1
|
Zhang X, Gao X, Liu Z, Shao F, Yu D, Zhao M, Qin X, Wang S. Microbiota regulates the TET1-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation program in innate lymphoid cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4792. [PMID: 38839760 PMCID: PMC11153590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cell precursors (ILCPs) develop into distinct subsets of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) with specific functions. The epigenetic program underlying the differentiation of ILCPs into ILC subsets remains poorly understood. Here, we reveal the genome-wide distribution and dynamics of the DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in ILC subsets and their respective precursors. Additionally, we find that the DNA hydroxymethyltransferase TET1 suppresses ILC1 but not ILC2 or ILC3 differentiation. TET1 deficiency promotes ILC1 differentiation by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Throughout ILCP differentiation at postnatal stage, gut microbiota contributes to the downregulation of TET1 level. Microbiota decreases the level of cholic acid in the gut, impairs TET1 expression and suppresses DNA hydroxymethylation, ultimately resulting in an expansion of ILC1s. In adult mice, TET1 suppresses the hyperactivation of ILC1s to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Our findings provide insights into the microbiota-mediated epigenetic programming of ILCs, which links microbiota-DNA methylation crosstalk to ILC differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xintong Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Xiwen Qin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hanlon N, Gillan N, Neil J, Seidler K. The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in modulating intestinal ILC3s to optimise gut pathogen resistance in lupus and benefits of nutritional AhR ligands. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1199-1215. [PMID: 38631087 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysbiosis is emerging as a potential trigger of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are recognised as key regulators of intestinal homeostasis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is critical to intestinal ILC3 development and function. This mechanistic review aimed to investigate whether AhR activation of gut ILC3s facilitates IL-22-mediated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production to enhance colonisation resistance and ameliorate SLE pathology associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Furthermore, nutritional AhR ligand potential to enhance pathogen resistance was explored. METHODOLOGY This mechanistic review involved a three-tranche systematic literature search (review, mechanism, intervention) using PubMed with critical appraisal. Data was synthesised into themes and summarised in a narrative analysis. RESULTS Preclinical mechanistic data indicate that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s optimises pathogen resistance via IL-22-derived AMPs. Pre-clinical research is required to validate this mechanism in SLE. Data on systemic immune consequences of AhR modulation in lupus suggest UVB-activated ligands induce aberrant AhR signalling while many dietary ligands exert beneficial effects. Data on xenobiotic-origin ligands is varied, although considerable evidence has demonstrated negative effects on Th17 to Treg balance. Limited human evidence supports the role of nutritional AhR ligands in modulating SLE pathology. Preclinical and clinical data support anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands. CONCLUSION Current evidence is insufficient to fully validate the hypothesis that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s can enhance pathogen resistance to ameliorate lupus pathology driven by dysbiosis. However, anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands suggest a promising role as a therapeutic intervention for SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Hanlon
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Natalie Gillan
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - James Neil
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Karin Seidler
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao J, Liu C, Gu Z, Yang X, Lan X, Guo X. Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to intestinal inflammation through regulation of group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2820. [PMID: 38561332 PMCID: PMC10985070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
RORγt+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are essential for intestinal homeostasis. Dysregulation of ILC3s has been found in the gut of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, yet the specific mechanisms still require more investigation. Here we observe increased β-catenin in intestinal ILC3s from inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer patients compared with healthy donors. In contrast to promoting RORγt expression in T cells, activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ILC3s suppresses RORγt expression, inhibits its proliferation and function, and leads to a deficiency of ILC3s and subsequent intestinal inflammation in mice. Activated β-catenin and its interacting transcription factor, TCF-1, cannot directly suppress RORγt expression, but rather alters global chromatin accessibility and inhibits JunB expression, which is essential for RORγt expression in ILC3s. Together, our findings suggest that dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling impairs intestinal ILC3s through TCF-1/JunB/RORγt regulation, further disrupting intestinal homeostasis, and promoting inflammation and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Hao
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Gu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanming Yang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Lan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ali A, Wu L, Ali SS. Gut microbiota and acute kidney injury: immunological crosstalk link. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1345-1358. [PMID: 37749436 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, often called the "forgotten organ," plays a crucial role in bidirectional communication with the host for optimal physiological function. This communication helps regulate the host's immunity and metabolism positively and negatively. Many factors influence microbiota homeostasis and subsequently lead to an immune system imbalance. The correlation between an unbalanced immune system and acute diseases such as acute kidney injury is not fully understood, and the role of gut microbiota in disease pathogenesis is still yet uncovered. This review summarizes our understanding of gut microbiota, focusing on the interactions between the host's immune system and the microbiome and their impact on acute kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Ali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Abbassia Chest Hospital, MOH, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Respiratory Allergy, A Al-Rashed Allergy Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait, Kuwait.
| | - Liang Wu
- Yizheng Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Yizheng, 210008, China.
| | - Sameh Samir Ali
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang S, Gong X, Xiao F, Yang Y. Recent advances in host-focused molecular tools for investigating host-gut microbiome interactions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1335036. [PMID: 38605718 PMCID: PMC11007152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1335036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities in the human gut play a significant role in regulating host gene expression, influencing a variety of biological processes. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions, tools that can dissect signaling networks are required. In this review, we discuss recent advances in molecular tools used to study this interplay, with a focus on those that explore how the microbiome regulates host gene expression. These tools include CRISPR-based whole-body genetic tools for deciphering host-specific genes involved in the interaction process, Cre-loxP based tissue/cell-specific gene editing approaches, and in vitro models of host-derived organoids. Overall, the application of these molecular tools is revolutionizing our understanding of how host-microbiome interactions contribute to health and disease, paving the way for improved therapies and interventions that target microbial influences on the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Read E, Peña-Cearra A, Coman D, Jowett GM, Chung MWH, Coales I, Syntaka S, Finlay RE, Tachó-Piñot R, van Der Post S, Naizi U, Roberts LB, Hepworth MR, Curtis MA, Neves JF. Bi-directional signaling between the intestinal epithelium and type-3 innate lymphoid cells regulates secretory dynamics and interleukin-22. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:1-12. [PMID: 37952849 PMCID: PMC7615753 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Type-3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) respond to localized environmental cues to regulate homeostasis and orchestrate immunity in the intestine. The intestinal epithelium is an important upstream regulator and downstream target of ILC3 signaling, however, the complexity of mucosal tissues can hinder efforts to define specific interactions between these two compartments. Here, we employ a reductionist co-culture system of murine epithelial small intestinal organoids (SIO) with ILC3 to uncover bi-directional signaling mechanisms that underlie intestinal homeostasis. We report that ILC3 induce global transcriptional changes in intestinal epithelial cells, driving the enrichment of secretory goblet cell signatures. We find that SIO enriched for goblet cells promote NKp46+ ILC3 and interleukin (IL)-22 expression, which can feedback to induce IL-22-mediated epithelial transcriptional signatures. However, we show that epithelial regulation of ILC3 in this system is contact-dependent and demonstrate a role for epithelial Delta-Like-Canonical-Notch-Ligand (Dll) in driving IL-22 production by ILC3, via subset-specific Notch1-mediated activation of T-bet+ ILC3. Finally, by interfering with Notch ligand-receptor dynamics, ILC3 appear to upregulate epithelial Atoh1 to skew secretory lineage determination in SIO-ILC3 co-cultures. This research outlines two complimentary bi-directional signaling modules between the intestinal epithelium and ILC3, which may be relevant in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Read
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK
| | - Ainize Peña-Cearra
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Diana Coman
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Geraldine M Jowett
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew W H Chung
- Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Kinǵs College, London, UK; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Coales
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sofia Syntaka
- Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Kinǵs College, London, UK
| | - Rachel E Finlay
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Roser Tachó-Piñot
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sjoerd van Der Post
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Umar Naizi
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research and Social Care, Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Luke B Roberts
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College, London, UK; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael A Curtis
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joana F Neves
