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Liu S, Zhou T, Tan X, Mtemi WM, Jiang A. Stochastic processes shape the functional and phylogenetic structure of bird assemblages at the mine area in southwest China. Curr Zool 2024; 70:204-213. [PMID: 38726258 PMCID: PMC11078063 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of community assembly is a key question in ecology. Metal pollution may result in significant changes in bird community structure and diversity, with implications for ecosystem processes and function. However, the relative importance of these processes in shaping the bird community at the polluted area is still not clear. Here, we explored bird species richness, functional, and phylogenetic diversity, and the assembly processes of community at the mine region of southwest China. Our results showed that the 3 dimensions of diversity at the mine area were lower than that at the reference sites. In the community assembly, the result was 0 < NRI/ NFRI < 1.96, which indicated deterministic processes (environmental filtering) might drive community clustering. The results of the neutral community model, and normalized stochasticity ratio, showed the dominant role of stochastic processes in shaping the bird community assembly. We further quantified the community-level habitat niche breadth (Bcom), and we found that there was no difference in Bcom-value between the mine area and reference sites. This indicates that the bird communities at the mine area and 3 reference sites were not subjected to extreme environmental selection (same or different resource allocation) to form a highly specialized niche. These findings provide insights into the distribution patterns and dominant ecological processes of bird communities under metal exposure, and extend the knowledge in community assembly mechanisms of bird communities living in the mine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tianlong Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaocai Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wambura M Mtemi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Aiwu Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
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2
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Liang JC, Ding ZF, Li CL, Hu YM, Zhou ZX, Lie GW, Niu XN, Huang WB, Hu HJ, Si XF. Patterns and drivers of avian taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity in China vary across geographical backgrounds and dispersal abilities. Zool Res 2024; 45:125-135. [PMID: 38114438 PMCID: PMC10839669 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Geographical background and dispersal ability may strongly influence assemblage dissimilarity; however, these aspects have generally been overlooked in previous large-scale beta diversity studies. Here, we examined whether the patterns and drivers of taxonomic beta diversity (TBD) and phylogenetic beta diversity (PBD) of breeding birds in China vary across (1) regions on both sides of the Hu Line, which demarcates China's topographical, climatic, economic, and social patterns, and (2) species with different dispersal ability. TBD and PBD were calculated and partitioned into turnover and nestedness components using a moving window approach. Variables representing climate, habitat heterogeneity, and habitat quality were employed to evaluate the effects of environmental filtering. Spatial distance was considered to assess the impact of dispersal limitation. Variance partitioning analysis was applied to assess the relative roles of these variables. In general, the values of TBD and PBD were high in mountainous areas and were largely determined by environmental filtering. However, different dominant environmental filters on either side of the Hu Line led to divergent beta diversity patterns. Specifically, climate-driven species turnover and habitat heterogeneity-related species nestedness dominated the regions east and west of the line, respectively. Additionally, bird species with stronger dispersal ability were more susceptible to environmental filtering, resulting in more homogeneous assemblages. Our results indicated that regions with distinctive geographical backgrounds may present different ecological factors that lead to divergent assemblage dissimilarity patterns, and dispersal ability determines the response of assemblages to these ecological factors. Identifying a single universal explanation for the observed pattern without considering these aspects may lead to simplistic or incomplete conclusions. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of large-scale beta diversity patterns and effective planning of conservation strategies necessitate the consideration of both geographical background and species dispersal ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chao Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Ding
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Chun-Lin Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yi-Ming Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Gan-Wen Lie
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Niu
- Huizhou Institute of Forestry (Huizhou Botanical Garden Management Service Center), Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
| | - Wen-Bin Huang
- Administration of National Nature Reserve for Marine Ecology of Guangdong Nanpeng Islands, Shantou, Guangdong 515900, China
| | - Hui-Jian Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China. E-mail:
| | - Xing-Feng Si
- Zhejiang Zhoushan Archipelago Observation and Research Station, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. E-mail:
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3
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Overcast I, Noguerales V, Meramveliotakis E, Andújar C, Arribas P, Creedy TJ, Emerson BC, Vogler AP, Papadopoulou A, Morlon H. Inferring the ecological and evolutionary determinants of community genetic diversity. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6093-6109. [PMID: 37221561 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relative contributions of ecological and evolutionary processes to the structuring of ecological communities is needed to improve our ability to predict how communities may respond to future changes in an increasingly human-modified world. Metabarcoding methods make it possible to gather population genetic data for all species within a community, unlocking a new axis of data to potentially unveil the origins and maintenance of biodiversity at local scales. Here, we present a new eco-evolutionary simulation model for investigating community assembly dynamics using metabarcoding data. The model makes joint predictions of species abundance, genetic variation, trait distributions and phylogenetic relationships under a wide range of parameter settings (e.g. high speciation/low dispersal or vice versa) and across a range of community states, from pristine and unmodified to heavily disturbed. We first demonstrate that parameters governing metacommunity and local community processes leave detectable signatures in simulated biodiversity data axes. Next, using a simulation-based machine learning approach we show that neutral and non-neutral models are distinguishable and that reasonable estimates of several model parameters within the local community can be obtained using only community-scale genetic data, while phylogenetic information is required to estimate those describing metacommunity dynamics. Finally, we apply the model to soil microarthropod metabarcoding data from the Troodos mountains of Cyprus, where we find that communities in widespread forest habitats are structured by neutral processes, while high-elevation and isolated habitats act as an abiotic filter generating non-neutral community structure. We implement our model within the ibiogen R package, a package dedicated to the investigation of island, and more generally community-scale, biodiversity using community-scale genetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Overcast
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA
| | - Víctor Noguerales
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Carmelo Andújar
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Paula Arribas
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Thomas J Creedy
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Brent C Emerson
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Anna Papadopoulou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Hélène Morlon
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
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Mercado-Díaz JA, Lücking R, Moncada B, C St E Campbell K, Delnatte C, Familia L, Falcón-Hidalgo B, Motito-Marín A, Rivera-Queralta Y, Widhelm TJ, Thorsten Lumbsch H. Species assemblages of insular Caribbean Sticta (lichenized Ascomycota: Peltigerales) over ecological and evolutionary time scales. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023:107830. [PMID: 37247703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic approaches to macroevolution have provided unique insight into evolutionary relationships, ancestral ranges, and diversification patterns for many taxa. Similar frameworks have also been developed to assess how environmental and/or spatial variables shape species diversity and distribution patterns at different spatial/temporal scales, but studies implementing these are still scarce for many groups, including lichens. Here, we combine phylogeny-based ancestral range reconstruction and diversification analysis with community phylogenetics to reconstruct evolutionary origins and assess patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic relatedness between island communities of the lichenized fungal genus Sticta in the Caribbean. Sampling was carried out in the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico) and Lesser Antilles (Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Martinique). Data for six molecular loci were obtained for 64 candidate Caribbean species and used to perform both macroevolutionary phylogenetics, which also included worldwide taxa, and phylobetadiversity analyses, which emphasized island-level communities. Our work uncovered high levels of island endemism (∼59%) in Caribbean Sticta. We estimate initial colonization of the region occurred about 19 Mya from a South American ancestor. Reverse migration events by Caribbean lineages to South America were also inferred. We found no evidence for increased diversification rates associated with range expansion into the Caribbean. Taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover between island-level communities was most strongly correlated with environmental variation rather than with geographic distance. We observed less dissimilarity among communities from the Dominican Republic and Jamaica than between these islands and the Lesser Antilles/Puerto Rico. High levels of hidden diversity and endemism in Caribbean Sticta reaffirm that islands are crucial for the maintenance of global biodiversity of lichenized fungi. Altogether, our findings suggest that strong evolutionary links exist between Caribbean and South American biotas but at regional scales, species assemblages exhibit complex taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships that are determined by local environments and shared evolutionary histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Mercado-Díaz
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U.S.A; Science & Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A.
| | - Robert Lücking
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bibiana Moncada
- Licenciatura en Biología, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Cra. 4 No. 26B-54, Torre de Laboratorios, Herbario, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Keron C St E Campbell
- Natural History Museum of Jamaica, Institute of Jamaica, 10-16 East Street, Kingston, Jamaica.
| | - Cesar Delnatte
- Biotope Amazonie, 3 rue Mezin Gildon, F-97354 Rémire-Montjoly, Guyane française.
| | - Lemuel Familia
- Departamento de Vida Silvestre, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Avenida Cayetano Germosén esq. Avenida Gregorio Luperón, Ensanche El Pedregal, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.
| | - Banessa Falcón-Hidalgo
- Jardín Botánico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, Carretera "El Rocío" km 3.5, Calabazar, Boyeros, La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Angel Motito-Marín
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad (BioEco), Código Postal 90100, José A. Saco 601, Esquina Barnada, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
| | - Yoira Rivera-Queralta
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad (BioEco), Código Postal 90100, José A. Saco 601, Esquina Barnada, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
| | - Todd J Widhelm
- Science & Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A.
| | - H Thorsten Lumbsch
- Science & Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A.
