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Deng Y, Zhao H, Zhang X, Li X, Chi G. The dissipation of organophosphate esters mediated by ryegrass root exudate oxalic acid in soil: Analysis of enzymes activities, microorganism. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141896. [PMID: 38579949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Complex rhizoremediation is the main mechanism of phytoremediation in organic-contaminated soil. Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in root exudates have been shown to increase the bioavailability of contaminants and are essential for promoting the dissipation of contaminants. The effects of root exudates on the dissipation of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in soil are unclear. Consequently, we studied the combined effects of root exudates, soil enzymes and microorganisms on OPEs (tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP)) dissipation through pot experiments. Oxalic acid (OA) was confirmed to be the main component of LMWOAs in root exudates of ryegrass. The existence of OA increased the dissipation rate of OPEs by 6.04%-25.50%. Catalase and dehydrogenase activities were firstly activated and then inhibited in soil. While, urease activity was activated and alkaline phosphatase activity was inhibited during the exposure period. More bacteria enrichment (e.g., Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Flavisolibacter, Pontibacter, Methylophilus and Massilia) improved the biodegradation of OPEs. In addition, the transformation paths of OPEs hydrolysis and methylation under the action of root exudates were observed. This study provided theoretical insights into reducing the pollution risk of OPEs in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xiaonuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Goujian Chi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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2
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Nisha FA, Tagoe JNA, Pease AB, Horne SM, Ugrinov A, Geddes BA, Prüß BM. Plant seedlings of peas, tomatoes, and cucumbers exude compounds that are needed for growth and chemoattraction of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 and Azospirillum brasilense Sp7. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:150-162. [PMID: 38427979 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This study characterizes seedling exudates of peas, tomatoes, and cucumbers at the level of chemical composition and functionality. A plant experiment confirmed that Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 enhanced growth of pea shoots, while Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 supported growth of pea, tomato, and cucumber roots. Chemical analysis of exudates after 1 day of seedling incubation in water yielded differences between the exudates of the three plants. Most remarkably, cucumber seedling exudate did not contain detectable sugars. All exudates contained amino acids, nucleobases/nucleosides, and organic acids, among other compounds. Cucumber seedling exudate contained reduced glutathione. Migration on semi solid agar plates containing individual exudate compounds as putative chemoattractants revealed that R. leguminosarum bv. viciae was more selective than A. brasilense, which migrated towards any of the compounds tested. Migration on semi solid agar plates containing 1:1 dilutions of seedling exudate was observed for each of the combinations of bacteria and exudates tested. Likewise, R. leguminosarum bv. viciae and A. brasilense grew on each of the three seedling exudates, though at varying growth rates. We conclude that the seedling exudates of peas, tomatoes, and cucumbers contain everything that is needed for their symbiotic bacteria to migrate and grow on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema A Nisha
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Janice N A Tagoe
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Amanda B Pease
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Shelley M Horne
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Barney A Geddes
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Birgit M Prüß
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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3
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Fortier M, Lemyre J, Ancelin E, Oulyadi H, Driouich A, Vicré M, Follet-Gueye ML, Guilhaudis L. Development of a root exudate collection protocol for metabolomics analysis using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Plant Sci 2023; 331:111694. [PMID: 37004941 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of root exudates are released by plant roots into the soil. Due to their importance in regulating the rhizosphere properties, it is necessary to unravel the precise composition and function of exudates at the root-soil interface. However, obtaining root exudates without inducing artefacts is a difficult task. To analyse the low molecular weight molecules secreted by pea roots, a protocol of root exudate collection was developed to perform a metabolomics analysis using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). To date a few NMR studies are dedicated to root exudates. Plant culture, exudates collection and sample preparation methods had thus to be adapted to the NMR approach. Here, pea seedlings were hydroponically grown. The obtained NMR fingerprints show that osmotic stress increases the quantity of the exudates but not their diversity. We therefore selected a protocol reducing the harvest time and using an ionic solvent and applied it to the analysis of faba bean exudates. NMR analysis of the metabolic profiles allowed to discriminate between pea and faba bean according to their exudate composition. This protocol is therefore very promising for studying the composition of root exudates from different plant species as well as their evolution in response to different environmental conditions or pathophysiological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Fortier
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), INSA de Rouen, CNRS, F-76000 Rouen, France; Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Julie Lemyre
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), INSA de Rouen, CNRS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Edouard Ancelin
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), INSA de Rouen, CNRS, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Maïté Vicré
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, F-76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Laure Guilhaudis
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), INSA de Rouen, CNRS, F-76000 Rouen, France.
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4
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Abstract
It has been estimated that between 40 and 60 % of the assimilated carbon is diverted to the roots and released in the rhizosphere in form of root exudates. Root exudates thus define a complex mixture of low and high molecular weight compounds, including carbohydrates, amino acids, organic, and proteins, but also a broad spectrum of specialized molecules, such as flavonoids, glucosinolates, terpenoids, or alkaloids. Root exudates favour soil mineral nutrition, can bind to soil aggregate and in turn modify soil physico-chemical properties, but also mediate plant-plant, plant-microbe, and plant-animal interactions belowground. With this review, we aim to highlight how chemical ecologists have approached the study of root exudates-mediated interactions between plants and their biotic and abiotic surroundings. We do so by presenting a series of study cases for, on one hand, showcasing different methodologies that have been developed to test the activity of different root exudates, and, on the other hand, to show the broad array of interactions mediated by root exudates. Ultimately, we aim to spur further research and collaborations between chemists and ecologists studying belowground chemically-mediated interactions, so as to tackle essential challenges in terms of food security and climate change in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rasmann
- Functional Ecology Laboratory, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel.
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5
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Stallmann J, Pons CAA, Schweiger R, Müller C. Time point- and plant part-specific changes in phloem exudate metabolites of leaves and ears of wheat in response to drought and effects on aphids. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262671. [PMID: 35077467 PMCID: PMC8789166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the frequency and intensity of drought events are expected due to climate change and might have consequences for plant metabolism and the development of plant antagonists. In this study, the responses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) and one of its major pests, the aphid Sitobion avenae, to different drought regimes were investigated, considering different time points and plant parts. Plants were kept well-watered or subjected to either continuous or pulsed drought. Phloem exudates were collected twice from leaves and once from ears during the growth period and concentrations of amino acids, organic acids and sugars were determined. Population growth and survival of the aphid S. avenae were monitored on these plant parts. Relative concentrations of metabolites in the phloem exudates varied with the time point, the plant part as well as the irrigation regime. Pronounced increases in relative concentrations were found for proline, especially in pulsed drought-stressed plants. Moreover, relative concentrations of sucrose were lower in phloem exudates of ears than in those of leaves. The population growth and survival of aphids were decreased on plants subjected to drought and populations grew twice as large on ears compared to leaves. Our study revealed that changes in irrigation frequency and intensity modulate plant-aphid interactions. These effects may at least partly be mediated by changes in the metabolic composition of the phloem sap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Stallmann
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Rabea Schweiger
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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6
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Zhang W, Mason GA. Modulating the rhizosphere microbiome by altering the cocktail of root secretions. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:12-13. [PMID: 35051291 PMCID: PMC8774711 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - G Alex Mason
- Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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7
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Lambert JB, Santiago-Blay JA, Wu Y, Contreras TA, Johnson CL, Bisulca CM. Characterization of Phenolic Plant Exudates by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2511-2524. [PMID: 34491068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The class of plant exudates that contain the phenol functionality, termed phenolics, is defined, surveyed, and characterized by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy and by solution-state 1H NMR spectroscopy. Materials in this group are identified by the phenolic 13C resonance (from the ipso carbon of ArOH) at δ 145-160 (δ 160-167 for ArOR). The resonance patterns define several subclasses based on the collective similarity of their 13C spectra, specifically, aloetics from the genus Aloe, guaiacs from the genus Guaiacum and other eurosid and conifer genera, xanthics from the genus Garcinia, and kinos from the genus Eucalyptus and many other genera. Phenolic exudates often are mixed with terpenoid materials (the building block of exudates known as resins) and carbohydrates (the building block of exudates known as gums) to form hybrid subgroups such as guaiac gums, guaiac resins, and kino resins. There are numerous phenolic exudates not affiliated with any of these groups, both as pure phenolics and as hybrids (phenolic resins, phenolic gum resins, and phenolic waxes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Jorge A Santiago-Blay
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. 20560, United States
| | - Yuyang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60025, United States
| | - Tayde A Contreras
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Connor L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Christina M Bisulca
- Detroit Institute of Arts, 5200 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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8
