151
|
Jiménez JJ, Sánchez MI, Pardo R, Muñoz BE. Degradation of indomethacin in river water under stress and non-stress laboratory conditions: degradation products, long-term evolution and adsorption to sediment. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 51:13-20. [PMID: 28115123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical compound indomethacin is not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants, whose effluents flow into aquatic environments; concentrations in the 0.1-100ng/L range are commonly found in surface waters, and its fate is unknown. Here, biological, photochemical and thermal degradation assays were conducted under stress and non-stress conditions to estimate its degradation rate in river water and establish its degradation products over time. The results revealed that direct sunlight irradiation promoted the complete degradation of indomethacin (2μg/L) in less than 6hr, but indomethacin was detected over a period of 4months when water was kept under the natural day-night cycle and the exposure to sunlight was partially limited, as occurs inside a body of water. The biological degradation in water was negligible, while the hydrolysis at pH7.8 was slow. Residues were monitored by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction, and six degradation products were found; their structures were proposed based on the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra. 4-Chlorobenzoic and 2-acetamido-5-methoxybenzoic acids were the long-term transformation products, persisting for at least 30weeks in water kept under non-stress conditions. Furthermore, the degradation in the presence of sediment was also monitored over time, with some differences being noted. The adsorption coefficients of indomethacin and degradation products on river sediment were calculated; long-term degradation products did not have significant adsorption to sediment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; I.U. CINQUIMA, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 5, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - María I Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rafael Pardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz E Muñoz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Glavnik V, Vovk I, Albreht A. High performance thin-layer chromatography-mass spectrometry of Japanese knotweed flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins on silica gel plates. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1482:97-108. [PMID: 28034505 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
On-line elution based TLC-MS is now a well-established technique, but the quality of the data obtained can sometimes be hampered by a severe spectral background or by strong ion suppression, especially when silica gel plates are used in combination with an acidic modifier in the developing solvent. We solved this issue simply and efficiently using two pre-developments of the plates, firstly with methanol-formic acid (10:1, v/v) and secondly with acetonitrile-methanol (2:1, v/v). This solution resulted in significant improvement in the sensitivity of HPTLC-MS methods. The applicability of this approach was proven on analysis of flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins in crude extracts of Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica Houtt.) rhizomes. Separations on HPTLC silica gel and HPTLC silica gel MS grade plates using developing solvents toluene-acetone-formic acid (3:3:1, 6:6:1, 3:6:1, v/v) and dichloromethane-acetone-formic acid (1:1:0.1, v/v) were followed by post-chromatographic derivatization with 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) detection reagent. Examination of the stability of the analytes on the start confirmed that the plates should be developed immediately after the application of standards and sample test solutions. In a five hours stability testing after development we discovered an unexpected phenomenon of enhanced absorption at 280nm. However, based on an experiment with post-chromatographic derivatization with DMACA detection reagent, the analytes were proven to be sufficiently stable in the time frame of an HPTLC-MS analysis. This was important for development of the first HPTLC-MS and HPTLC-MSn methods for identification of flavan-3-ols and B-type proanthocyanidins from monomers up to decamers. For the first time, based on this research methodology, trimers, trimer gallates, tetramer gallates, pentamers, pentamer gallates, hexamers, hexamer gallates, heptamers, octamers, nonamers and decamers were tentatively identified in Japanese knotweed rhizomes. Additionally, all developed HPTLC-MS methods have enabled simultaneous identification of stilbenes (resveratrol, piceatannol hexoside, piceid) and anthraquinones (emodin, emodin-O-hexoside, emodin-O-(acetyl)-hexoside and emodin-O-(6'-O-malonyl)-hexoside).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Glavnik
- Department of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Vovk
- Department of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Alen Albreht
- Department of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Tomei MC, Mosca Angelucci D, Daugulis AJ. Sequential anaerobic-aerobic decolourization of a real textile wastewater in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor. Sci Total Environ 2016; 573:585-593. [PMID: 27580470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the application of a solid-liquid two-phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) for the removal of colour from a real textile wastewater containing reactive azo-dyes. Four polymers were tested over the pH range of 4-9 to select the most effective absorbant to be used as the partitioning phase in the TPPB. The best results were obtained with Hytrel 8206 at pH4 achieving ~70% colour removal, based on the dominant wavelength, in the first 5h of contact time, and 84% after 24h. Wastewater treatment was undertaken in a solid-liquid TPPB operated with Hytrel 8206 in sequential anaerobic-aerobic configuration. The reaction time of 23h was equally distributed between the anaerobic and aerobic phases and, to favour colour uptake, the pH was controlled at 4.5 in the first 4h of the anaerobic phase, and then increased to 7.5. Colour removal (for the dominant wavelength, 536nm) increased from 70 to 85% by modifying the bioreactor operation from single-phase to TPPB mode. Based on COD measurements nearly complete biodegradation of the intermediates produced in the anaerobic phase was obtained, both in the single-phase and two-phase mode, with better performance of the TPPB system reaching 75% CODDye removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew J Daugulis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Gajbhiye T, Pandey SK, Kim KH, Szulejko JE, Prasad S. Airborne foliar transfer of PM bound heavy metals in Cassia siamea: A less common route of heavy metal accumulation. Sci Total Environ 2016; 573:123-130. [PMID: 27557456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate possible foliar transfer of toxic heavy metals, concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Fe were measured in samples of: Cassia siamea leaves (a common tree) Cassia siamea foliar dust, nearby road dust, and soil (Cassia siamea tree roots) at six different sites in/around the Bilaspur industrial area and a control site on the university campus. Bilaspur is located in a subtropical central Indian region. The enrichment factor (EF) values of Pb and Cd, when derived using the crustal and measured soil Fe data as reference, indicated significant anthropogenic contributions to Pb and Cd regional pollution. Based on correlation analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, it was evident that Pb and Cd in foliar part of Cassia siamea were largely from airborne sources. The SEM studies of leaf confirmed that leaf morphology (epidermis, trichome, and stomata) of Cassia siamea helped accumulate the toxic metals from deposited particulate matter (PM). There is a line of evidence that the leaf of Cassia siamea was able to entrap PM in respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) range (i.e., both in fine and coarse fractions). The overall results of this study suggest that Cassia siamea can be a potential plant species to control the pollution of PM and PM-bound metals (Pb and Cd) in affected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Triratnesh Gajbhiye
- Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur 495009, CG, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Pandey
- Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur 495009, CG, India.
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Satgur Prasad
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Toxicological Research, Lucknow 226001, India
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Sakamoto S, Kawase Y. Adsorption capacities of poly-γ-glutamic acid and its sodium salt for cesium removal from radioactive wastewaters. J Environ Radioact 2016; 165:151-158. [PMID: 27723527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cesium removal from radioactive wastewaters was examined using water-insoluble poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and water-soluble sodium salt form poly-γ-L-glutamic acid (γ-PGANa) as biosorbents. The maximum adsorption capacities at equilibrium of γ-PGA and γ-PGANa for Cs were 345 mg-Cs(g-γ-PGA)-1 at pH 6.0 and 290 mg-Cs(g-γ-PGANa)-1 at pH 9.0, respectively. At lower pH < pKa, the carboxyl groups of γ-PGA primarily remained in the protonated form and adsorption of Cs only slightly occurred. At higher pH > pKa, the adsorption of Cs was significantly facilitated due to ionization of carboxyl groups to carboxylate ion. Adsorption of Cs at pH > 9.0 was inhibited due to the hydrolysis of Cs. The Langmuir model could successfully describe the isotherm data. For γ-PGA and γ-PGANa, the maximum adsorption capacities at equilibrium in the Langmuir model were 446 and 333 mg-Cs(g-adsorbent)-1, respectively. The high adsorption capacities confirmed a potential utilization of γ-PGA and γ-PGANa for Cs removal. The adsorption of Cs by both γ-PGA and γ-PGANa attained the equilibrium within 0.5 min. The very quick equilibration is a benefit from the viewpoint of practical application. The spectra of FT-IR and XPS before and after adsorption confirmed the adsorption of Cs onto γ-PGA and γ-PGANa via electrostatic interaction with carboxylate anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Sakamoto
- Research Center for Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kawase
- Research Center for Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Hu H, Jiang B, Wu H, Zhang J, Chen X. Bamboo (Acidosasa edulis) shoot shell biochar: Its potential isolation and mechanism to perrhenate as a chemical surrogate for pertechnetate. J Environ Radioact 2016; 165:39-46. [PMID: 27623013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a biochar was prepared from bamboo (Acidosasa edulis) shoot shell through slow pyrolysis (under 300-700 °C). Characterization with various tools showed that the biochar surface was highly hydrophobic and also had more basic functional groups. Batch sorption experiments showed that the biochar had strong sorption ability to perrhenate (a chemical surrogate for pertechnetate) with maximum sorption capacity of 46.46 mg/g, which was significantly higher than commercial coconut shell activated carbon and some adsorbents reported previously. Desorption experiments showed that more than 94% of total perrhenate adsorbed could be recovered using 0.1 mol/L KOH as a desorption medium. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the recovery of perrhenate by the biochars was mainly through surface adsorption mechanisms involving both high hydrophobicity and high basic sites of biochar surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China.
