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Cui Y, Auclair H, He R, Zhang Q. GPCR-mediated regulation of beige adipocyte formation: Implications for obesity and metabolic health. Gene 2024; 915:148421. [PMID: 38561165 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated complications pose a significant burden on health. The non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and metabolic capacity properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT), which are distinct from those of white adipose tissue (WAT), in combating obesity and its related metabolic diseases has been well documented. However, beige adipose tissue, the third and relatively novel type of adipose tissue, which emerges in extensive presence of WAT and shares similar favorable metabolic properties with BAT, has garnered considerable attention in recent years. In this review, we focused on the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest receptor family and the most successful class of drug targets in humans, in the induction of beige adipocytes. More importantly, we highlight researchers' clinical treatment attempts to ameliorate obesity and other related metabolic diseases through the formation and activation of beige adipose tissue. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into the formation of beige adipose tissue and the involvement of GPCRs, based on the latest advancements in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxu Cui
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hugo Auclair
- Faculty of Medicine, François-Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Rong He
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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2
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Holman CD, Sakers AP, Calhoun RP, Cheng L, Fein EC, Jacobs C, Tsai L, Rosen ED, Seale P. Aging impairs cold-induced beige adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolic reprogramming. eLife 2024; 12:RP87756. [PMID: 38775132 PMCID: PMC11111218 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The energy-burning capability of beige adipose tissue is a potential therapeutic tool for reducing obesity and metabolic disease, but this capacity is decreased by aging. Here, we evaluate the impact of aging on the profile and activity of adipocyte stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) and adipocytes during the beiging process in mice. We found that aging increases the expression of Cd9 and other fibro-inflammatory genes in fibroblastic ASPCs and blocks their differentiation into beige adipocytes. Fibroblastic ASPC populations from young and aged mice were equally competent for beige differentiation in vitro, suggesting that environmental factors suppress adipogenesis in vivo. Examination of adipocytes by single nucleus RNA-sequencing identified compositional and transcriptional differences in adipocyte populations with aging and cold exposure. Notably, cold exposure induced an adipocyte population expressing high levels of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) genes, and this response was severely blunted in aged animals. We further identified Npr3, which encodes the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor, as a marker gene for a subset of white adipocytes and an aging-upregulated gene in adipocytes. In summary, this study indicates that aging blocks beige adipogenesis and dysregulates adipocyte responses to cold exposure and provides a resource for identifying cold and aging-regulated pathways in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey D Holman
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Alexander P Sakers
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ryan P Calhoun
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Lan Cheng
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ethan C Fein
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Christopher Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonUnited States
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
| | - Linus Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonUnited States
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonUnited States
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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3
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Ye Y, Wang H, Chen W, Chen Z, Wu D, Zhang F, Hu F. Dynamic changes of immunocyte subpopulations in thermogenic activation of adipose tissues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375138. [PMID: 38812501 PMCID: PMC11133676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The effects of cold exposure on whole-body metabolism in humans have gained increasing attention. Brown or beige adipose tissues are crucial in cold-induced thermogenesis to dissipate energy and thus have the potential to combat metabolic disorders. Despite the immune regulation of thermogenic adipose tissues, the overall changes in vital immune cells during distinct cold periods remain elusive. This study aimed to discuss the overall changes in immune cells under different cold exposure periods and to screen several potential immune cell subpopulations on thermogenic regulation. Methods Cibersort and mMCP-counter algorithms were employed to analyze immune infiltration in two (brown and beige) thermogenic adipose tissues under distinct cold periods. Changes in some crucial immune cell populations were validated by reanalyzing the single-cell sequencing dataset (GSE207706). Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR assays were performed to detect the proportion or expression changes in mouse immune cells of thermogenic adipose tissues under cold challenge. Results The proportion of monocytes, naïve, and memory T cells increased, while the proportion of NK cells decreased under cold exposure in brown adipose tissues. Conclusion Our study revealed dynamic changes in immune cell profiles in thermogenic adipose tissues and identified several novel immune cell subpopulations, which may contribute to thermogenic activation of adipose tissues under cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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de Melo DG, da Cruz Rodrigues VC, de Sá Pereira GJ, de Campos TDP, Dos Santos Canciglieri R, Pauli JR, da Silva ASR, da Costa Fernandes CJ, de Moura LP. Effects of aerobic exercise on the regulation of mitochondrial carrier homolog-2 and its influence on the catabolic and anabolic activity of lipids in the mesenteric adipose tissue of obese mice. Life Sci 2024; 345:122567. [PMID: 38492919 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to understand the direct impact of aerobic short-term exercise on lipid metabolism, specifically in regulating the mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) and how it interferes with lipid metabolism in mesenteric adipose tissue. Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control, sedentary obese, and exercised obese. The obese groups were induced into obesity for fourteen weeks of a high-fat diet, and the trained submitted to seven aerobic exercise sessions. The exercise proved the significant increase of the pPerilipin-1, a hormone-sensitive lipase gene, and modulates lipid metabolism by increasing the expression of Mtch2 and acetyl Co-A carboxylase, perhaps occurring as feedback to regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. In conclusion, we demonstrate, for the first time, how aerobic physical exercise increases Mtch2 transcription in mesenteric adipose tissue. This increase was due to changes in energy demand caused by exercise, confirmed by observing the significant reduction in mesenteric adipose tissue mass in the exercised group. Also, we showed that physical exercise increased the phosphorylative capacity of PLIN1, a protein responsible for the degradation of fatty acids in the lipid droplet, providing acyl and glycerol for cellular metabolism. Although our findings demonstrate evidence of MTCH2 as a protein that regulates lipid homeostasis, scant knowledge exists concerning the signaling of the MTCH2 pathway in regulatingfatty acid metabolism. Therefore, unveiling the means of molecular signaling of MTCH2 demonstrates excellent potential for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomes de Melo
- Exercise Cellular Biology Laboratory, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célio Junior da Costa Fernandes
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Exercise Cellular Biology Laboratory, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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5
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Ferrero R, Rainer PY, Rumpler M, Russeil J, Zachara M, Pezoldt J, van Mierlo G, Gardeux V, Saelens W, Alpern D, Favre L, Vionnet N, Mantziari S, Zingg T, Pitteloud N, Suter M, Matter M, Schlaudraff KU, Canto C, Deplancke B. A human omentum-specific mesothelial-like stromal population inhibits adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00137-2. [PMID: 38729152 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue plasticity is orchestrated by molecularly and functionally diverse cells within the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Although several mouse and human adipose SVF cellular subpopulations have by now been identified, we still lack an understanding of the cellular and functional variability of adipose stem and progenitor cell (ASPC) populations across human fat depots. To address this, we performed single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses of >30 SVF/Lin- samples across four human adipose depots, revealing two ubiquitous human ASPC (hASPC) subpopulations with distinct proliferative and adipogenic properties but also depot- and BMI-dependent proportions. Furthermore, we identified an omental-specific, high IGFBP2-expressing stromal population that transitions between mesothelial and mesenchymal cell states and inhibits hASPC adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion. Our analyses highlight the molecular and cellular uniqueness of different adipose niches, while our discovery of an anti-adipogenic IGFBP2+ omental-specific population provides a new rationale for the biomedically relevant, limited adipogenic capacity of omental hASPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radiana Ferrero
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pernille Yde Rainer
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Rumpler
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Russeil
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Magda Zachara
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido van Mierlo
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gardeux
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wouter Saelens
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Alpern
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Favre
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Vionnet
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Styliani Mantziari
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Zingg
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Michel Suter
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Matter
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | | | - Carles Canto
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Mooli RGR, Zhu B, Khan SR, Nagati V, Michealraj KA, Jurczak MJ, Ramakrishnan SK. Epigenetically active chromatin in neonatal iWAT reveals GABPα as a potential regulator of beige adipogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1385811. [PMID: 38765953 PMCID: PMC11099907 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1385811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thermogenic beige adipocytes, which dissipate energy as heat, are found in neonates and adults. Recent studies show that neonatal beige adipocytes are highly plastic and contribute to >50% of beige adipocytes in adults. Neonatal beige adipocytes are distinct from recruited beige adipocytes in that they develop independently of temperature and sympathetic innervation through poorly defined mechanisms. Methods We characterized the neonatal beige adipocytes in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of C57BL6 postnatal day 3 and 20 mice (P3 and P20) by imaging, genome-wide RNA-seq analysis, ChIP-seq analysis, qRT-PCR validation, and biochemical assays. Results We found an increase in acetylated histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) on the promoter and enhancer regions of beige-specific gene UCP1 in iWAT of P20 mice. Furthermore, H3K27ac ChIP-seq analysis in the iWAT of P3 and P20 mice revealed strong H3K27ac signals at beige adipocyte-associated genes in the iWAT of P20 mice. The integration of H3K27ac ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis in the iWAT of P20 mice reveal epigenetically active signatures of beige adipocytes, including oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial metabolism. We identify the enrichment of GA-binding protein alpha (GABPα) binding regions in the epigenetically active chromatin regions of the P20 iWAT, particularly on beige genes, and demonstrate that GABPα is required for beige adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis and glucose oxidation assays revealed increased glycolytic activity in the neonatal iWAT from P20. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that epigenetic mechanisms regulate the development of peri-weaning beige adipocytes via GABPα. Further studies to better understand the upstream mechanisms that regulate epigenetic activation of GABPα and characterization of the metabolic identity of neonatal beige adipocytes will help us harness their therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Saifur R. Khan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Immunometabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Veerababu Nagati
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Michael J. Jurczak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sadeesh K. Ramakrishnan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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7
