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Watanabe H, Xu W, Uno H, Uraya Y, Kugita M, Komohara Y, Niidome T, Sasaki M, Shimizu I, Fujita N, Kawano Y. Fluoride-treated rare earth-free magnesium alloy ZK30: An inert and bioresorbable material for bone fracture treatment devices. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:963-972. [PMID: 38235956 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bone fractures represent a common health problem, particularly in an increasingly aging population. Bioresorbable magnesium (Mg) alloy-based implants offer promising alternatives to traditional metallic implants for the treatment of bone fractures because they eliminate the need for implant removal after healing. The Mg-Y-rare-earth (RE)-Zr alloy WE43, designed for orthopedic implants, has received European Conformity mark approval. However, currently, WE43 is not clinically used in certain countries possibly because of concerns related to RE metals. In this study, we investigated the use of a RE-free alloy, namely, Mg-Zn-Zr alloy (ZK30), as an implant for bone fractures. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment was performed to improve the corrosion resistance of ZK30. HF-treated ZK30 (HF-ZK30) exhibited lower corrosion rate and higher biocompatibility than those of WE43 in in vitro experiments. After implanting a rod of HF-ZK30 into the fractured femoral bones of mice, HF-ZK30 held the bones and healed the fracture without deformation. Treatment results of HF-ZK30 were comparable to those of WE43, indicating the potential of HF-ZK30 as a bioresorbable and safe implant for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wei Xu
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Uno
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Uraya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Kugita
- Advanced Medical Research Center for Animal Models of Human Diseases, Research Promotion Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Shimizu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Matsumoto T, Hashimoto K, Okada H. Discretizing low-intensity whole-body vibration into bouts with short rest intervals promotes bone defect repair in osteoporotic mice. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1267-1275. [PMID: 38234146 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Continuous administration of low-intensity whole-body vibration (WBV) gradually diminishes bone mechanosensitivity over time, leading to a weakening of its osteogenic effect. We investigated whether discretizing WBV into bouts with short rest intervals was effective in enhancing osteoporotic bone repair. Ten-week-old female mice were ovariectomized and underwent drill-hole defect surgery (Day 0) on the right tibial diaphysis at 11 weeks of age. The mice underwent one of three regimens starting from Day 1 for 5 days/week: continuous WBV at 45 Hz and 0.3 g for 7.5 min/day (cWBV); 3-s bouts of WBV at 45 Hz, 0.3 g followed by 9-s rest intervals, repeated for 30 min/day (repeated bouts of whole-body vibration with short rest intervals [rWBV]); or a sham treatment. Both the cWBV and rWBV groups received a total of 20,250 vibration cycles per day. On either Day 7 or 14 posteuthanasia (n = 6/group/timepoint), the bone and angiogenic vasculature in the defect were computed tomography imaged using synchrotron light. By Day 14, the bone repair was most advanced in the rWBV group, showing a higher bone volume fraction and a more uniform mineral distribution compared with the sham group. The cWBV group exhibited an intermediate level of bone repair between the sham and rWBV groups. The rWBV group had a decrease in large-sized angiogenic vessels, while the cWBV group showed an increase in such vessels. In conclusion, osteoporotic bone repair was enhanced by WBV bouts with short rest intervals, which may potentially be attributed to the improved mechanosensitivity of osteogenic cells and alterations in angiogenic vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Matsumoto
- Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keishi Hashimoto
- Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hyuga Okada
- Division of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Miura S, Horisawa K, Iwamori T, Tsujino S, Inoue K, Karasawa S, Yamamoto J, Ohkawa Y, Sekiya S, Suzuki A. Hepatocytes differentiate into intestinal epithelial cells through a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal cell state in culture. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3940. [PMID: 38750036 PMCID: PMC11096382 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes play important roles in the liver, but in culture, they immediately lose function and dedifferentiate into progenitor-like cells. Although this unique feature is well-known, the dynamics and mechanisms of hepatocyte dedifferentiation and the differentiation potential of dedifferentiated hepatocytes (dediHeps) require further investigation. Here, we employ a culture system specifically established for hepatic progenitor cells to study hepatocyte dedifferentiation. We found that hepatocytes dedifferentiate with a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype, which is required for the induction and maintenance of dediHeps, and exhibit Vimentin-dependent propagation, upon inhibition of the Hippo signaling pathway. The dediHeps re-differentiate into mature hepatocytes by forming aggregates, enabling reconstitution of hepatic tissues in vivo. Moreover, dediHeps have an unexpected differentiation potential into intestinal epithelial cells that can form organoids in three-dimensional culture and reconstitute colonic epithelia after transplantation. This remarkable plasticity will be useful in the study and treatment of intestinal metaplasia and related diseases in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Miura
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Horisawa
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tokuko Iwamori
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsujino
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuya Inoue
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satsuki Karasawa
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Junpei Yamamoto
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sekiya
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Lee PWT, Suwa T, Kobayashi M, Yang H, Koseki LR, Takeuchi S, Chow CCT, Yasuhara T, Harada H. Hypoxia- and Postirradiation reoxygenation-induced HMHA1/ARHGAP45 expression contributes to cancer cell invasion in a HIF-dependent manner. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02691-x. [PMID: 38740970 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells in severely hypoxic regions have been reported to invade towards tumour blood vessels after surviving radiotherapy in a postirradiation reoxygenation- and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-dependent manner and cause recurrence. However, how HIF induces invasiveness of irradiated and reoxygenated cancer cells remains unclear. METHODS Here, we identified human minor histocompatibility antigen 1 (HMHA1), which has been suggested to function in cytoskeleton dynamics and cellular motility, as a responsible factor and elucidated its mechanism of action using molecular and cellular biology techniques. RESULTS HMHA1 expression was found to be induced at the transcription initiation level in a HIF-dependent manner under hypoxia. Boyden chamber invasion assay revealed that the induction of HMHA1 expression is required for the increase in invasion of hypoxic cancer cells. Reoxygenation treatment after ionising radiation in vitro that mimics dynamic changes of a microenvironment in hypoxic regions of tumour tissues after radiation therapy further enhanced HMHA1 expression and invasive potential of HMHA1 wildtype cancer cells in ROS- and HIF-dependent manners, but not of HMHA1 knockout cells. CONCLUSION These results together provide insights into a potential molecular mechanism of the acquisition of invasiveness by hypoxic cancer cells after radiotherapy via the activation of the ROS/HIF/HMHA1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W T Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suwa
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Minoru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Lina R Koseki
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Christalle C T Chow
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yasuhara
- Laboratory of Genome Stress Response, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Late Effects Studies, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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5
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Tong Y, Ueyama-Toba Y, Yokota J, Matsui H, Kanai M, Mizuguchi H. Efficient hepatocyte differentiation of primary human hepatocyte-derived organoids using three dimensional nanofibers (HYDROX) and their possible application in hepatotoxicity research. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10846. [PMID: 38736008 PMCID: PMC11089038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human liver organoids are in vitro three dimensionally (3D) cultured cells that have a bipotent stem cell phenotype. Translational research of human liver organoids for drug discovery has been limited by the challenge of their low hepatic function compared to primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). Various attempts have been made to develop functional hepatocyte-like cells from human liver organoids. However, none have achieved the same level of hepatic functions as PHHs. We here attempted to culture human liver organoids established from cryopreserved PHHs (PHH-derived organoids), using HYDROX, a chemically defined 3D nanofiber. While the proliferative capacity of PHH-derived organoids was lost by HYDROX-culture, the gene expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes were significantly improved. Enzymatic activities of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), CYP2C19, and CYP1A2 in HYDROX-cultured PHH-derived organoids (Org-HYDROX) were comparable to those in PHHs. When treated with hepatotoxic drugs such as troglitazone, amiodarone and acetaminophen, Org-HYDROX showed similar cell viability to PHHs, suggesting that Org-HYDROX could be applied to drug-induced hepatotoxicity tests. Furthermore, Org-HYDROX maintained its functions for up to 35 days and could be applied to chronic drug-induced hepatotoxicity tests using fialuridine. Our findings demonstrated that HYDROX could possibly be a novel biomaterial for differentiating human liver organoids towards hepatocytes applicable to pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Tong
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ueyama-Toba
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yokota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hayato Matsui
- Bio-Industry Unit, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, 619-0237, Japan
- Cell Business Unit, Diagnostics Management Department, Analytical and Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, 619-0237, Japan
| | - Masaki Kanai
- Bio-Industry Unit, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, 619-0237, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Laboratory of Functional Organoid for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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6
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Takeda Y, Yoshikawa T, Dai P. Angiotensin II participates in mitochondrial thermogenic functions via the activation of glycolysis in chemically induced human brown adipocytes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10789. [PMID: 38734719 PMCID: PMC11088625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown adipocytes are potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of obesity-associated metabolic diseases because they consume circulating glucose and fatty acids for heat production. Angiotensin II (Ang II) peptide is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity- and cold-induced hypertension; however, the mechanism underlying the direct effects of Ang II on human brown adipocytes remains unclear. Our transcriptome analysis of chemical compound-induced brown adipocytes (ciBAs) showed that the Ang II type 1 receptor (AGTR1), but not AGTR2 and MAS1 receptors, was expressed. The Ang II/AGTR1 axis downregulated the expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The simultaneous treatment with β-adrenergic receptor agonists and Ang II attenuated UCP1 expression, triglyceride lipolysis, and cAMP levels, although cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation was enhanced by Ang II mainly through the protein kinase C pathway. Despite reduced lipolysis, both coupled and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration was enhanced in Ang II-treated ciBAs. Instead, glycolysis and glucose uptake were robustly activated upon treatment with Ang II without a comprehensive transcriptional change in glucose metabolic genes. Elevated mitochondrial energy status induced by Ang II was likely associated with UCP1 repression. Our findings suggest that the Ang II/AGTR1 axis participates in mitochondrial thermogenic functions via glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Takeda
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanaka-Monzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8225, Japan
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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7
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Kajimura Y, Taguchi A, Nagao Y, Yamamoto K, Masuda K, Shibata K, Asaoka Y, Furutani-Seiki M, Tanizawa Y, Ohta Y. E4BP4 in macrophages induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype that ameliorates the severity of colitis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:527. [PMID: 38714733 PMCID: PMC11076557 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile cells of the innate immune system that work by altering their pro- or anti-inflammatory features. Their dysregulation leads to inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. We show that macrophage-specific upregulation of the clock output gene and transcription factor E4BP4 reduces the severity of colitis in mice. RNA-sequencing and single-cell analyses of macrophages revealed that increased expression of E4BP4 leads to an overall increase in expression of anti-inflammatory genes including Il4ra with a concomitant reduction in pro-inflammatory gene expression. In contrast, knockout of E4BP4 in macrophages leads to increased proinflammatory gene expression and decreased expression of anti-inflammatory genes. ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq analyses further identified Il4ra as a target of E4BP4, which drives anti-inflammatory polarization in macrophages. Together, these results reveal a critical role for E4BP4 in regulating macrophage inflammatory phenotypes and resolving inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Kajimura
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Akihiko Taguchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Yuko Nagao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Konosuke Masuda
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kensuke Shibata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoichi Asaoka
- Department of Systems Biochemistry in Pathology and Regeneration, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Makoto Furutani-Seiki