| | - Bangqiang Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Huixiong Wu
- Hualu Engineering & Technology Co., LTD, Xian 710065, Shanxi, China
| | - Jubin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Wang Y, Yu Y, Li H, Shen C. Comparison study of phosphorus adsorption on different waste solids: Fly ash, red mud and ferric-alum water treatment residues. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 50:79-86. [PMID: 28034434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of phosphorus (P) onto three industrial solid wastes (fly ash, red mud and ferric-alum water treatment residual (FAR)) and their modified materials was studied systematically via batch experiments. Compared with two natural adsorbents (zeolite and diatomite), three solid wastes possessed a higher adsorption capacity for P because of the higher Fe, Al and Ca contents. After modification (i.e., the fly ash and red mud modified by FeCl3 and FARs modified by HCl), the adsorption capacity increased, especially for the modified red mud, where more Fe bonded P was observed. The P adsorption kinetics can be satisfactorily fitted using the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir model can describe well the P adsorption on all of the samples in our study. pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are two important factors for P adsorption. Under neutral conditions, the maximum adsorption amount on the modified materials was observed. With the deviation from pH7, the adsorption amount decreased, which resulted from the change of P species in water and surface charges of the adsorbents. The DOM in water can promote P adsorption, which may be due to the promotion effects of humic-Fe(Al) complexes and the pH buffer function exceeds the depression of competitive adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yange Yu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chanchan Shen
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Ni JS, Hsieh HC, Chen CA, Wen YS, Wu WT, Shih YC, Lin KF, Wang L, Lin JT. Near-Infrared-Absorbing and Dopant-Free Heterocyclic Quinoid-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ChemSusChem 2016; 9:3139-3144. [PMID: 27791344 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
New heterocyclic quinoid-based hole transporting materials (HTMs) with a rigid quinoid core [3,6-di(2H-imidazol-2-ylidene)cyclohexa-1,4-diene] have been synthesized. The new HTMs have good hole mobility (>10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 ) and very intense absorption in the near-infrared region extending to >800 nm. High performance perovskite solar cells can be fabricated using these HTMs without dopant. The best cell efficiency under simulated AM 1.5 G illumination reaches 12.22 %, which is comparable with that (12.58 %) using doped 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) as the HTM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Shyang Ni
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- NTU Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Da'an, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Sheng Wen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ti Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chen Shih
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - King-Fu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Da'an, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Leeyih Wang
- NTU Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Da'an, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jiann T Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Roik A, Röthig T, Roder C, Ziegler M, Kremb SG, Voolstra CR. Year-Long Monitoring of Physico-Chemical and Biological Variables Provide a Comparative Baseline of Coral Reef Functioning in the Central Red Sea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163939. [PMID: 27828965 PMCID: PMC5102394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs in the central Red Sea are sparsely studied and in situ data on physico-chemical and key biotic variables that provide an important comparative baseline are missing. To address this gap, we simultaneously monitored three reefs along a cross-shelf gradient for an entire year over four seasons, collecting data on currents, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a, turbidity, inorganic nutrients, sedimentation, bacterial communities of reef water, and bacterial and algal composition of epilithic biofilms. Summer temperature (29–33°C) and salinity (39 PSU) exceeded average global maxima for coral reefs, whereas DO concentration was low (2–4 mg L-1). While temperature and salinity differences were most pronounced between seasons, DO, chlorophyll-a, turbidity, and sedimentation varied most between reefs. Similarly, biotic communities were highly dynamic between reefs and seasons. Differences in bacterial biofilms were driven by four abundant families: Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Flammeovirgaceae, and Pseudanabaenaceae. In algal biofilms, green crusts, brown crusts, and crustose coralline algae were most abundant and accounted for most of the variability of the communities. Higher bacterial diversity of biofilms coincided with increased algal cover during spring and summer. By employing multivariate matching, we identified temperature, salinity, DO, and chlorophyll-a as the main contributing physico-chemical drivers of biotic community structures. These parameters are forecast to change most with the progression of ocean warming and increased nutrient input, which suggests an effect on the recruitment of Red Sea benthic communities as a result of climate change and anthropogenic influence. In conclusion, our study provides insight into coral reef functioning in the Red Sea and a comparative baseline to support coral reef studies in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roik
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Till Röthig
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cornelia Roder
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maren Ziegler
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephan G. Kremb
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christian R. Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Li Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Liu F, Fallgren PH, Jin S. Effects of bioaugmentation on sorption and desorption of benzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and naphthalene in freshly-spiked and historically-contaminated sediments. Chemosphere 2016; 162:1-7. [PMID: 27474910 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the frequently observed "rebounds" of contaminants of concern in groundwater systems. Specifically, influences of bioaugmented microorganisms on the sorption and desorption of representative petroleum constituents [benzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and naphthalene (BTN)] were studied in freshly-spiked and historically-contaminated sediments. Capable microorganisms were enriched and supplemented to contaminated sediments to enhance biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. In freshly-spiked sediments, when petroleum-degrading microorganisms were added, concentrations of dissolved petroleum constituents appeared to increase initially, and 12.4, 14.0 and 20.0 mg/kg of benzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and naphthalene, respectively desorbed from the sediments into the water phase. In the historically-contaminated sediments, the augmentation of petroleum-degrading microorganisms led to the desorption of 0.023-0.059, 0009-0.016, and 1.731-2.763 mg/L of previously sequestrated BTN into the water phase, and also triggered the desorption of 0.051-0.223, -0.133-2.630, and 2.324-1.200 mg/kg of previously sequestrated BTN as the methanol extraction quantity. The mechanisms of the enhanced desorption at the presence of microbes remain to be determined; however, we presumed that microbially produced constituents such as biosurfactants and cell mass could have attributed to the partition of petroleum compounds from the sediments. Findings from this study may partially explain "rebounds" of certain petroleum constituents into the groundwater during in situ bioremediation practice, although such immediate rebounds sometimes are weak, and the desorbed constituents can be eventually biodegraded under proper biogeochemical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YueHua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - YuLong Liu
- Research Institute of Safety and Environment Technology, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Paul H Fallgren
- Advanced Environmental Technologies, LLC, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
| | - Song Jin
- Advanced Environmental Technologies, LLC, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Zhang Y, Pignatello JJ, Tao S. Bioaccessibility of nitro- and oxy-PAHs in fuel soot assessed by an in vitro digestive model with absorptive sink. Environ Pollut 2016; 218:901-908. [PMID: 27531622 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of soot present in soil or other environmental particles is expected to be an important route of exposure to nitro and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We measured the apparent bioaccessibility (Bapp) of native concentrations of 1-nitropyrene (1N-PYR), 9-fluorenone (9FLO), anthracene-9,10-dione (ATQ), benzo[a]anthracene-7,12-dione (BaAQ), and benzanthrone (BZO) in a composite fuel soot sample using a previously-developed in vitro human gastrointestinal model that includes silicone sheet as a third-phase absorptive sink. Along with Bapp, we determined the 24-h sheet-digestive fluid partition coefficient (Ks,24h), the soot residue-fluid distribution ratio of the labile sorbed fraction after digestion (Kr,lab), and the maximum possible (limiting) bioaccessibility, Blim. The Bapp of PAH derivatives was positively affected by the presence of the sheet due to mass-action removal of the sorbed compounds. In all cases Bapp increased with imposition of fed conditions. The enhancement of Bapp under fed conditions is due to increasingly favorable mass transfer of target compounds from soot to fluid (increasing bile acid concentration, or adding food lipids) or transfer from fluid to sheet (by raising small intestinal pH). Food lipids may also enhance Bapp by mobilizing contaminants from nonlabile to labile states of the soot. Compared to the parent PAH, the derivatives had larger Kr,lab, despite having lower partition coefficients to various hydrophobic reference phases including silicone sheet. The Blim of the derivatives under the default conditions of the model ranged from 65.5% to 34.4%, in the order, 1N-PYR > ATQ > 9FLO > BZO > BaAQ, with no significant correlation with hydrophobic parameters, nor consistent relationship with Blim of the parent PAH. Consistent with earlier experiments on a wider range of PAHs, the results suggest that a major determinant of bioaccessibility is the distribution of chemical between nonlabile and labile states in the original solid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Joseph J Pignatello
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06504-1106, United States.
