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I've got that under my skin! Clin Infect Dis 2013; 56:1293; 1347-8. [PMID: 23559670 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sarmiento PL, Ciarmela ML, Sánchez Thevenet P, Minvielle MC, Basualdo JA. Comparison of preparation techniques of mixed samples (fungi–helminth eggs) for scanning electron microscopy by critical point drying. Parasitol Res 2006; 99:455-8. [PMID: 16607559 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-006-0187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We compared three preparation techniques for critical point drying of fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson with Toxocara canis (Werner) Johnston and Taenia hydatigena Linneo eggs by scanning electron microscopy. We evaluated filtration (first), centrifugation (second), and phytoplankton network (third) in critical point drying methods. The first and third methods were advantageous for T. canis eggs because they preserved the quantity and quality of samples to obtain better images definition. The best technique for T. hydatigena eggs was the addition of phytoplankton network in critical point drying which preserved these helminth eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Sarmiento
- Servicio de Microscopía Electrónica, Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Albino DS, Barros PR, da RNJS, van HAC, Cavalcanti PF. Modelling and estimation of physical parameters in a sludge drying system. Water Sci Technol 2002; 45:389-396. [PMID: 11936658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this paper is presented the study of a Sludge Drying System used to kill pathogenic organisms living in sludge. The system is modeled and the physical parameters thermal capacity, thermal resistance and thermal time constant are estimated using conventional estimation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Albino
- Departamento de Engenharia Eletrica, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brasil.
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Owiny JR. Cysticercosis in laboratory rabbits. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 2001; 40:45-8. [PMID: 11300689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
There are no data on the current incidence of Taenia pisiformis in laboratory rabbits. Two cases of cysticercosis most likely due to T. pisiformis in laboratory rabbits (intermediate host) are presented. Both rabbits had no contact with dogs (final host); their caretakers did not work with dogs, and these caretakers changed into facility scrubs and wore gloves when working with the rabbits. Rabbit 1 may have been infected after being fed hay at our facility. In light of the life cycle of the parasite and the history of rabbit 2, it potentially could have been infected prior to arrival at our facility. There have been only three cases of tapeworm cysts in rabbits in our facility (average daily census, 250) during the last 10 years (incidence, < 1%). This report indicates that although cysticercosis is rare in laboratory rabbits, one should always be aware of such incidental findings. Although it may not produce overt illness in the rabbit, hepatic migration could adversely affect the outcome of some experimental procedures
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Owiny
- Laboratory Animal Resources, Painter Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-2007, USA
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Abstract
Human cysticercosis, an infection caused by larvae of Taenia solium, is a major public health problem in many developing countries. Sixty-two of 23,402 biopsy cases have been detected as cysticercosis in the last 5 years in Patan Hospital. Most (82%) of the patients presented with solitary skin nodules, another 10% with nodules in the oral mucosa, and 8% in the breast. Forty cases were identified from the Kathmandu valley and the rest from outside Kathmandu. Most patients were younger than 30 years of age (mean, 21+/-11 years). Statistically, there was no difference between males (0.28%) and females (0.24%). The average size of cysticercosis was 19 mm in diameter, and the histology of cysticercosis showed fibrous walled cysts covered by several layered epithelioid cells with a few Langhans' giant cells and infiltration of eosinophils without caseous necrosis. These cysticercosis findings from an endemic area will be helpful for doctors who examine immigrant patients in nonendemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Amatya
- Histopathology Service, Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We report on a case of orbital cysticercosis in a 27-year-old Burmese man who presented with an orbital swelling 7 months after arriving in Australia. METHODS The presenting history and findings are reviewed and treatment options are discussed. A brief review of the life cycle of the tapeworm Taenia solium is provided. RESULTS The orbital lesion was successfully treated by surgical excision. CONCLUSION Cysticercosis should not be forgotten as a possible cause of unusual orbital lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pluschke
- The Canberra Hospital, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Merchant MT, Corella C, Willms K. Autoradiographic analysis of the germinative tissue in evaginated Taenia solium metacestodes. J Parasitol 1997; 83:363-7. [PMID: 9194813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaginated Taenia solium metacestodes dissected from infected pork meat were incubated in vitro in RPMI 1640 medium with tritiated thymidine, washed, and further incubated for various chase periods. Worms were fixed and embedded in Poly/Bed and sections were processed for autoradiography. Results showed that all longitudinal sections had a germinative region located 500-700 mm posterior to the apex of the scolex with tegumentary cytons arranged in staggered columns perpendicular to the tegument. After 6-hr pulse and 0-12-hr chase periods, a large number of labeled cells were found in the parenchyma and tegumentary wall, included were myocytons, calcareous corpuscle cells, flame cells, osmoregulatory channel cells, and, in the medullary parenchyma, labeled undifferentiated round cells with a large nucleus, prominent nucleolus, abundant ribosomes, and no cytoplasmic organelles. These undifferentiated cells were not labeled after 24-hr and 48-hr chase periods, an observation that strongly suggests these cells divide and migrate toward the tegument in a pattern similar to that described for other cestodes. The morphology and localization of these cells support the view that they are stem cells that give rise to the various cell types of the tegumentary wall. The results indicate that T. solium contains a germinative tissue similar to that described in other cestodes, in which stem cells proliferate continuously, differentiate, and migrate to the tegument, constituting the main process by which these worms develop from metacestode to the adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Merchant
