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Askari H, Rabiei F, Lohrasbi F, Ghadir S, Mehdipour Arbastan A, Ghasemi-Kasman M. AMP-activated protein kinase as a mediator of mitochondrial dysfunction of multiple sclerosis in animal models: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31230. [PMID: 38403972 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system (CNS) disorder characterized by demyelination, neuronal damage, and oligodendrocyte depletion. Reliable biomarkers are essential for early diagnosis and disease management. Emerging research highlights the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in CNS disorders, including MS, in which mitochondria are central to the degenerative process. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates the mitochondrial energy balance and initiates responses in neurodegenerative conditions. This systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aimed to comprehensively assess the literature on AMPK pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, and in vivo studies using MS animal models. The search strategy involved the use of AMPK syntaxes, MS syntaxes, and animal model syntaxes. The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched on August 26, 2023 without publication year restrictions. The review identified and analyzed relevant papers to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of related research. Eight studies utilizing various interventions and methodological approaches were included. Risk of bias assessment revealed some areas of low risk but lacked explicit reporting in others. These studies collectively revealed a complex relationship between AMPK, mitochondrial dysfunction, and MS pathogenesis, with both cuprizone and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models demonstrating associations between AMPK and mitochondrial disorders, including oxidative stress and impaired expression of mitochondrial genes. These studies illuminate the multifaceted role of AMPK in MS animal models, involving energy metabolism, inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and gene regulation leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, unanswered questions about its mechanisms and clinical applications underscore the need for further research to fully harness its potential in addressing MS-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Askari
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rabiei
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Lohrasbi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadir
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour Arbastan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Marrocco R, Bernard I, Joulia E, Barascud R, Dejean AS, Lesourne R, Saoudi A. Positive regulation of Vav1 by Themis controls CD4 T cell pathogenicity in a mouse model of central nervous system inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:161. [PMID: 38565808 PMCID: PMC10987373 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is conditioned by the association of modest genetic alterations which altogether weaken self-tolerance. The mechanism whereby these genetic interactions modulate T-cell pathogenicity remains largely uncovered. Here, we investigated the epistatic interaction of two interacting proteins involved in T Cell Receptor signaling and which were previously associated with the development of Multiple Sclerosis. To this aim, we used mice expressing an hypomorphic variant of Vav1 (Vav1R63W), combined with a T cell-conditional deletion of Themis. We show that the combined mutations in Vav1 and Themis induce a strong attenuation of the severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), contrasting with the moderate effect of the single mutation in each of those two proteins. This genotype-dependent gradual decrease of EAE severity correlates with decreased quantity of phosphorylated Vav1 in CD4 T cells, establishing that Themis promotes the development of encephalitogenic Tconv response by enhancing Vav1 activity. We also show that the cooperative effect of Themis and Vav1 on EAE severity is independent of regulatory T cells and unrelated to the impact of Themis on thymic selection. Rather, it results from decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, TNF and GM-CSF) and reduced T cell infiltration in the CNS. Together, our results provide a rationale to study combination of related genes, in addition to single gene association, to better understand the genetic bases of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Marrocco
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Isabelle Bernard
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Emeline Joulia
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rebecca Barascud
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Anne S Dejean
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Renaud Lesourne
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses Et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), INSERM U1291, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, France.
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3
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Lee HG, Rone JM, Li Z, Akl CF, Shin SW, Lee JH, Flausino LE, Pernin F, Chao CC, Kleemann KL, Srun L, Illouz T, Giovannoni F, Charabati M, Sanmarco LM, Kenison JE, Piester G, Zandee SEJ, Antel JP, Rothhammer V, Wheeler MA, Prat A, Clark IC, Quintana FJ. Disease-associated astrocyte epigenetic memory promotes CNS pathology. Nature 2024; 627:865-872. [PMID: 38509377 PMCID: PMC11016191 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Disease-associated astrocyte subsets contribute to the pathology of neurologic diseases, including multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis1-8 (EAE), an experimental model for multiple sclerosis. However, little is known about the stability of these astrocyte subsets and their ability to integrate past stimulation events. Here we report the identification of an epigenetically controlled memory astrocyte subset that exhibits exacerbated pro-inflammatory responses upon rechallenge. Specifically, using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing, focused interrogation of cells by nucleic acid detection and sequencing, and cell-specific in vivo CRISPR-Cas9-based genetic perturbation studies we established that astrocyte memory is controlled by the metabolic enzyme ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), which produces acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) that is used by histone acetyltransferase p300 to control chromatin accessibility. The number of ACLY+p300+ memory astrocytes is increased in acute and chronic EAE models, and their genetic inactivation ameliorated EAE. We also detected the pro-inflammatory memory phenotype in human astrocytes in vitro; single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry studies detected increased numbers of ACLY+p300+ astrocytes in chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. In summary, these studies define an epigenetically controlled memory astrocyte subset that promotes CNS pathology in EAE and, potentially, multiple sclerosis. These findings may guide novel therapeutic approaches for multiple sclerosis and other neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gyun Lee
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M Rone
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhaorong Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Camilo Faust Akl
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seung Won Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joon-Hyuk Lee
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas E Flausino
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian Pernin
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chun-Cheih Chao
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lena Srun
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomer Illouz
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Giovannoni
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc Charabati
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liliana M Sanmarco
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica E Kenison
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gavin Piester
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie E J Zandee
- Neuroimmunology Research Lab, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael A Wheeler
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology Research Lab, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iain C Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Boston, MA, USA.
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Bracchi-Ricard V, Nguyen K, Ricci D, Gaudette B, Henao-Meija J, Brambilla R, Martynyuk T, Gidalevitz T, Allman D, Bethea JR, Argon Y. Increased activity of IRE1 improves the clinical presentation of EAE. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23283. [PMID: 37983957 PMCID: PMC10662669 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300769rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) contributes to neuronal development and is known to induce neuronal remodeling in vitro and in vivo. On the contrary, excessive IRE1 activity is often detrimental and may contribute to neurodegeneration. To determine the consequences of increased activation of IRE1α, we used a mouse model expressing a C148S variant of IRE1α with increased and sustained activation. Surprisingly, the mutation did not affect the differentiation of highly secretory antibody-producing cells but exhibited a beneficial effect in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although mechanical allodynia was unaffected, significant improvement in motor function was found in IRE1C148S mice with EAE relative to wild type (WT) mice. Coincident with this improvement, there was reduced microgliosis in the spinal cord of IRE1C148S mice, with reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes. This was accompanied by reduced axonal degeneration and enhanced 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) levels, suggesting improved myelin integrity. Interestingly, while the IRE1C148S mutation is expressed in all cells, the reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and in the microglial activation marker ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (IBA1), along with preservation of phagocytic gene expression, all point to microglia as the cell type contributing to the clinical improvement in IRE1C148S animals. Our data suggest that sustained increase in IRE1α activity can be beneficial in vivo, and that this protection is cell type and context dependent. Considering the overwhelming but conflicting evidence for the role of ER stress in neurological diseases, a better understanding of the function of ER stress sensors in physiological contexts is clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayla Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniela Ricci
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian Gaudette
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jorge Henao-Meija
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roberta Brambilla
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE - Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - David Allman
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John R. Bethea
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yair Argon
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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5
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Haghmorad D, Khaleghian A, Eslami M, Sadeghnejad A, Tarahomi M, Yousefi B. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via modifying expression patterns of miRNAs. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9971-9984. [PMID: 37897611 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical and experimental studies highlighted the significant therapeutic role of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in neurodegenerative diseases. MSCs possess potent immunomodulatory properties by releasing exosomes, which generate a suitable microenvironment. microRNAs (miRNAs), as one of several effective bioactive molecules of exosomes, influence cellular communication and activities in recipient cells. Recent studies revealed that miRNAs could control the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) via differentiation and function of T helper cells (Th). METHODS Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of syngeneic-derived BM-MSC in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS by evaluating expression profile of miRNAs, pro- and anti-inflammatory in serum and brain tissues. Three-time scheme groups (6th day, 6th & 12th days, and 12th day, of post-EAE induction) were applied to determine the therapeutic effects of intraperitoneally received 1*106 of BM-MSCs. RESULTS The expression levels of mature isoforms of miR-193, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-21, and miR-326 showed that BM-MSCs treatment attenuated the EAE clinical score and reduced clinical inflammation as well as demyelination. The improved neurological functional outcome associated with enhanced expression of miR-193 and miR-146a, but decreased expression levels of miR-155, miR-21, and miR-326 were followed by suppressing effects on Th1/Th17 immune responses (reduced levels of IFN-γand IL-17 cytokine expression) and induction of Treg cells, immunoregulatory responses (increase of IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-4) in treatment groups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that BM-MSCs administration might change expression patterns of miRNAs and downstream interactions followed by immune system modulation. However, there is a need to carry out future human clinical trials and complementary experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Haghmorad
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Eslami
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Tarahomi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Schmidt H, Raj T, O'Neill TJ, Muschaweckh A, Giesert F, Negraschus A, Hoefig KP, Behrens G, Esser L, Baumann C, Feederle R, Plaza-Sirvent C, Geerlof A, Gewies A, Isay SE, Ruland J, Schmitz I, Wurst W, Korn T, Krappmann D, Heissmeyer V. Unrestrained cleavage of Roquin-1 by MALT1 induces spontaneous T cell activation and the development of autoimmunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2309205120. [PMID: 37988467 PMCID: PMC10691344 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309205120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the MALT1 paracaspase in conventional T cells of Malt1TBM/TBM (TRAF6 Binding Mutant = TBM) mice causes fatal inflammation and autoimmunity, but the involved targets and underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. We genetically rendered a single MALT1 substrate, the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Roquin-1, insensitive to MALT1 cleavage. These Rc3h1Mins/Mins mice showed normal immune homeostasis. Combining Rc3h1Mins/Mins alleles with those encoding for constitutively active MALT1 (TBM) prevented spontaneous T cell activation and restored viability of Malt1TBM/TBM mice. Mechanistically, we show how antigen/MHC recognition is translated by MALT1 into Roquin cleavage and derepression of Roquin targets. Increasing T cell receptor (TCR) signals inactivated Roquin more effectively, and only high TCR strength enabled derepression of high-affinity targets to promote Th17 differentiation. Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) revealed increased cleavage of Roquin-1 in disease-associated Th17 compared to Th1 cells in the CNS. T cells from Rc3h1Mins/Mins mice did not efficiently induce the high-affinity Roquin-1 target IκBNS in response to TCR stimulation, showed reduced Th17 differentiation, and Rc3h1Mins/Mins mice were protected from EAE. These data demonstrate how TCR signaling and MALT1 activation utilize graded cleavage of Roquin to differentially regulate target mRNAs that control T cell activation and differentiation as well as the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Schmidt
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
| | - Timsse Raj
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
| | - Thomas J. O'Neill
- Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich81675, Germany
| | - Florian Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Arlinda Negraschus
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
| | - Kai P. Hoefig
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich81337, Germany
| | - Gesine Behrens
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
| | - Lena Esser
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
| | - Christina Baumann
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich81337, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Carlos Plaza-Sirvent
- Department of Molecular Immunology, ZKF2, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum44801, Germany
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Andreas Gewies
- Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Sophie E. Isay
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich81675, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich81675, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich81675, Germany
| | - Ingo Schmitz
- Department of Molecular Immunology, ZKF2, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum44801, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich80804, Germany
- Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising85354, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich81675, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich81377, Germany
| | - Daniel Krappmann
- Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg85764, Germany
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried82152, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich81337, Germany
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7
