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Grieve LM, Rani A, ZeRuth GT. Downregulation of Glis3 in INS1 cells exposed to chronically elevated glucose contributes to glucotoxicity-associated β cell dysfunction. Islets 2024; 16:2344622. [PMID: 38652652 PMCID: PMC11042057 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2024.2344622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronically elevated levels of glucose are deleterious to pancreatic β cells and contribute to β cell dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased insulin production and a loss of β cell identity. The Krüppel-like transcription factor, Glis3 has previously been shown to positively regulate insulin transcription and mutations within the Glis3 locus have been associated with the development of several pathologies including type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this report, we show that Glis3 is significantly downregulated at the transcriptional level in INS1 832/13 cells within hours of being subjected to high glucose concentrations and that diminished expression of Glis3 is at least partly attributable to increased oxidative stress. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of Glis3 indicated that the transcription factor was required to maintain normal levels of both insulin and MafA expression and reduced Glis3 expression was concomitant with an upregulation of β cell disallowed genes. We provide evidence that Glis3 acts similarly to a pioneer factor at the insulin promoter where it permissively remodels the chromatin to allow access to a transcriptional regulatory complex including Pdx1 and MafA. Finally, evidence is presented that Glis3 can positively regulate MafA transcription through its pancreas-specific promoter and that MafA reciprocally regulates Glis3 expression. Collectively, these results suggest that decreased Glis3 expression in β cells exposed to chronic hyperglycemia may contribute significantly to reduced insulin transcription and a loss of β cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- LilyAnne M. Grieve
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
| | - Abhya Rani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
| | - Gary T. ZeRuth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
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2
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Wen Z, Chen Y, Bu T, Yang Y, Ni Q. Enhancing β-cell function and identity in type 2 diabetes: The protective role of Coptis deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao via glucose metabolism modulation and AMPK signaling activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155396. [PMID: 38547617 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in glucose metabolism may be the underlying cause of β-cell dysfunction and identity impairment resulting from high glucose exposure. In China, Coptis deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao (YL) has demonstrated remarkable hypoglycemic effects. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of YL and determine the mechanism of YL in treating diabetes. METHODS A type 2 diabetes mouse model was used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of YL. YL was administrated once daily for 8 weeks. The hypoglycemic effect of YL was assessed by fasting blood glucose, an oral glucose tolerance test, insulin levels, and other indexes. The underlying mechanism of YL was examined by targeting glucose metabolomics, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. Subsequently, the binding capacity between predicted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and important components of YL (Cop, Ber, and Epi) were validated by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance. Then, in AMPK knockdown MIN6 cells, the mechanisms of Cop, Ber, and Epi were inversely confirmed through evaluations encompassing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, markers indicative of β-cell identity, and the examination of glycolytic genes and products. RESULTS YL (0.9 g/kg) treatment exerted notable hypoglycemic effects and protected the structural integrity and identity of pancreatic β-cells. Metabolomic analysis revealed that YL inhibited the hyperactivated glycolysis pathway in diabetic mice, thereby regulating the products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. KEGG enrichment revealed the intimate relationship of this process with the AMPK signaling pathway. Cop, Ber, and Epi in YL displayed high binding affinities for AMPK protein. These compounds played a pivotal role in preserving the identity of pancreatic β-cells and amplifying insulin secretion. The mechanism underlying this process involved inhibition of glucose uptake, lowering intracellular lactate levels, and elevating acetyl coenzyme A and ATP levels through AMPK signaling. The use of a glycolytic inhibitor corroborated that attenuation of glycolysis restored β-cell identity and function. CONCLUSION YL demonstrates significant hypoglycemic efficacy. We elucidated the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of YL and its active constituents on β-cell function and identity by observing glucose metabolism processes in pancreatic tissue and cells. In this intricate process, AMPK plays a pivotal regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yueying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhige Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tianjie Bu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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3
