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Chen T, He X, Wang J, Du D, Xu Y. NT-3 Combined with TGF-β Signaling Pathway Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Glial Scar Formation and Promoting Axonal Regeneration. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1484-1495. [PMID: 37318740 PMCID: PMC11101526 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in promoting spinal cord injury repair through the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. A mouse model of spinal cord injury was established. Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomized into model, NT-3, NT-3 + TGF-β1 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores of the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups were significantly higher than the model group. The BBB score of the NT-3 + TGF-β1 group was significantly lower than NT-3 group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy showed reduction in myelin sheath injury, more myelinated nerve fibers in the middle section of the catheter, and relatively higher density and more neatly arranged regenerated axons in the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups compared with the model and NT-3 + TGF-β1 groups. Immunofluorescence, TUNEL and Western blot analysis showed that compared with model group, the NEUN expression increased, and the apoptosis and Col IV, LN, CSPG, tenascin-C, Sema 3 A, EphB2 and Smad2/3 protein expression decreased significantly in the NT-3 and NT-3 + LY364947 groups; the condition was reversed in the NT-3 + TGF-β1 group compared with the NT-3 group. NT-3 combined with TGF-β signaling pathway promotes astrocyte differentiation, reduces axon regeneration inhibitory molecules, apoptosis and glial scar formation, promotes axon regeneration, and improves spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taibang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Di Du
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, No. 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 212 Daguanlu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
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Sharma D, Feng X, Wang B, Yasin B, Bekker A, Hu H, Tao YX. NT-3 contributes to chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain through TrkC-mediated CCL2 elevation in DRG neurons. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2375-2390. [PMID: 38594391 PMCID: PMC11094060 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients undergoing treatment with antineoplastic drugs often experience chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP), and the therapeutic options for managing CINP are limited. Here, we show that systemic paclitaxel administration upregulates the expression of neurotrophin-3 (Nt3) mRNA and NT3 protein in the neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG), but not in the spinal cord. Blocking NT3 upregulation attenuates paclitaxel-induced mechanical, heat, and cold nociceptive hypersensitivities and spontaneous pain without altering acute pain and locomotor activity in male and female mice. Conversely, mimicking this increase produces enhanced responses to mechanical, heat, and cold stimuli and spontaneous pain in naive male and female mice. Mechanistically, NT3 triggers tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC) activation and participates in the paclitaxel-induced increases of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) mRNA and CCL2 protein in the DRG. Given that CCL2 is an endogenous initiator of CINP and that Nt3 mRNA co-expresses with TrkC and Ccl2 mRNAs in DRG neurons, NT3 likely contributes to CINP through TrkC-mediated activation of the Ccl2 gene in DRG neurons. NT3 may be thus a potential target for CINP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Sharma
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Xiaozhou Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Bushra Yasin
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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Stepanova OV, Fursa GA, Karsuntseva EK, Andretsova SS, Chadin AV, Voronova AD, Shishkina VS, Semkina AS, Reshetov IV, Chekhonin VP. Features of Remyelination after Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells with Neurotrophic Factors into Spinal Cord Cysts. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:666-671. [PMID: 38727956 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This paper shows for the first time that co-transplantation of human olfactory ensheathing cells with neurotrophin-3 into spinal cord cysts is more effective for activation of remyelination than transplantation of cells with brain-derived neurotrophic factor and a combination of these two factors. The studied neurotrophic factors do not affect proliferation and migration of ensheathing cells in vitro. It can be concluded that the maximum improvement of motor function in rats receiving ensheathing cells with neurotrophin-3 is largely determined by activation of remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Stepanova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- E. I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Fursa
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E K Karsuntseva
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S S Andretsova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Chadin
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Voronova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V S Shishkina
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Semkina
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Reshetov
- University Clinical Hospital, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Chekhonin
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Xu X, Song L, Li Y, Guo J, Huang S, Du S, Li W, Cao R, Cui S. Neurotrophin-3 promotes peripheral nerve regeneration by maintaining a repair state of Schwann cells after chronic denervation via the TrkC/ERK/c-Jun pathway. J Transl Med 2023; 21:733. [PMID: 37848983 PMCID: PMC10583391 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining the repair phenotype of denervated Schwann cells in the injured distal nerve is crucial for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. However, when chronically denervated, the capacity of Schwann cells to support repair and regeneration deteriorates, leading to peripheral nerve regeneration and poor functional recovery. Herein, we investigated whether neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) could sustain the reparative phenotype of Schwann cells and promote peripheral nerve regeneration after chronic denervation and aimed to uncover its potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS Western blot was employed to investigate the relationship between the expression of c-Jun and the reparative phenotype of Schwann cells. The inducible expression of c-Jun by NT-3 was examined both in vitro and in vivo with western blot and immunofluorescence staining. A chronic denervation model was established to study the role of NT-3 in peripheral nerve regeneration. The number of regenerated distal axons, myelination of regenerated axons, reinnervation of neuromuscular junctions, and muscle fiber diameters of target muscles were used to evaluate peripheral nerve regeneration by immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 2/9 carrying shRNA, small molecule inhibitors, and siRNA were employed to investigate whether NT-3 could signal through the TrkC/ERK pathway to maintain c-Jun expression and promote peripheral nerve regeneration after chronic denervation. RESULTS After peripheral nerve injury, c-Jun expression progressively increased until week 5 and then began to decrease in the distal nerve following denervation. NT-3 upregulated the expression of c-Jun in denervated Schwann cells, both in vitro and in vivo. NT-3 promoted peripheral nerve regeneration after chronic denervation, mainly by upregulating or maintaining a high level of c-Jun rather than NT-3 itself. The TrkC receptor was consistently presented on denervated Schwann cells and served as NT-3 receptors following chronic denervation. NT-3 mainly upregulated c-Jun through the TrkC/ERK pathway. CONCLUSION NT-3 promotes peripheral nerve regeneration by maintaining the repair phenotype of Schwann cells after chronic denervation via the TrkC/ERK/c-Jun pathway. It provides a potential target for the clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injury after chronic denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Song
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Du
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Rangjuan Cao
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China.
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
| | - Shusen Cui
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China.
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
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Trinh VQH, Lee TF, Lemoinne S, Ray KC, Ybanez MD, Tsuchida T, Carter JK, Agudo J, Brown BD, Akat KM, Friedman SL, Lee YA. Hepatic stellate cells maintain liver homeostasis through paracrine neurotrophin-3 signaling that induces hepatocyte proliferation. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadf6696. [PMID: 37253090 PMCID: PMC10367116 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adf6696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organ size is maintained by the controlled proliferation of distinct cell populations. In the mouse liver, hepatocytes in the midlobular zone that are positive for cyclin D1 (CCND1) repopulate the parenchyma at a constant rate to preserve liver mass. Here, we investigated how hepatocyte proliferation is supported by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), pericytes that are in close proximity to hepatocytes. We used T cells to ablate nearly all HSCs in the murine liver, enabling the unbiased characterization of HSC functions. In the normal liver, complete loss of HSCs persisted for up to 10 weeks and caused a gradual reduction in liver mass and in the number of CCND1+ hepatocytes. We identified neurotrophin-3 (Ntf-3) as an HSC-produced factor that induced the proliferation of midlobular hepatocytes through the activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Treating HSC-depleted mice with Ntf-3 restored CCND1+ hepatocytes in the midlobular region and increased liver mass. These findings establish that HSCs form the mitogenic niche for midlobular hepatocytes and identify Ntf-3 as a hepatocyte growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Fang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sara Lemoinne
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin C. Ray
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maria D. Ybanez
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuma Tsuchida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - James K. Carter
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Agudo
- Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian D. Brown
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kemal M. Akat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Youngmin A. Lee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
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Qian J, Pei Q, Jing R, Xue L, Dong X, Ren G, Feng L, Che F. Effects of butylphthalide on the levels of serum C-reactive protein, Parkinson disease protein 7 and neurotrophin-3 and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:349-354. [PMID: 35236646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of butylphthalide on the levels of serum CRP, PAPK7, NT-3 and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). 120 patients with ACI who were treated at Peking University First Hospital from September 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 60 cases in each group. Conventional methods were adopted in the control group, and the observation group used butylphthalide for treatment. Two months later, the clinical efficacy, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), Parkinson's disease protein 7 (PAPK7), neurotrophic factor-3 (NT-3) levels, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score before and after treatment were put into comparison and analysis. Before treatment, the NIHSS score showed no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05); An observably higher NIHSS score of the observation group compared with the control group was seen after treatment (p=0.000). Butylphthalide has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with ACI. It can effectively restore the patients' neurological function, and remarkably improve the serum CRP, PAPK7 and NT-3 levels, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- Neurology Department, Shanxi Jinzhong Second People's Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Qing Pei
- Imaging Department, Shanxi Jinzhong Second People's Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Runting Jing
- Neurology Department, Zichang People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Zichang, Shan'xi Province, China
| | - Lixi Xue
- Neurology Department, Yanhu Branch of The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shan'xi Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Dong
- Neurology Department, First Hospital of Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Guojin Ren
- Neurology Department, Shanxi Jinzhong Second People's Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Jinzhong Second People's Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Feng Che
- Neurology Department, Shanxi Jinzhong Second People's Hospital, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China
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Girotra P, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Bungau S. Investigation of the Molecular Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:173-186. [PMID: 34424488 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or abrineurin, is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors that acts on both the central and peripheral nervous systems. BDNF is also well known for its cardinal role in normal neural maturation. It binds to at least two receptors at the cell surface known as tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) and p75NTR. Additional neurotrophins that are anatomically linked with BDNF include neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), and nerve growth factor (NGF). It is evident that BDNF levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are altered. AD is a progressive disorder and a form of dementia, where the mental function of an elderly person is disrupted. It is associated with a progressive decline in cognitive function, which mainly targets the thinking, memory, and behavior of the person. The degeneration of neurons occurs in the cerebral cortex region of brain. The two major sources responsible for neuronal degeneration are protein fragment amyloid-beta (Aβ), which builds up in the spaces between the nerve cells, known as plaques, disrupting the neuron signaling pathway and leading to dementia, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are the twisted fibers of proteins that build up inside the cells. AD is highly prevalent, with recent data indicating nearly 5.8 million Americans aged 65 and older with AD in 2020, and with 80% of patients 75 and older. AD is recognized as the sixth leading cause of death in the USA, and its prevalence is predicted to increase exponentially in the coming years. As AD worsens over time, it becomes increasingly important to understand the exact pathophysiology, biomarkers, and treatment. In this article, we focus primarily on the controversial aspect of BDNF in AD, including its influence on various other proteins and enzymes and the current treatments associated with BDNF, along with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Girotra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Rodrigues-Amorim D, Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida M, Rivera-Baltanás T, Fernández-Palleiro P, Freiría-Martínez L, Rodríguez-Jamardo C, Comís-Tuche M, Vallejo-Curto MDC, Álvarez-Ariza M, López-García M, de las Heras E, García-Caballero A, Olivares JM, Spuch C. The Role of the Second Extracellular Loop of Norepinephrine Transporter, Neurotrophin-3 and Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase C in T Cells: A Peripheral Biomarker in the Etiology of Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168499. [PMID: 34445205 PMCID: PMC8395201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurobiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial, comprising the dysregulation of several biochemical pathways and molecules. This research proposes a peripheral biomarker for schizophrenia that involves the second extracellular loop of norepinephrine transporter (NEText), the tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC), and the neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in T cells. The study of NEText, NT-3, and TrkC was performed in T cells and plasma extracted from peripheral blood of 54 patients with schizophrenia and 54 healthy controls. Levels of NT-3, TrkC, and NET were significantly lower in plasma and T cells of patients compared to healthy controls. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IPs) showed protein interactions with Co-IP NEText–NT-3 and Co-IP NEText–TrkC. Computational modelling of protein–peptide docking by CABS-dock provided a medium–high accuracy model for NT-3–NEText (4.6935 Å) and TrkC–NEText (2.1365 Å). In summary, immunocomplexes reached statistical relevance in the T cells of the control group contrary to the results obtained with schizophrenia. The reduced expression of NT-3, TrkC, and NET, and the lack of molecular complexes in T cells of patients with schizophrenia may lead to a peripheral dysregulation of intracellular signaling pathways and an abnormal reuptake of norepinephrine (NE) by NET. This peripheral molecular biomarker underlying schizophrenia reinforces the role of neurotrophins, and noradrenergic and immune systems in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues-Amorim
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Marta Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Patricia Fernández-Palleiro
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Freiría-Martínez
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Cynthia Rodríguez-Jamardo
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - María Comís-Tuche
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - María del Carmen Vallejo-Curto
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - María Álvarez-Ariza
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Marta López-García
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Elena de las Heras
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Alejandro García-Caballero
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
| | - Jose Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Carlos Spuch
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212 Vigo, Spain; (D.R.-A.); (M.I.-M.-A.); (T.R.-B.); (P.F.-P.); (L.F.-M.); (C.R.-J.); (M.C.-T.); (M.d.C.V.-C.); (M.Á.-A.); (M.L.-G.); (E.d.l.H.); (A.G.-C.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.O.); (C.S.)