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Chen T, Sun M, Li B, Wang Y, Zhang J, Xu C, Yu Y, Yuan L, Wu Y. Identifying hypothermia death in a mouse model by ATR-FTIR. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:1179-1186. [PMID: 38191742 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The identification of hypothermia death (HD) is difficult for cadavers, especially the distinction from death due to alternative causes. A large number of studies have shown that brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays critical roles in thermoregulation of mammals. In this study, BAT of mice was used for the discrimination of HD using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). A modified mouse HD model conducted by Feeney DM was used in this study to obtain infrared spectra of BAT. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to establish discrimination models. The PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models exhibit prominent discriminative efficiency, and the accuracy of HD identification using fingerprint regions and ratios of absorption intensity is near 100% in both the calibration and validation sets. Our preliminary study suggests that BAT may be an extremely effective target tissue for identification of cadavers of HD, and ATR-FTIR spectra combined with chemometrics have also shown potential for cadaver identification in forensic practice in a fast and accurate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangdong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mao Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Changwei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yawen Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Li X, Su Y, Xu Y, Hu T, Lu X, Sun J, Li W, Zhou J, Ma X, Yang Y, Bao Y. Adipocyte-Specific Hnrnpa1 Knockout Aggravates Obesity-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction via Upregulation of CCL2. Diabetes 2024; 73:713-727. [PMID: 38320300 PMCID: PMC11043064 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism via mRNA processing. However, whether and how HNRNPA1 alters adipocyte function in obesity remain obscure. Here, we found that the obese state downregulated HNRNPA1 expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). The depletion of adipocyte HNRNPA1 promoted markedly increased macrophage infiltration and expression of proinflammatory and fibrosis genes in WAT of obese mice, eventually leading to exacerbated insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, HNRNPA1 interacted with Ccl2 and regulated its mRNA stability. Intraperitoneal injection of CCL2-CCR2 signaling antagonist improved adipose tissue inflammation and systemic glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, HNRNPA1 expression in human WAT was negatively correlated with BMI, fat percentage, and subcutaneous fat area. Among individuals with 1-year metabolic surgery follow-up, HNRNPA1 expression was positively related to percentage of total weight loss. These findings identify adipocyte HNRNPA1 as a link between adipose tissue inflammation and systemic metabolic homeostasis, which might be a promising therapeutic target for obesity-related disorders. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhong Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Meng Z, Liu C, Xu M, Tao Y, Li H, Wang X, Liao J, Wang M. Adipose transplantation improves metabolism and atherosclerosis but not perivascular adipose tissue abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe null mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1410-C1422. [PMID: 38525541 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00698.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adipose dysfunction in lipodystrophic SEIPIN deficiency is associated with multiple metabolic disorders and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. Recently, adipose transplantation has been found to correct adipose dysfunction and metabolic disorders in lipodystrophic Seipin knockout mice; however, whether adipose transplantation could improve lipodystrophy-associated cardiovascular consequences is still unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of adipose transplantation on lipodystrophy-associated metabolic cardiovascular diseases in Seipin knockout mice crossed into atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (Apoe) knockout background. At 2 months of age, lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice and nonlipodystrophic Apoe knockout controls were subjected to adipose transplantation or sham operation. Seven months later, mice were euthanized. Our data showed that although adipose transplantation had no significant impact on endogenous adipose atrophy or gene expression, it remarkably increased plasma leptin but not adiponectin concentration in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. This led to significantly reduced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. Consequently, atherosclerosis burden, intraplaque macrophage infiltration, and aortic inflammatory gene expression were all attenuated in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation. However, adipocyte morphology, macrophage infiltration, or fibrosis of the perivascular adipose tissue was not altered in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation, followed by no significant improvement of vasoconstriction or relaxation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that adipose transplantation could alleviate lipodystrophy-associated metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis but has an almost null impact on perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adipose transplantation (AT) reverses multiply metabolic derangements in lipodystrophy, but whether it could improve lipodystrophy-related cardiovascular consequences is unknown. Here, using Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice as a lipodystrophy disease model, we showed that AT partially restored adipose functionality, which translated into significantly reduced atherosclerosis. However, AT was incapable of reversing perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction. The current study provides preliminary experimental evidence on the therapeutic potential of AT on lipodystrophy-related metabolic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Meng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuangxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengke Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongqiang Tao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xijia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiawei Liao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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10
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Mota INR, Satari S, Marques IS, Santos JMO, Medeiros R. Adipose tissue rearrangement in cancer cachexia: The involvement of β3-adrenergic receptor associated pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189103. [PMID: 38679401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a complex multiple organ syndrome that significantly contributes to reduced quality of life and increased mortality among many cancer patients. Its multifactorial nature makes its early diagnosis and effective therapeutic interventions challenging. Adipose tissue is particularly impacted by cachexia, typically through increased lipolysis, browning and thermogenesis, mainly at the onset of the disease. These processes lead to depletion of fat mass and contribute to the dysfunction of other organs. The β-adrenergic signalling pathways are classical players in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism. They are activated upon sympathetic stimulation inducing lipolysis, browning and thermogenesis, therefore contributing to energy expenditure. Despite accumulating evidence suggesting that β3-adrenergic receptor stimulation may be crucial to the adipose tissue remodelling during cachexia, the literature remains controversial. Moreover, there is limited knowledge regarding sexual dimorphism of adipose tissue in the context of cachexia. This review paper aims to present the current knowledge regarding adipose tissue wasting during CAC, with a specific focus on the role of the β3-adrenergic receptor, placing it as a potential therapeutic target against cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês N R Mota
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Setareh Satari
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Soares Marques
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana M O Santos
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Research Department of the Portuguese League Against Cancer - Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro - Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Research Department of the Portuguese League Against Cancer - Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro - Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal; Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of the Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal.
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11
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Aragón-Herrera A, Feijóo-Bandín S, Vázquez-Abuín X, Anido-Varela L, Moraña-Fernández S, Bravo SB, Tarazón E, Roselló-Lletí E, Portolés M, García-Seara J, Seijas J, Rodríguez-Penas D, Bani D, Gualillo O, González-Juanatey JR, Lago F. Human recombinant relaxin-2 (serelaxin) regulates the proteome, lipidome, lipid metabolism and inflammatory profile of rat visceral adipose tissue. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116157. [PMID: 38518995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant human relaxin-2 (serelaxin) has been widely proven as a novel drug with myriad effects at different cardiovascular levels, which support its potential therapeutic efficacy in several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Considering these effects, together with the influence of relaxin-2 on adipocyte physiology and adipokine secretion, and the connection between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction and the development of CVD, we could hypothesize that relaxin-2 may regulate VAT metabolism. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of a 2-week serelaxin treatment on the proteome and lipidome of VAT from Sprague-Dawley rats. We found that serelaxin increased 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid and 6 lysophosphatidylcholines and decreased 4 triglycerides in VAT employing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) based platforms, and that regulates 47 phosphoproteins using SWATH/MS analysis. Through RT-PCR, we found that serelaxin treatment also caused an effect on VAT lipolysis through an increase in the mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and a decrease in the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), together with a reduction in the VAT expression of the fatty acid transporter cluster of differentiation 36 (Cd36). Serelaxin also caused an anti-inflammatory effect in VAT by the decrease in the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), chemerin, and its receptor. In conclusion, our results highlight the regulatory role of serelaxin in the VAT proteome and lipidome, lipolytic function, and inflammatory profile, suggesting the implication of several mechanisms supporting the potential benefit of serelaxin for the prevention of obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Aragón-Herrera
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra Feijóo-Bandín
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xocas Vázquez-Abuín
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Anido-Varela
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Moraña-Fernández
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Proteomics Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Estefanía Tarazón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esther Roselló-Lletí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Portolés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier García-Seara
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Arrhytmia Unit, Cardiology Department, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Seijas
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department Clinical Trial Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Penas
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department Clinical Trial Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniele Bani
- Research Unit of Histology & Embryology, Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Cardiology Department, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, IDIS, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Zhuo S, Bai M, Wang Z, Chen L, Li Z, Zhu X, Chen J, Ye X, Guo C, Chen Y. Glycogen synthesis is required for adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipose tissue and affects diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E696-E708. [PMID: 38568151 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00074.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Glycogen is a form of energy storage for glucose in different tissues such as liver and skeletal muscle. It remains incompletely understood how glycogen impacts on adipose tissue functionality. Cold exposure elevated the expression of Gys1 that encodes glycogen synthase 1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). The in vivo function of Gys1 was analyzed using a mouse model in which Gys1 was deleted specifically in adipose tissues. Under normal chow conditions, Gys1 deletion caused little changes to body weight and glucose metabolism. Deletion of Gys1 abrogated upregulation of UCP1 and other thermogenesis-related genes in iWAT upon prolonged cold exposure or treatment with β3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL-316,243. Stimulation of UCP1 by CL-316,243 in adipose-derived stromal cells (stromal vascular fractions, SVFs) was also reduced by Gys1 deletion. Both the basal glycogen content and CL-316,243-stimulated glycogen accumulation in adipose tissues were reduced by Gys1 deletion. High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance were aggravated in Gys1-deleted mice. The loss of body weight upon CL-316,243 treatment was also abrogated by the loss of Gys1. In conclusion, our results underscore the pivotal role of glycogen synthesis in adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipose tissue and its impact on diet-induced obesity in mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Glycogen is one of major types of fuel reserve in the body and its classical function is to maintain blood glucose level. This study uncovers that glycogen synthesis is required for beige fat tissue to generate heat upon cold exposure. Such a function of glycogen is linked to development of high-fat diet-induced obesity, thus extending our understanding about the physiological functions of glycogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Zhuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zinan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
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13
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Iacobini C, Vitale M, Haxhi J, Menini S, Pugliese G. Impaired Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue in Obesity and Aging: From Defective Adipogenesis to Adipose Organ Dysfunction. Cells 2024; 13:763. [PMID: 38727299 PMCID: PMC11083890 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The adipose organ adapts and responds to internal and environmental stimuli by remodeling both its cellular and extracellular components. Under conditions of energy surplus, the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) is capable of expanding through the enlargement of existing adipocytes (hypertrophy), followed by de novo adipogenesis (hyperplasia), which is impaired in hypertrophic obesity. However, an impaired hyperplastic response may result from various defects in adipogenesis, leading to different WAT features and metabolic consequences, as discussed here by reviewing the results of the studies in animal models with either overexpression or knockdown of the main molecular regulators of the two steps of the adipogenesis process. Moreover, impaired WAT remodeling with aging has been associated with various age-related conditions and reduced lifespan expectancy. Here, we delve into the latest advancements in comprehending the molecular and cellular processes underlying age-related changes in WAT function, their involvement in common aging pathologies, and their potential as therapeutic targets to influence both the health of elderly people and longevity. Overall, this review aims to encourage research on the mechanisms of WAT maladaptation common to conditions of both excessive and insufficient fat tissue. The goal is to devise adipocyte-targeted therapies that are effective against both obesity- and age-related disorders.