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Gomez-Zepeda D, Frausto M, Nájera-González HR, Herrera-Estrella L, Ordaz-Ortiz JJ. Mass spectrometry-based quantification and spatial localization of small organic acid exudates in plant roots under phosphorus deficiency and aluminum toxicity. Plant J 2021; 106:1791-1806. [PMID: 33797826 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight organic acid (OA) extrusion by plant roots is critical for plant nutrition, tolerance to cations toxicity, and plant-microbe interactions. Therefore, methodologies for the rapid and precise quantification of OAs are necessary to be incorporated in the analysis of roots and their exudates. The spatial location of root exudates is also important to understand the molecular mechanisms directing OA production and release into the rhizosphere. Here, we report the development of two complementary methodologies for OA determination, which were employed to evaluate the effect of inorganic ortho-phosphate (Pi) deficiency and aluminum toxicity on OA excretion by Arabidopsis roots. OA exudation by roots is considered a core response to different types of abiotic stress and for the interaction of roots with soil microbes, and for decades has been a target trait to produce plant varieties with increased capacities of Pi uptake and Al tolerance. Using targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS), we achieved the quantification of six OAs in root exudates at sub-micromolar detection limits with an analysis time of less than 5 min per sample. We also employed targeted (MS/MS) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to detect the spatial location of citric and malic acid with high specificity in roots and exudates. Using these methods, we studied OA exudation in response to Al toxicity and Pi deficiency in Arabidopsis seedlings overexpressing genes involved in OA excretion. Finally, we show the transferability of the MALDI-MSI method by analyzing OA excretion in Marchantia polymorpha gemmalings subjected to Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gomez-Zepeda
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Moises Frausto
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36824, Mexico
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Héctor-Rogelio Nájera-González
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36824, Mexico
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - José-Juan Ordaz-Ortiz
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36824, Mexico
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9
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Funayama-Noguchi S, Shibata M, Noguchi K, Terashima I. Effects of root morphology, respiration and carboxylate exudation on carbon economy in two non-mycorrhizal lupines under phosphorus deficiency. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:598-612. [PMID: 33099780 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Under phosphorus (P) deficiency, Lupinus albus develops cluster roots that allow efficient P acquisition, while L. angustifolius without cluster roots also grows well. Both species are non-mycorrhizal. We quantitatively examined the carbon budgets to investigate the different strategies of these species. Biomass allocation, respiratory rates, protein amounts and carboxylate exudation rates were examined in hydroponically-grown plants treated with low (1 μM; P1) or high (100 μM; P100) P. At P1, L. albus formed cluster roots, and L. angustifolius increased biomass allocation to the roots. The respiratory rates of the roots were faster in L. albus than in L. angustifolius. The protein amounts of the non-phosphorylating alternative oxidase and uncoupling protein were greater in the cluster roots of L. albus at P1 than in the roots at P100, but similar between the P treatments in L. angustifolius roots. At P1, L. albus exuded carboxylates at a faster rate than L. angustifolius. The carbon budgets at P1 were surprisingly similar between the two species, which is attributed to the contrasting root growth and development strategies. L. albus developed cluster roots with rapid respiratory and carboxylate exudation rates, while L. angustifolius developed a larger root system with slow respiratory and exudation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Shibata
- Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ko Noguchi
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Terashima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Zhao M, Zhao J, Yuan J, Hale L, Wen T, Huang Q, Vivanco JM, Zhou J, Kowalchuk GA, Shen Q. Root exudates drive soil-microbe-nutrient feedbacks in response to plant growth. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:613-628. [PMID: 33103781 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although interactions between plants and microbes at the plant-soil interface are known to be important for plant nutrient acquisition, relatively little is known about how root exudates contribute to nutrient exchange over the course of plant development. In this study, root exudates from slow- and fast-growing stages of Arabidopsis thaliana plants were collected, chemically analysed and then applied to a sandy nutrient-depleted soil. We then tracked the impacts of these exudates on soil bacterial communities, soil nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, available phosphorus and potassium) and plant growth. Both pools of exudates shifted bacterial community structure. GeoChip analyses revealed increases in the functional gene potential of both exudate-treated soils, with similar responses observed for slow-growing and fast-growing plant exudate treatments. The fast-growing stage root exudates induced higher nutrient mineralization and enhanced plant growth as compared to treatments with slow-growing stage exudates and the control. These results suggest that plants may adjust their exudation patterns over the course of their different growth phases to help tailor microbial recruitment to meet increased nutrient demands during periods demanding faster growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lauren Hale
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, California, USA
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Tao Wen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiwei Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jorge M Vivanco
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture and Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, and School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - George A Kowalchuk
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) in the root exudates can be detected by germination assays with root parasitic weed seeds, but precise and accurate evaluation and quantification are possible only by chemical analysis with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Here we describe methods for root exudate collection, sample preparation, and LC-MS/MS analysis of SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaori Yoneyama
- Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan.
- Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
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12
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Abstract
The accurate structure determination of strigolactones (SLs) that are produced by plants leads to the precise understanding of the biosynthesis and functions of their molecules. SLs need to be isolated and purified from the plant roots or root exudates in a hydroponic solution using appropriate methods in order to determine the structures. In this chapter, we describe a small-scale extraction method for chromatographic analysis of known SLs and a large-scale purification method for isolation of unknown SLs, together with methods for the hydroponic culture of plants and collection of root exudates. Finally, we present spectroscopic data that are helpful in identifying SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotomi Ueno
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
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13
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Abstract
Plants have evolved advanced chemical defense mechanisms, including root exudation, which enable them to respond to changes occurring in their surroundings rapidly. Yet, it remains unresolved how root exudation affects belowground plant-plant interactions. The objective of this study was to elucidate the fate of benzoxazinoids (BXs) exuded from the roots of rye (Secale cereale L.) plants grown with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). A rapid method that allows nondestructive and reproducible chemical profiling of the root exudates was developed. Targeted chemical analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was performed to investigate the changes in the composition and concentration of BXs in the rye plant, and its root exudate in response to cocultivation with hairy vetch. Furthermore, hairy vetch plants were screened for the possible uptake of BXs from the rhizosphere and their translocation to the shoot. Rye significantly increased the production and root exudation of BXs, in particular 2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-glc) and 2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA-glc), in response to cocultivation with hairy vetch. DIBOA-glc and DIMBOA-glc were absorbed by the roots of the cocultivated hairy vetch plants and translocated to the shoots. These findings will strongly improve our understanding of the exudation of BXs from the rye plant and their role in interaction with other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hazrati
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Inge S Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Kudsk
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Aarhus, Denmark
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14
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Egenolf K, Conrad J, Schöne J, Braunberger C, Beifuß U, Walker F, Nuñez J, Arango J, Karwat H, Cadisch G, Neumann G, Rasche F. Brachialactone isomers and derivatives of Brachiaria humidicola reveal contrasting nitrification inhibiting activity. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 154:491-497. [PMID: 32663650 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological Nitrification Inhibition (BNI) of Brachiaria humidicola has been mainly attributed to the root-exuded fusicoccane-type diterpene brachialactone. We hypothesized, however, that according to the high diversity of fusicoccanes described for plants and microorganisms, BNI of B. humidicola is caused by an assemblage of bioactive fusicoccanes. B. humidicola root exudates were collected hydroponically and compounds isolated by semi-preparative HPLC. Chemical structures were revealed by spectroscopic techniques, including HRMS as well as 1D and 2D NMR. Nitrification inhibiting (NI) potential of isolated compounds was evaluated by a Nitrosomonas europaea based bioassay. Besides the previously described brachialactone (1), root exudates contained 3-epi-brachialactone (2), the C3-epimer of 1 (m/z 334), as well as 16-hydroxy-3-epi-brachialactone (3) with an additional hydroxyl group at C16 (m/z 350) and 3,18-epoxy-9-hydroxy-4,7-seco-brachialactone (4), which is a ring opened brachialactone derivative with a 3,18 epoxide ring and a hydroxyl group at C9 (m/z 332). The 3-epi-brachialactone (2) showed highest NI activity (ED50 ~ 20 μg mL-1, ED80 ~ 40 μg mL-1), followed by compound 4 with intermediate (ED50 ~ 40 μg mL-1), brachialactone (1) with low and compound 3 without activity. In coherence with previous reports on fusicoccanes, stereochemistry at C3 was of high relevance for the biological activity (NI potential) of brachialactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Egenolf
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jürgen Conrad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Schöne
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Beifuß
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Walker
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan Nuñez
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jacobo Arango
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Hannes Karwat
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Georg Cadisch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Günter Neumann
- Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Rasche
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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15
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Sun XD, Yuan XZ, Jia Y, Feng LJ, Zhu FP, Dong SS, Liu J, Kong X, Tian H, Duan JL, Ding Z, Wang SG, Xing B. Differentially charged nanoplastics demonstrate distinct accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Nanotechnol 2020; 15:755-760. [PMID: 32572228 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the fates of microplastics (0.1-5 mm in size) and nanoplastics (<100 nm) in marine environments are being increasingly well studied1,2, little is known about the behaviour of nanoplastics in terrestrial environments3-6, especially agricultural soils7. Previous studies have evaluated the consequences of nanoplastic accumulation in aquatic plants, but there is no direct evidence for the internalization of nanoplastics in terrestrial plants. Here, we show that both positively and negatively charged nanoplastics can accumulate in Arabidopsis thaliana. The aggregation promoted by the growth medium and root exudates limited the uptake of amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics with positive surface charges. Thus, positively charged nanoplastics accumulated at relatively low levels in the root tips, but these nanoplastics induced a higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species and inhibited plant growth and seedling development more strongly than negatively charged sulfonic-acid-modified nanoplastics. By contrast, the negatively charged nanoplastics were observed frequently in the apoplast and xylem. Our findings provide direct evidence that nanoplastics can accumulate in plants, depending on their surface charge. Plant accumulation of nanoplastics can have both direct ecological effects and implications for agricultural sustainability and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Zheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuebin Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Ping Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Shang Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangpei Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Lu Duan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shu-Guang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA, USA.