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Winkler I, Engler JB, Vieira V, Bauer S, Liu YH, Di Liberto G, Grochowska KM, Wagner I, Bier J, Bal LC, Rothammer N, Meurs N, Egervari K, Schattling B, Salinas G, Kreutz MR, Huang YS, Pless O, Merkler D, Friese MA. MicroRNA-92a-CPEB3 axis protects neurons against inflammatory neurodegeneration. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadi6855. [PMID: 38000031 PMCID: PMC10672163 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi6855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation causes neuronal injury in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important modulators of neuronal stress responses, but knowledge about their contribution to neuronal protection or damage during inflammation is limited. Here, we constructed a regulatory miRNA-mRNA network of inflamed motor neurons by leveraging cell type-specific miRNA and mRNA sequencing of mice undergoing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found robust induction of miR-92a in inflamed spinal cord neurons and identified cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 (Cpeb3) as a key target of miR-92a-mediated posttranscriptional silencing. We detected CPEB3 repression in inflamed neurons in murine EAE and human MS. Moreover, both miR-92a delivery and Cpeb3 deletion protected neuronal cultures against excitotoxicity. Supporting a detrimental effect of Cpeb3 in vivo, neuron-specific deletion in conditional Cpeb3 knockout animals led to reduced inflammation-induced clinical disability in EAE. Together, we identified a neuroprotective miR-92a-Cpeb3 axis in neuroinflammation that might serve as potential treatment target to limit inflammation-induced neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Winkler
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vieira
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Yi-Hsiang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna M. Grochowska
- Leibniz Group ‘Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function’, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Jasmina Bier
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Lukas C. Bal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Nina Meurs
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Schattling
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- Institut of Human Genetics, NGS Integrative Genomics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Michael R. Kreutz
- Leibniz Group ‘Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function’, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Yi-Shuian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Hamburg 22525, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
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8
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Schnell A, Huang L, Regan BML, Singh V, Vonficht D, Bollhagen A, Wang M, Hou Y, Bod L, Sobel RA, Chihara N, Madi A, Anderson AC, Regev A, Kuchroo VK. Targeting PGLYRP1 promotes antitumor immunity while inhibiting autoimmune neuroinflammation. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1908-1920. [PMID: 37828379 PMCID: PMC10864036 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Co-inhibitory and checkpoint molecules suppress T cell function in the tumor microenvironment, thereby rendering T cells dysfunctional. Although immune checkpoint blockade is a successful treatment option for multiple human cancers, severe autoimmune-like adverse effects can limit its application. Here, we show that the gene encoding peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is highly coexpressed with genes encoding co-inhibitory molecules, indicating that it might be a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Genetic deletion of Pglyrp1 in mice led to decreased tumor growth and an increased activation/effector phenotype in CD8+ T cells, suggesting an inhibitory function of PGLYRP1 in CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, genetic deletion of Pglyrp1 protected against the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of autoimmune disease in the central nervous system. PGLYRP1-deficient myeloid cells had a defect in antigen presentation and T cell activation, indicating that PGLYRP1 might function as a proinflammatory molecule in myeloid cells during autoimmunity. These results highlight PGLYRP1 as a promising target for immunotherapy that, when targeted, elicits a potent antitumor immune response while protecting against some forms of tissue inflammation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schnell
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linglin Huang
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brianna M L Regan
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vasundhara Singh
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dominik Vonficht
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alina Bollhagen
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mona Wang
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Hou
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lloyd Bod
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Raymond A Sobel
- Palo Alto Veteran's Administration Health Care System and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Norio Chihara
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Neurology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Asaf Madi
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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9
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Wang X, Chen C, Sun H, Mao K, Yao J, Zhang W, Zhan M, Li HB, Zhang Z, Zhu S, Lu L. m 6A mRNA modification potentiates Th17 functions to inflame autoimmunity. Sci China Life Sci 2023; 66:2543-2552. [PMID: 37405565 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most common and abundant epigenetic RNA modification, governs mRNA metabolism to determine cell differentiation, proliferation and response to stimulation. m6A methyltransferase METTL3 has been reported to control T cell homeostasis and sustain the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the role of m6A methyltransferase in other subtypes of T cells remains unknown. T helper cells 17 (Th17) play a pivotal role in host defense and autoimmunity. Here, we found that the loss of METTL3 in T cells caused serious defect of Th17 cell differentiation, and impeded the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We generated Mettl3f/fIl17aCre mice and observed that METTL3 deficiency in Th17 cells significantly suppressed the development of EAE and displayed less Th17 cell infiltration into central nervous system (CNS). Importantly, we demonstrated that depletion of METTL3 attenuated IL-17A and CCR5 expression by facilitating SOCS3 mRNA stability in Th17 cells, leading to disrupted Th17 cell differentiation and infiltration, and eventually attenuating the process of EAE. Collectively, our results highlight that m6A modification sustains Th17 cell function, which provides new insights into the regulatory network of Th17 cells, and also implies a potential therapeutic target for Th17 cell mediated autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Immunology, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Kaiqiong Mao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiameng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiqiao Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Hua-Bing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Immunology, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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10
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Mehmood A, Song S, Du X, Yan H, Wang X, Guo L, Li B. mRNA expression profile reveals differentially expressed genes in splenocytes of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:247-257. [PMID: 37427716 PMCID: PMC10500171 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model that can be used to investigate aetiology, pathogenesis, and treatment approaches for multiple sclerosis (MS). A novel integrated bioinformatics approach was used to understand the involvement of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the spleen of EAE mice through data mining of existing microarray and RNA-seq datasets. We screened differentially expressed mRNAs using mRNA expression profile data of EAE spleens taken from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed by Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Subsequently, the DEGs-encoded protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The 784 DEGs in GSE99300 A.SW PP-EAE mice spleen mRNA profiles, 859 DEGs in GSE151701 EAE mice spleen mRNA profiles, and 646 DEGs in GSE99300 SJL/J PP-EAE mice spleen mRNA profiles were explored. Functional enrichment of 55 common DEGs among 3 sub-datasets revealed several immune-related terms, such as neutrophil extravasation, leucocyte migration, antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by an antimicrobial peptide, toll-like receptor 4 bindings, IL-17 signalling pathway, and TGF-beta signalling pathway. In the screening of 10 hub genes, including MPO, ELANE, CTSG, LTF, LCN2, SELP, CAMP, S100A9, ITGA2B, and PRTN3, and in choosing and validating the 5 DEGs, including ANK1, MBOAT2, SLC25A21, SLC43A1, and SOX6, the results showed that SLC43A1 and SOX6 were significantly decreased in EAE mice spleen. Thus this study offers a list of genes expressed in the spleen that might play a key role in the pathogenesis of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Shuang Song
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xiaochen Du
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Hongjing Yan
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Li Guo
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Bin Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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11
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Kendirli A, de la Rosa C, Lämmle KF, Eglseer K, Bauer IJ, Kavaka V, Winklmeier S, Zhuo L, Wichmann C, Gerdes LA, Kümpfel T, Dornmair K, Beltrán E, Kerschensteiner M, Kawakami N. A genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screen identifies essential regulators of T cell migration to the CNS in a multiple sclerosis model. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1713-1725. [PMID: 37709997 PMCID: PMC10545543 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves the infiltration of autoreactive T cells into the CNS, yet we lack a comprehensive understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate this process. Here, we conducted a genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screen in a rat MS model and identified 5 essential brakes and 18 essential facilitators of T cell migration to the CNS. While the transcription factor ETS1 limits entry to the CNS by controlling T cell responsiveness, three functional modules, centered around the adhesion molecule α4-integrin, the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and the GRK2 kinase, are required for CNS migration of autoreactive CD4+ T cells. Single-cell analysis of T cells from individuals with MS confirmed that the expression of these essential regulators correlates with the propensity of CD4+ T cells to reach the CNS. Our data thus reveal key regulators of the fundamental step in the induction of MS lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arek Kendirli
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Clara de la Rosa
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin F Lämmle
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Klara Eglseer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Isabel J Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Vladyslav Kavaka
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stephan Winklmeier
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - La Zhuo
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kerschensteiner
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany.
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12
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Zhuang W, Zhou J, Zhong L, Lv J, Zhong X, Liu G, Xie L, Wang C, Saimaier K, Han S, Shi C, Hua Q, Zhang R, Xie X, Du C. CXCR1 drives the pathogenesis of EAE and ARDS via boosting dendritic cells-dependent inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:608. [PMID: 37709757 PMCID: PMC10502121 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines secreted by dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the regulation of inflammation and autoimmunity through chemokine receptors. However, the role of chemokine receptor CXCR1 in inflammation-inducing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains largely enigmatic. Here we reported that compared with healthy controls, the level of CXCR1 was aberrantly increased in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Knockout of CXCR1 not only ameliorated disease severity in EAE mice but also suppressed the secretion of inflammatory factors (IL-6/IL-12p70) production. We observed the same results in EAE mice with DCs-specific deletion of CXCR1 and antibody neutralization of the ligand CXCL5. Mechanically, we demonstrated a positive feedback loop composed of CXCL5/CXCR1/HIF-1α direct regulating of IL-6/IL-12p70 production in DCs. Meanwhile, we found CXCR1 deficiency in DCs limited IL-6/IL-12p70 production and lung injury in LPS-induced ARDS, a disease model caused by inflammation. Overall, our study reveals CXCR1 governs DCs-mediated inflammation and autoimmune disorders and its potential as a therapeutic target for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kaidireya Saimaier
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Sanxing Han
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Changjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiuhong Hua
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Changsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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13
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Wei SL, Yang Y, Si WY, Zhou Y, Li T, Du T, Zhang P, Li XL, Duan RN, Duan RS, Yang CL. Methylglyoxal suppresses microglia inflammatory response through NRF2-IκBζ pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102843. [PMID: 37573838 PMCID: PMC10440576 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive metabolite generated by glycolysis. Although abnormal accumulation of MGO has been reported in several autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, the role of MGO in autoimmune diseases has not yet been fully investigated. In this study, we found that the intracellular MGO levels increased in activated immune cells, such as microglia and lymphocytes. Treatment with MGO inhibited inflammatory cell accumulation in the spinal cord and ameliorated the clinical symptoms in EAE mice. Further analysis indicated that MGO suppressed M1-polarization of microglia cells and diminished their inflammatory cytokine production. MGO also inhibited the ability of microglial cells to recruit and activate lymphocytes by decreasing chemokine secretion and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Furthermore, MGO negatively regulated glycolysis by suppressing glucose transporter 1 expression. Mechanically, we found that MGO could activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway and NRF2 could bind to the promoter of IκBζ gene and suppressed its transcription and subsequently pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In conclusion, our results showed that MGO acts as an immunosuppressive metabolite by activating the NRF2-IκBζ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Li Wei
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250011, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wei-Yue Si
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250011, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Tong Du
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Ruo-Nan Duan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Rui-Sheng Duan
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250011, PR China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Chun-Lin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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14
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Ceccariglia S, Sibilia D, Parolini O, Michetti F, Di Sante G. Altered Expression of Autophagy Biomarkers in Hippocampal Neurons in a Multiple Sclerosis Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13225. [PMID: 37686031 PMCID: PMC10488228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. Inflammation, demyelination, synaptic alteration, and neuronal loss are hallmarks detectable in MS. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model widely used to study pathogenic aspects of MS. Autophagy is a process that maintains cell homeostasis by removing abnormal organelles and damaged proteins and is involved both in protective and detrimental effects that have been seen in a variety of human diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. This study is aimed at investigating the autophagy signaling pathway through the analysis of the main autophagic proteins including Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein light chain (LC3, autophagosome marker), and p62 also called sequestosome1 (SQSTM1, substrate of autophagy-mediated degradation) in the hippocampus of EAE-affected mice. The expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3, and p62 and the Akt/mTOR pathway were examined by Western blot experiments. In EAE mice, compared to control animals, significant reductions of expression levels were detectable for Beclin-1 and LC3 II (indicating the reduction of autophagosomes), and p62 (suggesting that autophagic flux increased). In parallel, molecular analysis detected the deregulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling. Immunofluorescence double-labeling images showed co-localization of NeuN (neuronal nuclear marker) and Beclin-1, LC3, and p62 throughout the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal subfields. Taken together, these data demonstrate that activation of autophagy occurs in the neurons of the hippocampus in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ceccariglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (O.P.)
| | - Diego Sibilia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (O.P.)