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5
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Williamson JL, Linck EB, Bautista E, Smiley A, McGuire JA, Dudley R, Witt CC. Hummingbird blood traits track oxygen availability across space and time. Ecol Lett 2023. [PMID: 37178017 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Predictable trait variation across environments suggests shared adaptive responses via repeated genetic evolution, phenotypic plasticity or both. Matching of trait-environment associations at phylogenetic and individual scales implies consistency between these processes. Alternatively, mismatch implies that evolutionary divergence has changed the rules of trait-environment covariation. Here we tested whether species adaptation alters elevational variation in blood traits. We measured blood for 1217 Andean hummingbirds of 77 species across a 4600-m elevational gradient. Unexpectedly, elevational variation in haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) was scale independent, suggesting that physics of gas exchange, rather than species differences, determines responses to changing oxygen pressure. However, mechanisms of [Hb] adjustment did show signals of species adaptation: Species at either low or high elevations adjusted cell size, whereas species at mid-elevations adjusted cell number. This elevational variation in red blood cell number versus size suggests that genetic adaptation to high altitude has changed how these traits respond to shifts in oxygen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Williamson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ethan B Linck
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emil Bautista
- Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Peru
| | - Ashley Smiley
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jimmy A McGuire
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert Dudley
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher C Witt
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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6
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Barreto E, Lim MCW, Rojas D, Dávalos LM, Wüest RO, Machac A, Graham CH. Morphology and niche evolution influence hummingbird speciation rates. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221793. [PMID: 37072043 PMCID: PMC10113027 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
How traits affect speciation is a long-standing question in evolution. We investigate whether speciation rates are affected by the traits themselves or by the rates of their evolution, in hummingbirds, a clade with great variation in speciation rates, morphology and ecological niches. Further, we test two opposing hypotheses, postulating that speciation rates are promoted by trait conservatism or, alternatively, by trait divergence. To address these questions, we analyse morphological (body mass and bill length) and niche traits (temperature and precipitation position and breadth, and mid-elevation), using a variety of methods to estimate speciation rates and correlate them with traits and their evolutionary rates. When it comes to the traits, we find faster speciation in smaller hummingbirds with shorter bills, living at higher elevations and experiencing greater temperature ranges. As for the trait evolutionary rates, we find that speciation increases with rates of divergence in the niche traits, but not in the morphological traits. Together, these results reveal the interplay of mechanisms through which different traits and their evolutionary rates (conservatism or divergence) influence the origination of hummingbird diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barreto
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marisa C. W. Lim
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Danny Rojas
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali, Cl. 18 #118-250, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Liliana M. Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Consortium for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, Stony Brook University, 129 Dana Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Rafael O. Wüest
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Antonin Machac
- Villum Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity and Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and the Czech Academy of Science, Jilska 1, 11000 Prague, Czechia
- Department of Ecology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague, Czechia
| | - Catherine H. Graham
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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7
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Nieto A, Wüest RO, Graham CH, Varassin IG. Diel niche partitioning of a plant-hummingbird network in the Atlantic forest of Brazil. Oecologia 2023; 201:1025-1037. [PMID: 37027042 PMCID: PMC10113301 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Niche partitioning is an important mechanism that allows species to coexist. Within mutualistic interaction networks, diel niche partitioning, i.e., partitioning of resources throughout the day, has been neglected. We explored diel niche partitioning of a plant-hummingbird network in the Brazilian Atlantic forest for nine months. To evaluate diel patterns of hummingbird visits and nectar production, we used time-lapse cameras on focal flowers and repeated nectar volume and concentration measures, respectively. Additionally, we measured flower abundance around focal flowers and flower morphological traits. We did not observe diel partitioning for either hummingbirds or plants. Instead, hummingbirds appeared to specialize in different plant species, consistent with trophic niche partitioning, potentially resulting from competition. In contrast, plant species that co-flowered and shared hummingbird visits produced nectar during similar times, consistent with facilitation. Our focus on the fine-scale temporal pattern revealed that plants and hummingbirds appear to have different strategies for promoting co-existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nieto
- Laboratório de Interações e Biologia Reprodutiva, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Rafael O Wüest
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Catherine H Graham
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Isabela G Varassin
- Laboratório de Interações e Biologia Reprodutiva, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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8
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Revelo Hernández DC, Baldwin JW, Londoño GA. Ecological drivers and consequences of torpor in Andean hummingbirds. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222099. [PMID: 36919431 PMCID: PMC10015325 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily torpor allows endotherms to save energy during energetically stressful (e.g. cold) conditions. Although studies on avian torpor have mostly been conducted under laboratory conditions, information on the usage of torpor in the wild is limited to few, predominantly temperate-zone species. We studied torpor under seminatural conditions from 249 individuals from 29 hummingbird species across a 1920 m elevational gradient in the western Andes of Colombia using cloacal thermistors. Small birds were more likely to use torpor than large birds, but only at low ambient temperatures, where torpor was prolonged. We also found effects of proxy variables for body condition and energy expenditure on the use of torpor, its characteristics, and impacts. Our results suggest that context-dependency and phylogenetic variation in the probability of deploying torpor can help understand clade-wide patterns of elevational distribution in Andean hummingbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin W. Baldwin
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Gustavo A. Londoño
- Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali, Colombia
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9
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Stewart ECD, Bribiesca‐Contreras G, Taboada S, Wiklund H, Ravara A, Pape E, De Smet B, Neal L, Cunha MR, Jones DOB, Smith CR, Glover AG, Dahlgren TG. Biodiversity, biogeography, and connectivity of polychaetes in the world's largest marine minerals exploration frontier. DIVERS DISTRIB 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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10
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Massante JC, Gastauer M. Evolutionary history of marginal habitats regulates the diversity of tree communities in the Atlantic Forest. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:261-274. [PMID: 36048726 PMCID: PMC9992936 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot is a complex mosaic of habitat types. However, the diversity of the rain forest at the core of this complex has received far more attention than that of its marginal habitats, such as cloud forest, semi-deciduous forest or restinga. Here, we investigate broad-scale angiosperm tree diversity patterns along elevation gradients in the south-east Atlantic Forest and test if the diversity of marginal habitats is shaped from the neighbouring rain forest, as commonly thought. METHODS We calculated phylogenetic indices that capture basal [mean pairwise phylogenetic distance (MPD)] and terminal [mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD)] phylogenetic variation, phylogenetic endemism (PE) and taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity (BD and PBD) for 2074 angiosperm tree species distributed in 108 circular sites of 10 km diameter across four habitat types i.e. rain forest, cloud forest, semi-deciduous forest and coastal vegetation known as restinga. We then related these metrics to elevation and environmental variables. KEY RESULTS Communities in wetter and colder forests show basal phylogenetic overdispersion and short phylogenetic distances towards the tips, respectively. In contrast, communities associated with water deficit and salinity show basal phylogenetic clustering and no phylogenetic structure toward the tips. Unexpectedly, rain forest shows low PE given its species richness, whereas cloud and semi-deciduous forests show unusually high PE. The BD and PBD between most habitat types are driven by the turnover of species and lineages, except for restinga. CONCLUSIONS Our results contradict the idea that all marginal habitat types of the Atlantic Forest are sub-sets of the rain forest. We show that marginal habitat types have different evolutionary histories and may act as 'equilibrium zones for biodiversity' in the Atlantic Forest, generating new species or conserving others. Overall, our results add evolutionary insights that reinforce the urgency of encompassing all habitat types in the Atlantic Forest concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonny Capichoni Massante
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Bairro Umarizal, Belém, Brazil
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Liivi 2, Tartu 50409, Estonia
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Bairro Umarizal, Belém, Brazil
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11
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Loewen CJG, Jackson DA, Gilbert B. Biodiversity patterns diverge along geographic temperature gradients. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:603-617. [PMID: 36169599 PMCID: PMC10100522 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Models applying space-for-time substitution, including those projecting ecological responses to climate change, generally assume an elevational and latitudinal equivalence that is rarely tested. However, a mismatch may lead to different capacities for providing climatic refuge to dispersing species. We compiled community data on zooplankton, ectothermic animals that form the consumer basis of most aquatic food webs, from over 1200 mountain lakes and ponds across western North America to assess biodiversity along geographic temperature gradients spanning nearly 3750 m elevation and 30° latitude. Species richness, phylogenetic relationships, and functional diversity all showed contrasting responses across gradients, with richness metrics plateauing at low elevations but exhibiting intermediate latitudinal maxima. The nonmonotonic/hump-shaped diversity trends with latitude emerged from geographic interactions, including weaker latitudinal relationships at higher elevations (i.e. in alpine lakes) linked to different underlying drivers. Here, divergent patterns of phylogenetic and functional trait dispersion indicate shifting roles of environmental filters and limiting similarity in the assembly of communities with increasing elevation and latitude. We further tested whether gradients showed common responses to warmer temperatures and found that mean annual (but not seasonal) temperatures predicted elevational richness patterns but failed to capture consistent trends with latitude, meaning that predictions of how climate change will influence diversity also differ between gradients. Contrasting responses to elevation- and latitude-driven warming suggest different limits on climatic refugia and likely greater barriers to northward range expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie J. G. Loewen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Donald A. Jackson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Benjamin Gilbert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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12