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shao T, Hsu R, Rafizadeh DL, Wang L, Bowlus CL, Kumar N, Mishra J, Timilsina S, Ridgway WM, Gershwin ME, Ansari AA, Shuai Z, Leung PSC. The gut ecosystem and immune tolerance. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103114. [PMID: 37748979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to the largest microbial population in the human body. The gut microbiota plays significant roles in the development of the gut immune system and has a substantial impact on the maintenance of immune tolerance beginning in early life. These microbes interact with the immune system in a dynamic and interdependent manner. They generate immune signals by presenting a vast repertoire of antigenic determinants and microbial metabolites that influence the development, maturation and maintenance of immunological function and homeostasis. At the same time, both the innate and adaptive immune systems are involved in modulating a stable microbial ecosystem between the commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Hence, the gut microbial population and the host immune system work together to maintain immune homeostasis synergistically. In susceptible hosts, disruption of such a harmonious state can greatly affect human health and lead to various auto-inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the interactions between the gut microbiota and immunity with an emphasis on: a) important players of gut innate and adaptive immunity; b) the contribution of gut microbial metabolites; and c) the effect of disruption of innate and adaptive immunity as well as alteration of gut microbiome on the molecular mechanisms driving autoimmunity in various autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tihong Shao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ronald Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Desiree L Rafizadeh
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Christopher L Bowlus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Narendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, ILR-College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, 1010 W. Ave B. MSC 131, Kingsville, TX, 78363, USA
| | - Jayshree Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, ILR-College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, 1010 W. Ave B. MSC 131, Kingsville, TX, 78363, USA
| | - Suraj Timilsina
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - William M Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aftab A Ansari
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Patrick S C Leung
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen Z, Guan D, Wang Z, Li X, Dong S, Huang J, Zhou W. Microbiota in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e417. [PMID: 37937304 PMCID: PMC10626288 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse bacterial populations within the symbiotic microbiota play a pivotal role in both health and disease. Microbiota modulates critical aspects of tumor biology including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This regulation occurs through mechanisms like enhancing genomic damage, hindering gene repair, activating aberrant cell signaling pathways, influencing tumor cell metabolism, promoting revascularization, and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. These microbiota-mediated effects significantly impact overall survival and the recurrence of tumors after surgery by affecting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Moreover, leveraging the microbiota for the development of biovectors, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, in addition to utilizing antibiotics, dietary adjustments, defensins, oncolytic virotherapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation, offers promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, due to the extensive and diverse nature of the microbiota, along with tumor heterogeneity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of microbiota in cancer remain a subject of intense debate. In this context, we refocus on various cancers, delving into the molecular signaling pathways associated with the microbiota and its derivatives, the reshaping of the tumor microenvironmental matrix, and the impact on tolerance to tumor treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This exploration aims to shed light on novel perspectives and potential applications in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shi Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Junjun Huang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hou JJ, Ma AH, Qin YH. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in inflammatory bowel disease: insights from gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1279172. [PMID: 37942478 PMCID: PMC10628454 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1279172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease that affects more than 3.5 million people, with rising prevalence. It deeply affects patients' daily life, increasing the burden on patients, families, and society. Presently, the etiology of IBD remains incompletely clarified, while emerging evidence has demonstrated that altered gut microbiota and decreased aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activity are closely associated with IBD. Furthermore, microbial metabolites are capable of AHR activation as AHR ligands, while the AHR, in turn, affects the microbiota through various pathways. In light of the complex connection among gut microbiota, the AHR, and IBD, it is urgent to review the latest research progress in this field. In this review, we describe the role of gut microbiota and AHR activation in IBD and discussed the crosstalk between gut microbiota and the AHR in the context of IBD. Taken as a whole, we propose new therapeutic strategies targeting the AHR-microbiota axis for IBD, even for other related diseases caused by AHR-microbiota dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue-Hua Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
White Z, Cabrera I, Kapustka I, Sano T. Microbiota as key factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1155388. [PMID: 37901813 PMCID: PMC10611514 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which is thought to occur due to dysregulation of the immune system allowing the host's cells to attack the GI tract and cause chronic inflammation. IBD can be caused by numerous factors such as genetics, gut microbiota, and environmental influences. In recent years, emphasis on commensal bacteria as a critical player in IBD has been at the forefront of new research. Each individual harbors a unique bacterial community that is influenced by diet, environment, and sanitary conditions. Importantly, it has been shown that there is a complex relationship among the microbiome, activation of the immune system, and autoimmune disorders. Studies have shown that not only does the microbiome possess pathogenic roles in the progression of IBD, but it can also play a protective role in mediating tissue damage. Therefore, to improve current IBD treatments, understanding not only the role of harmful bacteria but also the beneficial bacteria could lead to attractive new drug targets. Due to the considerable diversity of the microbiome, it has been challenging to characterize how particular microorganisms interact with the host and other microbiota. Fortunately, with the emergence of next-generation sequencing and the increased prevalence of germ-free animal models there has been significant advancement in microbiome studies. By utilizing human IBD studies and IBD mouse models focused on intraepithelial lymphocytes and innate lymphoid cells, this review will explore the multifaceted roles the microbiota plays in influencing the immune system in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teruyuki Sano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo C, Kong L, Xiao L, Liu K, Cui H, Xin Q, Gu X, Jiang C, Wu J. The impact of the gut microbiome on tumor immunotherapy: from mechanism to application strategies. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:188. [PMID: 37828613 PMCID: PMC10571290 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the fastest developing areas in the field of oncology. Many immunological treatment strategies for refractory tumors have been approved and marketed. Nevertheless, much clinical and preclinical experimental evidence has shown that the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumor treatment varies markedly among individuals. The commensal microbiome mainly colonizes the intestinal lumen in humans, is affected by a variety of factors and exhibits individual variation. Moreover, the gut is considered the largest immune organ of the body due to its influence on the immune system. In the last few decades, with the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and in-depth research, the view that the gut microbiota intervenes in antitumor immunotherapy through the immune system has been gradually confirmed. Here, we review important studies published in recent years focusing on the influences of microbiota on immune system and the progression of malignancy. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanism by which microbiota affect tumor immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT), and strategies for modulating the microbial composition to facilitate the antitumor immune response. Finally, opportunity and some challenges are mentioned to enable a more systematic understanding of tumor treatment in the future and promote basic research and clinical application in related fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huawei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Qingdao Road 3716#, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zogorean R, Wirtz S. The yin and yang of B cells in a constant state of battle: intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260266. [PMID: 37849749 PMCID: PMC10577428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, defined by a clinical relapse-remitting course. Affecting people worldwide, the origin of IBD is still undefined, arising as a consequence of the interaction between genes, environment, and microbiota. Although the root cause is difficult to identify, data clearly indicate that dysbiosis and pathogenic microbial taxa are connected with the establishment and clinical course of IBD. The composition of the microbiota is shaped by plasma cell IgA secretion and binding, while cytokines such as IL10 or IFN-γ are important fine-tuners of the immune response in the gastrointestinal environment. B cells may also influence the course of inflammation by promoting either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory milieu. Here, we discuss IgA-producing B regulatory cells as an anti-inflammatory factor in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we specify the context of IgA and IgG as players that can potentially participate in mucosal inflammation. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells in mouse infection models where IL10, IgA, or IgG contribute to the outcome of the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zogorean
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiang Q, Yan X, Shi W, Li H, Zhou K. Early gut microbiota intervention in premature infants: Application perspectives. J Adv Res 2023; 51:59-72. [PMID: 36372205 PMCID: PMC10491976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children under the age of five. One of the major factors contributing to the high risk of diseases and deaths in premature infants is the incomplete development of the intestinal immune system. The gut microbiota has been widely recognized as a critical factor in promoting the development and function of the intestinal immune system after birth. However, the gut microbiota of premature infants is at high risk of dysbiosis, which is highly associated with adverse effects on the development and education of the early life immune system. Early intervention can modulate the colonization and development of gut microbiota and has a long-term influence on the development of the intestinal immune system. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize the characterization, interconnection, and underlying mechanism of gut microbiota and intestinal innate immunity in premature infants, and to discuss the status, applicability, safety, and prospects of different intervention strategies in premature infants, thus providing an overview and outlook of the current applications and remaining gaps of early intervention strategies in premature infants. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review is focused on three key concepts. Firstly, the gut microbiota of premature infants is at high risk of dysbiosis, resulting in dysfunctional intestinal immune system processes. Secondly, contributing roles of early intervention have been observed in improving the intestinal environment and promoting gut microbiota colonization, which is significant in the development and function of gut immunity in premature infants. Thirdly, different strategies of early intervention, such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and nutrients, show different safety, applicability, and outcome in premature infants, and the underlying mechanism is complex and poorly understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanhang Xiang