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Facultad de Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico D.F. 04510, USA
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Liu B, Wakuri H, Mutoh K, Taniguchi K. Ultrastructural study of neurosecretory cells in the nervous system in the cestode (Taenia hydatigena). Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 1996; 73:195-203. [PMID: 8942196 DOI: 10.2535/ofaj1936.73.4_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The neurosecretory cells in nervous system of the Taenia hydatigena was studied light- and electron-microscopically. On the basis of the cytological structure they were divided into two types: type I neurosecretory cells, which containing large dense-cored vesicles, small elongated mitochondria and a large amount of free ribosomes, were located mainly in the central and peripheral nervous system; type II neurosecretory cells were characterized by their moderate amount of free ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum which contacted with the membranes of perikarya, large ovoid mitochondria, large dense-cored vesicles and their localization in the musculature near serve profiles. The synaptic and nonsynaptic contacts i.e. omega figure and exocytosis release sites were seen in the neuropile, musculature and excretory ducts. The present findings suggest that neurosecretory cells in nervous system may play an important integrative roles of both neuronal and endocrine in the flatworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Liu
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Changchun University of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Jilin, P.R. China
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Laclette JP, Skelly PJ, Merchant MT, Shoemaker CB. Aldehyde fixation dramatically alters the immunolocalization pattern of paramyosin in platyhelminth parasites. Exp Parasitol 1995; 81:140-3. [PMID: 7628562 DOI: 10.1006/expr.1995.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Laclette
- Department of Immunology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México
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Abstract
Neurotransmitters induce contractions of smooth muscle cells initially by mobilizing Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stores through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptors. Here we studied roles of the molecules involved in Ca2+ mobilization in single smooth muscle cells. A slow rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in agonist-stimulated smooth muscle cells was followed by a wave of rapid regenerative Ca2+ release as the local [Ca2+]i reached a critical concentration of approximately 160 nM. Neither feedback regulation of phospholipase C nor caffeine-sensitive Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release was found to be required in the regenerative Ca2+ release. These results indicate that Ca(2+)-dependent feedback control of InsP3-induced Ca2+ release plays a dominant role in the generation of the regenerative Ca2+ release. The resulting Ca2+ release in a whole cell was an all-or-none event, i.e. constant peak [Ca2+]i was attained with agonist concentrations above the threshold value. This finding suggests a possible digital mode involved in the neural control of smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iino
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Kulp SK, Rikihisa Y, Lin YC, Moh PP, Li PK, Gu Y. In vitro uptake and autoradiographic localization of tritiated gossypol in Taenia taeniaeformis metacestodes. Parasitol Res 1993; 79:279-85. [PMID: 8327450 DOI: 10.1007/bf00932182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Gossypol, a natural polyphenolic compound, induces growth-inhibitory and antiparasitic effects in Taenia taeniaeformis metacestodes in vivo and in vitro. We investigated the uptake and localization of [3H]-gossypol in this parasite. Metacestodes were incubated in 10(-5) M [3H]-gossypol at 37 degrees C. Parasites steadily took up tritium activity over the first 3 h of incubation, after which a plateau was maintained for the duration of the experiment. Tissue: medium radioactivity ratios revealed that intralarval tritium activity matched extralarval activity within 30 min of incubation and continued to increase with time. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis confirmed tissue incorporation of tritium activity that manifested as a single radioactive species. Autoradiography localized [3H]-gossypol to the tegument, calcareous corpuscles, and parenchyma over the first 2 h of incubation. By 6 h, parenchymal radioactivity had disappeared. T. taeniaeformis metacestodes rapidly take up and accumulate [3H]-gossypol in vitro. This accumulation is apparently selective for specific sites, which may have implications for gossypol's metacestocidal action.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kulp
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1092
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Nozais JP. [Taenia saginata. Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment]. Rev Prat 1990; 40:691-2. [PMID: 2326598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Nozais
- Parasitologie et mycologie, Pavillon Laveran, Paris
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Correa D, Laclette JP, Rodriguez-del-Rosal E, Merchant M, Flisser A. Heterogeneity of Taenia solium cysticerci obtained from different naturally infected pigs. J Parasitol 1987; 73:443-5. [PMID: 3585645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Abstract
An experiment using lysimeters suggested that the eggs of Taenia saginata and Ascaris lumbricoides survive for only a short time when applied to pasture in sewage sludge. However, a subsequent experiment which followed the survival of eggs throughout the soil profile demonstrated that some T. saginata eggs could still be found at 200 days on the soil surface, and that survival increased down the profile. Rainfall is shown to be able to wash eggs into the soil where they may be afforded protection from radiation and desiccation; this may have little epidemiological significance.