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Zhang H, Yan L, Yu L, Su H, Hu C, Zhang M, Kong Z. The diversity of resident passerine bird in the East Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau is closely related to plant species richness, vertical altitude difference and habitat area. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9735. [PMID: 36694543 PMCID: PMC9843479 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
East Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau is rich in biodiversity in China. Complex geographical and climatic conditions and rich bird resources made this area an ideal system for studying the spatial distribution mechanism and influencing factors of birds, which were still unknown. Bird community data from 37 sites in this region were collected, including 505 bird species and 164 species of resident passerine bird, were extracted for analysis. The taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity, functional diversity (FD), and community structure index were calculated. Ordinary least square (OLS), spatial autoregressive models (SAR), and structural equation model (SEM) were used to explore the relationship between bird diversity index and environmental factors which were used to describe the habitat conditions of birds. Results indicated that species richness (SR), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and FD have similar distribution patterns and are mainly affected by vascular plant species richness, habitat area, and vertical altitude difference. The phylogenetic and functional structure of bird community changed in both longitude and latitude direction, and the phylogenetic structure of community was dispersed in the west and clustered in the east, significantly related to habitat area, and vertical altitude difference, the functional structure was dispersed in all sites, significantly related to average annual precipitation. The community in the west and south of the East Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau is mainly driven by interspecific competitive, while the process in the east and north is mainly driven by environmental filtration. Distribution pattern of bird diversity was caused by the comprehensive action of various habitat factors which were mainly related to food availability and habitat heterogeneity. For maintaining the living space of birds, the protection of urban parks, wetland parks, campuses, and other urban green spaces is as important as national and provincial nature reserves. Revealing the construction mechanism and main influencing factors of bird communities in different areas is conducive to targeted protection work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) & Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro‐Bioengineering (CICEAB), Institute of Agro‐Bioengineering & College of Life SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,Aha Lake National Wetland ParkGuiyangChina
| | - Lingbin Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) & Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro‐Bioengineering (CICEAB), Institute of Agro‐Bioengineering & College of Life SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Lifei Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) & Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro‐Bioengineering (CICEAB), Institute of Agro‐Bioengineering & College of Life SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Haijun Su
- Forestry College, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural ConservationGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Canshi Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural ConservationGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Forestry College, Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina,Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural ConservationGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
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13
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Song WY, Onditi KO, Li XY, Chen ZZ, He SW, Li Q, Jiang XL. Decomposing niche components reveals simultaneous effects of opposite deterministic processes structuring alpine small mammal assembly. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.999573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSpecies distribution in alpine areas is constrained by multiple abiotic and biotic stressors. This leads to discrepant assembly patterns between different locations and study objects as opposite niche-based processes—limiting similarity and habitat filtering—simultaneously structure communities, masking overall patterns. We aimed to address how these processes structure small mammal communities in the alpine tree line transition zone, one of the most distinct vegetation transitions between alpine and montane habitats.MethodsWe compiled a dataset of species checklist, phylogeny, and functional traits from field collection and published sources spanning 18 mountains in southwest China. We first examined hypothetical niche-based processes with frequently used phylogenetic and trait approaches using this dataset. The species traits were decomposed into different niche components to explore the respective effects of specific stressors. Indices representing evolutionary history, trait space, and pairwise species distance were estimated and compared with null model expectations. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the association patterns between diversity indices and elevation.ResultsThe results indicated that phylogenetic and functional richness were positively correlated with species richness. In contrast, distance-based indices were either negatively or weakly positively correlated with species richness. Null model analyses suggested no evidence of non-random phylogenetic or overall trait patterns. However, the resource acquisition niche tended to be more overdispersed (positive slopes), while the habitat affinity niche tended to be more clustered (negative slopes) beyond the high elevation tree line.DiscussionThese findings show that opposite niche-based processes simultaneously structure small mammal communities in alpine areas. Overall, the present study provides vital insights into the complexity of assembly processes in these habitats. It also highlights the importance of relating relevant traits to distinguish the influences of specific abiotic and biotic stressors.
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14
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The phylogeography of some soil-feeding termites shaped by the Andes. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-022-00594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Dong L, Zheng Y, Wang J, Li J, Li Z, Zhang J, Wang L, Miao B, Liang C. Intra- and interannual dynamics of grassland community phylogenetic structure are influenced by meteorological conditions before the growing season. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870526. [PMID: 36212278 PMCID: PMC9541524 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of global climate change on ecosystem structure has attracted much attention from researchers. However, how climate change and meteorological conditions influence community phylogenetic structure remains poorly understood. In this research, we quantified the responses of grassland communities' phylogenetic structure to long- and short-term meteorological conditions in Inner Mongolia, China. The net relatedness index (NRI) was used to characterize phylogenetic structure, and the relationship between the NRI and climate data was analyzed to understand the dynamics of community phylogenetic structure and its relationship with extreme meteorological events. Furthermore, multiple linear regression and structural equation models (SEMs) were used to quantify the relative contributions of meteorological factors before and during the current growing season to short-term changes in community phylogenetic structure. In addition, we evaluated the effect of long-term meteorological factors on yearly NRI anomalies with classification and regression trees (CARTs). We found that 1) the degree of phylogenetic clustering of the community is relatively low in the peak growing season, when habitat filtering is relatively weak and competition is fiercer. 2) Extreme meteorological conditions (i.e., drought and cold) may change community phylogenetic structure and indirectly reduce the degree of phylogenetic clustering by reducing the proportion of dominant perennial grasses. 3) Meteorological conditions before the growing season rather than during the current growing season explain more variation in the NRI and interannual NRI anomalies. Our results may provide useful information for understanding grassland community species assembly and how climate change affects biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
- Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
- Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
- Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinrong Li
- Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
- Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bailing Miao
- Meteorological Research Institute of Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia Meteorological Service, Hohhot, China
| | - Cunzhu Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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16
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Small mammals in a mountain ecosystem: the effect of topographic, micrometeorological, and biological correlates on their community structure. COMMUNITY ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-022-00104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn increasing number of studies have investigated spatial and temporal patterns in species richness and assemblage composition in mountain ecosystems along altitudinal gradients. Small mammals have been successfully used as indicators of environmental health and as proxies of biodiversity. However, information about the composition and distribution of species assemblages in the mosaic of habitat and rocky landform types at a high altitude is still lacking for most of the mountain regions. Through the use of live traps and camera trapping, we described the small mammal community living above the treeline of the Western Dolomites (Italian Alps), investigating the species richness, abundance of individuals and community composition in relation to topographic, micrometeorological, mesohabitat, and biological correlates. A total of five species and 50 individuals were sampled, analysed, and released. At the extremes of the analysed altitudinal range (i.e. 1900 vs 2900 m a.s.l.), community composition was completely different and species richness was related to elevation, steepness, and vegetation cover. At the same time, the taxonomic distinctness of ground-dwelling arthropods (namely carabid beetles and spiders), a proxy of habitat complexity, showed higher values in areas with a greater small mammal species richness. We found a positive effect of steepness and rocky landform type “carsism” on the number of captured individuals, showing the importance of the availability of shelters and underground burrows for the sampled species. As a confirmation of the altitudinal shift for these species in relation to the ongoing climate change, we detected a negative impact of sub-surface ground temperature on small mammal abundance during the monitoring period. In conclusion, small mammals represent an excellent model for understanding the evolutionary processes of ecosystems, population dynamics under changing environmental conditions, and habitat vulnerabilities.