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudong Yan
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China; The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rizk J, Mörbe UM, Agerholm R, Baglioni MV, Catafal Tardos E, Fares da Silva MGF, Ulmert I, Kadekar D, Viñals MT, Bekiaris V. The cIAP ubiquitin ligases sustain type 3 γδ T cells and ILC during aging to promote barrier immunity. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221534. [PMID: 37440178 PMCID: PMC10345214 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life cues shape the immune system during adulthood. However, early-life signaling pathways and their temporal functions are not well understood. Herein, we demonstrate that the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins 1 and 2 (cIAP1/2), which are E3 ubiquitin ligases, sustain interleukin (IL)-17-producing γ δ T cells (γδT17) and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) during late neonatal and prepubescent life. We show that cell-intrinsic deficiency of cIAP1/2 at 3-4 wk of life leads to downregulation of the transcription factors cMAF and RORγt and failure to enter the cell cycle, followed by progressive loss of γδT17 cells and ILC3 during aging. Mice deficient in cIAP1/2 have severely reduced γδT17 cells and ILC3, present with suboptimal γδT17 responses in the skin, lack intestinal isolated lymphoid follicles, and cannot control intestinal bacterial infection. Mechanistically, these effects appear to be dependent on overt activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway. Our data identify cIAP1/2 as early-life molecular switches that establish effective type 3 immunity during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Rizk
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Urs M. Mörbe
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Agerholm
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Elisa Catafal Tardos
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Isabel Ulmert
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Darshana Kadekar
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Caballero-Flores G, Pickard JM, Núñez G. Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:347-360. [PMID: 36539611 PMCID: PMC10249723 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A dense and diverse microbial community inhabits the gut and many epithelial surfaces. Referred to as the microbiota, it co-evolved with the host and is beneficial for many host physiological processes. A major function of these symbiotic microorganisms is protection against pathogen colonization and overgrowth of indigenous pathobionts. Dysbiosis of the normal microbial community increases the risk of pathogen infection and overgrowth of harmful pathobionts. The protective mechanisms conferred by the microbiota are complex and include competitive microbial-microbial interactions and induction of host immune responses. Pathogens, in turn, have evolved multiple strategies to subvert colonization resistance conferred by the microbiota. Understanding the mechanisms by which microbial symbionts limit pathogen colonization should guide the development of new therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Caballero-Flores
- Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Joseph M Pickard
- Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen Y, Wang Y, Fu Y, Yin Y, Xu K. Modulating AHR function offers exciting therapeutic potential in gut immunity and inflammation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:85. [PMID: 37179416 PMCID: PMC10182712 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a classical exogenous synthetic ligand of AHR that has significant immunotoxic effects. Activation of AHR has beneficial effects on intestinal immune responses, but inactivation or overactivation of AHR can lead to intestinal immune dysregulation and even intestinal diseases. Sustained potent activation of AHR by TCDD results in impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier. However, currently, AHR research has been more focused on elucidating physiologic AHR function than on dioxin toxicity. The appropriate level of AHR activation plays a role in maintaining gut health and protecting against intestinal inflammation. Therefore, AHR offers a crucial target to modulate intestinal immunity and inflammation. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the relationship between AHR and intestinal immunity, the ways in which AHR affects intestinal immunity and inflammation, the effects of AHR activity on intestinal immunity and inflammation, and the effect of dietary habits on intestinal health through AHR. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic role of AHR in maintaining gut homeostasis and relieving inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun CY, Yang N, Zheng ZL, Liu D, Xu QL. T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses to the gut microbiota in human diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114483. [PMID: 36906976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, is an indispensable "invisible organ" that affects multiple aspects of human health. The gut microbial community has been assumed to be an important stimulus to the immune homeostasis and development, and increasing data support the role of the gut microbiota-immunity axis in autoimmune diseases. Host's immune system requires recognition tools to communicate with the gut microbial evolutionary partners. Among these microbial perceptions, T cells enable the widest spectrum of gut microbial recognition resolution. Specific gut microbiota direct the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells in intestine. However, the detailed links between the gut microbiota and Th17 cells have not been well established. In this review, we describe the generation and characterization of Th17 cells. Notably, we discuss the induction and differentiation of Th17 cells by the gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as recent advances in our understanding of interactions between Th17 cells and the gut microbiota in human diseases. In addition, we provide the emerging evidences in support of interventions targeting the gut microbes/Th17 cells in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Sun
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Na Yang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | - Dong Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qi-Lin Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Y, Ge J, Zhao X, Xu M, Gou M, Xie B, Huang J, Sun Q, Sun L, Bai X, Tan S, Wang X, Dong C. Cell autonomous expression of BCL6 is required to maintain lineage identity of mouse CCR6+ ILC3s. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213808. [PMID: 36651876 PMCID: PMC9856750 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are similar to T helper (Th) cells in expression of cytokines and transcription factors. For example, RORγt is the lineage-specific transcription factor for both ILC3 and Th17 cells. However, the ILC counterpart for BCL6-expressing T follicular helper (Tfh) cells has not been defined. Here, we report that in the ILC compartment, BCL6 is selectively co-expressed with not only CXCR5 but also RORγt and CCR6 in ILC3 from multiple tissues. BCL6-deficient ILC3 produces enhanced levels of IL-17A and IL-22. More importantly, phenotypic and single-cell ATAC-seq analysis show that absence of BCL6 in mature ILC3 increases the numbers of ILC1 and transitional cells co-expressing ILC3 and ILC1 marker genes. A lineage-tracing experiment further reveals BCL6+ ILC3 to ILC1 trans-differentiation under steady state. Finally, microbiota promote BCL6 expression in colonic CCR6+ ILC3 and thus reinforce their stability. Collectively, our data have demonstrated that CCR6+ ILC3 have both Th17 and Tfh programs and that BCL6 expression in these cells functions to maintain their lineage identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Broad institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mengting Gou
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Xie
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinli Sun
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sangnee Tan
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China,Research Unit of Immune Regulation and Immune Diseases of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China,Correspondence to Chen Dong:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gonzalez-Visiedo M, Kulis MD, Markusic DM. Manipulating the microbiome to enhance oral tolerance in food allergy. Cell Immunol 2022; 382:104633. [PMID: 36347161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Loss of oral tolerance (OT) to food antigens results in food allergies. One component of achieving OT is the symbiotic microorganisms living in the gut (microbiota). The composition of the microbiota can drive either pro-tolerogenic or pro-inflammatory responses against dietary antigens though interactions with the local immune cells within the gut. Products from bacterial fermentation, such as butyrate, are one of the main communication molecules involved in this interaction, however, this is released by a subset of bacterial species. Thus, strategies to specifically expand these bacteria with protolerogenic properties have been explored to complement oral immunotherapy in food allergy. These approaches either provide digestible biomolecules to induce beneficial bacteria species (prebiotics) or the direct administration of live bacteria species (probiotics). While this combined therapy has shown positive outcomes in clinical trials for cow's milk allergy, more research is needed to determine if this therapy can be extended to other food allergens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gonzalez-Visiedo
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael D Kulis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David M Markusic
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tsutsuki H, Zhang T, Yahiro K, Toyomoto T, Sawa T. Non-canonical inflammasome activation analysis in a mouse model of Citrobacter rodentium infection. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101741. [PMID: 36201318 PMCID: PMC9535312 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of mice with Citrobacter rodentium is a useful model for studying the pathogenicity of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, pathogens that have a close association with humans. Here, we provide a protocol detailing the approaches for non-canonical inflammasome analysis in a mouse model of C. rodentium infection, including preparation of bacteria, oral administration of bacteria to mice, counting colony-forming units to quantify bacterial colonization, and analysis of expression and activation of inflammasome-related factors. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Tsutsuki et al. (2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kinnosuke Yahiro
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Touya Toyomoto
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) promotes intestinal group 3 innate lymphoid responses during Citrobacter rodentium infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5730. [PMID: 36175404 PMCID: PMC9522774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are crucial mediators of immunity and epithelial barrier function during immune responses against extracellular bacteria. Here, we identify Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), a transcription factor previously associated with type 1 immunity, as an essential regulator of intestinal ILC3 accumulation and effector cytokine production. We demonstrate that IRF-1 is upregulated in the context of infection with the enteropathogen Citrobacter rodentium and that its presence is central for anatomical containment and prevention of pathogen dissemination. We furthermore show that IRF-1 is required in order for intestinal ILC3s to produce large amounts of the protective effector cytokine IL-22 early in the course of infection. On a molecular level, our data indicate that IRF-1 controls ILC3 numbers and their activation by direct transcriptional regulation of the IL-12Rβ1 chain, thereby allowing ILCs to physiologically respond to IL-23 stimulation. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are involved with different immune responses. Here the authors show that Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) is important for intestinal ILC3 accumulation during Citrobacter rodentium infection and promotes release of the protective cytokine IL-22 and response to IL-23.