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14
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Nishimura Y. [Regulation of adipose progenitors and fibro-adipogenic progenitors through primary cilia]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2024:23108. [PMID: 38684399 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.23108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure of cell membrane, detects various signals and regulates cellular functions such as proliferation and differentiation. The impairment of primary cilium is associated with the etiologies of diseases including cancer, obesity, and congenital anomalies. In this review, novel functions of trichoplein, a suppressor of ciliogenesis, on the regulation of adipose progenitors and fibro-adipogenic progenitors are focused. Trichoplein-knockout mice show resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity and accelerated regeneration after skeletal muscle injury. The primary cilia of adipose progenitors from trichoplein-knockout mice are elongated, leading to the inhibitions of the accumulation of lipid raft to the base of primary cilia and the phosphorylation of AKT. The primary cilia of fibro-adipogenic progenitors from trichoplein-knockout mice are also elongated, causing the increased expression of IL-13 through IL-33 receptor signaling. These mechanisms are involved in the resistance to diet-induced obesity and improved regeneration. These findings suggest that targeting the primary cilia of specific cells may be a novel therapeutic approach through modulating cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
- Research Center for Cilia and Diseases, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
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15
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Gómez-Hernández A, de las Heras N, Gálvez BG, Fernández-Marcelo T, Fernández-Millán E, Escribano Ó. New Mediators in the Crosstalk between Different Adipose Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4659. [PMID: 38731880 PMCID: PMC11083914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ that regulates many physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, nutrition, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, body temperature, and immune response. In this review, we highlight the relevance of the different mediators that control adipose tissue activity through a systematic review of the main players present in white and brown adipose tissues. Among them, inflammatory mediators secreted by the adipose tissue, such as classical adipokines and more recent ones, elements of the immune system infiltrated into the adipose tissue (certain cell types and interleukins), as well as the role of intestinal microbiota and derived metabolites, have been reviewed. Furthermore, anti-obesity mediators that promote the activation of beige adipose tissue, e.g., myokines, thyroid hormones, amino acids, and both long and micro RNAs, are exhaustively examined. Finally, we also analyze therapeutic strategies based on those mediators that have been described to date. In conclusion, novel regulators of obesity, such as microRNAs or microbiota, are being characterized and are promising tools to treat obesity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-H.); (B.G.G.); (T.F.-M.); (E.F.-M.)
| | - Natalia de las Heras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-H.); (B.G.G.); (T.F.-M.); (E.F.-M.)
| | - Tamara Fernández-Marcelo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-H.); (B.G.G.); (T.F.-M.); (E.F.-M.)
| | - Elisa Fernández-Millán
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-H.); (B.G.G.); (T.F.-M.); (E.F.-M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Escribano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-H.); (B.G.G.); (T.F.-M.); (E.F.-M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Lin SX, Yang C, Jiang RS, Wu C, Lang DQ, Wang YL, Li XY, Jiang CP, Liu Q, Shen CY. Flavonoid extracts of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. Promote browning of white adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117749. [PMID: 38219880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obesity has become a public burden worldwide due to its booming incidence and various complications, and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is recognized as a hopeful strategy to combat it. Blossom of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. (CAVA) is a popular folk medicine and dietary supplement used for relieving dyspepsia, which is recorded in the Chinese Materia Medica. Our previous study showed that blossom of CAVA had anti-obesity potential, while its role in browning of WAT was still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to characterize the constituents in flavonoids from blossom of CAVA (CAVAF) and to clarify the anti-obesity capacities especially the effects on browning of WAT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gradient ethanol eluents from blossom of CAVA were obtained by AB-8 macroporous resin. 3T3-L1 cells and pancreatic lipase inhibition assay were employed to investigate the potential anti-obesity effects in vitro. HPLC and UPLC/MS assays were performed to characterize the chemical profiles of different eluents. Network pharmacology and molecular docking assays were used to reveal potential anti-obesity targets. Furthermore, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice were constructed to explore the anti-obesity actions and mechanisms in vivo. RESULTS 30% ethanol eluents with high flavonoid content and great inhibition on proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and pancreatic lipase activity were regarded as CAVAF. 19 compounds were identified in CAVAF. Network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that AMPK and PPARα were potential targets for CAVAF in alleviating obesity. Animal studies demonstrated that CAVAF intervention significantly decreased the body weight, WAT weight, serum TG, TC and LDL-C levels in HFD-fed obese mice. HFD-induced insulin resistance and morphological changes in WAT and brown adipose tissue were also markedly attenuated by CAVAF treatment. CAVAF supplementation potently inhibited iWAT inflammation by regulating IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA expression in iWAT of mice. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of thermogenic markers including Cyto C, ATP synthesis, Cidea, Cox8b and especially UCP1 in iWAT of mice were significantly up-regulated by CAVAF administration. CAVAF intervention also markedly increased the expression levels of PRDM16, PGC-1α, SIRT1, AMPK-α1, PPARα and PPARγ mRNA in iWAT of mice. CONCLUSION CAVAF treatment significantly promoted browning of WAT in HFD-fed mice. These results suggested that flavonoid extracts from blossom of CAVA were probably promising candidates for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Xia Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Chun Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Ru-Shan Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Deng-Qin Lang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Cui-Ping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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17
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Lambooij JM, Tak T, Zaldumbide A, Guigas B. A 30-color spectral flow cytometry panel for comprehensive analysis of immune cell composition and macrophage subsets in mouse metabolic organs. Cytometry A 2024. [PMID: 38651815 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-induced chronic low-grade inflammation, also known as metaflammation, results from alterations of the immune response in metabolic organs and contributes to the development of fatty liver diseases and type 2 diabetes. The diversity of tissue-resident leukocytes involved in these metabolic dysfunctions warrants an in-depth immunophenotyping in order to elucidate disease etiology. Here, we present a 30-color, full spectrum flow cytometry panel, designed to (i) identify the major innate and adaptive immune cell subsets in murine liver and white adipose tissues and (ii) discriminate various tissue-specific myeloid subsets known to contribute to the development of metabolic dysfunctions. This panel notably allows for distinguishing embryonically-derived liver-resident Kupffer cells from newly recruited monocyte-derived macrophages and KCs. Furthermore, several adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) subsets, including perivascular macrophages, lipid-associated macrophages, and pro-inflammatory CD11c+ ATMs, can also be identified. Finally, the panel includes cell-surface markers that have been associated with metabolic activation of different macrophage and dendritic cell subsets. Altogether, our spectral flow cytometry panel allows for an extensive immunophenotyping of murine metabolic tissues, with a particular focus on metabolically-relevant myeloid cell subsets, and can easily be adjusted to include various new markers if needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost M Lambooij
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar Tak
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Wu L, Xiao X, Deng J, Zhou Y, Li J, He S, Wang Y. Effects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on the Regulation of Free Fatty Acid Release in 3T3-L1 Cells. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2024. [PMID: 38654492 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the proliferation, differentiation, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced lipolysis of 3T3-L1 cells, and to explore the feasibility of regulating the release of free fatty acids (FFA) to prevent lipotoxicity. METHODS Different intensities (30, 60, 90, and 120 mW/cm2) of LIPUS were applied to 3T3-L1 preadipocytes for different durations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes). Appropriate parameters for subsequent experiments were selected by assessing cell viability. The effect of LIPUS on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was evaluated by microscope observation, flow cytometry, and lipid content determination. After treated with LIPUS and TNF-α (50 ng/mL), the degree of lipolysis was assessed by measuring the extracellular FFA content. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of relevant genes. RESULTS Different parameters of LIPUS significantly enhance the viability of 3T3-L1 cells (P < .05), with 20 minutes and 30 mW/cm2 as the most suitable settings. After LIPUS treatment, 3T3-L1 cell proliferation accelerated, apoptosis rate and G1 phase cell proportion decreased, the content of lipid droplets and TG was increased in differentiated cells, while FFA release decreased (P < .05). The expression of PCNA, PPARγ, C/EBPα, Perilipin A mRNA increased, and the expression of TNF-α, ATGL, HSL mRNA decreased (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS LIPUS could promote the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and inhibit TNF-α-induced lipolysis, indicating its potential as a therapy for mitigating lipotoxicity caused by decompensated adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinfang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sicheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Peng Y, Zhao L, Li M, Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhang J. Plasticity of Adipose Tissues: Interconversion among White, Brown, and Beige Fat and Its Role in Energy Homeostasis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:483. [PMID: 38672499 PMCID: PMC11048349 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, has emerged as a major public health concern worldwide. To develop effective strategies for treating obesity, it is essential to comprehend the biological properties of different adipose tissue types and their respective roles in maintaining energy balance. Adipose tissue serves as a crucial organ for energy storage and metabolism in the human body, with functions extending beyond simple fat storage to encompass the regulation of energy homeostasis and the secretion of endocrine factors. This review provides an overview of the key characteristics, functional differences, and interconversion processes among white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue. Moreover, it delves into the molecular mechanisms and recent research advancements concerning the browning of WAT, activation of BAT, and whitening of BAT. Although targeting adipose tissue metabolism holds promise as a potential approach for obesity treatment, further investigations are necessary to unravel the intricate biological features of various adipose tissue types and elucidate the molecular pathways governing their interconversion. Such research endeavors will pave the way for the development of more efficient and targeted therapeutic interventions in the fight against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jian Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519000, China; (Y.P.); (L.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.)