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Kuang MS, Liu TT, Wu HB, Lan HP, Wen YX, Wu HB, Li XM. Constituents Leached by Tomato Seeds Regulate the Behavior of Root-Knot Nematodes and Their Antifungal Effects against Seed-Borne Fungi. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:9061-9069. [PMID: 32786848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Germinating seeds can release diverse phytochemicals that repel, inhibit, or kill pathogens such as root-knot nematodes and seed-borne fungi. However, little is known about the composition of these phytochemicals and their effects on pathogens. In this study, we demonstrated that tomato seed exudates can attract the nematode Meloidogyne incognita using a dual-choice assay. Eighteen compounds were then isolated and identified from the exudates. Of these, esters (1-3), fatty acids (4-6), and phenolic acids (10-12) were proven to be the signaling molecules that facilitated the host-seeking process of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of nematodes, while alkaloids (17 and 18) disrupted J2s in locating their host. Furthermore, some phenolic acids and alkaloids showed antifungal effects against seed-borne fungi. In particular, ferulic acid (12) showed obvious activity against Aspergillus flavus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 32 μg/mL), while dihydrocapsaicin (17) showed noticeable activity against Fusarium oxysporum (MIC, 16 μg/mL). Overall, this study presents the first evidence that M. incognita can be attracted to or deterred by various compounds in seed exudates through identification of the structures of the compounds in the exudates and analysis of their effects on nematodes. Furthermore, some antifungal compounds were also found. The findings of this work suggest that seed exudates are new source for finding insights into the development of plant protective substances with nematocidal and antifungal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shan Kuang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bin Wu
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Peng Lan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xin Wen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Meng Li
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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Garcia EJ, McDowell T, Ketola C, Jennings M, Miller JD, Renaud JB. Metabolomics reveals chemical changes in Acer saccharum sap over a maple syrup production season. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235787. [PMID: 32817615 PMCID: PMC7444596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Maple syrup, made by boiling the sap of Acer saccharum, is an important agriculture commodity in eastern Canada and New England. Although the collection season is relatively short, a rich progression in the sensory qualities of maple syrup can occur throughout the season. A risk associated with maple syrup production at the end of a season is the development of off-flavors that result in syrup with little to no commercial value. Maple syrup producers in Canada and the USA call this ‘buddy syrup’. In this study, sugar maple (Acer saccharum) sap was collected in sequential samples through the harvest season from stands across Ontario. Metabolomics analysis of the sap samples was performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. This revealed an evolution of the chemical composition, mainly occurring 30 days prior to leaf emergence. The major chemical constituent of maple syrup, sucrose, decreased sharply in late season sap, driven by microbial activity. The alditol mannitol increased in late season sap to concentrations ≥2 mg/mL and is likely an indicator of the start of photosynthesis. Amino acids, notably methionine and asparagine were present in higher amounts in late season sap. Non-targeted analysis revealed a series of related compounds that contained quaternary ammonium moieties including choline, hercynine, trigonelline, glycine betaine and carnitine increased in late season sap. These classes of compounds could act as methyl donors during the heating/evaporation of sap into syrup, affecting taste. Based on descriptions of the nature of buddy syrup and an extensive literature on flavors in foods, the amino acids methionine and asparagine were found as likely precursors to the compounds responsible for buddy syrup.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Jose Garcia
- Fanshawe College, School of Applied Science and Technology, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tim McDowell
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Ketola
- Fanshawe College, School of Applied Science and Technology, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Jennings
- Fanshawe College, School of Applied Science and Technology, London, ON, Canada
| | - J. David Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Justin B. Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Wyganowska-Swiatkowska M, Nohawica M, Grocholewicz K, Nowak G. Influence of Herbal Medicines on HMGB1 Release, SARS-CoV-2 Viral Attachment, Acute Respiratory Failure, and Sepsis. A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4639. [PMID: 32629817 PMCID: PMC7370028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By attaching to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein on lung and intestinal cells, Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) can cause respiratory and homeostatic difficulties leading to sepsis. The progression from acute respiratory failure to sepsis has been correlated with the release of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1). Lack of effective conventional treatment of this septic state has spiked an interest in alternative medicine. This review of herbal extracts has identified multiple candidates which can target the release of HMGB1 and potentially reduce mortality by preventing progression from respiratory distress to sepsis. Some of the identified mixtures have also been shown to interfere with viral attachment. Due to the wide variability in chemical superstructure of the components of assorted herbal extracts, common motifs have been identified. Looking at the most active compounds in each extract it becomes evident that as a group, phenolic compounds have a broad enzyme inhibiting function. They have been shown to act against the priming of SARS-CoV-2 attachment proteins by host and viral enzymes, and the release of HMGB1 by host immune cells. An argument for the value in a nonspecific inhibitory action has been drawn. Hopefully these findings can drive future drug development and clinical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Wyganowska-Swiatkowska
- Chair of Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Michal Nohawica
- Chair of Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Gerard Nowak
- Department of Medicinal and Cosmetic Natural Products, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Mazowiecka 33, 60-623 Poznan, Poland;
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19
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Oota M, Tsai AYL, Aoki D, Matsushita Y, Toyoda S, Fukushima K, Saeki K, Toda K, Perfus-Barbeoch L, Favery B, Ishikawa H, Sawa S. Identification of Naturally Occurring Polyamines as Root-Knot Nematode Attractants. Mol Plant 2020; 13:658-665. [PMID: 31891776 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; genus Meloidogyne) are a class of plant parasites that infect the roots of many plant species. It is believed that RKNs target certain signaling molecules derived from plants to locate their hosts; however, currently, no plant compound has been unambiguously identified as a universal RKN attractant. To address this question, we screened a chemical library of synthetic compounds for Meloidogyne incognita attractants. The breakdown product of aminopropylamino-anthraquinone, 1,3-diaminopropane, as well as its related compounds, putrescine and cadaverine, were found to attract M. incognita. After examining various polyamines, M. incognita were found to be attracted specifically by natural compounds that possess three to five methylene groups between two terminal amino groups. Using cryo-TOF-SIMS/SEM, cadaverine was indeed detected in soybean root cortex cells and the surrounding rhizosphere, establishing a chemical gradient. In addition to cadaverine, putrescine and 1,3-diaminopropane were also detected in root exudate by HPLC-MS/MS. Furthermore, exogenously applied cadaverine is sufficient to enhance M. incognita infection of Arabidopsis seedlings. These results suggest that M. incognita is likely attracted by polyamines to locate the appropriate host plants, and the naturally occurring polyamines have potential applications in agriculture in developing protection strategies for crops from RKN infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morihiro Oota
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Allen Yi-Lun Tsai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Dan Aoki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Matsushita
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Syuuto Toyoda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fukushima
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kentaro Saeki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Toda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Laetitia Perfus-Barbeoch
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia-Antipolis 06900, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia-Antipolis 06900, France
| | - Hayato Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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20
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Liu Y, Feng H, Chen L, Zhang H, Dong X, Xiong Q, Zhang R. Root-Secreted Spermine Binds to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 Histidine Kinase KinD and Modulates Biofilm Formation. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2020; 33:423-432. [PMID: 31741422 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-19-0201-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The signal molecules in root exudates that are sensed by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are critical to regulate their root colonization. Phosphorylated Spo0A is an important global transcriptional regulator that controls colonization and sporulation in Bacillus species. In this study, we found that deletion of kinD from PGPR strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9, encoding an original phosphate donor of Spo0A, resulted in reduced biofilm formation in root exudates compared with the wild-type strain, indicating that KinD is responsible for sensing root exudates. Ligands of B. amyloliquefaciens SQR9 KinD in cucumber root exudates were determined by both the nontargeted ligand fishing method and the targeted surface plasmon resonance detection method. In total, we screened 80 compounds in root exudates for binding to KinD and found that spermine and guanosine could bind to KinD with dissociation constant values of 213 and 51 μΜ, respectively. In addition, calcium l-threonate, N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid, sodium decanoic acid, and parabanic acid could also bind weakly to KinD. The three-dimensional binding models were then constructed to demonstrate the interactions between the root-secreted signals and KinD. It was observed that exogenous spermine reduced the wrinkles of biofilm when kinD was deleted, indicating that KinD might be involved in sensing root-secreted spermine and stabilizing biofilm in response to this negative effector. This study provided a new insight of interaction between a rhizobacterial sensor and root-secreted signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Haichao Feng
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Qin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
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21
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Galloway AF, Knox P, Krause K. Sticky mucilages and exudates of plants: putative microenvironmental design elements with biotechnological value. New Phytol 2020; 225:1461-1469. [PMID: 31454421 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a wide array of secretions both above and below ground. Known as mucilages or exudates, they are secreted by seeds, roots, leaves and stems and fulfil a variety of functions including adhesion, protection, nutrient acquisition and infection. Mucilages are generally polysaccharide-rich and often occur in the form of viscoelastic gels and in many cases have adhesive properties. In some cases, progress is being made in understanding the structure-function relationships of mucilages such as for the secretions that allow growing ivy to attach to substrates and the biosynthesis and secretion of the mucilage compounds of the Arabidopsis seed coat. Work is just beginning towards understanding root mucilage and the proposed adhesive polymers involved in the formation of rhizosheaths at root surfaces and for the secretions involved in host plant infection by parasitic plants. In this article, we summarise knowledge on plant exudates and mucilages within the concept of their functions in microenvironmental design, focusing in particular on their bioadhesive functions and the molecules responsible for them. We draw attention to areas of future knowledge need, including the microstructure of mucilages and their compositional and regulatory dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Galloway