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Cuozzo F, Viloria K, Shilleh AH, Nasteska D, Frazer-Morris C, Tong J, Jiao Z, Boufersaoui A, Marzullo B, Rosoff DB, Smith HR, Bonner C, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Nano R, Piemonti L, Johnson PRV, Spiers R, Roberts J, Lavery GG, Clark A, Ceresa CDL, Ray DW, Hodson L, Davies AP, Rutter GA, Oshima M, Scharfmann R, Merrins MJ, Akerman I, Tennant DA, Ludwig C, Hodson DJ. LDHB contributes to the regulation of lactate levels and basal insulin secretion in human pancreatic β cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114047. [PMID: 38607916 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Using 13C6 glucose labeling coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 2D 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence NMR spectroscopy, we have obtained a comparative high-resolution map of glucose fate underpinning β cell function. In both mouse and human islets, the contribution of glucose to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is similar. Pyruvate fueling of the TCA cycle is primarily mediated by the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, with lower flux through pyruvate carboxylase. While the conversion of pyruvate to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) can be detected in islets of both species, lactate accumulation is 6-fold higher in human islets. Human islets express LDH, with low-moderate LDHA expression and β cell-specific LDHB expression. LDHB inhibition amplifies LDHA-dependent lactate generation in mouse and human β cells and increases basal insulin release. Lastly, cis-instrument Mendelian randomization shows that low LDHB expression levels correlate with elevated fasting insulin in humans. Thus, LDHB limits lactate generation in β cells to maintain appropriate insulin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali H Shilleh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlotte Frazer-Morris
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason Tong
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zicong Jiao
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Geneplus-Beijing, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Adam Boufersaoui
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bryan Marzullo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel B Rosoff
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Kavli Centre for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hannah R Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Caroline Bonner
- University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institute Pasteur Lille, U1190 -European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institute Pasteur Lille, U1190 -European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F59000 Lille, France
| | - Francois Pattou
- University of Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institute Pasteur Lille, U1190 -European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F59000 Lille, France
| | - Rita Nano
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Spiers
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennie Roberts
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Systems Health and Integrated Metabolic Research (SHiMR), Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Clark
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carlo D L Ceresa
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W Ray
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Kavli Centre for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy P Davies
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK; CHUM Research Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masaya Oshima
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel A Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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4
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Lang H, Lin N, Chen X, Xiang J, Zhang X, Kang C. Repressing miR-23a promotes the transdifferentiation of pancreatic α cells to β cells via negatively regulating the expression of SDF-1α. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299821. [PMID: 38517864 PMCID: PMC10959391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure is a pathological feature in type 1 diabetes. One promising approach involves inducing transdifferentiation of related pancreatic cell types, specifically α cells that produce glucagon. The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) is implicated in pancreatic α-to-β like cell transition. Here, the serum level of SDF-1α was lower in T1D with C-peptide loss, the miR-23a was negatively correlated with SDF-1α. We discovered that exosomal miR-23a, secreted from β cells, functionally downregulates the expression of SDF-1α, leading to increased Pax4 expression and decreased Arx expression in vivo. Adenovirus-vectored miR-23a sponge and mimic were constructed to further explored the miR-23a on pancreatic α-to-β like cell transition in vitro, which yielded results consistent with our cell-based assays. Suppression of miR-23a upregulated insulin level and downregulated glucagon level in STZ-induced diabetes mice models, effectively promoting α-to-β like cell transition. Our findings highlight miR-23a as a new therapeutic target for regenerating pancreatic β cells from α cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Lang
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- College of Medicine of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- College of Medicine of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Kang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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5