- Department of Systems Biochemistry in Pathology and Regeneration, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yukio Tanizawa
- Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Ohta
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minami Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
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8
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Oka Y, Nakazawa Y, Shimada M, Ogi T. Endogenous aldehyde-induced DNA-protein crosslinks are resolved by transcription-coupled repair. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:784-796. [PMID: 38600234 PMCID: PMC11098742 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) induced by aldehydes interfere with replication and transcription. Hereditary deficiencies in DPC repair and aldehyde clearance processes cause progeria, including Ruijs-Aalfs syndrome (RJALS) and AMeD syndrome (AMeDS) in humans. Although the elimination of DPC during replication has been well established, how cells overcome DPC lesions in transcription remains elusive. Here we show that endogenous aldehyde-induced DPC roadblocks are efficiently resolved by transcription-coupled repair (TCR). We develop a high-throughput sequencing technique to measure the genome-wide distribution of DPCs (DPC-seq). Using proteomics and DPC-seq, we demonstrate that the conventional TCR complex as well as VCP/p97 and the proteasome are required for the removal of formaldehyde-induced DPCs. TFIIS-dependent cleavage of RNAPII transcripts protects against transcription obstacles. Finally, a mouse model lacking both aldehyde clearance and TCR confirms endogenous DPC accumulation in actively transcribed regions. Collectively, our data provide evidence that transcription-coupled DPC repair (TC-DPCR) as well as aldehyde clearance are crucial for protecting against metabolic genotoxin, thus explaining the molecular pathogenesis of AMeDS and other disorders associated with defects in TCR, such as Cockayne syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Oka
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakazawa
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mayuko Shimada
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Animal Medical Science, Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Molecular Physiology and Dynamics, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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9
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Morito D. Molecular structure and function of mysterin/RNF213. J Biochem 2024; 175:495-505. [PMID: 38378744 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mysterin is a large intracellular protein harboring a RING finger ubiquitin ligase domain and is also referred to as RING finger protein 213 (RNF213). The author performed the first molecular cloning of the mysterin gene as the final step in genetic exploration of cerebrovascular moyamoya disease (MMD) and initiated the next round of exploration to understand its molecular and cellular functions. Although much remains unknown, accumulating findings suggest that mysterin functions in cells by targeting massive intracellular structures, such as lipid droplets (LDs) and various invasive pathogens. In the latter case, mysterin appears to directly surround and ubiquitylate the surface of pathogens and stimulate cell-autonomous antimicrobial reactions, such as xenophagy and inflammatory response. To date, multiple mutations causing MMD have been identified within and near the RING finger domain of mysterin; however, their functional relevance remains largely unknown. Besides the RING finger, mysterin harbors a dynein-like ATPase core and an RZ finger, another ubiquitin ligase domain unique to mysterin, while functional exploration of these domains has also just commenced. In this review, the author attempts to summarize the core findings regarding the molecular structure and function of the mysterin protein, with an emphasis on the perspective of MMD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Morito
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine, Hatanodai 1-5-8, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-0064, Japan
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10
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Cho H, Dohi T, Wakai H, Quong WL, Linh NDT, Usami S, Ogawa R. In the face and neck, keloid scar distribution is related to skin thickness and stiffness changes associated with movement. Wound Repair Regen 2024. [PMID: 38602106 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Keloid scars tend to occur in high-tension sites due to mechanical stimuli that are involved in their development. To date, a detailed analysis of keloid distribution focused specifically on facial and neck areas has not been reported, and limited literature exists as to the related mechanical factors. To rectify this deficiency of knowledge, we first quantified the facial and neck keloid distribution observed clinically in 113 patients. Subsequently, we performed a rigorous investigation into the mechanical factors and their associated changes at these anatomic sites in healthy volunteers without a history of pathologic scarring. The association between keloid-predilection sites and sebaceous gland-dense and acne-prone sites was also examined. To assess skin stretch, thickness and stiffness, VECTRA, ultrasound and indentometer were utilised. Baseline skin stiffness and thickness were measured, as well as the magnitude of change in these values associated with facial expression and postural changes. Within the face and neck, keloids were most common near the mandibular angle (41.3%) and lateral submental (20.0%) regions. These areas of increased keloid incidence were not associated with areas more dense in sebaceous glands, nor linked consistently with acne-susceptible regions. Binomial logistic regression revealed that changes in skin stiffness and thickness related to postural changes significantly predicted keloid distribution. Skin stiffness and thickness changes related to prolonged mechanical forces (postural changes) are most pronounced at sites of high keloid predilection. This finding further elucidates the means by which skin stretch and tension are related to keloid development. As a more detailed analysis of mechanical forces on facial and neck skin, this study evaluates the nuances of multiple skin-mechanical properties, and their changes in a three-dimensional framework. Such factors may be critical to better understanding keloid progression and development in the face and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyu Cho
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Dohi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hanae Wakai
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Whitney Laurel Quong
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nguyen Doan Tien Linh
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Usami
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Kamiyama N, Saechue B, Sachi N, Dewayani A, Chalalai T, Ozaka S, Ariki S, Soga Y, Kagoshima Y, Ekronarongchai S, Hidano S, Kobayashi T. TRAF6 signaling in T cells is crucial for the pathogenicity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Int Immunol 2024; 36:241-256. [PMID: 38153198 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Although IL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells are thought to be one of the exacerbating factors in MS, the underlying pathogenic mechanism is incompletely understood. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) deficient T cells exhibited enhanced Th17 cell differentiation, however, the physiological relevance of TRAF6 in T cells remains unknown. Here, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in T cell-specific TRAF6 deficient (TRAF6ΔT) mice to investigate the role of TRAF6 in T cells during the course of MS using an EAE model. Although Th17 cell differentiation was enhanced in TRAF6ΔT mice, mutant mice were resistant to EAE. In contrast, TRAF6 loss did not affect regulatory T-cell differentiation. Consistent with the severity of EAE, a small number of infiltrating T cells and a small area of demyelination were observed in the CNS of TRAF6ΔT mice. Moreover, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced IL-17 production in TRAF6-deficient T cells was significantly suppressed. We further confirmed lower levels of CD69 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Th17 cells of TRAF6ΔT mice than in wild-type mice. In contrast, the expression of IL-10 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 in T cells was significantly elevated in the absence of TRAF6 because of enhanced T-cell receptor signaling. Collectively, TRAF6 signaling in T cells contributes to the pathogenesis of EAE by regulating the pathogenicity and autoantigen reactivity of Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naganori Kamiyama
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Benjawan Saechue
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Nozomi Sachi
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Astri Dewayani
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Thanyakorn Chalalai
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Sotaro Ozaka
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shimpei Ariki
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Soga
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yomei Kagoshima
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Supanuch Ekronarongchai
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shinya Hidano
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
- Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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12
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Sekine Y, Kikkawa K, Honda S, Sasaki Y, Kawahara S, Mizushima A, Togi S, Fujimuro M, Oritani K, Matsuda T. STAP-2 facilitates insulin signaling through binding to CAP/c-Cbl and regulates adipocyte differentiation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5799. [PMID: 38461189 PMCID: PMC10925025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2) is an adaptor molecule involved in several cellular signaling cascades. Here, we attempted to identify novel STAP-2 interacting molecules, and identified c-Cbl associated protein (CAP) as a binding protein through the C-terminal proline-rich region of STAP-2. Expression of STAP-2 increased the interaction between CAP and c-Cbl, suggesting that STAP-2 bridges these proteins and enhances complex formation. CAP/c-Cbl complex is known to regulate GLUT4 translocation in insulin signaling. STAP-2 overexpressed human hepatocyte Hep3B cells showed enhanced GLUT4 translocation after insulin treatment. Elevated levels of Stap2 mRNA have been observed in 3T3-L1 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) during adipocyte differentiation. The differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes was highly promoted by retroviral overexpression of STAP-2. In contrast, STAP-2 knockout (KO) MEFs exhibited suppressed adipogenesis. The increase in body weight with high-fat diet feeding was significantly decreased in STAP-2 KO mice compared to WT animals. These data suggest that the expression of STAP-2 correlates with adipogenesis. Thus, STAP-2 is a novel regulatory molecule that controls insulin signal transduction by forming a c-Cbl/STAP-2/CAP ternary complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Kazuna Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Sachie Honda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shoya Kawahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Akihiro Mizushima
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sumihito Togi
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujimuro
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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13
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Ikegami K. Circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure. J Physiol Sci 2024; 74:14. [PMID: 38431563 PMCID: PMC10908160 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Intraocular pressure (IOP) plays a crucial role in glaucoma development, involving the dynamics of aqueous humor (AH). AH flows in from the ciliary body and exits through the trabecular meshwork (TM). IOP follows a circadian rhythm synchronized with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the circadian pacemaker. The SCN resets peripheral clocks through sympathetic nerves or adrenal glucocorticoids (GCs). IOP's circadian rhythm is governed by circadian time signals, sympathetic noradrenaline (NE), and GCs, rather than the local clock. The activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in non-pigmented epithelial cells in the ciliary body can influence the nocturnal increase in IOP by enhancing AH inflow. Conversely, NE, not GCs, can regulate the IOP rhythm by suppressing TM macrophage phagocytosis and AH outflow. The activation of the β1-adrenergic receptor (AR)-mediated EPAC-SHIP1 signal through the ablation of phosphatidylinositol triphosphate may govern phagocytic cup formation. These findings could offer insights for better glaucoma management, such as chronotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ikegami
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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14
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Mizuguchi Y, Nakao M, Nagai T, Takahashi Y, Abe T, Kakinoki S, Imagawa S, Matsutani K, Saito T, Takahashi M, Kato Y, Komoriyama H, Hagiwara H, Hirata K, Ogawa T, Shimizu T, Otsu M, Chiyo K, Anzai T. Machine learning-based gait analysis to predict clinical frailty scale in elderly patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J Digit Health 2024; 5:152-162. [PMID: 38505484 PMCID: PMC10944685 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Aims Although frailty assessment is recommended for guiding treatment strategies and outcome prediction in elderly patients with heart failure (HF), most frailty scales are subjective, and the scores vary among raters. We sought to develop a machine learning-based automatic rating method/system/model of the clinical frailty scale (CFS) for patients with HF. Methods and results We prospectively examined 417 elderly (≥75 years) with symptomatic chronic HF patients from 7 centres between January 2019 and October 2023. The patients were divided into derivation (n = 194) and validation (n = 223) cohorts. We obtained body-tracking motion data using a deep learning-based pose estimation library, on a smartphone camera. Predicted CFS was calculated from 128 key features, including gait parameters, using the light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) model. To evaluate the performance of this model, we calculated Cohen's weighted kappa (CWK) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the predicted and actual CFSs. In the derivation and validation datasets, the LightGBM models showed excellent agreements between the actual and predicted CFSs [CWK 0.866, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.807-0.911; ICC 0.866, 95% CI 0.827-0.898; CWK 0.812, 95% CI 0.752-0.868; ICC 0.813, 95% CI 0.761-0.854, respectively]. During a median follow-up period of 391 (inter-quartile range 273-617) days, the higher predicted CFS was independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.02-2.50) after adjusting for significant prognostic covariates. Conclusion Machine learning-based algorithms of automatically CFS rating are feasible, and the predicted CFS is associated with the risk of all-cause death in elderly patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Mizuguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