- Department for Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
| | - Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kirsten Krause
- Department for Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
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22
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Vives-Peris V, de Ollas C, Gómez-Cadenas A, Pérez-Clemente RM. Root exudates: from plant to rhizosphere and beyond. Plant Cell Rep 2020; 39:3-17. [PMID: 31346716 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the composition of root exudates, how these metabolites are released to the rhizosphere and their importance in the recruitment of beneficial microbiota that alleviate plant stress. Metabolites secreted to the rhizosphere by roots are involved in several processes. By modulating the composition of the root exudates, plants can modify soil properties to adapt and ensure their survival under adverse conditions. They use several strategies such as (1) changing soil pH to solubilize nutrients into assimilable forms, (2) chelating toxic compounds, (3) attracting beneficial microbiota, or (4) releasing toxic substances for pathogens, etc. In this work, the composition of root exudates as well as the different mechanisms of root exudation have been reviewed. Existing methodologies to collect root exudates, indicating their advantages and disadvantages, are also described. Factors affecting root exudation have been exposed, including physical, chemical, and biological agents which can produce qualitative and quantitative changes in exudate composition. Finally, since root exudates play an important role in the recruitment of mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), the mechanisms of interaction between plants and the beneficial microbiota have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Carlos de Ollas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Rosa María Pérez-Clemente
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
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Shang H, Guo H, Ma C, Li C, Chefetz B, Polubesova T, Xing B. Maize (Zea mays L.) root exudates modify the surface chemistry of CuO nanoparticles: Altered aggregation, dissolution and toxicity. Sci Total Environ 2019; 690:502-510. [PMID: 31301491 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), as an antimicrobial nanomaterial, have found many applications in agriculture. Ubiquitous and complex root exudates (RE) in the plant root zone motivates the determination of how specific components of RE interact with CuO NPs. This work aims to reveal the role of maize (Zea mays L.)-derived RE and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuO NPs in the rhizosphere. We observed that RE significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuO NPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. In the presence of RE, the CCC of CuO NPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl2 shifted from 4 to 20 mM. Furthermore, this inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (>10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. We also discovered that RE significantly promoted the dissolution of CuO NPs and lower MW fraction (<3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Additionally, phytotoxicity of CuO NPs in the presence of RE and different fractions of RE was evaluated. The addition of 20 mg/L RE reduced the seedlings growth rate to 1.89% after 7 days exposure to 25 mg/L CuO NPs, which were significantly lower than the control group (4.82%). Notably, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by 20 mg/L RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuO NPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuO NPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Shang
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Chunyang Li
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Benny Chefetz
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tamara Polubesova
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Jin Y, Zhu H, Luo S, Yang W, Zhang L, Li S, Jin Q, Cao Q, Sun S, Xiao M. Role of Maize Root Exudates in Promotion of Colonization of Bacillus velezensis Strain S3-1 in Rhizosphere Soil and Root Tissue. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:855-862. [PMID: 31073734 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis strain S3-1 has a broad range of hosts and is used as a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer. However, the interaction of maize root exudates and colonization of the strain S3-1 has not yet been investigated. In our study, strain S3-1 effectively colonized both rhizosphere soil and root tissue. Collected maize root exudates significantly induced the chemotaxis, cluster movement, and biofilm formation of strain S3-1, showing increases of 1.43, 1.6, and 2.08 times, respectively, compared with the control. In addition, the components of root exudates (organic acids: citric acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid; amino acids: glycine, proline and phenylalanine; sugars: glucose, fructose, and sucrose) were tested. Each of these compounds could induce chemotactic response, swarming motility, and biofilm formation significantly. The strongest chemotactic response and swarming motility were found when malic acid was applied, but maximal ability of biofilm formation was stimulated by proline. Furthermore, we found that these compounds of root exudates stimulated the population of S3-1 adhering to the maize root surface, especially in the presence of malic acid. These results indicate that maize root exudates play an important role in the colonization of S3-1, and provide a deeper understanding of the interaction between plants and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangfei Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Shurong Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Simón Solá MZ, Lovaisa N, Dávila Costa JS, Benimeli CS, Polti MA, Alvarez A. Multi-resistant plant growth-promoting actinobacteria and plant root exudates influence Cr(VI) and lindane dissipation. Chemosphere 2019; 222:679-687. [PMID: 30735968 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were (1) to isolate new multi-resistant actinobacteria from soil, rhizosphere and plant samples collected from an ancient illegal pesticide storage and (2) to elucidate the effects of these microorganisms developed with maize root exudates on lindane and Cr(VI) removal. Fifty-seven phenotypically different actinobacteria were isolated and four of them, belonging to the genus Streptomyces exhibit tolerance to a mixture of lindane and Cr(VI). Two rhizospheric strains named as Streptomyces sp. Z38 and Streptomyces sp. Z2 were selected to be grown with root exudates because they showed the highest Cr(VI) and lindane removal in co-contaminated medium. When root exudates were the only carbon source, metal dissipation increased significantly either as single or mixed contaminant, compared to metal dissipation with glucose. No significant differences were found on lindane removal with root exudates or glucose, so a higher lindane concentration was evaluated. Despite of this, lindane removal remained stable while metal dissipation was notoriously lower when lindane concentration was enhanced. In addition to a good performance growing with mixed contaminants, Streptomyces strains showed plant growth promoting traits that could improve plant establishment. The results presented in this study show the importance of the screening programs addressed to find new actinobacteria able to grow in co-contaminated systems. It was also evidenced that root exudates of maize improve the growth of Streptomyces strains when they were used as carbon source, being the dissipation of Cr(VI) considerably improved in presence of lower lindane concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Zoleica Simón Solá
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Nadia Lovaisa
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Avenida Kirchner 1900, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Jose Sebastian Dávila Costa
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Claudia Susana Benimeli
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Avenida Belgrano 300, 4700, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Marta Alejandra Polti
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Analia Alvarez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Legault S, Houle D, Plouffe A, Ameztegui A, Kuehn D, Chase L, Blondlot A, Perkins TD. Perceptions of U.S. and Canadian maple syrup producers toward climate change, its impacts, and potential adaptation measures. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215511. [PMID: 31022212 PMCID: PMC6483340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of maple syrup is an important cultural and economic activity directly related to the climate of northeastern North America. As a result, there are signs that climate change could have negative impacts on maple syrup production in the next decades, particularly for regions located at the southern margins of the sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) range. The purpose of this survey study is to present the beliefs and opinions of maple syrup producers of Canada (N = 241) and the U.S. (N = 113) on climate change in general, its impacts on sugar maple health and maple syrup production, and potential adaptation measures. Using conditional inference classification trees, we examined how the socio-economic profile of respondents and the geographic location and size of respondents' sugar bushes shaped the responses of survey participants. While a majority (75%) of respondents are confident that the average temperature on Earth is increasing, less than half (46%) believe that climate change will have negative impacts on maple syrup yield in the next 30 years. Political view was a significant predictor of these results, with respondents at the right right and center-right of the political spectrum being less likely to believe in climate change and less likely to anticipate negative effects of climate change on maple syrup production. In addition, 77% of the participants indicated an interest in adopting adaptation strategies if those could increase maple syrup production. This interest was greater for respondents using vacuum tubing for sap collection than other collection methods. However, for many respondents (particularly in Canada), lack of information was identified as a constraint limiting adaptation to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Legault
- Ouranos, Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Houle
- Ouranos, Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Direction de la recherche forestière (DRF), Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs (MFFP), Québec, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Antoine Plouffe
- Ouranos, Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Aitor Ameztegui
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering (EAGROF), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Forest Sciences Center of Catalonia (CTFC), Solsona, Spain
| | - Diane Kuehn
- State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Lisa Chase
- Vermont Tourism Research Center, University of Vermont Extension, Brattleboro, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Anne Blondlot
- Ouranos, Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Timothy D. Perkins
- Proctor Maple Research Center, Department of Plant Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
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27