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Bilchak JN, Caron G, Côté MP. Exercise-Induced Plasticity in Signaling Pathways Involved in Motor Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094858. [PMID: 34064332 PMCID: PMC8124911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to numerous chronic and debilitating functional deficits that greatly affect quality of life. While many pharmacological interventions have been explored, the current unsurpassed therapy for most SCI sequalae is exercise. Exercise has an expansive influence on peripheral health and function, and by activating the relevant neural pathways, exercise also ameliorates numerous disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). While the exact mechanisms by which this occurs are still being delineated, major strides have been made in the past decade to understand the molecular underpinnings of this essential treatment. Exercise rapidly and prominently affects dendritic sprouting, synaptic connections, neurotransmitter production and regulation, and ionic homeostasis, with recent literature implicating an exercise-induced increase in neurotrophins as the cornerstone that binds many of these effects together. The field encompasses vast complexity, and as the data accumulate, disentangling these molecular pathways and how they interact will facilitate the optimization of intervention strategies and improve quality of life for individuals affected by SCI. This review describes the known molecular effects of exercise and how they alter the CNS to pacify the injury environment, increase neuronal survival and regeneration, restore normal neural excitability, create new functional circuits, and ultimately improve motor function following SCI.
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Vega-García A, Orozco-Suárez S, Villa A, Rocha L, Feria-Romero I, Alonso Vanegas MA, Guevara-Guzmán R. Cortical expression of IL1-β, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and 9, SEMA-3a, NT-3 and P-glycoprotein as biological markers of intrinsic severity in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain Res 2021; 1758:147303. [PMID: 33516813 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is the most common epilepsy induced by previous cerebral injury, and one out of three mTLE patients develops drug resistance (DR). AIM To assess the expression of Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, IL1-β, SEMA-3a, NT-3 and P-glycoprotein in the temporal cortex and their relationship with the progression of mTLE-DR clinical features in patients with mTLE-DR. METHOD Tissue samples from 17 patients were evaluated for protein expression by Western blot and the relationships of the evaluated proteins with the clinical features of the mTLE were assessed through hierarchical cluster analysis. RESULTS The mTLE-DR group showed significantly higher P-glycoprotein, Bcl-2 and Caspase-9 levels ***p < 0.0001, ****p < 0.0001 and ***p < 0.0002, respectively, than the autopsy control group. Four patient clusters were identified: Clusters 1 and 3 showed relationships among the age of mTLE onset, duration of mTLE-DR, average number of epileptic seizures per week, number of previous antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and increased expression of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Neurotrophin-3 and Semaphorin-3a. Clusters 2 and 4 showed relationships among the mTLE onset age, current age, average number of epileptic seizures per week, number of previous AEDs and increased expression of IL1-β, Bcl-2, P-glycoprotein, Caspase-3 and NT-3. CONCLUSION The relationships among the clinical data the age of mTLE onset, DR duration, number of previous AEDs, and average number of seizures per week and the expression of proteins involved in neuronal death, neuroinflammation and aberrant connection formation, as which are biological markers in the cerebral temporal cortex, are important factors in the progression and severity of mTLE-DR and support the intrinsic severity hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vega-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - S Orozco-Suárez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - A Villa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - L Rocha
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - I Feria-Romero
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - M A Alonso Vanegas
- Unidad de Neurocirugía, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suarez", Ciudad de México, Mexico; Centro Internacional de Cirugía de Epilepsia, HMG Hospital Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - R Guevara-Guzmán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Zhang S, Sun S, He J, Shen L. NT-3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by regulating the Akt pathway. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2020; 20:591-599. [PMID: 33265088 PMCID: PMC7716693 DOI: pmid/33265088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS Osteogenic differentiation was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining (ARS). Adipogenic differentiation was detected by oil red O (ORO) staining. The expression of bone-related genes (Runx2, Osterix, OCN, ALP) and lipogenic genes (FABP4, PPAR, CEBP, LPL) was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). The expression of p-Akt and Akt protein was detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS ALP staining and ARS staining showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could promote the differentiation into osteoblasts, while knockdown of NT-3 could inhibit that. Real-time qPCR showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could increase the expression of osteoblast genes, while knockdown of NT-3 could inhibit that. ORO staining showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could inhibit the differentiation into adipogenesis, while knockdown of NT-3 can promote that. Real-time qPCR showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could reduce the expression of lipogenic genes. while knockdown NT-3 could increase that. In addition, the overexpression of NT-3 increased p-Akt/Akt levels significantly, while knockdown NT-3 reduced that significantly. CONCLUSION NT-3 could promote the differentiation of mouse BMSCs into osteoblasts and inhibit their differentiation into adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Shizhu Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
- Corresponding author: Lei Shen, Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, No. 333 Bukui North Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China E-mail:
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Stocco E, Barbon S, Tortorella C, Macchi V, De Caro R, Porzionato A. Growth Factors in the Carotid Body-An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197267. [PMID: 33019660 PMCID: PMC7594035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The carotid body may undergo plasticity changes during development/ageing and in response to environmental (hypoxia and hyperoxia), metabolic, and inflammatory stimuli. The different cell types of the carotid body express a wide series of growth factors and corresponding receptors, which play a role in the modulation of carotid body function and plasticity. In particular, type I cells express nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, insulin-like-growth factor-I and -II, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-α and -β, interleukin-1β and -6, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and endothelin-1. Many specific growth factor receptors have been identified in type I cells, indicating autocrine/paracrine effects. Type II cells may also produce growth factors and express corresponding receptors. Future research will have to consider growth factors in further experimental models of cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases and in human (normal and pathologic) samples. From a methodological point of view, microarray and/or proteomic approaches would permit contemporary analyses of large groups of growth factors. The eventual identification of physical interactions between receptors of different growth factors and/or neuromodulators could also add insights regarding functional interactions between different trophic mechanisms.