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (O.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università di LUM, 70010 Casamassima, Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
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15
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Kioumarsi E, Kohan L, Noorbakhsh F, Shirian S, Gorji A, Zare-Chahoki A. Involvement of NRON and TUG1 long noncoding RNAs in inflammation and the pathogenesis of EAE. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2023; 43:146-155. [PMID: 37610146 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2243289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The role of lncRNAs nuclear repressor of NFAT (NRON) and Taurine up-regulated 1 (TUG1) in the inflammatory processes occurring in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS is yet to be investigated. Transcript levels of NRON and TUG1 in acute and chronic phases of EAE and cultured macrophages as well as the correlation between NRON and TUG1 expression with inflammatory cytokines, were evaluated in this study. EAE experimental model was induced in female C57BL/6 mice with subcutaneous injection of MOG35-55/CFA. Mice were scored for 28 days and then sacrificed. The expression of lncRNAs TUG1 and NRON in lumbar spinal cords, activated and controlled macrophages as well as the expression of IL-1, IL-6, and CDe-3 inflammatory cytokines, were assayed by real-time RT-PCR. The lncRNAs TUG1 and NRON were significantly down-regulated in lumbar spinal cords tissues in the acute phase of EAE compared to the control group. TUG1 and NRON were significantly down-regulated in macrophages treated with 10 ng lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to the control macrophages. A negative correlation was identified between NRON and TUG1 expression and IL-1, IL-6, and CDe-3 inflammatory cytokines. The present study demonstrates the dysregulation of lncRNAs TUG1 and NRON in spinal cord tissue lesions of EAE and activated macrophages, pointing to their potential role in the pathogenesis of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Kioumarsi
- Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Leila Kohan
- Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr. Daneshbod Pathol Lab, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, Münster, Germany
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Zare-Chahoki
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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16
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Zhan J, Gao Y, Heinig L, Beecken M, Huo Y, Zhang W, Wang P, Wei T, Tian R, Han W, Yu ACH, Kipp M, Kaddatz H. Loss of the Novel Myelin Protein CMTM5 in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and Its Involvement in Oligodendroglial Stress Responses. Cells 2023; 12:2085. [PMID: 37626895 PMCID: PMC10453064 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study comprehensively addresses the involvement of the protein CKLF-like Marvel transmembrane domain-containing family member 5 (CMTM5) in the context of demyelination and cytodegenerative autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple Sclerosis (MS). An observed reduction in CMTM5 expression in post-mortem MS lesions prompted further investigations in both in vitro and in vivo animal models. In the cuprizone animal model, we detected a decrease in CMTM5 expression in oligodendrocytes that is absent in other members of the CMTM protein family. Our findings also confirm these results in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model with decreased CMTM5 expression in both cerebellum and spinal cord white matter. We also examined the effects of a Cmtm5 knockdown in vitro in the oligodendroglial Oli-neu mouse cell line using the CRISPR interference technique. Interestingly, we found no effects on cell response to thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as determined by Atf4 activity, an indicator of cellular stress responses. Overall, these results substantiate previous findings suggesting that CMTM5, rather than contributing to myelin biogenesis, is involved in maintaining axonal integrity. Our study further demonstrates that the knockdown of Cmtm5 in vitro does not modulate oligodendroglial responses to ER stress. These results warrant further investigation into the functional role of CMTM5 during axonal degeneration in the context of demyelinating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangshan Zhan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.W.); (W.H.); (A.C.H.Y.)
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Yuanxu Gao
- Center for Biomedicine and Innovations, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Leo Heinig
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Malena Beecken
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Yangbo Huo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.W.); (W.H.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Wansong Zhang
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (T.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.W.); (W.H.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Tianzi Wei
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (T.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (W.Z.); (T.W.); (R.T.)
| | - Wenling Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.W.); (W.H.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Albert Cheung Hoi Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (P.W.); (W.H.); (A.C.H.Y.)
| | - Markus Kipp
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Hannes Kaddatz
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstraße 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.H.); (M.B.); (M.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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ZHOU J, WANG J, LI X, WAN C, LI F, Lü Y, CHEN H, SUN M. Efficacy of Heshouwu () on gut mircobiota in mice with autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:676-685. [PMID: 37454252 PMCID: PMC10320446 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To learn the mechanisms between gut microbiome and the autoimmunity benefits on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in central nervous system (CNS), we investigated the neuro-protection effects and gut mircobiota changes of Heshouwu () on experimental autoimmune encepha-lomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Mice were randomly divided into four groups: EAE mice (control phosphate-buffered saline group), 50 mg·kg·d Heshouwu ()-treated EAE mice, 100 mg·kg·d Heshouwu ()-treated EAE mice, and 200 mg·kg·d Heshouwu ()-treated EAE mice. The spinal cords were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and luxol fast blue for evaluating inflammatory infiltration and demyelination. The percentages of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)+CD4+, interleukin 17 (IL-17)+CD4+, Foxp3 CD4+, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)+CD4+ T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes (LNs) and brain were determined by flow cytometry analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to analyze the changes in gut microbiota. RESULTS We found that Heshouwu () alleviated the disease severity and neuropathology of EAE as evaluated by clinical and histopathologyical scores. Heshouwu () increased the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota, and decreased / ratio (F/B ratio). Heshouwu () also decreased the concentrations of IL-10, and IL-21 and increase the levels of GM-CSF, IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 in serum of EAE mice. Moreover, Heshouwu () modulated the T cell responses by inhibiting Th17 cells and restoring Treg cells in the small intestine lymphoid tissues and inguinal lymph nodes. Microbiota-depleted mice receiving Heshouwu ()-treated fecal microbiota trans-plantation had lower disease severity, neuropathology scores and alleviation of Th17/Treg imbalance compared to ad libitum group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the vital neuro-protection role of Heshouwu () (TCM) in immunomodulation effects partly by regulations of gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun ZHOU
- 1 Department of Chinese Medicine, Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Junhua WANG
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiaobing LI
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chenyi WAN
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Fangjun LI
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Yanni Lü
- 3 Department of Pharmacy, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Hao CHEN
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Meiying SUN
- 2 Department of Neurology, Gaoxin branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
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18
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Kapell H, Fazio L, Dyckow J, Schwarz S, Cruz-Herranz A, Mayer C, Campos J, D’Este E, Möbius W, Cordano C, Pröbstel AK, Gharagozloo M, Zulji A, Narayanan Naik V, Delank A, Cerina M, Müntefering T, Lerma-Martin C, Sonner JK, Sin JH, Disse P, Rychlik N, Sabeur K, Chavali M, Srivastava R, Heidenreich M, Fitzgerald KC, Seebohm G, Stadelmann C, Hemmer B, Platten M, Jentsch TJ, Engelhardt M, Budde T, Nave KA, Calabresi PA, Friese MA, Green AJ, Acuna C, Rowitch DH, Meuth SG, Schirmer L. Neuron-oligodendrocyte potassium shuttling at nodes of Ranvier protects against inflammatory demyelination. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e164223. [PMID: 36719741 PMCID: PMC10065072 DOI: 10.1172/jci164223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. Increasing evidence suggests that vulnerable neurons in MS exhibit fatal metabolic exhaustion over time, a phenomenon hypothesized to be caused by chronic hyperexcitability. Axonal Kv7 (outward-rectifying) and oligodendroglial Kir4.1 (inward-rectifying) potassium channels have important roles in regulating neuronal excitability at and around the nodes of Ranvier. Here, we studied the spatial and functional relationship between neuronal Kv7 and oligodendroglial Kir4.1 channels and assessed the transcriptional and functional signatures of cortical and retinal projection neurons under physiological and inflammatory demyelinating conditions. We found that both channels became dysregulated in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), with Kir4.1 channels being chronically downregulated and Kv7 channel subunits being transiently upregulated during inflammatory demyelination. Further, we observed that pharmacological Kv7 channel opening with retigabine reduced neuronal hyperexcitability in human and EAE neurons, improved clinical EAE signs, and rescued neuronal pathology in oligodendrocyte-Kir4.1-deficient (OL-Kir4.1-deficient) mice. In summary, our findings indicate that neuron-OL compensatory interactions promoted resilience through Kv7 and Kir4.1 channels and identify pharmacological activation of nodal Kv7 channels as a neuroprotective strategy against inflammatory demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kapell
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luca Fazio
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Dyckow
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sophia Schwarz
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrés Cruz-Herranz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christina Mayer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joaquin Campos
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisa D’Este
- Optical Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Network of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Cordano
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marjan Gharagozloo
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amel Zulji
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Venu Narayanan Naik
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Delank
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | - Manuela Cerina
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
| | | | - Celia Lerma-Martin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana K. Sonner
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jung Hyung Sin
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul Disse
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, UKM, Münster, Germany
- University of Münster, Chembion, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicole Rychlik
- University of Münster, Chembion, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Khalida Sabeur
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manideep Chavali
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rajneesh Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Heidenreich
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathryn C. Fitzgerald
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, UKM, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN) and
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Jentsch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Engelhardt
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Calabresi
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ari J. Green
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Claudio Acuna
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H. Rowitch
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Wellcome Trust–Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute and
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucas Schirmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN) and
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience and Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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De Vito F, Balletta S, Caioli S, Musella A, Guadalupi L, Vanni V, Fresegna D, Bassi MS, Gilio L, Sanna K, Gentile A, Bruno A, Dolcetti E, Buttari F, Pavone L, Furlan R, Finardi A, Perlas E, Hornstein E, Centonze D, Mandolesi G. MiR-142-3p is a Critical Modulator of TNF-mediated Neuronal Toxicity in Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2567-2582. [PMID: 37021418 PMCID: PMC10616916 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230404103914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF-dependent synaptotoxicity contributes to the neuronal damage occurring in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) and its mouse model Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we investigated miR-142-3p, a synaptotoxic microRNA induced by inflammation in EAE and MS, as a potential downstream effector of TNF signalling. METHODS Electrophysiological recordings, supported by molecular, biochemical and histochemical analyses, were performed to explore TNF-synaptotoxicity in the striatum of EAE and healthy mice. MiR-142 heterozygous (miR-142 HE) mice and/or LNA-anti miR-142-3p strategy were used to verify the TNF-miR-142-3p axis hypothesis. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 151 pwMS was analysed to evaluate possible correlation between TNF and miR-142-3p levels and their impact on clinical parameters (e.g. progression index (PI), age-related clinical severity (gARMSS)) and MRI measurements at diagnosis (T0). RESULTS High levels of TNF and miR-142-3p were detected in both EAE striatum and MS-CSF. The TNF-dependent glutamatergic alterations were prevented in the inflamed striatum of EAE miR-142 HE mice. Accordingly, TNF was ineffective in healthy striatal slices incubated with LNA-anti miR- 142-3p. However, both preclinical and clinical data did not validate the TNF-miR-142-3p axis hypothesis, suggesting a permissive neuronal role of miR-142-3p on TNF-signalling. Clinical data showed a negative impact of each molecule on disease course and/or brain lesions and unveiled that their high levels exert a detrimental synergistic effect on disease activity, PI and white matter lesion volume. CONCLUSION We propose miR-142-3p as a critical modulator of TNF-mediated neuronal toxicity and suggest a detrimental synergistic action of these molecules on MS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Balletta
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Caioli
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Krizia Sanna
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Bruno