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Tsai AYL, Higaki T, Nguyen CN, Perfus-Barbeoch L, Favery B, Sawa S. Regulation of Root-Knot Nematode Behavior by Seed-Coat Mucilage-Derived Attractants. Mol Plant 2019; 12:99-112. [PMID: 30503864 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Seed exudates influence the behavior of soil organisms, but how this occurs remains unclear, particularly for multicellular animals. Here we show that compounds associated with Arabidopsis seed-coat mucilage regulate the behavior of soil-borne animals, specifically root-knot nematodes (RKNs). Infective RKN J2 larvae actively travel toward Arabidopsis seeds through chemotaxis. Analysis of Arabidopsis mucilage mutants demonstrated that the attraction of RKNs to Arabidopsis seeds requires the synthesis and extrusion of seed-coat mucilage. Extracted mucilage alone is not sufficient to attract RKNs, but seed-surface carbohydrates and proteins are required for this process. These findings suggest that the RKN chemoattractant is synthesized de novo upon mucilage extrusion but may be highly unstable. RKNs attracted by this mucilage-dependent mechanism can infect the emerging seedling. However, the attraction signal from seedling roots likely acts independently of the seed-coat signal and may mask the attraction to seed-coat mucilage after germination. Multiple RKN species are attracted by Arabidopsis seeds, suggesting that this mechanism is conserved in RKNs. These findings indicate that seed exudate can regulate the behavior of multicellular animals and highlight the potential roles of seed-coat mucilage in biotic interactions with soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Yi-Lun Tsai
- Graduate School of Science & Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takumi Higaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Chinh-Nghia Nguyen
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Laetitia Perfus-Barbeoch
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- INRA, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science & Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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28
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Abstract
The common name witchweed synonymous with the Latin name Striga befits the bewitching effects, viz wilting and chlorosis, the parasite inflicts on its hosts long before it emerges and becomes visible above the ground. However, interactions in the rhizosphere between host roots and Striga seedlings are concealed and inscrutable. In vitro experiments revealed that abscisic acid was produced by S. hermonthica seedlings and a considerable portion of the phytohormone was exuded. The phytohormone in the rhizosphere could, at least in part, contribute to the bewitching effects, disrupt host immunity and promote commencement of parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hijiri Fujioka
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Samejima
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaharu Mizutani
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masanori Okamoto
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- CONTACT Yukihiro Sugimoto Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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29
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Padil VVT, Wacławek S, Černík M, Varma RS. Tree gum-based renewable materials: Sustainable applications in nanotechnology, biomedical and environmental fields. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1984-2016. [PMID: 30165173 PMCID: PMC6209323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prospective uses of tree gum polysaccharides and their nanostructures in various aspects of food, water, energy, biotechnology, environment and medicine industries, have garnered a great deal of attention recently. In addition to extensive applications of tree gums in food, there are substantial non-food applications of these commercial gums, which have gained widespread attention due to their availability, structural diversity and remarkable properties as 'green' bio-based renewable materials. Tree gums are obtainable as natural polysaccharides from various tree genera possessing exceptional properties, including their renewable, biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic nature and their ability to undergo easy chemical modifications. This review focuses on non-food applications of several important commercially available gums (arabic, karaya, tragacanth, ghatti and kondagogu) for the greener synthesis and stabilization of metal/metal oxide NPs, production of electrospun fibers, environmental bioremediation, bio-catalysis, biosensors, coordination complexes of metal-hydrogels, and for antimicrobial and biomedical applications. Furthermore, polysaccharides acquired from botanical, seaweed, animal, and microbial origins are briefly compared with the characteristics of tree gum exudates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod V T Padil
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, Liberec 1 461 17, Czech Republic.
| | - Stanisław Wacławek
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, Liberec 1 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, Liberec 1 461 17, Czech Republic.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Water Resource Recovery Branch, Water Systems Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, MS 483, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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30
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Chen G, Klinkhamer PGL, Escobar-Bravo R, Leiss KA. Type VI glandular trichome density and their derived volatiles are differently induced by jasmonic acid in developing and fully developed tomato leaves: Implications for thrips resistance. Plant Sci 2018; 276:87-98. [PMID: 30348331 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Variation in the induction of plant defenses along the plant canopy can determine distribution and colonization of arthropod herbivores within the plant. In tomato, type VI glandular trichomes, which are epidermal defensive structures, and their derived volatiles are induced by the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA). How JA-mediated induction of these trichome-associated chemical defenses depends on the leaf developmental stage and correlates with resistance against herbivory is unknown. We showed that application of JA reduced thrips-associated damage, however the amplitude of this response was reduced in the fully developed leaves compared to those still developing. Although JA increased type-VI trichome densities in all leaf developmental stages, as well as JA-inducible defensive proteins, these increases were stronger in developing leaves. Remarkably, the concentration of trichome-derived volatiles was induced by JA to a larger degree in developing leaves than in fully developed leaves. In fully developed leaves, the increase in trichome-derived volatiles was explained by an enhanced production per trichome, while in developing leaves this was mainly caused by increases in type-VI trichome densities. Together, we showed that JA-mediated induction of trichome density and chemistry depends on leaf development stage, and it might explain the degree of thrips-associated leaf damage in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter G L Klinkhamer
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rocío Escobar-Bravo
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A Leiss
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Zhao JY, Ye ZH, Zhong H. Rice root exudates affect microbial methylmercury production in paddy soils. Environ Pollut 2018; 242:1921-1929. [PMID: 30072222 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial methylmercury (MeHg) production in contaminated soil-rice systems and its accumulation in rice pose health risks to consumers, especially those in Asia. However, the mechanism responsible for microbial MeHg production in paddy soils is far from clear. While previous studies examined the effect of soil and microbial factors on soil MeHg levels, in this work we explored the impact of rice cultivation itself on microbial MeHg production, focusing on the root exudate organic matter as a potential source of electron donors for microbial methylators. Effects of the cultivation of two rice cultivars, Heigu246 (H-rice) and Neiwuyou8015 (N-rice), on MeHg production in soils were therefore investigated in pot and batch incubation experiments. Soil MeHg levels measured in H-rice treatment during the heading and harvest stages were 18-49% higher than in the control and 23-108% higher than in N-rice treatment. Consequently, MeHg levels in grain, straw, and root were 38%, 81%, and 40% higher in H-rice than those in N-rice, which was mainly attributed to cultivar-specific MeHg production in soils. Results of the batch experiments suggested that root exudate organic matter could be responsible for MeHg production in soils during rice cultivation, by increasing the abundances of potential microbial methylators. For instance, root exudate organic matter increased copy numbers of Hg methylation genes (hgcA) in soils 4.1-fold. Furthermore, the 211% higher concentration of acetate (a key electron donor for microbial methylators) in the root exudate of H-rice could account for the higher MeHg production under H-rice than N-rice cultivation. Our results suggest that root exudate organic matter, especially acetate, as its key component, contributes to the elevated soil MeHg concentrations during rice cultivation. The proposed mechanism provides new insights into the elevated risk of MeHg production in contaminated soil-rice systems, as well as cultivar-specific MeHg bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Bio-control and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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32
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Tang GY, Zhao CN, Liu Q, Feng XL, Xu XY, Cao SY, Meng X, Li S, Gan RY, Li HB. Potential of Grape Wastes as a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2018; 23:E2598. [PMID: 30314259 PMCID: PMC6222388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapes are widely used in the wine and juice industries, which can lead to massive amounts of waste, mostly grape peels and seeds. The antioxidant capacities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenolic profiles of peels and seeds from 30 grape varieties were systemically assessed. The antioxidant activities of fat-soluble, water-soluble and insoluble-bound fractions of grape peels and seeds were evaluated using ferric-reducing antioxidant power and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assays, and their total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and AlCl₃ colorimetry, respectively. It was found that the antioxidant capacities were diverse among different grape peels and seeds. Moreover, several phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, including gallic acid, cyanidin-3-glucoside, epicatechin, catechin gallate, ferulaic acid, rutin and resveratrol, which could contribute to the antioxidant capacities of these grape peels and seeds. Several grape wastes with strong antioxidant activity could be abundant sources of natural bioactive compounds, and have the potential for development into functional foods, food additives and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | | | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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33
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Herz K, Dietz S, Gorzolka K, Haider S, Jandt U, Scheel D, Bruelheide H. Linking root exudates to functional plant traits. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204128. [PMID: 30281675 PMCID: PMC6169879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary and secondary metabolites exuded by plant roots have mainly been studied under laboratory conditions, while knowledge of root exudate patterns of plants growing in natural communities is very limited. Focusing on ten common European grassland plant species, we asked to which degree exuded metabolite compositions are specific to species or growth forms (forbs and grasses), depend on environments and local neighbourhoods, and reflect traditional plant functional traits. Root exudates were collected under field conditions and analysed using a non-targeted gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach. In total, we annotated 153 compounds of which 36 were identified by structure and name as metabolites mainly derived from the primary metabolism. Here we show by using variance partitioning, that the composition of exuded polar metabolites was mostly explained by plot identity, followed by plant species identity while plant species composition of the local neighbourhood played no role. Total and root dry biomass explained the largest proportion of variance in exudate composition, with additional variance explained by traditional plant traits. Although the exudate composition was quite similar between the two growth forms, we found some metabolites that occurred only in one of the two growth forms. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of measuring polar exudates under non-sterile field conditions by mass spectrometry, which opens new avenues of research for functional plant ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Herz