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Jiménez JJ, Muñoz BE, Sánchez MI, Pardo R, Vega MS. Fate of the drug chlorpromazine in river water according to laboratory assays. Identification and evolution over time of degradation products. Sorption to sediment. Chemosphere 2016; 162:285-292. [PMID: 27513549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxic effects of the non-biodegradable drug chlorpromazine and its degradation products have been reported on microorganisms in aqueous media. Here, chlorpromazine degradation assays in forced and non-forced conditions have been done to know its persistence and degradation products in river water. Sunlight irradiation promotes the complete degradation of chlorpromazine (2 μg L(-1)) in less than 4 h, but if the exposure to sunlight is limited chlorpromazine is detected during 4 weeks in river water. Sixteen degradation products in surface water are described for first time after solid-phase extraction and analysis by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry; their structures are proposed from the molecular formulae of the fragment-ions observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra. Hydroxylation and oxidation products such as chlorpromazine sulfoxide, 2-hydroxypromazine and 2-hydroxypromazine sulfoxide were predominant degradation products in the early stages; some benzo[1,4]thiazin-6-ol derivatives resulting from the breakdown of the phenothiazine core were the major and relatively stable products after 20 weeks under non-forced conditions. A degradation pathway of chlorpromazine in water is outlined. Moreover, it is shown that chlorpromazine is very strongly adsorbed on sediment while the degradation products that kept the promazine core have a notable capacity of sorption, too; sorption coefficients are calculated. Finally, a prediction about the toxicity of the degradation products in aquatic ecosystems suggests that some of them have toxicities similar, or even higher, than chlorpromazine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; I.U. CINQUIMA, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 5, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz E Muñoz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María I Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers, University of Valladolid, Francisco Mendizábal 1, 47014 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rafael Pardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María S Vega
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Samburova V, Connolly J, Gyawali M, Yatavelli RLN, Watts AC, Chakrabarty RK, Zielinska B, Moosmüller H, Khlystov A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biomass-burning emissions and their contribution to light absorption and aerosol toxicity. Sci Total Environ 2016; 568:391-401. [PMID: 27304373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, brown carbon (BrC) has been shown to be an important contributor to light absorption by biomass-burning atmospheric aerosols in the blue and near-ultraviolet (UV) part of the solar spectrum. Emission factors and optical properties of 113 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined for combustion of five globally important fuels: Alaskan, Siberian, and Florida swamp peat, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) needles. The emission factors of total analyzed PAHs were between 1.9±0.43.0±0.6 and 9.6±1.2-42.2±5.4mgPAHkg(-1)fuel for particle- and gas phase, respectively. Spectrophotometric analysis of the identified PAHs showed that perinaphthenone, methylpyrenes, and pyrene contributed the most to the total PAH light absorption with 17.2%, 3.3 to 10.5%, and 7.6% of the total particle-phase PAH absorptivity averaged over analyzed emissions from the fuels. In the gas phase, the top three PAH contributors to BrC were acenaphthylene (32.6%), anthracene (8.2%), and 2,4,5-trimethylnaphthalene (8.0%). Overall, the identified PAHs were responsible for 0.087-0.16% (0.13% on average) and 0.033-0.15% (0.11% on average) of the total light absorption by dichloromethane-acetone extracts of particle and gas emissions, respectively. Toxic equivalency factor (TEF) analysis of 16 PAHs prioritized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) showed that benzo(a)pyrene contributed the most to the PAH carcinogenic potency of particle phase emissions (61.8-67.4% to the total carcinogenic potency of Σ16EPA PAHs), while naphthalene played the major role in carcinogenicity of the gas phase PAHs in the biomass-burning emission analyzed here (35.4-46.0% to the total carcinogenic potency of Σ16EPA PAHs). The 16 EPA-prioritized PAHs contributed only 22.1±6.2% to total particle and 23.4±11% to total gas phase PAH mass, thus toxic properties of biomass-burning PAH emissions are most likely underestimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Samburova
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA.
| | - Jessica Connolly
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Madhu Gyawali
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Reddy L N Yatavelli
- Monitoring and Laboratory Division, California Air Resources Board, El Monte, CA 91731, USA
| | - Adam C Watts
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Rajan K Chakrabarty
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Barbara Zielinska
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Hans Moosmüller
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Andrey Khlystov
- Desert Research Institute, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Reno, NV 89512, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Pongstabodee S, Pornaroontham P, Pintuyothin N, Pootrakulchote N, Thouchprasitchai N. CO 2 capture performance of bi-functional activated bleaching earth modified with basic-alcoholic solution and functionalization with monoethanolamine: isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 48:126-137. [PMID: 27745658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CO2 capture performance of bifunctional activated bleaching earth (ABE) was investigated at atmospheric pressure. The sorbents were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Caron-Hydrogen-Nitrogen analysis (CHN), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The CO2 capacity was enhanced via basic-modification and monoethanolamine (MEA) loading of the ABE sorbent to obtain a bifunctional surface property. Here, basic-modified calcined ABE with a 30wt.% MEA loading (SAB-30) showed the highest CO2 capture capacity, but this was decreased with excess MEA loading (>30wt.%). At a 10% (V/V) initial CO2 concentration feed, the maximum capacity of SAB-30 increased from 2.71mmol/g at 30°C (without adding moisture to the feed) to 3.3mmol/g at 50°C when adding 10% (V/V) moisture to the feed. Increasing the moisture concentration further reduced the maximum CO2 capacity due to the blocking effect of the excess moisture on the sorbent surface. However, SAB-30 could completely capture CO2 even in a 100% (V/V) initial CO2 concentration feed. A maximum CO2 capacity of 5.7mmol/g for SAB-30 was achieved at 30°C. Varying the ratio of sorbent weight to total flow rate of the gas stream had no discernible effect on the equilibrium CO2 capture capacity. Avrami's equation and Toth's isotherm model provided a good fitting for the data and suggested the presence of more than one reaction pathway in the CO2 capture process and the heterogeneous adsorption surface of SAB-30. Thermodynamics studies revealed that CO2 capture on the bifunctional SAB-30 is feasible, spontaneous and exothermic in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangobtip Pongstabodee
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Phuwadej Pornaroontham
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuthapol Pintuyothin
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttapol Pootrakulchote
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nutthavich Thouchprasitchai
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
An J, Zhang G, Zheng R, Wang P. Removing lignin model pollutants with BiFeO 3-g-C 3N 4 compound as an efficient visible-light-heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 48:218-229. [PMID: 27745667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BiFeO3-g-C3N4 nanoscaled composite was prepared with a hydrothermal method and evaluated as a highly efficient photo-Fenton like catalyst under visible light irradiation. The BiFeO3-g-C3N4 composite exhibited much stronger adsorption ability to lignin model pollutant (guaiacol) than that of BiFeO3, which may be due to the higher specific surface area (BiFeO3-g-C3N4: 35.59m2/g>BiFeO3: 7.42m2/g) and the adsorption form of π-π stack between g-C3N4 and guaiacol. The composite exhibited excellent visible light-Fenton like catalysis activity, being influenced by the solution pH value and the proportions of BiFeO3 and g-C3N4 nanosheets. Under optimal conditions with visible light irradiation, the BiFeO3-g-C3N4 composite yielded fast degradation of guaiacol with an apparent rate constant of 0.0452min-1, which were 5.21 and 6.80 folds of that achieved by using BiFeO3 and the mixture of BiFeO3 and g-C3N4 nanosheets, respectively. The significantly enhanced visible light-Fenton like catalytic properties of the BiFeO3-g-C3N4 composite in comparison with that of BiFeO3 was attributed to a large surface area, much increased adsorption capacity and the semiconductor coupling effect between BiFeO3 and g-C3N4 in the composite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjian An
- School of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Guangyan Zhang
- School of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Rongfeng Zheng
- School of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Karacabey E, Turan MS, Özçelik ŞG, Baltacıoğlu C, Küçüköner E. Optimisation of pre-drying and deep-fat-frying conditions for production of low-fat fried carrot slices. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:4603-4612. [PMID: 26916385 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of the current study was to reduce the fat content of fried carrot slices with a hot air pre-drying step before frying. In this regard the effects of hot air drying and deep-fat-frying conditions on moisture and oil contents, breaking force and colour parameters of pre-dried and fried carrot slices were investigated. RESULTS Statistical analysis with response surface methodology showed that there was a significant correlation between investigated responses and process variables (P ≤ 0.05). Based on the optimal conditions (63.4 °C for drying temperature, 16% for weight loss, 152 °C for frying temperature, and 207 s for frying time) produced by the optimisation of process conditions, more than 50% reduction in fat content of fried carrot slices was achieved by hot air pre-drying before frying. CONCLUSION The results presented indicated that the proposed cooking method is useful to control final oil content of fried carrot slices, so indirectly limiting the daily calorie intake by consumers without spectacular losses in quality attributes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Karacabey
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
| | - Merve S Turan
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
| | - Şehriban G Özçelik
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
| | - Cem Baltacıoğlu
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Niğde University, Niğde, 51200, Turkey
| | - Erdoğan Küçüköner