| | - Motoki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nagai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
| | - Takahiro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kakinoki
- Department of Cardiology, Otaru Kyokai Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shogo Imagawa
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenichi Matsutani
- Department of Cardiology, Sunagawa City Medical Center, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takahiko Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Japan Red Cross Kitami Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masashige Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Hokkaido Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Kushiro City General Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Hikaru Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiology, Kushiro City General Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuto Shimizu
- Technical Planning Office, INFOCOM CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Otsu
- Technical Planning Office, INFOCOM CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Chiyo
- Technical Planning Office, INFOCOM CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Anzai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 0608638, Japan
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15
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Fujii K, Fujishima Y, Kita S, Kawada K, Fukuoka K, Sakaue TA, Okita T, Kawada-Horitani E, Nagao H, Fukuda S, Maeda N, Nishizawa H, Shimomura I. Pharmacological HIF-1 activation upregulates extracellular vesicle production synergistically with adiponectin through transcriptional induction and protein stabilization of T-cadherin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3620. [PMID: 38351156 PMCID: PMC10864391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a hypoxia-responsive transcription factor, has attracted increasing attention due to its efficacy not only in renal anemia but also in various disease models. Our study demonstrated that a HIF-1 activator enhanced extracellular vesicle (EV) production from cultured endothelial cells synergistically with adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived factor, through both transcriptional induction and posttranscriptional stabilization of an adiponectin binding partner, T-cadherin. Increased EV levels were observed in wild-type mice but not in T-cadherin null mice after consecutive administration of roxadustat. Adiponectin- and T-cadherin-dependent increased EV production may be involved in the pleiotropic effects of HIF-1 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fujii
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuya Fujishima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shunbun Kita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Adipose Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Keitaro Kawada
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keita Fukuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Sakaue
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomonori Okita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Emi Kawada-Horitani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nagao
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiro Fukuda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norikazu Maeda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2, Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nishizawa
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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16
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Shirai Y, Suwa T, Kobayashi M, Koyasu S, Harada H. DDX5 enhances HIF-1 activity by promoting the interaction of HIF-1α with HIF-1β and recruiting the resulting heterodimer to its target gene loci. Biol Cell 2024; 116:e2300077. [PMID: 38031929 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Cancer cells acquire malignant characteristics and therapy resistance by employing the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-dependent adaptive response to hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumors. Since the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, difficulties are associated with establishing effective therapeutic strategies. RESULTS We herein identified DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) as a novel activator of HIF-1 and found that it enhanced the heterodimer formation of HIF-1α and HIF-1β and facilitated the recruitment of the resulting HIF-1 to its recognition sequence, hypoxia-response element (HRE), leading to the expression of a subset of cancer-related genes under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that the regulation of HIF-1 recruitment to HRE is an important regulatory step in the control of HIF-1 activity. SIGNIFICANCE The present study provides novel insights for the development of strategies to inhibit the HIF-1-dependent expression of cancer-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Shirai
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suwa
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Minoru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Koyasu
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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17
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Onodera K, Hasegawa Y, Yokota N, Tamura S, Kinno H, Takahashi I, Chiba H, Kojima H, Katagiri H, Nata K, Ishigaki Y. A newly identified compound activating UCP1 inhibits obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:324-338. [PMID: 37974549 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Promoting thermogenesis in adipose tissue has been a promising strategy against obesity and related metabolic complications. We aimed to identify compounds that promote thermogenesis in adipocytes and to elucidate their functions and roles in metabolism. METHODS To identify compounds that directly promote thermogenesis from a structurally diverse set of 4800 compounds, we utilized a cell-based platform for high-throughput screening that induces uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in adipocytes. RESULTS We identified one candidate compound that activates UCP1. Additional characterization of this compound revealed that it induced cellular thermogenesis in adipocytes with negligible cytotoxicity. In a subsequent diet-induced obesity model, mice treated with this compound exhibited a slower rate of weight gain, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure. Mechanistic studies have revealed that this compound increases mitochondrial biogenesis by elevating maximal respiration, which is partly mediated by the protein kinase A (PKA)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. A further comprehensive genetic analysis of adipocytes treated with these compounds identified two novel UCP1-dependent thermogenic genes, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 2 (Kcnc2) and predicted gene 5627 (Gm5627). CONCLUSIONS The identified compound can serve as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Furthermore, our newly clarified thermogenic genes play an important role in UCP1-dependent thermogenesis in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Onodera
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hasegawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yokota
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Shukuko Tamura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kinno
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Iwao Takahashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Hiraku Chiba
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Hirotatsu Kojima
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Katagiri
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Nata
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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Kijima C, Inaba T, Hira K, Miyamoto N, Yamashiro K, Urabe T, Hattori N, Ueno Y. Astrocytic Extracellular Vesicles Regulated by Microglial Inflammatory Responses Improve Stroke Recovery. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1002-1021. [PMID: 37676390 PMCID: PMC10861643 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
There are no effective treatments for post-stroke glial scar formation, which inhibits axonal outgrowth and functional recovery after stroke. We investigated whether astrocytic extracellular vesicles (AEVs) regulated by microglia modulate glial scars and improve stroke recovery. We found that peri-infarct glial scars comprised reactive astrocytes with proliferating C3d and decreased S100A10 expression in chronic stroke. In cultured astrocytes, microglia-conditioned media and treatment with P2Y1 receptor antagonists increased and reduced the area of S100A10- and C3d-expressing reactive astrocytes, respectively, by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κB)/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/interleukin-1β signaling after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Intracerebral administrations of AEVs enriched miR-146a-5p, downregulated NF-κB, and suppressed TNF-α expressions, by transforming reactive astrocytes to those with S100A10 preponderance, causing functional recovery in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Modulating neuroinflammation in post-stroke glial scars could permit axonal outgrowth, thus providing a basis for stroke recovery with neuroprotective AEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikage Kijima
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hira
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamashiro
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takao Urabe
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Shigesada N, Shikada N, Shirai M, Toriyama M, Higashijima F, Kimura K, Kondo T, Bessho Y, Shinozuka T, Sasai N. Combination of blockade of endothelin signalling and compensation of IGF1 expression protects the retina from degeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:51. [PMID: 38252153 PMCID: PMC10803390 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) cause severe retinal dysfunction, affecting 1 in 4000 people worldwide. This disease is currently assumed to be intractable, because effective therapeutic methods have not been established, regardless of genetic or sporadic traits. Here, we examined a RP mouse model in which the Prominin-1 (Prom1) gene was deficient and investigated the molecular events occurring at the outset of retinal dysfunction. We extracted the Prom1-deficient retina subjected to light exposure for a short time, conducted single-cell expression profiling, and compared the gene expression with and without stimuli. We identified the cells and genes whose expression levels change directly in response to light stimuli. Among the genes altered by light stimulation, Igf1 was decreased in rod photoreceptor cells and astrocytes under the light-stimulated condition. Consistently, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal was weakened in light-stimulated photoreceptor cells. The recovery of Igf1 expression with the adeno-associated virus (AAV) prevented photoreceptor cell death, and its treatment in combination with the endothelin receptor antagonist led to the blockade of abnormal glial activation and the promotion of glycolysis, thereby resulting in the improvement of retinal functions, as assayed by electroretinography. We additionally demonstrated that the attenuation of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates IGF signalling, leads to complications in maintaining retinal homeostasis. Together, we propose that combinatorial manipulation of distinct mechanisms is useful for the maintenance of the retinal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Shigesada
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Shikada
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Manabu Shirai
- Omics Research Center (ORC), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Michinori Toriyama
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Higashijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuma Shinozuka
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sasai
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
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20
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Sawai Y, Suzuki Y, Asagiri M, Hida S, Kondo R, Zamponi GW, Giles WR, Imaizumi Y, Yamamura H. Caveolin-1 forms a complex with P2X7 receptor and tunes P2X7-mediated ATP signaling in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C125-C142. [PMID: 37955123 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00303.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The ionotropic purinergic P2X7 receptor responds to extracellular ATP and can trigger proinflammatory immune signaling in macrophages. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is known to modulate functions of macrophages and innate immunity. However, it is unknown how Cav-1 modulates P2X7 receptor activity in macrophages. We herein examined P2X7 receptor activity and macrophage functions using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (WT) and Cav-1 knockout (KO) mice. ATP (1 mM) application caused biphasic increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] and sustained decrease in cytosolic [K+]. A specific P2X7 receptor blocker, A-740003, inhibited the maintained cytosolic [Ca2+] increase and cytosolic [K+] decrease. Total internal reflection fluorescent imaging and proximity ligation assays revealed a novel molecular complex formation between P2X7 receptors and Cav-1 in WT BMDMs that were stimulated with lipopolysaccharides. This molecular coupling was increased by ATP application. Specifically, the ATP-induced Ca2+ influx and K+ efflux through P2X7 receptors were increased in Cav-1 KO BMDMs, even though the total and surface protein levels of P2X7 receptors in WT and Cav-1 KO BMDMs were unchanged. Cell-impermeable dye (TO-PRO3) uptake analysis revealed that macropore formation of P2X7 receptors was enhanced in Cav-1 KO BMDMs. Cav-1 KO BMDMs increased ATP-induced IL-1β secretion, reactive oxygen species production, Gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage, and lactate dehydrogenase release indicating pyroptosis. A-740003 completely prevented ATP-induced pyroptosis. In combination, these datasets show that Cav-1 has a negative effect on P2X7 receptor activity in BMDMs and that Cav-1 in macrophages may contribute to finely tuned immune responses by preventing excessive IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In bone marrow-derived macrophages, Cav-1 suppresses the macropore formation of P2X7 receptors through their direct or indirect interactions, resulting in reduced membrane permeability of cations (Ca2+ and K+) and large cell-impermeable dye (TO-PRO3) induced by ATP. Cav-1 also inhibits ATP-induced IL-1β secretion, ROS production, GSDMD cleavage, and pyroptosis. Cav-1 contributes to the maintenance of proper immune responses by finely tuning IL-1β secretion and cell death in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Sawai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masataka Asagiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Hida