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Dietz
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karin Gorzolka
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sylvia Haider
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Jandt
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology / Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Feng H, Zhang N, Du W, Zhang H, Liu Y, Fu R, Shao J, Zhang G, Shen Q, Zhang R. Identification of Chemotaxis Compounds in Root Exudates and Their Sensing Chemoreceptors in Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2018; 31:995-1005. [PMID: 29714096 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-18-0003-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemotaxis-mediated response to root exudates, initiated by sensing-specific ligands through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCP), is very important for root colonization and beneficial functions of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Systematic identification of chemoattractants in complex root exudates and their sensing chemoreceptors in PGPR is helpful for enhancing their recruitment and colonization. In this study, 39 chemoattractants and 5 chemorepellents, including amino acids, organic acids, and sugars, were identified from 98 tested components of root exudates for the well-studied PGPR strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9. Interestingly, mutant stain SQR9Δ8mcp, with all eight putative chemoreceptors completely deleted, lost the chemotactic responses to those 44 compounds. Gene complementation, chemotaxis assay, and isothermal titration calorimetry analysis revealed that McpA was mainly responsible for sensing organic acids and amino acids, while McpC was mostly for amino acids. These two chemoreceptors may play important roles in the rhizosphere chemotaxis of SQR9. In contrast, the B. amyloliquefaciens-unique chemoreceptor McpR was specifically responsible for arginine, and residues Tyr-78, Thr-131, and Asp-162 were critical for arginine binding. This study not only deepened our insights into PGPR-root interaction but also provided useful information to enhance the rhizosphere chemotaxis mobility and colonization of PGPR, which will promote their application in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Feng
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
- 2 Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China; and
| | - Nan Zhang
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Du
- 3 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- 2 Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China; and
| | - Ruixin Fu
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Shao
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Guishan Zhang
- 2 Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China; and
| | - Qirong Shen
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- 1 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
- 2 Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China; and
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Lin Y, Wang L, Li R, Hu S, Wang Y, Xue Y, Yu H, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. How do root exudates of bok choy promote dibutyl phthalate adsorption on mollisol? Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 161:129-136. [PMID: 29879573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the interaction between the bok choy root exudates and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) onto mollisol during the adsorption. The result elucidated that the adsorption reached equilibrium within 12 h, the adsorption capacity of rhizosphere mollisol containing root exudates and ordinary mollisol were 243.46 mg kg-1 and 281.95 mg kg-1, separately. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm model followed the pseudo-second order and the Frendlish model, respectively, which hinted that the adsorption process was multi-layer heterogeneous chemisorption. We characterized the root exudates and analyzed its effects on soil physical and chemical properties and structure. The result revealed that the root exudates contained hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds and acids. Root exudates made the dissolved organic matter (DOM) dissolution from soil and the increase of organic matter, which might be one of the reasons that root exudates promote DBP adsorption on mollisol. We selected three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM), synchronous fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze the interactions between root exudates and DBP, DOM and DBP, respectively. Fluorescence spectrum revealed that the main component of root exudates was protein, for DOM was humic acid, the fluorescence of root exudates and DOM gradually disappeared with the increase of DBP concentration. FTIR revealed that -COO in root exudates and -CH2 in DOM respectively reacted with DBP. The results of this study are of great importance to reveal that the root exudates are significant in the environmental behavior of DBP adsorption on mollisol, and also provide more useful information for phytoremediation of organic pollutants in the mollisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Lin
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Songbo Hu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yuewen Xue
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yaqi Jiao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Harbin Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Yuan J, Zhao J, Wen T, Zhao M, Li R, Goossens P, Huang Q, Bai Y, Vivanco JM, Kowalchuk GA, Berendsen RL, Shen Q. Root exudates drive the soil-borne legacy of aboveground pathogen infection. Microbiome 2018; 6:156. [PMID: 30208962 PMCID: PMC6136170 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are capable of building up beneficial rhizosphere communities as is evidenced by disease-suppressive soils. However, it is not known how and why soil bacterial communities are impacted by plant exposure to foliar pathogens and if such responses might improve plant performance in the presence of the pathogen. Here, we conditioned soil by growing multiple generations (five) of Arabidopsis thaliana inoculated aboveground with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) in the same soil. We then examined rhizosphere communities and plant performance in a subsequent generation (sixth) grown in pathogen-conditioned versus control-conditioned soil. Moreover, we assessed the role of altered root exudation profiles in shaping the root microbiome of infected plants. RESULTS Plants grown in conditioned soil showed increased levels of jasmonic acid and improved disease resistance. Illumina Miseq 16S rRNA gene tag sequencing revealed that both rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial communities were altered by Pst infection. Infected plants exhibited significantly higher exudation of amino acids, nucleotides, and long-chain organic acids (LCOAs) (C > 6) and lower exudation levels for sugars, alcohols, and short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) (C ≤ 6). Interestingly, addition of exogenous amino acids and LCOA also elicited a disease-suppressive response. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data suggest that plants can recruit beneficial rhizosphere communities via modification of plant exudation patterns in response to exposure to aboveground pathogens to the benefit of subsequent plant generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yuan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210021, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengli Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rong Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pim Goossens
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Qiwei Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jorge M Vivanco
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture and Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - George A Kowalchuk
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roeland L Berendsen
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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37
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Li T, Wang H, Xia X, Cao S, Yao J, Zhang L. Inhibitory effects of components from root exudates of Welsh onion against root knot nematodes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201471. [PMID: 30059521 PMCID: PMC6066241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate endoparasites that infect many crops and cause severe yield losses. In this research, we studied the effect of Welsh onion, grown as a companion plant, on the resistance of cucumber plants to RKN infection and analyzed the most abundant components of Welsh onion root exudates. The results showed that, when grown with Welsh onion as a companion plant, cucumber roots had 77.0% fewer root knots and egg masses than the control cucumber roots. Welsh onion root exudates were collected and extracted with chloroform, ethyl ether, n-butanol and ethyl acetate. High concentrations of the extracts from the Welsh onion root exudates decreased the hatchability of RKN eggs. In particular, the inhibitory effect of the n-butanol extract was significant and the hatchability of RKN eggs did not exceed 10%. Gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis revealed that the most abundant component in the n-butanol extract was 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol. Treatment with 1.2 mM 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol decreased egg hatchability to 40%, whereas treatment with 9.6 mM or a higher concentration of 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol decreased egg hatchability to less than 10%. In addition, 1.2 mM or a higher concentration of 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol decreased the activity of the second-stage juvenile (J2). Higher 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol concentrations (9.8 and 19.2 mM) were lethal to RKNs to some extent, with death rates greater than 50% at 48 h of treatment. The present results suggest that cultivation with Welsh onion as a companion plant may represent an alternative to the application of synthetic nematicides, with fewer side effects. We confirmed that 4-hydroxy-benzeneethanol is a natural effective nematicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiubo Xia
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Cao
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Yao
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Yantai Agricultural Science Academy of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
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Mastronardi E, Monreal C, DeRosa MC. Personalized Medicine for Crops? Opportunities for the Application of Molecular Recognition in Agriculture. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:6457-6461. [PMID: 28985063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This perspective examines the detection of rhizosphere biomarkers, namely, root exudates and microbial metabolites, using molecular recognition elements, such as molecularly imprinted polymers, antibodies, and aptamers. Tracking these compounds in the rhizosphere could provide valuable insight into the status of the crop and soil in a highly localized way. The outlook and potential impact of the combination of molecular recognition and other innovations, such as nanotechnology and precision agriculture, and the comparison to advances in personalized medicine are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mastronardi
- Department of Chemistry , Carleton University , 1125 Colonel By Drive , Ottawa , Ontario K1S 5B6 , Canada
| | - Carlos Monreal
- Agriculture and Agrifood Canada , 960 Carling Avenue , Neatby Building, Ottawa , Ontario K1Y 4X2 , Canada
| | - Maria C DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry , Carleton University , 1125 Colonel By Drive , Ottawa , Ontario K1S 5B6 , Canada