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Smith DL, Chabot GE. Simplified Solutions for Activity Deposited on Moving Filter Media. Health Phys 2016; 111:327-336. [PMID: 27575345 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Simplified numerical solutions for particulate activity viewed on moving filter continuous air monitors are developed. The monitor configurations include both rectangular window (RW) and circular window (CW) types. The solutions are demonstrated first for a set of basic airborne radioactivity cases, for a series of concentration pulses, and for indicating the effects of step changes in reactor coolant system (RCS) leakage for a pressurized water reactor. The method is also compared to cases from the prior art. These simplified solutions have additional benefits: They are easily adaptable to multiple radionuclides, they will accommodate collection and detection efficiencies that vary in known ways across the collection area, and they also ease the solution programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Smith
- *141 Belvedere Road, Beacon, NY 12508; †Professor Emeritus, University of Massachusetts-Lowell
| | | |
Collapse
|
168
|
Balachandar S, Sethuram M, Muthuraja P, Shanmugavadivu T, Dhandapani M. Ligand based pharmacophoric modelling and docking of bioactive pyrazolium 3-nitrophthalate (P3NP) on Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger — Computational and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2016; 163:352-65. [PMID: 27614246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Balachandar
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sethuram
- Department of Chemistry, AVS College of Arts and Science, Ramalingapuram, Salem 636 106, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Muthuraja
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Shanmugavadivu
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Dhandapani
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Pan M, Cao N, Lin W, Luo X, Chen K, Che S, Li H, Wang C. Reversible CO2 Capture by Conjugated Ionic Liquids through Dynamic Covalent Carbon-Oxygen Bonds. ChemSusChem 2016; 9:2351-2357. [PMID: 27458723 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The strong chemisorption of CO2 is always accompanied by a high absorption enthalpy, and traditional methods to reduce the absorption enthalpy lead to decreased CO2 capacities. Through the introduction of a large π-conjugated structure into the anion, a dual-tuning approach for the improvement of CO2 capture by anion-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) resulted in a high capacity of up to 0.96 molCO2 mol-1IL and excellent reversibility. The increased capacity and improved desorption were supported by quantum chemical calculations, spectroscopic investigations, and thermogravimetric analysis. The increased capacity may be a result of the strengthened dynamic covalent bonds in these π-electron-conjugated structures through anion aggregation upon the uptake of CO2 , and the improved desorption originates from the charge dispersion of interaction sites through the large π-electron delocalization. These results provide important insights into effective strategies for CO2 capture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kaihong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Siying Che
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Congmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Mukherjee S, Dohno C, Asano K, Nakatani K. Cyclic mismatch binding ligand CMBL4 binds to the 5'-T-3'/5'-GG-3' site by inducing the flipping out of thymine base. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:7090-9. [PMID: 27466390 PMCID: PMC5009760 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly designed cyclic bis-naphthyridine carbamate dimer CMBL4: with a limited conformational flexibility was synthesized and characterized. Absorption spectra revealed that two naphthyridines in CMBL4: were stacked on each other in aqueous solutions. The most efficient binding of CMBL4: to DNA was observed for the sequence 5'-T-3'/5'-GG-3' (T/GG) with the formation of a 1:1 complex, which is one of possible structural elements involved in the higher order structures of (TGG)n repeat DNA triggering the genome microdeletion. Surface plasmon resonance assay also showed the binding of CMBL4: with TGG repeat DNA. Potassium permanganate oxidation studies of CMBL4: -bound duplex containing the T/GG site showed that the CMBL4: -binding accelerated the oxidation of thymine at that site, which suggests the flipping out of the thymine base from a π-stack. Preferential binding was observed for CMBL4: compared with its acyclic variants, which suggests the marked significance of the macrocyclic structure for the recognition of the T/GG site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Mukherjee
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Chikara Dohno
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kaori Asano
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakatani
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Pifferi A, Contini D, Mora AD, Farina A, Spinelli L, Torricelli A. New frontiers in time-domain diffuse optics, a review. J Biomed Opt 2016; 21:091310. [PMID: 27311627 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments in time-domain diffuse optics that rely on physical concepts (e.g., time-gating and null distance) and advanced photonic components (e.g., vertical cavity source-emitting laser as light sources, single photon avalanche diode, and silicon photomultipliers as detectors, fast-gating circuits, and time-to-digital converters for acquisition) are focused. This study shows how these tools could lead on one hand to compact and wearable time-domain devices for point-of-care diagnostics down to the consumer level and on the other hand to powerful systems with exceptional depth penetration and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pifferi
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Mora
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, ItalybIstituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan I-20133, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Wang S, Vincent T, Faur C, Guibal E. Alginate and Algal-Based Beads for the Sorption of Metal Cations: Cu(II) and Pb(II). Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1453. [PMID: 27598128 PMCID: PMC5037732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate and algal-biomass (Laminaria digitata) beads were prepared by homogeneous Ca ionotropic gelation. In addition, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI) was incorporated into algal beads. The three sorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX): the sorption occurs in the whole mass of the sorbents. Sorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of pH, sorption isotherms, and uptake kinetics. A special attention was paid to the effect of drying (air-drying vs. freeze-drying) on the mass transfer properties. For alginate, freeze drying is required for maintaining the porosity of the hydrogel, while for algal-based sorbents the swelling of the material minimizes the impact of the drying procedure. The maximum sorption capacities observed from experiments were 415, 296 and 218 mg Pb g(-1) and 112, 77 and 67 mg Cu g(-1) for alginate, algal and algal/PEI beads respectively. Though the sorption capacities of algal-beads decreased slightly (compared to alginate beads), the greener and cheaper one-pot synthesis of algal beads makes this sorbent more competitive for environmental applications. PEI in algal beads decreases the sorption properties in the case of the sorption of metal cations under selected experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengye Wang
- Ecole des mines d'Alès, Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés (MPA) 6, Avenue de Clavières, Alès F-30319 Cedex, France.
| | - Thierry Vincent
- Ecole des mines d'Alès, Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés (MPA) 6, Avenue de Clavières, Alès F-30319 Cedex, France.
| | - Catherine Faur
- Institut Européen des Membranes-IEM (UMR 5635 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2)-Equipe Génie des Procédés Membranaires, Université Montpellier cc047, Place Eugene Bataillon, Montpellier 34095 Cedex 5, France.
| | - Eric Guibal
- Ecole des mines d'Alès, Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès (C2MA), Pôle Matériaux Polymères Avancés (MPA) 6, Avenue de Clavières, Alès F-30319 Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Liao R, Yang P, Wu W, Ren S. An Inverse Method to Estimate the Root Water Uptake Source-Sink Term in Soil Water Transport Equation under the Effect of Superabsorbent Polymer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159936. [PMID: 27505000 PMCID: PMC4978451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) in arid regions improves the efficiency of local land and water use. However, SAPs’ repeated absorption and release of water has periodic and unstable effects on both soil’s physical and chemical properties and on the growth of plant roots, which complicates modeling of water movement in SAP-treated soils. In this paper, we proposea model of soil water movement for SAP-treated soils. The residence time of SAP in the soil and the duration of the experiment were considered as the same parameter t. This simplifies previously proposed models in which the residence time of SAP in the soil and the experiment’s duration were considered as two independent parameters. Numerical testing was carried out on the inverse method of estimating the source/sink term of root water uptake in the model of soil water movement under the effect of SAP. The test results show that time interval, hydraulic parameters, test error, and instrument precision had a significant influence on the stability of the inverse method, while time step, layering of soil, and boundary conditions had relatively smaller effects. A comprehensive analysis of the method’s stability, calculation, and accuracy suggests that the proposed inverse method applies if the following conditions are satisfied: the time interval is between 5 d and 17 d; the time step is between 1000 and 10000; the test error is ≥ 0.9; the instrument precision is ≤ 0.03; and the rate of soil surface evaporation is ≤ 0.6 mm/d.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renkuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
| | - Peiling Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wenyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basins, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
| | - Shumei Ren
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Nakkeeran E, Saranya N, Giri Nandagopal MS, Santhiagu A, Selvaraju N. Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions by a novel powder prepared from Colocasia esculenta leaves. Int J Phytoremediation 2016; 18:812-821. [PMID: 26853060 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1146229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, batch removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by powdered Colocasia esculenta leaves was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of adsorption of Cr(VI) at different pH values, initial concentrations, agitation speeds, temperatures, and contact times. The biosorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis. The biosorptive capacity of the adsorbent was dependent on the pH of the chromium solution in which maximum removal was observed at pH 2. The adsorption equilibrium data were evaluated for various adsorption isotherm models, kinetic models, and thermodynamics. The equilibrium data fitted well with Freundlich and Halsey models. The adsorption capacity calculated was 47.62 mg/g at pH 2. The adsorption kinetic data were best described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thus, Colocasia esculenta leaves can be considered as one of the efficient and cheap biosorbents for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nakkeeran