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Viale B, Song L, Petrenko V, Wenger Combremont AL, Contestabile A, Bocchi R, Salmon P, Carleton A, An L, Vutskits L, Kiss JZ. Transient Deregulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Developing Pyramidal Neurons Leads to Dendritic Defects and Impaired Behavior. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1487-1502.e6. [PMID: 31042475 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, the precise implementation of molecular programs is a key determinant of proper dendritic development. Here, we demonstrate that canonical Wnt signaling is active in dendritic bundle-forming layer II pyramidal neurons of the rat retrosplenial cortex during dendritic branching and spine formation. Transient downregulation of canonical Wnt transcriptional activity during the early postnatal period irreversibly reduces dendritic arbor architecture, leading to long-lasting deficits in spatial exploration and/or navigation and spatial memory in the adult. During the late phase of dendritogenesis, canonical Wnt-dependent transcription regulates spine formation and maturation. We identify neurotrophin-3 as canonical Wnt target gene in regulating dendritogenesis. Our findings demonstrate how temporary imbalance in canonical Wnt signaling during specific time windows can result in irreversible dendritic defects, leading to abnormal behavior in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Viale
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Lin Song
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Volodymyr Petrenko
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Alessandro Contestabile
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Bocchi
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Salmon
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Alan Carleton
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Lijia An
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Laszlo Vutskits
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Intensive Care, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jozsef Zoltan Kiss
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Yao Q, The E, Ao L, Zhai Y, Osterholt MK, Fullerton DA, Meng X. TLR4 Stimulation Promotes Human AVIC Fibrogenic Activity through Upregulation of Neurotrophin 3 Production. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041276. [PMID: 32074942 PMCID: PMC7072994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that manifests as progressive valvular fibrosis and calcification. An inflammatory milieu in valvular tissue promotes fibrosis and calcification. Aortic valve interstitial cell (AVIC) proliferation and the over-production of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins contribute to valvular thickening. However, the mechanism underlying elevated AVIC fibrogenic activity remains unclear. Recently, we observed that AVICs from diseased aortic valves express higher levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and that NT3 exerts pro-osteogenic and pro-fibrogenic effects on human AVICs. HYPOTHESIS Pro-inflammatory stimuli upregulate NT3 production in AVICs to promote fibrogenic activity in human aortic valves. METHODS AND RESULTS AVICs were isolated from normal human aortic valves and were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.20 µg/mL). LPS induced TLR4-dependent NT3 production. This effect of LPS was abolished by inhibition of the Akt and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways. The stimulation of TLR4 in human AVICs with LPS resulted in a greater proliferation rate and an upregulated production of matrix metallopeptidases-9 (MMP-9) and collagen III, as well as augmented collagen deposition. Recombinant NT3 promoted AVIC proliferation in a tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk)-dependent fashion. The neutralization of NT3 or the inhibition of Trk suppressed LPS-induced AVIC fibrogenic activity. CONCLUSIONS The stimulation of TLR4 in human AVICs upregulates NT3 expression and promotes cell proliferation and collagen deposition. The NT3-Trk cascade plays a critical role in the TLR4-mediated elevation of fibrogenic activity in human AVICs. Upregulated NT3 production by endogenous TLR4 activators may contribute to aortic valve fibrosis associated with CAVD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianzhong Meng
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +303-724-6303; Fax: +303-724-6330
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Zhang H, Yang X, Li X, Cheng Y, Zhang H, Chang L, Sun M, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Niu Q, Wang T. Oxidative and nitrosative stress in the neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ether-153: possible mechanism and potential targeted intervention. Chemosphere 2020; 238:124602. [PMID: 31545211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been known to exhibit neurotoxicity in rats; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown and there is no available intervention. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the neurotoxicity in the cerebral cortex and primary neurons in rats following the BDE-153 treatment. Compared to the untreated group, BDE-153 treatment significantly induced the neurotoxic effects in rats, as manifested by the increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and cell apoptosis rates, and the decreased neurotrophic factor contents and cholinergic enzyme activities in rats' cerebral cortices and primary neurons. When compared to the untreated group, the oxidative and nitrosative stress had occurred in the cerebral cortex or primary neurons in rats following the BDE-153 treatment, as manifested by the increments in levels of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA and protein expressions, along with the decline in levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) content, and peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) and Prx II mRNA and protein expressions. In addition, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or NO scavenger NG-Nitro-l-arginine (L-NNA) significantly rescued the LDH leakage and cell survival, reversed the neurotrophin contents and cholinergic enzymes, mainly via regaining balance between oxidation/nitrosation and antioxidation. Overall, our findings suggested that oxidative and nitrosative stresses are involved in the neurotoxicity induced by BDE-153, and that the antioxidation is a potential targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- National Key Disciplines, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Department of Neurobiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijun Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, 47408, USA
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Fox AS, Souaiaia T, Oler JA, Kovner R, Kim JMH, Nguyen J, French DA, Riedel MK, Fekete EM, Rabska MR, Olsen ME, Brodsky EK, Alexander AL, Block WF, Roseboom PH, Knowles JA, Kalin NH. Dorsal Amygdala Neurotrophin-3 Decreases Anxious Temperament in Primates. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:881-889. [PMID: 31422797 PMCID: PMC6999854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An early-life anxious temperament (AT) is a risk factor for the development of anxiety, depression, and comorbid substance abuse. We validated a nonhuman primate model of early-life AT and identified the dorsal amygdala as a core component of AT's neural circuit. Here, we combine RNA sequencing, viral-vector gene manipulation, functional brain imaging, and behavioral phenotyping to uncover AT's molecular substrates. METHODS In response to potential threat, AT and brain metabolism were assessed in 46 young rhesus monkeys. We identified AT-related transcripts using RNA-sequencing data from dorsal amygdala tissue (including central nucleus of the amygdala [Ce] and dorsal regions of the basal nucleus). Based on the results, we overexpressed the neurotrophin-3 gene, NTF3, in the dorsal amygdala using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging-guided surgery (n = 5 per group). RESULTS This discovery-based approach identified AT-related alterations in the expression of well-established and novel genes, including an inverse association between NTRK3 expression and AT. NTRK3 is an interesting target because it is a relatively unexplored neurotrophic factor that modulates intracellular neuroplasticity pathways. Overexpression of the transcript for NTRK3's endogenous ligand, NTF3, in the dorsal amygdala resulted in reduced AT and altered function in AT's neural circuit. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data implicate neurotrophin-3/NTRK3 signaling in the dorsal amygdala in mediating primate anxiety. More generally, this approach provides an important step toward understanding the molecular underpinnings of early-life AT and will be useful in guiding the development of treatments to prevent the development of stress-related psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Fox
- Department of Psychology and the California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
| | - Tade Souaiaia
- Department of Cell Biology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Jonathan A Oler
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rothem Kovner
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jae Mun Hugo Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Joseph Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Delores A French
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Marissa K Riedel
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Eva M Fekete
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew R Rabska
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Miles E Olsen
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ethan K Brodsky
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew L Alexander
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Walter F Block
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Patrick H Roseboom
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - James A Knowles
- Department of Cell Biology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Ned H Kalin
- Department of Psychiatry and the HealthEmotions Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Seo E, Kim JS, Ma YE, Cho HW, Ju HY, Lee SH, Lee JW, Yoo KH, Sung KW, Koo HH. Differential Clinical Significance of Neurotrophin-3 Expression according to MYCN Amplification and TrkC Expression in Neuroblastoma. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e254. [PMID: 31602824 PMCID: PMC6786962 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), a member of the NT family, has only been considered an ancillary compound that provides anti-apoptotic benefits by inactivating tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC)-induced apoptotic signals. However, little is known about the clinical relevance of NT-3 expression itself in neuroblastoma. The purpose of this study was to assess NT-3 expression in patients with neuroblastoma and its relevance to clinicopathologic findings and treatment outcomes. METHODS In this study, expression of NT-3 and TrkC was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in 240 patients with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma. RESULTS The results of the study revealed that NT-3 expression was associated with older age at diagnosis, localized tumors, and more differentiated tumors but was not associated with early treatment response (degree of residual tumor volume after three cycles of chemotherapy) and progression-free survival (PFS). However, when analysis was confined to patients with MYCN amplified tumors, NT-3 expression was associated with better early treatment response with borderline significance (P = 0.092) and higher PFS (86.9% vs. 58.2%; P = 0.044). In multivariate analysis in patients with MYCN amplified tumors, NT-3 was independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 0.246; 95% confidence interval, 0.061-0.997; P = 0.050). In another subgroup analysis, the early treatment response was better if NT-3 was expressed in patients without TrkC expression (P = 0.053) while it was poorer in patients with TrkC expression (P = 0.023). CONCLUSION This study suggests that NT-3 expression in neuroblastoma has its own clinical significance independent of TrkC expression, and its prognostic significance differs depending on the status of MYCN amplification and/or TrkC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunseop Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Eun Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Won Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Moradi P, Ganjkhani M, Anarkooli IJ, Abdanipour A. Neuroprotective effects of lovastatin in the pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy according to the expression of neurotrophic factors. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1061-1069. [PMID: 31144103 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies have suggested that neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are involved in the status epilepticus development. This indicates their essential role in mediating acquired epileptic conditions. Therefore, modulating the expression of NTFs may inhibit seizure-induced cell loss in the epileptic lesions. In this study, we examined the anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic and regulatory effects of lovastatin on the expression of NTFs in the pilocarpine rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). A total of 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 8 per group): i) normal; ii) non-treated epileptic group [intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 350-400 mg/kg pilocarpine]; iii) treatment group (pilocarpine-treated rats treated followed by 5 mg/kg lovastatin); and iv) vehicle epileptic rats treated with Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Animals that had a behavioral score of 4-5 according to the Racine scale were selected for study participation. Three days after the first seizure, pilocarpine-treated rats received i.p. injections of lovastatin for 14 days. The rats were killed and prepared for histopathologic analysis as well as real-time RT-PCR 17 days after the first seizure. The results of this study showed increased mRNA expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and decreased expressions of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) mRNA in the epileptic rats treated with lovastatin. Histological analysis of neurodegeneration in the brain sections showed that the number of hippocampal apoptotic and necrotic cells significantly decreased in the treatment groups. Furthermore, numerical density of neurons per area was significantly higher in the treated groups compared with the untreated groups. Collectively, the results of this study have shown that lovastatin could attenuate seizure-induced expression of neurotrophic factors and consequently reduce hippocampal cell death in the pilocarpine rat model of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooyan Moradi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahin Ganjkhani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Iraj Jafari Anarkooli
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdanipour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), P.O. Box 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
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19
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Zhang CH, Lv X, Du W, Cheng MJ, Liu YP, Zhu L, Hao J. The Akt/mTOR cascade mediates high glucose-induced reductions in BDNF via DNMT1 in Schwann cells in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111502. [PMID: 31323191 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) deficiency in Schwann cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Little is known about the mechanism involved in BDNF downregulation in Schwann cells in DPN. In this study, we first confirmed downregulation of BDNF and neurotrophin 3 expression in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice, which was accompanied by myelin sheath abnormalities. Moreover, in vitro, high glucose was revealed to cause downregulation of BDNF, but not neurotrophin 3, expression in RSC96 cells, which was accompanied by DNA hypermethylation of BDNF promoters I and II. DNMT1 was subsequently revealed to be enhanced at the mRNA and protein levels in high glucose-stimulated RSC96 cells, and inhibition of DNMT1 with 5-Aza treatment or shRNA vector transfection reversed high glucose-induced reductions in BDNF expression. Furthermore, the mTOR and upstream Akt pathways were indicated to mediate high glucose-induced DNMT1 and BDNF expression in RSC96 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that the Akt/mTOR cascade mediates high glucose-induced reductions in BDNF via DNMT1 in Schwann cells in DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mei-Juan Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Electromyogram, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Jun Hao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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20