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Bortoletti G, Conchedda M, Ferretti G. Damage and early destruction of Taenia taeniaeformis larvae in resistant hosts, and anomalous development in susceptible hosts: a light microscopic and ultrastructural study. Int J Parasitol 1985; 15:377-84. [PMID: 4030212 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(85)90022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bao HE. [Observations on the morphological and histochemical changes in Taenia saginata caused by pyquiton]. Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 1983; 1:172-175. [PMID: 6678670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Rinaldi V, Ravazzoni L, Magno MS, Djaczenko W. Scanning electron microscopy of the tegument of Taenia saginata. Riv Biol 1973; 66:417-24. [PMID: 4795083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Smith JK, Parrish M, Esch GW, Kuhn RE. Growth and development of larval Taenia crassiceps (Cestoda)-II. RNA and DNA synthesis in the ORF and KBS strains determined by autoradiography. Int J Parasitol 1972; 2:383-9. [PMID: 4661368 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(72)90077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Tay J. [Electron microscopic study of Cystericercus Cellulosae. I. Membrane, neck and scolex]. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1972; 14:107-16. [PMID: 4508514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bortoletti G, Ferretti G. Observations on the ultrastructure of the tegument in the larval forms of Hydatigera (=Taenia) taeniaeformis and considerations on the development of the cyclofillidean Cestoes larvae. Riv Parassitol 1971; 32:249-71. [PMID: 5147923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Slais J, Serbus C, Schramlová J. The microscopical anatomy of the bladder wall of Cysticercus bovis at the electron microscope level. Z Parasitenkd 1971; 36:304-20. [PMID: 4325946 DOI: 10.1007/bf00259638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Varute AT. Mast cells in cyst-wall of hydatid cyst of Taenia taeniaeformis (Batsch). Indian J Exp Biol 1971; 9:200-3. [PMID: 4255234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Baron PJ. On the histology and ultrasturcture of Cysticercus longicollis, the cysticercus of Taenia crassiceps Zeder, 1800, (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea). Parasitology 1968; 58:497-513. [PMID: 5740541 DOI: 10.1017/s003118200002881x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies with both the light and electron microscope on the bladder wall ofCysticercus longicollishave revealed details of its structure and shown that it contains structures comparable with those of adult cestodes. The structure of the everted scolex of the fully developed cysticercus has also been studied. Development of the scolex and rostellum has been briefly considered and is similar to that ofC. fasciolarisandC. pisiformis. The importance of the tegument in both bladder wall and scolex is emphasised.The rostellar hooks appear first as small cones to which a base is added after some growth has occurred. Mature and immature hooks probably contain keratin. Results of histochemical tests on this and other parts of the cysticercus have been given.Thanks are due to Dr L. G. Goodwin, Director of the Nuffield Institute of Comparative Medicine, London Zoo, for allowing the author to use the EM 6 B and photographic facilities. Dr J. Mahon of Imperial College, London, kindly read the script, gave advice on it and provided photomicrographic facilities. The author is grateful to the Principal and Governors of West Ham College of Technology for general and financial support of the project.
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Hsu RG. Use of a simple digestive fluid to clear and relax old cestode material for preparation of whole mounts. J Parasitol 1968; 54:73. [PMID: 4867951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Morseth DJ. The fine structure of the tegument of adult Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena, and Taenia pisiformis. J Parasitol 1966; 52:1074-85. [PMID: 5926331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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