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rubii Kondo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wayne R Giles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yuji Imaizumi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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Ishii T, Yamanishi T, Kamasako T, Shibata C, Fuse M, Kaga M, Kaga K, Nahas H, Yiu BYS, Yu ACH, Saijo Y. Transrectal ultrasound vector projectile imaging for time-resolved visualization of flow dynamics in the male urethra: A clinical pilot study. Med Phys 2024; 51:428-438. [PMID: 37983613 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative and comprehensive visualization of urinary flow dynamics in the urethra is crucial for investigating patient-specific mechanisms of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Although some methods can evaluate the global properties of the urethra, it is critical to assess the local information, such as the location of the responsible lesion and its interactions with urinary flow in relation to LUTS. This approach is vital for enhancing personalized and focal treatments. However, there is a lack of such diagnostic tools that can directly observe how the urethral shape and motion impact urinary flow in the urethra. PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a novel transrectal ultrasound imaging modality based on the contrast-enhanced urodynamic vector projectile imaging (CE-UroVPI) framework and validate its clinical applicability for visualizing time-resolved flow dynamics in the urethra. METHODS A new CE-UroVPI system was developed using a research-purpose ultrasound platform and a custom transrectal linear probe, and an imaging protocol for acquiring urodynamic echo data in male patients was designed. Thirty-four male patients with LUTS participated in this study. CE-UroVPI was performed to acquire ultrasound echo signals from the participant's urethra and urinary flow at various voiding phases (initiation, maintenance, and terminal). The ultrasound datasets were processed with custom software to visualize urinary flow dynamics and urethra tissue deformation. RESULTS The transrectal CE-UroVPI system successfully visualized the time-resolved multidirectional urinary flow dynamics in the prostatic urethra during the initiation, maintenance, and terminal phases of voiding in 17 patients at a frame rate of 1250 fps. The maximum flow speed measured in this study was 2.5 m/s. In addition, when the urethra had an obstruction or an irregular partial deformation, the devised imaging modality visualized complex flow patterns, such as vortices and flow jets around the lesion. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings demonstrate that the transrectal CE-UroVPI system developed in this study can effectively image fluid-structural interactions in the urethra. This new diagnostic technology has the potential to facilitate quantitative and precise assessments of urethral voiding functions and aid in the improvement of focal and effective treatments for patients with LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Ishii
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yamanishi
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kamasako
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chiharu Shibata
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Miki Fuse
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kaga
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kanya Kaga
- Continence Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Utsumomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hassan Nahas
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Billy Y S Yiu
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoshifumi Saijo
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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22
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Takeuchi Y, Murayama Y, Aita Y, Mehrazad Saber Z, Karkoutly S, Tao D, Katabami K, Ye C, Shikama A, Masuda Y, Izumida Y, Miyamoto T, Matsuzaka T, Kawakami Y, Shimano H, Yahagi N. GR-KLF15 pathway controls hepatic lipogenesis during fasting. FEBS J 2024; 291:259-271. [PMID: 37702262 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
During periods of fasting, the body undergoes a metabolic shift from carbohydrate utilization to the use of fats and ketones as an energy source, as well as the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis and the initiation of gluconeogenesis in the liver. The transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), which plays a critical role in the regulation of lipogenesis, is suppressed during fasting, resulting in the suppression of hepatic lipogenesis. We previously demonstrated that the interaction of fasting-induced Kruppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) with liver X receptor serves as the essential mechanism for the nutritional regulation of SREBP-1 expression. However, the underlying mechanisms of KLF15 induction during fasting remain unclear. In this study, we show that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulates the hepatic expression of KLF15 and, subsequently, lipogenesis through the KLF15-SREBP-1 pathway during fasting. KLF15 is necessary for the suppression of SREBP-1 by GR, as demonstrated through experiments using KLF15 knockout mice. Additionally, we show that GR is involved in the fasting response, with heightened binding to the KLF15 enhancer. It has been widely known that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulates the secretion of glucocorticoids and plays a significant role in the metabolic response to undernutrition. These findings demonstrate the importance of the HPA-axis-regulated GR-KLF15 pathway in the regulation of lipid metabolism in the liver during fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yuki Murayama
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuichi Aita
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Zahra Mehrazad Saber
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Samia Karkoutly
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Duhan Tao
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kyoka Katabami
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chen Ye
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akito Shikama
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukari Masuda
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Izumida
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Miyamoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawakami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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23
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Miyamoto S, Nishiyama T, Ueno A, Park H, Kanno T, Nakamura N, Ozono S, Aihara K, Takahashi K, Tsuchihashi Y, Ishikane M, Arashiro T, Saito S, Ainai A, Hirata Y, Iida S, Katano H, Tobiume M, Tokunaga K, Fujimoto T, Suzuki M, Nagashima M, Nakagawa H, Narita M, Kato Y, Igari H, Fujita K, Kato T, Hiyama K, Shindou K, Adachi T, Fukushima K, Nakamura-Uchiyama F, Hase R, Yoshimura Y, Yamato M, Nozaki Y, Ohmagari N, Suzuki M, Saito T, Iwami S, Suzuki T. Infectious virus shedding duration reflects secretory IgA antibody response latency after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314808120. [PMID: 38134196 PMCID: PMC10756199 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314808120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious virus shedding from individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is used to estimate human-to-human transmission risk. Control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission requires identifying the immune correlates that protect infectious virus shedding. Mucosal immunity prevents infection by SARS-CoV-2, which replicates in the respiratory epithelium and spreads rapidly to other hosts. However, whether mucosal immunity prevents the shedding of the infectious virus in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals is unknown. We examined the relationship between viral RNA shedding dynamics, duration of infectious virus shedding, and mucosal antibody responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anti-spike secretory IgA antibodies (S-IgA) reduced viral RNA load and infectivity more than anti-spike IgG/IgA antibodies in infected nasopharyngeal samples. Compared with the IgG/IgA response, the anti-spike S-IgA post-infection responses affected the viral RNA shedding dynamics and predicted the duration of infectious virus shedding regardless of the immune history. These findings highlight the importance of anti-spike S-IgA responses in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 for preventing infectious virus shedding and SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Developing medical countermeasures to shorten S-IgA response time may help control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and prevent future respiratory virus pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Takara Nishiyama
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Akira Ueno
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Hyeongki Park
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanno
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Seiya Ozono
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Takahashi
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Yuuki Tsuchihashi
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
- Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishikane
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arashiro
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Ainai
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Harutaka Katano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Minoru Tobiume
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Tsuguto Fujimoto
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Michiyo Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Maki Nagashima
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nakagawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka534-0021, Japan
| | - Masashi Narita
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center, Okinawa901-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kato
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba286-0124, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infection Control, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Okinawa901-2214, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kato
- Department of Chest Disease, National Hospital Organization Nagara Medical Center, Gifu502-8558, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hiyama
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka811-3195, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindou
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirakata City Hospital, Osaka573-1013, Japan
| | - Takuya Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Toshima Hospital, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fukushima
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo113-8677, Japan
| | | | - Ryota Hase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba286-8523, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Infectious Disease, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital, Kanagawa221-0855, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamato
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rinku General Medical Center 598-8577, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nozaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokoname City Hospital, Aichi479-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Tomoya Saito
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka819-0395, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program, RIKEN, Saitama351-0198, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo135-8550, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka810-0041, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
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24
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Okawara H, Iwasawa Y, Sawada T, Sugai K, Daigo K, Seki Y, Ichihara G, Nakashima D, Sano M, Nakamura M, Sato K, Fukuda K, Katsumata Y. Anaerobic threshold using sweat lactate sensor under hypoxia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22865. [PMID: 38129473 PMCID: PMC10739691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of sweat lactate threshold (sLT) measurement based on the real-time monitoring of the transition in sweat lactate levels (sLA) under hypoxic exercise. In this cross-sectional study, 20 healthy participants who underwent exercise tests using respiratory gas analysis under hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2], 15.4 ± 0.8%) in addition to normoxia (FiO2, 20.9%) were included; we simultaneously monitored sLA transition using a wearable lactate sensor. The initial significant elevation in sLA over the baseline was defined as sLT. Under hypoxia, real-time dynamic changes in sLA were successfully visualized, including a rapid, continual rise until volitionary exhaustion and a progressive reduction in the recovery phase. High intra- and inter-evaluator reliability was demonstrated for sLT's repeat determinations (0.782 [0.607-0.898] and 0.933 [0.841-0.973]) as intraclass correlation coefficients [95% confidence interval]. sLT correlated with ventilatory threshold (VT) (r = 0.70, p < 0.01). A strong agreement was found in the Bland-Altman plot (mean difference/mean average time: - 15.5/550.8 s) under hypoxia. Our wearable device enabled continuous and real-time lactate assessment in sweat under hypoxic conditions in healthy participants with high reliability and validity, providing additional information to detect anaerobic thresholds in hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okawara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwasawa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Sawada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sugai
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyohei Daigo
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Seki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genki Ichihara
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sato
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katsumata
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Horisawa K, Miura S, Araki H, Miura F, Ito T, Suzuki A. Transcription factor-mediated direct cellular reprogramming yields cell-type specific DNA methylation signature. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22317. [PMID: 38102164 PMCID: PMC10724236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct reprogramming, inducing the conversion of one type of somatic cell into another by the forced expression of defined transcription factors, is a technology with anticipated medical applications. However, due to the many unresolved aspects of the induction mechanisms, it is essential to thoroughly analyze the epigenomic state of the generated cells. Here, we performed comparative genome-wide DNA methylation analyses of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and cells composing organoids formed by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) or induced ISCs (iISCs) that were directly induced from MEFs. We found that the CpG methylation state was similar between cells forming ISC organoids and iISC organoids, while they differed widely from those in MEFs. Moreover, genomic regions that were differentially methylated between ISC organoid- and iISC organoid-forming cells did not significantly affect gene expression. These results demonstrate the accuracy and safety of iISC induction, leading to the medical applications of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Horisawa