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Luigi Pavone
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emerald Perlas
- Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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20
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Fournier AP, Tastet O, Charabati M, Hoornaert C, Bourbonnière L, Klement W, Larouche S, Tea F, Wang YC, Larochelle C, Arbour N, Ragoussis J, Zandee S, Prat A. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies Brain Endothelium Inflammatory Networks in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022; 10:10/1/e200046. [PMID: 36446612 PMCID: PMC9709715 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease characterized by infiltration of immune cells in multifocal areas of the CNS. The specific molecular processes allowing autoreactive immune cells to enter the CNS compartment through the blood-brain barrier remain elusive. METHODS Using endothelial cell (EC) enrichment and single-cell RNA sequencing, we characterized the cells implicated in the neuroinflammatory processes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. Validations on human MS brain sections of the most differentially expressed genes in venous ECs were performed using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. RESULTS We found an upregulation of genes associated with antigen presentation and interferon in most populations of CNS-resident cells, including ECs. Interestingly, instead of transcriptionally distinct profiles, a continuous gradient of gene expression separated the arteriovenous zonation of the brain vasculature. However, differential gene expression analysis presented more transcriptomic alterations on the venous side of the axis, suggesting a prominent role of venous ECs in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, analysis of ligand-receptor interactions identified important potential molecular communications between venous ECs and infiltrated immune populations. To confirm the relevance of our observation in the context of human disease, we validated the protein expression of the most upregulated genes (Ackr1 and Lcn2) in MS lesions. DISCUSSION In this study, we provide a landscape of the cellular heterogeneity associated with neuroinflammation. We also present important molecular insights for further exploration of specific cell processes that promote infiltration of immune cells inside the brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Philippe Fournier
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Charabati
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chloé Hoornaert
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lyne Bourbonnière
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Larouche
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fiona Tea
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yu Chang Wang
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Zandee
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Cossu D, Yokoyama K, Sato S, Noda S, Sakanishi T, Sechi LA, Hattori N. Age related immune modulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in PINK1 knockout mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1036680. [PMID: 36466826 PMCID: PMC9714542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1036680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research has shown that Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, modulates peripheral immune cells-mediated immunity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Because the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) protein acts upstream of Parkin in a common mitochondrial quality control pathway, we hypothesized that the systemic deletion of PINK1 could also modify the clinical course of EAE, altering the peripheral and central nervous systems' immune responses. METHODS EAE was induced in female PINK1-/- mice of different age groups by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide. RESULTS Compared to young wild-type controls, PINK1-/- mice showed earlier disease onset, albeit with a slightly less severe disease, while adult PINK1-/- mice displayed early onset and more severe acute symptoms than controls, showing persistent disease during the recovery phase. In adult mice, EAE severity was associated with significant increases in frequency of dendritic cells (CD11C+, IAIE+), lymphocytes (CD8+), neutrophils (Ly6G+, CD11b+), and a dysregulated cytokine profile in spleen. Furthermore, a massive macrophage (CD68+) infiltration and microglia (TMEM119+) and astrocyte (GFAP+) activation were detected in the spinal cord of adult PINK1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS PINK1 plays an age-related role in modulating the peripheral inflammatory response during EAE, potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory and other associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Shigeto Sato
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Noda
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Virology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- SC Microbiologia Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
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22
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Rajendran R, Rajendran V, Gupta L, Shirvanchi K, Schunin D, Karnati S, Giraldo-Velásquez M, Berghoff M. Interferon Beta-1a versus Combined Interferon Beta-1a and Oligodendrocyte-Specific FGFR1 Deletion in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012183. [PMID: 36293040 PMCID: PMC9603153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant beta interferons-1 (IFNβ-1) are used as first line therapies in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the CNS. IFNβ-1a/b has moderate effects on the prevention of relapses and slowing of disease progression. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and FGF receptors (FGFRs) are known to play a key role in the pathology of MS and its model EAE. To investigate the effects of short-term treatment with s.c. IFNβ-1a versus the combined application of s.c. IFNβ-1a and oligodendrocyte-specific deletion of FGFR1 (Fgfr1ind−/− mice) in MOG35-55-induced EAE. IFNβ-1a (30 mg/kg) was applied s.c. from days 0–7 p.i. of EAE in controls and Fgfr1ind−/− mice. FGFR signaling proteins associated with inflammation/degeneration in MS/EAE were analyzed by western blot in the spinal cord. Further, FGFR1 in Oli-neu oligodendrocytes were inhibited by PD166866 and treated with IFNβ-1a (400 ng/mL). Application of IFNβ-1a over 8 days resulted in less symptoms only at the peak of disease (days 9–11) compared to controls. Application of IFNβ-1a in Fgfr1ind−/− mice resulted in less symptoms primarily in the chronic phase of EAE. Fgfr1ind−/− mice treated with IFNβ-1a showed increased expression of pERK and BDNF. In Oli-neu oligodendrocytes, treatment with PD166866 and IFNβ-1a also showed an increased expression of pERK and BDNF/TrkB. These data suggest that the beneficial effects in the chronic phase of EAE and on signaling molecules associated with ERK and BDNF expression are caused by the modulation of FGFR1 and not by interferon beta-1a. FGFR may be a potential target for therapy in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjithkumar Rajendran
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vinothkumar Rajendran
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Liza Gupta
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kian Shirvanchi
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Darja Schunin
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Berghoff
- Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, 35385 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-98544306; Fax: +49-641-98545329
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Edo Á, Calvo-Barreiro L, Eixarch H, Bosch A, Chillón M, Espejo C. Therapeutic Effect of IL-21 Blockage by Gene Therapy in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1617-1633. [PMID: 35902536 PMCID: PMC9606180 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic role of the interleukin 21 (IL-21) in different autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), has been extensively studied. However, its pleiotropic nature makes it a cytokine that may exhibit different activity depending on the immunological stage of the disease. In this study, we developed a gene therapy strategy to block the interaction between IL-21 and its receptor (IL-21R) by using adeno-associated vectors (AAV) encoding a new soluble cytokine receptor (sIL21R) protein. We tested this strategy in a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), obtaining different clinical effects depending on the time at which the treatment was applied. Although the administration of the treatment during the development of the immune response was counterproductive, the preventive administration of the therapeutic vectors showed a protective effect by reducing the number of animals that developed the disease, as well as an improvement at the histopathological level and a modification of the immunological profile of the animals treated with the AAV8.sIL21R. The beneficial effect of the treatment was also observed when inducing the expression of the therapeutic molecule once the first neurological signs were established in a therapeutic approach with a doxycyline (Dox)-inducible expression system. All these clinical results highlight the pleiotropicity of this cytokine in the different clinical stages and its key role in the EAE immunopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Edo
- Institut de Neurociències (INc), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, (Campus UAB), Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Ed. H 5th level), 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Calvo-Barreiro
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129 (Ed. Collserola, Lab. 149), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Herena Eixarch
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129 (Ed. Collserola, Lab. 149), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Assumpció Bosch
- Institut de Neurociències (INc), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, (Campus UAB), Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Ed. H 5th level), 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Institut de Neurociències (INc), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, (Campus UAB), Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Ed. H 5th level), 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Vector Production Unit (UPV), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Espejo
- Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129 (Ed. Collserola, Lab. 149), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Mohammadi Kordkhayli M, Mansouri F, Talebi F, Noorbakhsh F, Saboor-Yaraghi AA. Influence of Vitamins A and D on the Expression of MicroRNA27-3p Isoforms and GATA3 in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 21:429-440. [PMID: 36243931 DOI: 10.18502/ijaai.v21i4.10290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vitamins A, D, and microRNAs contribute to T cell differentiation into TH2 phenotypes. We investigated the molecular mechanisms and effects of vitamin A and D on the expression of GATA3 and miR-27-3p isoforms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model of multiple sclerosis. EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, mixed with Complete Freund's Adjuvant, together with injection of pertussis toxin. Treatments began one day before immunization with (200 μg and 100 ng of vitamin A and vitamin D per mouse, respectively, and vitamin A+D (100 μg+50 ng) per mouse. Expression levels of GATA3 and miR‑27‑3p isoforms were measured in the CNS and splenocytes by real-time RT-PCR. The expression level of GATA3 in the mice spinal cords and splenocytes was increased in the vitamin A and A+D-treated EAE mice at 24 h and 48 h after restimulation by 10 µg and 40 µg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Vitamins A and D and their combination upregulated the miR-27-3p isoforms compared with EAE mice with no treatments. We also demonstrated that miR-273p isoform expression was altered in splenocytes of vitamin-treated EAE mice. The results showed a positive correlation between splenocyte GATA3 levels and miR-27-3p isoform expression. The protective impacts of vitamins A and D in EAE mice may be mediated by the upregulation of GATA3. However, it is not specified whether suppression of GATA3-targeting miRNAs of the miR-27-3p family is involved in this effect. These results do not rule out the possibility that miR-27-3p isoforms might have beneficial effects by targeting other transcripts, such as GluA2 and NR2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Mohammadi Kordkhayli
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farideh Talebi
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Rothammer N, Woo MS, Bauer S, Binkle-Ladisch L, Di Liberto G, Egervari K, Wagner I, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Merkler D, Engler JB, Friese MA. G9a dictates neuronal vulnerability to inflammatory stress via transcriptional control of ferroptosis. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm5500. [PMID: 35930635 PMCID: PMC9355351 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation leads to neuronal stress responses that contribute to neuronal dysfunction and loss. However, treatments that stabilize neurons and prevent their destruction are still lacking. Here, we identify the histone methyltransferase G9a as a druggable epigenetic regulator of neuronal vulnerability to inflammation. In murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and human multiple sclerosis (MS), we found that the G9a-catalyzed repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me2 was robustly induced by neuroinflammation. G9a activity repressed anti-ferroptotic genes, diminished intracellular glutathione levels, and triggered the iron-dependent programmed cell death pathway ferroptosis. Conversely, pharmacological treatment of EAE mice with a G9a inhibitor restored anti-ferroptotic gene expression, reduced inflammation-induced neuronal loss, and improved clinical outcome. Similarly, neuronal anti-ferroptotic gene expression was reduced in MS brain tissue and was boosted by G9a inhibition in human neuronal cultures. This study identifies G9a as a critical transcriptional enhancer of neuronal ferroptosis and potential therapeutic target to counteract inflammation-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Rothammer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel S. Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Binkle-Ladisch
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Basile MS, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. The Role of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081319. [PMID: 35893056 PMCID: PMC9394409 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system that presents heterogeneous clinical manifestations and course. It has been shown that different immune checkpoints, including Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), can be involved in the pathogenesis of MS. CTLA-4 is a critical regulator of T-cell homeostasis and self-tolerance and represents a key inhibitor of autoimmunity. In this scopingreview, we resume the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating the role of CTLA-4 in MS with different approaches. While some of these studies assessed the expression levels of CTLA-4 on T cells by comparing MS patients with healthy controls, others focused on the evaluation of the effects of common MS therapies on CTLA-4 modulation or on the study of the CTLA-4 blockade or deficiency in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Moreover, other studies in this field aimed to discover if the CTLA-4 gene might be involved in the predisposition to MS, whereas others evaluated the effects of treatment with CTLA4-Ig in MS. Although these results are of great interest, they are often conflicting. Therefore, further studies are needed to reveal the exact mechanisms underlying the action of a crucial immune checkpoint such as CTLA-4 in MS to identify novel immunotherapeutic strategies for MS patients.