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Kozhikode , Kerala , India
| | - N Saranya
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Kozhikode , Kerala , India
| | - M S Giri Nandagopal
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Kozhikode , Kerala , India
| | - A Santhiagu
- b School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut , Kozhikode , Kerala , India
| | - N Selvaraju
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Calicut , Kozhikode , Kerala , India
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Senthil Kumar P, Saravanan A, Anish Kumar K, Yashwanth R, Visvesh S. Removal of toxic zinc from water/wastewater using eucalyptus seeds activated carbon: non-linear regression analysis. IET Nanobiotechnol 2016; 10:244-253. [PMID: 27463796 PMCID: PMC8676259 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel activated carbon was prepared from low-cost eucalyptus seeds, which was utilised for the effectively removal of toxic zinc from the water/wastewater. The prepared adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic characterisation studies. Adsorption process was experimentally performed for optimising the influencing factors such as adsorbent dosage, solution pH, contact time, initial zinc concentration, and temperature for the maximum removal of zinc from aqueous solution. Adsorption isotherm of zinc removal was ensued Freundlich model, and the kinetic model ensued pseudo-second order model. Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for zinc removal was evaluated as 80.37 mg/g. The results of the thermodynamic studies suggested that the adsorption process was exothermic, thermodynamically feasible and impulsive process. Finally, a batch adsorber was planned to remove zinc from known volume and known concentration of wastewater using best obeyed model such as Freundlich. The experimental details showed the newly prepared material can be effectively utilised as a cheap material for the adsorption of toxic metal ions from the contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anbalagan Saravanan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai - 603110, India
| | - Kodyingil Anish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai - 603110, India
| | - Ramesh Yashwanth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai - 603110, India
| | - Sridharan Visvesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai - 603110, India
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Alhajji E, Al-Masri MS, Khalily H, Naoum BE, Khalil HS, Nashawati A. A Study on Sorption of (226)Ra on Different Clay Matrices. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016; 97:255-260. [PMID: 27329110 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The sorption of radium 226 ((226)Ra) on different clay materials (bentonite, illite and a mixture of bentonite-illite) was studied. Clay materials are used in the construction of disposal pits for technically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) wastes (i.e., contaminated soil and sludge) generated by the oil and gas industry operations. Experimental conditions (pH, clay materials quantity, and activity concentrations of (226)Ra) were changed in order to determine the optimal state for adsorption of (226)Ra. The results showed that the concentration of adsorbed (226)Ra on clay materials increased with time to reach an equilibrium state after approximately 5 h. More than 95 % of the radium was adsorbed. The mixture of bentonite-illite (1/9) exhibited the greatest adsorption of radium under all experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Alhajji
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - M S Al-Masri
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
| | - H Khalily
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - B E Naoum
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - H S Khalil
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - A Nashawati
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Bührig-Polaczek A, Fleck C, Speck T, Schüler P, Fischer SF, Caliaro M, Thielen M. Biomimetic cellular metals-using hierarchical structuring for energy absorption. Bioinspir Biomim 2016; 11:045002. [PMID: 27433857 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/11/4/045002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fruit walls as well as nut and seed shells typically perform a multitude of functions. One of the biologically most important functions consists in the direct or indirect protection of the seeds from mechanical damage or other negative environmental influences. This qualifies such biological structures as role models for the development of new materials and components that protect commodities and/or persons from damage caused for example by impacts due to rough handling or crashes. We were able to show how the mechanical properties of metal foam based components can be improved by altering their structure on various hierarchical levels inspired by features and principles important for the impact and/or puncture resistance of the biological role models, rather than by tuning the properties of the bulk material. For this various investigation methods have been established which combine mechanical testing with different imaging methods, as well as with in situ and ex situ mechanical testing methods. Different structural hierarchies especially important for the mechanical deformation and failure behaviour of the biological role models, pomelo fruit (Citrus maxima) and Macadamia integrifolia, were identified. They were abstracted and transferred into corresponding structural principles and thus hierarchically structured bio-inspired metal foams have been designed. A production route for metal based bio-inspired structures by investment casting was successfully established. This allows the production of complex and reliable structures, by implementing and combining different hierarchical structural elements found in the biological concept generators, such as strut design and integration of fibres, as well as by minimising casting defects. To evaluate the structural effects, similar investigation methods and mechanical tests were applied to both the biological role models and the metallic foams. As a result an even deeper quantitative understanding of the form-structure-function relationship of the biological concept generators as well as the bio-inspired metal foams was achieved, on deeper hierarchical levels and overarching different levels.
Collapse
|
178
|
Gigliotti CL, Minelli R, Cavalli R, Occhipinti S, Barrera G, Pizzimenti S, Cappellano G, Boggio E, Conti L, Fantozzi R, Giovarelli M, Trotta F, Dianzani U, Dianzani C. In Vitro and In Vivo Therapeutic Evaluation of Camptothecin-Encapsulated β-Cyclodextrin Nanosponges in Prostate Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2016; 12:114-27. [PMID: 27301177 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT), a pentacyclic alkaloid, is an inhibitor of DNA Topoisomerase-I and shows a wide spectrum of anti-cancer activities. The use of CPT has been hampered by poor aqueous solubility and a high degradation rate. Previously, it has been reported that CPT encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin-nanosponges (CN-CPT) overcomes these disadvantages and improves the CPT's inhibitory effect on DU145 prostate tumor cell lines, and PC-3 growth in vitro. This work extends these observations by showing that CN-CPT significantly inhibits the adhesion and migration of these tumor cells and their STAT3 phosphorylation. The anti-adhesive effect is exerted also in human endothelial cells, in which CN-CPT also inhibits the angiogenic activity as assessed by the tubulogenesis and sprouting assays. Finally, CN-CPT substantially delays the growth of PC-3 cell engraftment in SCID mice in vivo without apparent toxic effects. These results support the use of β-cyclodextrin nanosponge nanotechnology as a potential nanocarrier for delivery of anticancer drugs in the treatment of prostate cancers.
Collapse
|
179
|
Pydzińska K, Karolczak J, Kosta I, Tena-Zaera R, Todinova A, Idígoras J, Anta JA, Ziółek M. Determination of Interfacial Charge-Transfer Rate Constants in Perovskite Solar Cells. ChemSusChem 2016; 9:1647-1659. [PMID: 27253726 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple protocol to study the dynamics of charge transfer to selective contacts in perovskite solar cells, based on time-resolved laser spectroscopy studies, in which the effect of bimolecular electron-hole recombination has been eliminated, is proposed. Through the proposed procedure, the interfacial charge-transfer rate constants from methylammonium lead iodide perovskite to different contact materials can be determined. Hole transfer is faster for CuSCN (rate constant 0.20 ns(-1) ) than that for 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD; 0.06 ns(-1) ), and electron transfer is faster for mesoporous (0.11 ns(-1) ) than that for compact (0.02 ns(-1) ) TiO2 layers. Despite more rapid charge separation, the photovoltaic performance of CuSCN cells is worse than that of spiro-OMeTAD cells; this is explained by faster charge recombination in CuSCN cells, as revealed by impedance spectroscopy. The proposed direction of studies should be one of the key strategies to explore efficient hole-selective contacts as an alternative to spiro-OMeTAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pydzińska
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Karolczak
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ivet Kosta
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón, 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain
| | - Ramon Tena-Zaera
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón, 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain
| | - Anna Todinova
- Nanostructured Solar Cells Group, Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera, km 1, ES-41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Jesus Idígoras
- Nanostructured Solar Cells Group, Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera, km 1, ES-41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan A Anta
- Nanostructured Solar Cells Group, Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera, km 1, ES-41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Marcin Ziółek
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
180
|
Abstract
One of the possible solutions to prevent global climate change is the reduction of CO2 emissions, which is highly desired for the sustainable development of our society. In this work, the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in amino acid ionic liquids was studied through first-principles methods. The use of readily accessible and biodegradable amino acids as building blocks for ionic liquids makes them highly promising replacements for the widely applied hazardous aqueous solutions of amines. A detailed insight into the reaction mechanism of the CO2 absorption was obtained through state-of-the-art theoretical methods. This allowed us to determine the reason for the specific CO2 capacities found experimentally. Moreover, we have also conducted a theoretical design of ionic liquids to provide valuable insights into the precise tuning of the energetic and kinetic parameters of the CO2 absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry S Firaha
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn, 53115, Germany), Fax: (+49) 0228/73-60442, Tel: (+49) 0228/73-9064
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn, 53115, Germany), Fax: (+49) 0228/73-60442, Tel: (+49) 0228/73-9064.