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shizuka Miura
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Araki
- Insect Science and Creative Entomology Center, Kyushu University Graduate School of Agriculture, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumihito Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Takahashi Y, Fujita H, Seino Y, Hattori S, Hidaka S, Miyakawa T, Suzuki A, Waki H, Yabe D, Seino Y, Yamada Y. Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor antagonism suppresses intramuscular adipose tissue accumulation and ameliorates sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2703-2718. [PMID: 37897141 PMCID: PMC10751449 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) formation derived from muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) has been recognized as a pathological feature of sarcopenia. This study aimed to explore whether genetic and pharmacological gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor antagonism suppresses IMAT accumulation and ameliorates sarcopenia in mice. METHODS Whole body composition, grip strength, skeletal muscle weight, tibialis anterior (TA) muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) and TA muscle IMAT area were measured in young and aged male C57BL/6 strain GIP receptor (Gipr)-knockout (Gipr-/- ) and wild-type (Gipr+/+ ) mice. FAPs isolated from lower limb muscles of 12-week-old Gipr+/+ mice were cultured with GIP, and their differentiation into mature adipocytes was examined. Furthermore, TA muscle IMAT area and fibre CSA were measured in untreated Gipr-/- mice and GIP receptor antagonist-treated Gipr+/+ mice after glycerol injection into the TA muscles. RESULTS Body composition analysis revealed that 104-week-old Gipr-/- mice had a greater proportion of lean tissue mass (73.7 ± 1.2% vs. 66.5 ± 2.7%, P < 0.05 vs. 104-week-old Gipr+/+ mice) and less adipose tissue mass (13.1 ± 1.3% vs. 19.4 ± 2.6%, P < 0.05 vs. 104-week-old Gipr+/+ mice). Eighty-four-week-old Gipr-/- mice exhibited increases in grip strength (P < 0.05), weights of TA (P < 0.05), soleus (P < 0.01), gastrocnemius (P < 0.05) and quadriceps femoris (P < 0.01) muscles, and average TA muscle fibre CSA (P < 0.05) along with a reduction in TA muscle IMAT area assessed by the number of perilipin-positive cells (P < 0.0001) compared with 84-week-old Gipr+/+ mice. Oil Red O staining analysis revealed 1.6- and 1.7-fold increased adipogenesis in muscle FAPs cultured with 10 and 100 nM of GIP (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 vs. 0 nM of GIP, respectively). Furthermore, both untreated Gipr-/- mice and GIP receptor antagonist-treated Gipr+/+ mice for 14 days after glycerol injection into the TA muscles at 12 weeks of age showed reduced TA muscle IMAT area (1.39 ± 0.38% and 2.65 ± 0.36% vs. 6.54 ± 1.30%, P < 0.001 and P < 0.01 vs. untreated Gipr+/+ mice, respectively) and increased average TA muscle fibre CSA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 vs. untreated Gipr+/+ mice, respectively). CONCLUSIONS GIP promotes the differentiation of muscle FAPs into adipocytes and its receptor antagonism suppresses IMAT accumulation and promotes muscle regeneration. Pharmacological GIP receptor antagonism may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Takahashi
- Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Hiroki Fujita
- Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKyotoJapan
| | - Satoko Hattori
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Shihomi Hidaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical ScienceFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Hironori Waki
- Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKyotoJapan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational ResearchGifu UniversityGifuJapan
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKyotoJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKyotoJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
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Kanai Y, Onishi M, Yoshida Y, Kotaki T, Minami S, Nouda R, Yamasaki M, Enoki Y, Kobayashi T. Genetic engineering strategy for generating a stable dsRNA virus vector using a virus-like codon-modified transgene. J Virol 2023; 97:e0049223. [PMID: 37732784 PMCID: PMC10617491 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00492-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The stabilities of transgenes in RNA virus vectors differ between the genes of interest, but the molecular mechanisms determining genetic stability remain unknown. This study demonstrated that the stability of a transgene was affected by the nucleotide composition, and altering the codon usage of transgenes to resemble that of the viral genome significantly increased transgene stability in double-stranded RNA virus vectors. The virus-like codon modification strategy enabled generation of stable rotavirus and mammalian orthoreovirus vectors, which could be developed as machinery for gene delivery to the intestines and/or respiratory organs. This technology has further potential to be expanded to other RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kanai
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misa Onishi
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukino Yoshida
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kotaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Minami
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Nouda
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Moeko Yamasaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Enoki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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28
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Shiraishi N, Sakata M, Toyomoto R, Yoshida K, Luo Y, Nakagami Y, Tajika A, Watanabe T, Sahker E, Uwatoko T, Shimamoto T, Iwami T, Furukawa TA. Dynamics of depressive states among university students in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:38. [PMID: 37814328 PMCID: PMC10563354 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was reported to have increased depression among university students which was associated with impairments in their campus lives. This study examined changes in depressive states among Japanese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A secondary data analysis from a factorial randomized controlled trial involving smartphone-based cognitive-behavioral therapy was performed. Six cohorts (N = 1626) underwent an 8-week intervention during the spring or autumn of 2019-2021, with a 9-month follow-up. We evaluated participants' depressive states weekly using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) during the intervention, with monthly evaluations thereafter. The follow-up periods included Japan's four states of emergency (SOEs) to control COVID-19. Hypothesizing that SOEs caused a sudden worsening of depressive states, Study 1 compared the cohorts' PHQ-9 scores, and Study 2 employed time series analysis with a mixed-effects model to estimate identified changes in PHQ-9 scores. RESULTS Although no changes in depressive states were observed in relation to the SOEs, Study 1 identified sudden increases in PHQ-9 scores at the 28-week evaluation point, which corresponded to the beginning of the new academic year for the three autumn cohorts. In contrast, the three spring cohorts did not exhibit similar changes. Study 2 showed that, for all three autumn cohorts (n = 522), the 0.60-point change was significant (95% CI 0.42-0.78; p < .001) at 28 weeks; that is, when their timeline was interrupted. CONCLUSIONS While the results do not indicate any notable impact of the SOEs, they highlight the influence of the new academic year on university students' mental health during COVID-19. Trial registration UMIN, CTR-000031307. Registered on February 14, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shiraishi
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - M Sakata
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R Toyomoto
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakagami
- Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Tajika
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - E Sahker
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical Education Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Uwatoko
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Shimamoto
- Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Iwami
- Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Kojima Y, Mishiro-Sato E, Fujishita T, Satoh K, Kajino-Sakamoto R, Oze I, Nozawa K, Narita Y, Ogata T, Matsuo K, Muro K, Taketo MM, Soga T, Aoki M. Decreased liver B vitamin-related enzymes as a metabolic hallmark of cancer cachexia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6246. [PMID: 37803016 PMCID: PMC10558488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41952-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a complex metabolic disorder accounting for ~20% of cancer-related deaths, yet its metabolic landscape remains unexplored. Here, we report a decrease in B vitamin-related liver enzymes as a hallmark of systemic metabolic changes occurring in cancer cachexia. Metabolomics of multiple mouse models highlights cachexia-associated reductions of niacin, vitamin B6, and a glycine-related subset of one-carbon (C1) metabolites in the liver. Integration of proteomics and metabolomics reveals that liver enzymes related to niacin, vitamin B6, and glycine-related C1 enzymes dependent on B vitamins decrease linearly with their associated metabolites, likely reflecting stoichiometric cofactor-enzyme interactions. The decrease of B vitamin-related enzymes is also found to depend on protein abundance and cofactor subtype. These metabolic/proteomic changes and decreased protein malonylation, another cachexia feature identified by protein post-translational modification analysis, are reflected in blood samples from mouse models and gastric cancer patients with cachexia, underscoring the clinical relevance of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Kojima
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan.
| | - Emi Mishiro-Sato
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Satoh
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Rie Kajino-Sakamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nozawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yukiya Narita
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ogata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Kei Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Makoto Mark Taketo
- Colon Cancer Project, Kyoto University Hospital-iACT, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aoki
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan.
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
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30
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Murakami T, Nakamura T, Fujimoto H, Fujikura J, Shimizu Y, Miyake KK, Otani D, Sakaki K, Kiyobayashi S, Anazawa T, Nakamoto Y, Inagaki N. Noninvasive evaluation of donor and native pancreases following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation using positron emission tomography/computed tomography. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:1187-1191. [PMID: 37377043 PMCID: PMC10512903 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to develop practical and noninvasive methods to assess the functional beta-cell mass in a donor pancreas, in which monitoring and precise evaluation is challenging. A patient with type 1 diabetes underwent noninvasive imaging following simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using an exendin-based probe, [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4. Following transplantation, PET imaging with [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 revealed simultaneous and distinct accumulations in the donor and native pancreases. The pancreases were outlined at a reasonable distance from the surrounding organs using [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 whole-body maximum intensity projection and axial PET images. At 1 and 2 h after [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 administration, the mean standardized uptake values were 2.96 and 3.08, respectively, in the donor pancreas and 1.97 and 2.25, respectively, in the native pancreas. [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 positron emission tomography imaging allowed repeatable and quantitative assessment of beta-cell mass following simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Toshihiro Nakamura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and EnvironmentKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Junji Fujikura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kanae K. Miyake
- Department of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Daisuke Otani
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kentaro Sakaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takayuki Anazawa
- Division of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, PIIF Tazuke‐kofukaiOsakaJapan
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31
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Sato RY, Kotake K, Zhang Y, Onishi H, Matsui F, Norimoto H, Zhou Z. Methyl vinyl ketone impairs spatial memory and activates hippocampal glial cells in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289714. [PMID: 37651419 PMCID: PMC10470879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory is a fundamental brain function that can be affected by a variety of external factors including environmental pollutants. One of these pollutants is methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), a hazardous substance found in cigarettes, industrial wastes, and car exhaust. Humans can be exposed to MVK under many circumstances; however, it is unclear whether MVK affects higher-order brain functions such as memory. Here, we examined the memory performances of mice receiving systemic MVK administration. We found that 1 mg/kg of MVK impaired spatial memory. We also showed that 1 mg/kg MVK activated glial cells and altered glial functions in several subregions of the hippocampus, a brain region involved in learning and memory. These results suggest that MVK induces memory deficits and activates glial cells in hippocampal subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Y. Sato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koki Kotake
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Futaba Matsui
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Norimoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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32