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Oudega M, Hao P, Shang J, Haggerty AE, Wang Z, Sun J, Liebl DJ, Shi Y, Cheng L, Duan H, Sun YE, Li X, Lemmon VP. Validation study of neurotrophin-3-releasing chitosan facilitation of neural tissue generation in the severely injured adult rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 2018; 312:51-62. [PMID: 30471251 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It was previously reported that a tube holding chitosan carriers loaded with neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), after insertion into a 5 mm long transection gap in the adult rat spinal cord, triggered de novo neural tissue generation and functional recovery. Here, we report an effort to validate these findings using stringent blinding methodologies, which are crucial for robustness in reproducing biomedical studies. Radio frequency identification (RFID) chips were utilized to label rats that were randomly assigned into three experimental groups: transection with chitosan-NT-3 implant (C-NT3), transection only (T-controls), and laminectomy only (S-controls), blinding the experimenters to the treatments. Three months after surgery, animals only known by their RFID were functionally, electrophysiologically, and anatomically assessed. The data were then collected into the proper groups and statistically analyzed. Neural tissue with nestin-, Tuj1-, and NeuN-positive cells was found bridging the transection gap in C-NT3 rats, but not in T-controls. Motor- and somatosensory-evoked potentials were detected in C-NT3 rats and S-controls, but not in T-controls. Hind limb movement was significantly better in C-NT3 rats compared with T-controls. Our validation study indicates that C-NT3 implants facilitate neural tissue generation, at least in part, by eliciting endogenous neurogenesis. Our data support the use of C-NT3 implants for tissue remodeling in the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Oudega
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136-1060, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States; Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
| | - Peng Hao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Junkui Shang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Agnes E Haggerty
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136-1060, United States
| | - Zijue Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing International Cooperation Bases for Science and Technology on Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Daniel J Liebl
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136-1060, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Yan Shi
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136-1060, United States
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Institute of Spine and Spine Cord Injury of Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China; Translational Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hongmei Duan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Translational Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Medical School, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing International Cooperation Bases for Science and Technology on Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Vance P Lemmon
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Miami, FL 33136-1060, United States; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
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21
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Su YW, Chim SM, Zhou L, Hassanshahi M, Chung R, Fan C, Song Y, Foster BK, Prestidge CA, Peymanfar Y, Tang Q, Butler LM, Gronthos S, Chen D, Xie Y, Chen L, Zhou XF, Xu J, Xian CJ. Osteoblast derived-neurotrophin‑3 induces cartilage removal proteases and osteoclast-mediated function at injured growth plate in rats. Bone 2018; 116:232-247. [PMID: 30125729 PMCID: PMC6550307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Faulty bony repair causes dysrepair of injured growth plate cartilage and bone growth defects in children; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Recently, we observed the prominent induction of neurotrophin‑3 (NT-3) and its important roles as an osteogenic and angiogenic factor promoting the bony repair. The current study investigated its roles in regulating injury site remodelling. In a rat tibial growth plate drill-hole injury repair model, NT-3 was expressed prominently in osteoblasts at the injury site. Recombinant NT-3 (rhNT-3) systemic treatment enhanced, but NT-3 immunoneutralization attenuated, expression of cartilage-removal proteases (MMP-9 and MMP-13), presence of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and expression of osteoclast protease cathepsin K, and remodelling at the injury site. NT-3 was also highly induced in cultured mineralizing rat bone marrow stromal cells, and the conditioned medium augmented osteoclast formation and resorptive activity, an ability that was blocked by presence of anti-NT-3 antibody. Moreover, NT-3 and receptor TrkC were induced during osteoclastogenesis, and rhNT-3 treatment activated TrkC downstream kinase Erk1/2 in differentiating osteoclasts although rhNT-3 alone did not affect activation of osteoclastogenic transcription factors NF-κB or NFAT in RAW264.7 osteoclast precursor cells. Furthermore, rhNT-3 treatment increased, but NT-3 neutralization reduced, expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines (RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-1) in mineralizing osteoblasts and in growth plate injury site, and rhNT-3 augmented the induction of these cytokines caused by RANKL treatment in RAW264.7 cells. Thus, injury site osteoblast-derived NT-3 is important in promoting growth plate injury site remodelling, as it induces cartilage proteases for cartilage removal and augments osteoclastogenesis and resorption both directly (involving activing Erk1/2 and substantiating RANKL-induced increased expression of osteoclastogenic signals in differentiating osteoclasts) and indirectly (inducing osteoclastogenic signals in osteoblasts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Su
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Shek Man Chim
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Mohammadhossein Hassanshahi
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Rosa Chung
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Chiaming Fan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Yunmei Song
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Bruce K Foster
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia.
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia.
| | - Yaser Peymanfar
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Qian Tang
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Lisa M Butler
- University of Adelaide Schools of Medicine and Medical Sciences, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Stan Gronthos
- University of Adelaide Schools of Medicine and Medical Sciences, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Yangli Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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22
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Almutiri S, Berry M, Logan A, Ahmed Z. Non-viral-mediated suppression of AMIGO3 promotes disinhibited NT3-mediated regeneration of spinal cord dorsal column axons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10707. [PMID: 30013050 PMCID: PMC6048058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
After injury to the mature central nervous system (CNS), myelin-derived inhibitory ligands bind to the Nogo-66 tripartite receptor complex expressed on axonal growth cones, comprised of LINGO-1 and p75NTR/TROY and induce growth cone collapse through the RhoA pathway. We have also shown that amphoterin-induced gene and open reading frame-3 (AMIGO3) substitutes for LINGO-1 and can signal axon growth cone collapse. Here, we investigated the regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neuron (DRGN) axons/neurites after treatment with a short hairpin RNA (sh) AMIGO3 plasmid delivered with a non-viral in vivo-jetPEI vector, and the pro-survival/axogenic neurotrophin (NT) 3 in vitro and in vivo. A bicistronic plasmid, containing both shAMIGO3 and NT3 knocked down >75% of AMIGO3 mRNA in cultured DRGN and significantly overexpressed NT3 production. In vivo, intra-DRG injection of in vivo-jetPEI plasmids containing shAMIGO3/gfp and shAMIGO3/nt3 both knocked down AMIGO3 expression in DRGN and, in combination with NT3 overexpression, promoted DC axon regeneration, recovery of conduction of compound action potentials across the lesion site and improvements in sensory and locomotor function. These findings demonstrate that in vivo-jetPEI is a potential non-viral, translatable DRGN delivery vehicle in vivo and that suppression of AMIGO3 disinhibits the growth of axotomised DRGN enabling NT3 to stimulate the regeneration of their DC axons and enhances functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Almutiri
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Martin Berry
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ann Logan
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Wang L, Wang L, Song Y, Liu L, Yang X, Feng G, Zhou C. [Experimental study of lentivirus-mediated Nogo extracellular peptide residues 1-40 gene and neurotrophin 3 gene co-transduction in neural stem cells]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:420-427. [PMID: 29806299 PMCID: PMC8414350 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201710079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the feasibility of co-transduction and co-expression of Nogo extracellular peptide residues 1-40 (NEP1-40) gene and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) gene into neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods NSCs were derived from the cortex tissue of Sprague Dawley rat embryo. The experiment included 5 groups: no-load lentiviral vector transducted NSCs (group A), NEP1-40 transducted NSCs (group B), NT-3 transducted NSCs (group C), NEP1-40 and NT-3 corporately transducted NSCs (group D), and blank control (group E). Target genes were transducted into NSCs by lentiviral vectors of different multiplicity of infection (MOI; 5, 10, 15) for different time (24, 48, 72 hours). Fluorescent microscope was used to observe the expression of fluorescence protein and acquire the optimum MOI and optimum collection time. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot tests were utilized to evaluate the gene expressions of NEP1-40 and NT-3 in NSCs and protein expressions of NEP1-40 and NT-3 in NSCs and in culture medium. Results The optimum MOI for both target gene was 10 and the optimum collection time was 48 hours. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot results showed that the mRNA and protein relative expressions of NEP1-40 in groups B and D were significantly higher than those in groups A and C ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups B and D, and between groups A and C ( P>0.05). The mRNA and protein relative expressions of NT-3 in groups C and D were significantly higher than those in groups A and B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups A and B, and between groups C and D ( P>0.05). Conclusion NEP1-40 and NT-3 gene can be successfully co-transducted into NSCs by the mediation of lentiviral vector. The expressions of the two target genes are stable and have no auxo-action or antagonism between each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041,
| | - Yueming Song
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Chunguang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
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24
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Lin YMJ, Hsin IL, Sun HS, Lin S, Lai YL, Chen HY, Chen TY, Chen YP, Shen YT, Wu HM. NTF3 Is a Novel Target Gene of the Transcription Factor POU3F2 and Is Required for Neuronal Differentiation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8403-8413. [PMID: 29549646 PMCID: PMC6153716 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
POU-homeodomain transcription factor POU3F2 is a critical transcription factor that participates in neuronal differentiation. However, little is known about its downstream mediators. Here genome-wide analyses of a human neuronal differentiation cell model, NT2D1, suggested neurotrophin-3 (NTF3), a key mediator of neuronal development during the early neurogenic period, as a putative regulatory target of POU3F2. Western blot, cDNA microarray, and real-time quantitative PCR analyses showed that POU3F2 and NTF3 were upregulated during neuronal differentiation. Next-generation-sequence-based POU3F2 chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and genome-wide in silico prediction demonstrated that POU3F2 binds to the NTF3 promoter during neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, unidirectional deletion or mutation of the binding site of POU3F2 in the NTF3 promoter decreased promoter-driven luciferase activity, indicating that POU3F2 is a positive regulator of NTF3 promoter activity. While NTF3 knockdown resulted in decreased viability and differentiation of NT2D1 cells, and POU3F2 knockdown downregulated NTF3 expression, recombinant NTF3 significantly rescued viable neuronal cells from NTF3- or POU3F2-knockdown cell cultures. Moreover, immunostaining showed colocalization of POU3F2 and NTF3 in developing mouse neurons. Thus, our data suggest that NTF3 is a novel target gene of POU3F2 and that the POU3F2/NTF3 pathway plays a role in the process of neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Mei J Lin
- Institute of Biomedical sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - I-Lun Hsin
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - H Sunny Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shankung Lin
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Lai
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Chen
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Shen
- Institute of Biomedical sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Wu
- Inflammation Research & Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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25
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Becker S, Wang H, Simmons AB, Suwanmanee T, Stoddard GJ, Kafri T, Hartnett ME. Targeted Knockdown of Overexpressed VEGFA or VEGF164 in Müller cells maintains retinal function by triggering different signaling mechanisms. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2003. [PMID: 29386650 PMCID: PMC5792486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) upregulates Müller cell vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) that causes intravitreal neovascularization similar to severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Safety concerns exist with anti-VEGF treatment for ROP. We evaluated long-term knockdown of Müller cell-VEGFA with short-hairpin RNAs to VEGFA or VEGF164 via subretinal lentivirus delivery (L-VEGFAshRNA, L-VEGF164shRNA) on retinal structure and function in a rat OIR model. Lectin-stained retinal flat mounts analyzed for areas of avascular/total retina (AVA) and intravitreal neovascular/total retina (IVNV) showed initial significantly reduced IVNV by L-VEGFAshRNA and L-VEGF164shRNA compared to control, luciferase-shRNA lentivirus, without late recurrence. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and immunohistochemical sections (IHC) demonstrated changes in retinal layer thicknesses in L-VEGFAshRNA or L-VEGF164shRNA compared to control. Ganzfeld electroretinograms were increased in L-VEGFAshRNA or L-VEGF164shRNA compared to control. Erythropoietin (EPO), brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) mRNAs were increased in L-VEGFAshRNA, but not L-VEGF164shRNA retinas. In cultured rat Müller cells, knockdown of VEGF upregulated NT-3 and EPO, whereas treatment with EPO activated neuroprotective signaling. Methods to reduce IVNV by selective knockdown of VEGFA, and particularly VEGF164, in Müller cells may have fewer deleterious effects than nonselective VEGFA inhibition to all cells in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Becker