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Bednarczyk M, Bolduan V, Haist M, Stege H, Hieber C, Johann L, Schelmbauer C, Blanfeld M, Karram K, Schunke J, Klaus T, Tubbe I, Montermann E, Röhrig N, Hartmann M, Schlosser J, Bopp T, Clausen BE, Waisman A, Bros M, Grabbe S. β2 Integrins on Dendritic Cells Modulate Cytokine Signaling and Inflammation-Associated Gene Expression, and Are Required for Induction of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142188. [PMID: 35883631 PMCID: PMC9322999 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterodimeric β2 integrin surface receptors (CD11a-d/CD18) are specifically expressed by leukocytes that contribute to pathogen uptake, cell migration, immunological synapse formation and cell signaling. In humans, the loss of CD18 expression results in leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome (LAD-)1, largely characterized by recurrent severe infections. All available mouse models display the constitutive and ubiquitous knockout of either α or the common β2 (CD18) subunit, which hampers the analysis of the cell type-specific role of β2 integrins in vivo. To overcome this limitation, we generated a CD18 gene floxed mouse strain. Offspring generated from crossing with CD11c-Cre mice displayed the efficient knockdown of β2 integrins, specifically in dendritic cells (DCs). Stimulated β2-integrin-deficient splenic DCs showed enhanced cytokine production and the concomitantly elevated activity of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1, 3 and 5, as well as the impaired expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 2–6 as assessed in bone marrow-derived (BM) DCs. Paradoxically, these BMDCs also showed the attenuated expression of genes involved in inflammatory signaling. In line, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice with a conditional DC-specific β2 integrin knockdown presented with a delayed onset and milder course of disease, associated with lower frequencies of T helper cell populations (Th)1/Th17 in the inflamed spinal cord. Altogether, our mouse model may prove to be a valuable tool to study the leukocyte-specific functions of β2 integrins in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bednarczyk
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Vanessa Bolduan
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Maximilian Haist
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Henner Stege
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Christoph Hieber
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Lisa Johann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Carsten Schelmbauer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Michaela Blanfeld
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
| | - Khalad Karram
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Jenny Schunke
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Tanja Klaus
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Ingrid Tubbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Evelyn Montermann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Nadine Röhrig
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Maike Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Jana Schlosser
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Björn E Clausen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.J.); (C.S.); (M.B.); (K.K.); (B.E.C.); (A.W.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (V.B.); (M.H.); (H.S.); (C.H.); (J.S.); (T.K.); (I.T.); (E.M.); (N.R.); (M.H.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-61-3117-4412
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Ross AG, Chaqour B, McDougald DS, Dine KE, Duong TT, Shindler RE, Yue J, Liu T, Shindler KS. Selective Upregulation of SIRT1 Expression in Retinal Ganglion Cells by AAV-Mediated Gene Delivery Increases Neuronal Cell Survival and Alleviates Axon Demyelination Associated with Optic Neuritis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:830. [PMID: 35740955 PMCID: PMC9221096 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic neuritis (ON), the most common ocular manifestation of multiple sclerosis, is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease also characterized by degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, which commonly leads to visual impairment despite attempted treatments. Although ON disease etiology is not known, changes in the redox system and exacerbated optic nerve inflammation play a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Silent information regulator 1 (sirtuin-1/SIRT1) is a ubiquitously expressed NAD+-dependent deacetylase, which functions to reduce/prevent both oxidative stress and inflammation in various tissues. Non-specific upregulation of SIRT1 by pharmacologic and genetic approaches attenuates RGC loss in experimental ON. Herein, we hypothesized that targeted expression of SIRT1 selectively in RGCs using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector as a delivery vehicle is an effective approach to reducing neurodegeneration and preserving vision in ON. We tested this hypothesis through intravitreal injection of AAV7m8.SNCG.SIRT1, an AAV2-derived vector optimized for highly efficient SIRT1 transgene transfer and protein expression into RGCs in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis that recapitulates optic neuritis RGC loss and axon demyelination. Our data show that EAE mice injected with a control vehicle exhibit progressive alteration of visual function reflected by decreasing optokinetic response (OKR) scores, whereas comparatively, AAV7m8.SNCG.SIRT1-injected EAE mice maintain higher OKR scores, suggesting that SIRT1 reduces the visual deficit imparted by EAE. Consistent with this, RGC survival determined by immunolabeling is increased and axon demyelination is decreased in the AAV7m8.SNCG.SIRT1 RGC-injected group of EAE mice compared to the mouse EAE counterpart injected with a vehicle or with control vector AAV7m8.SNCG.eGFP. However, immune cell infiltration of the optic nerve is not significantly different among all EAE groups of mice injected with either vehicle or AAV7m8.SNCG.SIRT1. We conclude that despite minimally affecting the inflammatory response in the optic nerve, AAV7m8-mediated SIRT1 transfer into RGCs has a neuroprotective potential against RGC loss, axon demyelination and vison deficits associated with EAE. Together, these data suggest that SIRT1 exerts direct effects on RGC survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmara G. Ross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brahim Chaqour
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Devin S. McDougald
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kimberly E. Dine
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thu T. Duong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ryan E. Shindler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jipeng Yue
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tehui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Shindler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (A.G.R.); (B.C.); (D.S.M.); (K.E.D.); (T.T.D.); (R.E.S.); (J.Y.); (T.L.)
- F. M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Lyu BJ, Zheng ZQ, Zheng KN, Wu LL, Xu HY, Tong PZ, Wu WP, Wu ZB, Zhao YQ. [Therapeutic effect of Shengjiang Powder on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice through IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway:based on HPLC]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:3361-3371. [PMID: 35851130 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211230.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method was established to analyze the components in Shengjiang Powder(SJP) such as emodin and curcumin and explore its therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) mice. To be specific, HPLC was performed to determine the content of compounds in SJP such as emodin and curcumin. A total of 72 female SPF C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into control group(equivalent volume of ultrapure water, ig), model group(equivalent volume of ultrapure water, ig), low-, medium-, and high-dose SJP groups(SJP, ig), and positive control group(prednisone acetate, ig), 12 each group. EAE was induced in mice except the control group. Administration began from the first day after immunization. The general conditions, symptom score, and body weight of the mice were recorded. On the 21 st day, mouse brain tissues were separrated. Then hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Luxol Fast Blue(LFB) staining were used to detect the pathological changes of brain tissues. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was employed to determine the myelin basic protein(MBP) level, and Western blot the expression of occludin and claudin-5, as well as the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) and proteins in the Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) pathway and their phosphorylation levels. The mRNA expression of IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR). Finally, molecular docking of six main active components in SJP, including emodin and curcumin, with IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 was performed, and the binding affinity was evaluated. The results showed that the established HPLC method demonstrated high precision, reproducibility, stability, and high recovery of samples. Compared with the model group, SJP reduced the clinical symptom score and alleviate the inflammatory infiltration of brain white matter and demyelination of EAE mice. At the same time, SJP increased the expression of occludin and claudin-5, down-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3, as well as the levels of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 proteins and the phosphorylation levels, with significant difference. Molecular docking suggested that the six active components in SJP had high binding energy with IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3 proteins. The established HPLC method is simple, accurate, and highly sensitive, which can simultaneously determine the content of emodin and curcumin in SJP. SJP may alleviate the clinical symptoms of EAE by inhibiting IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and relieving the inflammatory response and demyelinization of brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Jiang Lyu
- the First Clinical Medical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510405,China
| | - Ze-Quan Zheng
- the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - Ke-Nan Zheng
- the First Clinical Medical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510405,China
| | - Lu-Lu Wu
- the First Clinical Medical College,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510405,China
| | - Hao-You Xu
- the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510120,China
| | - Pei-Zhen Tong
- Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd./Guangdong Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Foshan 528244,China
| | - Wen-Ping Wu
- Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd./Guangdong Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Foshan 528244,China
| | - Zhi-Bing Wu
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510403,China
| | - Yuan-Qi Zhao
- the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou 510120,China
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Nishi R, Ohyagi M, Nagata T, Mabuchi Y, Yokota T. Regulation of activated microglia and macrophages by systemically administered DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotides. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2210-2223. [PMID: 35189344 PMCID: PMC9171263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation followed by recruitment of blood-borne macrophages into the central nervous system (CNS) aggravates neuroinflammation. Specifically, in multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of MS, activated microglia and macrophages (Mg/Mφ) promote proinflammatory responses and expand demyelination in the CNS. However, a potent therapeutic approach through the systemic route for regulating their functions has not yet been developed. Here, we demonstrate that a systemically injected DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO), composed of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and its complementary RNA, conjugated to cholesterol (Chol-HDO) distributed more efficiently to demyelinating lesions of the spinal cord in EAE mice with significant gene silencing than the parent ASO. Importantly, systemic administration of Cd40-targeting Chol-HDO improved clinical signs of EAE with significant downregulation of Cd40 in Mg/Mφ. Furthermore, we successfully identify that macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) is responsible for the uptake of Chol-HDO by Mg/Mφ of EAE mice. Overall, our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potency of systemically administered Chol-HDO to regulate activated Mg/Mφ in neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Nishi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohyagi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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31
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Lebas H, Guérit S, Picot A, Boulay AC, Fournier A, Vivien D, Cohen Salmon M, Docagne F, Bardou I. PAI-1 production by reactive astrocytes drives tissue dysfibrinolysis in multiple sclerosis models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:323. [PMID: 35633384 PMCID: PMC11072877 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS), disturbance of the plasminogen activation system (PAS) and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption are physiopathological processes that might lead to an abnormal fibrin(ogen) extravasation into the parenchyma. Fibrin(ogen) deposits, usually degraded by the PAS, promote an autoimmune response and subsequent demyelination. However, the PAS disruption is not well understood and not fully characterized in this disorder. METHODS Here, we characterized the expression of PAS actors during different stages of two mouse models of MS (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-EAE), in the central nervous system (CNS) by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Thanks to constitutive PAI-1 knockout mice (PAI-1 KO) and an immunotherapy using a blocking PAI-1 antibody, we evaluated the role of PAI-1 in EAE models and its impact on physiopathological processes such as fibrin(ogen) deposits, lymphocyte infiltration and demyelination. RESULTS We report a striking overexpression of PAI-1 in reactive astrocytes during symptomatic phases, in two EAE mouse models of MS. This increase is concomitant with lymphocyte infiltration and fibrin(ogen) deposits in CNS parenchyma. By genetic invalidation of PAI-1 in mice and immunotherapy using a blocking PAI-1 antibody, we demonstrate that abolition of PAI-1 reduces the severity of EAE and occurrence of relapses in two EAE models. These benefits are correlated with a decrease in fibrin(ogen) deposits, infiltration of T4 lymphocytes, reactive astrogliosis, demyelination and axonal damage. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that a deleterious overexpression of PAI-1 by reactive astrocytes leads to intra-parenchymal dysfibrinolysis in MS models and anti-PAI-1 strategies could be a new therapeutic perspective for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Lebas
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Sylvaine Guérit
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Picot
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Anne Cécile Boulay
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7241/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM, U1050/75231, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | - Antoine Fournier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - Martine Cohen Salmon
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7241/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM, U1050/75231, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
- Département de l'information scientifique et de la communication (DISC), INSERM, 75654, Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Isabelle Bardou
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France.