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Sasaki M, Yamamoto K, Ueda T, Irokawa H, Takeda K, Sekine R, Itoh F, Tanaka Y, Kuge S, Shibata N. One-carbon metabolizing enzyme ALDH1L1 influences mitochondrial metabolism through 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide accumulation and serine depletion, contributing to tumor suppression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13486. [PMID: 37596270 PMCID: PMC10439146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells generally require large amounts of nucleotides, and thus activate de novo purine synthesis (dnPS). In the dnPS reactions, 10-formyltetrahydorofolate (10-fTHF) supplied by one-carbon metabolism is utilized as a formyl group donor. We focused on aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), which metabolizes 10-fTHF to tetrahydrofolate and whose expression is often attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We generated ALDH1L1-expressing HuH-7 cells to perform metabolome analysis and found that intracellular levels of serine were reduced and glycine was increased. In addition, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ZMP), a dnPS intermediate, accumulated due to the consumption of 10-fTHF by ALDH1L1, which inhibited ZMP formylation. Importantly, ALDH1L1-expressing cells showed reduced ZMP sensitivity and higher mitochondrial activity. The suppression of mitochondrial serine catabolism by ALDH1L1 expression was speculated to be closely related to this phenotype. Gene set enrichment analysis utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas data revealed that genes related to oxidative phosphorylation were enriched in HCC patients with high ALDH1L1 expression. Moreover, drug sensitivity data analysis demonstrated that HCC cell lines with low expression of ALDH1L1 were sensitive to ZMP and cordycepin, a structural analog of ZMP and AMP. Our study revealed that ZMP and AMP analogs might be effective in the pharmacotherapy of HCC patients with low expression of ALDH1L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Sasaki
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hayato Irokawa
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kouki Takeda
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ryoya Sekine
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Fumie Itoh
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tanaka
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Shusuke Kuge
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibata
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsusima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
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Nakamura Y, Matsumoto H, Wu CH, Fukaya D, Uni R, Hirakawa Y, Katagiri M, Yamada S, Ko T, Nomura S, Wada Y, Komuro I, Nangaku M, Inagi R, Inoue T. Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors signaling boosts cell-cell interactions in macrophages effecting anti-inflammatory and organ protection. Commun Biol 2023; 6:666. [PMID: 37353597 PMCID: PMC10290099 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) via vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to improve acute kidney injury in rodent models. While alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) positive macrophages are thought to play a crucial role in this pathway, their in vivo significance has not been fully understood. In this study, we used macrophage-specific α7nAChR-deficient mice to confirm the direct activation of α7nAChRs in macrophages. Our findings indicate that the administration of GTS-21, an α7nAChR-specific agonist, protects injured kidneys in wild-type mice but not in macrophage-specific α7nAChR-deficient mice. To investigate the signal changes or cell reconstructions induced by α7nAChR activation in splenocytes, we conducted single-cell RNA-sequencing of the spleen. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed an increase in macrophage-macrophage interactions. Using macrophage-derived cell lines, we demonstrated that GTS-21 increases cell contact, and that the contact between macrophages receiving α7nAChR signals leads to a reduction in TNF-α. Our results suggest that α7nAChR signaling increases macrophage-macrophage interactions in the spleen and has a protective effect on the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuna Nakamura
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsumoto
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Department of Nephrology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of CKD pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirakawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Katagiri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
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Yasuda T, Harada N, Hatoko T, Ichimura A, Ikeguchi-Ogura E, Murata Y, Wada N, Kiyobayashi S, Yamane S, Hirasawa A, Inagaki N. Inhibition of GPR120 signaling in intestine ameliorates insulin resistance and fatty liver under high-fat diet feeding. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E449-E460. [PMID: 37074989 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00329.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 is expressed in enteroendocrine cells secreting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and cholecystokinin (CCK). Although GPR120 signaling in adipose tissue and macrophages has been reported to ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance on high long-chain triglyceride (LCT) diet, intestine-specific roles of GPR120 are unclear. To clarify the metabolic effect of GPR120 in intestine, we generated intestine-specific GPR120-knockout (GPR120int-/-) mice. In comparison with floxed GPR120 (WT) mice, GPR120int-/- mice exhibited reduced GIP secretion and CCK action without change of insulin, GLP-1, or peptide YY (PYY) secretion after single administration of LCT. Under a high-LCT diet, GPR120int-/- mice showed mild reduction of body weight and substantial amelioration of insulin resistance and fatty liver. Moreover, liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) of GPR120int-/- mice exhibited increased Akt phosphorylation and reduced gene expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3, which inhibits insulin signaling. In addition, gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in WAT and lipogenic molecules in liver were reduced in GPR120int-/- mice. These findings suggest that inhibition of GPR120 signaling in intestine ameliorates insulin resistance and fatty liver under high-LCT diet feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Yasuda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hatoko
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Ikeguchi-Ogura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Murata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Wada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Hirasawa
- Department of Genomic Drug Discovery Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- P.I.I.F. Tazuke-Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Kamiya T, Kadowaki M, Atobe T, Kunieda K, Morimoto K, Hara H. Inhibition of N-glycosylation by glucosamine hydrochloride inhibits TGF-β1-induced LOXL2 secretion. J Cell Biochem 2023. [PMID: 37062903 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is closely associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, copper-containing secretory amine oxidases, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX-like 1-4 (LOXL1-4), play pivotal roles in the regulation of extracellular components and facilitate fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the regulation of LOX enzymes in human tubular epithelial HK2 cells to help clarify the role of LOX enzymes in kidney fibrosis. Among 5 LOX enzymes, LOXL2 expression is abundantly expressed in HK2 cells. LOX enzymes inhibitor, β-aminopropionitrile, suppressed transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition processes in HK2 cells, indicating that LOX enzymes are involved in TGF-β1-mediated fibrotic processes. Recent studies suggest that LOX enzymes are secreted into the extracellular spaces by exosomes and promote fibrotic processes. Similar to the previous reports, we observed that exosomes secreted from HK2 cells carry LOXL2 into the extracellular spaces. Furthermore, we determined that N-glycosylation on the asparagine residues plays a key role in LOXL2 secretion. Amino acid mutations in three asparagine residues, which can be glycosylated, suppressed the secretion of mutated LOXL2. Moreover, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5, an enzyme used for the biosynthesis of β1,6N-acetylglucosamine-branched N-glycans, participated in LOXL2 secretion, and the N-glycosylation inhibitor, glucosamine hydrochloride (GS), inhibited TGF-β1-mediated LOXL2 secretion and fibrotic processes. Overall, TGF-β1 promotes LOXL2 secretion and may participate in kidney fibrosis. Our results provide novel insight into the antifibrotic properties of GS that contribute to the inhibition of CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Kamiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mai Kadowaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Taku Atobe
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kana Kunieda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koki Morimoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Teng D, Ueda K, Honda T. Impact of Borna Disease Virus Infection on the Transcriptome of Differentiated Neuronal Cells and Its Modulation by Antiviral Treatment. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040942. [PMID: 37112922 PMCID: PMC10145824 DOI: 10.3390/v15040942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Borna disease virus (BoDV-1) is a highly neurotropic RNA virus that causes neurobehavioral disturbances such as abnormal social activities and memory impairment. Although impairments in the neural circuits caused by BoDV-1 infection induce these disturbances, the molecular basis remains unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether anti-BoDV-1 treatments can attenuate BoDV-1-mediated transcriptomic changes in neuronal cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of BoDV-1 infection on neuronal differentiation and the transcriptome of differentiated neuronal cells using persistently BoDV-1-infected cells. Although BoDV-1 infection did not have a detectable effect on intracellular neuronal differentiation processes, differentiated neuronal cells exhibited transcriptomic changes in differentiation-related genes. Some of these transcriptomic changes, such as the decrease in the expression of apoptosis-related genes, were recovered by anti-BoDV-1 treatment, while alterations in the expression of other genes remained after treatment. We further demonstrated that a decrease in cell viability induced by differentiation processes in BoDV-1-infected cells can be relieved with anti-BoDV-1 treatment. This study provides fundamental information regarding transcriptomic changes after BoDV-1 infection and the treatment in neuronal cells.
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Grants
- JP18H02664 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP18K19449 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP21H02738 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP22K19436 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- none Takeda Science Foundation
- none Kobayashi International Scholarship Foundation
- none Naito Foundation
- none Suzuken Memorial Foundation
- none SEI Group CSR Foundation
- none Ryobi Teien Memory Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Teng
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiji Ueda
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Honda
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Torii S, Kim KS, Koseki J, Suzuki R, Iwanami S, Fujita Y, Jeong YD, Ito J, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Sato K, Matsuura Y, Shimamura T, Iwami S, Fukuhara T. Increased flexibility of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-binding site causes resistance to remdesivir. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011231. [PMID: 36972312 PMCID: PMC10089321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations continue to accumulate within the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and the ongoing epidemic has shown no signs of ending. It is critical to predict problematic mutations that may arise in clinical environments and assess their properties in advance to quickly implement countermeasures against future variant infections. In this study, we identified mutations resistant to remdesivir, which is widely administered to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, and discuss the cause of resistance. First, we simultaneously constructed eight recombinant viruses carrying the mutations detected in in vitro serial passages of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of remdesivir. We confirmed that all the mutant viruses didn’t gain the virus production efficiency without remdesivir treatment. Time course analyses of cellular virus infections showed significantly higher infectious titers and infection rates in mutant viruses than wild type virus under treatment with remdesivir. Next, we developed a mathematical model in consideration of the changing dynamic of cells infected with mutant viruses with distinct propagation properties and defined that mutations detected in in vitro passages canceled the antiviral activities of remdesivir without raising virus production capacity. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations of the NSP12 protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealed that the molecular vibration around the RNA-binding site was increased by the introduction of mutations on NSP12. Taken together, we identified multiple mutations that affected the flexibility of the RNA binding site and decreased the antiviral activity of remdesivir. Our new insights will contribute to developing further antiviral measures against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Torii
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shoya Iwanami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yong Dam Jeong
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (TS); (SI); (TF)
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (TS); (SI); (TF)
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (TS); (SI); (TF)
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (TS); (SI); (TF)
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Nakamura T, Koga-Ogawa Y, Fujimiya K, Chirifu M, Goto M, Ikemizu S, Nakabeppu Y, Yamagata Y. Protonation states of Asp residues in the human Nudix hydrolase MTH1 contribute to its broad substrate recognition. FEBS Lett 2023. [PMID: 36914375 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Human MutT homolog 1 (MTH1), also known as Nudix-type motif 1 (NUDT1), hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGTP and 2-oxo-dATP with broad substrate recognition and has attracted attention in anticancer therapeutics. Previous studies on MTH1 have proposed that the exchange of the protonation state between Asp119 and Asp120 is essential for the broad substrate recognition of MTH1. To understand the relationship between protonation states and substrate binding, we determined the crystal structures of MTH1 at pH 7.7-9.7. With increasing pH, MTH1 gradually loses its substrate-binding ability, indicating that Asp119 is deprotonated at pH 8.0-9.1 in 8-oxo-dGTP recognition and Asp120 is deprotonated at pH 8.6-9.7 in 2-oxo-dATP recognition. These results confirm that MTH1 recognizes 8-oxo-dGTP and 2-oxo-dATP by exchanging the protonation state between Asp119 and Asp120 with higher pKa .
