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Starkl P, Jonsson G, Artner T, Turnes BL, Gail LM, Oliveira T, Jain A, Serhan N, Stejskal K, Lakovits K, Hladik A, An M, Channon KM, Kim H, Köcher T, Weninger W, Stary G, Knapp S, Klang V, Gaudenzio N, Woolf CJ, Tikoo S, Jain R, Penninger JM, Cronin SJF. Mast cell-derived BH4 and serotonin are critical mediators of postoperative pain. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadh0545. [PMID: 39178277 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adh0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative pain affects most patients after major surgery and can transition to chronic pain. The considerable side effects and limited efficacy of current treatments underline the need for new therapeutic options. We observed increased amounts of the metabolites BH4 and serotonin after skin injury. Mast cells were primary postoperative sources of Gch1, the rate-limiting enzyme in BH4 synthesis, itself an obligate cofactor in serotonin production by tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph1). Mice deficient in mast cells or in mast cell-specific Gch1 or Tph1 showed drastically decreased postoperative pain. We found that injury induced the nociceptive neuropeptide substance P, mast cell degranulation, and granule nerve colocalization. Substance P triggered serotonin release in mouse and human mast cells, and substance P receptor blockade substantially ameliorated pain hypersensitivity. Our findings highlight the importance of mast cells at the neuroimmune interface and substance P-driven mast cell BH4 and serotonin production as a therapeutic target for postoperative pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Starkl
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustav Jonsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tyler Artner
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura-Marie Gail
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tiago Oliveira
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aakanksha Jain
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadine Serhan
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Karel Stejskal
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Lakovits
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meilin An
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Keith M Channon
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hail Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejoen, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ignaz Semmelweis Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Infection Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Klang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shweta Tikoo
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rohit Jain
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shane J F Cronin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Heimann MK, Thompson K, Gunsch G, Tang SN, Klamer B, Corps K, Walter BA, Moore SA, Purmessur D. Characterization and modulation of the pro-inflammatory effects of immune cells in the canine intervertebral disk. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1333. [PMID: 38660017 PMCID: PMC11039810 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration affects both humans and canines and is a major cause of low back pain (LBP). Mast cell (MC) and macrophage (MØ) infiltration has been identified in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration (IVDD) in the human and rodent model but remains understudied in the canine. MC degranulation in the IVD leads to a pro-inflammatory cascade and activates protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) on IVD cells. The objectives of the present study are to: (1) highlight the pathophysiological changes observed in the degenerate canine IVD, (2) further characterize the inflammatory effect of MCs co-cultured with canine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, (3) evaluate the effect of construct stiffness on NP and MCs, and (4) identify potential therapeutics to mitigate pathologic changes in the IVD microenvironment. Methods Canine IVD tissue was isolated from healthy autopsy research dogs (beagle) and pet dogs undergoing laminectomy for IVD herniation. Morphology, protein content, and inflammatory markers were assessed. NP cells isolated from healthy autopsy (Mongrel hounds) tissue were co-cultured with canine MCs within agarose constructs and treated with cromolyn sodium (CS) and PAR2 antagonist (PAR2A). Gene expression, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and stiffness of constructs were assessed. Results CD 31+ blood vessels, mast cell tryptase, and macrophage CD 163+ were increased in the degenerate surgical canine tissue compared to healthy autopsy. Pro-inflammatory genes were upregulated when canine NP cells were co-cultured with MCs and the stiffer microenvironment enhanced these effects. Treatment with CS and PAR2 inhibitors mediated key pro-inflammatory markers in canine NP cells. Conclusion There is increased MC, MØs, and vascular ingrowth in the degenerate canine IVD tissue, similar to observations in the clinical population with IVDD and LBP. MCs co-cultured with canine NP cells drive inflammation, and CS and PAR2A are potential therapeutics that may mitigate the pathophysiology of IVDD in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K. Heimann
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kelly Thompson
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Gilian Gunsch
- Center for Life Sciences Education, College of Arts and SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityOhioUSA
| | - Shirley N. Tang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Brett Klamer
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kara Corps
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Benjamin A. Walter
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Orthopedics, College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityOhioUSA
| | - Sarah A. Moore
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Devina Purmessur
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Orthopedics, College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityOhioUSA
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Poto R, Marone G, Galli SJ, Varricchi G. Mast cells: a novel therapeutic avenue for cardiovascular diseases? Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:681-698. [PMID: 38630620 PMCID: PMC11135650 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells strategically located in different compartments of the normal human heart (the myocardium, pericardium, aortic valve, and close to nerves) as well as in atherosclerotic plaques. Cardiac mast cells produce a broad spectrum of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators, which have potential roles in inflammation, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, tissue remodelling, and fibrosis. Mast cells release preformed mediators (e.g. histamine, tryptase, and chymase) and de novo synthesized mediators (e.g. cysteinyl leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin D2), as well as cytokines and chemokines, which can activate different resident immune cells (e.g. macrophages) and structural cells (e.g. fibroblasts and endothelial cells) in the human heart and aorta. The transcriptional profiles of various mast cell populations highlight their potential heterogeneity and distinct gene and proteome expression. Mast cell plasticity and heterogeneity enable these cells the potential for performing different, even opposite, functions in response to changing tissue contexts. Human cardiac mast cells display significant differences compared with mast cells isolated from other organs. These characteristics make cardiac mast cells intriguing, given their dichotomous potential roles of inducing or protecting against cardiovascular diseases. Identification of cardiac mast cell subpopulations represents a prerequisite for understanding their potential multifaceted roles in health and disease. Several new drugs specifically targeting human mast cell activation are under development or in clinical trials. Mast cells and/or their subpopulations can potentially represent novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology ‘G. Salvatore’, National Research Council (CNR), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology and the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology ‘G. Salvatore’, National Research Council (CNR), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
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Oka M, Akaki S, Ohno O, Terasaki M, Hamaoka-Tamura Y, Saito M, Kato S, Inoue A, Aoki J, Matsuno K, Furuta K, Tanaka S. Suppression of Mast Cell Activation by GPR35: GPR35 Is a Primary Target of Disodium Cromoglycate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 389:76-86. [PMID: 38290974 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.002024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cell stabilizers, including disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), were found to have potential as the agonists of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR35, although it remains to be determined whether GPR35 is expressed in mast cells and involved in suppression of mast cell degranulation. Our purpose in this study is to verify the expression of GPR35 in mast cells and to clarify how GPR35 modulates the degranulation. We explored the roles of GPR35 using an expression system, a mast cell line constitutively expressing rat GPR35, peritoneal mast cells, and bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells. Immediate allergic responses were assessed using the IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model. Various known GPR35 agonists, including DSCG and newly designed compounds, suppressed IgE-mediated degranulation. GPR35 was expressed in mature mast cells but not in immature bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells and the rat mast cell line. Degranulation induced by antigens was significantly downmodulated in the mast cell line stably expressing GPR35. A GPR35 agonist, zaprinast, induced a transient activation of RhoA and a transient decrease in the amount of filamentous actin. GPR35 agonists suppressed the PCA responses in the wild-type mice but not in the GPR35-/- mice. These findings suggest that GPR35 should prevent mast cells from undergoing degranulation induced by IgE-mediated antigen stimulation and be the primary target of mast cell stabilizers. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The agonists of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR35, including disodium cromoglycate, were found to suppress degranulation of rat and mouse mature mast cells, and their antiallergic effects were abrogated in the GPR35-/- mice, indicating that the primary target of mast cell stabilizers should be GPR35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Oka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Sohta Akaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Osamu Ohno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Maho Terasaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Yuho Hamaoka-Tamura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Michiko Saito
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Junken Aoki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Kenji Matsuno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Kazuyuki Furuta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences (M.O., M.T., Y.H.-T., S.T.), Bioscience Research Center (M.S.), and Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Pathological Sciences (S.K.), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan (S.A., K.F.); Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan (O.O.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (A.I.); Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan (K.M.)