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Li W, Wang L, Liu F, Liang X, Feng X, Tan W, Zheng L, Yin H. Effects of Al(3+) doping on the structure and properties of goethite and its adsorption behavior towards phosphate. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 45:18-27. [PMID: 27372115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Al substitution in goethite is common in soils, and has strong influence on the structure and physicochemical properties of goethite. In this research, a series of Al-doped goethites were synthesized, and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The adsorption behavior of these samples towards PO4(3-) was also investigated. Characterization results demonstrated that increasing Al content in goethite led to a reduction in crystallinity, increase in specific surface area (SSA), and morphology change from needle-like to granular. Rietveld structure refinement revealed that the lattice parameter a remained almost constant and b slightly decreased, but c was significantly reduced, and the calculated crystal density increased. EXAFS analysis demonstrated that the Fe(Al)-O distance in the structure of the doped goethites was almost the same, but the Fe-Fe(Al) distance decreased with increasing Al content. Surface analysis showed that, with increasing Al content, the content of OH groups on the mineral surface increased. The adsorption of phosphate per unit mass of Al-doped goethite increased, while adsorption per unit area decreased owing to the decrease of the relative proportion of (110) facets in the total surface area of the minerals. The results of this research facilitate better understanding of the effect of Al substitution on the structure and properties of goethite and the cycling of phosphate in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Longjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xionghan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hui Yin
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River) Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Zhang F, Zhang CL, Wang WN, Cong HP, Qian HS. Titanium Dioxide/Upconversion Nanoparticles/Cadmium Sulfide Nanofibers Enable Enhanced Full-Spectrum Absorption for Superior Solar Light Driven Photocatalysis. ChemSusChem 2016; 9:1449-1454. [PMID: 27214754 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate an electrospinning technique to fabricate TiO2 /upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)/CdS nanofibers on large scale. In addition, the as-prepared TiO2 nanofibers are incorporated with a high population of UCNPs and CdS nanospheres; this results in Förster resonance energy-transfer configurations of the UCNPs, TiO2 , and CdS nanospheres that are in close proximity. Hence, strong fluorescent emissions for the Tm(3+) ions including the (1) G4 →(3) H6 transition are efficiently transferred to TiO2 and the CdS nanoparticles through an energy-transfer process. The as-prepared TiO2 /UCNPs/CdS nanofibers exhibit full-spectrum solar-energy absorption and enable the efficient degradation of organic dyes by fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the UCNPs and TiO2 (or CdS). The UCNPs/TiO2 /CdS nanofibers may also have enhanced energy-transfer efficiency for wide applications in solar cells, bioimaging, photodynamics, and chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhang
- Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Ling Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ni Wang
- Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Huai-Ping Cong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Sheng Qian
- Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Vilian ATE, An S, Choe SR, Kwak CH, Huh YS, Lee J, Han YK. Fabrication of 3D honeycomb-like porous polyurethane-functionalized reduced graphene oxide for detection of dopamine. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:122-128. [PMID: 27344607 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A three dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane (RGO-PU) porous material with connected pores was prepared by physical adsorption of RGO onto the surface of porous PU. The porous PU was prepared by directional melt crystallization of a solvent, which produced high pores with controlled orientation. The prepared RGO-PU was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy and electro-chemical methods. The RGO-PU porous material revealed better electrochemical performance, which might be attributed to the robust structure, superior conductivity, large surface area, and good flexibility. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis of DA using the RGO-PU exhibited a linear response range over a wide DA concentration of 100-1150pM, with the detection limit of 1pM. This sensor exhibited outstanding anti-interference ability towards co-existing molecules with good stability, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Furthermore, the fabricated sensor was successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of DA in human serum and urine samples with acceptable recovery, which indicates its feasibility for practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A T Ezhil Vilian
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeong An
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Sang Rak Choe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwan Kwak
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jonghwi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Conterosito E, Benesperi I, Toson V, Saccone D, Barbero N, Palin L, Barolo C, Gianotti V, Milanesio M. High-Throughput Preparation of New Photoactive Nanocomposites. ChemSusChem 2016; 9:1279-1289. [PMID: 27137753 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
New low-cost photoactive hybrid materials based on organic luminescent molecules inserted into hydrotalcite (layered double hydroxides; LDH) were produced, which exploit the high-throughput liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) method. These materials are conceived for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a co-absorbers and in silicon photovoltaic (PV) panels to improve their efficiency as they are able to emit where PV modules show the maximum efficiency. A molecule that shows a large Stokes' shift was designed, synthesized, and intercalated into LDH. Two dyes already used in DSSCs were also intercalated to produce two new nanocomposites. LDH intercalation allows the stability of organic dyes to be improved and their direct use in polymer melt blending. The prepared nanocomposites absorb sunlight from UV to visible and emit from blue to near-IR and thus can be exploited for light-energy management. Finally one nanocomposite was dispersed by melt blending into a poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate) copolymer to obtain a photoactive film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Conterosito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Valentina Toson
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Davide Saccone
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Palin
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
- Nova Res s.r.l., Via Dolores Bello 3, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Marco Milanesio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
- CrisDi Interdepartmental Center for Crystallography.
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Tang Y, Imasaka T, Yamamoto S, Imasaka T. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitro-, amino-derivatives absorbed on particulate matter 2.5 by multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry using far-, deep-, and near-ultraviolet femtosecond lasers. Chemosphere 2016; 152:252-258. [PMID: 26971178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton ionization processes of parent-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs), nitro-PAHs (NPAHs), and amino-PAHs (APAHs) were examined by gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser as the ionization source. The efficiency of multiphoton ionization was examined using lasers emitting in the far-ultraviolet (200 nm), deep-ultraviolet (267 nm), and near-ultraviolet (345 nm) regions. The largest signal intensities were obtained when the far-ultraviolet laser was employed. This favorable result can be attributed to the fact that these compounds have the largest molar absorptivities in the far-ultraviolet region. On the other hand, APAHs were ionized more efficiently than NPAHs in the near-ultraviolet region because of their low ionization energies. A sample extracted from a real particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) sample was measured, and numerous signal peaks arising from PAH and its analogs were observed at 200 nm. On the other hand, only a limited number of signed peaks were observed at 345 nm, some of which were signed to PPAHs, NPAHs, and APAHs. Thus, multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry has potential for the use in comprehensive analysis of toxic environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Imasaka
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Yamamoto
- Division of Air Science, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, 39 Mukaizano Dazaifu, Fukuoka, 818-0135, Japan
| | - Totaro Imasaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Division of Optoelectronics and Photonics, Center for Future Chemistry, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
186
|
Harvey D, Pollock NW, Gant N, Hart J, Mesley P, Mitchell SJ. The duration of two carbon dioxide absorbents in a closed-circuit rebreather diving system. Diving Hyperb Med 2016; 46:92-97. [PMID: 27334997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diving rebreathers use canisters containing sodalime preparations to remove carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the expired gas. These preparations have a limited absorptive capacity and therefore may limit dive duration. The Inspiration™ rebreather is designed for use with Sofnolime 797™ but some divers use Spherasorb™ as an alternative. There are no published data comparing the CO2-absorbing efficacy of these sodalime preparations in an Inspiration rebreather. METHODS An Inspiration rebreather was operated in a benchtop circuit under conditions simulating work at 6 metabolic equivalents (MET). Ventilation was maintained at 45 L·min⁻¹ (tidal volume 1·5 L; respiratory rate 30 min⁻¹) with CO₂ introduced to the expiratory limb at 2·L·min⁻¹. The PiCO₂ was continuously monitored in the inspiratory limb. The rebreather canister was packed to full volume with either Sofnolime or Spherasorb and 10 trials were conducted (five using each absorbent), in which the circuit was continuously run until the PiCO₂ reached 1 kPa ('breakthrough'). Peak inspiratory and expiratory pressures during tidal ventilation of the circuit were also recorded. RESULTS The mean operating duration to CO₂ breakthrough was 138 ± 4 (SD) minutes for 2.38·kg Spherasorb and 202 ± minutes for 2.64·kg Sofnolime (P < 0.0001). The difference between peak inspiratory and expiratory pressures was 10% less during use of Spherasorb, suggesting lower work of breathing. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions simulating work at 6 MET during use of an Inspiration rebreather a canister packed with Spherasorb reached CO₂ breakthrough 32% earlier with 10% less mass than Sofnolime packed to similar volume. Divers cannot alternate between these two preparations and expect the same endurance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Harvey
- Department of Anaesthesia, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand
| | - Neal W Pollock
- Divers Alert Network, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland New Zealand,
| | - Nicholas Gant
- Exercise Neurometabolism Laboratory, Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Hart
- Exercise Neurometabolism Laboratory, Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Simon J Mitchell
- Department of Anaesthesia, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, Phone: +64-(0)2-7414-1212, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Ozan Aydin G, Bulbul Sonmez H. Organic-inorganic hybrid gels for the selective absorption of oils from water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:11695-11707. [PMID: 26939691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid gels were synthesized by the condensation of a linear aliphatic diol (1,8-octanediol) and altering the chain length of the alkyltriethoxysilanes (from ethyltriethoxysilane to hexadecyltrimethoxysilane) through a bulk polymerization process without using any initiator, activator, catalyst, or solvent for the selective removal of oils from water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state (13)C and (29)Si cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS NMR) were used for the structural analysis of hybrid gels. Thermal properties of the hybrid gels were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Oil absorbency of organic-inorganic hybrid gels was determined by oil absorption tests. The results showed that hybrid gels have high and fast absorption capacities and excellent reusability. Good selectivity, high thermal stability, low density, and excellent recyclability for the oil removal give the material potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Ozan Aydin
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, PO. Box 141, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hayal Bulbul Sonmez
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, PO. Box 141, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Gibasiewicz K, Białek R, Pajzderska M, Karolczak J, Burdziński G, Jones MR, Brettel K. Weak temperature dependence of P (+) H A (-) recombination in mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centers. Photosynth Res 2016; 128:243-258. [PMID: 26942583 PMCID: PMC4877430 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In contrast with findings on the wild-type Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center, biexponential P (+) H A (-) → PH A charge recombination is shown to be weakly dependent on temperature between 78 and 298 K in three variants with single amino acids exchanged in the vicinity of primary electron acceptors. These mutated reaction centers have diverse overall kinetics of charge recombination, spanning an average lifetime from ~2 to ~20 ns. Despite these differences a protein relaxation model applied previously to wild-type reaction centers was successfully used to relate the observed kinetics to the temporal evolution of the free energy level of the state P (+) H A (-) relative to P (+) B A (-) . We conclude that the observed variety in the kinetics of charge recombination, together with their weak temperature dependence, is caused by a combination of factors that are each affected to a different extent by the point mutations in a particular mutant complex. These are as follows: (1) the initial free energy gap between the states P (+) B A (-) and P (+) H A (-) , (2) the intrinsic rate of P (+) B A (-) → PB A charge recombination, and (3) the rate of protein relaxation in response to the appearance of the charge separated states. In the case of a mutant which displays rapid P (+) H A (-) recombination (ELL), most of this recombination occurs in an unrelaxed protein in which P (+) B A (-) and P (+) H A (-) are almost isoenergetic. In contrast, in a mutant in which P (+) H A (-) recombination is relatively slow (GML), most of the recombination occurs in a relaxed protein in which P (+) H A (-) is much lower in energy than P (+) H A (-) . The weak temperature dependence in the ELL reaction center and a YLH mutant was modeled in two ways: (1) by assuming that the initial P (+) B A (-) and P (+) H A (-) states in an unrelaxed protein are isoenergetic, whereas the final free energy gap between these states following the protein relaxation is large (~250 meV or more), independent of temperature and (2) by assuming that the initial and final free energy gaps between P (+) B A (-) and P (+) H A (-) are moderate and temperature dependent. In the case of the GML mutant, it was concluded that the free energy gap between P (+) B A (-) and P (+) H A (-) is large at all times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Gibasiewicz
- Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Rafał Białek
- Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Pajzderska
- Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Karolczak
- Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, A. Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Gotard Burdziński
- Department of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Klaus Brettel
- Laboratoire Mécanismes Fondamentaux de la Bioénergétique, UMR 8221, CEA - iBiTec-S, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Tansel B, Surita SC. Selectivity and limitations of carbon sorption tubes for capturing siloxanes in biogas during field sampling. Waste Manag 2016; 52:122-129. [PMID: 27055363 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Siloxane levels in biogas can jeopardize the warranties of the engines used at the biogas to energy facilities. The chemical structure of siloxanes consists of silicon and oxygen atoms, alternating in position, with hydrocarbon groups attached to the silicon side chain. Siloxanes can be either in cyclic (D) or linear (L) configuration and referred with a letter corresponding to their structure followed by a number corresponding to the number of silicon atoms present. When siloxanes are burned, the hydrocarbon fraction is lost and silicon is converted to silicates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of activated carbon gas samplers for quantitative analysis of siloxanes in biogas samples. Biogas samples were collected from a landfill and an anaerobic digester using multiple carbon sorbent tubes assembled in series. One set of samples was collected for 30min (sampling 6-L gas), and the second set was collected for 60min (sampling 12-L gas). Carbon particles were thermally desorbed and analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that biogas sampling using a single tube would not adequately capture octamethyltrisiloxane (L3), hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). Even with 4 tubes were used in series, D5 was not captured effectively. The single sorbent tube sampling method was adequate only for capturing trimethylsilanol (TMS) and hexamethyldisiloxane (L2). Affinity of siloxanes for activated carbon decreased with increasing molecular weight. Using multiple carbon sorbent tubes in series can be an appropriate method for developing a standard procedure for determining siloxane levels for low molecular weight siloxanes (up to D3). Appropriate quality assurance and quality control procedures should be developed for adequately quantifying the levels of the higher molecular weight siloxanes in biogas with sorbent tubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berrin Tansel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, College of Engineering and Computing, 10155 West Flagler St, Miami, FL 33174, United States.