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32
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Fujiwara M, Raheja R, Garo LP, Ajay AK, Kadowaki-Saga R, Karandikar SH, Gabriely G, Krishnan R, Beynon V, Paul A, Patel A, Saxena S, Hu D, Healy BC, Chitnis T, Gandhi R, Weiner HL, Murugaiyan G. microRNA-92a promotes CNS autoimmunity by modulating the regulatory and inflammatory T cell balance. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e155693. [PMID: 35298438 PMCID: PMC9106347 DOI: 10.1172/jci155693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A disequilibrium between immunosuppressive Tregs and inflammatory IL-17-producing Th17 cells is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the Treg and Th17 imbalance in CNS autoimmunity remain largely unclear. Identifying the factors that drive this imbalance is of high clinical interest. Here, we report a major disease-promoting role for microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in CNS autoimmunity. miR-92a was elevated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and its loss attenuated EAE. Mechanistically, miR-92a mediated EAE susceptibility in a T cell-intrinsic manner by restricting Treg induction and suppressive capacity, while supporting Th17 responses, by directly repressing the transcription factor Foxo1. Although miR-92a did not directly alter Th1 differentiation, it appeared to indirectly promote Th1 cells by inhibiting Treg responses. Correspondingly, miR-92a inhibitor therapy ameliorated EAE by concomitantly boosting Treg responses and dampening inflammatory T cell responses. Analogous to our findings in mice, miR-92a was elevated in CD4+ T cells from patients with MS, and miR-92a silencing in patients' T cells promoted Treg development but limited Th17 differentiation. Together, our results demonstrate that miR-92a drives CNS autoimmunity by sustaining the Treg/Th17 imbalance and implicate miR-92a as a potential therapeutic target for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fujiwara
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Radhika Raheja
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lucien P. Garo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amrendra K. Ajay
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryoko Kadowaki-Saga
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sukrut H. Karandikar
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Galina Gabriely
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rajesh Krishnan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vanessa Beynon
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anu Paul
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amee Patel
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shrishti Saxena
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dan Hu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian C. Healy
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tanuja Chitnis
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roopali Gandhi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Howard L. Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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33
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Ferrara SJ, Chaudhary P, DeBell MJ, Marracci G, Miller H, Calkins E, Pocius E, Napier BA, Emery B, Bourdette D, Scanlan TS. TREM2 is thyroid hormone regulated making the TREM2 pathway druggable with ligands for thyroid hormone receptor. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:239-248.e4. [PMID: 34375614 PMCID: PMC8818810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) is a cell surface receptor on macrophages and microglia that senses and responds to disease-associated signals to regulate the phenotype of these innate immune cells. The TREM2 signaling pathway has been implicated in a variety of diseases ranging from neurodegeneration in the central nervous system to metabolic disease in the periphery. Here, we report that TREM2 is a thyroid hormone-regulated gene and its expression in macrophages and microglia is stimulated by thyroid hormone and synthetic thyroid hormone agonists (thyromimetics). Our findings report the endocrine regulation of TREM2 by thyroid hormone, and provide a unique opportunity to drug the TREM2 signaling pathway with orally active small-molecule therapeutic agents.
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MESH Headings
- Acetates/chemical synthesis
- Acetates/pharmacology
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microglia/drug effects
- Microglia/immunology
- Microglia/pathology
- Models, Molecular
- Phenols/chemical synthesis
- Phenols/pharmacology
- Phenoxyacetates/pharmacology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Response Elements
- Retinoid X Receptors/chemistry
- Retinoid X Receptors/genetics
- Retinoid X Receptors/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Thyroid Hormones/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J Ferrara
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L334, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Margaret J DeBell
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L334, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gail Marracci
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hannah Miller
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L334, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Evan Calkins
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Edvinas Pocius
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brooke A Napier
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, OR 97201, USA
| | - Ben Emery
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Dennis Bourdette
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas S Scanlan
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L334, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Krone A, Fu Y, Schreiber S, Kotrba J, Borde L, Nötzold A, Thurm C, Negele J, Franz T, Stegemann-Koniszewski S, Schreiber J, Garbers C, Shukla A, Geffers R, Schraven B, Reinhold D, Dudeck A, Reinhold A, Müller AJ, Kahlfuss S. Ionic mitigation of CD4 + T cell metabolic fitness, Th1 central nervous system autoimmunity and Th2 asthmatic airway inflammation by therapeutic zinc. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1943. [PMID: 35121767 PMCID: PMC8816938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) cells provide immunity to pathogens but also contribute to detrimental immune responses during allergy and autoimmunity. Th2 cells mediate asthmatic airway inflammation and Th1 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. T cell activation involves complex transcriptional networks and metabolic reprogramming, which enable proliferation and differentiation into Th1 and Th2 cells. The essential trace element zinc has reported immunomodulatory capacity and high zinc concentrations interfere with T cell function. However, how high doses of zinc affect T cell gene networks and metabolism remained so far elusive. Herein, we demonstrate by means of transcriptomic analysis that zinc aspartate (UNIZINK), a registered pharmaceutical infusion solution with high bioavailability, negatively regulates gene networks controlling DNA replication and the energy metabolism of murine CD3/CD28-activated CD4+ T cells. Specifically, in the presence of zinc, CD4+ T cells show impaired expression of cell cycle, glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle genes, which functionally cumulates in reduced glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolic fitness and viability. Moreover, high zinc concentrations impaired nuclear expression of the metabolic transcription factor MYC, prevented Th1 and Th2 differentiation in vitro and reduced Th1 autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and Th2 asthmatic airway inflammation induced by house dust mites in vivo. Together, we find that higher zinc doses impair the metabolic fitness of CD4+ T cells and prevent Th1 CNS autoimmunity and Th2 allergy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- Aspartic Acid/pharmacology
- Asthma/drug therapy
- Asthma/genetics
- Asthma/immunology
- Asthma/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Central Nervous System/drug effects
- Central Nervous System/immunology
- Central Nervous System/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Immunomodulating Agents/pharmacology
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pneumonia/drug therapy
- Pneumonia/genetics
- Pneumonia/immunology
- Pneumonia/metabolism
- Pyroglyphidae/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Th2 Cells/drug effects
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Zinc Compounds/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krone
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yan Fu
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schreiber
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Kotrba
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Loisa Borde
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aileen Nötzold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Thurm
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Negele
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Franz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski
- Experimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Magdeburg/Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jens Schreiber
- Experimental Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Magdeburg/Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aniruddh Shukla
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Dudeck
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Intravital Microscopy of Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kahlfuss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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35
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Shen Y, Yang R, Zhao J, Chen M, Chen S, Ji B, Chen H, Liu D, Li L, Du G. The histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice by inhibiting TLR2/MyD88 and HDAC3/ NF-κB p65-mediated neuroinflammation. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:105969. [PMID: 34758400 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a Th cell-mediated inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease. MS cannot be cured, and long-term drug treatment is still needed for MS patients. In this study, we examined the effect of belinostat, a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and elucidated its mechanism of action. We found that belinostat alleviates the clinical symptoms, histopathological central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and demyelination outcomes in EAE mice. Compared to the MS oral drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) (100 mg/kg), belinostat (30 mg/kg) treatment exhibited better efficacy in improving the clinical symptoms of EAE mice. Belinostat treatment significantly suppressed the activation of M1 microglia and the proinflammatory cytokine expression; but it had no effects on the M2 microglial polarization. Belinostat also decreased both NO and iNOS levels in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. Accordingly, belinostat treatment of EAE mice significantly inhibited activation of the TLR2/MyD88 signaling pathway and downregulated the expression of HDAC3 while upregulating the acetylated NF-κB p65 levels. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time that belinostat ameliorates EAE in mice through inhibiting neuroinflammation via suppressing M1 microglial polarization, and implicating belinostat as a potential candidate for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baixi Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Depei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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Marchetti L, Francisco D, Soldati S, Haghayegh Jahromi N, Barcos S, Gruber I, Pareja JR, Thiriot A, von Andrian U, Deutsch U, Lyck R, Bruggmann R, Engelhardt B. ACKR1 favors transcellular over paracellular T-cell diapedesis across the blood-brain barrier in neuroinflammation in vitro. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:161-177. [PMID: 34524684 PMCID: PMC9293480 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The migration of CD4+ effector/memory T cells across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical step in MS or its animal model, EAE. T-cell diapedesis across the BBB can occur paracellular, via the complex BBB tight junctions or transcellular via a pore through the brain endothelial cell body. Making use of primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (pMBMECs) as in vitro model of the BBB, we here directly compared the transcriptome profile of pMBMECs favoring transcellular or paracellular T-cell diapedesis by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We identified the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (Ackr1) as one of the main candidate genes upregulated in pMBMECs favoring transcellular T-cell diapedesis. We confirmed upregulation of ACKR1 protein in pMBMECs promoting transcellular T-cell diapedesis and in venular endothelial cells in the CNS during EAE. Lack of endothelial ACKR1 reduced transcellular T-cell diapedesis across pMBMECs under physiological flow in vitro. Combining our previous observation that endothelial ACKR1 contributes to EAE pathogenesis by shuttling chemokines across the BBB, the present data support that ACKR1 mediated chemokine shuttling enhances transcellular T-cell diapedesis across the BBB during autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Marchetti
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - David Francisco
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Sasha Soldati
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Sara Barcos
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Isabelle Gruber
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- present address: Department of Oncology, Lausanne University HospitalUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Aude Thiriot
- Department of Immunology and Center for Immune ImagingHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and HarvardCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ulrich von Andrian
- Department of Immunology and Center for Immune ImagingHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and HarvardCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Urban Deutsch
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Ruth Lyck
- Theodor Kocher InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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37
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Ohyagi M, Nagata T, Ihara K, Yoshida-Tanaka K, Nishi R, Miyata H, Abe A, Mabuchi Y, Akazawa C, Yokota T. DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide technology for regulating lymphocytes in vivo. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7344. [PMID: 34937876 PMCID: PMC8695577 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulating lymphocyte functions with gene silencing approaches is promising for treating autoimmunity, inflammation, and cancer. Although oligonucleotide therapy has been proven to be successful in treating several conditions, efficient in vivo delivery of oligonucleotide to lymphocyte populations remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that intravenous injection of a heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO), comprised of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and its complementary RNA conjugated to α-tocopherol, silences lymphocyte endogenous gene expression with higher potency, efficacy, and longer retention time than ASOs. Importantly, reduction of Itga4 by HDO ameliorates symptoms in both adoptive transfer and active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Our findings reveal the advantages of HDO with enhanced gene knockdown effect and different delivery mechanisms compared with ASO. Thus, regulation of lymphocyte functions by HDO is a potential therapeutic option for immune-mediated diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intravenous