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5
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Kovacheva E, Gevezova M, Maes M, Sarafian V. Mast Cells in Autism Spectrum Disorder-The Enigma to Be Solved? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2651. [PMID: 38473898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disturbance of neurodevelopment with a complicated pathogenesis and unidentified etiology. Many children with ASD have a history of "allergic symptoms", often in the absence of mast cell (MC)-positive tests. Activation of MCs by various stimuli may release molecules related to inflammation and neurotoxicity, contributing to the development of ASD. The aim of the present paper is to enrich the current knowledge on the relationship between MCs and ASD by discussing key molecules and immune pathways associated with MCs in the pathogenesis of autism. Cytokines, essential marker molecules for MC degranulation and therapeutic targets, are also highlighted. Understanding the relationship between ASD and the activation of MCs, as well as the involved molecules and interactions, are the main points contributing to solving the enigma. Key molecules, associated with MCs, may provide new insights to the discovery of drug targets for modeling inflammation in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Kovacheva
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Gevezova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Michael Maes
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Cognitive Fitness and Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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6
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Kim MH, Bae CS, Bok SH, Choi HS, Ahn T, Cho SS, Park DH. Drug Development from Natural Products Based on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12469. [PMID: 37569846 PMCID: PMC10419019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pulmonary system associated with many wheeze-to-sleep apnea complications that may lead to death. In 2019, approximately 262 million patients suffered from asthma, and 455 thousand died from the disease worldwide. It is a more severe health problem in children and older adults, and as the aging of society intensifies, the problem will continue to worsen. Asthma inducers can be classified as indoor and outdoor allergens and can cause asthma due to their repeated invasion. There are several theories about asthma occurrence, such as the imbalance between Th1 and Th2, inflammation in the pulmonary system, and the abnormal apoptosis/cell proliferation of cells related to asthma. Although there are many medications for asthma, as it is an incurable disease, the purpose of the drugs is only to suppress the symptoms. The current drugs can be divided into relievers and controllers; however, as they have many adverse effects, such as immune suppression, growth retardation, promotion of cataracts, hyperactivity, and convulsions, developing new asthma drugs is necessary. Although natural products can have adverse effects, the development of asthma drugs from natural products may be beneficial, as some have anti-asthmatic effects such as immune modulation, anti-inflammation, and/or apoptosis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - So-Hyeon Bok
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo-Seung Choi
- Department of Digital Contents, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
- Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
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7
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Kow ASF, Khoo LW, Tan JW, Abas F, Lee MT, Israf DA, Shaari K, Tham CL. Clinacanthus nutans aqueous leaves extract exerts anti-allergic activity in preclinical anaphylactic models via alternative IgG pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:116003. [PMID: 36464074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Allergy is mediated by the crosslinking of immunoglobulins (Ig) -E or -G to their respective receptors, which degranulates mast cells, macrophages, basophils, or neutrophils, releasing allergy-causing mediators. The removal of these mediators such as histamine, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukins (ILs) released by effector cells will alleviate allergy. Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans), an herbal plant in Southeast Asia, is used traditionally to treat skin rash, an allergic symptom. Previously, we have reported that C. nutans aqueous leaves extract (CNAE) was able to suppress the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine but not interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the IgE-induced mast cell degranulation model at 5 mg/mL and above. We also found that CNAE could protect rats against ovalbumin-challenged active systemic anaphylaxis (OVA-ASA) through the downregulation and upregulation of certain metabolites using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics approach. AIM OF THE STUDY As allergy could be mediated by both IgE and IgG, we further evaluated the anti-allergy potential of CNAE in both in vitro model of IgG-induced macrophage activation and in vivo anaphylaxis models to further dissect the mechanism of action underlying the anti-allergic properties of CNAE. MATERIAL & METHODS The anti-allergy potential of CNAE was evaluated in in vivo anaphylaxis models of ovalbumin-challenged active systemic anaphylaxis (OVA-ASA) and IgE-challenged passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) using Sprague Dawley rats as well as IgG-challenged passive systemic anaphylaxis (IgG-PSA) using C57BL/6 mice. Meanwhile, in vitro model of IgG-induced macrophage activation model was performed using IC-21 macrophages. The release of soluble mediators from both IgE and IgG-mediated pathways were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The signaling molecules targeted by CNAE were identified by performing Western blot. RESULTS IgG, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and IL-6 was suppressed by CNAE in OVA-ASA, but not IgE. In addition, CNAE significantly suppressed PAF and IL-6 in IgG-PSA but did not suppress histamine, IL-4 and leukotrienes C4 (LTC4) in IgE-PSA. CNAE also inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the IgG-induced macrophage activation model. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings supported that CNAE exerts its anti-allergic properties by suppressing the IgG pathway and its mediators by inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation, thus providing scientific evidence supporting its traditional use in managing allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Siew Foong Kow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Leng Wei Khoo
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ji Wei Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ming-Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
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Degranulation of Murine Resident Cochlear Mast Cells: A Possible Factor Contributing to Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity and Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054620. [PMID: 36902051 PMCID: PMC10003316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Permanent hearing loss is one of cisplatin's adverse effects, affecting 30-60% of cancer patients treated with that drug. Our research group recently identified resident mast cells in rodents' cochleae and observed that the number of mast cells changed upon adding cisplatin to cochlear explants. Here, we followed that observation and found that the murine cochlear mast cells degranulate in response to cisplatin and that the mast cell stabilizer cromoglicic acid (cromolyn) inhibits this process. Additionally, cromolyn significantly prevented cisplatin-induced loss of auditory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. Our study provides the first evidence for the possible mast cell participation in cisplatin-induced damage to the inner ear.
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9
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Jeong JY, Kim SO, Bang S, Choi Y, Shin J, Choi D, Lee SE, Park TH, Hong S. Adaptive biosensing platform using immune cell-based nanovesicles for food allergen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114914. [PMID: 36456386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by an adaptive immune system, we have developed a bioelectronic sensing platform which relies on nanovesicles for a signal amplification and can be easily adapted for the detection of new food allergens. In this work, nanovesicles with anti-immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE) antibody receptors were extracted from immune cells and immobilized on a carbon nanotube-based transistor to build a highly sensitive and selective biosensing platform. Our sensor could detect peanut allergen, arachis hypogaea 2 (Ara h 2), down to 0.1 fM and selectively discriminate target allergens in real food samples such as peanut and egg white. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the detection of different target molecules using the same nanovesicles linked with different antibodies. Our sensor platform was also utilized to quantitatively evaluate the effect of allergy drug such as cromolyn. In this regard, our strategy can be utilized for basic research and versatile applications in food and pharmacological industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Jeong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - So-Ong Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sunwoo Bang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoonji Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Junghyun Shin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Danmin Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Seunghun Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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10
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Rische CH, Thames AN, Krier-Burris RA, O’Sullivan JA, Bochner BS, Scott EA. Drug delivery targets and strategies to address mast cell diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:205-222. [PMID: 36629456 PMCID: PMC9928520 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2166926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current and developing mast cell therapeutics are reliant on small molecule drugs and biologics, but few are truly selective for mast cells. Most have cellular and disease-specific limitations that require innovation to overcome longstanding challenges to selectively targeting and modulating mast cell behavior. This review is designed to serve as a frame of reference for new approaches that utilize nanotechnology or combine different drugs to increase mast cell selectivity and therapeutic efficacy. AREAS COVERED Mast cell diseases include allergy and related conditions as well as malignancies. Here, we discuss the targets of existing and developing therapies used to treat these disease pathologies, classifying them into cell surface, intracellular, and extracellular categories. For each target discussed, we discuss drugs that are either the current standard of care, under development, or have indications for potential use. Finally, we discuss how novel technologies and tools can be used to take existing therapeutics to a new level of selectivity and potency against mast cells. EXPERT OPINION There are many broadly and very few selectively targeted therapeutics for mast cells in allergy and malignant disease. Combining existing targeting strategies with technology like nanoparticles will provide novel platforms to treat mast cell disease more selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton H. Rische
- Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariel N. Thames
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Krier-Burris
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy A. O’Sullivan
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce S. Bochner
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evan A. Scott
- Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Evanston, IL, USA
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Microbiolgy-Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA
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11
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Starkl P, Jonsson G, Artner T, Turnes BL, Serhan N, Oliveira T, Gail LM, Stejskal K, Channon KM, Köcher T, Stary G, Klang V, Gaudenzio N, Knapp S, Woolf CJ, Penninger JM, Cronin SJ. Mast cell-derived BH4 is a critical mediator of postoperative pain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.24.525378. [PMID: 37293068 PMCID: PMC10245978 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.525378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative pain affects most patients after major surgery and can transition to chronic pain. Here, we discovered that postoperative pain hypersensitivity correlated with markedly increased local levels of the metabolite BH4. Gene transcription and reporter mouse analyses after skin injury identified neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells as primary postoperative sources of GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (Gch1) expression, the rate-limiting enzyme in BH4 production. While specific Gch1 deficiency in neutrophils or macrophages had no effect, mice deficient in mast cells or mast cell-specific Gch1 showed drastically decreased postoperative pain after surgery. Skin injury induced the nociceptive neuropeptide substance P, which directly triggers the release of BH4-dependent serotonin in mouse and human mast cells. Substance P receptor blockade substantially ameliorated postoperative pain. Our findings underline the unique position of mast cells at the neuro-immune interface and highlight substance P-driven mast cell BH4 production as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Starkl
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustav Jonsson
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tyler Artner
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Serhan
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Tiago Oliveira
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura-Marie Gail
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- LBI-RUD – Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karel Stejskal
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keith M. Channon
- Radcliffe Department of, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- LBI-RUD – Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Klang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), Inserm UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clifford J. Woolf
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shane J.F. Cronin