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17
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Title PO, Swiderski DL, Zelditch ML. EcoPhyloMapper
: An
r
package for integrating geographical ranges, phylogeny and morphology. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal O. Title
- Department of Ecology & Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA
| | - Donald L. Swiderski
- Museum of Zoology and Kresge Hearing Research Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
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18
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Sinha A, Chatterjee N, Krishnamurthy R, Ormerod SJ. Community assembly, functional traits, and phylogeny in Himalayan river birds. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9012. [PMID: 35784086 PMCID: PMC9204853 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in riverine habitats acts as a template for species evolution that influences river communities at different spatio‐temporal scales. Although birds are conspicuous elements of these communities, the roles of phylogeny, functional traits, and habitat character in their niche use or species' assembly have seldom been investigated. We explored these themes by surveying multiple headwaters over 3000 m of elevation in the Himalayan Mountains of India where the specialist birds of montane rivers reach their greatest diversity on Earth. After ordinating community composition, species traits, and habitat character, we investigated whether river bird traits varied with elevation in ways that were constrained or independent of phylogeny, hypothesizing that trait patterns reflect environmental filtering. Community composition and trait representation varied strongly with increasing elevation and river naturalness as species that foraged in the river/riparian ecotone gave way to small insectivores with direct trophic dependence on the river or its immediate channel. These trends were influenced strongly by phylogeny as communities became more clustered by functional traits at a higher elevation. Phylogenetic signals varied among traits, however, and were reflected in body mass, bill size, and tarsus length more than in body size, tail length, and breeding strategy. These variations imply that community assembly in high‐altitude river birds reflects a blend of phylogenetic constraint and habitat filtering coupled with some proximate niche‐based moulding of trait character. We suggest that the regional co‐existence of river birds in the Himalaya is facilitated by this same array of factors that together reflect the highly heterogeneous template of river habitats provided by these mountain headwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramesh Krishnamurthy
- Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India
- Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Steve J. Ormerod
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK
- Freshwater Biological Association Ambleside, Cumbria UK
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19
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Cowles SA, Witt CC, Bonaccorso E, Grewe F, Uy JAC. Early stages of speciation with gene flow in the Amazilia Hummingbird (
Amazilis amazilia
) subspecies complex of Western South America. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8895. [PMID: 35592064 PMCID: PMC9102506 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Cowles
- Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Christopher C. Witt
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Elisa Bonaccorso
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica Quito Ecuador
| | - Felix Grewe
- Grainger Bioinformatics Center Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA
| | - J. Albert C. Uy
- Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
- Department of Biology University of Rochester Rochester New York USA
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20
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Alpha and beta phylogenetic diversities jointly reveal ant community assembly mechanisms along a tropical elevational gradient. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7728. [PMID: 35546343 PMCID: PMC9095595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the long-standing interest in the organization of ant communities across elevational gradients, few studies have incorporated the evolutionary information to understand the historical processes that underlay such patterns. Through the evaluation of phylogenetic α and β-diversity, we analyzed the structure of leaf-litter ant communities along the Cofre de Perote mountain in Mexico and evaluated whether deterministic- (i.e., habitat filtering, interspecific competition) or stochastic-driven processes (i.e., dispersal limitation) were driving the observed patterns. Lowland and some highland sites showed phylogenetic clustering, whereas intermediate elevations and the highest site presented phylogenetic overdispersion. We infer that strong environmental constraints found at the bottom and the top elevations are favoring closely-related species to prevail at those elevations. Conversely, less stressful climatic conditions at intermediate elevations suggest interspecific interactions are more important in these environments. Total phylogenetic dissimilarity was driven by the turnover component, indicating that the turnover of ant species along the mountain is actually shifts of lineages adapted to particular locations resembling their ancestral niche. The greater phylogenetic dissimilarity between communities was related to greater temperature differences probably due to narrow thermal tolerances inherent to several ant lineages that evolved in more stable conditions. Our results suggest that the interplay between environmental filtering, interspecific competition and habitat specialization plays an important role in the assembly of leaf-litter ant communities along elevational gradients.
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21
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Márquez-Luna U, Lara C, Corcuera P, Valverde PL. Genetic relatedness and morphology as drivers of interspecific dominance hierarchy in hummingbirds. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13331. [PMID: 35469196 PMCID: PMC9034699 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A dominance hierarchy is the set of ranks occupied by species within an assemblage. Species with a high position within the dominance hierarchy tend to dominate subordinate species in contests for access to resources. In hummingbirds, greater weight and wing disc loading have been associated with highest ranks within the dominance hierarchy. Nevertheless, the limit to which the difference between the weight of contending species represents a competitive advantage has not yet been determined. Here, we determined the dominance hierarchy of a hummingbird assemblage exploiting the most abundant floral resource (Palicourea padifolia, Rubiaceae) in a cloud forest of central Veracruz, Mexico. Specifically, we tested whether species weight and wing disc loading influence the dominance hierarchy. Additionally, we tested whether the flowers visited per foraging bout increases with species weight and dominance. We further tested whether weight, wing disc loading, and the genetic relatedness between contenders influenced the dominance relationships in species-pair interactions. Our results indicate that the hierarchy is positively influenced by weight. Hummingbirds visited similar number of flowers regardless their weight or their dominance. Nevertheless, the probability that the heaviest contender won contests was positively associated with the differences of weight and genetic relatedness between contenders. Contrarily, the probability that the contender with greatest wing disc loading won contests was positively associated with differences of weight and negatively associated with the relatedness between contenders. However, these models only explained between 22% and 34% of the variation, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the weight was the major contributor to high dominance values. However, future studies should include (1) the temporal variability of the weight and (2) experimental predictor variables such the burst power of the hummingbirds to evaluate its effects on the dynamics of dominance hierarchies in hummingbird assemblages. All the hummingbird species present in the studied assemblage have developed wide behavioral mechanisms that compensate their morphological differences, which allow them to coexist, even when they compete for the access to the same resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaldo Márquez-Luna
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Lara
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, San Felipe Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Pablo Corcuera
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pedro Luis Valverde
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
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22
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Cooper JC, Crouch NMA, Ferguson AW, Bates JM. Climatic refugia and reduced extinction correlate with underdispersion in mammals and birds in Africa. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8752. [PMID: 35356571 PMCID: PMC8941498 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroevolutionary patterns, often inferred from metrics of community relatedness, are often used to ascertain major evolutionary processes shaping communities. These patterns have been shown to be informative of biogeographic barriers, of habitat suitability and invasibility (especially with regard to environmental filtering), and of regions that function as evolutionary cradles (i.e., sources of diversification) or museums (i.e., regions of reduced extinction). Here, we analyzed continental datasets of mammal and bird distributions to identify primary drivers of community evolution on the African continent for mostly endothermic vertebrates. We find that underdispersion (i.e., relatively low phylogenetic diversity compared to species richness) closely correlates with specific ecoregions that have been identified as climatic refugia in the literature, regardless of whether these specific regions have been touted as cradles or museums. Using theoretical models of identical communities that differ only with respect to extinction rates, we find that even small suppressions of extinction rates can result in underdispersed communities, supporting the hypothesis that climatic stability can lead to underdispersion. We posit that large‐scale patterns of under‐ and overdispersion between regions of similar species richness are more reflective of a particular region’s extinction potential, and that the very nature of refugia can lead to underdispersion via the steady accumulation of species richness through diversification within the same ecoregion during climatic cycles. Thus, patterns of environmental filtering can be obfuscated by environments that coincide with biogeographic refugia, and considerations of regional biogeographic history are paramount for inferring macroevolutionary processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C Cooper
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA.,Negaunee Integrative Research Center Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA.,Present address: University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - Nicholas M A Crouch
- Department of Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Adam W Ferguson
- Gantz Family Collections Center Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA
| | - John M Bates
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA
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23
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Hughes EC, Edwards DP, Bright JA, Capp EJR, Cooney CR, Varley ZK, Thomas GH. Global biogeographic patterns of avian morphological diversity. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:598-610. [PMID: 35199925 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the biogeographical patterns, and evolutionary and environmental drivers, underpinning morphological diversity are key for determining its origins and conservation. Using a comprehensive set of continuous morphological traits extracted from museum collections of 8353 bird species, including geometric morphometric beak shape data, we find that avian morphological diversity is unevenly distributed globally, even after controlling for species richness, with exceptionally dense packing of species in hyper-diverse tropical hotspots. At the regional level, these areas also have high morphological variance, with species exhibiting high phenotypic diversity. Evolutionary history likely plays a key role in shaping these patterns, with evolutionarily old species contributing to niche expansion, and young species contributing to niche packing. Taken together, these results imply that the tropics are both 'cradles' and 'museums' of phenotypic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Hughes
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David P Edwards
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jen A Bright
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Elliot J R Capp
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Zoë K Varley
- Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