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Demyelinating Diseases/genetics
- Demyelinating Diseases/immunology
- Demyelinating Diseases/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Endocytosis/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Silencing
- Graft vs Host Disease/genetics
- Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
- Humans
- Integrin alpha4/genetics
- Integrin alpha4/metabolism
- Jurkat Cells
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/administration & dosage
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/metabolism
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/pharmacokinetics
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/pharmacology
- Oligonucleotides/administration & dosage
- Oligonucleotides/metabolism
- Oligonucleotides/pharmacokinetics
- Oligonucleotides/pharmacology
- RNA/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- Tissue Distribution/drug effects
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ohyagi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Ihara
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kie Yoshida-Tanaka
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rieko Nishi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyata
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Abe
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hollier PL, Chapouly C, Diop A, Guimbal S, Cornuault L, Gadeau AP, Renault MA. Full-length Dhh and N-terminal Shh act as competitive antagonists to regulate angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2489-2501. [PMID: 33063110 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The therapeutic potential of Hedgehog (Hh) signalling agonists for vascular diseases is of growing interest. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the role of the Hh signalling in vascular biology remain poorly understood. The purpose of the present article is to clarify some conflicting literature data. METHODS AND RESULTS With this goal, we have demonstrated that, unexpectedly, ectopically administered N-terminal Sonic Hh (N-Shh) and endogenous endothelial-derived Desert Hh (Dhh) induce opposite effects in endothelial cells (ECs). Notably, endothelial Dhh acts under its full-length soluble form (FL-Dhh) and activates Smoothened in ECs, while N-Shh inhibits it. At molecular level, N-Shh prevents FL-Dhh binding to Patched-1 (Ptch1) demonstrating that N-Shh acts as competitive antagonist to FL-Dhh. Besides, we found that even though FL-Hh ligands and N-Hh ligands all bind Ptch1, they induce distinct Ptch1 localization. Finally, we confirmed that in a pathophysiological setting, i.e. brain inflammation, astrocyte-derived N-Shh acts as a FL-Dhh antagonist. CONCLUSION The present study highlights for the first time that FL-Dhh and N-Hh ligands have antagonistic properties especially in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Hollier
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Candice Chapouly
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Aissata Diop
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Sarah Guimbal
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Lauriane Cornuault
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Alain-Pierre Gadeau
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Marie-Ange Renault
- Inserm, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Bordeaux, U1034, 1, avenue de Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France
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Zhang J, Xu X, Liu H, Jin L, Shen X, Xie C, Xiang W, Yang D, Feng W, Wang J, Wang M, Dong T, Qiu H, Wu L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Huang Z. Astrocytic YAP prevents the demyelination through promoting expression of cholesterol synthesis genes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:907. [PMID: 34611127 PMCID: PMC8492624 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterols are the main components of myelin, and are mainly synthesized in astrocytes and transported to oligodendrocytes and neurons in the adult brain. It has been reported that Hippo/yes-associated protein (YAP) pathways are involved in cholesterol synthesis in the liver, however, it remains unknown whether YAP signaling can prevent the demyelination through promoting cholesterol synthesis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a commonly used animal model of multiple sclerosis characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination. Here, we found that YAP was upregulated and activated in astrocytes of spinal cords of EAE mice through suppression of the Hippo pathway. YAP deletion in astrocytes aggravated EAE with earlier onset, severer inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, and more loss of neurons. Furthermore, we found that the neuroinflammation was aggravated and the proliferation of astrocytes was decreased in YAPGFAP-CKO EAE mice. Mechanically, RNA-seq revealed that the expression of cholesterol-synthesis pathway genes such as HMGCS1 were decreased in YAP-/- astrocytes. qPCR, western blot, and immunostaining further confirmed the more significant reduction of HMGCS1 in spinal cord astrocytes of YAPGFAP-CKO EAE mice. Interestingly, upregulation of cholesterol-synthesis pathways by diarylpropionitrile (DPN) (an ERβ-ligand, to upregulate the expression of HMGCS1) treatment partially rescued the demyelination deficits in YAPGFAP-CKO EAE mice. Finally, activation of YAP by XMU-MP-1 treatment promoted the expression of HMGCS1 in astrocytes and partially rescued the demyelination and inflammatory infiltration deficits in EAE mice. These findings identify unrecognized functions of astrocytic YAP in the prevention of demyelination through promoting cholesterol synthesis in EAE, and reveal a novel pathway of YAP/HMGCS1 for cholesterol synthesis in EAE pathology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Astrocytes/pathology
- Body Weight
- Cell Proliferation
- Cholesterol/biosynthesis
- Demyelinating Diseases/genetics
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hippo Signaling Pathway
- Inflammation/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Biological
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurons/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Recovery of Function
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- Spinal Cord/ultrastructure
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- YAP-Signaling Proteins/deficiency
- YAP-Signaling Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, and Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huitao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingting Jin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiya Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changnan Xie
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danlu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjin Feng
- Zhejiang Sinogen Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mianxian Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyingying Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhihui Huang
- School of Pharmacy, and Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Lim CK. Chewing the fat on an emerging target in multiple sclerosis. EBioMedicine 2021; 72:103603. [PMID: 34610504 PMCID: PMC8497846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chai K Lim
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Rojo JM, Montes-Casado M, Aragoneses-Fenoll L, Ojeda G, Dianzani U, Portolés P. PI3-Kinase p110α Deficiency Modulates T Cell Homeostasis and Function and Attenuates Experimental Allergic Encephalitis in Mature Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168698. [PMID: 34445401 PMCID: PMC8395417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) are involved in the development of normal and autoimmune responses, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for human multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, the role of the ubiquitously expressed class IA PI3K p110α catalytic subunits in EAE has been analyzed using a model of Cre/flox mediated T cell specific deletion of p110α catalytic chain (p110αΔT). Comparison of two month-old (young) and six month-old (mature) p110αΔT mice and their wild type (WT) counterparts indicated loss of spleen CD4+ T cells that increased with age, indicating a role of p110α in their homeostasis. In contrast, CD4+ T regulatory (Treg) cells were enhanced in mature p110αΔT mice when compared to WT mice. Since Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) peptide-induced EAE is dependent on, or mediated by CD4+ T cells and CD4+ T cell-derived cytokines and controlled by Treg cells, development of EAE in young and mature WT or p110αΔT mice was analyzed. EAE clinical symptoms and disease scores in six month p110αΔT mice were significantly lower than those of mature WT, or young WT and p110αΔT mice. Furthermore, ex vivo antigen activation of lymph node cells from MOG immunized mature p110αΔT mice induced significantly lower levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A than young p110αΔT or young and mature WT mice. Other cytokines including IL-2, IL-10 or TNF-α showed no significant differences between p110αΔT and WT mature mice. Our data show a lower incidence of MOG-induced EAE in mature p110αΔT mice linked to altered T cell homeostasis and lower secretion of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Rojo
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.); (P.P.)
| | - María Montes-Casado
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (L.A.-F.); (G.O.)
| | - Laura Aragoneses-Fenoll
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (L.A.-F.); (G.O.)
| | - Gloria Ojeda
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (L.A.-F.); (G.O.)
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Pilar Portolés
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (L.A.-F.); (G.O.)
- Presidencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.); (P.P.)
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Shahi SK, Ali S, Jaime CM, Guseva NV, Mangalam AK. HLA Class II Polymorphisms Modulate Gut Microbiota and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Phenotype. Immunohorizons 2021; 5:627-646. [PMID: 34380664 PMCID: PMC8728531 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS in which the interaction between genetic and environmental factors plays an important role in disease pathogenesis. Although environmental factors account for 70% of disease risk, the exact environmental factors associated with MS are unknown. Recently, gut microbiota has emerged as a potential missing environmental factor linked with the pathobiology of MS. Yet, how genetic factors, such as HLA class II gene(s), interact with gut microbiota and influence MS is unclear. In the current study, we investigated whether HLA class II genes that regulate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS susceptibility also influence gut microbiota. Previously, we have shown that HLA-DR3 transgenic mice lacking endogenous mouse class II genes (AE-KO) were susceptible to myelin proteolipid protein (91-110)-induced EAE, an animal model of MS, whereas AE-KO.HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice were resistant. Surprisingly, HLA-DR3.DQ8 double transgenic mice showed higher disease prevalence and severity compared with HLA-DR3 mice. Gut microbiota analysis showed that HLA-DR3, HLA-DQ8, and HLA-DR3.DQ8 double transgenic mice microbiota are compositionally different from AE-KO mice. Within HLA class II transgenic mice, the microbiota of HLA-DQ8 mice were more similar to HLA-DR3.DQ8 than HLA-DR3. As the presence of DQ8 on an HLA-DR3 background increases disease severity, our data suggests that HLA-DQ8-specific microbiota may contribute to disease severity in HLA-DR3.DQ8 mice. Altogether, our study provides evidence that the HLA-DR and -DQ genes linked to specific gut microbiota contribute to EAE susceptibility or resistance in a transgenic animal model of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soham Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | | | | | - Ashutosh K Mangalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA;
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Tatomir A, Beltrand A, Nguyen V, Courneya JP, Boodhoo D, Cudrici C, Muresanu DF, Rus V, Badea TC, Rus H. RGC-32 Acts as a Hub to Regulate the Transcriptomic Changes Associated With Astrocyte Development and Reactive Astrocytosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705308. [PMID: 34394104 PMCID: PMC8358671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32) is an important mediator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, and an increasing amount of evidence implicates this protein in regulating astrocyte biology. We showed recently that spinal cord astrocytes in mice lacking RGC-32 display an immature phenotype reminiscent of progenitors and radial glia, with an overall elongated morphology, increased proliferative capacity, and increased expression of progenitor markers when compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts that make them incapable of undergoing reactive changes during the acute phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, in order to decipher the molecular networks underlying RGC-32's ability to regulate astrocytic maturation and reactivity, we performed next-generation sequencing of RNA from WT and RGC-32 knockout (KO) neonatal mouse brain astrocytes, either unstimulated or stimulated with the pleiotropic cytokine TGF-β. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that RGC-32 is critical for the TGF-β-induced up-regulation of transcripts encoding proteins involved in brain development and tissue remodeling, such as axonal guidance molecules, transcription factors, extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, and proteoglycans. Our next-generation sequencing of RNA analysis also demonstrated that a lack of RGC-32 results in a significant induction of WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (Wdfy1) and stanniocalcin-1 (Stc1). Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal cords isolated from normal adult mice and mice with EAE at the peak of disease showed that RGC-32 is necessary for the in vivo expression of ephrin receptor type A7 in reactive astrocytes, and that the lack of RGC-32 results in a higher number of homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX)+ and CD133+ radial glia cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that RGC-32 plays a major role in modulating the transcriptomic changes in astrocytes that ultimately lead to molecular programs involved in astrocytic differentiation and reactive changes during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Austin Beltrand
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jean-Paul Courneya
- Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cornelia Cudrici
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dafin F. Muresanu
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tudor C. Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, N-NRL, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Research and Development Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, United States
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44