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Ma L, Zheng SC, Zhang TK, Liu ZY, Wang XJ, Zhou XK, Yang CG, Duo JL, Mo MH. Effect of nicotine from tobacco root exudates on chemotaxis, growth, biocontrol efficiency, and colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NXHG29. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:1237-1257. [PMID: 29397489 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence suggests that root exudates have a major role in mediating plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Here, we characterized tobacco root exudates (TREs) by GC-MS and nicotine, scopoletin, and octadecane were identified as three main components of TREs. Qualitative and quantitative chemotaxis assays revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa NXHG29 with antagonistic activity displayed positive chemotactic responses towards TREs and their three main components (nicotine, scopoletin, octadecane) and its enhanced chemotaxis were induced by these substances in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, following GC-MS and chemotaxis analysis, nicotine was selected as the target for evaluation of the effect on NXHG29 regarding antagonism, growth, root colonization and biocontrol efficiency. Results of in vitro studies showed that nicotine as a sole carbon source could enhance growth of NXHG29 and significantly increased the antagonism of NXHG29. We also demonstrated that nicotine exerted enhancing effects on the colonization ability of NXHG29 on tobacco roots by combining CLSM observations with investigation of population level dynamics by selective dilution plating method. Results from greenhouse experiments suggested nicotine exhibited stimulatory effects on the biocontrol efficiency of NXHG29 against bacterial wilt and black shank on tobacco. The stimulatory effect of nicotine was affected by the concentration and timing of nicotine application and further supported by the results of population level of NXHG29 on tobacco roots. This is the first report on the enhancement effect of nicotine from TREs on an antagonistic bacterium for its root colonization, control of soil-borne pathogens, regarding the chemotaxis and in vitro antagonism and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ti Kun Zhang
- Pu'er Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Pu'er, 665000, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation, Kunming, 650202, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi Yi Liu
- Pu'er Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Pu'er, 665000, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation, Kunming, 650202, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jian Wang
- Pu'er Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Pu'er, 665000, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation, Kunming, 650202, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Kui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Ling Duo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming He Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihubei road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease & Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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Rial C, Gómez E, Varela RM, Molinillo JMG, Macías FA. Ecological Relevance of the Major Allelochemicals in Lycopersicon esculentum Roots and Exudates. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:4638-4644. [PMID: 29673247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stigmasterol, bergapten, and α-tomatine were isolated from tomato roots. The preliminary phytotoxic activities of stigmasterol and α-tomatine were evaluated in a wheat-coleoptile bioassay, and α-tomatine was more active than stigmasterol. To confirm its phytotoxic activity, α-tomatine was tested on Lactuca sativa and two weeds ( Lolium perenne and Echinochloa crus-galli), and it was active in all cases. The stimulatory activities of α-tomatine and stigmasterol on parasitic-plant germination were also evaluated, and α-tomatine was found to be active on Phelipanche ramosa, a parasitic plant of tomato. α-Tomatine was identified in root exudates by LC-MS/MS. This confirms that α-tomatine is exuded by roots into the environment, where it could act as both an allelochemical and a stimulator of P. ramosa, a parasitic plant of tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science , University of Cadiz , Calle República Saharaui no. 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cadiz , Spain
| | - Elisabeth Gómez
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science , University of Cadiz , Calle República Saharaui no. 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cadiz , Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science , University of Cadiz , Calle República Saharaui no. 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cadiz , Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science , University of Cadiz , Calle República Saharaui no. 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cadiz , Spain
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science , University of Cadiz , Calle República Saharaui no. 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cadiz , Spain
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Fu H, Yu H, Li T, Zhang X. Influence of cadmium stress on root exudates of high cadmium accumulating rice line (Oryza sativa L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 150:168-175. [PMID: 29276952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A hydroponic experiment with two different cadmium (Cd) accumulating rice lines of Lu527-8 (the high Cd accumulating rice line) and Lu527-4 (the normal rice line) was carried out to explore the links among Cd stress, root exudates and Cd accumulation. The results showed that (1) Cd stress increased quantities of organic acids, but had no effect on composition in root exudates of the two rice lines. In Cd treatments, the contents of every detected organic acid in root exudates of Lu527-8 were 1.76-2.43 times higher than those of Lu527-4. Significant positive correlations between organic acids contents and Cd contents in plants were observed in both rice lines, except that malic acid was only highly relevant to Lu527-8, but not to Lu527-4. (2) Both composition and quantities of amino acids in root exudates changed a lot under Cd stress and this change differed in two rice lines. In control, four amino acids (glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine and histidine) were detected in two rice lines. Under Cd stress, eight amino acids in Lu527-8 and seven amino acids in Lu527-4 could be detected, among which phenylalanine was only secreted by Lu527-8 and alanine, methionine and lysine were secreted by both rice lines. The contents of those four newly secreted amino acids from Lu527-8 increased significantly with the increase of Cd dose and each had a high-positive correlation with Cd contents, but the same change did not appear in Lu527-4. The difference between two rice lines in secretion of organic acids and amino acids may be related to their different Cd uptake properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Fu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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Tsuno Y, Fujimatsu T, Endo K, Sugiyama A, Yazaki K. Soyasaponins: A New Class of Root Exudates in Soybean (Glycine max). Plant Cell Physiol 2018; 59:366-375. [PMID: 29216402 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Root exudates are plant metabolites secreted from the roots into the soil. These exudates are involved in many important biological processes, including acquisition of nutrients, defense and signaling to rhizosphere bacteria, such as isoflavones of soybean crucial for the symbiosis with rhizobium. Less is known, however, about other types of root exudates. This study shows that soybean roots secrete large amounts of soyasaponins (triterpenoid glycosides) as root exudates. The soyasaponins are classified into four groups, with group A being the most secreted of these compounds, whereas DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) soyasaponins is the group showing greatest accumulation in root tissues, suggesting a selection system for secreted compounds. Time-course experiments showed that the soyasaponin secretion peaked during early vegetative stages. In particular, soyasaponin Ah was the major compound secreted by soybean roots, whereas the deacetylated derivative Af was the major compound secreted specifically during the VE stage. The secretion of soyasaponins containing glycosyl moieties is an apparent loss of photosynthates. This phenomenon has been also observed in other legume species, although the composition of secreted soyasaponins is plant species dependent. The identification of triterpenoid saponins as major metabolites in legume root exudates will provide novel insights into chemical signaling in the rhizosphere between plants and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Tsuno
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Tochigi, 321-3497 Japan
| | - Teruhisa Fujimatsu
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Tochigi, 321-3497 Japan
| | - Keiji Endo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Tochigi, 321-3497 Japan
| | - Akifumi Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011 Japan
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Fu QL, Blaney L, Zhou DM. Identifying Plant Stress Responses to Roxarsone in Soybean Root Exudates: New Insights from Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:53-62. [PMID: 29240415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Roxarsone (ROX) is an organoarsenic feed additive of increasing interest used in the poultry industry. Soybean responses to ROX stress were investigated in root exudates (REs) using two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) with fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectra. Environmentally relevant ROX concentrations caused negligible toxicity to crop growth and photosynthesis activity but blackened soybean roots at high concentrations. 2D-COS analysis revealed that the protein-like fluorophore and C═C and C═O, aliphatic OH, and polysaccharide C-O-H moieties in soybean REs were most sensitive to ROX stress. Heterospectral 2D-COS results suggested that aromatic, amide I, quinone, ketone, and aliphatic functional groups were the foundational components of protein-like and short-wavelength excited humic-like fluorophores in soybean REs. Carboxyl and phenolic moieties were related to the long-wavelength excited humic-like fluorophore. Overall, 2D-COS combined with molecular-based spectral analysis of REs provided an innovative approach to characterize the physiological responses of crops to contaminants at sublethal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Long Fu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lee Blaney
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Dong-Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, People's Republic of China
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Wu H, Wang X, He X, Zhang S, Liang R, Shen J. Effects of root exudates on denitrifier gene abundance, community structure and activity in a micro-polluted constructed wetland. Sci Total Environ 2017; 598:697-703. [PMID: 28456121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In micro-polluted constructed wetland (CW), the low pollutant concentrations and the low COD/N ratios (chemical oxygen demand: total nitrogen in influent), make the biological treatment more difficult. It is expected that root exudates drive microbial-based transformations within plant rhizosphere. In this research, the roles of root exudates of three aquatic plants (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia and Cyperus alternifolius) in improving the growth of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria were determined in a micro-polluted CW. In studied root rhizospheres, the total organic carbon (TOC) released from the plant roots varied significantly among plant species and seasons; the average TOC ranged from 0.1715 to 0.9221mgg-1rootDMd-1, which could fuel a denitrification rate of approximately 156-841kgNO3--Nha-1year-1 if all were used by the denitrifying bacteria; the abundances of nirK- and nirS-encoding bacteria were significantly influenced by the concentration of sucrose and glucose (0.869≤r≤0.933, p<0.05), and microbial community richness and diversity had response to root exudates. The results revealed that root exudates can act as endogenous carbon sources for heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria and ultimately determine the microbe distribution patterns in micro-polluted CW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinze Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaojuan He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengbo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rubing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