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20
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Hu Y, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Weng L, Cai Z, He B. The Different Shades of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue. Curr Obes Rep 2024:10.1007/s13679-024-00559-y. [PMID: 38607478 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW By providing a concise overview of adipose tissue types, elucidating the regulation of adipose thermogenic capacity in both physiological contexts and chronic wasting diseases (a protracted hypermetabolic state that precipitates sustained catabolism and consequent progressive corporeal atrophy), and most importantly, delving into the ongoing discourse regarding the role of adipose tissue thermogenic activation in chronic wasting diseases, this review aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the field. RECENT FINDINGS Adipose tissue, traditionally classified as white, brown, and beige (brite) based on its thermogenic activity and potential, is intricately regulated by complex mechanisms in response to exercise or cold exposure. This regulation is adipose depot-specific and dependent on the duration of exposure. Excessive thermogenic activation of adipose tissue has been observed in chronic wasting diseases and has been considered a pathological factor that accelerates disease progression. However, this conclusion may be confounded by the detrimental effects of excessive lipolysis. Recent research also suggests that such activation may play a beneficial role in the early stages of chronic wasting disease and provide potential therapeutic effects. A more comprehensive understanding of the changes in adipose tissue thermogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms, is essential for the development of novel interventions to improve health and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yijie Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yangjing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lvkan Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zhaohua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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21
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Mallardo M, Daniele A, Musumeci G, Nigro E. A Narrative Review on Adipose Tissue and Overtraining: Shedding Light on the Interplay among Adipokines, Exercise and Overtraining. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4089. [PMID: 38612899 PMCID: PMC11012884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, particularly physical inactivity, are closely linked to the onset of numerous metabolic diseases. Adipose tissue (AT) has been extensively studied for various metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and immune system dysregulation due to its role in energy metabolism and regulation of inflammation. Physical activity is increasingly recognized as a powerful non-pharmacological tool for the treatment of various disorders, as it helps to improve metabolic, immune, and inflammatory functions. However, chronic excessive training has been associated with increased inflammatory markers and oxidative stress, so much so that excessive training overload, combined with inadequate recovery, can lead to the development of overtraining syndrome (OTS). OTS negatively impacts an athlete's performance capabilities and significantly affects both physical health and mental well-being. However, diagnosing OTS remains challenging as the contributing factors, signs/symptoms, and underlying maladaptive mechanisms are individualized, sport-specific, and unclear. Therefore, identifying potential biomarkers that could assist in preventing and/or diagnosing OTS is an important objective. In this review, we focus on the possibility that the endocrine functions of AT may have significant implications in the etiopathogenesis of OTS. During physical exercise, AT responds dynamically, undergoing remodeling of endocrine functions that influence the production of adipokines involved in regulating major energy and inflammatory processes. In this scenario, we will discuss exercise about its effects on AT activity and metabolism and its relevance to the prevention and/or development of OTS. Furthermore, we will highlight adipokines as potential markers for diagnosing OTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mallardo
- Department of Molecular and Biotechnological Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE-Biotechnologies Advances S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Department of Molecular and Biotechnological Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE-Biotechnologies Advances S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotechnologies Advances S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Biological, Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via G. Vivaldi 42, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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22
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Speck SL, Wei X, Semenkovich CF. Depalmitoylation and cell physiology: APT1 as a mediator of metabolic signals. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1034-C1041. [PMID: 38344800 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00542.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
More than half of the global population is obese or overweight, especially in Western countries, and this excess adiposity disrupts normal physiology to cause chronic diseases. Diabetes, an adiposity-associated epidemic disease, affects >500 million people, and cases are projected to exceed 1 billion before 2050. Lipid excess can impact physiology through the posttranslational modification of proteins, including the reversible process of S-palmitoylation. Dynamic palmitoylation cycling requires the S-acylation of proteins by acyltransferases and the depalmitoylation of these proteins mediated in part by acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs) such as APT1. Emerging evidence points to tissue-specific roles for the depalmitoylase APT1 in maintaining homeostasis in the vasculature, pancreatic islets, and liver. These recent findings raise the possibility that APT1 substrates can be therapeutically targeted to treat the complications of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Speck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Xiaochao Wei
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
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23
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Zhao JY, Zhou LJ, Ma KL, Hao R, Li M. MHO or MUO? White adipose tissue remodeling. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13691. [PMID: 38186200 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the intricate relationship between white adipose tissue (WAT) remodeling and metabolic aspects in obesity, with a specific focus on individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). WAT is a highly heterogeneous, plastic, and dynamically secreting endocrine and immune organ. WAT remodeling plays a crucial role in metabolic health, involving expansion mode, microenvironment, phenotype, and distribution. In individuals with MHO, WAT remodeling is beneficial, reducing ectopic fat deposition and insulin resistance (IR) through mechanisms like increased adipocyte hyperplasia, anti-inflammatory microenvironment, appropriate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, appropriate vascularization, enhanced WAT browning, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SWAT) deposition. Conversely, for those with MUO, WAT remodeling leads to ectopic fat deposition and IR, causing metabolic dysregulation. This process involves adipocyte hypertrophy, disrupted vascularization, heightened pro-inflammatory microenvironment, enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening, and accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VWAT) deposition. The review underscores the pivotal importance of intervening in WAT remodeling to hinder the transition from MHO to MUO. This insight is valuable for tailoring personalized and effective management strategies for patients with obesity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yi Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Juan Zhou
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Le Ma
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Herrera-Marcos LV, Martínez-Beamonte R, Arnal C, Barranquero C, Puente-Lanzarote JJ, Lou-Bonafonte JM, Gonzalo-Romeo G, Mocciaro G, Jenkins B, Surra JC, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Alastrué-Vera V, Letosa J, García-Gil A, Güemes A, Koulman A, Osada J. Lipidomic signatures discriminate subtle hepatic changes in the progression of porcine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G411-G425. [PMID: 38375587 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00264.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in common strains of pigs has been achieved using a diet high in saturated fat, fructose, cholesterol, and cholate and deficient in choline and methionine. The aim of the present work was to characterize the hepatic and plasma lipidomic changes that accompany the progression of NASH and its reversal by switching pigs back to a chow diet. One month of this extreme steatotic diet was sufficient to induce porcine NASH. The lipidomic platform using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyzed 467 lipid species. Seven hepatic phospholipids [PC(30:0), PC(32:0), PC(33:0), PC(33:1), PC(34:0), PC(34:3) and PC(36:2)] significantly discriminated the time of dietary exposure, and PC(30:0), PC(33:0), PC(33:1) and PC(34:0) showed rapid adaptation in the reversion period. Three transcripts (CS, MAT1A, and SPP1) showed significant changes associated with hepatic triglycerides and PC(33:0). Plasma lipidomics revealed that these species [FA 16:0, FA 18:0, LPC(17:1), PA(40:5), PC(37:1), TG(45:0), TG(47:2) and TG(51:0)] were able to discriminate the time of dietary exposure. Among them, FA 16:0, FA 18:0, LPC(17:1) and PA(40:5) changed the trend in the reversion phase. Plasma LDL-cholesterol and IL12P40 were good parameters to study the progression of NASH, but their capacity was surpassed by hepatic [PC(33:0), PC(33:1), and PC(34:0)] or plasma lipid [FA 16:0, FA 18:0, and LPC(17:1)] species. Taken together, these lipid species can be used as biomarkers of metabolic changes in the progression and regression of NASH in this model. The lipid changes suggest that the development of NASH also affects peripheral lipid metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A NASH stage was obtained in crossbred pigs. Hepatic [PC(33:0), PC(33:1) and PC(34:0)] or plasma [FA 16:0, FA 18:0 and LPC(17:1)] species were sensitive parameters to detect subtle changes in development and regression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). These findings may delineate the liquid biopsy to detect subtle changes in progression or in treatments. Furthermore, phospholipid changes according to the insult-inducing NASH may play an important role in accepting or rejecting fatty livers in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis V Herrera-Marcos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Barranquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Puente-Lanzarote
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José M Lou-Bonafonte
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Fisiología, Medicina Legal y Forense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Gonzalo-Romeo
- Servicio General de Apoyo a la Investigación, División de Experimentación Animal, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gabriele Mocciaro
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Jenkins
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquín C Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Fisiología, Medicina Legal y Forense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Letosa
- Industrial Zootécnica Aragonesa S.L. (INZAR, S.L.), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Agustín García-Gil
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Güemes
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Allard C, Miralpeix C, López-Gambero AJ, Cota D. mTORC1 in energy expenditure: consequences for obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:239-251. [PMID: 38225400 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (sometimes referred to as the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; mTORC1) orchestrates cellular metabolism in response to environmental energy availability. As a result, at the organismal level, mTORC1 signalling regulates the intake, storage and use of energy by acting as a hub for the actions of nutrients and hormones, such as leptin and insulin, in different cell types. It is therefore unsurprising that deregulated mTORC1 signalling is associated with obesity. Strategies that increase energy expenditure offer therapeutic promise for the treatment of obesity. Here we review current evidence illustrating the critical role of mTORC1 signalling in the regulation of energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis through its various effects in neuronal circuits, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Understanding how mTORC1 signalling in one organ and cell type affects responses in other organs and cell types could be key to developing better, safer treatments targeting this pathway in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Allard
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Daniela Cota
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France.