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruya Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yukari Koga-Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Institute of Medical Science, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Mami Chirifu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Ikemizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yusaku Nakabeppu
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuriko Yamagata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Shokei University and Shokei University Junior College, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ohnishi M, Akagi M, Kotsuki M, Yonemura S, Aokawa H, Yamashita-Ibara M, Yokofujita O, Maehara S, Hata T, Inoue A. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase is responsible for low stress tolerance after intracerebral hemorrhage. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273037. [PMID: 36753496 PMCID: PMC9907831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the chronic phase after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the aftereffect-associated lowering of motivation burdens many patients; however, the pathogenic mechanism is unclear. Here, we revealed for the first time that indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and enzyme activity are increased in the collagenase-induced murine ICH model. IDO is a rate-limiting enzyme situated at the beginning of the kynurenine pathway and converts tryptophan, a source of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), to kynurenine. In this study, we showed that IDO is localized in 5-HTergic neurons. After ICH, the synaptosomal 5-HT level decreased, but this effect was neutralized by subcutaneous injections of 1-methyl tryptophan (MT), a specific IDO inhibitor. These results suggest that ICH-induced IDO weakens the activity of 5-HTergic neurons. Accordingly, we next investigated whether the IDO increase contributes to the depression-like behaviors of ICH mice. The immobility times of tail suspension and forced swimming tests were significantly prolonged after ICH but shortened by the administration of 1-MT. In conclusion, the increased IDO after ICH was found to decrease 5-HT levels and subsequently reduce stress tolerance. These findings indicate that IDO is a novel therapeutic target for the ICH aftereffect-associated lowering of motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Marina Akagi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mako Kotsuki
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seishi Yonemura
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hikari Aokawa
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Maki Yamashita-Ibara
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokofujita
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoji Maehara
- Department of Physical Chemistry for Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hata
- Department of Physical Chemistry for Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Inoue
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
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40
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Sakata M, Toyomoto R, Yoshida K, Luo Y, Nakagami Y, Uwatoko T, Shimamoto T, Tajika A, Suga H, Ito H, Sumi M, Muto T, Ito M, Ichikawa H, Ikegawa M, Shiraishi N, Watanabe T, Sahker E, Ogawa Y, Hollon SD, Collins LM, Watkins ER, Wason J, Noma H, Horikoshi M, Iwami T, Furukawa TA. Components of smartphone cognitive-behavioural therapy for subthreshold depression among 1093 university students: a factorial trial. Evid Based Ment Health 2022; 25:e18-e25. [PMID: 35577537 PMCID: PMC9811098 DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2022-300455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT) is effective for subthreshold depression. However, which skills provided in iCBT packages are more effective than others is unclear. Such knowledge can inform construction of more effective and efficient iCBT programmes. OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of five components of iCBT for subthreshold depression. METHODS We conducted an factorial trial using a smartphone app, randomly allocating presence or absence of five iCBT skills including self-monitoring, behavioural activation (BA), cognitive restructuring (CR), assertiveness training (AT) and problem-solving. Participants were university students with subthreshold depression. The primary outcome was the change on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) from baseline to week 8. Secondary outcomes included changes in CBT skills. FINDINGS We randomised a total of 1093 participants. In all groups, participants had a significant PHQ-9 reduction from baseline to week 8. Depression reduction was not significantly different between presence or absence of any component, with corresponding standardised mean differences (negative values indicate specific efficacy in favour of the component) ranging between -0.04 (95% CI -0.16 to 0.08) for BA and 0.06 (95% CI -0.06 to 0.18) for AT. Specific CBT skill improvements were noted for CR and AT but not for the others. CONCLUSIONS There was significant reduction in depression for all participants regardless of the presence and absence of the examined iCBT components. CLINICAL IMPLICATION We cannot yet make evidence-based recommendations for specific iCBT components. We suggest that future iCBT optimisation research should scrutinise the amount and structure of components to examine. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMINCTR-000031307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Sakata
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Toyomoto
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yoshida
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Teruhisa Uwatoko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Aran Tajika
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ito
- Ritsumeikan Medical Service Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Muto
- Faculty of Psychology, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Ito
- Department of Life Design, Biwako Gakuin University, Higashiomi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Department of Medical Life Systems, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Ikegawa
- Department of Medical Life Systems, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nao Shiraishi
- Department of Psychitary and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takafumi Watanabe
- Department of Psychitary and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ethan Sahker
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
- Population Health and Policy Research Unit, Medical Education Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogawa
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Steven D Hollon
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Linda M Collins
- Department of Scoial and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - James Wason
- Population Health Scineces Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hisashi Noma
- Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Horikoshi
- National Center of Neurology and psychiatry/National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Iwami
- Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshi A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
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Sanada Y, Ikuta Y, Ding C, Shinohara M, Yimiti D, Ishitobi H, Nagira K, Lee M, Akimoto T, Shibata S, Ishikawa M, Nakasa T, Matsubara K, Lotz MK, Adachi N, Miyaki S. Senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8) in male as a spontaneous osteoarthritis model. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:235. [PMID: 36258202 PMCID: PMC9578281 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models of spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) are sparse and not well characterized. The purpose of the present study is to examine OA-related changes and mechanisms in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) that displays a phenotype of accelerated aging. METHODS: Knees of male SAMP8 and SAM-resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice as control from 6 to 33 weeks of age were evaluated by histological grading systems for joint tissues (cartilage, meniscus, synovium, and subchondral bone), and µCT analysis. Gene expression patterns in articular cartilage were analyzed by real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed for OA-related factors, senescence markers, and apoptosis. RESULTS Starting at 14 weeks of age, SAMP8 exhibited mild OA-like changes such as proteoglycan loss and cartilage fibrillation. From 18 to 33 weeks of age, SAMP8 progressed to partial or full-thickness defects with exposure of subchondral bone on the medial tibia and exhibited synovitis. Histological scoring indicated significantly more severe OA in SAMP8 compared with SAMR1 from 14 weeks [median (interquartile range): SAMR1: 0.89 (0.56-1.81) vs SAMP8: 1.78 (1.35-4.62)] to 33 weeks of age [SAMR1: 1.67 (1.61-1.04) vs SAMP8: 13.03 (12.26-13.57)]. Subchondral bone sclerosis in the medial tibia, bone mineral density (BMD) loss of femoral metaphysis, and meniscus degeneration occurred much earlier than the onset of cartilage degeneration in SAMP8 at 14 weeks of age. CONCLUSIONS SAMP8 are a spontaneous OA model that is useful for investigating the pathogenesis of primary OA and evaluating therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sanada
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasunari Ikuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chenyang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinohara
- Department of Rehabilitation for the Movement Functions, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons With Disabilities, Saitama, Japan
| | - Dilimulati Yimiti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishitobi
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keita Nagira
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Minjung Lee
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Sachi Shibata
- Department of Human Life Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ishikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakasa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kiminori Matsubara
- Department of Human Life Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Martin K Lotz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Shoji F, Yamashita T, Kinoshita F, Takamori S, Fujishita T, Toyozawa R, Ito K, Yamazaki K, Nakashima N, Okamoto T. Artificial intelligence-derived gut microbiome as a predictive biomarker for therapeutic response to immunotherapy in lung cancer: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, observational study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061674. [PMID: 35676015 PMCID: PMC9185567 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapy is the fourth leading therapy for lung cancer following surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recently, several studies have reported about the potential association between the gut microbiome and therapeutic response to immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the specific composition of the gut microbiome or combination of gut microbes that truly predict the efficacy of immunotherapy is not definitive. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The present multicentre, prospective, observational study aims to discover the specific composition of the gut microbiome or combination of gut microbes predicting the therapeutic response to immunotherapy in lung cancer using artificial intelligence. The main inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) pathologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic or postoperative recurrent lung cancer including non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer; (2) age≥20 years at the time of informed consent; (3) planned treatment with immunotherapy including combination therapy and monotherapy, as the first-line immunotherapy; and (4) ability to provide faecal samples. In total, 400 patients will be enrolled prospectively. Enrolment will begin in 2021, and the final analyses will be completed by 2024. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board of each participating centre in 2021 (Kyushu Cancer Center, IRB approved No. 2021-13, 8 June 2021 and Kyushu Medical Center, IRB approved No. 21-076, 31 August 2021). Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000046428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Shoji
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Fumihiko Kinoshita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinkichi Takamori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Fujishita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Toyozawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kensaku Ito
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Yamazaki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organisation Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakashima
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Okamoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kobayashi Y, Fukuhara D, Akase D, Aida M, Ui-Tei K. siRNA Seed Region Is Divided into Two Functionally Different Domains in RNA Interference in Response to 2'-OMe Modifications. ACS Omega 2022; 7:2398-2410. [PMID: 35071927 PMCID: PMC8771963 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In RNA interference (RNAi), small interfering RNA (siRNA) functions to suppress the expression of its target mRNA with perfect sequence complementarity. In a mechanism different from above, siRNA also suppresses unintended mRNAs with partial sequence complementarities, mainly to the siRNA seed region (nucleotides 2-8). This mechanism is largely utilized by microRNAs (miRNAs) and results in siRNA-mediated off-target effects. Thus, the siRNA seed region is considered to be involved in both RNAi and off-target effects. In this study, we revealed that the impact of 2'-O-methyl (2'-OMe) modification is different according to the nucleotide positions. The 2'-OMe modifications of nucleotides 2-5 inhibited off-target effects without affecting on-target RNAi activities. In contrast, 2'-OMe modifications of nucleotides 6-8 increased both RNAi and off-target activities. The computational simulation revealed that the structural change induced by 2'-OMe modifications interrupts base pairing between siRNA and target/off-target mRNAs at nucleotides 2-5 but enhances at nucleotides 6-8. Thus, our results suggest that siRNA seed region consists of two functionally different domains in response to 2'-OMe modifications: nucleotides 2-5 are essential for avoiding off-target effects, and nucleotides 6-8 are involved in the enhancement of both RNAi and off-target activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kobayashi
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daiki Fukuhara
- Center
for Quantum Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Dai Akase
- Center
for Quantum Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Misako Aida
- Center
for Quantum Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ui-Tei
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department
of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of
Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- . Phone: +81-3-5841-3044. Fax: +81-3-5841-3044
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Nakajima T, Kanno T, Yokoyama S, Sasamoto S, Asou HK, Tumes DJ, Ohara O, Nakayama T, Endo Y. ACC1-expressing pathogenic T helper 2 cell populations facilitate lung and skin inflammation in mice. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210639. [PMID: 34813654 PMCID: PMC8614157 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells possess distinguishing effector functions and drive inflammatory disorders. We have previously identified IL-5-producing Th2 cells as the pathogenic population predominantly involved in the pathology of allergic inflammation. However, the cell-intrinsic signaling pathways that control the pathogenic Th2 cell function are still unclear. We herein report the high expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in the pathogenic CD4+ T cell population in the lung and skin. The genetic deletion of CD4+ T cell-intrinsic ACC1 dampened eosinophilic and basophilic inflammation in the lung and skin by constraining IL-5 or IL-3 production. Mechanistically, ACC1-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis induces the pathogenic cytokine production of CD4+ T cells via metabolic reprogramming and the availability of acetyl-CoA for epigenetic regulation. We thus identified a distinct phenotype of the pathogenic T cell population in the lung and skin, and ACC1 was shown to be an essential regulator controlling the pathogenic function of these populations to promote type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigemi Sasamoto