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Terashi M, Yamaki K, Koyama Y. Development of a Novel IgG 1 Anaphylaxis Mouse Model with Uniquely Characteristic Skin Manifestations Induced Through the FcγRIII-Histamine Pathway. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:83-103. [PMID: 36201173 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2130799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of passive anaphylaxis, in which mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) and its antigens are administered to mice, believe that platelet-activating factor (PAF) is more important than histamine and that basophils or macrophages are primarily involved. However, the full extent of IgG-dependent anaphylaxis is still unclear; that is, little agreement has been reached about the mechanism. METHODS First, we established the novel model of IgG1 anaphylaxis induced by the intravenous administration of two types of IgG1 and a fluorescent dye-labeled antigen, as IgG1 immune complex in HR-1 hairless mice. Subsequently, pharmacological analysis was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of IgG1 anaphylaxis in this established model. RESULTS The novel IgG1 anaphylaxis model can induce the IgG-induced Anaphylaxis-dependent Spotted Distribution of fluorescently labeled Immune complexes in the Skin, named "G-ASDIS". Moreover, this model was triggered primarily by the FcγRIII-dependent histamine release, which is different from the conventional model in which PAF was involved in the development of IgG1 anaphylaxis. Basophils in the circulation and mast cells in the skin may participate in the development of IgG1 anaphylaxis and increased G-ASDIS. CONCLUSION Our results propose that the novel axis, namely the FcγRIII-basophils and/or mast cell-histamine pathway, is important for IgG1 anaphylaxis. Further analysis of our model in addition to other models will lead to a broader analysis and understanding of the IgG1 anaphylaxis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Terashi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kouya Yamaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Koyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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13
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Yue J, Tan Y, Huan R, Guo J, Yang S, Deng M, Xiong Y, Han G, Liu L, Liu J, Cheng Y, Zha Y, Zhang J. Mast cell activation mediates blood-brain barrier impairment and cognitive dysfunction in septic mice in a histamine-dependent pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1090288. [PMID: 36817492 PMCID: PMC9929573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1090288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse cerebral dysfunction resulting from a systemic inflammatory response to infection; however, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Sepsis-induced neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption are crucial factors in brain function disturbance in SAE. Mast cells (MCs) activation plays an important role in several neuroinflammation models; however, its role in SAE has not been comprehensively investigated. Methods We first established a SAE model by cecal ligation puncture (CLP) surgery and checked the activation of MCs. MCs activation was checked using immumohistochemical staining and Toluidine Blue staining. We administrated cromolyn (10mg/ml), a MC stabilizer, to rescue the septic mice. Brain cytokines levels were measured using biochemical assays. BBB disruption was assessed by measuring levels of key tight-junction (TJ) proteins. Cognitive function of mice was analyzed by Y maze and open field test. Transwell cultures of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) co-cultured with MCs were used to assess the interaction of BMVECs and MCs. Results Results showed that MCs were overactivated in the hippocampus of CLP-induced SAE mice. Cromolyn intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection substantially inhibited the MCs activation and neuroinflammation responses, ameliorated BBB impairment, improved the survival rate and alleviated cognitive dysfunction in septic mice. In vitro experiments, we revealed that MCs activation increased the sensitivity of BMVECs against to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Furthermore, we found that the histamine/histamine 1 receptor (H1R) mediated the interaction between MCs and BMVECs, and amplifies the LPS-induced inflammatory responses in BMVECs by modulating the TLR2/4-MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions MCs activation could mediate BBB impairment and cognitive dysfunction in septic mice in a histamine-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhe Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Renzheng Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunbiao Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoqiang Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiqin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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14
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Menkü Özdemir FD, Üstün GG, Kősemehmetoğlu K, İspirli M, Boynuyoğun E, Uzun H. Comparison of Cromolyn Sodium, Montelukast, and Zafirlukast Prophylaxis for Capsular Contracture. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 150:1005e-1014e. [PMID: 35994348 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000009653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsular contracture is the most common complication following breast augmentation. Recently, prophylaxis studies aiming to inhibit the release of profibrotic substances to prevent capsular contracture have gained in importance. This study investigated the effects of cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast on capsular contracture in a rat model. METHODS Thirty female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, sham, cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast. Intraperitoneal injections were administered daily to the sham (1 ml per day), cromolyn sodium (10 mg/kg per day), montelukast (10 mg/kg per day), and zafirlukast (1.25 mg/kg per day) groups 1 month before surgery. Miniature breast implants were then placed on the backs of the rats in each group. Injections were continued for the next 3 months. The rats were subsequently killed, and the capsules were harvested and assessed histopathologically. The histopathologic outcomes were acute inflammation status, inflammation severity, synovial metaplasia, foreign body reaction, mast cell count, and capsular thickness. RESULTS The cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast groups had less acute inflammation and lower mean inflammation severity scores, foreign body reaction occurrence, mast cell counts, and capsular thickness than the control and sham groups ( p < 0.05). These parameters were better in the cromolyn sodium group than in the montelukast and zafirlukast groups ( p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cromolyn sodium appears to inhibit capsular contracture more efficiently than montelukast and zafirlukast. This report may be a pioneer study for the prophylactic use of cromolyn sodium in capsular contracture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The prophylactic administration of cromolyn sodium appears to reduce capsular contracture more efficiently than that of montelukast and zafirlukast. This report might constitute a pioneer study for the prophylactic use of cromolyn sodium in capsular contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fethiye Damla Menkü Özdemir
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Galip Gencay Üstün
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kemal Kősemehmetoğlu
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Mukaddes İspirli
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Etkin Boynuyoğun
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hakan Uzun
- From the Departments of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Pathology, and Pharmacology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
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15
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Kesserwan S, Mao L, Sharafieh R, Kreutzer DL, Klueh U. A pharmacological approach assessing the role of mast cells in insulin infusion site inflammation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:1711-1718. [PMID: 34561836 PMCID: PMC9639590 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Extending the lifespan of subcutaneous insulin administration sets and infusion pumps requires overcoming unreliable insulin delivery induced by dermal reactions. All commercially available insulin formulations contain insulin phenolic preservatives (IPP), which stabilize the insulin molecule but result in unwanted cell and tissue toxicity. Mast cells, which are the first line of defense once the epithelium is breached, are particularly abundant beneath the skin surface. Thus, we hypothesize a sequence of events initiated by device insertion that activates skin mast cells (MC) that subsequently trigger neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage recruitment. The ensuing inflammatory response compromises effective insulin infusion therapy. Methods We employed a non-genetic, pharmacological approach to MC membrane stabilization using Cromolyn sodium (CS), which inhibits MC degranulation. These studies were conducted in our modified air pouch mouse model using non-diabetic and streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. We evaluated the impact of systemic CS through intraperitoneal injections, as well as the impact of local CS through co-infusion, on infusion catheter insertion and IPP-induced inflammation. Results CS at a concentration of 50 mg/kg minimized inflammation triggered in response to insulin phenolic preservatives present in standard insulin formulations. The resultant degree of tissue inflammation was comparable to that observed with saline injections. Conclusion Targeting MC has the potential to extend the longevity of insulin infusion sets by mitigating the inflammatory response. Future studies should be directed at employing other MC models, such as newer Cre/loxP mouse strains, to confirm the sentinel role of MC in insulin infusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Kesserwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Roshanak Sharafieh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Donald L. Kreutzer
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT
| | - Ulrike Klueh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI,Corresponding Author: Ulrike Klueh Ph. D., Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202,
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16
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Puzzovio PG, Brüggemann TR, Pahima H, Mankuta D, Levy BD, Levi-Schaffer F. Cromolyn Sodium differentially regulates human mast cell and mouse leukocyte responses to control allergic inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106172. [PMID: 35278626 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cromolyn Sodium (CS) has been used in the past as an anti-allergy drug owing to its mast cell (MC) stabilizing properties that impair histamine release. However, additional mechanisms for its clinical actions are likely and might help to identify new roles for MCs and leukocytes in regulating inflammation. Here, using human cord blood-derived MCs (CBMCs), murine bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) and eosinophils (BMEos), and in vivo mouse models of allergic inflammation (AI), additional actions of CS on MCs were determined. METHODS The in vitro effects of CS on IgE-activated human and mouse MCs were assessed by measuring the levels of pro-inflammatory (tryptase, LTC4, IL-8, CD48) and pro-resolution effectors (IL-10, CD300a, Annexin A1) before and after CS treatment. The in vivo effects of daily CS injections on parameters of inflammation were assessed using mouse models of allergic peritonitis (AP) (Ovalbumin/Alum- or Ovalbumin/S. aureus enterotoxin B) and allergic airways inflammation (AAI) (house dust mite (HDM)). RESULTS In vitro, CS did not affect pro-inflammatory effectors but significantly increased the anti-inflammatory/pro-resolution CD300a levels and IL-10 release from IgE-activated CBMCs. BMMCs were not affected by CS. In vivo, CS injections decreased total cell and Eos numbers in the peritoneal cavity in the AP models and bronchoalveolar lavage and lungs in the AAI model. CS reduced EPX release from PAF-activated BMEos in vitro, possibly explaining the in vivo findings. CONCLUSION Together, these results demonstrate immunomodulatory actions for CS in AI that are broader than only MC stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giorgio Puzzovio
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Thayse R Brüggemann
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hadas Pahima
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Mankuta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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17
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Optimizing drug inhibition of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:671-684.e9. [PMID: 34186142 PMCID: PMC9187951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Administering allergens in increasing doses can temporarily suppress IgE-mediated allergy and anaphylaxis by desensitizing mast cells and basophils; however, allergen administration during desensitization therapy can itself induce allergic responses. Several small molecule drugs and nutraceuticals have been used clinically and experimentally to suppress these allergic responses. OBJECTIVES This study sought to optimize drug inhibition of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. METHODS Several agents were tested individually and in combination for ability to suppress IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in conventional mice, FcεRIα-humanized mice, and reconstituted immunodeficient mice that have human mast cells and basophils. Hypothermia was the readout for anaphylaxis; therapeutic efficacy was measured by degree of inhibition of hypothermia. Serum mouse mast cell protease 1 level was used to measure extent of mast cell degranulation. RESULTS Histamine receptor 1 (HR1) antagonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor were best at individually inhibiting IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. A Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, administered alone, only inhibited hypothermia when FcεRI signaling was suboptimal. Combinations of these agents could completely or nearly completely inhibit IgE-mediated hypothermia in these models. Both Syk and BTK inhibition decreased mast cell degranulation, but only Syk inhibition also blocked desensitization. Many other agents that are used clinically and experimentally had little or no beneficial effect. CONCLUSIONS Combinations of an HR1 antagonist, a β-adrenergic agonist, and a Syk or a BTK inhibitor protect best against IgE-mediated anaphylaxis, while an HR1 antagonist plus a β-adrenergic agonist ± a BTK antagonist is optimal for inhibiting IgE-mediated anaphylaxis without suppressing desensitization.