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Li S, Fu Z, Zhang W. Association of anthropometric measures with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults: revisiting the obesity paradox. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:929. [PMID: 38556859 PMCID: PMC10983763 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that the obesity paradox exists in a variety of clinical settings, whereby obese individuals have lower mortality than their normal-weight counterparts. It remains unclear whether the association between obesity and mortality risk varies by anthropometric measures. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between various anthropometric measures and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults. METHODS This cohort study included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2009 and 2018, with a sample size of 28,353 individuals weighted to represent 231 million US adults. Anthropometric measurements were obtained by trained technicians using standardized methods. Mortality data were collected from the date of enrollment through December 31, 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline curves, and cumulative incidence analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 2091 all-cause deaths, 606 cardiovascular deaths, 519 cancer deaths, and 966 other-cause deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 5.9 years. The association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality risk was inversely J-shaped, whereas the association between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and mortality risk was positively J-shaped. There was a progressive increase in the association between the WHtR category and mortality risk. Compared with the reference category of WHtR < 0.5, the estimated hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 1.004 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.006) for WHtR 0.50-0.59, 1.123 (95% CI 1.120-1.127) for WHtR 0.60-0.69, 1.591 (95% CI 1.584-1.598) for WHtR 0.70-0.79, and 2.214 (95% CI 2.200-2.228) for WHtR ≥ 0.8, respectively. Other anthropometric indices reflecting central obesity also showed that greater adiposity was associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSIONS Anthropometric measures reflecting central obesity were independently and positively associated with mortality risk, eliminating the possibility of an obesity paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhiqing Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Outpatient, The Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
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27
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Zhang Y, Xue J, Zhu W, Wang H, Xi P, Tian D. TRPV4 in adipose tissue ameliorates diet-induced obesity by promoting white adipocyte browning. Transl Res 2024; 266:16-31. [PMID: 37926276 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The induction of adipocyte browning to increase energy expenditure is a promising strategy to combat obesity. Transient receptor potential channel V4 (TRPV4) functions as a nonselective cation channel in various cells and plays physiological roles in osmotic and thermal sensations. However, the function of TRPV4 in energy metabolism remains controversial. This study revealed the role of TRPV4 in adipose tissue in the development of obesity. Adipose-specific TRPV4 overexpression protected mice against diet-induced obesity (DIO) and promoted white fat browning. TRPV4 overexpression was also associated with decreased adipose inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, TRPV4 could directly promote white adipocyte browning via the AKT pathway. Consistently, adipose-specific TRPV4 knockout exacerbated DIO with impaired thermogenesis and activated inflammation. Corroborating our findings in mice, TRPV4 expression was low in the white adipose tissue of obese people. Our results positioned TRPV4 as a potential regulator of obesity and energy expenditure in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 057150, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
| | - Haomin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Pengjiao Xi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Derun Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China; Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Chen N, Zhao M, Wu N, Guo Y, Cao B, Zhan B, Li Y, Zhou T, Zhu F, Guo C, Shi Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang L. ACSS2 controls PPARγ activity homeostasis to potentiate adipose-tissue plasticity. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:479-496. [PMID: 38332049 PMCID: PMC11043345 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The appropriate transcriptional activity of PPARγ is indispensable for controlling inflammation, tumor and obesity. Therefore, the identification of key switch that couples PPARγ activation with degradation to sustain its activity homeostasis is extremely important. Unexpectedly, we here show that acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) critically controls PPARγ activity homeostasis via SIRT1 to enhance adipose plasticity via promoting white adipose tissues beiging and brown adipose tissues thermogenesis. Mechanistically, ACSS2 binds directly acetylated PPARγ in the presence of ligand and recruits SIRT1 and PRDM16 to activate UCP1 expression. In turn, SIRT1 triggers ACSS2 translocation from deacetylated PPARγ to P300 and thereafter induces PPARγ polyubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, D-mannose rapidly activates ACSS2-PPARγ-UCP1 axis to resist high fat diet induced obesity in mice. We thus reveal a novel ACSS2 function in coupling PPARγ activation with degradation via SIRT1 and suggest D-mannose as a novel adipose plasticity regulator via ACSS2 to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baihui Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Zhan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Jäger J, Vahav I, Thon M, Waaijman T, Spanhaak B, de Kok M, Bhogal RK, Gibbs S, Koning JJ. Reconstructed Human Skin with Hypodermis Shows Essential Role of Adipose Tissue in Skin Metabolism. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:499-511. [PMID: 38367122 PMCID: PMC10987437 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of skin metabolism is associated with a plethora of diseases such as psoriasis and dermatitis. Until now, reconstructed human skin (RhS) models lack the metabolic potential of native human skin, thereby limiting their relevance to study human healthy and diseased skin. We aimed to determine whether incorporation of an adipocyte-containing hypodermis into RhS improves its metabolic potential and to identify major metabolic pathways up-regulated in adipose-RhS. METHODS Primary human keratinocytes, fibroblasts and differentiated adipose-derived stromal cells were co-cultured in a collagen/fibrin scaffold to create an adipose-RhS. The model was extensively characterized structurally in two- and three-dimensions, by cytokine secretion and RNA-sequencing for metabolic enzyme expression. RESULTS Adipose-RhS showed increased secretion of adipokines. Both RhS and adipose-RhS expressed 29 of 35 metabolic genes expressed in ex vivo native human skin. Addition of the adipose layer resulted in up-regulation of 286 genes in the dermal-adipose fraction of which 7 were involved in phase I (CYP19A1, CYP4F22, CYP3A5, ALDH3B2, EPHX3) and phase II (SULT2B1, GPX3) metabolism. Vitamin A, D and carotenoid metabolic pathways were enriched. Additionally, pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33, IFN-α2, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10, IL-12p70) secretion was reduced in adipose-RhS. CONCLUSIONS Adipose-RhS mimics healthy native human skin more closely than traditional RhS since it has a less inflamed phenotype and a higher metabolic activity, indicating the contribution of adipocytes to tissue homeostasis. Therefore it is better suited to study onset of skin diseases and the effect of xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jäger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irit Vahav
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Tissue Function & Regeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Thon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco Waaijman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Spanhaak
- Systems Biology Lab, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael de Kok
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Koning
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hagberg CE, Spalding KL. White adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-associated pathologies in humans. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:270-289. [PMID: 38086922 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and associated chronic diseases continues to increase worldwide, negatively impacting on societies and economies. Whereas the association between excess body weight and increased risk for developing a multitude of diseases is well established, the initiating mechanisms by which weight gain impairs our metabolic health remain surprisingly contested. In order to better address the myriad of disease states associated with obesity, it is essential to understand adipose tissue dysfunction and develop strategies for reinforcing adipocyte health. In this Review we outline the diverse physiological functions and pathological roles of human white adipocytes, examining our current knowledge of why white adipocytes are vital for systemic metabolic control, yet poorly adapted to our current obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty L Spalding
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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31
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Fang W, Xie S, Deng W. Epicardial Adipose Tissue: a Potential Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:322-333. [PMID: 37848803 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
With increased ageing of the population, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the most important factor endangering human health worldwide. Although the treatment of CVD has become increasingly advanced, there are still a considerable number of patients with conditions that have not improved. According to the latest clinical guidelines of the European Cardiovascular Association, obesity has become an independent risk factor for CVD. Adipose tissue includes visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Many previous studies have focused on subcutaneous adipose tissue, but visceral adipose tissue has been rarely studied. However, as a type of visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has attracted the attention of researchers because of its unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. This review will systematically describe the physiological characteristics and evaluation methods of EAT and emphasize the important role and treatment measures of EAT in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Wan B, Zheng J, Chen L, Xuan Y, Zhang R, Chen Z, Hu C, Zhang Y, Yan C. Polystyrene nanoplastics inhibit beige fat function and exacerbate metabolic disorder in high-fat diet-fed mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170700. [PMID: 38331288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Global health concerns about micro- and nanoplastics are increasing. The newly discovered beige adipocytes play a vital role in energy homeostasis through their high thermogenic capacity upon activation. However, the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on beige adipocytes have not yet been studied. We investigated whether the effects of oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) on systemic metabolic performance can be induced by disrupting beige adipocyte function, and the potential mechanism. In the present study, C57BL/6J male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without PS-NPs exposure for 12 weeks to investigate the differences in metabolic performance. We also isolated stromal vascular fraction from C57BL/6J male mice to differentiate and prepare primary beige adipocyte cultures. Primary beige adipocytes were treated with PS-NPs on the sixth day of differentiation. The results showed that oral intake of PS-NPs exacerbated metabolic disorders of mice under HFD, including suppressed energy expenditure, increased fat mass and liver steatosis, decreased insulin sensitivity, disrupted glucose homeostasis, and decreased cold-tolerance capability compared with the control group. Intriguingly, we observed that, after a 12-week exposure, PS-NPs accumulated in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), a fat depot rich in beige adipocytes, further suppressing thermogenic gene programs, particularly the level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a master regulator in the browning process of beige adipocytes. These effects ultimately led to decreased energy expenditure and subsequent disorders of glucolipid metabolism. Mechanistically, we revealed that PS-NPs disrupt mitochondrial function and induce oxidative damage and inflammation in beige adipocytes to inhibit their function. These negative metabolic effects of PS-NPs were ameliorated by antioxidant supplementation. Our study is the first to demonstrate that PS-NPs exposure exacerbates metabolic disorder in HFD-fed mice by disrupting beige adipocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Baocheng Wan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiangfei Zheng