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Haibo Wang
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aaron B Simmons
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Thipparat Suwanmanee
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gregory J Stoddard
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tal Kafri
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Ngema PN, Mabandla MV. Post 6-OHDA lesion exposure to stress affects neurotrophic factor expression and aggravates motor impairment. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1061-1067. [PMID: 28321600 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-9988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress amplifies locomotor deficits and exacerbates dopamine neuron loss in an animal model for Parkinson's disease. The release of neurotrophic factors such as glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) following neuronal injury attenuates exacerbated degeneration of these neurons. In this study, the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected unilaterally into the medial forebrain bundle of male Sprague Dawley rats. A subset of these rats was subjected to post-lesion restraint stress after which the effect of exposure to stress on locomotor activity (forelimb akinesia test), neurotrophic factor (GDNF and NT-3) and corticosterone concentration was assessed. Exposure to post-lesion stress resulted in increased preference to use the unimpaired forelimb (forelimb ipsilateral to the lesioned hemisphere) in the forelimb akinesia test. The expected increase in both GDNF and NT-3 concentration following injury was not present in the stressed animals. However, both the non-stressed and stressed lesioned groups had decreased neurotrophic factor concentration at one and two weeks post lesion. This decrease was exaggerated in the stressed rats. The decrease in neurotrophic factor concentration was accompanied by an increase in corticosterone concentration in the stressed rats. These findings demonstrate that exposure to post-6-OHDA lesion stress exaggerates dopamine neurodegeneration and enhance motor impairment. This suggests that conditions that result in a hyper-activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis such as depression which is concomitant to a Parkinson's disease diagnosis may be responsible for enhanced dopamine depletion by attenuating neurotrophic factor concentration elevation in the nigrostriatal pathway following neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumzile Nomfundo Ngema
- University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences, Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Musa Vuyisile Mabandla
- University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences, Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Sheldrick A, Camara S, Ilieva M, Riederer P, Michel TM. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 3 (NT3) levels in post-mortem brain tissue from patients with depression compared to healthy individuals - a proof of concept study. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 46:65-71. [PMID: 29102768 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophic factors (NTF) hypothesis of depression was postulated nearly a decade ago and is nowadays widely acknowledged. Previous reports suggest that cerebral concentrations of NTF may be reduced in suicide victims who received minimal or no antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Recent evidence suggests that antidepressant treatment may improve or normalise cerebral concentrations of neurotrophic factors. Therefore, we examined the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 3 (NT3) in different brain regions (cortex, cingulate gyrus, thalamus, hippocampus, putamen and nucleus caudatus) of 21 individuals - 7 patients of which 4 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and overall age 86.8±5 years who received antidepressant pharmacotherapy (selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors [SSRI]; tricyclic antidepressants [TCA]), 3 patients with MDD without antidepressant treatment and overall age 84.3±5 years versus 14 unaffected subjects at age 70.3±13.8. We detected significant elevation of BDNF (parietal cortex) and NT3 (parietal, temporal and occipital cortex, cingulate gyrus, thalamus, putamen and nucleus caudatus regions) in MDD patients who received antidepressant medication compared to MDD untreated patients and controls. Moreover, we detected a significant decrease of NT3 levels in the parietal cortex of patients suffering from MDD non-treated patients without treatment compared to healthy individuals. Although the limited statistical power due to the small sample size in this proof of concept study corroborates data from previous studies, which show that treatment with antidepressants mediates alterations in neuroplasticity via the action of NTF. However, more research using post-mortem brain tissue with larger samples needs to be carried out as well as longitudinal studies to further verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheldrick
- Department Psychiatry Odense, Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 20, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - S Camara
- Clinical Neurochemistry, Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Fürchsleinstr. 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Ilieva
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
| | - P Riederer
- Department Psychiatry Odense, Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 20, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Clinical Neurochemistry, Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Fürchsleinstr. 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department Neurobiology, Instiute for Molecular Medicine, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Center for applied Neuroscience, BRIDGE, Odense University Hospital, Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - T M Michel
- Department Psychiatry Odense, Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 20, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department Neurobiology, Instiute for Molecular Medicine, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Center for applied Neuroscience, BRIDGE, Odense University Hospital, Psychiatry in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
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Qiao X, Yin F, Ji Y, Li Y, Yan P, Lai J. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine in the medial prefrontal cortex regulates alcohol-related behavior and Ntf3-TrkC expression in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179469. [PMID: 28614398 PMCID: PMC5470731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that DNA methylation plays an important role in the development of alcohol abuse. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dc), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, was FDA approved for myelodysplastic syndrome treatment. However, it is unclear whether 5-Aza-dc is involved in alcohol abuse. In this study, using a chronic alcohol exposure model in rats, 5-Aza-dc was injected into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Alcohol-drinking behavior and the anxiety related behavior were evaluated by two-bottle choice and open field test. We found that 5-Aza-dc injection into the mPFC significantly decreased alcohol consumption and alcohol preference in alcohol-exposure rats, corresponding to the reduced blood alcohol levels. Although 5-Aza-dc potentiated the anxiety-like behavior of alcohol-exposure rats, it had no effect on the locomotor activity. Moreover, both of the mRNA and protein levels of DNA Methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and DNMT3B in the mPFC were upregulated after 35 days of alcohol exposure and this upregulation could be reversed by 5-Aza-dc treatment. Additionally, 5-Aza-dc reversed the alcohol-induced downregulation of neurotrophin-3 (Ntf3), correspondingly the expression of its receptor-TrkC was reduced. These findings identified a functional role of 5-Aza-dc in alcohol-related behavioral phenotypes and one of the potential target genes, Ntf3. We also provide novel evidence for DNA methyltransferases as potential therapeutic targets in alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Qiao
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangyuan Yin
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxiao Li
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Yan
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianghua Lai
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Krupka AJ, Fischer I, Lemay MA. Transplants of Neurotrophin-Producing Autologous Fibroblasts Promote Recovery of Treadmill Stepping in the Acute, Sub-Chronic, and Chronic Spinal Cat. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:1858-1872. [PMID: 27829315 PMCID: PMC5444492 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult cats show limited spontaneous locomotor capabilities following spinal transection, but recover treadmill stepping with body-weight-supported training. Delivery of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophic factor 3 (NT-3) can substitute for body-weight-supported training, and promotes a similar recovery in a shorter period of time. Autologous cell grafts would negate the need for the immunosuppressive agents currently used with most grafts, but have not shown functional benefits in incomplete spinal cord injury models and have never been tested in complete transection or chronic injury models. In this study, we explored the effects of autologous fibroblasts, prepared from the individual cats and modified to produce BDNF and NT-3, on the recovery of locomotion in acute, sub-chronic and chronic full-transection models of spinal injury. Fourteen female cats underwent complete spinal transection at T11/T12. Cats were separated into four groups: sham graft at the time of injury, and BDNF and NT-3 producing autologous fibroblasts grafted at the time of injury, 2 weeks after injury, or 6 weeks after injury. Kinematics were recorded 3 and 5 weeks after cell graft. Additional kinematic recordings were taken for some cats until 12 weeks post-graft. Eleven of 12 cats with neurotrophin-producing grafts recovered plantar weight-bearing stepping at treadmill speeds from 0.3 to 0.8 m/sec within 5 weeks of grafting, whereas control cats recovered poor quality stepping at low speeds only (≤ 0.4 m/sec). Further, kinematic measures in cats with grafts were closer to pre-transection values than those for controls, and recovery was maintained up to 12 weeks post-grafting. Our results show that not only are autologous neurotrophin-producing grafts effective at promoting recovery of locomotion, but that delayed delivery of neurotrophins does not diminish the therapeutic effect, and may improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Itzhak Fischer
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michel A. Lemay
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Zhou P, Ma W, Sheng Y, Duan M, Zhang X. Protective Effects of Acupuncture Against Gentamicin-Induced Ototoxicity in Rats: Possible Role of Neurotrophin-3. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:446-451. [PMID: 28121979 PMCID: PMC5289098 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of acupuncture against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity and explore the possible protective role of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control group, gentamicin group, neitinggong group, and tinggong group. Rats in the gentamicin, neitinggong, and tinggong groups received intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin (100 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days. Rats in the neitinggong and tinggong groups further received acupuncture at neitinggong or tinggong acupoints once every 2 days for 20 days. Rats in the control group received intraperitoneal injection of saline. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was tested in all rats on the day before treatment (day 0), and again on day 14 and day 20 to determine the average threshold value of ABR for each treatment group. The expression of NT-3 in the cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculus nucleus were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The average threshold value of ABR was significantly higher in the gentamicin group as compared with that of the control group on day 14 (P<0.05). On day 20, the average threshold values of ABR in the neitinggong and tinggong groups were significantly lower than that of the gentamicin group (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences in NT-3 expression in the cochlear nucleus were observed among the groups (P>0.05). However, the expression of NT-3 in the inferior colliculus nucleus in both the neitinggong and tinggong groups was significantly higher than that of the gentamicin group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS A decrease in NT-3 expression in the inferior colliculus nucleus may contribute to gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in rats. Acupuncture at neitinggong or tinggong acupoints effectively improved hearing, which was attributed partially to the rescue of NT-3 expression in the inferior colliculus nucleus. Therefore, preserving NT-3 expression in the auditory system may be a viable strategy to counteract gentamicin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Maoli Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute of Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurotology and Audiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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31
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Zanin JP, Abercrombie E, Friedman WJ. Proneurotrophin-3 promotes cell cycle withdrawal of developing cerebellar granule cell progenitors via the p75 neurotrophin receptor. eLife 2016; 5:e16654. [PMID: 27434667 PMCID: PMC4975574 DOI: 10.7554/elife.16654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar granule cell progenitors (GCP) proliferate extensively in the external granule layer (EGL) of the developing cerebellum prior to differentiating and migrating. Mechanisms that regulate the appropriate timing of cell cycle withdrawal of these neuronal progenitors during brain development are not well defined. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) is highly expressed in the proliferating GCPs, but is downregulated once the cells leave the cell cycle. This receptor has primarily been characterized as a death receptor for its ability to induce neuronal apoptosis following injury. Here we demonstrate a novel function for p75(NTR) in regulating proper cell cycle exit of neuronal progenitors in the developing rat and mouse EGL, which is stimulated by proNT3. In the absence of p75(NTR), GCPs continue to proliferate beyond their normal period, resulting in a larger cerebellum that persists into adulthood, with consequent motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Zanin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, United States
| | - Elizabeth Abercrombie
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, United States
| | - Wilma J Friedman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, United States
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Abstract
The effect of passive smoking on levels of neurotrophin in tears was studied in normal subjects or patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC). Basal levels of neurotrophins, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and NT-4, in tears were significantly higher in AKC patients than those in normal subjects. Passive smoking had no effect on levels of neurotrophin in tears of normal subjects, while it elevated levels of NGF, BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4 in tears of AKC patients. These results indicate that passive smoking elevates levels of neurotrophin in tears, which in turn may aggravate AKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kimata
- Department of Allergy, Ujitakeda Hospital, Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.