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18
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Ozpinar EW, Frey AL, Cruse G, Freytes DO. Mast Cell-Biomaterial Interactions and Tissue Repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2021; 27:590-603. [PMID: 33164714 PMCID: PMC8739845 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineers often use biomaterials to provide structural support along with mechanical and chemical signals to modulate the wound healing process. Biomaterials that are implanted into the body interact with a heterogeneous and dynamic inflammatory environment that is present at the site of injury. Whether synthetically derived, naturally derived, or a combination of both, it is important to assess biomaterials for their ability to modulate inflammation to understand their potential clinical use. One important, but underexplored cell in the context of biomaterials is the mast cell (MC). MCs are granulocytic leukocytes that engage in a variety of events in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Although highly recognized for their roles in allergic reactions, MCs play an important role in wound healing by recognizing antigens through pattern recognition receptors and the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FceRI) and releasing granules that affect cell recruitment, fibrosis, extracellular matrix deposition, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. MCs also mediate the foreign body response, contributing to the incorporation or rejection of implants. Studies of MC-biomaterial interactions can aid in the elucidation of MC roles during the host tissue response and tissue repair. This review is designed for those in the tissue engineering and biomaterial fields who are interested in exploring the role MCs may play in wound-biomaterial interactions and wound healing. With this review, we hope to inspire more research in the MC-biomaterial space to accelerate the design and construction of optimized implants. Impact statement Mast cells (MCs) are highly specialized inflammatory cells that have crucial, but not fully understood, roles in wound healing and tissue repair. Upon stimulation, they recognize foreign antigens and release granules that help orchestrate the inflammatory response after tissue damage or biomaterial implantation. This review summarizes the current use of MCs in biomaterial research along with literature from the past decade focusing on MC interactions with materials used for tissue repair and regeneration. Studying MC-biomaterial interactions will help (i) further understand the process of inflammation and (ii) design biomaterials and tissue-engineered constructs for optimal repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Ozpinar
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ariana L Frey
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glenn Cruse
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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19
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Fowler J, Lieberman P. Pathophysiology of Immunologic and Nonimmunologic Systemic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 42:27-43. [PMID: 34823749 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a myriad of immunologic and nonimmunologic pathways by which the clinical phenotype of anaphylaxis can be produced. An understanding of these pathways is essential for the prevention as well as the treatment of anaphylactic episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Fowler
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA. %
| | - Phil Lieberman
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
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20
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Kwiatkowska D, Reich A. Role of Mast Cells in the Pathogenesis of Pruritus in Mastocytosis. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 101:adv00583. [PMID: 34642766 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus can be defined as an unpleasant sensation that evokes a desire to scratch and significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Pruritus is widely observed in many dermatoses, including mastocytosis, a rare disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of mast cells, which can involve skin, bone marrow, and other organs. Increasing evidence highlights the role of mast cells in neurogenic inflammation and itching. Mast cells release various pruritogenic mediators, initiating subsequent mutual communication with specific nociceptors on sensory nerve fibres. Among important mediators released by mast cells that induce pruritus, one can distinguish histamine, serotonin, proteases, as well as various cytokines. During neuronal-induced inflammation, mast cells may respond to numerous mediators, including neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, calcitonin gene-related peptide, endothelin 1, and nerve growth factor. Currently, treatment of pruritus in mastocytosis is focused on alleviating the effects of mediators secreted by mast cells. However, a deeper understanding of the intricacies of the neurobiology of this disease could help to provide better treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Reich
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rzeszow, Ul. Szopena 2, PL-35-055 Rzeszów, Poland.
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21
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McKee AM, Kirkup BM, Madgwick M, Fowler WJ, Price CA, Dreger SA, Ansorge R, Makin KA, Caim S, Le Gall G, Paveley J, Leclaire C, Dalby M, Alcon-Giner C, Andrusaite A, Feng TY, Di Modica M, Triulzi T, Tagliabue E, Milling SW, Weilbaecher KN, Rutkowski MR, Korcsmáros T, Hall LJ, Robinson SD. Antibiotic-induced disturbances of the gut microbiota result in accelerated breast tumor growth. iScience 2021; 24:103012. [PMID: 34522855 PMCID: PMC8426205 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota's function in regulating health has seen it linked to disease progression in several cancers. However, there is limited research detailing its influence in breast cancer (BrCa). This study found that antibiotic-induced perturbation of the gut microbiota significantly increases tumor progression in multiple BrCa mouse models. Metagenomics highlights the common loss of several bacterial species following antibiotic administration. One such bacteria, Faecalibaculum rodentium, rescued this increased tumor growth. Single-cell transcriptomics identified an increased number of cells with a stromal signature in tumors, and subsequent histology revealed an increased abundance of mast cells in the tumor stromal regions. We show that administration of a mast cell stabilizer, cromolyn, rescues increased tumor growth in antibiotic treated animals but has no influence on tumors from control cohorts. These findings highlight that BrCa-microbiota interactions are different from other cancers studied to date and suggest new research avenues for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair M. McKee
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Benjamin M. Kirkup
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Matthew Madgwick
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Wesley J. Fowler
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Christopher A. Price
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Sally A. Dreger
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Rebecca Ansorge
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Kate A. Makin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Shabhonam Caim
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Gwenaelle Le Gall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Jack Paveley
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Charlotte Leclaire
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Matthew Dalby
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Cristina Alcon-Giner
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
| | - Anna Andrusaite
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Tzu-Yu Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Martina Di Modica
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale di Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale di Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale di Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Simon W.F. Milling
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Katherine N. Weilbaecher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Oncology, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Melanie R. Rutkowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Lindsay J. Hall
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
- Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stephen D. Robinson
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7AU, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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22
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Shoup TM, Griciuc A, Normandin MD, Quinti L, Walsh LV, Dhaynaut M, Moon SH, Guehl NJ, Brugarolas P, Elmaleh DR, Fakhri GE, Tanzi RE. Evaluation of Fluorinated Cromolyn Derivatives as Potential Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:775-786. [PMID: 33579853 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cromolyn is an anti-neuroinflammatory modulator with a multifactorial mechanism of action that has been shown to inhibit amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and enhance microglial uptake and clearance of Aβ. OBJECTIVE We report the effects of fluoro-cromolyn derivatives on microglial cell toxicity and microglial clearance of Aβ42. METHODS Microglial cell toxicity for cromolyn derivatives were determined in naive BV2 microglial cells. Microglial clearance assays were performed with Aβ42 in naive BV2 microglial cell line and single cell clone BV2 line expressing CD33WT. PET imaging was performed for three F-18 analogs in a rhesus macaque. RESULTS All compounds but derivative 8 exhibited low microglial cell toxicity. Cromolyn 1 and derivatives 2, 4, and 7 displayed an increased uptake on Aβ42 in naïve BV2 microglial cells. Derivative 4 increased Aβ42 uptake in a dose-dependent manner and at 75μM resulted in a one-fold increase in Aβ42 uptake in BV2-CD33WT. PET imaging for three [18F]cromolyn analogs revealed the order of brain tracer penetration to be 4a > 10 > 2a. Tracer 4a exhibited enhanced uptake in areas of high perfusion (putamen, grey matter, and cerebellum) and lower signal in areas of lower perfusion (caudate, thalamus, and white matter). CONCLUSION Substantial uptake of Aβ42 in both naïve BV2 and BV2-CD33WT cells observed with 4 indicate conversion of microglial cells from a pro-inflammatory to an activation state favoring Aβ phagocytosis/clearance. These findings suggest that a fluoro-cromolyn analog could reduce fibril-prone Aβ42in vivo and thereby serve as a therapeutic for the treatment and prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Shoup
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Griciuc
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Marc D Normandin
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luisa Quinti
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Lindsay V Walsh
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Maeva Dhaynaut
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Moon
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas J Guehl
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Brugarolas
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David R Elmaleh
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,AZTHERAPIES, INC., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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23
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Theoharides TC. Ways to Address Perinatal Mast Cell Activation and Focal Brain Inflammation, including Response to SARS-CoV-2, in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Pers Med 2021; 11:860. [PMID: 34575637 PMCID: PMC8465360 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to increase, but no distinct pathogenesis or effective treatment are known yet. The presence of many comorbidities further complicates matters, making a personalized approach necessary. An increasing number of reports indicate that inflammation of the brain leads to neurodegenerative changes, especially during perinatal life, "short-circuiting the electrical system" in the amygdala that is essential for our ability to feel emotions, but also regulates fear. Inflammation of the brain can result from the stimulation of mast cells-found in all tissues including the brain-by neuropeptides, stress, toxins, and viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, leading to the activation of microglia. These resident brain defenders then release even more inflammatory molecules and stop "pruning" nerve connections, disrupting neuronal connectivity, lowering the fear threshold, and derailing the expression of emotions, as seen in ASD. Many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between ASD and atopic dermatitis (eczema), asthma, and food allergies/intolerance, all of which involve activated mast cells. Mast cells can be triggered by allergens, neuropeptides, stress, and toxins, leading to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and activation of microglia. Moreover, many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between stress and atopic dermatitis (eczema) during gestation, which involves activated mast cells. Both mast cells and microglia can also be activated by SARS-CoV-2 in affected mothers during pregnancy. We showed increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-18 and its receptor, but decreased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-38 and its receptor IL-36R, only in the amygdala of deceased children with ASD. We further showed that the natural flavonoid luteolin is a potent inhibitor of the activation of both mast cells and microglia, but also blocks SARS-CoV-2 binding to its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A treatment approach should be tailored to each individual patient and should address hyperactivity/stress, allergies, or food intolerance, with the introduction of natural molecules or drugs to inhibit mast cells and microglia, such as liposomal luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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24
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Hafezi B, Chan L, Knapp JP, Karimi N, Alizadeh K, Mehrani Y, Bridle BW, Karimi K. Cytokine Storm Syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Functional Role of Mast Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1761. [PMID: 34359931 PMCID: PMC8308097 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm syndrome is a cascade of escalated immune responses disposing the immune system to exhaustion, which might ultimately result in organ failure and fatal respiratory distress. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 can result in uncontrolled production of cytokines and eventually the development of cytokine storm syndrome. Mast cells may react to viruses in collaboration with other cells and lung autopsy findings from patients that died from the coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) showed accumulation of mast cells in the lungs that was thought to be the cause of pulmonary edema, inflammation, and thrombosis. In this review, we present evidence that a cytokine response by mast cells may initiate inappropriate antiviral immune responses and cause the development of cytokine storm syndrome. We also explore the potential of mast cell activators as adjuvants for COVID-19 vaccines and discuss the medications that target the functions of mast cells and could be of value in the treatment of COVID-19. Recognition of the cytokine storm is crucial for proper treatment of patients and preventing the release of mast cell mediators, as impeding the impacts imposed by these mediators could reduce the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Hafezi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (B.H.); (N.K.)