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ye Xuan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Yao T, Wei D, Tian X, Zhao L, Wan Q, Zhang X, Cai J, Li S, Diao B, Feng S, Shan B, Shao M, Wu Y. PDGFRβ + cell HIF2α is dispensable for white adipose tissue metabolic remodeling and hepatic lipid accumulation in obese mice. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:81. [PMID: 38509584 PMCID: PMC10953078 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with extensive white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and remodeling. Healthy WAT expansion contributes to the maintenance of energy balance in the liver, thereby ameliorating obesity-related hepatic steatosis. Tissue-resident mesenchymal stromal cell populations, including PDGFRβ + perivascular cells, are increasingly recognized pivotal as determinants of the manner in which WAT expands. However, the full array of regulatory factors controlling WAT stromal cell functions remains to be fully elucidated. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are critical regulators in WAT stromal cell populations such as adipocyte precursor cells (APCs). It is revealed that HIF1α activation within PDGFRβ + stromal cells results in the suppression of de novo adipogenesis and the promotion of a pro-fibrogenic cellular program in obese animals. However, the role of HIF2α in PDGFRβ + cells remains undetermined in vivo. METHODS New genetic models were employed in which HIF1α (encoded by the Hif1a gene) and HIF2α (encoded by the Epas1 gene) are selectively inactivated in PDGFRβ + cells in an inducible manner using tamoxifen (TAM). With these models, both in vitro and in vivo functional analysis of PDGFRβ + cells lacking HIF proteins were performed. Additionally, comprehensive metabolic phenotyping in diet-induced mouse models were performed to investigate the roles of PDGFRβ + cell HIF proteins in WAT remodeling, liver energy balance and systemic metabolism. RESULTS Unlike HIF1α inactivation, the new findings in this study suggest that inducible ablation of HIF2α in PDGFRβ + cells does not cause apparent effects on WAT expansion induced by obesogenic diet. The adipogenic ability of PDGFRβ + APCs is not significantly altered by genetic HIF2α ablation. Moreover, no difference of key parameters associated with healthy WAT remodeling such as improvements of WAT insulin sensitivity, reduction in metabolic inflammation, as well as changes in liver fat accumulation or systemic glucose metabolism, is detected in PDGFRβ + cell Epas1-deficient mice. CONCLUSION The new findings in this study support that, in contrast to HIF1α, PDGFRβ + cell HIF2α appears dispensable for WAT metabolic remodeling and the resulting effects on liver metabolic homeostasis in diet-induced obesity, underscoring the isoform-specific roles of HIFα proteins in the regulation of adipose tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danni Wei
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangyou Wan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Diao
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suihan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shan
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mengle Shao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Shi L, Yang J, Tao Z, Zheng L, Bui T, Alonso R, Yue F, Cheng Z. Loss of FoxO1 activates an alternate mechanism of mitochondrial quality control for healthy adipose browning. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:371-385. [PMID: 38469619 PMCID: PMC10932742 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue is hallmarked by increased mitochondrial density and metabolic improvements. However, it remains largely unknown how mitochondrial turnover and quality control are regulated during adipose browning. In the present study, we found that mice lacking adipocyte FoxO1, a transcription factor that regulates autophagy, adopted an alternate mechanism of mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial turnover and quality control during adipose browning. Post-developmental deletion of adipocyte FoxO1 (adO1KO) suppressed Bnip3 but activated Fundc1/Drp1/OPA1 cascade, concurrent with up-regulation of Atg7 and CTSL. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis was stimulated via the Pgc1α/Tfam pathway in adO1KO mice. These changes were associated with enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic health (e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity). By contrast, silencing Fundc1 or Pgc1α reversed the changes induced by silencing FoxO1, which impaired mitochondrial quality control and function. Ablation of Atg7 suppressed mitochondrial turnover and function, causing metabolic disorder (e.g., impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity), regardless of elevated markers of adipose browning. Consistently, suppression of autophagy via CTSL by high-fat diet was associated with a reversal of adO1KO-induced benefits. Our data reveal a unique role of FoxO1 in coordinating mitophagy receptors (Bnip3 and Fundc1) for a fine-tuned mitochondrial turnover and quality control, underscoring autophagic clearance of mitochondria as a prerequisite for healthy browning of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Jinying Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, U.S.A
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
| | - Tyler F. Bui
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Ramon L. Alonso
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
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Falch CM, Godang K, Lekva T, Ueland T, Heck A, Bollerslev J, Olarescu NC. Long-term depot specific changes in adipose tissue after treatment of acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:K37-K42. [PMID: 38401530 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with active acromegaly present a decreased adipose tissue (AT) mass, and short-term studies show that treatment leads to AT depot-specific gain. However, it remains unclear if the increase is persistent in the long-term perspective and/or is sex-dependent. DESIGN To characterize the depot-specific changes of AT after treatment of acromegaly and identify contributing factors. METHODS Adipose tissue, including visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and total (TAT), and android to gynoid ratio (A/G ratio) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at diagnosis (n = 62), and after treatment at short-term (median (IQR) 1.9 (1.5-2.3)) and long-term 5.5 (3.9-9.5) years, and correlated to clinical and biochemical measurements. Growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), glucose and HbA1c levels, gonadal status, and the presence of diabetes mellitus were recorded. Remission status was assessed at the long-term visit (IGF-1/ULN ≤ 1.3). Differences in the temporal course of AT from baseline to short- and long-term follow-up according to sex, diabetes, gonadal, and remission status were evaluated by mixed model analysis, adjusted for age. RESULTS Despite a stable body mass index, VAT and A/G ratio increased at both time points, whereas SAT mainly increased at short-term, plateauing afterwards (P < .05 for all). Visceral adipose tissue and A/G ratio were higher in men (P = .035 and P < .001), and the A/G ratio increased more than in women (P = .003). Glucose and HbA1c decreased short-term (P < .05) and remained stable at long-term. The increase in AT depots correlated with the decrease of disease activity at long-term. Remission status had no effect on changes in AT mass during follow-up. CONCLUSION Treatment of acromegaly leads to an increase in AT mass in a depot- and sex-specific manner both at short-term and long-term follow-up. Glucose metabolism improves rapidly after disease control and persists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla M Falch
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo (UIO), PO Box 1171 - Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, OUS, PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Godang
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, OUS, PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo (UIO), PO Box 1171 - Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, OUS, PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, PO Box 6050 - Langes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ansgar Heck
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Bollerslev
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo (UIO), PO Box 1171 - Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicoleta C Olarescu
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (OUS), PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo (UIO), PO Box 1171 - Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, OUS, PO Box 4950 - Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
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Zhou WY, Liu P, Xia YF, Shi YJ, Xu HY, Ding M, Yang QQ, Qian SW, Tang Y, Lu Y, Tang QQ, Liu Y. NR2F6 is essential for brown adipocyte differentiation and systemic metabolic homeostasis. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101891. [PMID: 38307386 PMCID: PMC10864868 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) development and function are essential for maintaining energy balance. However, the key factors that specifically regulate brown adipogenesis require further identification. Here, we demonstrated that the nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6 (NR2F6) played a pivotal role in brown adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. METHODS We examined the differentiation of immortalized brown adipocytes and primary brown adipocytes when NR2F6 were deleted, and explored the mechanism through which NR2F6 regulated adipogenesis using ChIP-qPCR in vitro. Male wild type (WT) and Pdgfra-Cre-mediated deletion of Nr2f6 in preadipocytes (NR2F6-PKO) mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, and adiposity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and inflammation were assessed. RESULTS NR2F6 exhibited abundant expression in BAT, while its expression was minimal in white adipose tissue (WAT). Within BAT, NR2F6 was highly expressed in preadipocytes, experienced a transient increase in the early stage of brown adipocyte differentiation, and significantly decreased in the mature adipocytes. Depletion of NR2F6 in preadipocytes inhibited brown adipogenesis, caused hypertrophy of brown adipocytes, and impaired thermogenic function of BAT, but without affecting WAT development. NR2F6 transcriptionally regulated PPARγ expression to promote adipogenic process in brown adipocytes. Loss of NR2F6 in preadipocytes led to increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unveiled NR2F6 as a novel key regulator of brown adipogenesis, potentially opening up new avenues for maintaining metabolic homeostasis by targeting NR2F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Wen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Rezvani R, Shadmand Foumani Moghadam MR, Cianflone K. Acylation stimulating protein/C3adesArg in the metabolic states: role of adipocyte dysfunction in obesity complications. J Physiol 2024; 602:773-790. [PMID: 38305477 DOI: 10.1113/jp285127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, as an endocrine organ, secretes several adipocyte-derived hormones named 'adipokines' that are implicated in regulating energy haemostasis. Substantial evidence shows that white adipose tissue-derived adipokines mediate the link between obesity-related exogenous factors (like diet and lifestyle) and various biological events (such as pre- and postmenopausal status) that have obesity consequences (cardiometabolic disorders). One of the critical aetiological factors for obesity-related diseases is the dysfunction of adipokine pathways. Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) is an adipokine that stimulates triglyceride synthesis and storage in adipose tissue by enhancing glucose and fatty acid uptake. ASP acts via its receptor C5L2. The primary objective of this review is to address the existing gap in the literature regarding ASP by investigating its diverse responses and receptor interactions across multiple determinants of obesity. These determinants include diet composition, metabolic disorders, organ involvement, sex and sex hormone levels. Furthermore, this article explores the broader paradigm shift from solely focusing on adipose tissue mass, which contributes to obesity, to considering the broader implications of adipose tissue function. Additionally, we raise a critical question concerning the clinical relevance of the insights gained from this review, both in terms of potential therapeutic interventions targeting ASP and in the context of preventing obesity-related conditions, highlighting the potential of the ASP-C5L2 interaction as a pharmacological target. In conclusion, these findings validate that obesity is a low-grade inflammatory status with multiorgan involvement and sex differences, demonstrating dynamic interactions between immune and metabolic response determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Katherine Cianflone