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Gilbert ME, Sanchez-Huerta K, Wood C. Mild Thyroid Hormone Insufficiency During Development Compromises Activity-Dependent Neuroplasticity in the Hippocampus of Adult Male Rats. Endocrinology 2016; 157:774-87. [PMID: 26606422 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Severe thyroid hormone (TH) deficiency during critical phases of brain development results in irreversible neurological and cognitive impairments. The mechanisms accounting for this are likely multifactorial, and are not fully understood. Here we pursue the possibility that one important element is that TH affects basal and activity-dependent neurotrophin expression in brain regions important for neural processing. Graded exposure to propylthiouracil (PTU) during development produced dose-dependent reductions in mRNA expression of nerve growth factor (Ngf) in whole hippocampus of neonates. These changes in basal expression persisted to adulthood despite the return to euthyroid conditions in blood. In contrast to small PTU-induced reductions in basal expression of several genes, developmental PTU treatment dramatically reduced the activity-dependent expression of neurotrophins and related genes (Bdnft, Bdnfiv, Arc, and Klf9) in adulthood and was accompanied by deficits in hippocampal-based learning. These data demonstrate that mild TH insufficiency during development not only reduces expression of important neurotrophins that persists into adulthood but also severely restricts the activity-dependent induction of these genes. Considering the importance of these neurotrophins for sculpting the structural and functional synaptic architecture in the developing and the mature brain, it is likely that TH-mediated deficits in these plasticity mechanisms contribute to the cognitive deficiencies that accompany developmental TH compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Gilbert
- Toxicity Assessment Division (M.E.G., C.W.), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Departamento de Fisiología "Mauricio Russek" (K.S.-H.), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 07738
| | - K Sanchez-Huerta
- Toxicity Assessment Division (M.E.G., C.W.), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Departamento de Fisiología "Mauricio Russek" (K.S.-H.), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 07738
| | - C Wood
- Toxicity Assessment Division (M.E.G., C.W.), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Departamento de Fisiología "Mauricio Russek" (K.S.-H.), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico 07738
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Sweet L, Kang Y, Czisch C, Witek L, Shi Y, Smay J, Plant GW, Yang Y. Geometrical versus Random β-TCP Scaffolds: Exploring the Effects on Schwann Cell Growth and Behavior. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139820. [PMID: 26444999 PMCID: PMC4596809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Schwann cells (SCs) play a role in nerve regeneration; however, their role in innervating a bioceramic scaffold for potential application in bone regeneration is still unknown. Here we report the cell growth and functional behavior of SCs on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds arranged in 3D printed-lattice (P-β-TCP) and randomly-porous, template-casted (N-β-TCP) structures. Our results indicate that SCs proliferated well and expressed the phenotypic markers p75LNGFR and the S100-β subunit of SCs as well as displayed growth morphology on both scaffolds, but SCs showed spindle-shaped morphology with a significant degree of SCs alignment on the P-β-TCP scaffolds, seen to a lesser degree in the N-β-TCP scaffold. The gene expressions of nerve growth factor (β-ngf), neutrophin–3 (nt–3), platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf-bb), and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf-a) were higher at day 7 than at day 14. While no significant differences in protein secretion were measured between these last two time points, the scaffolds promoted the protein secretion at day 3 compared to that on the cell culture plates. These results together imply that the β-TCP scaffolds can support SC cell growth and that the 3D-printed scaffold appeared to significantly promote the alignment of SCs along the struts. Further studies are needed to investigate the early and late stage relationship between gene expression and protein secretion of SCs on the scaffolds with refined characteristics, thus better exploring the potential of SCs to support vascularization and innervation in synthetic bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Sweet
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Yunqing Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christopher Czisch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Lukasz Witek
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Yang Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jim Smay
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Giles W. Plant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Liu L, Liu Z, Huang L, Sun Z, Ma T, Zhu S, Quan X, Yang Y, Huang J, Luo Z. Pulsed magnetic field promotes proliferation and neurotrophic genes expression in Schwann cells in vitro. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:2343-2353. [PMID: 26045741 PMCID: PMC4440050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most classic supportive cells, Schwann cells (SCs) have been considered as potential candidates for nerve regeneration. However, SCs cultured in vitro are found with attenuated biological activities, which limits their application. Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) has been demonstrated to be safe and efficient to regulate several cells activities. However, it is still unclear the effect of PMF on proliferation and expression of neurotrophic factors in SCs. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine such possible effects. The tolerance of SCs to PMF was examined by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The proliferation of cells was detected by an EdU labeling assay and a Prestoblue assay. The expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors in SCs was assayed by RT-PCR and ELISA. We found that 2.0 mT was the optimal intensity that caused relatively little apoptosis with profound proliferation in SCs. The gene expression and protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were up-regulated following PMF stimulation, additionally, the gene expression and protein level of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) was not enhanced by PMF. Our results suggested that PMF could improve SC proliferation and biological function, which might shed a light on the potential utilization of PMF in nerve regeneration via SC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Quan
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
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Jones J, Estirado A, Redondo C, Pacheco-Torres J, Sirerol-Piquer MS, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Martinez S. Mesenchymal stem cells improve motor functions and decrease neurodegeneration in ataxic mice. Mol Ther 2015; 23:130-8. [PMID: 25070719 PMCID: PMC4426789 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of using bone marrow-derived stem cells in treating a neurodegenerative disorder such as Friedreich's ataxia. In this disease, the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord are the first to degenerate. Two groups of mice were injected intrathecally with mesenchymal stem cells isolated from either wild-type or Fxntm1Mkn/Tg(FXN)YG8Pook (YG8) mice. As a result, both groups presented improved motor skills compared to nontreated mice. Also, frataxin expression was increased in the dorsal root ganglia of the treated groups, along with lower expression of the apoptotic markers analyzed. Furthermore, the injected stem cells expressed the trophic factors NT3, NT4, and BDNF, which bind to sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and increase their survival. The expression of antioxidant enzymes indicated that the stem cell-treated mice presented higher levels of catalase and GPX-1, which are downregulated in the YG8 mice. There were no significant differences in the use of stem cells isolated from wild-type and YG8 mice. In conclusion, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, both autologous and allogeneic, is a feasible therapeutic option to consider in delaying the neurodegeneration observed in the dorsal root ganglia of Friedreich's ataxia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Jones
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alicia Estirado
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carolina Redondo
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jesus Pacheco-Torres
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria-Salomé Sirerol-Piquer
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Garcia-Verdugo
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Martinez
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
- IMIB-Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Univ. Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Harandi VM, Lindquist S, Kolan SS, Brännström T, Liu JX. Analysis of neurotrophic factors in limb and extraocular muscles of mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109833. [PMID: 25334047 PMCID: PMC4198138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is currently an incurable fatal motor neuron syndrome characterized by progressive weakness, muscle wasting and death ensuing 3–5 years after diagnosis. Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are known to be important in both nervous system development and maintenance. However, the attempt to translate the potential of NTFs into the therapeutic options remains limited despite substantial number of approaches, which have been tested clinically. Using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) technique, the present study investigated mRNA expression of four different NTFs: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in limb muscles and extraocular muscles (EOMs) from SOD1G93A transgenic mice at early and terminal stages of ALS. General morphological examination revealed that muscle fibres were well preserved in both limb muscles and EOMs in early stage ALS mice. However, in terminal ALS mice, most muscle fibres were either atrophied or hypertrophied in limb muscles but unaffected in EOMs. qRT-PCR analysis showed that in early stage ALS mice, NT-4 was significantly down-regulated in limb muscles whereas NT-3 and GDNF were markedly up-regulated in EOMs. In terminal ALS mice, only GDNF was significantly up-regulated in limb muscles. We concluded that the early down-regulation of NT-4 in limb muscles is closely associated with muscle dystrophy and dysfunction at late stage, whereas the early up-regulations of GDNF and NT-3 in EOMs are closely associated with the relatively well-preserved muscle morphology at late stage. Collectively, the data suggested that comparing NTFs expression between limb muscles and EOMs from different stages of ALS animal models is a useful method in revealing the patho-physiology and progression of ALS, and eventually rescuing motor neuron in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid M. Harandi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Susanne Lindquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Brännström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Tang S, Liao X, Shi B, Qu Y, Huang Z, Lin Q, Guo X, Pei F. The effects of controlled release of neurotrophin-3 from PCLA scaffolds on the survival and neuronal differentiation of transplanted neural stem cells in a rat spinal cord injury model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107517. [PMID: 25215612 PMCID: PMC4162607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have emerged as a potential source for cell replacement therapy following spinal cord injury (SCI). However, poor survival and low neuronal differentiation remain major obstacles to the use of NSCs. Biomaterials with neurotrophic factors are promising strategies for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. Silk fibroin (SF) matrices were demonstrated to successfully deliver growth factors and preserve their potency. In this study, by incorporating NT-3 into a SF coating, we successfully developed NT-3-immobilized scaffolds (membranes and conduits). Sustained release of bioactive NT-3 from the conduits for up to 8 weeks was achieved. Cell viability was confirmed using live/dead staining after 14 days in culture. The efficacy of the immobilized NT-3 was confirmed by assessing NSC neuronal differentiation in vitro. NSC neuronal differentiation was 55.2 ± 4.1% on the NT-3-immobilized membranes, which was significantly higher than that on the NT-3 free membrane. Furthermore, 8 weeks after the NSCs were seeded into conduits and implanted in rats with a transected SCI, the conduit+NT-3+NSCs group achieved higher NSC survival (75.8 ± 15.1%) and neuronal differentiation (21.5 ± 5.2%) compared with the conduit+NSCs group. The animals that received the conduit+NT-3+NSCs treatment also showed improved functional outcomes, as well as increased axonal regeneration. These results indicate the feasibility of fabricating NT-3-immobilized scaffolds using the adsorption of NT-3/SF coating method, as well as the potential of these scaffolds to induce SCI repair by promoting survival and neuronal differentiation of transplanted NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mianyang Center Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Yanzhen Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeyu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (QL); (XDG); (FXP)