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hikari K. Asou
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Damon J. Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Omics Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Imashiro C, Takeshita H, Morikura T, Miyata S, Takemura K, Komotori J. Development of accurate temperature regulation culture system with metallic culture vessel demonstrates different thermal cytotoxicity in cancer and normal cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21466. [PMID: 34728686 PMCID: PMC8563756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia has been studied as a noninvasive cancer treatment. Cancer cells show stronger thermal cytotoxicity than normal cells, which is exploited in hyperthermia. However, the absence of methods evaluating the thermal cytotoxicity in cells prevents the development of hyperthermia. To investigate the thermal cytotoxicity, culture temperature should be regulated. We, thus, developed a culture system regulating culture temperature immediately and accurately by employing metallic culture vessels. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cells and normal human dermal fibroblasts were used for models of cancer and normal cells. The findings showed cancer cells showed stronger thermal cytotoxicity than normal cells, which is quantitatively different from previous reports. This difference might be due to regulated culture temperature. The thermal stimulus condition (43 °C/30 min) was, further, focused for assays. The mRNA expression involving apoptosis changed dramatically in cancer cells, indicating the strong apoptotic trend. In contrast, the mRNA expression of heat shock protein (HSP) of normal cells upon the thermal stimulus was stronger than cancer cells. Furthermore, exclusively in normal cells, HSP localization to nucleus was confirmed. These movement of HSP confer thermotolerance to cells, which is consistent with the different thermal cytotoxicity between cancer and normal cells. In summary, our developed system can be used to develop hyperthermia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Haruka Takeshita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Morikura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Jun Komotori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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Kim KS, Iwanami S, Oda T, Fujita Y, Kuba K, Miyazaki T, Ejima K, Iwami S. Incomplete antiviral treatment may induce longer durations of viral shedding during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202101049. [PMID: 34344719 PMCID: PMC8340032 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The duration of viral shedding is determined by a balance between de novo infection and removal of infected cells. That is, if infection is completely blocked with antiviral drugs (100% inhibition), the duration of viral shedding is minimal and is determined by the length of virus production. However, some mathematical models predict that if infected individuals are treated with antiviral drugs with efficacy below 100%, viral shedding may last longer than without treatment because further de novo infections are driven by entry of the virus into partially protected, uninfected cells at a slower rate. Using a simple mathematical model, we quantified SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in non-human primates and characterized the kinetics of viral shedding. We counterintuitively found that treatments initiated early, such as 0.5 d after virus inoculation, with intermediate to relatively high efficacy (30-70% inhibition of virus replication) yield a prolonged duration of viral shedding (by about 6.0 d) compared with no treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Su Kim
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoya Iwanami
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiji Kuba
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Shingo Iwami
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
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Imaki S, Iizuka K, Horikawa Y, Yasuda M, Kubota S, Kato T, Liu Y, Takao K, Mizuno M, Hirota T, Suwa T, Hosomichi K, Tajima A, Fujiwara Y, Yamazaki Y, Kuwata H, Seino Y, Yabe D. A novel RFX6 heterozygous mutation (p.R652X) in maturity-onset diabetes mellitus: A case report. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:1914-1918. [PMID: 33721395 PMCID: PMC8504905 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous RFX6 mutation has emerged as a potential cause of maturity-onset diabetes mellitus of the young (MODY). A 16-year-old female was diagnosed with diabetes by her family doctor and was referred to our institution for genetic examination. Genetic testing revealed a novel RFX6 heterozygous mutation (NM_173560: exon17: c.1954C>T: p.R652X) in the patient and in her mother and brother. She had no islet-specific autoantibodies and showed a reduced meal-induced response of insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1, which is consistent with the phenotype of MODY due to heterozygous RFX6 mutation. In conclusion, we report a case of MODY due to a novel heterozygous mutation, p.R652X.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsumi Iizuka
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Yukio Horikawa
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Megumi Yasuda
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Sodai Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
| | - Takehiro Kato
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Ken Takao
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Masami Mizuno
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Takuo Hirota
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Tetsuya Suwa
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and GenomicsGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and GenomicsGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Yuuka Fujiwara
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
| | - Yuji Yamazaki
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Hitoshi Kuwata
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstitutionKobeJapan
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic MedicineDepartment of Physiology and Cell BiologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
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Jeong YD, Ejima K, Kim KS, Iwanami S, Bento AI, Fujita Y, Jung IH, Aihara K, Watashi K, Miyazaki T, Wakita T, Iwami S, Ajelli M. Revisiting the guidelines for ending isolation for COVID-19 patients. eLife 2021; 10:e69340. [PMID: 34311842 PMCID: PMC8315804 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, two mainstream guidelines for defining when to end the isolation of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals have been in use: the one-size-fits-all approach (i.e. patients are isolated for a fixed number of days) and the personalized approach (i.e. based on repeated testing of isolated patients). We use a mathematical framework to model within-host viral dynamics and test different criteria for ending isolation. By considering a fixed time of 10 days since symptom onset as the criterion for ending isolation, we estimated that the risk of releasing an individual who is still infectious is low (0-6.6%). However, this policy entails lengthy unnecessary isolations (4.8-8.3 days). In contrast, by using a personalized strategy, similar low risks can be reached with shorter prolonged isolations. The obtained findings provide a scientific rationale for policies on ending the isolation of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Dam Jeong
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea
| | - Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-BloomingtonBloomingtonUnited States
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Shoya Iwanami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Ana I Bento
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-BloomingtonBloomingtonUnited States
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Il Hyo Jung
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of ScienceNodaJapan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasakiJapan
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of MiyazakiMiyazakiJapan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR)TokyoJapan
- Science Groove IncFukuokaJapan
| | - Marco Ajelli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-BloomingtonBloomingtonUnited States
- Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
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Mita Y, Uchida R, Yasuhara S, Kishi K, Hoshi T, Matsuo Y, Yokooji T, Shirakawa Y, Toyama T, Urano Y, Inada T, Noguchi N, Saito Y. Identification of a novel endogenous long non-coding RNA that inhibits selenoprotein P translation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:6893-6907. [PMID: 34142161 PMCID: PMC8266573 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is a major plasma selenoprotein that contains 10 Sec residues, which is encoded by the UGA stop codon. The mRNA for SELENOP has the unique property of containing two Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) elements, which is located in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). Here, we coincidentally identified a novel gene, CCDC152, by sequence analysis. This gene was located in the antisense region of the SELENOP gene, including the 3'UTR region in the genome. We demonstrated that this novel gene functioned as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that decreased SELENOP protein levels via translational rather than transcriptional, regulation. We found that the CCDC152 RNA interacted specifically and directly with the SELENOP mRNA and inhibited its binding to the SECIS-binding protein 2, resulting in the decrease of ribosome binding. We termed this novel gene product lncRNA inhibitor of SELENOP translation (L-IST). Finally, we found that epigallocatechin gallate upregulated L-IST in vitro and in vivo, to suppress SELENOP protein levels. Here, we provide a new regulatory mechanism of SELENOP translation by an endogenous long antisense ncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Mita
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Risa Uchida
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Sayuri Yasuhara
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Kohei Kishi
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hoshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsuo
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yokooji
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yoshino Shirakawa
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Urano
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Inada
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Noriko Noguchi
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- The Systems Life Sciences laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe 610-0394, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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50
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Iwanami S, Ejima K, Kim KS, Noshita K, Fujita Y, Miyazaki T, Kohno S, Miyazaki Y, Morimoto S, Nakaoka S, Koizumi Y, Asai Y, Aihara K, Watashi K, Thompson RN, Shibuya K, Fujiu K, Perelson AS, Iwami S, Wakita T. Detection of significant antiviral drug effects on COVID-19 with reasonable sample sizes in randomized controlled trials: A modeling study. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003660. [PMID: 34228712 PMCID: PMC8259968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of an effective antiviral drug for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health priority. Although several candidate drugs have been identified through in vitro and in vivo models, consistent and compelling evidence from clinical studies is limited. The lack of evidence from clinical trials may stem in part from the imperfect design of the trials. We investigated how clinical trials for antivirals need to be designed, especially focusing on the sample size in randomized controlled trials. METHODS AND FINDINGS A modeling study was conducted to help understand the reasons behind inconsistent clinical trial findings and to design better clinical trials. We first analyzed longitudinal viral load data for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) without antiviral treatment by use of a within-host virus dynamics model. The fitted viral load was categorized into 3 different groups by a clustering approach. Comparison of the estimated parameters showed that the 3 distinct groups were characterized by different virus decay rates (p-value < 0.001). The mean decay rates were 1.17 d-1 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.27 d-1), 0.777 d-1 (0.716 to 0.838 d-1), and 0.450 d-1 (0.378 to 0.522 d-1) for the 3 groups, respectively. Such heterogeneity in virus dynamics could be a confounding variable if it is associated with treatment allocation in compassionate use programs (i.e., observational studies). Subsequently, we mimicked randomized controlled trials of antivirals by simulation. An antiviral effect causing a 95% to 99% reduction in viral replication was added to the model. To be realistic, we assumed that randomization and treatment are initiated with some time lag after symptom onset. Using the duration of virus shedding as an outcome, the sample size to detect a statistically significant mean difference between the treatment and placebo groups (1:1 allocation) was 13,603 and 11,670 (when the antiviral effect was 95% and 99%, respectively) per group if all patients are enrolled regardless of timing of randomization. The sample size was reduced to 584 and 458 (when the antiviral effect was 95% and 99%, respectively) if only patients who are treated within 1 day of symptom onset are enrolled. We confirmed the sample size was similarly reduced when using cumulative viral load in log scale as an outcome. We used a conventional virus dynamics model, which may not fully reflect the detailed mechanisms of viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. The model needs to be calibrated in terms of both parameter settings and model structure, which would yield more reliable sample size calculation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that estimated association in observational studies can be biased due to large heterogeneity in viral dynamics among infected individuals, and statistically significant effect in randomized controlled trials may be difficult to be detected due to small sample size. The sample size can be dramatically reduced by recruiting patients immediately after developing symptoms. We believe this is the first study investigated the study design of clinical trials for antiviral treatment using the viral dynamics model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoya Iwanami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Noshita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitsugu Miyazaki
- Department of Chemotherapy & Mycoses and Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Nakaoka
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Koizumi
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Asai
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Robin N. Thompson
- Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Kenji Shibuya
- Institute for Population Health, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katsuhito Fujiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Cardiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alan S. Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Shingo Iwami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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