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Tan SC, Rajendran R, Bhattamisra SK, Krishnappa P, Davamani F, Chitra E, Ambu S, Furman B, Candasamy M. Protective effects of madecassoside, a triterpenoid from Centella asiatica, against oxidative stress in INS-1E cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38340357 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2315499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Progressive decline in β cell function and reduction in the β cell mass is important in type 2 diabetes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that madecassoside's previously demonstrated in vivo protective effects on the β cell in experimental diabetes were exerted directly. We investigated the effects of madecassoside in protecting a β cell line (INS-1E) against a variety of agents. INS-1E cells were treated with madecassoside in the presence of high glucose (HG), a cytokine mixture, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or streptozotocin (STZ). HG, the cytokine mixture, H2O2 and STZ each produced a significant decrease in cell viability; this was significantly reversed by madecassoside. Pre-treatment with madecassoside reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by HG, the cytokine mixture, H2O2, and STZ, and concentration-dependently reduced ROS production. Madecassoside also significantly enhanced glucose-induced insulin secretion. The results suggest that madecassoside's in vivo effects are exerted directly on the β cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Ching Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramkumar Rajendran
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Purushotham Krishnappa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fabian Davamani
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ebenezer Chitra
- Division of Applied Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stephen Ambu
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Brian Furman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bioactive Molecules & Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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6
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Capuani S, Campa-Carranza JN, Hernandez N, Chua CYX, Grattoni A. Modeling of a Bioengineered Immunomodulating Microenvironment for Cell Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304003. [PMID: 38215451 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cell delivery and encapsulation platforms are under development for the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes among other diseases. For effective cell engraftment, these platforms require establishing an immune-protected microenvironment as well as adequate vascularization and oxygen supply to meet the metabolic demands of the therapeutic cells. Current platforms rely on 1) immune isolating barriers and indirect vascularization or 2) direct vascularization with local or systemic delivery of immune modulatory molecules. Supported by experimental data, here a broadly applicable predictive computational model capable of recapitulating both encapsulation strategies is developed. The model is employed to comparatively study the oxygen concentration at different levels of vascularization, transplanted cell density, and spatial distribution, as well as with codelivered adjuvant cells. The model is then validated to be predictive of experimental results of oxygen pressure and local and systemic drug biodistribution in a direct vascularization device with local immunosuppressant delivery. The model highlights that dense vascularization can minimize cell hypoxia while allowing for high cell loading density. In contrast, lower levels of vascularization allow for better drug localization reducing systemic dissemination. Overall, it is shown that this model can serve as a valuable tool for the development and optimization of platform technologies for cell encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Capuani
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jocelyn Nikita Campa-Carranza
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, 64710, Mexico
| | - Nathanael Hernandez
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Corrine Ying Xuan Chua
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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7
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Colasante C, Bonilla-Martinez R, Berg T, Windhorst A, Baumgart-Vogt E. Peroxisomes during postnatal development of mouse endocrine and exocrine pancreas display cell-type- and stage-specific protein composition. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03766-6. [PMID: 37126142 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomal dysfunction unhinges cellular metabolism by causing the accumulation of toxic metabolic intermediates (e.g. reactive oxygen species, very -chain fatty acids, phytanic acid or eicosanoids) and the depletion of important lipid products (e.g. plasmalogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids), leading to various proinflammatory and devastating pathophysiological conditions like metabolic syndrome and age-related diseases including diabetes. Because the peroxisomal antioxidative marker enzyme catalase is low abundant in Langerhans islet cells, peroxisomes were considered scarcely present in the endocrine pancreas. Recently, studies demonstrated that the peroxisomal metabolism is relevant for pancreatic cell functionality. During the postnatal period, significant changes occur in the cell structure and the metabolism to trigger the final maturation of the pancreas, including cell proliferation, regulation of energy metabolism, and activation of signalling pathways. Our aim in this study was to (i) morphometrically analyse the density of peroxisomes in mouse endocrine versus exocrine pancreas and (ii) investigate how the distribution and the abundance of peroxisomal proteins involved in biogenesis, antioxidative defence and fatty acid metabolism change during pancreatic maturation in the postnatal period. Our results prove that endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cells contain high amounts of peroxisomes with heterogeneous protein content indicating that distinct endocrine and exocrine cell types require a specific set of peroxisomal proteins depending on their individual physiological functions. We further show that significant postnatal changes occur in the peroxisomal compartment of different pancreatic cells that are most probably relevant for the metabolic maturation and differentiation of the pancreas during the development from birth to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Colasante