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (QL); (XDG); (FXP)
| | - Fuxing Pei
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (QL); (XDG); (FXP)
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Wang LJ, Zhang RP, Li JD. Transplantation of neurotrophin-3-expressing bone mesenchymal stem cells improves recovery in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2014; 156:1409-18. [PMID: 24744011 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-014-2089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of transplanting neutrophin-3 (NT-3)-expressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS Forty-eight adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: the control, BMSC, and NT-3-BMSC groups. BMSCs were infected with NT-3-DsRed or DsRed lentivirus and injected into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via lumbar puncture (LP) 7 days after SCI in the NT-3-BMSC and BMSC groups, respectively. The hind-limb motor function of all rats was recorded using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 after transplantation. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunofluorescence labelling, and western blotting were performed at the final time point. RESULTS Expressions of NT-3, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins increased significantly in the NT-3-BMSC group, and hind-limb locomotor functions improved significantly in the NT-3-BMSC group compared with the other two groups. The cystic cavity area was smallest in the NT-3-BMSC group. In the NT-3-BMSC group, neurofilament 200 (NF200) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression levels around the lesions were significantly increased and decreased, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that transplantation of NT-3 gene-modified BMSCs via LP can strengthen the therapeutic benefits of BMSC transplantation. We observed that these modified cells increased locomotor function recovery, promoted nerve regeneration, and improved the injured spinal cord microenvironment, suggesting that it could be a promising treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China,
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Shen W, Lee SR, Araujo J, Chung SH, Zhu L, Gillies MC. Effect of glucocorticoids on neuronal and vascular pathology in a transgenic model of selective Müller cell ablation. Glia 2014; 62:1110-24. [PMID: 24687761 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Retinal diseases such as macular telangiectasis type 2 (MacTel), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) affect both neurons and blood vessels. Treatments addressing both at the same time might have advantages over more specific approaches, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, which are used to treat vascular leak but are suspected to have a neurotoxic effect. Here, we studied the effects of an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in a transgenic model in which patchy Müller cell ablation leads to photoreceptor degeneration, vascular leak, and intraretinal neovascularization. TA was injected 4 days before Müller cell ablation. Changes in photoreceptors, microglia and Müller cells, retinal vasculature, differential expression of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR) ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), the precursor and mature forms of neurotrophin 3 (pro-NT3 and mature NT3) and activation of the p53 and p38 stress-activated protein kinase (p38/SAPK) signaling pathways were examined. We found that TA prevented photoreceptor degeneration and inhibited activation of microglial and Müller cells. TA attenuated Müller cell loss and inhibited overexpression of p75(NTR) , TNFα, pro-NT, and the activation of p53 and p38/SAPK signaling pathways. TA not only prevented the development of retinal vascular lesions but also inhibited fluorescein leakage from established vascular lesions. TA inhibited overexpression of VEGF in transgenic mice but without affecting its basal level expression in the normal retina. Our data suggest that glucocorticoid treatment may be beneficial for treatment of retinal diseases such as MacTel, AMD, and DR that affect both neurons and the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyong Shen
- Macular Research Group. Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Liu F, Zhang C, Hoffman RM. Nestin-expressing stem cells from the hair follicle can differentiate into motor neurons and reduce muscle atrophy after transplantation to injured nerves. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:656-62. [PMID: 24020586 PMCID: PMC3927650 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells from the mouse and human are multipotent and can differentiate into many cell types, including neurons and glial cells. The nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells can effect nerve and spinal cord repair upon transplantation in mouse models. In the present study, nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP) were induced by retinoic acid and fetal bovine serum to differentiate and then transplanted together with Matrigel into the transected distal sciatic or tibial nerve stump of transgenic nude mice ubiquitously expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). Control mice were transplanted with Matrigel only. The transplanted cells appeared neuron like, with large round nuclei and long extensions. Immunofluorescence staining showed that some of the transplanted cells in the distal nerve stump expressed the neuron marker Tuj1 as well as motor neuron markers Isl 1/2 and EN1. These transplanted cells contacted each other as well as host nerve fibers. Two weeks post-transplantation, nerve fibers in the distal sciatic nerve stump of the transplanted mice had greater expression of motor neuron markers and neurotrophic factor-3 than those in the Matrigel-only transplanted mice. Muscle fiber areas in the nestin-expressing stem cell plus Matrigel-transplanted animals were much bigger than that in the Matrigel-only transplanted animals after 4 weeks. The present results suggest that transplanted nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells can differentiate into motor neurons and reduce muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve transection. This study demonstrates a new and accessible neuron source to reduce muscle atrophy after nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuansen Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
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Zhan H, Li S, Sun J, Liu R, Yan F, Niu B, Zhang H, Wang X. Lettuce glycoside B ameliorates cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by increasing nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 expression of cerebral cortex in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 46:63-8. [PMID: 24550587 PMCID: PMC3912810 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.125171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of LGB on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and the mechanisms of action of LGB. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved extracting LGB from P. laciniata, exploring affects of LGB on brain ischemia and action mechanism at the molecular level. The cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury of middle cerebral artery occlusion was established. We measured brain histopathology and brain infarct rate to evaluate the effects of LGB on brain ischemia injury. The expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) were also measured to investigate the mechanisms of action by the real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All results were mentioned as mean ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine statistically significant differences among the groups. Values of P < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of LGB at the dose of 12, 24, and 48 mg/kg after brain ischemia injury remarkably ameliorated the morphology of neurons and brain infarct rate (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). LGB significantly increased NGF and NT-3 mRNA (messenger RNA) and both protein expression in cerebral cortex at the 24 and 72 h after drug administration (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS LGB has a neuroprotective effect in cerebral I/R injury and this effect might be attributed to its upregulation of NGF and NT-3 expression ability in the brain cortex during the latter phase of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqin Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Shengying Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department Medical Nursing, College of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Dadao Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruili Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Fulin Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Bingxuan Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Haifang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Henan, China
| | - Xinyao Wang
- Student Union, The Affiliated Middle School of Henan Normal University, Jian She Dong Lu, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Shen W, Zhu L, Lee SR, Chung SH, Gillies MC. Involvement of NT3 and P75(NTR) in photoreceptor degeneration following selective Müller cell ablation. J Neuroinflammation 2013; 10:137. [PMID: 24224958 PMCID: PMC3831588 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophins can regulate opposing functions that result in cell survival or apoptosis, depending on which form of the protein is secreted and which receptor and signaling pathway is activated. We have recently developed a transgenic model in which inducible and patchy Müller cell ablation leads to photoreceptor degeneration. This study aimed to examine the roles of mature neurotrophin-3 (NT3), pro-NT3 and p75 neurotrophin receptor (P75(NTR)) in photoreceptor degeneration in this model. METHODS Transgenic mice received tamoxifen to induce Müller cell ablation. Changes in the status of Müller and microglia cells as well as expression of mature NT3, pro-NT3 and P75(NTR) were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Recombinant mature NT3 and an antibody neutralizing 75(NTR) were injected intravitreally 3 and 6 days after Müller cell ablation to examine their effects on photoreceptor degeneration and microglial activation. RESULTS We found that patchy loss of Müller cells was associated with activation of surviving Müller cells and microglial cells, concurrently with reduced expression of mature NT3 and upregulation of pro-NT3 and P75(NTR). Intravitreal injection of mature NT3 and a neutralizing antibody to P75NTR, either alone or in combination, attenuated photoreceptor degeneration and the beneficial effect was associated with inhibition of microglial activation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Müller cell ablation alters the balance between the protective and deleterious effects of mature NT3 and pro-NT3. Modulation of the neuroprotective action of mature NT3 and pro-apoptotic pro-NT3/P75(NTR) signaling may represent a novel pharmacological strategy for photoreceptor protection in retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyong Shen
- Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia
| | - Ling Zhu
- Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia
| | - Sook H Chung
- Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia
| | - Mark C Gillies
- Save Sight Institute, the University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia
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Godinho MJ, Teh L, Pollett MA, Goodman D, Hodgetts SI, Sweetman I, Walters M, Verhaagen J, Plant GW, Harvey AR. Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and functional analysis of axonal regeneration through peripheral nerve grafts containing Schwann cells expressing BDNF, CNTF or NT3. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69987. [PMID: 23950907 PMCID: PMC3739754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We used morphological, immunohistochemical and functional assessments to determine the impact of genetically-modified peripheral nerve (PN) grafts on axonal regeneration after injury. Grafts were assembled from acellular nerve sheaths repopulated ex vivo with Schwann cells (SCs) modified to express brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a secretable form of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), or neurotrophin-3 (NT3). Grafts were used to repair unilateral 1 cm defects in rat peroneal nerves and 10 weeks later outcomes were compared to normal nerves and various controls: autografts, acellular grafts and grafts with unmodified SCs. The number of regenerated βIII-Tubulin positive axons was similar in all grafts with the exception of CNTF, which contained the fewest immunostained axons. There were significantly lower fiber counts in acellular, untransduced SC and NT3 groups using a PanNF antibody, suggesting a paucity of large caliber axons. In addition, NT3 grafts contained the greatest number of sensory fibres, identified with either IB4 or CGRP markers. Examination of semi- and ultra-thin sections revealed heterogeneous graft morphologies, particularly in BDNF and NT3 grafts in which the fascicular organization was pronounced. Unmyelinated axons were loosely organized in numerous Remak bundles in NT3 grafts, while the BDNF graft group displayed the lowest ratio of umyelinated to myelinated axons. Gait analysis revealed that stance width was increased in rats with CNTF and NT3 grafts, and step length involving the injured left hindlimb was significantly greater in NT3 grafted rats, suggesting enhanced sensory sensitivity in these animals. In summary, the selective expression of BDNF, CNTF or NT3 by genetically modified SCs had differential effects on PN graft morphology, the number and type of regenerating axons, myelination, and locomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Godinho