| | - Gavin H Thomas
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
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24
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Cockburn G, Ko MC, Sadanandan KR, Miller ET, Nakagita T, Monte A, Cho S, Roura E, Toda Y, Baldwin MW. Synergism, Bifunctionality, and the Evolution of a Gradual Sensory Trade-off in Hummingbird Taste Receptors. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:msab367. [PMID: 34978567 PMCID: PMC8826506 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory receptor evolution can imply trade-offs between ligands, but the extent to which such trade-offs occur and the underlying processes shaping their evolution is not well understood. For example, hummingbirds have repurposed their ancestral savory receptor (T1R1-T1R3) to detect sugars, but the impact of this sensory shift on amino acid perception is unclear. Here, we use functional and behavioral approaches to show that the hummingbird T1R1-T1R3 acts as a bifunctional receptor responsive to both sugars and amino acids. Our comparative analyses reveal substantial functional diversity across the hummingbird radiation and suggest an evolutionary timeline for T1R1-T1R3 retuning. Finally, we identify a novel form of synergism between sugars and amino acids in vertebrate taste receptors. This work uncovers an unexplored axis of sensory diversity, suggesting new ways in which nectar chemistry and pollinator preferences can coevolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Cockburn
- Evolution of Sensory Systems Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Meng-Ching Ko
- Evolution of Sensory Systems Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Keren R Sadanandan
- Evolution of Sensory Systems Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Eliot T Miller
- Macaulay Library, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tomoya Nakagita
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Amanda Monte
- Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Eugeni Roura
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Yasuka Toda
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maude W Baldwin
- Evolution of Sensory Systems Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany
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Puga-Caballero A, Lara C, Sánchez-González LA. From clustering to overdispersion: a north to south gradient in the patterns of phylogenetic structure in North American hummingbird assemblages. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-022-00544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Environmental Heterogeneity Affecting Community Assembly Patterns and Phylogenetic Diversity of Three Forest Communities at Mt. Huangshan, China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studying community assembly has always been a central issue in ecological research and is necessary for understanding mechanisms of species coexistence and biodiversity. Environmental heterogeneity is a driver of biodiversity, but much remains to be learned about how evolutionary processes are affected by environmental factors. We aimed to clarify the evolutionary processes in different vegetation communities in the Huangshan Scenic Area, Anhui Province, China. We constructed a phylogenetic tree of these communities based on a constraint tree and three DNA barcode regions. Community I was characterized by a weakly overdispersed phylogenetic structure for all three plant groups. The structure of Community II showed clustered for total plants and shrubs, overdispersed for trees. However, the phylogenetic structure was clustered for total plants, overdispersed for trees and shrubs in Community III. The main drivers of these patterns were spatial and climatic factors. Phylogenetic α-diversity had a significant positive relationship with species richness. The values of phylogenetic β-diversity reached their maximum at intermediate elevations among three vegetation communities for total plants. The main factors that affected diversity patterns were spatial variables, not climatic factors, indicating that environmental heterogeneity determined the mechanisms of biodiversity and species coexistence in the community. Our results showed that deterministic processes may control community assembly in three different vegetation regions.
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Prates I, Singhal S, Marchán-Rivadeneira MR, Grundler MR, Moritz C, Donnellan SC, Rabosky DL. Genetic and Ecogeographic Controls on Species Cohesion in Australia’s Most Diverse Lizard Radiation. Am Nat 2022; 199:E57-E75. [DOI: 10.1086/717411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Prates
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Sonal Singhal
- Department of Biology, California State University–Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747
| | | | - Maggie R. Grundler
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Craig Moritz
- Division of Ecology and Evolution and Centre for Biodiversity Analysis, Australian National University, Camberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | - Daniel L. Rabosky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Boehm MMA, Jankowski JE, Cronk QCB. Plant-Pollinator Specialization: Origin and Measurement of Curvature. Am Nat 2021; 199:206-222. [DOI: 10.1086/717677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mannfred M. A. Boehm
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jill E. Jankowski
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Quentin C. B. Cronk
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Linan AG, Myers JA, Edwards CE, Zanne AE, Smith SA, Arellano G, Cayola L, Farfan-Ríos W, Fuentes AF, García-Cabrera K, González-Caro S, Loza MI, Macía MJ, Malhi Y, Nieto-Ariza B, Salinas N, Silman M, Tello JS. The evolutionary assembly of forest communities along environmental gradients: recent diversification or sorting of pre-adapted clades? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:2506-2519. [PMID: 34379801 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that ecological processes that shape community structure and dynamics change along environmental gradients. However, much less is known about how the emergence of the gradients themselves shape the evolution of species that underlie community assembly. In this study, we address how the creation of novel environments leads to community assembly via two nonmutually exclusive processes: immigration and ecological sorting of pre-adapted clades (ISPC), and recent adaptive diversification (RAD). We study these processes in the context of the elevational gradient created by the uplift of the Central Andes. We develop a novel approach and method based on the decomposition of species turnover into within- and among-clade components, where clades correspond to lineages that originated before mountain uplift. Effects of ISPC and RAD can be inferred from how components of turnover change with elevation. We test our approach using data from over 500 Andean forest plots. We found that species turnover between communities at different elevations is dominated by the replacement of clades that originated before the uplift of the Central Andes. Our results suggest that immigration and sorting of clades pre-adapted to montane habitats is the primary mechanism shaping tree communities across elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Linan
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan A Myers
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Christine E Edwards
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amy E Zanne
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Stephen A Smith
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Leslie Cayola
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - William Farfan-Ríos
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Alfredo F Fuentes
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Karina García-Cabrera
- Escuela Profesional de Biología, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Sebastián González-Caro
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - M Isabel Loza
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Manuel J Macía
- Departamento de Biología, Área de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Norma Salinas
- Institute for Nature Earth and Energy, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - Miles Silman
- Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - J Sebastián Tello
- Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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García‐Navas V, Sattler T, Schmid H, Ozgul A. Bird species co‐occurrence patterns in an alpine environment supports the stress‐gradient hypothesis. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente García‐Navas
- Dept of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Univ. of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Dept of Integrative Ecology, Doñana Biological Station CSIC Seville Spain
| | | | - Hans Schmid
- Swiss Ornithological Inst. Sempach Switzerland
| | - Arpat Ozgul
- Dept of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Univ. of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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Contrasting drivers of diversity in hosts and parasites across the tropical Andes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010714118. [PMID: 33731475 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010714118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Geographic turnover in community composition is created and maintained by eco-evolutionary forces that limit the ranges of species. One such force may be antagonistic interactions among hosts and parasites, but its general importance is unknown. Understanding the processes that underpin turnover requires distinguishing the contributions of key abiotic and biotic drivers over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we address these challenges using flexible, nonlinear models to identify the factors that underlie richness (alpha diversity) and turnover (beta diversity) patterns of interacting host and parasite communities in a global biodiversity hot spot. We sampled 18 communities in the Peruvian Andes, encompassing ∼1,350 bird species and ∼400 hemosporidian parasite lineages, and spanning broad ranges of elevation, climate, primary productivity, and species richness. Turnover in both parasite and host communities was most strongly predicted by variation in precipitation, but secondary predictors differed between parasites and hosts, and between contemporary and phylogenetic timescales. Host communities shaped parasite diversity patterns, but there was little evidence for reciprocal effects. The results for parasite communities contradicted the prevailing view that biotic interactions filter communities at local scales while environmental filtering and dispersal barriers shape regional communities. Rather, subtle differences in precipitation had strong, fine-scale effects on parasite turnover while host-community effects only manifested at broad scales. We used these models to map bird and parasite turnover onto the ecological gradients of the Andean landscape, illustrating beta-diversity hot spots and their mechanistic underpinnings.
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32
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The contribution of environmental and dispersal filters on phylogenetic and taxonomic beta diversity patterns in Amazonian tree communities. Oecologia 2021; 196:1119-1137. [PMID: 34324078 PMCID: PMC8367926 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and dispersal filters are key determinants of species distributions of Amazonian tree communities. However, a comprehensive analysis of the role of environmental and dispersal filters is needed to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes that drive phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover of Amazonian tree communities. We compare measures of taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity in 41 one-hectare plots to test the relative importance of climate, soils, geology, geomorphology, pure spatial variables and the spatial variation of environmental drivers of phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover in Ecuadorian Amazon tree communities. We found low phylogenetic and high taxonomic turnover with respect to environmental and dispersal filters. In addition, our results suggest that climate is a significantly better predictor of phylogenetic turnover and taxonomic turnover than geomorphology and soils at all spatial scales. The influence of climate as a predictor of phylogenetic turnover was stronger at broader spatial scales (50 km2) whereas geomorphology and soils appear to be better predictors of taxonomic turnover at mid (5 km2) and fine spatial scales (0.5 km2) but a weak predictor of phylogenetic turnover at broad spatial scales. We also found that the combined effect of geomorphology and soils was significantly higher for taxonomic turnover at all spatial scales but not for phylogenetic turnover at large spatial scales. Geographic distances as proxy of dispersal limitation was a better predictor of phylogenetic turnover at distances of 50 < 500 km. Our findings suggest that climatic variation at regional scales can better predict phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover than geomorphology and soils.