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Hiltensperger M, Beltrán E, Kant R, Tyystjärvi S, Lepennetier G, Domínguez Moreno H, Bauer IJ, Grassmann S, Jarosch S, Schober K, Buchholz VR, Kenet S, Gasperi C, Öllinger R, Rad R, Muschaweckh A, Sie C, Aly L, Knier B, Garg G, Afzali AM, Gerdes LA, Kümpfel T, Franzenburg S, Kawakami N, Hemmer B, Busch DH, Misgeld T, Dornmair K, Korn T. Skin and gut imprinted helper T cell subsets exhibit distinct functional phenotypes in central nervous system autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:880-892. [PMID: 34099917 PMCID: PMC7611097 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Multidimensional single-cell analyses of T cells have fueled the debate about whether there is extensive plasticity or 'mixed' priming of helper T cell subsets in vivo. Here, we developed an experimental framework to probe the idea that the site of priming in the systemic immune compartment is a determinant of helper T cell-induced immunopathology in remote organs. By site-specific in vivo labeling of antigen-specific T cells in inguinal (i) or gut draining mesenteric (m) lymph nodes, we show that i-T cells and m-T cells isolated from the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) in a model of multiple sclerosis (MS) are distinct. i-T cells were Cxcr6+, and m-T cells expressed P2rx7. Notably, m-T cells infiltrated white matter, while i-T cells were also recruited to gray matter. Therefore, we propose that the definition of helper T cell subsets by their site of priming may guide an advanced understanding of helper T cell biology in health and disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Autoimmunity/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Cell Lineage
- Cerebrospinal Fluid/immunology
- Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Fingolimod Hydrochloride/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Intestines/drug effects
- Intestines/immunology
- Intravital Microscopy
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Prospective Studies
- RNA-Seq
- Receptors, CXCR6/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR6/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/metabolism
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/transplantation
- Transcriptome
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hiltensperger
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ravi Kant
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sofia Tyystjärvi
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gildas Lepennetier
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Domínguez Moreno
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel J Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Simon Grassmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Kenet
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Gasperi
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Sie
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Garima Garg
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali M Afzali
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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45
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Marks KE, Flaherty S, Patterson KM, Stratton M, Martinez GJ, Reynolds JM. Toll-like receptor 2 induces pathogenicity in Th17 cells and reveals a role for IPCEF in regulating Th17 cell migration. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109303. [PMID: 34192530 PMCID: PMC8270556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Th17 cells drive inflammation in autoimmune disease, yet the molecular programming underlying Th17 cell pathogenicity remains insufficiently understood. Activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) increases Th17 cell inflammatory potential, but little is known regarding the mechanistic outcomes of TLR2 signaling in Th17 cells. Here, we demonstrate that TLR2 is comparable to IL-23 in inducing pathogenicity and increasing the migratory capacity of Th17 cells. We perform RNA sequencing of Th17 cells stimulated though the TLR2 pathway and find differential expression of several genes linked with the Th17 genetic program as well as genes not previously associated with pathogenic Th17 cells, including Ipcef1. Enforced expression of Ipcef1 in Th17 cells abolishes the TLR2-dependent increases in migratory capacity and severely impairs the ability of Th17 cells to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This study establishes the importance of the TLR2 signaling pathway in inducing Th17 cell pathogenicity and driving autoimmune inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryne E Marks
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Flaherty
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristen M Patterson
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Stratton
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gustavo J Martinez
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph M Reynolds
- Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology, and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.
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46
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Kim J, Islam SMT, Qiao F, Singh AK, Khan M, Won J, Singh I. Regulation of B cell functions by S-nitrosoglutathione in the EAE model. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102053. [PMID: 34175668 PMCID: PMC8246645 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells play both protective and pathogenic roles in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases by releasing regulatory vs. pathogenic cytokines. B cell-depleting therapy has been attempted in various autoimmune diseases but its efficacy varies and can even worsen symptoms due to depletion of B cells releasing regulatory cytokines along with B cells releasing pathogenic cytokines. Here, we report that S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and GSNO-reductase (GSNOR) inhibitor N6022 drive upregulation of regulatory cytokine (IL-10) and downregulation of pathogenic effector cytokine (IL-6) in B cells and protected against the neuroinflammatory disease of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In human and mouse B cells, the GSNO/N6022-mediated regulation of IL-10 vs. IL-6 was not limited to regulatory B cells but also to a broad range of B cell subsets and antibody-secreting cells. Adoptive transfer of B cells from N6022 treated EAE mice or EAE mice deficient in the GSNOR gene also regulated T cell balance (Treg > Th17) and reduced clinical disease in the recipient EAE mice. The data presented here provide evidence of the role of GSNO in shifting B cell immune balance (IL-10 > IL-6) and the preclinical relevance of N6022, a first-in-class drug targeting GSNOR with proven human safety, as therapeutics for autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis. GSNO and GSNOR inhibitor (N6022) upregulates IL-10 and downregulates IL-6 in B cells. GSNO/N6022-mediated cytokine regulation occurs in a broad range of B cell subsets. GSNO/N6022 treatment ameliorates autoimmune disease of EAE. B cell transfer from N6022-treated or GSNOR null EAE mice to EAE mice shifts T cell balance (Treg > Th17) and alleviates EAE. The data provide the first insight into the therapeutic potential of GSNO/N6022 targeting B cells in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - S M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jeseong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
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47
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Zare-Chahoki A, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M, Azadarmaki S, Ghorbani S, Noorbakhsh F. Inflammation in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis Leads to MicroRNA-25-3p Dysregulation Associated with Inhibition of Pten and Klf4. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 20:314-325. [PMID: 34134453 DOI: 10.18502/ijaai.v20i3.6337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Perturbed expression of microRNAs (miRs) has been reported in different diseases including autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-25-3p and its targets in the central nervous system (CNS) tissue from mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We also analyzed the expression of miR-25 and its targets in activated macrophages and splenocytes. EAE was induced in 12-week old female C57BL/6 mice; using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55/complete Freund's adjuvant (MOG35-55/CFA) protocol. The expression of miR-25-3p and its targets, as well as the expression of inflammatory cytokines, were analyzed. We next established primary macrophage cultures as well as splenocyte cultures and evaluated the levels of miR-25-3p and its target genes in these cells following activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies, respectively. MiR-25-3p expression showed a strong positive correlation with the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1α, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) and Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) was significantly reduced at the peak of the disease. Interestingly, Pten and Klf4 expression showed a significant negative correlation with miR-25-3p. Analysis of miR-25-3p expression in LPS-treated primary macrophages revealed significant upregulation in cells treated with 100ng/ml of LPS. This was associated with suppressed levels of miR-25-3p targets in these cells. However, anti-CD3/anti-CD28-stimulated splenocytes failed to show any alterations in miR-25-3p expression compared with vehicle-treated cells. Our results indicate that miR-25-3p expression is likely induced by inflammatory mediators during autoimmune neuroinflammation. This upregulation is associated with decreased levels of Pten and Klf4, genes with known roles in cell cycle regulation and inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmunity
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/enzymology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Female
- Freund's Adjuvant
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4/metabolism
- Macrophage Activation
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments
- Signal Transduction
- Spleen/enzymology
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Zare-Chahoki
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Samira Ghorbani
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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48
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Na SY, Krishnamoorthy G. Targeted Expression of Myelin Autoantigen in the Periphery Induces Antigen-Specific T and B Cell Tolerance and Ameliorates Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:668487. [PMID: 34149706 PMCID: PMC8206569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a great interest in developing antigen-specific therapeutic approaches for the treatment of autoimmune diseases without compromising normal immune function. The key challenges are to control all antigen-specific lymphocyte populations that contribute to pathogenic inflammatory processes and to provide long-term protection from disease relapses. Here, we show that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific tolerance can be established by ectopic expression of MOG in the immune organs. Using transgenic mice expressing MOG-specific CD4, CD8, and B cell receptors, we show that MOG expression in the bone marrow cells results in impaired development of MOG-specific lymphocytes. Ectopic MOG expression has also resulted in long-lasting protection from MOG-induced autoimmunity. This finding raises hope that transplantation of autoantigen-expressing bone marrow cells as a therapeutic strategy for specific autoantigen-driven autoimmune diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmunity
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/immunology
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Cells, Cultured
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor
- Immune Tolerance
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/genetics
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Mucosal Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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49
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Woo MS, Ufer F, Rothammer N, Di Liberto G, Binkle L, Haferkamp U, Sonner JK, Engler JB, Hornig S, Bauer S, Wagner I, Egervari K, Raber J, Duvoisin RM, Pless O, Merkler D, Friese MA. Neuronal metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 protects against neurodegeneration in CNS inflammation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201290. [PMID: 33661276 PMCID: PMC7938362 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with continuous neuronal loss. Treatment of clinical progression remains challenging due to lack of insights into inflammation-induced neurodegenerative pathways. Here, we show that an imbalance in the neuronal receptor interactome is driving glutamate excitotoxicity in neurons of MS patients and identify the MS risk-associated metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) as a decisive modulator. Mechanistically, GRM8 activation counteracted neuronal cAMP accumulation, thereby directly desensitizing the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). This profoundly limited glutamate-induced calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent cell death. Notably, we found Grm8-deficient neurons to be more prone to glutamate excitotoxicity, whereas pharmacological activation of GRM8 augmented neuroprotection in mouse and human neurons as well as in a preclinical mouse model of MS. Thus, we demonstrate that GRM8 conveys neuronal resilience to CNS inflammation and is a promising neuroprotective target with broad therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S. Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Ufer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lars Binkle
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K. Sonner
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Hornig
- Experimentelle Neuropädiatrie, Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Robert M. Duvoisin
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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50
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Ma C, Li S, Hu Y, Ma Y, Wu Y, Wu C, Liu X, Wang B, Hu G, Zhou J, Yang S. AIM2 controls microglial inflammation to prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201796. [PMID: 33710283 PMCID: PMC7961553 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the PYHIN family member absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), another important inflammasome sensor, in EAE remains unclear. In this study, we found that AIM2 negatively regulates the pathogenesis of EAE independent of inflammasome activation. AIM2 deficiency enhanced microglia activation and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the CNS, thereby promoting neuroinflammation and demyelination during EAE. Mechanistically, AIM2 negatively regulates the DNA-PK-AKT3 in microglia to control neuroinflammation synergistically induced by cGAS and DNA-PK. Administration of a DNA-PK inhibitor reduced the severity of the EAE. Collectively, these findings identify a new role for AIM2 in controlling the onset of EAE. Furthermore, delineation of the underlying inflammasome-independent mechanism highlights cGAS and DNA-PK signaling as potential targets for the treatment of heterogeneous MS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cells, Cultured
- Central Nervous System/immunology
- Central Nervous System/metabolism
- Central Nervous System/pathology
- DNA-Activated Protein Kinase/genetics
- DNA-Activated Protein Kinase/immunology
- DNA-Activated Protein Kinase/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Inflammasomes/genetics
- Inflammasomes/immunology
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microglia/immunology
- Microglia/metabolism
- Microglia/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/immunology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingchao Hu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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