| | - Sharon C Surita
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, College of Engineering and Computing, 10155 West Flagler St, Miami, FL 33174, United States
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Kim MK, Lee JA, Jo MR, Choi SJ. Bioavailability of Silica, Titanium Dioxide, and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:6580-6. [PMID: 27427756 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles have been widely applied to various industrial fields and biological applications. However, the question as to whether nanoparticles are more efficiently absorbed into the systemic circulation than bulk-sized materials remains to be unclear. In the present study, the physico-chemical and dissolution properties of the most extensively developed inorganic nanoparticles, such as silica (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO), were analyzed, as compared with bulk-sized particles. Furthermore, the bioavailability of nanoparticles versus their bulk counterparts was evaluated in rats after a single oral administration and intravenous injection, respectively. The results demonstrated that all bulk materials had slightly higher crystallinity than nanoparticles, however, their dissolution properties were not affected by particle size. No significant difference in oral absorption and bioavailability of both SiO2 and TiO2 was found between nano- and bulk-sized materials, while bulk ZnO particles were more bioavailable in the body than ZnO nanoparticles. These finding will provide critical information to apply nanoparticles with high efficiency as well as to predict their toxicity potential.
Collapse
|
191
|
Kaur S, Bhararia A, Sharma K, Mittal S, Jain R, Wangoo N, Sharma RK. Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Loaded and Chitosan Engineered Polymeric Nanoparticles: Towards Effective Delivery of Neuropeptides. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:5324-5332. [PMID: 27483926 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH), a tripeptide amide with molecular formula L-pGlu-L-His-L- Pro-NH2, is used in the treatment of brain/spinal injury and certain central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, shock and ischemia due to its profound effects on the CNS. However, TRH's therapeutic activity is severely hampered because of instability and hydrophilicity owing to its peptidic nature which results into ineffective penetration into the blood brain barrier. In the present study, we report the synthesis and stability studies of novel chitosan engineered TRH encapsulated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) based nanoformulation. The aim of such an encapsulation is to allow effective delivery of TRH in biological systems as the peptidase degrade naked TRH. The synthesis of TRH was carried out manually in solution phase followed by its encapsulation using PLGA to form polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) via nanoprecipitation technique. Different parameters such as type of organic phase, concentration of stabilizer, ratio of organic phase and aqueous phase, rate of addition of organic phase were optimized, tested and evaluated for particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and stability of NPs. The TRH-PLGA NPs were then surface modified with chitosan to achieve positive surface charge rendering them potential membrane penetrating agents. PLGA, PLGA-TRH, Chitosan-PLGA and Chitosan-PLGA-TRH NPs were characterized and analyzed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Transmissiom Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Infra-red spectroscopic techniques.
Collapse
|
192
|
Gao Y, Gu S, Zhang Y, Xie X, Yu T, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Chen W, Zhang H, Dong H, Sinko PJ, Jia L. The Architecture and Function of Monoclonal Antibody-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Mifepristone: Repurposing Abortifacient for Cancer Metastatic Chemoprevention. Small 2016; 12:2595-608. [PMID: 27027489 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The circulating tumor cells (CTCs) existing in cancer survivors are considered the root cause of cancer metastasis. To prevent the devastating metastasis cascade from initiation, we hypothesize that a biodegradable nanomaterial loaded with the abortifacient mifepristone (MIF) and conjugated with the epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody (aEpCAM) may serve as a safe and effective cancer metastatic preventive agent by targeting CTCs and preventing their adhesion-invasion to vascular intima. It is demonstrated that MIF-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) coated with aEpCAM (aE-MSN-M) can specifically target and bind colorectal cancer cells in either cell medium or blood through EpCAM recognition proven by quantitative flow cytometric detection and free aEpCAM competitive assay. The specific binding results in downregulation of the captured cells and drives them into G0/G1 phase primarily attributed to the effect of aEpCAM. The functional nanoparticles significantly inhibit the heteroadhesion between cancer cells and endothelial cells, suggesting the combined inhibition effects of aEpCAM and MIF on E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression. The functionalized nanoparticles circulate in mouse blood long enough to deliver MIF and inhibit lung metastasis. The present proof-of-concept study shows that the aE-MSN-M can prevent cancer metastasis by restraining CTC activity and their adhesion-invasion to vascular intima.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Songen Gu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yewei Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenge Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Patrick J Sinko
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
193
|
Reena K, Balashanmugam P, Gajendiran M, Antony SA. Synthesis of Leucas Aspera Extract Loaded Gold-PLA-PEG-PLA Amphiphilic Copolymer Nanoconjugates: In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Studies. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:4762-4770. [PMID: 27483820 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are synthesized using the medicinal plant Leucas Aspera extract (LAE) and poly lactic acid-co-poly ethylene glycol-co-poly lactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA) copolymer by water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method. The proposed method of W/O emulsion technique involves synthesis of GNPs and loading of Leucas Aspera extract on to the PLA-PEG-PLA copolymer matrix simultaneously. The synthesized GNPs are characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer NPs are examined for the in vitro cytotoxicity on South African green monkey's kidney cells. The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer nanoconjugates exhibit maximum up to 95% of cell viability with 100 μg concentration of GNPs in the sample. The GNPs-LAE loaded polymer NPs exhibit better anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the pure LAE.