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang J, Zhang J, Wang X, Jin Z, Zhang P, Su H, Sun X. Effect of Probiotics on Respiratory Tract Allergic Disease and Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:821900. [PMID: 35295917 PMCID: PMC8920559 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.821900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction triggered by specific cell or antibody-mediated immune mechanisms. Allergies have increased in industrialized countries in recent decades. The rise in allergic respiratory diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA) is a potential threat to public health. Searches were conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Medline using the following key terms: allergic rhinitis OR asthma AND probiotics, allergic airway inflammation AND immune disorders, probiotics OR gut microbiota AND allergic disease, probiotics AND inflammatory. Studies from all years were included, specifically those published within the last 10 years. Some review articles and their reference lists were searched to identify related articles. The role of microbiota in respiratory allergic diseases has attracted more and more attention. Pieces of evidence suggested that the development of allergic diseases causes a possible imbalance in the composition of the gut microbiota. Compared to colonized mice, germ-free mice exhibit exaggerated allergic airway responses, suggesting that microbial host interactions play an important role in the development of allergic diseases. Probiotics modulate both the innate and adaptive inflammatory immune responses, often used as dietary supplements to provide health benefits in gastrointestinal disorders. Probiotics may serve as immunomodulators and activators of host defense pathways. Besides, oral probiotics can modulate the immune response in the respiratory system. Recently, studies in humans and animals have demonstrated the role of probiotic in RA and AA. To understand the characterization, microbiota, and the potential role of probiotics intervention of AA/AR, this review provides an overview of clinical features of AA and AR, probiotics for the prevention and treatment of AR, AA, changes in gut microbiota, and their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zenghui Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Geratology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang J, Fu L, Huang J, Zhao J, Zhang X, Wang W, Liu Y, Sun B, Qiu J, Hu X, Liu Z, Guo X. Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells Protect the Host from the Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Bladder. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103303. [PMID: 35018740 PMCID: PMC8867143 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are crucial in orchestrating immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis in various barrier tissues, but whether ILCs influence immune responses in the urinary tract remains poorly understood. Here, bladder-resident ILCs are comprehensively explored and identified their unique phenotypic and developmental characteristics. Notably, bladder-resident ILCs rapidly respond to uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection. It is found that ILC3 is necessary for early protection against UPEC infection in the bladder. Mechanistically, UPEC infection leads to interleukin (IL)-1β production in the bladder via a MyD88-dependent pathway, which promotes ILC3 activation. ILC3-expressed IL-17A further recruits neutrophils and controls UPEC infection in the bladder. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role for bladder ILCs in the host defense against UPEC infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyan Huang
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Liuhui Fu
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Jida Huang
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Yeyang Liu
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Ju Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and TumorShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for ImmunologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic DiseasesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Z, Chen WD, Wang YD. Nuclear receptors: a bridge linking the gut microbiome and the host. Mol Med 2021; 27:144. [PMID: 34740314 PMCID: PMC8570027 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome is the totality of microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi within the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiome plays key roles in various physiological and pathological processes through regulating varieties of metabolic factors such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and amino acids. Nuclear receptors, as metabolic mediators, act as a series of intermediates between the microbiome and the host and help the microbiome regulate diverse processes in the host. Recently, nuclear receptors such as farnesoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and vitamin D receptor have been identified as key regulators of the microbiome-host crosstalk. These nuclear receptors regulate metabolic processes, immune activity, autophagy, non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, and type-2 diabetes. Conclusion In this review, we have summarized the functions of the nuclear receptors in the gut microbiome-host axis in different physiological and pathological conditions, indicating that the nuclear receptors may be the good targets for treatment of different diseases through the crosstalk with the gut microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. .,School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, The People' Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Laursen MF, Sakanaka M, von Burg N, Mörbe U, Andersen D, Moll JM, Pekmez CT, Rivollier A, Michaelsen KF, Mølgaard C, Lind MV, Dragsted LO, Katayama T, Frandsen HL, Vinggaard AM, Bahl MI, Brix S, Agace W, Licht TR, Roager HM. Bifidobacterium species associated with breastfeeding produce aromatic lactic acids in the infant gut. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:1367-1382. [PMID: 34675385 PMCID: PMC8556157 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breastfeeding profoundly shapes the infant gut microbiota, which is critical for early life immune development, and the gut microbiota can impact host physiology in various ways, such as through the production of metabolites. However, few breastmilk-dependent microbial metabolites mediating host-microbiota interactions are currently known. Here, we demonstrate that breastmilk-promoted Bifidobacterium species convert aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine) into their respective aromatic lactic acids (indolelactic acid, phenyllactic acid and 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid) via a previously unrecognized aromatic lactate dehydrogenase (ALDH). The ability of Bifidobacterium species to convert aromatic amino acids to their lactic acid derivatives was confirmed using monocolonized mice. Longitudinal profiling of the faecal microbiota composition and metabolome of Danish infants (n = 25), from birth until 6 months of age, showed that faecal concentrations of aromatic lactic acids are correlated positively with the abundance of human milk oligosaccharide-degrading Bifidobacterium species containing the ALDH, including Bifidobacterium longum, B. breve and B. bifidum. We further demonstrate that faecal concentrations of Bifidobacterium-derived indolelactic acid are associated with the capacity of these samples to activate in vitro the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a receptor important for controlling intestinal homoeostasis and immune responses. Finally, we show that indolelactic acid modulates ex vivo immune responses of human CD4+ T cells and monocytes in a dose-dependent manner by acting as an agonist of both the AhR and hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA3). Our findings reveal that breastmilk-promoted Bifidobacterium species produce aromatic lactic acids in the gut of infants and suggest that these microbial metabolites may impact immune function in early life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Laursen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikiyasu Sakanaka
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nicole von Burg
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Urs Mörbe
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniel Andersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janne Marie Moll
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ceyda T Pekmez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Aymeric Rivollier
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Christian Mølgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mads Vendelbo Lind
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Takane Katayama
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Henrik L Frandsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Martin I Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - William Agace
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Immunology Section, BMC D14, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tine R Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Henrik M Roager
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu HB, Yang H, Allaire JM, Ma C, Graef FA, Mortha A, Liang Q, Bosman ES, Reid GS, Waschek JA, Osborne LC, Sokol H, Vallance BA, Jacobson K. Vasoactive intestinal peptide promotes host defense against enteric pathogens by modulating the recruitment of group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106634118. [PMID: 34625492 PMCID: PMC8521691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106634118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) control the formation of intestinal lymphoid tissues and play key roles in intestinal defense. They express neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor 2 (VPAC2), through which VIP modulates their function, but whether VIP exerts other effects on ILC3 remains unclear. We show that VIP promotes ILC3 recruitment to the intestine through VPAC1 independent of the microbiota or adaptive immunity. VIP is also required for postnatal formation of lymphoid tissues as well as the maintenance of local populations of retinoic acid (RA)-producing dendritic cells, with RA up-regulating gut-homing receptor CCR9 expression by ILC3s. Correspondingly, mice deficient in VIP or VPAC1 suffer a paucity of intestinal ILC3s along with impaired production of the cytokine IL-22, rendering them highly susceptible to the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium This heightened susceptibility to C. rodentium infection was ameliorated by RA supplementation, adoptive transfer of ILC3s, or by recombinant IL-22. Thus, VIP regulates the recruitment of intestinal ILC3s and formation of postnatal intestinal lymphoid tissues, offering protection against enteric pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bing Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada;