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Shi W, Wang Y, Xiang W, Li X, Cao K. Environmental filtering and dispersal limitation jointly shaped the taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity of natural forests in southern China. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8783-8794. [PMID: 34257928 PMCID: PMC8258218 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The mechanisms underlying the maintenance of biodiversity remain to be elucidated. Taxonomic diversity alone remains an unresolved issue, especially in terms of the mechanisms of species co-existence. We hypothesized that phylogenetic information could help to elucidate the mechanism of community assembly and the services and functions of ecosystems. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms driving floral diversity in subtropical forests and evaluate the relative effects of these mechanisms on diversity variation, by combining taxonomic and phylogenetic information. LOCATION We examined 35 1-ha tree stem-mapped plots across eight national nature reserves in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. TAXON Trees. METHODS We quantified the taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity between each pair of plots using the (abundance-based) Rao's quadratic entropy and the (incidence-based) Sørensen dissimilarity indices. Using a null model approach, we compared the observed β-diversity with the expected diversity at random and calculated the standard effect size of the observed β-diversity deviation. Furthermore, we used distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) to partition the variations in taxonomic and phylogenetic observed β-diversity and β-deviation into four parts to assess the environmental and spatial effects. RESULTS The taxonomic β-deviation was related to and higher than the phylogenetic β-deviation (r = .74). This indicated that the species turnover between pairwise plots was mainly the turnover of closely related species. Higher taxonomic and phylogenetic β-deviation were mainly concentrated in the pairwise karst and nonkarst forest plots, indicating that the species in karst forests and nonkarst forests were predominantly from distantly related clades. A large proportions of the variation in taxonomic and phylogenetic β-deviation were explained by the joint effect of environmental and spatial variables, while the contribution of environmental variables was greater than that of spatial variables, probably owing to the influence of the sampling scale dependence, integrality of sampling size and species pool, and the unique climatic and geomorphic characteristics. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of phylogeny in biodiversity research. The incorporation of taxonomic and phylogenetic information provides a perspective to explore potential underlying mechanisms that have shaped species assemblages and phylogenetic patterns in biodiversity hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationCollege of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresourcesGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Yong‐Qiang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationCollege of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresourcesGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Wu‐Sheng Xiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst TerrainGuangxi Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesGuilinChina
| | - Xian‐Kun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst TerrainGuangxi Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesGuilinChina
| | - Kun‐Fang Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationCollege of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresourcesGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
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Panitsa M, Kokkoris IP, Kougioumoutzis K, Kontopanou A, Bazos I, Strid A, Dimopoulos P. Linking Taxonomic, Phylogenetic and Functional Plant Diversity with Ecosystem Services of Cliffs and Screes in Greece. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050992. [PMID: 34067537 PMCID: PMC8156371 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sparsely vegetated habitats of cliffs and screes act as refugia for many regional and local endemic specialized plant taxa most of which have evolved precisely for that type of habitat. The interplay between taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional plant diversity on rock and scree habitats of extreme environmental conditions, enlightens the relations of plant communities and ecosystems and facilitates management planning for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The identification of biodiversity patterns and hotspots (taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional) contributes to the integration of the ecosystem services (ES) approach for the mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services (MAES) implementation in Greece and the creation of thematic maps based on the MAES reporting format. The overlap among the protected areas’ network revealed that almost all areas of cliffs and screes of medium, high, and very high taxonomic and phylogenetic plant endemism are included in the Natura 2000 area network. The results of this study provide the baseline information for ES assessments at sparsely vegetated land of cliffs and screes. Our results contribute to the implementation of certain indicators of the national set of MAES indicators in Greece such as (a) floristic diversity and (b) microrefugia of endemic diversity and support of decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Panitsa
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.P.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Ioannis P. Kokkoris
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.P.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kougioumoutzis
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.P.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Section of Ecology and Systematics, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Anna Kontopanou
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.P.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Bazos
- Section of Ecology and Systematics, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Panayotis Dimopoulos
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.P.K.); (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (P.D.)
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Du Y, Fan L, Xu Z, Wen Z, Cai T, Feijo A, Hu J, Lei F, Yang Q, Qiao H. A multi-faceted comparative perspective on elevational beta-diversity: the patterns and their causes. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210343. [PMID: 33878923 PMCID: PMC8059517 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The observed patterns and underlying mechanisms of elevational beta-diversity have been explored intensively, but multi-dimensional comparative studies remain scarce. Herein, across distinct beta-diversity components, dimensions and species groups, we designed a multi-faceted comparative framework aiming to reveal the general rules in the observed patterns and underlying causes of elevational beta-diversity. We have found that: first, the turnover process dominated altitudinal patterns of species beta-diversity (βsim > βsne), whereas the nestedness process appeared relatively more important for elevational trait dissimilarity (βfuncsim < βfuncsne); second, the taxonomic turnover was relative higher than its phylogenetic and functional analogues (βsim > βphylosim/βfuncsim), conversely, nestedness-resultant trait dissimilarity tended to be higher than the taxonomic and phylogenetic measures (βfuncsne > βsne/βphylosne); and third, as elevational distance increased, the contradicting dynamics of environmental filtering and limiting similarity have jointly led the elevational patterns of beta-diversity, especially at taxonomic dimension. Based on these findings, we infer that the species turnover among phylogenetic relatives sharing similar functional attributes appears to be the main cause of shaping the altitudinal patterns of multi-dimensional beta-diversity. Owing to the methodological limitation in the randomization approach, currently, it remains extremely challenging to distinguish the influence of the neutral process from the offset between opposing niche-based processes. Despite the complexities and uncertainties during species assembling, with a multi-dimensional comparative perspective, this work offers us several important commonalities of elevational beta-diversity dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqing Fan
- National Forest Ecosystem Observation & Research Station of Nyingchi Tibet, Institute of Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau (Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University), Ministry of Education, Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlong Cai
- School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Anderson Feijo
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fumin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Massante JC, Köbel M, Pinho P, Gerhold P, Branquinho C, Nunes A. Phylogenetic structure of understorey annual and perennial plant species reveals opposing responses to aridity in a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:144018. [PMID: 33352349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aridity is a critical driver of the diversity and composition of plant communities. However, how aridity influences the phylogenetic structure of functional groups (i.e. annual and perennial species) is far less understood than its effects on species richness. As perennials have to endure stressful conditions during the summer drought, as opposed to annuals that avoid it, they may be subjected to stronger environmental filtering. In contrast, annuals may be more susceptible to interannual climatic variability. Here we studied the phylogenetic structure of the annual and perennial components of understorey plant communities, along a regional aridity gradient in Mediterranean drylands. Specifically, we asked: (1) How do species richness (S) and phylogenetic structure (PS) of annuals and perennials in plant communities respond to aridity? (2) What is the contribution of other climatic and topo-edaphic variables in predicting S and PS for both components? (3) How does the taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover of annuals and perennials vary with spatial and environmental distances? We assessed annuals' and perennials' species richness, the phylogenetic structure at deep and shallow phylogenetic levels, and taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover along spatial and environmental distances. We found no relationship between annuals' richness and aridity, whereas perennials' richness showed a unimodal pattern. The phylogenetic structure of annuals and perennials showed contrasting responses to aridity and negatively correlated with topo-edaphic variables. We found phylogenetic clustering at intermediate-to-higher aridity levels for annuals, and at lower aridity levels for perennials. Both taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover in annuals and perennials correlated with the environmental distance rather than with spatial distance between communities, suggesting adaptation to local factors. Overall, our results show a decoupling in the response of the phylogenetic structure of annual and perennial components of plant communities to aridity in Mediterranean drylands. Our findings have significant implications for land management strategies under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonny Capichoni Massante
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Melanie Köbel
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pille Gerhold
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014, Estonia; Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alice Nunes
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Davies TJ. Ecophylogenetics redux. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1073-1088. [PMID: 33565697 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Species' evolutionary histories shape their present-day ecologies, but the integration of phylogenetic approaches in ecology has had a contentious history. The field of ecophylogenetics promised to reveal the process of community assembly from simple indices of phylogenetic pairwise distances - communities shaped by environmental filtering were composed of closely related species, whereas communities shaped by competition were composed of less closely related species. However, the mapping of ecology onto phylogeny proved to be not so straightforward, and the field remains mired in controversy. Nonetheless, ecophylogenetic methods provided important advances across ecology. For example the phylogenetic distances between species is a strong predictor of pest and pathogen sharing, and can thus inform models of species invasion, coexistence and the disease dilution/amplification effect of biodiversity. The phylogenetic structure of communities may also provide information on niche space occupancy, helping interpret patterns of facilitation, succession and ecosystem functioning - with relevance for conservation and restoration - and the dynamics among species within foodwebs and metacommunities. I suggest leveraging advances in our understanding of the process of evolution on phylogenetic trees would allow the field to progress further, while maintaining the essence of the original vision that proved so seductive.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jonathan Davies