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie & Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Zhu Y, Cheng P, Peng J, Liu S, Xiang J, Xu D, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wang X, Luo C, Xu P, Sheng J. Cadmium exposure causes transcriptomic dysregulation in adipose tissue and associated shifts in serum metabolites. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108513. [PMID: 38382403 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal found in natural and industrial environments. Exposure to Cd can lead to various metabolic disturbances, notably disrupting glucose and lipid homeostasis. Despite this recognition, the direct impact of Cd exposure on lipid metabolism within adipose tissue, and the mechanisms underlying these effects, have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that Cd accumulates in adipose tissues of mice subjected to Cd exposure. Intriguingly, Cd exposure in itself did not induce significant alterations in the adipose tissue under normal conditions. However, when subjected to cold stimulation, several notable changes were observed in the mice exposed to Cd, including a reduction in the drop of body temperature, a decrease in the size of inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT), and an increase in the expression of thermogenic genes UCP1 and PRDM16. These results indicate that Cd exposure might enhance the responsiveness of adipose tissue to external stimuli and increase the energy expenditure of the tissue. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that Cd exposure altered gene expression profiles, particularly affecting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-mediated metabolic pathways, promoting metabolic remodeling in adipose tissue and resulting in the depletion of lipids stored in adipose tissue for energy. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of mouse serum showed that Cd exposure significantly disrupted metabolites and significantly increased serum fatty acid and triglyceride levels. Correspondingly, population-level data confirmed an association between Cd exposure and elevated levels of serum total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In summary, we provide substantial evidence of the molecular events induced by Cd that are relevant to the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. Our findings suggest that the toxic effects of Cd can impact adipocyte functionality, positioning adipose tissue as a critical target for metabolic diseases resulting from Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Junxuan Peng
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sishuo Liu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Chi Luo
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peiwei Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Sheng R, Li Y, Wu Y, Liu C, Wang W, Han X, Li Y, Lei L, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Hong B, Liu C, Xu Y, Si S. A pan-PPAR agonist E17241 ameliorates hyperglycemia and diabetic dyslipidemia in KKAy mice via up-regulating ABCA1 in islet, liver, and white adipose tissue. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116220. [PMID: 38308968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play crucial roles in regulating glucolipid metabolism. Previous studies showed that E17241 could ameliorate atherosclerosis and lower fasting blood glucose levels in ApoE-/- mice. In this work, we investigated the role of E17241 in glycolipid metabolism in diabetic KKAy mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS We confirmed that E17241 is a powerful pan-PPAR agonist with a potent agonistic activity on PPARγ, a high activity on PPARα, and a moderate activity on PPARδ. E17241 also significantly increased the protein expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1), a crucial downstream target gene for PPARs. E17241 clearly lowered plasma glucose levels, improved OGTT and ITT, decreased islet cholesterol content, improved β-cell function, and promoted insulin secretion in KKAy mice. Moreover, E17241 could significantly lower plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, reduce liver lipid deposition, and improve the adipocyte hypertrophy and the inflammatory response in epididymal white adipose tissue. Further mechanistic studies indicated that E17241 boosts cholesterol efflux and insulin secretion in an ABCA1 dependent manner. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that E17241 induced different expression of PPAR target genes in liver and adipose tissue differently from the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone. In addition, E17241 treatment was also demonstrated to have an exhilarating cardiorenal benefits. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that E17241 regulates glucolipid metabolism in KKAy diabetic mice while having cardiorenal benefits without inducing weight gain. It is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Sheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yining Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yexiang Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaowan Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinghong Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shunwang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bin Hong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chao Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yanni Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Shuyi Si
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100050, China.
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Wang J, Guan J, Huang L, Li X, Huang B, Feng J, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Sex differences in the associations between relative fat mass and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:738-754. [PMID: 38161128 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The novel sex-specific anthropometric equation relative fat mass (RFM) is a new estimator of whole-body fat %. The study aimed to investigate the predictive role of RFM in cardiometabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular disease (CVD), all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and explored potential sex differences. METHODS AND RESULTS The study analyzed data from 26,754 adults in NHANES 1999-2010, with a median follow-up of 13.8 years. The correlation between RFM and body composition as well as fat distribution assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was investigated. Weighted multivariable generalized linear models, Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline were applied to investigate the predictive role of RFM in metabolic markers, cardiovascular risk factors, CVD, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. RFM exhibited a robust correlation with both whole-body fat % and trunk fat %. Higher RFM exhibited a stronger association with impaired glucose homeostasis, serum lipids, the incidence of hypertension, and coronary heart disease in males, while a stronger association with C-reactive protein in females. A U-shaped association between RFM and all-cause mortality was observed only in males. The hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in males increased rapidly when RFM exceeded 30. However, in females, the HR of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality fluctuated until RFM exceeded 45, after which it increased rapidly. CONCLUSION RFM was a sex-specific estimator for both general and central obesity, sex-specific differences in predicting cardiometabolic abnormalities and adverse events using RFM might be partially attributed to differences in body composition and fat distribution between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jingyuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xinqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Boping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jiayu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Health Committee, Beijing 100037, China.
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Jussila A, Zhang B, Kirti S, Atit R. Tissue fibrosis associated depletion of lipid-filled cells. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15054. [PMID: 38519432 PMCID: PMC10977660 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is primarily described as the deposition of excessive extracellular matrix, but in many tissues it also involves a loss of lipid or lipid-filled cells. Lipid-filled cells are critical to tissue function and integrity in many tissues including the skin and lungs. Thus, loss or depletion of lipid-filled cells during fibrogenesis, has implications for tissue function. In some contexts, lipid-filled cells can impact ECM composition and stability, highlighting their importance in fibrotic transformation. Recent papers in fibrosis address this newly recognized fibrotic lipodystrophy phenomenon. Even in disparate tissues, common mechanisms are emerging to explain fibrotic lipodystrophy. These findings have implications for fibrosis in tissues composed of fibroblast and lipid-filled cell populations such as skin, lung, and liver. In this review, we will discuss the roles of lipid-containing cells, their reduction/loss during fibrotic transformation, and the mechanisms of that loss in the skin and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jussila
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sakin Kirti
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Radhika Atit
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Lopez-Yus M, Hörndler C, Borlan S, Bernal-Monterde V, Arbones-Mainar JM. Unraveling Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: Molecular Mechanisms, Novel Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets for Liver Fat Deposition. Cells 2024; 13:380. [PMID: 38474344 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT), once considered a mere fat storage organ, is now recognized as a dynamic and complex entity crucial for regulating human physiology, including metabolic processes, energy balance, and immune responses. It comprises mainly two types: white adipose tissue (WAT) for energy storage and brown adipose tissue (BAT) for thermogenesis, with beige adipocytes demonstrating the plasticity of these cells. WAT, beyond lipid storage, is involved in various metabolic activities, notably lipogenesis and lipolysis, critical for maintaining energy homeostasis. It also functions as an endocrine organ, secreting adipokines that influence metabolic, inflammatory, and immune processes. However, dysfunction in WAT, especially related to obesity, leads to metabolic disturbances, including the inability to properly store excess lipids, resulting in ectopic fat deposition in organs like the liver, contributing to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This narrative review delves into the multifaceted roles of WAT, its composition, metabolic functions, and the pathophysiology of WAT dysfunction. It also explores diagnostic approaches for adipose-related disorders, emphasizing the importance of accurately assessing AT distribution and understanding the complex relationships between fat compartments and metabolic health. Furthermore, it discusses various therapeutic strategies, including innovative therapeutics like adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)-based treatments and gene therapy, highlighting the potential of precision medicine in targeting obesity and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lopez-Yus
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlos Hörndler
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Pathology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sofia Borlan
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vanesa Bernal-Monterde
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Gastroenterology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Martins B, Bister A, Dohmen RGJ, Gouveia MA, Hueber R, Melzener L, Messmer T, Papadopoulos J, Pimenta J, Raina D, Schaeken L, Shirley S, Bouchet BP, Flack JE. Advances and Challenges in Cell Biology for Cultured Meat. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2024; 12:345-368. [PMID: 37963400 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-021022-055132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Cultured meat is an emerging biotechnology that aims to produce meat from animal cell culture, rather than from the raising and slaughtering of livestock, on environmental and animal welfare grounds. The detailed understanding and accurate manipulation of cell biology are critical to the design of cultured meat bioprocesses. Recent years have seen significant interest in this field, with numerous scientific and commercial breakthroughs. Nevertheless, these technologies remain at a nascent stage, and myriad challenges remain, spanning the entire bioprocess. From a cell biological perspective, these include the identification of suitable starting cell types, tuning of proliferation and differentiation conditions, and optimization of cell-biomaterial interactions to create nutritious, enticing foods. Here, we discuss the key advances and outstanding challenges in cultured meat, with a particular focus on cell biology, and argue that solving the remaining bottlenecks in a cost-effective, scalable fashion will require coordinated, concerted scientific efforts. Success will also require solutions to nonscientific challenges, including regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, and market feasibility. However, if these can be overcome, cultured meat technologies can revolutionize our approach to food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Arthur Bister
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Richard G J Dohmen
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Ana Gouveia
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Rui Hueber
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Lea Melzener
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Messmer
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Papadopoulos
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Joana Pimenta
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Dhruv Raina
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Lieke Schaeken
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Sara Shirley
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Benjamin P Bouchet
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Joshua E Flack