| | - Hyungjun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Joannie M Allaire
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Caixia Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Franziska A Graef
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Qiaochu Liang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Else S Bosman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Gregor S Reid
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - James A Waschek
- The Semel Institute and Department of Psychiatry, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Lisa C Osborne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Harry Sokol
- Gastroenterology Department, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, F-75012, France
- Institut national de la recherche agronomique, Micalis Institute and AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, F-78350, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédérations Hospitalo-universitaires, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Bruce A Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada;
| | - Kevan Jacobson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Le Guern R, Stabler S, Gosset P, Pichavant M, Grandjean T, Faure E, Karaca Y, Faure K, Kipnis E, Dessein R. Colonization resistance against multi-drug-resistant bacteria: a narrative review. J Hosp Infect 2021; 118:48-58. [PMID: 34492304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colonization resistance by gut microbiota is a fundamental phenomenon in infection prevention and control. Hospitalized patients may be exposed to multi-drug-resistant bacteria when hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers is not adequate. An additional layer of defence is provided by the healthy gut microbiota, which helps clear the exogenous bacteria and acts as a safety net when hand hygiene procedures are not followed. This narrative review focuses on the role of the gut microbiota in colonization resistance against multi-drug-resistant bacteria, and its implications for infection control. The review discusses the underlying mechanisms of colonization resistance (direct or indirect), the concept of resilience of the gut microbiota, the link between the antimicrobial spectrum and gut dysbiosis, and possible therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial stewardship is crucial to maximize the effects of colonization resistance. Avoiding unnecessary antimicrobial therapy, shortening the antimicrobial duration as much as possible, and favouring antibiotics with low anti-anaerobe activity may decrease the acquisition and expansion of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Even after antimicrobial therapy, the resilience of the gut microbiota often occurs spontaneously. Spontaneous resilience explains the existence of a window of opportunity for colonization of multi-drug-resistant bacteria during or just after antimicrobial therapy. Strategies favouring resilience of the gut microbiota, such as high-fibre diets or precision probiotics, should be evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Le Guern
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
| | - S Stabler
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - P Gosset
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Pichavant
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - T Grandjean
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - E Faure
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Y Karaca
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - K Faure
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - E Kipnis
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Service de Réanimation Chirurgicale, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - R Dessein
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France; Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ham J, Kim J, Choi S, Park J, Baek MG, Kim YC, Sohn KH, Cho SH, Yang S, Bae YS, Chung DH, Won S, Yi H, Kang HR, Kim HY. Interactions between NCR +ILC3s and the Microbiome in the Airways Shape Asthma Severity. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e25. [PMID: 34522438 PMCID: PMC8410993 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease whose development is shaped by a variety of environmental and genetic factors. While several recent studies suggest that microbial dysbiosis in the gut may promote asthma, little is known about the relationship between the recently discovered lung microbiome and asthma. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have also been shown recently to participate in asthma. To investigate the relationship between the lung microbiome, ILCs, and asthma, we recruited 23 healthy controls (HC), 42 patients with non-severe asthma, and 32 patients with severe asthma. Flow cytometry analysis showed severe asthma associated with fewer natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR)+ILC3s in the lung. Similar changes in other ILC subsets, macrophages, and monocytes were not observed. The asthma patients did not differ from the HC in terms of the alpha and beta-diversity of the lung and gut microbiomes. However, lung function correlated positively with both NCR+ILC3 frequencies and microbial diversity in the lung. Sputum NCR+ILC3 frequencies correlated positively with lung microbiome diversity in the HC, but this relationship was inversed in severe asthma. Together, these data suggest that airway NCR+ILC3s may contribute to a healthy commensal diversity and normal lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Ham
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungmi Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-gyung Baek
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Chan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hee Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Center for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Center for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- RexSoft Corps, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hana Yi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tuganbaev T, Honda K. Non-zero-sum microbiome immune system interactions. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2120-2136. [PMID: 34242413 PMCID: PMC8457126 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental asymmetries between the host and its microbiome in enzymatic activities and nutrient storage capabilities have promoted mutualistic adaptations on both sides. As a result, the enteric immune system has evolved so as not to cause a zero‐sum sterilization of non‐self, but rather achieve a non‐zero‐sum self‐reinforcing cooperation with its evolutionary partner the microbiome. In this review, we attempt to integrate the accumulated knowledge of immune—microbiome interactions into an evolutionary framework and trace the pattern of positive immune—microbiome feedback loops across epithelial, enteric nervous system, innate, and adaptive immune circuits. Indeed, the immune system requires commensal signals for its development and function, and reciprocally protects the microbiome from nutrient shortage and pathogen outgrowth. In turn, a healthy microbiome is the result of immune system curatorship as well as microbial ecology. The paradigms of host–microbiome asymmetry and the cooperative nature of their interactions identified in the gut are applicable across all tissues influenced by microbial activities. Incorporation of immune system influences into models of microbiome ecology will be a step forward toward defining what constitutes a healthy human microbiome and guide discoveries of novel host–microbiome mutualistic adaptations that may be harnessed for the promotion of human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timur Tuganbaev
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Honda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao C, Hu X, Bao L, Wu K, Feng L, Qiu M, Hao H, Fu Y, Zhang N. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation by Lactobacillus reuteri tryptophan metabolism alleviates Escherichia coli-induced mastitis in mice. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009774. [PMID: 34297785 PMCID: PMC8336809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota has been associated with the occurrence and development of mastitis, which is one of the most serious diseases of lactating women and female animals, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation by microbiota tryptophan metabolism-derived ligands is involved in maintaining host homeostasis and resisting diseases. We investigated whether AhR activation by microbiota-metabolic ligands could influence mastitis development in mice. In this study, we found that AhR activation using Ficz ameliorated mastitis symptoms, which were related to limiting NF-κB activation and enhancing barrier function. Impaired AhR activation by disturbing the intestinal microbiota initiated mastitis, and processed Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced mastitis in mice. Supplementation with dietary tryptophan attenuated the mastitis, but attenuation was inhibited by the intestinal microbiota abrogation, while administering tryptophan metabolites including IAld and indole but not IPA, rescued the tryptophan effects in dysbiotic mice. Supplementation with a Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) strain with the capacity to produce AhR ligands also improved E. coli-induced mastitis in an AhR-dependent manner. These findings provide evidence for novel therapeutic strategies for treating mastitis, and support the role of metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota in improving distal disease. Mastitis, a common disease for female during lactation period that could cause a health risk for humans or huge economic losses for animals, is caused by pathogen invasion. However, little is known about how host factors affect mastitis’ progression and outcome. Our previous study found that disrupting the intestinal microbiota exacerbated pathogen-induced mastitis, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Host cell surface receptors recognize intestinal microbiota-metabolized ligands to mediate downstream signal transduction is the primary manner for microbiota-host interactions. In this study, we determined microbiota-mediated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation alleviated E. coli-induced mastitis in mice. Insufficient AhR ligands production by disrupting the intestinal microbiota contributed to mastitis progression, but compensation host with dietary tryptophan, AhR ligands or probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri protected mice from E. coli-induced mastitis by rescuing AhR activation. Our founding provides direct evidence for a potential strategy for treating mastitis and as a basis for targeting microbiota-host interaction for diseases intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijuan Bao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Keyi Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianjun Feng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoyang Hao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stachyose inhibits vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus colonization and affects gut microbiota in mice. Microb Pathog 2021; 159:105094. [PMID: 34280500 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) caused nosocomial infections are rising globally. Multiple measures have been investigated to address this issue, altering gut microbiota through dietary intervention represents one of such effort. Stachyose can promote probiotic growth, which makes it a good candidate for potentially inhibiting VRE infection. This study aimed to determine whether stachyose inhibits VRE colonization and investigated the involvement of gut microbiota this effect of stachyose. In VRE-infection experiment, 6-week old female C57/6 J mice pre-treated with vancomycin were infected with 2 × 108 CFU VRE via gavage. These mice then received oral administration of stachyose or PBS as control for 7days. Two groups of uninfected mice were also received daily gavage of stachyose or PBS for 7 days to observe the impact of stachyose treatment on normal mice. Fresh fecal and colon samples were collected, then VRE colonization, gut microbiota and gene expression were respectively assessed using cultivation, 16s rRNA sequencing and RNA-sequencing in two parallel experiment, respectively. In VRE-infected mice, stachyose treatment significantly reduced VRE colonization on days 9 and 10 post-infection. Stachyose treatment increased the relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae, Parabacteroides, and Parabacteroides distasonis compared to the PBS-treated infection mice (P < 0.01). Uninfected mice treated with stachyose showed a significant increase in Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus compared to the PBS-treated uninfected mice(P < 0.05). RNA-sequencing results showed that stachyose treatment in VRE-infected mice increased expression of genes involved in TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. Stachyose treatment also up-regulated Hsd17b14, Cyp3a44, Arg1, and down-regulated Pnliprp2, Ces1c, Pla2g4c genes involving in metabolic pathway in uninfected mice. In conclusion, stachyose supplementation can effectively inhibit VRE colonization and probably altering composition of the microbiome, which can in turn result in changes in expression of genes. Stachyose may also benefit health by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus and expression of genes involving in metabolic pathway in normal mice.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu B, Liu N, Zhu X, Yang L, Ye B, Li H, Zhu P, Lu T, Tian Y, Fan Z. Circular RNA circZbtb20 maintains ILC3 homeostasis and function via Alkbh5-dependent m 6A demethylation of Nr4a1 mRNA. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1412-1424. [PMID: 33911218 PMCID: PMC8166869 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) play critical roles in innate immunity and gut homeostasis. However, how ILC3 homeostasis is regulated remains elusive. Here, we identified a novel circular RNA, circZbtb20, that is highly expressed in ILC3s and required for their maintenance and function. CircZbtb20 deletion causes reduced ILC3 numbers, increasing susceptibility to C. rodentium infection. Mechanistically, circZbtb20 enhances the interaction of Alkbh5 with Nr4a1 mRNA, leading to ablation of the m6A modification of Nr4a1 mRNA to promote its stability. Nr4a1 initiates Notch2 signaling activation, which contributes to the maintenance of ILC3 homeostasis. Deletion of Alkbh5 or Nr4a1 also impairs ILC3 homeostasis and increases susceptibilities to bacterial infection. Thus, our findings reveal an important role of circular RNA in the regulation of innate lymphoid cell homeostasis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenosine/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine/metabolism
- AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Demethylation
- Gastrointestinal Tract/immunology
- Homeostasis
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- RNA Stability
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liuliu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Buqing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimu Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiankun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zusen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
He Y, Fu L, Li Y, Wang W, Gong M, Zhang J, Dong X, Huang J, Wang Q, Mackay CR, Fu YX, Chen Y, Guo X. Gut microbial metabolites facilitate anticancer therapy efficacy by modulating cytotoxic CD8 + T cell immunity. Cell Metab 2021; 33:988-1000.e7. [PMID: 33761313 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies in both mice and humans have suggested that gut microbiota could modulate tumor responsiveness to chemo- or immunotherapies. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear yet. Here, we found that gut microbial metabolites, especially butyrate, could promote the efficacy of oxaliplatin by modulating CD8+ T cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Butyrate treatment directly boosted the antitumor cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses both in vitro and in vivo in an ID2-dependent manner by promoting the IL-12 signaling pathway. In humans, the oxaliplatin responder cancer patients exhibited a higher amount of serum butyrate than did non-responders, which could also increase ID2 expression and function of human CD8+ T cells. Together, our findings suggest that the gut microbial metabolite butyrate could promote antitumor therapeutic efficacy through the ID2-dependent regulation of CD8+ T cell immunity, indicating that gut microbial metabolites could be effective as a part of cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liuhui Fu
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingli Gong
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaoyan Huang
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Quanbo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Charles R Mackay
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Research center for clinical oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang J, Lee HY, Zhao X, Han J, Su Y, Sun Q, Shao J, Ge J, Zhao Y, Bai X, He Y, Wang X, Wang X, Dong C. Interleukin-17D regulates group 3 innate lymphoid cell function through its receptor CD93. Immunity 2021; 54:673-686.e4. [PMID: 33852831 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-17 family, consisting of six members, promotes host defense but can in some context promote the development of autoimmune disease. Here, we examined the role of IL-17D, a poorly understood member in the IL-17 family. IL-17D was expressed primarily by colonic epithelial cells. Il17d-/- mice were more susceptible to acute colitis, bacterial infection and experimentally induced colon cancer than their wildtype counterparts. Il17d deficiency impaired IL-22 production by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and reduced expression of IL-22-dependent antimicrobial peptides, RegIIIβ and RegIIIγ, in colon tissue at steady state and in colitis; this was associated with changes in microbial composition and dysbiosis. Protein purification studies revealed that IL-17D bound not canonical IL-17 receptors, but rather CD93, a glycoprotein expressed on mature ILC3s. Mice lacking Cd93 in ILC3s exhibited impaired IL-22 production and aggravated colonic inflammation in experimental colitis. Thus, an IL-17D-CD93 axis regulates ILC3 function to preserve intestinal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Huang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hae-Youn Lee
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinyi Han
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Su
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinli Sun
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiwan Ge
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi He
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the maintenance of health, it is hypothesized to drive morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. This review describes the relationship between the gut microbiome and the immune system in critical illness. RECENT FINDINGS The gut microbiome is converted to a pathobiome in the ICU, characterized by decreased microbial diversity and pathogen predominance. These changes are induced by a pathologic microenvironment and are further exacerbated by common medical treatments initiated in the ICU. The conversion of the microbiome to a pathobiome has direct consequences on the regulation of inflammation and immunity by loss of beneficial host responses and initiation of maladaptive changes that can further propagate critical illness. SUMMARY The gut microbiome is dramatically altered in the ICU. In light of constant crosstalk between the microbiome and the host immune system, the pathobiome may play a key mechanistic role in driving a maladaptive response in critically ill patients. The pathobiome represents a potential therapeutic target in the management of critical illness whereby restoration of a healthier microbiome may directly alter the host inflammatory response, which could lead to improved patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Miniet
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston
| | - Jocelyn R Grunwell
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston
| | - Craig M Coopersmith
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gut Microbiota-Host Interactions in Inborn Errors of Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031416. [PMID: 33572538 PMCID: PMC7866830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of disorders that are mostly caused by genetic mutations affecting immune host defense and immune regulation. Although IEI present with a wide spectrum of clinical features, in about one third of them various degrees of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement have been described and for some IEI the GI manifestations represent the main and peculiar clinical feature. The microbiome plays critical roles in the education and function of the host's innate and adaptive immune system, and imbalances in microbiota-immunity interactions can contribute to intestinal pathogenesis. Microbial dysbiosis combined to the impairment of immunosurveillance and immune dysfunction in IEI, may favor mucosal permeability and lead to inflammation. Here we review how immune homeostasis between commensals and the host is established in the gut, and how these mechanisms can be disrupted in the context of primary immunodeficiencies. Additionally, we highlight key aspects of the first studies on gut microbiome in patients affected by IEI and discuss how gut microbiome could be harnessed as a therapeutic approach in these diseases.