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lip Teh
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Unit, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Margaret A. Pollett
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Douglas Goodman
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart I. Hodgetts
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Iain Sweetman
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Walters
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Unit, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joost Verhaagen
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giles W. Plant
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Ashour AE, Jamal S, Cheryan VT, Muthu M, Zoheir KMA, Alafeefy AM, Abd-Allah AR, Levi E, Tarca AL, Polin LA, Rishi AK. CARP-1 functional mimetics: a novel class of small molecule inhibitors of medulloblastoma cell growth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66733. [PMID: 23826121 PMCID: PMC3691183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastomas (MBs) constitute an aggressive class of intracranial pediatric tumors. Current multimodality treatments for MBs include surgery, ionizing radiation, and chemotherapy. Toxic side effects of therapies coupled with high incidence of recurrence and the metastatic spread warrant development of more effective, less toxic therapies for this disease. CARP-1/CCAR1 is a peri-nuclear phospho-protein that is a co-activator of the cell cycle regulatory anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ligase. CARP-1 functional mimetics (CFMs) are a novel class of small molecule compounds that interfere with CARP-1 binding with APC/C subunit APC-2, and suppress growth of a variety of cancer cells in part by promoting apoptosis. Here we investigated MB growth inhibitory potential of the CFMs and found that CFM-4 inhibits growth of MB cells in part by inducing CARP-1 expression, promoting PARP cleavage, activating pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK) p38 and JNK, and apoptosis. Gene-array-based analysis of the CFM-4-treated Daoy MB cells indicated down-regulation of a number of key cell growth and metastasis-promoting genes including cell motility regulating small GTP binding protein p21Rac1, and extracellular matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-10. Moreover, CFM-4 treatment stimulated expression of a number of molecules such as neurotrophin (NTF)3, and NF-κB signaling inhibitors ABIN1 and 2 proteins. Overexpression of NTF3 resulted in reduced MB cell viability while knock-down of NTF3 interfered with CFM-4-dependent loss of viability. CFMs also attenuated biological properties of the MB cells by blocking their abilities to migrate, form colonies in suspension, and invade through the matrix-coated membranes. Together our data support anti-MB properties of CFM-4, and provide a proof-of-concept basis for further development of CFMs as potential anti-cancer agents for MBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader E. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Jamal
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Vino T. Cheryan
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Magesh Muthu
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Khairy M. A. Zoheir
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cell Biology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Alafeefy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel R. Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edi Levi
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Polin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Arun K. Rishi
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gajewska-Woźniak O, Skup M, Kasicki S, Ziemlińska E, Czarkowska-Bauch J. Enhancing proprioceptive input to motoneurons differentially affects expression of neurotrophin 3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat hoffmann-reflex circuitry. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65937. [PMID: 23776573 PMCID: PMC3679030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) for motor control prompted us to ask the question whether direct electrical stimulation of low-threshold muscle afferents, strengthening the proprioceptive signaling, could effectively increase the endogenous pool of this neurotrophin and its receptor TrkC in the Hoffmann-reflex (H-reflex) circuitry. The effects were compared with those of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptor. Continuous bursts of stimuli were delivered unilaterally for seven days, 80 min daily, by means of a cuff-electrode implanted over the tibial nerve in awake rats. The H-reflex was recorded in the soleus muscle to control the strength of stimulation. Stimulation aimed at activation of Ia fibers produced a strong increase of NT-3 protein, measured with ELISA, in the lumbar L3-6 segments of the spinal cord and in the soleus muscle. This stimulation exerted much weaker effect on BDNF protein level which slightly increased only in L3-6 segments of the spinal cord. Increased protein level of NT-3 and BDNF corresponded to the changes of NT-3 mRNA and BDNF mRNA expression in L3-6 segments but not in the soleus muscle. We disclosed tissue-specificity of TrkC mRNA and TrkB mRNA responses. In the spinal cord TrkC and TrkB transcripts tended to decrease, whereas in the soleus muscle TrkB mRNA decreased and TrkC mRNA expression strongly increased, suggesting that stimulation of Ia fibers leads to sensitization of the soleus muscle to NT-3 signaling. The possibility of increasing NT-3/TrkC signaling in the neuromuscular system, with minor effects on BDNF/TrkB signaling, by means of low-threshold electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves, which in humans might be applied in non-invasive way, offers an attractive therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gajewska-Woźniak
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Skup
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (JC-B); (MS)
| | - Stefan Kasicki
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Ziemlińska
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julita Czarkowska-Bauch
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (JC-B); (MS)
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48
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Hu YS, Long N, Pigino G, Brady ST, Lazarov O. Molecular mechanisms of environmental enrichment: impairments in Akt/GSK3β, neurotrophin-3 and CREB signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64460. [PMID: 23700479 PMCID: PMC3660250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Experience of mice in a complex environment enhances neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of wild type and transgenic mice harboring familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD)-linked APPswe/PS1ΔE9. In FAD mice, this experience also reduces levels of tau hyperphosphorylation and oligomeric β-amyloid. Although environmental enrichment has significant effects on brain plasticity and neuropathology, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. Here we show that environmental enrichment upregulates the Akt pathway, leading to the downregulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), in wild type but not FAD mice. Several neurotrophic signaling pathways are activated in the hippocampus of both wild type and FAD mice, including brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), and this increase is accompanied by the upregulation of the BDNF receptor, tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). Interestingly, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is upregulated in the brains of wild type mice but not FAD mice, while insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is upregulated exclusively in the brains of FAD mice. Upregulation of neurotrophins is accompanied by the increase of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in the hippocampus following environmental enrichment. Most importantly, we observed a significant increase in levels of cAMP response element- binding (CREB) transcripts in the hippocampus of wild type and FAD mice following environmental enrichment. However, CREB phosphorylation, a critical step for the initiation of learning and memory-required gene transcription, takes place in the hippocampus of wild type but not of FAD mice. These results suggest that experience of wild type mice in a complex environmental upregulates critical signaling that play a major role in learning and memory in the hippocampus. However, in FAD mice, some of these pathways are impaired and cannot be rescued by environmental enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Shih Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nancy Long
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Pigino
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Scott T. Brady
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Orly Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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49
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Jones J, Estirado A, Redondo C, Martinez S. Stem cells from wildtype and Friedreich's ataxia mice present similar neuroprotective properties in dorsal root ganglia cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62807. [PMID: 23671637 PMCID: PMC3650052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative disorders share a common susceptibility to oxidative stress, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson Disease, Huntington Disease and Friedreich's ataxia. In a previous work, we proved that stem cell-conditioned medium increased the survival of cells isolated from Friedreich's ataxia patients, when submitted to oxidative stress. The aim of the present work is to confirm this same effect in dorsal root ganglia cells isolated from YG8 mice, a mouse model of Friedreich's ataxia. In this disorder, the neurons of the dorsal root ganglia are the first to degenerate. Also, in this work we cultured mesenchymal stem cells isolated from YG8 mice, in order to compare them with their wildtype counterpart. To this end, dorsal root ganglia primary cultures isolated from YG8 mice were exposed to oxidative stress and cultured with conditioned medium from either wildtype or YG8 stem cells. As a result, the conditioned medium increased the survival of the dorsal root ganglia cells. This coincided with an increase in oxidative stress-related markers and frataxin expression levels. BDNF, NT3 and NT4 trophic factors were detected in the conditioned medium of both wild-type and YG8 stem cells, all which bind to the various neuronal cell types present in the dorsal root ganglia. No differences were observed in the stem cells isolated from wildtype and YG8 mice. The results presented confirm the possibility that autologous stem cell transplantation may be a viable therapeutic approach in protecting dorsal root ganglia neurons of Friedreich's ataxia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Jones
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Neuroscience Institute-Miguel Hernandez University (UMH-CSIC), Alicante, Spain.
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De Laporte L, Rice JJ, Tortelli F, Hubbell JA. Tenascin C promiscuously binds growth factors via its fifth fibronectin type III-like domain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62076. [PMID: 23637968 PMCID: PMC3630135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein that is upregulated during development as well as tissue remodeling. TNC is comprised of multiple independent folding domains, including 15 fibronectin type III-like (TNCIII) domains. The fifth TNCIII domain (TNCIII5) has previously been shown to bind heparin. Our group has shown that the heparin-binding fibronectin type III domains of fibronectin (FNIII), specifically FNIII12–14, possess affinity towards a large number of growth factors. Here, we show that TNCIII5 binds growth factors promiscuously and with high affinity. We produced recombinant fragments of TNC representing the first five TNCIII repeats (TNCIII1–5), as well as subdomains, including TNCIII5, to study interactions with various growth factors. Multiple growth factors of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family, the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs), and neurotrophins were found to bind with high affinity to this region of TNC, specifically to TNCIII5. Surface plasmon resonance was performed to analyze the kinetics of binding of TNCIII1–5 with TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, NT-3, and FGF-2. The promiscuous yet high affinity of TNC for a wide array of growth factors, mediated mainly by TNCIII5, may play a role in multiple physiological and pathological processes involving TNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Laporte
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey J. Rice
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Federico Tortelli
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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