- Departments of Botany, Forest & Conservation Sciences, Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.,African Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2092, South Africa
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Bonaccorso E, Rodríguez-Saltos CA, Freile JF, Peñafiel N, Rosado-Llerena L, Oleas NH. Recent diversification in the high Andes: unveiling the evolutionary history of the Ecuadorian hillstar, Oreotrochilus chimborazo(Apodiformes: Trochilidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractStudying the genetic signatures of evolutionary diversification in young lineages is among the most promising approaches for unveiling the processes behind speciation. Here, we focus on Oreotrochilus chimborazo, a high Andean species of hummingbird that might have experienced rapid diversification in the recent past. To understand the evolution of this species, we generated a dataset of ten microsatellite markers and complementary data on morphometrics, plumage variation and ecological niches. We applied a series of population and coalescent-based analyses to understand the population structure and differentiation within the species, in addition to the signatures of current and historical gene flow, the location of potential contact zones and the relationships among lineages. We found that O. chimborazo comprises three genetic groups: one corresponding to subspecies O. c. chimborazo, from Chimborazo volcano and surroundings, and two corresponding to the northern and southern ranges of subspecies O. c. jamesonii, found from the extreme south of Colombia to southern Ecuador. We inferred modest levels of both contemporary and historical gene flow and proposed the location of a contact zone between lineages. Also, our coalescent-based analyses supported a rapid split among these three lineages during the mid-to-late Holocene. We discuss our results in the light of past and present potential distributions of the species, in addition to evolutionary trends seen in other Andean hummingbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bonaccorso
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, and Instituto Biósfera, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
- Instituto Biósfera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
- Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb) e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias de Medio Ambiente, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Juan F Freile
- Comité Ecuatoriano de Registros Ornitológicos, Pasaje El Moro E4-216 y Norberto Salazar, Tumbaco, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Peñafiel
- Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb) e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias de Medio Ambiente, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
- Biology Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada AIB
| | - Laura Rosado-Llerena
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, and Instituto Biósfera, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nora H Oleas
- Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb) e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias de Medio Ambiente, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
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Machac A. The Dynamics of Bird Diversity in the New World. Syst Biol 2021; 69:1180-1199. [PMID: 32333771 PMCID: PMC7584135 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three prominent explanations have been proposed to explain the dramatic differences in species richness across regions and elevations, (i) time for speciation, (ii) diversification rates, and (iii) ecological limits. But the relative importance of these explanations and, especially, their interplay and possible synthesis remain largely elusive. Integrating diversification analyses, null models, and geographic information systems, I study avian richness across regions and elevations of the New World. My results reveal that even though the three explanations are differentially important (with ecological limits playing the dominant role), each contributes uniquely to the formation of richness gradients. Further, my results reveal the likely interplay between the explanations. They indicate that ecological limits hinder the diversification process, such that the accumulation of species within a region gradually slows down over time. Yet, it does not seem to converge toward a hard ceiling on regional richness. Instead, species-rich regions show suppressed, but continued, diversification, coupled with signatures of possible competition (esp. Neotropical lowlands). Conversely, species-poor, newly-colonized regions show fast diversification and weak to no signs of competition (esp. Nearctic highlands). These results held across five families of birds, across grid cells, biomes, and elevations. Together, my findings begin to illuminate the rich, yet highly consistent, interplay of the mechanisms that together shape richness gradients in the New World, including the most species-rich biodiversity hotspots on the planet, the Andes and the Amazon. [Biogeography; community; competition; macroevolution; phylogenetics; richness gradient.]
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Machac
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University, Jilska 1, 110 00 Praha 1, Czech Republic.,Department of Ecology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 12844 Praha 2, Czech Republic.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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40
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Mena JL, Pacheco V. Mountains and traits: environmental heterogeneity and mammal assemblages along an elevational gradient in the Northern Andes. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2020.1851345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José L. Mena
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Museo de Historia Natural “Vera Alleman Haeghebaert”, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru
| | - Víctor Pacheco
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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41
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Vollstädt MGR, Albrecht J, Böhning‐Gaese K, Hemp A, Howell KM, Kettering L, Neu A, Neuschulz EL, Quitián M, Santillán VE, Töpfer T, Schleuning M, Fritz SA. Direct and plant-mediated effects of climate on bird diversity in tropical mountains. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:14196-14208. [PMID: 33391710 PMCID: PMC7771156 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Although patterns of biodiversity across the globe are well studied, there is still a controversial debate about the underlying mechanisms and their generality across biogeographic scales. In particular, it is unclear to what extent diversity patterns along environmental gradients are directly driven by abiotic factors, such as climate, or indirectly mediated through biotic factors, such as resource effects on consumers. LOCATION Andes, Southern Ecuador; Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. METHODS We studied the diversity of fleshy-fruited plants and avian frugivores at the taxonomic level, that is, species richness and abundance, as well as at the level of functional traits, that is, functional richness and functional dispersion. We compared two important biodiversity hotspots in mountain systems of the Neotropics and Afrotropics. We used field data of plant and bird communities, including trait measurements of 367 plant and bird species. Using structural equation modeling, we disentangled direct and indirect effects of climate and the diversity of plant communities on the diversity of bird communities. RESULTS We found significant bottom-up effects of fruit diversity on frugivore diversity at the taxonomic level. In contrast, climate was more important for patterns of functional diversity, with plant communities being mostly related to precipitation, and bird communities being most strongly related to temperature. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results illustrate the general importance of bottom-up mechanisms for the taxonomic diversity of consumers, suggesting the importance of active resource tracking. Our results also suggest that it might be difficult to identify signals of ecological fitting between functional plant and animal traits across biogeographic regions, since different species groups may respond to different climatic drivers. This decoupling between resource and consumer communities could increase under future climate change if plant and animal communities are consistently related to distinct climatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian G. R. Vollstädt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Jörg Albrecht
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Katrin Böhning‐Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Andreas Hemp
- Department of Plant SystematicsUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Kim M. Howell
- Department of Zoology and Wildlife ConservationUniversity of Dar es SalaamDar es SalaamTanzania
| | - Laura Kettering
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Alexander Neu
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Eike Lena Neuschulz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Marta Quitián
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Vinicio E. Santillán
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Till Töpfer
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander KoenigBonnGermany
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Susanne A. Fritz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F)Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
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42
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Gheyret G, Guo Y, Fang J, Tang Z. Latitudinal and elevational patterns of phylogenetic structure in forest communities in China's mountains. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1895-1904. [PMID: 32382981 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phylogenetic structure incorporates both ecological and evolutionary processes to explain assembly of a local community. The "phylogenetic niche conservatism" (PNC) hypothesis suggests that distributions of species along environmental gradients reflect both ancestral traits and ecological fitness of individual species The temperature is generally regarded to change in similar ways along both latitudinal and elevational gradients but with different historical contingence. Therefore, comparing the latitudinal and elevational patterns of phylogenetic structure of communities is of help to depict the effects of ecological and evolutionary processes in shaping the community assembly. In this study, we explored the latitudinal, elevational and climatic patterns of phylogenetic structure of 569 angiosperm tree communities from 38 mountains across China. We found a larger mean abundance-weighted net relatedness index (NRI) than the presence/absence-based NRI; and the NRI decreased when the species pool downscaled from the full pool to county-level pool. The mean family age and phylogenetic species evenness decreased with latitude, and increased with temperature of the coldest month and precipitation; whilst NRI increased with latitude, and decreased with mean temperature of the coldest month. In most mountains, NRI, mean family age and phylogenetic species evenness showed non-significant trends along the elevational gradient. Our results support the main predictions of PNC for the latitudinal gradient, i.e., species tend to be more phylogenetically related to each other and clades are younger in temperate environments, compared to those in tropical environments. We suggested that independent species pools and abundance should be incorporated in analysis to fully represent the phylogenetic structure of communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheyur Gheyret
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanpei Guo
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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43
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Degrandi TM, Furo IDO, Oliveira EHCD, Costa AL, Ferguson-Smith MA, O'Brien PCM, Pereira JC, Garnero ADV, Gunski RJ, Artoni RF. Comparative chromosome painting in hummingbirds (Trochilidae). Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20200162. [PMID: 33410454 PMCID: PMC7821849 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hummingbirds (Trochilidae) are one of the most enigmatic avian groups, and also
among the most diverse, with approximately 360 recognized species in 106 genera,
of which 43 are monotypic. This fact has generated considerable interest in the
evolutionary biology of the hummingbirds, which is reflected in a number of
DNA-based studies. However, only a few of them explored chromosomal data. Given
this, the present study provides an analysis of the karyotypes of three species
of Neotropical hummingbirds, Anthracothorax nigricollis (ANI),
Campylopterus largipennis (CLA), and Hylocharis
chrysura (HCH), in order to analyze the chromosomal processes
associated with the evolution of the Trochilidae. The diploid number of ANI is
2n=80 chromosomes, while CLA and HCH have identical karyotypes, with 2n=78.