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
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Li S, Fu Z, Zhang W, Liu H. Impact of obesity on intensive care unit outcomes in older patients with critical illness: A cohort study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297635. [PMID: 38354125 PMCID: PMC10866459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the paradoxical association between obesity and improved survival has been reported in a variety of clinical settings, its applicability to intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes in older critically ill patients remains unclear. We sought to examine the association between obesity and 30-day mortality and other adverse outcomes in this population. METHODS We analyzed data of older patients (≥ 60 years) in the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Body mass index (BMI) was stratified according to the World Health Organization obesity classification. Logistic regression model was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs), and cubic spline curve was used to explore the nonlinear association between BMI and 30-day ICU outcomes. Stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed. RESULTS Compared with class I obesity, under- and normal-weight were associated with higher all-cause, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality, and class III obesity was associated with greater all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (OR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.06-1.32], 1.28 [1.08-1.51]). Obesity classes II and III were associated with higher composite all-cause mortality, mechanical ventilation, or vasoactive drug usage risks (OR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.04-1.20], 1.33 [1.24-1.43]). Mechanical ventilation was strongly positively associated with BMI. A significant BMI-by-sex interaction was observed for cardiovascular mortality, such that the association between severe obesity and mortality was more pronounced among older men than older women. CONCLUSIONS The obesity paradox does not appear to apply to short-term ICU outcomes in older patients with critical illness, mainly due to increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in severely obese patients, particularly in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqing Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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45
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Cunha E Rocha K, Ying W, Olefsky JM. Exosome-Mediated Impact on Systemic Metabolism. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:225-253. [PMID: 38345906 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042222-024535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that carry lipids, proteins, and microRNAs (miRNAs). They are released by all cell types and can be found not only in circulation but in many biological fluids. Exosomes are essential for interorgan communication because they can transfer their contents from donor to recipient cells, modulating cellular functions. The miRNA content of exosomes is responsible for most of their biological effects, and changes in exosomal miRNA levels can contribute to the progression or regression of metabolic diseases. As exosomal miRNAs are selectively sorted and packaged into exosomes, they can be useful as biomarkers for diagnosing diseases. The field of exosomes and metabolism is expanding rapidly, and researchers are consistently making new discoveries in this area. As a result, exosomes have great potential for a next-generation drug delivery platform for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cunha E Rocha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Wei Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
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Holman CD, Sakers AP, Calhoun RP, Cheng L, Fein EC, Jacobs C, Tsai L, Rosen ED, Seale P. Aging impairs cold-induced beige adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolic reprogramming. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.20.533514. [PMID: 36993336 PMCID: PMC10055201 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The energy-burning capability of beige adipose tissue is a potential therapeutic tool for reducing obesity and metabolic disease, but this capacity is decreased by aging. Here, we evaluate the impact of aging on the profile and activity of adipocyte stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) and adipocytes during the beiging process. We found that aging increases the expression of Cd9 and other fibro-inflammatory genes in fibroblastic ASPCs and blocks their differentiation into beige adipocytes. Fibroblastic ASPC populations from young and aged mice were equally competent for beige differentiation in vitro, suggesting that environmental factors suppress adipogenesis in vivo. Examination of adipocytes by single nucleus RNA-sequencing identified compositional and transcriptional differences in adipocyte populations with age and cold exposure. Notably, cold exposure induced an adipocyte population expressing high levels of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) genes, and this response was severely blunted in aged animals. We further identified natriuretic peptide clearance receptor Npr3, a beige fat repressor, as a marker gene for a subset of white adipocytes and an aging-upregulated gene in adipocytes. In summary, this study indicates that aging blocks beige adipogenesis and dysregulates adipocyte responses to cold exposure and provides a unique resource for identifying cold and aging-regulated pathways in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey D. Holman
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander P. Sakers
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan P. Calhoun
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lan Cheng
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ethan C. Fein
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linus Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan D. Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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47
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Costa DG, Ferreira-Marques M, Cavadas C. Lipodystrophy as a target to delay premature aging. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:97-106. [PMID: 37968143 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare diseases characterized by low levels and an abnormal distribution of adipose tissue, caused by diverse genetic or acquired causes. These conditions commonly exhibit metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and adipose tissue dysfunction. Moreover, genetic lipodystrophic laminopathies exhibit a premature aging phenotype, emphasizing the importance of restoring adipose tissue distribution and function. In this opinion, we discuss the relevance of adipose tissue reestablishment as a potential approach to alleviate premature aging and age-related complications in genetic lipodystrophy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela G Costa
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marisa Ferreira-Marques
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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48
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Zhang L, Cai X, Ma F, Qiao X, Ji J, Ma JA, Vergnes L, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Wu X, Boström KI. Two-step regulation by matrix Gla protein in brown adipose cell differentiation. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101870. [PMID: 38184275 PMCID: PMC10832489 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is intricately involved in adipose tissue development. BMP7 together with BMP4 have been implicated in brown adipocyte differentiation but their roles during development remains poorly specified. Matrix Gla protein (MGP) inhibits BMP4 and BMP7 and is expressed in endothelial and progenitor cells. The objective was to determine the role of MGP in brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. METHODS The approach included global and cell-specific Mgp gene deletion in combination with RNA analysis, immunostaining, thermogenic activity, and in vitro studies. RESULTS The results revealed that MGP directs brown adipogenesis at two essential steps. Endothelial-derived MGP limits triggering of white adipogenic differentiation in the perivascular region, whereas MGP derived from adipose cells supports the transition of CD142-expressing progenitor cells to brown adipogenic maturity. Both steps were important to optimize the thermogenic function of BAT. Furthermore, MGP derived from both sources impacted vascular growth. Reduction of MGP in either endothelial or adipose cells expanded the endothelial cell population, suggesting that MGP is a factor in overall plasticity of adipose tissue. CONCLUSION MGP displays a dual and cell-specific function in BAT, essentially creating a "cellular shuttle" that coordinates brown adipogenic differentiation with vascular growth during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
| | - Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Qiao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jaden Ji
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jocelyn A Ma
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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49
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Zhang S, Williams KJ, Verlande-Ferrero A, Chan AP, Su GB, Kershaw EE, Cox JE, Maschek JA, Shapira SN, Christofk HR, de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Masri S, Villanueva CJ. Acute activation of adipocyte lipolysis reveals dynamic lipid remodeling of the hepatic lipidome. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100434. [PMID: 37640283 PMCID: PMC10839691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the site of long-term energy storage. During the fasting state, exercise, and cold exposure, the white adipose tissue mobilizes energy for peripheral tissues through lipolysis. The mobilization of lipids from white adipose tissue to the liver can lead to excess triglyceride accumulation and fatty liver disease. Although the white adipose tissue is known to release free fatty acids, a comprehensive analysis of lipids mobilized from white adipocytes in vivo has not been completed. In these studies, we provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the adipocyte-secreted lipidome and show that there is interorgan crosstalk with liver. Our analysis identifies multiple lipid classes released by adipocytes in response to activation of lipolysis. Time-dependent analysis of the serum lipidome showed that free fatty acids increase within 30 min of β3-adrenergic receptor activation and subsequently decrease, followed by a rise in serum triglycerides, liver triglycerides, and several ceramide species. The triglyceride composition of liver is enriched for linoleic acid despite higher concentrations of palmitate in the blood. To further validate that these findings were a specific consequence of lipolysis, we generated mice with conditional deletion of adipose tissue triglyceride lipase exclusively in adipocytes. This loss of in vivo adipocyte lipolysis prevented the rise in serum free fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides. Furthermore, conditioned media from adipocytes promotes lipid remodeling in hepatocytes with concomitant changes in genes/pathways mediating lipid utilization. Together, these data highlight critical role of adipocyte lipolysis in interorgan crosstalk between adipocytes and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J Williams
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amandine Verlande-Ferrero
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alvin P Chan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gino B Su
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erin E Kershaw
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James E Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John Alan Maschek
- Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Suzanne N Shapira
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heather R Christofk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Q de Aguiar Vallim
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudio J Villanueva
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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50
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Zhao Y, Yue R. Aging adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Biogerontology 2024; 25:53-69. [PMID: 37725294 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of population aging, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is also rising. Aging affects the tissues and organs of the whole body, which is the result of various physiological and pathological processes. Adipose tissue has a high degree of plasticity and changes with aging. Aging changes the distribution of adipose tissue, affects adipogenesis, browning characteristics, inflammatory status and adipokine secretion, and increases lipotoxicity. These age-dependent changes in adipose tissue are an important cause of insulin resistance and T2D. Understanding adipose tissue changes can help promote healthy aging process. This review summarizes changes in adipose tissue ascribable to aging, with a focus on the role of aging adipose tissue in insulin resistance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rensong Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 39 Shi-Er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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