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Azevedo MS, Valentim-Neto PA, Seraglio SKT, da Luz CFP, Arisi ACM, Costa ACO. Proteome comparison for discrimination between honeydew and floral honeys from botanical species Mimosa scabrella Bentham by principal component analysis. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:4515-4519. [PMID: 28337740 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the increasing valuation and appreciation of honeydew honey in many European countries and also to existing contamination among different types of honeys, authentication is an important aspect of quality control with regard to guaranteeing the origin in terms of source (honeydew or floral) and needs to be determined. Furthermore, proteins are minor components of the honey, despite the importance of their physiological effects, and can differ according to the source of the honey. In this context, the aims of this study were to carry out protein extraction from honeydew and floral honeys and to discriminate these honeys from the same botanical species, Mimosa scabrella Bentham, through proteome comparison using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and principal component analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the proteome profile and principal component analysis can be a useful tool for discrimination between these types of honey using matched proteins (45 matched spots). Also, the proteome profile showed 160 protein spots in honeydew honey and 84 spots in the floral honey. CONCLUSION The protein profile can be a differential characteristic of this type of honey, in view of the importance of proteins as bioactive compounds in honey. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônia Stremel Azevedo
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Food Science and Technology, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Coskun D, Britto DT, Shi W, Kronzucker HJ. How Plant Root Exudates Shape the Nitrogen Cycle. Trends Plant Sci 2017; 22:661-673. [PMID: 28601419 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although the global nitrogen (N) cycle is largely driven by soil microbes, plant root exudates can profoundly modify soil microbial communities and influence their N transformations. A detailed understanding is now beginning to emerge regarding the control that root exudates exert over two major soil N processes - nitrification and N2 fixation. We discuss recent breakthroughs in this area, including the identification of root exudates as nitrification inhibitors and as signaling compounds facilitating N-acquisition symbioses. We indicate gaps in current knowledge, including questions of how root exudates affect newly discovered microbial players and N-cycle components. A better understanding of these processes is urgent given the widespread inefficiencies in agricultural N use and their links to N pollution and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Department of Biological Sciences and Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, Toronto M1C 1A4, ON, Canada; Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, QC, Canada
| | - Dev T Britto
- Department of Biological Sciences and Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, Toronto M1C 1A4, ON, Canada
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Department of Biological Sciences and Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, Toronto M1C 1A4, ON, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Zubair HM, Pratley JE, Sandral GA, Humphries A. Allelopathic interference of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes to annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). J Plant Res 2017; 130:647-658. [PMID: 28332056 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes at varying densities were investigated for allelopathic impact using annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) as the target species in a laboratory bioassay. Three densities (15, 30, and 50 seedlings/beaker) and 40 alfalfa genotypes were evaluated by the equal compartment agar method (ECAM). Alfalfa genotypes displayed a range of allelopathic interference in ryegrass seedlings, reducing root length from 5 to 65%. The growth of ryegrass decreased in response to increasing density of alfalfa seedlings. At the lowest density, Q75 and Titan9 were the least allelopathic genotypes. An overall inhibition index was calculated to rank each alfalfa genotype. Reduction in seed germination of annual ryegrass occurred in the presence of several alfalfa genotypes including Force 10, Haymaster7 and SARDI Five. A comprehensive metabolomic analysis using Quadruple Time of Flight (Q-TOF), was conducted to compare six alfalfa genotypes. Variation in chemical compounds was found between alfalfa root extracts and exudates and also between genotypes. Further individual compound assessments and quantitative study at greater chemical concentrations are needed to clarify the allelopathic activity. Considerable genetic variation exists among alfalfa genotypes for allelopathic activity creating the opportunity for its use in weed suppression through selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Muhammad Zubair
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Building No 286, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.
| | - James E Pratley
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Building No 286, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - G A Sandral
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (an alliance between Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - A Humphries
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
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Fu JW, Liu X, Han YH, Mei H, Cao Y, de Oliveira LM, Liu Y, Rathinasabapathi B, Chen Y, Ma LQ. Arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata efficiently solubilized phosphate rock to sustain plant growth and As uptake. J Hazard Mater 2017; 330:68-75. [PMID: 28212511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important nutrients for phytoremediation of arsenic (As)-contaminated soils. In this study, we demonstrated that As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata was efficient in acquiring P from insoluble phosphate rock (PR). When supplemented with PR as the sole P source in hydroponic systems, P. vittata accumulated 49% and 28% higher P in the roots and fronds than the -P treatment. In contrast, non-hyperaccumulator Pteris ensiformis was unable to solubilize P from PR. To gain insights into PR solubilization by plants, organic acids in plant root exudates were analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that phytic acid was the predominant (>90%) organic acid in P. vittata root exudates whereas only oxalic acid was detected in P. ensiformis. Moreover, P. vittata secreted more phytic acid in -P and PR treatments. Compared to oxalic acid, phytic acid was more effective in solubilizing PR, suggesting that phytic acid was critical for PR utilization. Besides, secretion of phytic acid by P. vittata was not inhibited by arsenate. Our data indicated that phytic acid played an important role in efficient use of insoluble PR by P. vittata, shedding light on using insoluble PR to enhance phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei Fu
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yong-He Han
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hanyi Mei
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, South West Forestry University, Yunnan 650224, China
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Letuzia M de Oliveira
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Yungen Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, South West Forestry University, Yunnan 650224, China
| | - Bala Rathinasabapathi
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Yanshan Chen
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Charnikhova TV, Gaus K, Lumbroso A, Sanders M, Vincken JP, De Mesmaeker A, Ruyter-Spira CP, Screpanti C, Bouwmeester HJ. Zealactones. Novel natural strigolactones from maize. Phytochemistry 2017; 137:123-131. [PMID: 28215609 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In the root exudate and root extracts of maize hybrid cv NK Falkone seven putative strigolactones were detected using UPLC-TQ-MS-MS. All seven compounds displayed MS-MS-fragmentation common for strigolactones and particularly the presence of a fragment of m/z 97 Da, which may indicate the presence of the so-called D-ring, suggests they are strigolactones. The levels of all these putative strigolactones increased upon phosphate starvation and decreased upon fluridone (carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor) treatment, both of which are a common response for strigolactones. All seven compounds were subsequently isolated with prep-HPLC-MS. They all exhibited Striga hermonthica seed germination inducing activity just as the synthetic strigolactone analog GR24. The structure of two of the seven compounds was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy as: methyl (2E,3E)-4-(3,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-(((4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methylene)but-3-enoate (two diastereomers 1a and 1b). Strigolactones (1a/b) are closely related to the methyl ester of carlactonoic acid (MeCLA) and heliolactone. However, they contain a unique 4,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one motif as the "A-ring" instead of the classical (di)methylcyclohexene. Because these compounds were isolated from maize (Zea mays) we called them "zealactone 1a and 1b". The implications of this discovery for our view on strigolactones and their biosynthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsiana V Charnikhova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Gaus
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Lumbroso
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Mark Sanders
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain De Mesmaeker
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Carolien P Ruyter-Spira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Screpanti
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Research Chemistry, Schaffhauserstr. 101, 4332 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Tremblay RR, Bourassa S, Nehmé B, Calvo EL. Daylily protein constituents of the pollen and stigma a proteomics approach. J Plant Physiol 2017; 212:1-12. [PMID: 28242413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the identification and quantification of the protein components of the pollen grains in parallel with the distal stigmatic tissue of tetraploid cultivars. Proteomes were analyzed using iTRAQ 4plex labeling, peptides separation by online RP-nano-LC and analysis by ESI-MS/MS. Protein identification and quantification were made using the Asparagales database as a reference. A total of 524,037 MS/MS spectra were produced from pollen and stigma samples. From these, a total of 8368 peptides wereidentified corresponding to 994 unique peptides and 432 protein groups. Among them, 128 differentially expressed proteins were retained for further analysis. In absence of the daylily genome availability, we exploited numerous databases and bioinformatics resources to exploring the putative biological functions of these proteins. The profile of differentially expressed proteins suggests an important representation of functions associated to the signalling and response against endogenous and environmental stresses, including several enzymes implicated in the biosynthesis of antibiotics. The abundance in stigma of several structural proteins of the ribosomal sub-units as well as of the core histones suggest that the translation processes and the regulation of gene expression in stigma is a more active mechanism than in pollen. In addition, pollen prioritizes the synthesis of fructose and glucose as opposed to sucrose in stigma as a source of energy. Finally, the modulated proteins in Hemerocallis point to several pathways that give potential clues concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of the pollen and the stigmatic fluid in daylily reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland R Tremblay
- CHUL Research Center in Reproduction, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec,2705 Boulevard Laurier, Suite T3-67, Quebec City, QC, G1 V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Sylvie Bourassa
- Proteomics Platform Quebec Genomics Center, CRCHUL, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Canada.
| | - Benjamin Nehmé
- Proteomics Platform Quebec Genomics Center, CRCHUL, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Canada.
| | - Ezequiel L Calvo
- Scientific Consultant in Genomics, 701 Leonard, Quebec City, QC, G1X 4C9, Canada.
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