| | - Lily Chan
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Jason P. Knapp
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Negar Karimi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (B.H.); (N.K.)
| | - Kimia Alizadeh
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Yeganeh Mehrani
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
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25
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Lopez-Perez D, Redruello-Romero A, Garcia-Rubio J, Arana C, Garcia-Escudero LA, Tamayo F, Puentes-Pardo JD, Moreno-SanJuan S, Salmeron J, Blanco A, Galvez J, Leon J, Carazo Á. In Patients With Obesity, the Number of Adipose Tissue Mast Cells Is Significantly Lower in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664576. [PMID: 34093556 PMCID: PMC8177010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a rising global health problem mainly caused by obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. In healthy individuals, white adipose tissue (WAT) has a relevant homeostatic role in glucose metabolism, energy storage, and endocrine signaling. Mast cells contribute to these functions promoting WAT angiogenesis and adipogenesis. In patients with T2D, inflammation dramatically impacts WAT functioning, which results in the recruitment of several leukocytes, including monocytes, that enhance this inflammation. Accordingly, the macrophages population rises as the WAT inflammation increases during the T2D status worsening. Since mast cell progenitors cannot arrive at WAT, the amount of WAT mast cells depends on how the new microenvironment affects progenitor and differentiated mast cells. Here, we employed a flow cytometry-based approach to analyze the number of mast cells from omental white adipose tissue (o-WAT) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (s-WAT) in a cohort of 100 patients with obesity. Additionally, we measured the number of mast cell progenitors in a subcohort of 15 patients. The cohort was divided in three groups: non-T2D, pre-T2D, and T2D. Importantly, patients with T2D have a mild condition (HbA1c <7%). The number of mast cells and mast cell progenitors was lower in patients with T2D in both o-WAT and s-WAT in comparison to subjects from the pre-T2D and non-T2D groups. In the case of mast cells in o-WAT, there were statistically significant differences between non-T2D and T2D groups (p = 0.0031), together with pre-T2D and T2D groups (p=0.0097). However, in s-WAT, the differences are only between non-T2D and T2D groups (p=0.047). These differences have been obtained with patients with a mild T2D condition. Therefore, little changes in T2D status have a huge impact on the number of mast cells in WAT, especially in o-WAT. Due to the importance of mast cells in WAT physiology, their decrease can reduce the capacity of WAT, especially o-WAT, to store lipids and cause hypoxic cell deaths that will trigger inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lopez-Perez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Anaïs Redruello-Romero
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Arana
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis A Garcia-Escudero
- Department of Statistics and Operative Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Jose D Puentes-Pardo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Moreno-SanJuan
- Cytometry and Microscopy Research Service, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Salmeron
- Gastroenterology Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Armando Blanco
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Galvez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red para Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER-EHD), Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Josefa Leon
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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Lin P, Cao M, Xia F, Liao H, Sun H, Wang Q, Lee J, Zhou Y, Guan Y, Zhang C, Xu Z, Li F, Wei J, Ling D. A Phosphatase-Mimetic Nano-Stabilizer of Mast Cells for Long-Term Prevention of Allergic Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004115. [PMID: 33898190 PMCID: PMC8061383 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are pathological immune responses with significant morbidity, which are closely associated with allergic mediators as released by allergen-stimulated mast cells (MCs). Prophylactic stabilization of MCs is regarded as a practical approach to prevent allergic diseases. However, most of the existing small molecular MC stabilizers exhibit a narrow therapeutic time window, failing to provide long-term prevention of allergic diseases. Herein, ceria nanoparticle (CeNP-) based phosphatase-mimetic nano-stabilizers (PMNSs) with a long-term therapeutic time window are developed for allergic disease prevention. By virtue of the regenerable catalytic hotspots of oxygen vacancies on the surface of CeNPs, PMNSs exhibit sustainable phosphatase-mimetic activity to dephosphorylate phosphoproteins in allergen-stimulated MCs. Consequently, PMNSs constantly modulate intracellular phospho-signaling cascades of MCs to inhibit the degranulation of allergic mediators, which prevents the initiation of allergic mediator-associated pathological responses, eventually providing protection against allergic diseases with a long-term therapeutic time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Lin
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Mengda Cao
- Research Division of Clinical PharmacologyThe First Affiliated HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Liao
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Heng Sun
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Qiyue Wang
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Yunan Guan
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Women & Children Central LaboratoryThe First Affiliated HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210036P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Research Division of Clinical PharmacologyThe First Affiliated HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
| | - Ji‐Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical PharmacologyThe First Affiliated HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu210029P. R. China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Institute of PharmaceuticsCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesNational Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
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27
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Delgado A, Cholevas C, Theoharides TC. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and beneficial action of luteolin. Biofactors 2021; 47:207-217. [PMID: 33615581 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), already the world's most common form of dementia, is projected to continue increasing in prevalence over the next several decades. The current lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of AD has hampered the development of effective treatments. Historically, AD research has been predicated on the amyloid cascade hypothesis (ACH), which attributes disease progression to the build-up of amyloid protein. However, multiple clinical studies of drugs interfering with ACH have failed to show any benefit demonstrating that AD etiology is more complex than previously thought. Here we review the current literature on the emerging key role of neuroinflammation, especially activation of microglia, in AD pathogenesis. Moreover, we provide compelling evidence that certain flavonoids, especially luteolin formulated in olive pomace oil together with hydroxytyrosol, offers a reasonable prophylactic treatment approach due to its many beneficial actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Delgado
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christos Cholevas
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- BrainGate, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- BrainGate, Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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28
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Strattan E, Hildebrandt GC. Mast Cell Involvement in Fibrosis in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2385. [PMID: 33673565 PMCID: PMC7956846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is most commonly a treatment for inborn defects of hematopoiesis or acute leukemias. Widespread use of HSCT, a potentially curative therapy, is hampered by onset of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), classified as either acute or chronic GVHD. While the pathology of acute GVHD is better understood, factors driving GVHD at the cellular and molecular level are less clear. Mast cells are an arm of the immune system that are known for atopic disease. However, studies have demonstrated that they can play important roles in tissue homeostasis and wound healing, and mast cell dysregulation can lead to fibrotic disease. Interestingly, in chronic GVHD, aberrant wound healing mechanisms lead to pathological fibrosis, but the cellular etiology driving this is not well-understood, although some studies have implicated mast cells. Given this novel role, we here review the literature for studies of mast cell involvement in the context of chronic GVHD. While there are few publications on this topic, the papers excellently characterized a niche for mast cells in chronic GVHD. These findings may be extended to other fibrosing diseases in order to better target mast cells or their mediators for treatment of fibrotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerhard Carl Hildebrandt
- Division of Hematology and Blood & Marrow Transplant, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
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29
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Kilinc E, Torun IE, Cetinkaya A, Tore F. Mast cell activation ameliorates pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats: The potential role for serotonin. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:2912-2924. [PMID: 33565644 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Mast cells are multifunctional immune cells that are also activated by stress. The effects of activated mast cells on epileptogenesis are not yet known. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of compound 48/80-stimulated mast cell activation on pentylenetetrazole-induced epileptic seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats were separated into seven groups (n = 12). Group-1(NS+PTZ) received intraperitoneal saline solution, while groups 2(C-48/80+PTZ-1), 3(C-48/80+PTZ-2), and 4(C-48/80+PTZ-3) received compound-48/80 at doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, respectively, 30 min before 45 mg/kg pentylenetetrazole administration. Similarly, Group-5(Cr+C-48/80+PTZ) received 10 mg/kg cromolyn plus 2 mg/kg compound-48/80 before pentylenetetrazole, and Group-6(MC Dep+C-48/80+PTZ) was exposed to a mast cell-depletion process, and then received 2 mg/kg compound-48/80. Group-7(5-HT+PTZ) received 10 mg/kg serotonin. Seizure stages were evaluated using Racine's scale. Compound-48/80 at 2 mg/kg induced anticonvulsive effects against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures by extending onset-times of both myoclonic-jerk and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (p = 0.0001), and by shortening the duration of generalized tonic-clonic seizure (p = 0.008). These effects were reversed by cromolyn (p = 0.0001). These effects were not observed in mast cell-depleted rats. Similarly to compound 48/80, serotonin also exhibited anticonvulsive effects against seizures (p < 0.05). Compound 48/80 acts as an anticonvulsant by activating mast cells in a dose-dependent manner. The anticonvulsive effects of mast cell activation may be mediated by serotonin. Mast cell activation may therefore provide protective activity against seizures under appropriate circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Kilinc
- Department of Physiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | | | - Ayhan Cetinkaya
- Department of Physiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tore
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Dong J, Chen L, Zhang Y, Jayaswal N, Mezghani I, Zhang W, Veves A. Mast Cells in Diabetes and Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Ther 2020; 37:4519-4537. [PMID: 32935286 PMCID: PMC7547971 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are granulated, immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are present in connective tissues. Apart from their classical role in allergies, MCs also mediate various inflammatory responses due to the nature of their secretory products. They are involved in important physiological and pathophysiological responses related to inflammation, chronic wounds, and autoimmune diseases. There are also indications that MCs are associated with diabetes and its complications. MCs and MC-derived mediators participate in all wound healing stages and are involved in the pathogenesis of non-healing, chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). More specifically, recent work has shown increased degranulation of skin MCs in human diabetes and diabetic mice, which is associated with impaired wound healing. Furthermore, MC stabilization, either systemic or local at the skin level, improves wound healing in diabetic mice. Understanding the precise role of MCs in wound progression and healing processes can be of critical importance as it can lead to the development of new targeted therapies for diabetic foot ulceration, one of the most devastating complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lihong Chen
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Navin Jayaswal
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ikram Mezghani