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rocio Bonilla-Martinez
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Timm Berg
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anita Windhorst
- Institute for Medical Informatic, Justus Liebig University, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 6, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig -University, Aulweg 123, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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8
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Mawla AM, van der Meulen T, Huising MO. Chromatin accessibility differences between alpha, beta, and delta cells identifies common and cell type-specific enhancers. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:202. [PMID: 37069576 PMCID: PMC10108528 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High throughput sequencing has enabled the interrogation of the transcriptomic landscape of glucagon-secreting alpha cells, insulin-secreting beta cells, and somatostatin-secreting delta cells. These approaches have furthered our understanding of expression patterns that define healthy or diseased islet cell types and helped explicate some of the intricacies between major islet cell crosstalk and glucose regulation. All three endocrine cell types derive from a common pancreatic progenitor, yet alpha and beta cells have partially opposing functions, and delta cells modulate and control insulin and glucagon release. While gene expression signatures that define and maintain cellular identity have been widely explored, the underlying epigenetic components are incompletely characterized and understood. However, chromatin accessibility and remodeling is a dynamic attribute that plays a critical role to determine and maintain cellular identity. RESULTS Here, we compare and contrast the chromatin landscape between mouse alpha, beta, and delta cells using ATAC-Seq to evaluate the significant differences in chromatin accessibility. The similarities and differences in chromatin accessibility between these related islet endocrine cells help define their fate in support of their distinct functional roles. We identify patterns that suggest that both alpha and delta cells are poised, but repressed, from becoming beta-like. We also identify patterns in differentially enriched chromatin that have transcription factor motifs preferentially associated with different regions of the genome. Finally, we not only confirm and visualize previously discovered common endocrine- and cell specific- enhancer regions across differentially enriched chromatin, but identify novel regions as well. We compiled our chromatin accessibility data in a freely accessible database of common endocrine- and cell specific-enhancer regions that can be navigated with minimal bioinformatics expertise. CONCLUSIONS Both alpha and delta cells appear poised, but repressed, from becoming beta cells in murine pancreatic islets. These data broadly support earlier findings on the plasticity in identity of non-beta cells under certain circumstances. Furthermore, differential chromatin accessibility shows preferentially enriched distal-intergenic regions in beta cells, when compared to either alpha or delta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Mawla
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Talitha van der Meulen
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Mark O Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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9
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Yeo CT, Kropp EM, Hansen PA, Pereckas M, Oleson BJ, Naatz A, Stancill JS, Ross KA, Gundry RL, Corbett JA. β-cell-selective inhibition of DNA damage response signaling by nitric oxide is associated with an attenuation in glucose uptake. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102994. [PMID: 36773802 PMCID: PMC10023961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a dual role in regulating DNA damage response (DDR) signaling in pancreatic β-cells. As a genotoxic agent, NO activates two types of DDR signaling; however, when produced at micromolar levels by the inducible isoform of NO synthase, NO inhibits DDR signaling and DDR-induced apoptosis in a β-cell-selective manner. DDR signaling inhibition by NO correlates with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism inhibition and decreases in ATP and NAD+. Unlike most cell types, β-cells do not compensate for impaired mitochondrial oxidation by increasing glycolytic flux, and this metabolic inflexibility leads to a decrease in ATP and NAD+. Here, we used multiple analytical approaches to determine changes in intermediary metabolites in β-cells and non-β-cells treated with NO or complex I inhibitor rotenone. In addition to ATP and NAD+, glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates as well as NADPH are significantly decreased in β-cells treated with NO or rotenone. Consistent with glucose-6-phosphate residing at the metabolic branchpoint for glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (NADPH), we show that mitochondrial oxidation inhibitors limit glucose uptake in a β-cell-selective manner. Our findings indicate that the β-cell-selective inhibition of DDR signaling by NO is associated with a decrease in ATP to levels that fall significantly below the KM for ATP of glucokinase (glucose uptake) and suggest that this action places the β-cell in a state of suspended animation where it is metabolically inert until NO is removed, and metabolic function can be restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chay Teng Yeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Erin M Kropp