Collapse
|
37
|
A mouse model of Citrobacter rodentium oral infection and evaluation of innate and adaptive immune responses. STAR Protoc 2020; 1:100218. [PMID: 33377111 PMCID: PMC7757659 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an extracellular enteric bacterial pathogen that induces both innate and adaptive immunity in mice, its natural host. Here, we detail the step-by-step procedure to evaluate the immune responses in a mouse model of C. rodentium infection. We describe the methods to establish infection, isolate group 3 innate lymphoid cells from lamina propria lymphocytes, and analyze their response. We also assess the response of T follicular helper cells and germinal center B cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Guo et al. (2015), Kennedy and Hartland, (2018), and Wang et al. (2020).
Collapse
|
38
|
Cherrier M, Ramachandran G, Golub R. The interplay between innate lymphoid cells and T cells. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:732-742. [PMID: 32651476 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ILCs and T cells are closely related functionally but they significantly differ in their ability to circulate, expand, and renew. Cooperation and reciprocal functional regulation suggest that these cell types are more complementary than simply redundant during immune responses. How ILCs shape T-cell responses is strongly dependent on the tissue and inflammatory context. Likewise, indirect regulation of ILCs by adaptive immunity is induced by environmental cues such as the gut microbiota. Here, we review shared requirements for the development and function of both cell types and divergences in the orchestration of prototypic immune functions. We discuss the diversity of functional interactions between T cells and ILCs during homeostasis and immune responses. Identifying the location and the nature of the tissue microenvironment in which these interactions are taking place may uncover the remaining mysteries of their close encounters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cherrier
- Laboratoire d'Immunité Intestinale, Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Gayetri Ramachandran
- Host-Microbiota Interaction, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Golub
- Unité Lymphocytes et Immunité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,INSERM U1223, Paris, France. .,Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
An inducible circular RNA circKcnt2 inhibits ILC3 activation to facilitate colitis resolution. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4076. [PMID: 32796851 PMCID: PMC7427797 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are an important regulator for immunity, inflammation and tissue homeostasis in the intestine, but how ILC3 activation is regulated remains elusive. Here we identify a new circular RNA (circRNA) circKcnt2 that is induced in ILC3s during intestinal inflammation. Deletion of circKcnt2 causes gut ILC3 activation and severe colitis in mice. Mechanistically, circKcnt2, as a nuclear circRNA, recruits the nucleosome remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) complex onto Batf promoter to inhibit Batf expression; this in turn suppresses Il17 expression and thereby ILC3 inactivation to promote innate colitis resolution. Furthermore, Mbd3−/−Rag1−/− and circKcnt2−/−Rag1−/− mice develop severe innate colitis following dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatments, while simultaneous deletion of Batf promotes colitis resolution. In summary, our data support a function of the circRNA circKcnt2 in regulating ILC3 inactivation and resolution of innate colitis. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are involved in maintaining gut immune homeostasis. Here the authors identify a circular RNA, circKcnt2, to be induced in ILC3s from inflamed gut, yet circKcnt2 deletion aggravates mouse experimental colitis, thereby implicating circKcnt2 as a potential feedback regulator of ILC3 activation and gut immunity.
Collapse
|
40
|
Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in AhR deficient hosts is severe and associated with defective Treg and Th22 responses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11312. [PMID: 32647342 PMCID: PMC7347857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the innate and adaptive immune responses. In infection models, it has been associated with host responses that promote or inhibit disease progression. In pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis, a primary fungal infection endemic in Latin America, immune protection is mediated by Th1/Th17 cells and disease severity with predominant Th2/Th9/Treg responses. Because of its important role at epithelial barriers, we evaluate the role of AhR in the outcome of a pulmonary model of paracoccidioidomycosis. AhR−/− mice show increased fungal burdens, enhanced tissue pathology and mortality. During the infection, AhR−/− mice have more pulmonary myeloid cells with activated phenotype and reduced numbers expressing indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1. AhR-deficient lungs have altered production of cytokines and reduced numbers of innate lymphoid cells (NK, ILC3 and NCR IL-22). The lungs of AhR−/− mice showed increased presence Th17 cells concomitant with reduced numbers of Th1, Th22 and Foxp3+ Treg cells. Furthermore, treatment of infected WT mice with an AhR-specific antagonist (CH223191) reproduced the main findings obtained in AhR−/− mice. Collectively our data demonstrate that in pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis AhR controls fungal burden and excessive tissue inflammation and is a possible target for antifungal therapy.