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- LanZhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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31
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Matsuda K, Arkwright PD, Mori Y, Oikawa MA, Muko R, Tanaka A, Matsuda H. A Rapid Shift from Chronic Hyperoxia to Normoxia Induces Systemic Anaphylaxis via Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Channels on Mast Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2959-2967. [PMID: 33097573 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Extensive activation of mast cells is the major switch that triggers systemic anaphylaxis, resulting in the subsequent release of anaphylactic mediators into circulation. We previously demonstrated that rapid changes in oxygen tension lead to mast cell degranulation, and the released tryptase triggers retinal angiogenesis in a murine oxygen-induced retinopathy model. However, whether a rapid shift from hyperoxia to normoxia (relative hypoxic stress) is a risk factor for systemic anaphylaxis remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the relative hypoxia stress induces systemic mast cell activation via transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels, which immediately leads to hypothermia and increased vascular permeability in adult mice. Although mast cell-deficient or TRPA1-deficient mice did not exhibit anaphylactic symptoms following a rapid sift to normoxia, preinjection with bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMCs) derived from wild-type TRPA1-expressing mice restored anaphylactic responses. In addition, we found that the rapid reductions in oxygen tension in a culture atmosphere triggered the degranulation of BMCMCs derived from wild-type TRPA1-expressing mice but not that of BMCMCs derived from TRPA1-deficient mice. In human LAD2 mast cells, the relative hypoxic stress led to the degranulation, which was suppressed by the addition of a TRPA1 inhibitor. Gradual reductions from hyperoxia to normoxia led to no anaphylactic symptoms. Our results demonstrated that TRPA1-triggered mast cell degranulation is a novel pathway that induces anaphylactic shock without Ag-Ab reactions. These findings introduce a potential role for oxygen in inducing mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis and highlight the need to reconsider chronic pure oxygen therapy for anoxic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Matsuda
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunity and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Oikawa
- Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, Equine Veterinary Medical Center, Doha, Qatar; and
| | - Ryo Muko
- Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan;
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32
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Ghafouri Z, Seyyedian S, Nikbakht J, Kouhsari E, Bayat S, Zargar H, Houshmand G. Effect of Sodium Cromoglycate on Acetic Acid-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 75:39-45. [PMID: 31986572 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2020.75.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that mainly involves the colon. Thus far, glucocorticoids and amino-salicylate have been the main treatment. Methods To assess drugs with fewer side effects, this study evaluated the effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) on acetic acid-induced UC in rats. The treatment groups included SCG receivers (50 and 100 mg/kg, intra-orally) and sulfasalazine (SSZ) receivers (100 mg/kg, intra-orally). The colonic mucosal injury was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, and histopathological examinations. Results In the treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG, the clinical activity score decreased to 2.67±0.18 and 1.73±0.21 (p<0.05), respectively, compared to the UC control group (3.21±0.31), and were higher than that of the group given the standard treatment of 100 mg/kg SSZ (1.10±0.09). The treatment groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of SCG showed a lower clinical gross lesion score than the UC control group (2.91±0.28 and 2.10±0.43, vs. 4.49±0.61, p<0.05) and were higher than the standard group (0.95±0.18). Treatment with SCG (100 mg/kg) decreased the macroscopic scores significantly compared to the UC control group (p<0.05) on the 8th day. Conclusions SCG (100mg/kg) decreased significantly the clinical activity score, gross lesion, and percentage-affected area compared to the UC controls on the 8th day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghafouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Genetics, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Seyyedian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Nikbakht
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Science, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.,Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sara Bayat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zargar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Houshmand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Gut and Liver Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Ud-Din S, Wilgus TA, Bayat A. Mast Cells in Skin Scarring: A Review of Animal and Human Research. Front Immunol 2020; 11:552205. [PMID: 33117341 PMCID: PMC7561364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.552205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are an important immune cell type in the skin and play an active role during wound healing. MCs produce mediators that can enhance acute inflammation, stimulate re-epithelialisation as well as angiogenesis, and promote skin scarring. There is also a link between MCs and abnormal pathological cutaneous scarring, with increased numbers of MCs found in hypertrophic scars and keloid disease. However, there has been conflicting data regarding the specific role of MCs in scar formation in both animal and human studies. Whilst animal studies have proved to be valuable in studying the MC phenomenon in wound healing, the appropriate translation of these findings to cutaneous wound healing and scar formation in human subjects remains crucial to elucidate the role of these cells and target treatment effectively. Therefore, this perspective paper will focus on evaluation of the current evidence for the role of MCs in skin scarring in both animals and humans in order to identify common themes and future areas for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ud-Din
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Traci A Wilgus
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,MRC-SA Wound Healing Unit, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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34
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Vinh LB, Nguyet NTM, Ye L, Dan G, Phong NV, Anh HLT, Kim YH, Kang JS, Yang SY, Hwang I. Enhancement of an In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Oleanolic Acid through Glycosylation Occurring Naturally in Stauntonia hexaphylla. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163699. [PMID: 32823787 PMCID: PMC7464308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae) has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Korea and China for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. As part of a bioprospecting program aimed at the discovery of new bioactive compounds from Korean medicinal plants, a phytochemical study of S. hexaphylla leaves was carried out leading to isolation of two oleanane-type triterpene saponins, 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl] oleanolic acid-28-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] ester (1) and 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid-28-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] ester (2). Their structures were established unambiguously by spectroscopic methods such as one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopies, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and chemical reactions. Their anti-inflammatory activities were examined for the first time with an animal model for the macrophage-mediated inflammatory response as well as a cell-based assay using an established macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) in vitro. Together, it was concluded that the saponin constituents, when they were orally administered, exerted much more potent activities in vivo than their sapogenin core even though both the saponins and the sapogenin molecule inhibited the RAW 264.7 cell activation comparably well in vitro. These results imply that saponins from S. hexaphylla leaves have a definite advantage in the development of oral medications for the control of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ba Vinh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Liu Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Gao Dan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Nguyen Viet Phong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Hoang Le Tuan Anh
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Thua Thien Hue 531600, Vietnam;
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.Y.); (I.H.); Tel.: +82-42-821-7321 (S.Y.Y.); +82-42-821-5922 (I.H.)
| | - Inkyu Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (L.B.V.); (N.T.M.N.); (L.Y.); (G.D.); (Y.H.K.); (J.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.Y.); (I.H.); Tel.: +82-42-821-7321 (S.Y.Y.); +82-42-821-5922 (I.H.)
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Varricchi G, Marone G, Kovanen PT. Cardiac Mast Cells: Underappreciated Immune Cells in Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Disease. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:734-746. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Theoharides TC. The impact of psychological stress on mast cells. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:388-392. [PMID: 32687989 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atopic diseases worsen with psychological stress, but how stress contributes to their pathogenesis is still not clear. We review the evidence supporting the premise that stress contributes to allergic and inflammatory processes through stimulation of mast cells (MCs) by neuroimmune stimuli. DATA SOURCES PubMed was searched between 1950 and 2019 using the following terms: allergies, atopic diseases, corticotropin-releasing hormone, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, mast cells, mastocytosis, neuropeptides, psychological stress, neurotensin, and substance P. STUDY SELECTIONS Only articles published in English were selected based on their relevance to stress and MCs, especially those that discussed potential mechanisms of action. RESULTS Psychological stress worsens many diseases, especially asthma, atopic dermatitis, and mastocytosis. This effect is mediated through MCs stimulated by neuropeptides, especially corticotropin-releasing hormone, neurotensin, and substance P, a process augmented by interleukin-33. CONCLUSION Understanding how stress stimulates MCs to release proinflammatory mediators is important in advancing treatments for diseases that worsen with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Sestili P, Stocchi V. Repositioning Chromones for Early Anti-inflammatory Treatment of COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:854. [PMID: 32581809 PMCID: PMC7289983 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is posing an unprecedented sanitary threat. In the absence of specific vaccines and anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs, medicines that may assist in tackling the emergency and limiting the high number of fatalities are urgently needed. The repositioning of available drugs to treat COVID-19 is the only and rapid option in the face of the lack of direct antiviral agents and vaccines available. In this light it is important to focus on available drugs, which, based on their pharmacodynamics, could plausibly attenuate viral growth as well as COVID-19’s worst complications. This is the case of chloroquine and tocilizumab which seem to limit virus replication and the severity of interstitial pneumonia, respectively. However, these treatments, particularly those aimed at containing inflammation, are still reserved for the most severe cases. This commentary elaborates on the pharmacological rationale of repositioning the mast cell stabilizer chromones as an adjunctive treatment for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and proposes their practical clinical testing as an early, safe, and cost-effective anti-inflammatory intervention in COVID-19 to limit the eventual secondary progression toward life-threatening respiratory complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DISB), Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DISB), Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Sun DL, Qi YX, Yang T, Lin YY, Li SM, Li YJ, Xu QW, Sun YB, Li WM, Chen XZ, Xu PY. Early oral nutrition improves postoperative ileus through the TRPA1/CCK1-R-mediated mast cell-nerve axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:179. [PMID: 32309326 PMCID: PMC7154392 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The mechanism of early oral nutrition that regulates the mast cell-nerve axis to improve postoperative ileus (POI) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether early oral nutrition can improve POI through Transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1)/cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1-R) in the mast cell-nerve axis. Methods Experiment 1: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the TRPA1 inhibitor + oral nutrition group (TI + ON + POI), oral nutrition group (ON + POI), POI group (POI) and sham surgery group (Sham). Nine rats in each group were treated. Experiment 2: Primary cultures of mast cells and dorsal root ganglion cells were created, and a non-contact co-culture system was established. The cells were divided into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) group, mast cell group, DRG + mast cell group, TRPA1 inhibitor or enhancer group, mast cell stabilizer or enhancer group, CCK1-R inhibitor or enhancer group. The results of expression of TRPA1, CCK1-R and histamine in colon tissue, portal vein blood, supernatant or dorsal root ganglia, intestinal transport test and mast cell morphology were analysed. Results In experiment 1, Early oral nutrition could alleviate the degranulation and activation of mast cells and alleviate the inflammatory reaction of intestinal wall muscles (P<0.05). Early oral nutrition improved POI by stabilizing mast cells with TRPA1. TRPA1 inhibitor decreased CCK1-R concentrations in portal vein blood and CCK1-R expression in colonic smooth muscle (P<0.05). In experiment 2, the change in mast cell function regulated the secretion of CCK1-R by neurons, CCK1-R negatively regulated the degranulation and activation of mast cells (P<0.05), and mast cells positively regulated the expression of TRPA1 protein in DRG (P<0.05). Conclusions Early enteral nutrition can improve POI through the TRPA1/CCK1-R-mediated mast cell-nerve axis. TRPA1 positively regulates CCK1-R to stabilize mast cells, but TRPA1 is not the target of the downstream CCK1-R pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Li Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yu-Xing Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yue-Ying Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Shu-Min Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yi-Jun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Qing-Wen Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yan-Bo Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Xiong-Zhi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