Collapse
|
194
|
Milinovic J, Lacorte S, Rigol A, Vidal M. Sorption of perfluoroalkyl substances in sewage sludge. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:8339-8348. [PMID: 26780052 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-6019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The sorption behaviour of three perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)) was studied in sewage sludge samples. Sorption isotherms were obtained by varying initial concentrations of PFOS, PFOA and PFBS. The maximum values of the sorption solid-liquid distribution coefficients (Kd,max) varied by almost two orders of magnitude among the target PFASs: 140-281 mL g(-1) for PFOS, 30-54 mL g(-1) for PFOA and 9-18 mL g(-1) for PFBS. Freundlich and linear fittings were appropriate for describing the sorption behaviour of PFASs in the sludge samples, and the derived KF and Kd,linear parameters correlated well. The hydrophobicity of the PFASs was the key parameter that influenced their sorption in sewage sludge. Sorption parameters and log(KOW) were correlated, and for PFOS (the most hydrophobic compound), pH and Ca + Mg status of the sludge controlled the variation in the sorption parameter values. Sorption reversibility was also tested from desorption isotherms, which were also linear. Desorption parameters were systematically higher than the corresponding sorption parameters (up to sixfold higher), thus indicating a significant degree of irreversible sorption, which decreased in the sequence PFOS > PFOA > PFBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Milinovic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Lacorte
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rigol
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miquel Vidal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Braschi I, Blasioli S, Buscaroli E, Montecchio D, Martucci A. Physicochemical regeneration of high silica zeolite Y used to clean-up water polluted with sulfonamide antibiotics. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 43:302-312. [PMID: 27155437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
High silica zeolite Y has been positively evaluated to clean-up water polluted with sulfonamides, an antibiotic family which is known to be involved in the antibiotic resistance evolution. To define possible strategies for the exhausted zeolite regeneration, the efficacy of some chemico-physical treatments on the zeolite loaded with four different sulfonamides was evaluated. The evolution of photolysis, Fenton-like reaction, thermal treatments, and solvent extractions and the occurrence in the zeolite pores of organic residues eventually entrapped was elucidated by a combined thermogravimetric (TGA-DTA), diffractometric (XRPD), and spectroscopic (FT-IR) approach. The chemical processes were not able to remove the organic guest from zeolite pores and a limited transformation on embedded molecules was observed. On the contrary, both thermal treatment and solvent extraction succeeded in the regeneration of the zeolite loaded from deionized and natural fresh water. The recyclability of regenerated zeolite was evaluated over several adsorption/regeneration cycles, due to the treatment efficacy and its stability as well as the ability to regain the structural features of the unloaded material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Braschi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy; NanoSiSTeMI Interdisciplinary Centre, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, Alessandria 15121, Italy.
| | - S Blasioli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - E Buscaroli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - D Montecchio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - A Martucci
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Guo H, Li H, Liang N, Chen F, Liao S, Zhang D, Wu M, Pan B. Structural benefits of bisphenol S and its analogs resulting in their high sorption on carbon nanotubes and graphite. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:8976-84. [PMID: 26822215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS), a new bisphenol analog, is considered to be a potential replacement for bisphenol A (BPA), which has gained concern because of its potentially adverse health impacts. Therefore, studies are needed to investigate the environmental fate and risks of this compound. In this study, the adsorption of BPS and four structural analogs on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphite (GP) were investigated. When solid-phase concentrations were normalized by the surface areas, oxygen-containing functional groups on the absorbents showed a positive impact on phenol sorption but inhibited the sorption of chemicals with two benzene rings. Among BPS analogs, diphenyl sulfone showed the lowest sorption when hydrophobic effects were ruled out. Chemicals with a butterfly structure, formed between the two benzene rings, showed consistently high sorption on MWCNTs, independent of the substituted electron-donating or accepting functional groups. This study emphasizes the importance of chemical conformation on organic, contaminant sorption on engineered, carbonaceous materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Guo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hao Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ni Liang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shaohua Liao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Tripathy J, Loget G, Altomare M, Schmuki P. Polydopamine-Coated TiO2 Nanotubes for Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol to Benzaldehyde Under Visible Light. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:5353-5358. [PMID: 27483930 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 nanotube arrays grown by anodization were coated with thin layers of polydopamine as visible light sensitizer. The PDA-coated TiO2 scaffolds were used as photocatalyst for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol under monochromatic irradiation at 473 nm. Benzaldehyde was selectively formed and no by-products could be detected. A maximized reaction yield was obtained in O2-saturated acetonitrile. A mechanism is proposed that implies firstly the charge carrier generation in polydopamine as a consequence of visible light absorption. Secondly, photo-promoted electrons are injected in TiO2 conduction band, and subsequently transferred to dissolved O2 to form O*2- radicals. These radicals react with benzyl alcohol and lead to its selective dehydrogenation oxidation towards benzaldehyde.
Collapse
|
198
|
Futrega K, Yu J, Jones JW, Kane MA, Lott WB, Atkinson K, Doran MR. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modulates CD38 expression, absorbs retinoic acid and may perturb retinoid signalling. Lab Chip 2016; 16:1473-1483. [PMID: 27008339 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00269b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most commonly used material in the manufacture of customized cell culture devices. While there is concern that uncured PDMS oligomers may leach into culture medium and/or hydrophobic molecules may be absorbed into PDMS structures, there is no consensus on how or if PDMS influences cell behaviour. We observed that human umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived CD34(+) cells expanded in standard culture medium on PDMS exhibit reduced CD38 surface expression, relative to cells cultured on tissue culture polystyrene (TCP). All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces CD38 expression, and we reasoned that this hydrophobic molecule might be absorbed by PDMS. Through a series of experiments we demonstrated that ATRA-mediated CD38 expression was attenuated when cultures were maintained on PDMS. Medium pre-incubated on PDMS for extended durations resulted in a time-dependant reduction of ATRA in the medium and increasingly attenuated CD38 expression. This indicated a time-dependent absorption of ATRA into the PDMS. To better understand how PDMS might generally influence cell behaviour, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to identify potential upstream regulators. This analysis was performed for differentially expressed genes in primary cells including CD34(+) haematopoietic progenitor cells, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), and keratinocytes, and cell lines including prostate cancer epithelial cells (LNCaP), breast cancer epithelial cells (MCF-7), and myeloid leukaemia cells (KG1a). IPA predicted that the most likely common upstream regulator of perturbed pathways was ATRA. We demonstrate here that ATRA is absorbed by PDMS in a time-dependent manner and results in the concomitant reduced expression of CD38 on the cell surface of CB-derived CD34(+) cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Futrega
- Stem Cell Therapies Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jace W Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - William B Lott
- Stem Cell Therapies Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Kerry Atkinson
- Stem Cell Therapies Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Michael R Doran
- Stem Cell Therapies Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia. and Mater Medical Research - University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Meng J, Liu J, Liang J, Zhang H, Ding Y. Influence of Water Activated by Far infrared Porous Ceramics on Nitrogen Absorption in the Pig Feed. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:3977-3980. [PMID: 27451750 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.11845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Under modern and, intensive feeding livestock and poultry density has increased, and brought a deterioration of the farm environment. The livestock and their excrement generate harmful gases such as ammonia, etc. which restricted the sustainable development and improvement of production efficiency of animal husbandry. In this paper, a new kind of far infrared porous ceramics was prepared to activate, the animal drinking water. The activated water and common water were then supplied to pigs, and the fresh pig feces of experimental group and:control group were collected on a regular basis. The residual protein content in feces was tested by Kjeldahl nitrogen method to study the influence law of the porous ceramics on absorbing nitrogen element in animal feces. The results showed that compared with the control group, the protein content in the experimental group decreased on average by 39.2%. The activated drinking water was conducive to the absorption of nitrogen in pig feed. The clusters of water molecules became smaller under the action of the porous ceramics. Hence, they were easy to pass through the water protein channel on the cell membrane for speeding up the metabolism.
Collapse
|
200
|
Hendrickx JFA, De Ridder SPAJ, Dehouwer A, Carette R, De Cooman S, De Wolf AM. In vitro performance of prefilled CO₂ absorbers with the Aisys®. J Clin Monit Comput 2016; 30:193-202. [PMID: 25953416 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-015-9699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Low flow anesthesia increases the use of CO2 absorbents, but independent data that compare canister life of the newest CO2 absorbents are scarce. Seven different pre-packed CO2 canisters were tested in vitro: Amsorb Plus, Spherasorb, LoFloSorb, Medisorb, Medisorb EF, LithoLyme, and SpiraLith. CO2 (160 mL min(-1)) flowed into the tip of a 2 L breathing bag that was ventilated with a tidal volume of 500 mL, a respiratory rate of 10/min, and an I:E ratio of 1:1 using the controlled mechanical ventilation mode of the Aisys (®) (GE, Madison, WI, USA). In part I, canister life of each brand (all of the same lot) was tested with 12 different fresh gas flows (FGF) ranging from 0.25 to 4 L min(-1). In part II, canister life of six canisters each of two different lots of each brand were tested with a 350 mL min(-1) FGF. Canister life is presented as "FCU", fractional canister usage, the fraction of a canister used per hour, and is defined for the inspired CO2 concentration (FICO2) that denotes exhaustion. In part III, canister life per 100 g fresh granule content was calculated. FCU decreased linearly with increasing FGF. The relative position of the FCU-FGF curves of the different brands depends on the FICO2 threshold because the exhaustion rate (the rate of rise once FICO2 starts to increase) differs among the brands. Intra-lot variability was 18 % or less. The different prepacks can be ranked according their efficiency (least to most efficient) as follows: Amsorb Plus = Medisorb EF < LoFloSorb < Medisorb = Spherasorb = LithoLyme < SpiraLith (all for an FICO2 threshold = 0.5 %). Canister life per 100 g fresh granule content is almost twice as long when LiOH is used as the primary absorbent. The most important factors that determine canister life of prepacks in a circle breathing system are the chemical composition of the canister, the absolute amount of absorbent present in the canister, and the FICO2 replacement threshold. The use of the fractional canister usage allows cost comparisons among different prepacks. Results should not be extrapolated to prepacks that fit onto other anesthesia machines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan F A Hendrickx
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, OLV Hospital, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Simon P A J De Ridder
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, OLV Hospital, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Alexander Dehouwer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, OLV Hospital, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Rik Carette
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, OLV Hospital, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Cooman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sint-Jan Kliniek, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andre M De Wolf
- Department of Anesthesiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|