Collapse
|
41
|
Nettleford SK, Zhao L, Qian F, Herold M, Arner B, Desai D, Amin S, Xiong N, Singh V, Carlson BA, Prabhu KS. The Essential Role of Selenoproteins in the Resolution of Citrobacter rodentium-Induced Intestinal Inflammation. Front Nutr 2020; 7:96. [PMID: 32775340 PMCID: PMC7381334 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) leads to adverse colonic inflammation associated with poor resolution of inflammation and loss of epithelial integrity. Micronutrient trace element selenium (Se) is incorporated into selenoproteins as the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec). Previous studies have shown that such an incorporation of Sec into the selenoproteome is key for the anti-inflammatory functions of Se in macrophages and other immune cells. An intriguing mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of Se stems from the ability of selenoproteins to skew arachidonic acid metabolism from pro-inflammatory mediators, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) toward anti-inflammatory mediators derived from PGD2, such as 15-deoxy-Δ12, 14- prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), via eicosanoid class switching of bioactive lipids. The impact of Se and such an eicosanoid-class switching mechanism was tested in an enteric infection model of gut inflammation by C. rodentium, a murine equivalent of EPEC. C57BL/6 mice deficient in Se (Se-D) experienced higher mortality when compared to those on Se adequate (0.08 ppm Se) and Se supplemented (0.4 ppm Se) diets following infection. Decreased survival was associated with decreased group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in colonic lamina propria of Se-D mice along with deceased expression of epithelial barrier protein Zo-1. Inhibition of metabolic inactivation of PGE2 by 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase blocked the Se-dependent increase in ILC3 and Th17 cells in addition to reducing epithelial barrier integrity, as seen by increased systemic levels of FITC-dextran following oral administration; while 15d-PGJ2 administration in Se-D mice alleviated the effects by increasing ILC3 and Th17 cells. Mice lacking selenoproteins in monocyte/macrophages via the conditional deletion of the tRNA[Sec] showed increased mortality post infection. Our studies indicate a crucial role for dietary Se in the protection against inflammation following enteric infection via immune mechanisms involving epithelial barrier integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaneice K Nettleford
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Luming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Fenghua Qian
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Morgan Herold
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Brooke Arner
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Organic Synthesis Core Laboratory, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Organic Synthesis Core Laboratory, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang W, Li Y, Hao J, He Y, Dong X, Fu YX, Guo X. The Interaction between Lymphoid Tissue Inducer-Like Cells and T Cells in the Mesenteric Lymph Node Restrains Intestinal Humoral Immunity. Cell Rep 2020; 32:107936. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
43
|
Abstract
The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system development and function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis and disease. The microbiome plays critical roles in the training and development of major components of the host's innate and adaptive immune system, while the immune system orchestrates the maintenance of key features of host-microbe symbiosis. In a genetically susceptible host, imbalances in microbiota-immunity interactions under defined environmental contexts are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of a multitude of immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review features of microbiome-immunity crosstalk and their roles in health and disease, while providing examples of molecular mechanisms orchestrating these interactions in the intestine and extra-intestinal organs. We highlight aspects of the current knowledge, challenges and limitations in achieving causal understanding of host immune-microbiome interactions, as well as their impact on immune-mediated diseases, and discuss how these insights may translate towards future development of microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
|
44
|
Zheng D, Liwinski T, Elinav E. Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease. Cell Res 2020; 30:492-506. [PMID: 32433595 PMCID: PMC7264227 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1493] [Impact Index Per Article: 373.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system development and function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis and disease. The microbiome plays critical roles in the training and development of major components of the host's innate and adaptive immune system, while the immune system orchestrates the maintenance of key features of host-microbe symbiosis. In a genetically susceptible host, imbalances in microbiota-immunity interactions under defined environmental contexts are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of a multitude of immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review features of microbiome-immunity crosstalk and their roles in health and disease, while providing examples of molecular mechanisms orchestrating these interactions in the intestine and extra-intestinal organs. We highlight aspects of the current knowledge, challenges and limitations in achieving causal understanding of host immune-microbiome interactions, as well as their impact on immune-mediated diseases, and discuss how these insights may translate towards future development of microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zheng
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Timur Liwinski
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.,1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eran Elinav
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel. .,Cancer-Microbiome Division, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Seo GY, Giles DA, Kronenberg M. The role of innate lymphoid cells in response to microbes at mucosal surfaces. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:399-412. [PMID: 32047273 PMCID: PMC7186215 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a lymphocyte population that is mostly resident at mucosal surfaces. They help to induce an appropriate immune response to the microbiome at homeostasis. In healthy people, the mucosal immune system works symbiotically with organisms that make up the microbiota. ILCs play a critical role in orchestrating this balance, as they can both influence and in turn be influenced by the microbiome. ILCs also are important regulators of the early response to infections by diverse types of pathogenic microbes at mucosal barriers. Their rapid responses initiate inflammatory programs, production of antimicrobial products and repair processes. This review will focus on the role of ILCs in response to the microbiota and to microbial infections of the lung and intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goo-Young Seo
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Daniel A Giles
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA,Division of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bai X, Chi X, Qiao Q, Xie S, Wan S, Ni L, Wang P, Jin W, Dong C. T Follicular Helper Cells Regulate Humoral Response for Host Protection against Intestinal Citrobacter rodentium Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2754-2761. [PMID: 32269096 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium colonizes at the colon and causes mucosal inflammation in mice. Previous studies have revealed the importance of the innate and adaptive immune response for controlling C. rodentium infection. In the present study, we examined the role of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in intestinal C. rodentium infection using mice with Bcl6 deficiency in T cells. Tfh cells were absolutely required at the late, but not the early, phase to control infection. Compared with control mice, we observed systemic pathogen dissemination and more severe colitis in Tfh-deficient mice. Furthermore, the susceptibility of Tfh-deficient mice correlated with an impaired serum IgG1 response to infection, and serum Abs from infected wild-type mice protected Tfh-deficient mice from infection. The transfer of wild-type Tfh cells also restored the levels of IgG1 and led to effective clearance of the pathogens in Tfh-deficient mice. Moreover, during C. rodentium infection, IL-21- and IL-4-producing Tfh cells were increased obviously in wild-type mice, correlating with IgG1 as the major isotype in germinal center B cells. Taken together, our work highlights the requirement and the function of Tfh cells in regulating humoral response for the host protection against C. rodentium infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Xinxin Chi
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Qin Qiao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Shan Xie
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Siyuan Wan
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Lu Ni
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Pengzhi Wang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Wei Jin
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; and .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jiao Y, Wu L, Huntington ND, Zhang X. Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota and Innate Immunity and Its Implication in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:282. [PMID: 32153586 PMCID: PMC7047319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging concept of microbiota contributing to local mucosal homeostasis has fueled investigation into its specific role in immunology. Gut microbiota is mostly responsible for maintaining the balance between host defense and immune tolerance. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been shown to be related to various alterations of the immune system. This review focuses on the reciprocal relationship between gut microbiota and innate immunity compartment, with emphasis on gut-associated lymphoid tissue, innate lymphoid cells, and phagocytes. From a clinical perspective, the review gives a possible explanation of how the “gut microbiota—innate immunity” axis might contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas D Huntington
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuan Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Centre, Medical Epigenetics Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ganal-Vonarburg SC, Duerr CU. The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life. Immunology 2019; 159:39-51. [PMID: 31777064 PMCID: PMC6904614 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity is shaped by commensal microbiota. From early life onwards, microbes colonize mucosal surfaces of the body and thereby trigger the establishment of immune homeostasis and defense mechanisms. Recent evidence reveals that the family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are mainly located in mucosal tissues, are essential in the maintenance of barrier functions as well as in the initiation of an appropriate immune response upon pathogenic infection. In this review, we summarize recent insights on the functional interaction of microbiota and ILCs at steady‐state and throughout life. Furthermore, we will discuss the interplay of ILCs and the microbiota in mucosal infections focusing on intestinal immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Ganal-Vonarburg
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Bern University Hospital, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia U Duerr
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Critical Roles of Balanced Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets in Intestinal Homeostasis, Chronic Inflammation, and Cancer. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:1325181. [PMID: 31781671 PMCID: PMC6875018 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1325181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) comprise a recently identified subset of innate immune cells that are mainly localized to mucosa-associated tissues. Although they have not yet been fully characterized, they can generally be divided into ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s. ILCs and their corresponding cytokines act as important mediators of the early stages of the immune response during inflammation, tissue repair, and the maintenance of epithelial integrity. Consequently, the dysregulation of ILC subsets might promote inflammation and cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated that these cells play an important role in maintaining the microecological balance of the small intestine; however, their specific roles in mediating inflammation in this tissue and tumorigenesis remain unclear and controversial. In this review, we focus on recent progress that has helped to gain a better understanding of the role of ILCs in intestinal homeostasis, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Further focused research on the regulation and role of ILCs in intestinal homeostasis and pathology will help to reveal valuable diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the treatment of intestinal diseases.
Collapse
|
50
|
Minzaghi D, Pavel P, Dubrac S. Xenobiotic Receptors and Their Mates in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4234. [PMID: 31470652 PMCID: PMC6747412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease worldwide. It is a chronic, relapsing and pruritic skin disorder which results from epidermal barrier abnormalities and immune dysregulation, both modulated by environmental factors. AD is strongly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in the so-called 'atopic march.' Xenobiotic receptors and their mates are ligand-activated transcription factors expressed in the skin where they control cellular detoxification pathways. Moreover, they regulate the expression of genes in pathways involved in AD in epithelial cells and immune cells. Activation or overexpression of xenobiotic receptors in the skin can be deleterious or beneficial, depending on context, ligand and activation duration. Moreover, their impact on skin might be amplified by crosstalk among xenobiotic receptors and their mates. Because they are activated by a broad range of endogenous molecules, drugs and pollutants owing to their promiscuous ligand affinity, they have recently crystalized the attention of researchers, including in dermatology and especially in the AD field. This review examines the putative roles of these receptors in AD by critically evaluating the conditions under which the proteins and their ligands have been studied. This information should provide new insights into AD pathogenesis and ways to develop new therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Minzaghi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|