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Sahid MNA, Liu S, Mogi M, Maeyama K. Tachykinin-1 receptor antagonism suppresses substance-P- and compound 48/80-induced mast cell activation from rat mast cells expressing functional mas-related GPCR B3. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:289-298. [PMID: 31993675 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mice and rats are important animal models for mast cell (MC) study. However, rat Mas-related-GPCR-B3 receptor (MRGPRB3) has been less studied than its mouse counterpart. Therefore, we aimed to characterize rat MRGPRB3. METHODS Mrgprb3 mRNA expression was assessed in peritoneal cells (RPCs) and peritoneal MCs (RPMCs) of wild-type rats, RPCs of MC-deficient rats, and RBL-2H3 cells by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RPMCs, MRGPRX2-transfected and non-transfected RBL-2H3 cells were activated by 15-30 min incubation with DNP-BSA, substance-P (SP), or compound-48/80. L732138 or CP96344 was used as a tachykinin/neurokinin-1-receptor antagonist. Histamine release from MCs was measured by HPLC fluorometry. RESULTS Mrgprb3 mRNA expression was found in all cells, with the highest level in wild-type RPCs. All cells responded to DNP-BSA, but only MRGPRX2-transfected-RBL-2H3 cells and RPMCs responded to all activators. L732138 (0.1-10 μM) and CP96344 (1-100 μM) suppressed SP (10 μM)-induced RPMC activation. L732138 inhibition was dose independent, whereas CP96344 inhibition occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, only CP96344 suppressed SP (100 μM)- and compound-48/80 (10 μg/mL)-induced RPMC activation. CONCLUSIONS RPMCs expressing functional MRGPRB3 response upon MRGPRX2 ligands to regulated MC-mediated activities. It`s provide novel insights for future pseudo-allergic studies in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad N A Sahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Maeyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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Olivera A, Rivera J. Paradigm Shifts in Mast Cell and Basophil Biology and Function: An Emerging View of Immune Regulation in Health and Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2163:3-31. [PMID: 32766962 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0696-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The physiological role of the mast cell and basophil has for many years remained enigmatic. In this chapter, we briefly summarize some of the more recent studies that shed new light on the role of mast cells and basophils in health and disease. What we gain from these studies is a new appreciation for mast cells and basophils as sentinels in host defense and a further understanding that dysregulation of mast cell and basophil function can be a component of various diseases other than allergies. Perhaps the most important insight reaped from this work is the increasing awareness that mast cells and basophils can function as immunoregulatory cells that modulate the immune response in health and disease. Collectively, the recent knowledge provides new challenges and opportunities toward the development of novel therapeutic strategies to augment host protection and modify disease through manipulation of mast cell and basophil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Olivera
- Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunogenetics, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Juan Rivera
- Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunogenetics, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Khodoun MV, Morris SC, Angerman E, Potter C, Schuman R, Wunderlich M, Maciag JJ, Sullivan Locker KC, Mulloy JC, Herr AB, Finkelman FD. Rapid desensitization of humanized mice with anti-human FcεRIα monoclonal antibodies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:907-921.e3. [PMID: 31836406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaphylaxis is classically mediated by allergen cross-linking of IgE bound to the α chain of FcεRI, the mast cell/basophil high affinity IgE receptor. Allergen cross-linking of the IgE/FcεRI complex activates these cells, inducing release of disease-causing mediators, cytokines, and enzymes. We previously demonstrated that IgE-mediated anaphylaxis could be safely prevented in wild-type BALB/c mice by rapid desensitization with anti-mouse FcεRIα mAb. OBJECTIVE This study sought to use humanized mice to extend these results to humans. METHODS We actively immunized huFcεRIα/F709 mice, which express human (hu) instead of mouse FcεRIα and a mutant IL-4 receptor that lacks inhibitory function. We passively immunized huFcεRIα mice, as well as human cord blood-reconstituted reNSGS mice, which are immune-deficient, produce mast cell-stimulating human cytokines, and develop numerous human mast cells. For desensitization, we used anti-huFcεRIα mAbs that bind FcεRIα regardless of its association with IgE (noncompeting mAbs), and/or mAbs that compete with IgE for huFcεRIα binding (competing mAbs). Anaphylaxis was induced by intravenous injection of antigen or anti-huIgE mAb. RESULTS Anti-huFcεRIα mAb rapid desensitization was safer and more effective than allergen rapid desensitization and suppressed anaphylaxis more rapidly than omalizumab or ligelizumab. Rapid desensitization of naïve, IgE-sensitized huFcεRIα mice and huFcεRIα/F709 mice that were egg-allergic with anti-FcεRIα mAbs safely removed >98% of IgE from peritoneal mast cells and completely suppressed IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. Rapid desensitization of reNSGS mice with anti-FcεRIα mAbs also safely removed ∼98% of mast cell IgE and prevented IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. CONCLUSIONS Rapid desensitization with anti-FcεRIα mAbs may be a safe, effective, and practical way to prevent IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat V Khodoun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Suzanne C Morris
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth Angerman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Crystal Potter
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joseph J Maciag
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrew B Herr
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Fred D Finkelman
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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Weiskirchen R, Meurer SK, Liedtke C, Huber M. Mast Cells in Liver Fibrogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:E1429. [PMID: 31766207 PMCID: PMC6912398 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are present in the connective tissue throughout the body and in mucosa tissue. They originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and circulate as MC progenitors in the blood. After migration to various tissues, they differentiate into their mature form, which is characterized by a phenotype containing large granules enriched in a variety of bioactive compounds, including histamine and heparin. These cells can be activated in a receptor-dependent and -independent manner. Particularly, the activation of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, also known as FcεRI, that is expressed on the surface of MCs provoke specific signaling cascades that leads to intracellular calcium influx, activation of different transcription factors, degranulation, and cytokine production. Therefore, MCs modulate many aspects in physiological and pathological conditions, including wound healing, defense against pathogens, immune tolerance, allergy, anaphylaxis, autoimmune defects, inflammation, and infectious and other disorders. In the liver, MCs are mainly associated with connective tissue located in the surrounding of the hepatic arteries, veins, and bile ducts. Recent work has demonstrated a significant increase in MC number during hepatic injury, suggesting an important role of these cells in liver disease and progression. In the present review, we summarize aspects of MC function and mediators in experimental liver injury, their interaction with other hepatic cell types, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Tellechea A, Bai S, Dangwal S, Theocharidis G, Nagai M, Koerner S, Cheong JE, Bhasin S, Shih TY, Zheng Y, Zhao W, Zhang C, Li X, Kounas K, Panagiotidou S, Theoharides T, Mooney D, Bhasin M, Sun L, Veves A. Topical Application of a Mast Cell Stabilizer Improves Impaired Diabetic Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:901-911.e11. [PMID: 31568772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing in the diabetic foot is a major problem often leading to amputation. Mast cells have been shown to regulate wound healing in diabetes. We developed an indole-carboxamide type mast cell stabilizer, MCS-01, which proved to be an effective mast cell degranulation inhibitor in vitro and can be delivered topically for prolonged periods through controlled release by specifically designed alginate bandages. In diabetic mice, both pre- and post-wounding, topical MCS-01 application accelerated wound healing comparable to that achieved with systemic mast cell stabilization. Moreover, MCS-01 altered the macrophage phenotype, promoting classically activated polarization. Bulk transcriptome analysis from wounds treated with MCS-01 or placebo showed that MCS-01 significantly modulated the mRNA and microRNA profile of diabetic wounds, stimulated upregulation of pathways linked to acute inflammation and immune cell migration, and activated the NF-κB complex along with other master regulators of inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of 6,154 cells from wounded and unwounded mouse skin revealed that MCS-01 primarily altered the gene expression of mast cells, monocytes, and keratinocytes. Taken together, these findings offer insights into the process of diabetic wound healing and suggest topical mast cell stabilization as a potentially successful treatment for diabetic foot ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tellechea
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sha Bai
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seema Dangwal
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Institute for Translational and Therapeutics Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georgios Theocharidis
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masa Nagai
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steffi Koerner
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jae Eun Cheong
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swati Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Shih
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - YongJun Zheng
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wanni Zhao
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Konstantinos Kounas
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Smaro Panagiotidou
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Drug, Discovery Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theoharis Theoharides
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Drug, Discovery Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Theoharides TC, Tsilioni I, Ren H. Recent advances in our understanding of mast cell activation - or should it be mast cell mediator disorders? Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:639-656. [PMID: 30884251 PMCID: PMC7003574 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1596800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An increasing number of patients present with multiple symptoms affecting many organs including the brain due to multiple mediators released by mast cells. These unique tissue immune cells are critical for allergic reactions triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE), but are also stimulated (not activated) by immune, drug, environmental, food, infectious, and stress triggers, leading to secretion of multiple mediators often without histamine and tryptase. The presentation, diagnosis, and management of the spectrum of mast cell disorders are very confusing. As a result, neuropsychiatric symptoms have been left out, and diagnostic criteria made stricter excluding most patients. Areas covered: A literature search was performed on papers published between January 1990 and November 2018 using MEDLINE. Terms used were activation, antihistamines, atopy, autism, brain fog, heparin, KIT mutation, IgE, inflammation, IL-6, IL-31, IL-37, luteolin, mast cells, mastocytosis, mediators, mycotoxins, release, secretion, tetramethoxyluteolin, and tryptase. Expert opinion: Conditions associated with elevated serum or urine levels of any mast cell mediator, in the absence of comorbidities that could explain elevated levels, should be considered 'Mast Cell Mediator Disorders (MCMD).' Emphasis should be placed on the identification of unique mast cell mediators, and development of drugs or supplements that inhibit their release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C. Theoharides