Chromosome painting with Gallus gallus probes (GGA1-12) shows
that the hummingbirds have a karyotype close to the proposed ancestral bird
karyotype. Despite this, an informative rearrangement was detected: an in-tandem
fusion between GGA7 and GGA9 found in CLA and HCH, but absent in ANI. A
comparative analysis with the tree of life of the hummingbirds indicated that
this fusion must have arisen following the divergence of a number of hummingbird
species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Marafiga Degrandi
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Ivanete de Oliveira Furo
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal, LABRAC, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, UFRA, Parauapebas, PA, Brazil.,University of Cambridge, Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edivaldo Herculano Correia de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Belém, PA, Brazil.,Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Alice Lemos Costa
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Malcolm A Ferguson-Smith
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrícia C M O'Brien
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jorge C Pereira
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Analía Del Valle Garnero
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Gunski
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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44
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Yakimov BN, Gerasimova AS, Zhang S, Ma K, Zhang Y. Phylogenetic α- and β-diversity elevational gradients reveal consistent patterns of temperate forest community structure. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2020.103657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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45
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Jarzyna MA, Quintero I, Jetz W. Global functional and phylogenetic structure of avian assemblages across elevation and latitude. Ecol Lett 2020; 24:196-207. [PMID: 33124188 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mountain systems are exceptionally species rich, yet the associated elevational gradients in functional and phylogenetic diversity and their consistency across latitude remain little understood. Here, we document how avian functional and phylogenetic diversity and structure vary along all major elevational gradients worldwide and uncover strong latitudinal differences. Assemblages in warm tropical lowlands and cold temperate highlands are marked by high functional overdispersion and distinctiveness, whereas tropical highlands and temperate lowlands appear strongly functionally clustered and redundant. We additionally find strong geographic variation in the interplay of phylogenetic and functional structure, with strongest deviations between the two in temperate highlands. This latitudinal and elevational variation in assemblage functional structure is underpinned by nuanced shifts in the position, shape and composition of multivariate trait space. We find that, independent of latitude, high-elevation assemblages emerge as exceptionally susceptible to functional change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Jarzyna
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 318 W. 12th Avenue, 300 Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, 1760 Neil Avenue, 175 Pomerene Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ignacio Quintero
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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46
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Mammola S, Hesselberg T, Lunghi E. A trade‐off between latitude and elevation contributes to explain range segregation of broadly distributed cave‐dwelling spiders. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mammola
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe) Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Molecular Ecology Group (MEG) Water Research Institute (IRSA) National Research Council (CNR) Verbania Pallanza Italy
| | | | - Enrico Lunghi
- Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola" Firenze Italy
- Natural Oasis Prato Italy
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47
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Fichaux M, Vleminckx J, Courtois EA, Delabie J, Galli J, Tao S, Labrière N, Chave J, Baraloto C, Orivel J. Environmental determinants of leaf litter ant community composition along an elevational gradient. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Fichaux
- CNRS UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG) AgroParisTech CIRAD INRA Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Kourou cedex France
| | - Jason Vleminckx
- CNRS UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG) AgroParisTech CIRAD INRA Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Kourou cedex France
- Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - Elodie A. Courtois
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA) CNRS IFREMER Université de Guyane Cayenne France
- Department of Biology Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology) University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Jacques Delabie
- Laboratório de Mirmecologia CEPEC CEPLAC Itabuna Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz Ilheus Brazil
| | - Jordan Galli
- CNRS UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG) AgroParisTech CIRAD INRA Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Kourou cedex France
- Naturalia Environnement Site Agroparc Avignon Cedex 9 France
| | - Shengli Tao
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS IRD Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Nicolas Labrière
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS IRD Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS IRD Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- CNRS UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG) AgroParisTech CIRAD INRA Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Kourou cedex France
- Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - Jérôme Orivel
- CNRS UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG) AgroParisTech CIRAD INRA Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Kourou cedex France
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Sun J, Wen Z, Feijó A, Cheng J, Wang Y, Li S, Ge D, Xia L, Yang Q. Elevation patterns and critical environmental drivers of the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of small mammals in a karst mountain area. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10899-10911. [PMID: 33072304 PMCID: PMC7548175 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how biodiversity components are related under different environmental factors is a fundamental challenge for ecology studies, yet there is little knowledge of this interplay among the biotas, especially small mammals, in karst mountain areas. Here, we examine the elevation patterns of the taxonomic diversity (TD), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and functional diversity (FD) of small mammals in a karst mountain area, the Wuling Mountains, Southwest China, and compare these patterns between taxa (Rodentia and Eulipotyphla) and scales (broad‐ and narrow‐range species). We also disentangle the impacts of the human influence index, net primary productivity (NPP), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), annual precipitation (AP), and annual mean temperature (AMT) on these three facets of biodiversity by using structural equation modeling. We recorded a total of 39 small mammal species, including 26 rodents and 13 species of the order Eulipotyphla. Our study shows that the facets of biodiversity are spatially incongruent. Net primary productivity has a positive effect on the three facets for most groups, while the effect of the NDVI is negative for TD and PD in most groups. AMT temperature and AP have negative effects on FD and PD, whereas TD is dependent on the species range scale. The human influence index effect on TD and PD also depends on the species range scale. These findings provide robust evidence that the ecological drivers of biodiversity differ among different biotas and different range scales, and future research should use multifacet approach to determine biodiversity conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jilong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Song Li
- Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China
| | - Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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49
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Wolf BO, McKechnie AE, Schmitt CJ, Czenze ZJ, Johnson AB, Witt CC. Extreme and variable torpor among high-elevation Andean hummingbird species. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20200428. [PMID: 32898456 PMCID: PMC7532710 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Torpor is thought to be particularly important for small endotherms occupying cold environments and with limited fat reserves to fuel metabolism, yet among birds deep torpor is both rare and variable in extent. We investigated torpor in hummingbirds at approximately 3800 m.a.s.l. in the tropical Andes by monitoring body temperature (Tb) in 26 individuals of six species held captive overnight and experiencing natural air temperature (Ta) patterns. All species used pronounced torpor, with one Metallura phoebe reaching a minimum Tb of 3.26°C, the lowest yet reported for any bird or non-hibernating mammal. The extent and duration of torpor varied among species, with overnight body mass (Mb) loss negatively correlated with both minimum Tb and bout duration. We found a significant phylogenetic signal for minimum Tb and overnight Mb loss, consistent with evolutionarily conserved thermoregulatory traits. Our findings suggest deep torpor is routine for high Andean hummingbirds, but evolved species differences affect its depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair O. Wolf
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Andrew E. McKechnie
- South African Research Chair in Conservation Physiology, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - C. Jonathan Schmitt
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Zenon J. Czenze
- South African Research Chair in Conservation Physiology, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Andrew B. Johnson
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Christopher C. Witt
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
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Franke S, Brandl R, Heibl C, Mattivi A, Müller J, Pinkert S, Thorn S. Predicting regional hotspots of phylogenetic diversity across multiple species groups. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Franke
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | | | - Angelina Mattivi
- Fritz & Grossmann (environmental planning) Horb am Necker Germany
| | - Jörg Müller
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III) Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Rauhenebrach Germany
- Bavarian Forest National Park Grafenau Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Department of Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Simon Thorn
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III) Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Rauhenebrach Germany
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