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene Tsilioni
- Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huali Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Huang Q, Wang X, Deng Z, Li J, Yan X, Jauhiainen M, Metso J, Libby P, Liu J, Shi GP. Dietary cholesterol is essential to mast cell activation and associated obesity and diabetes in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1690-1700. [PMID: 30978390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) deficiency in KitW-sh/W-sh mice and inhibition with disodium chromoglycate (DSCG) or ketotifen reduced obesity and diabetes in mice on a high-cholesterol (1.25%) Western diet. Yet, Kit-independent MC-deficient mice and mice treated with DSCG disproved MC function in obesity and diabetes when mice are fed a high-fat diet (HFD) that contains no cholesterol. This study reproduced the obesity and diabetes inhibitory activities of DSCG and ketotifen from mice on a Western diet. Yet, such inhibitory effects were diminished in mice on the HFD. DSCG and ketotifen MC inhibitory activities were recovered from mice on the HFD supplemented with the same amount of cholesterol (1.25%) as that in the Western diet. DSCG and ketotifen effectively blunted the high-cholesterol diet-induced elevations of blood histamine and adipose tissue MC degranulation. Pearson's correlation test demonstrated significant and positive correlations between plasma histamine and total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL). In cultured bone marrow-derived MCs, plasma from mice following a Western diet or a cholesterol-supplemented HFD, but not those from HFD-fed mice, induced MC degranulation and the release of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, and serotonin. IgE, LDL, very low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein also induced MC activation, which can be inhibited by DSCG and ketotifen depending on the doses and types of MC inhibitors and cholesterol, and also the MC granule molecules of interest. DSCG or ketotifen lost their activities in inhibiting LDL-induced activation of MCs from LDL receptor-deficient mice. These results indicate that dietary cholesterol critically influences the function of mouse MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Geriatrics, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Geriatrics, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and biomarkers unit, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Metso
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and biomarkers unit, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Arac A, Grimbaldeston MA, Galli SJ, Bliss TM, Steinberg GK. Meningeal Mast Cells as Key Effectors of Stroke Pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:126. [PMID: 31001088 PMCID: PMC6457367 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States. Because post-stroke inflammation is a critical determinant of damage and recovery after stroke, understanding the interplay between the immune system and the brain after stroke holds much promise for therapeutic intervention. An understudied, but important aspect of this interplay is the role of meninges that surround the brain. All blood vessels travel through the meningeal space before entering the brain parenchyma, making the meninges ideally located to act as an immune gatekeeper for the underlying parenchyma. Emerging evidence suggests that the actions of immune cells resident in the meninges are essential for executing this gatekeeper function. Mast cells (MCs), best known as proinflammatory effector cells, are one of the long-term resident immune cells in the meninges. Here, we discuss recent findings in the literature regarding the role of MCs located in the meningeal space and stroke pathology. We review the latest advances in mouse models to investigate the roles of MCs and MC-derived products in vivo, and the importance of using these mouse models. We examine the concept of the meninges playing a critical role in brain and immune interactions, reevaluate the perspectives on the key effectors of stroke pathology, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Arac
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Tonya M. Bliss
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Stroke Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gary K. Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Stroke Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Legere SA, Haidl ID, Légaré JF, Marshall JS. Mast Cells in Cardiac Fibrosis: New Insights Suggest Opportunities for Intervention. Front Immunol 2019; 10:580. [PMID: 31001246 PMCID: PMC6455071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are innate immune cells present in virtually all body tissues with key roles in allergic disease and host defense. MCs recognize damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through expression of multiple receptors including Toll-like receptors and the IL-33 receptor ST2. MCs can be activated to degranulate and release pre-formed mediators, to synthesize and secrete cytokines and chemokines without degranulation, and/or to produce lipid mediators. MC numbers are generally increased at sites of fibrosis. They are potent, resident, effector cells producing mediators that regulate the fibrotic process. The nature of the secretory products produced by MCs depend on micro-environmental signals and can be both pro- and anti-fibrotic. MCs have been repeatedly implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis and in angiogenic responses in hypoxic tissues, but these findings are controversial. Several rodent studies have indicated a protective role for MCs. MC-deficient mice have been reported to have poorer outcomes after coronary artery ligation and increased cardiac function upon MC reconstitution. In contrast, MCs have also been implicated as key drivers of fibrosis. MC stabilization during a hypertensive rat model and an atrial fibrillation mouse model rescued associated fibrosis. Discrepancies in the literature could be related to problems with mouse models of MC deficiency. To further complicate the issue, mice generally have a much lower density of MCs in their cardiac tissue than humans, and as such comparing MC deficient and MC containing mouse models is not necessarily reflective of the role of MCs in human disease. In this review, we will evaluate the literature regarding the role of MCs in cardiac fibrosis with an emphasis on what is known about MC biology, in this context. MCs have been well-studied in allergic disease and multiple pharmacological tools are available to regulate their function. We will identify potential opportunities to manipulate human MC function and the impact of their mediators with a view to preventing or reducing harmful fibrosis. Important therapeutic opportunities could arise from increased understanding of the impact of such potent, resident immune cells, with the ability to profoundly alter long term fibrotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Legere
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ian D. Haidl
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean-François Légaré
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jean S. Marshall
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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48
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Metabolitic profiling of amino acids in paraquat-induced acute kidney injury. Clin Exp Nephrol 2019; 23:474-483. [PMID: 30859350 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-019-01702-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbicide paraquat (1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipyridylium dichloride; PQ) is a poison well-known to cause delayed mortality due to acute kidney injuries (AKI). This study examines the changes in serum amino acids (AAs) metabolite profiles as surrogate markers of renal cell metabolism and function after paraquat poisoning. METHODS To identify the metabolic profiling of free serum AAs and its metabolites, serum from 40 paraquat-poisoned patients with or without AKI is collected. LC-MS/GC-MS is performed to analyze AA molecules. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess for incidence of AKI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is applied to evaluate AKI occurrence and prognosis. RESULTS A total of 102 serum AAs and its metabolites were identified. Compared with non-AKI patients, 37 varied significantly in AKI patients. The univariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis revealed that the estimated PQ amount, plasma PQ concentration, urine PQ concentration, APACHE, SOFA scores and 16 amino acids correlated with the incidence of AKI. Further analyses revealed that 3-methylglutarylcarnitine, 1-methylimidazoleacetate, and urea showed higher cumulative hazard ratios for the occurrence of AKI during follow-up (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of 3-methylglutarylcarnitine, 1-methylimidazoleacetate and urea were 0.917, 0.857, 0.872, respectively. CONCLUSION 3-methylglutarylcarnitine, 1-methylimidazoleacetate and urea were associated with AKI in patients with paraquat intoxication.
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Kiyoi T, Liu S, Sahid MNA, Shudou M, Ogasawara M, Mogi M, Maeyama K. Morphological and functional analysis of beige (Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome) mouse mast cells with giant granules. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:202-212. [PMID: 30738290 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease that causes hypopigmentation, recurrent infections, mild coagulation defects and neurological problems. Beige mice carry a mutation in the lysosome trafficking regulator (LYST) gene and display some of the key characteristics of human Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome, in particular, a high susceptibility to infection due to aberrant natural killer (NK) cell and polymorphonuclear leucocyte function. Morphological analysis of beige mice reveals the presence of enlarged lysosomes in a variety of cell types, including leucocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts and renal tubule cells. To examine the process of granule maturation and degranulation in beige mice mast cells, morphological studies have been conducted using a combination of electrophysiological techniques; however, few functional studies have been conducted with mast cells, such as mediator release. The aim of the present study was to determine the morphological and functional characteristics of skin and peritoneal mast cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells of homozygous (bg/bg) and heterozygous (bg/+) beige mice and wild-type (+/+) mice. The histamine concentration was lower in the peritoneal and bone marrow-derived mast cells of bg/bg mice compared with those of bg/+ and +/+ mice, but the histamine release response was potentiated. In vivo studies of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis showed no differences between bg/bg mice and either bg/+ or +/+ mice. Although bg/bg mast cells with enlarged granules display specific exocytotic processes in vitro, the consequences of mast cell activation in beige mice were similar to those of wild-type mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kiyoi
- Division of Analytical Bio-medicine, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Muhammad Novrizal Abdi Sahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masachika Shudou
- Division of Analytical Bio-medicine, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masahito Ogasawara
- Department of Pathogenesis and Control of Oral Diseases, Division of Dental Pharmacology, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Kazutaka Maeyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Abstract
Fibrosis is a medical condition characterized by an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix compounds such as collagen in tissues. Fibrotic lesions are present in many diseases and can affect all organs. The excessive extracellular matrix accumulation in these conditions can often have serious consequences and in many cases be life-threatening. A typical event seen in many fibrotic conditions is a profound accumulation of mast cells (MCs), suggesting that these cells can contribute to the pathology. Indeed, there is now substantialv evidence pointing to an important role of MCs in fibrotic disease. However, investigations from various clinical settings and different animal models have arrived at partly contradictory conclusions as to how MCs affect fibrosis, with many studies suggesting a detrimental role of MCs whereas others suggest that MCs can be protective. Here, we review the current knowledge of how MCs can affect fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bradding
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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