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Polly A Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Pereckas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryndon J Oleson
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aaron Naatz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer S Stancill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kyle A Ross
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rebekah L Gundry
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John A Corbett
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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10
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Wanders RJA, Baes M, Ribeiro D, Ferdinandusse S, Waterham HR. The physiological functions of human peroxisomes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:957-1024. [PMID: 35951481 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00051.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles that play a central role in human physiology by catalyzing a range of unique metabolic functions. The importance of peroxisomes for human health is exemplified by the existence of a group of usually severe diseases caused by an impairment in one or more peroxisomal functions. Among others these include the Zellweger spectrum disorders, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, and Refsum disease. To fulfill their role in metabolism, peroxisomes require continued interaction with other subcellular organelles including lipid droplets, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. In recent years it has become clear that the metabolic alliance between peroxisomes and other organelles requires the active participation of tethering proteins to bring the organelles physically closer together, thereby achieving efficient transfer of metabolites. This review intends to describe the current state of knowledge about the metabolic role of peroxisomes in humans, with particular emphasis on the metabolic partnership between peroxisomes and other organelles and the consequences of genetic defects in these processes. We also describe the biogenesis of peroxisomes and the consequences of the multiple genetic defects therein. In addition, we discuss the functional role of peroxisomes in different organs and tissues and include relevant information derived from model systems, notably peroxisomal mouse models. Finally, we pay particular attention to a hitherto underrated role of peroxisomes in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J A Wanders
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Baes
- Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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4-OI Protects MIN6 Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury by Reducing LDHA-Mediated ROS Generation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091236. [PMID: 36139075 PMCID: PMC9496514 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells are highly susceptible to oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in diabetes outcomes. Progress has been slow to identify molecules that could be utilized to enhance cell survival and function under oxidative stress. Itaconate, a byproduct of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The effects of itaconate on beta cells under oxidative stress are relatively unknown. We explored the effects of 4-octyl itaconate—a cell-permeable derivative of itaconate—on MIN6 (a beta cell model) under oxidative stress conditions caused by hypoxia, along with its mechanism of action. Treatment with 4-OI reversed hypoxia-induced cell death, reduced ROS production, and inhibited cell death pathway activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion in MIN6 cells. The 4-OI treatment also suppressed lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA)activity, which increases under hypoxia. Treatment of cells with the ROS scavenger NAC and LDHA-specific inhibitor FX-11 reproduced the beneficial effects of 4-OI on MIN6 cell viability under oxidative stress conditions, confirming its role in regulating ROS production. Conversely, overexpression of LDHA reduced the beneficial effects exerted by 4-OI on cells. Our findings provide a strong rationale for using 4-OI to prevent the death of MIN6 cells under oxidative stress.
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12
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Kleiboeker B, Lodhi IJ. Peroxisomal regulation of energy homeostasis: Effect on obesity and related metabolic disorders. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101577. [PMID: 35988716 PMCID: PMC9442330 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisomes are single membrane-bound organelles named for their role in hydrogen peroxide production and catabolism. However, their cellular functions extend well beyond reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and include fatty acid oxidation of unique substrates that cannot be catabolized in mitochondria, and synthesis of ether lipids and bile acids. Metabolic functions of peroxisomes involve crosstalk with other organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets and lysosomes. Emerging studies suggest that peroxisomes are important regulators of energy homeostasis and that disruption of peroxisomal functions influences the risk for obesity and the associated metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we focus on the role of peroxisomes in ether lipid synthesis, β-oxidation and ROS metabolism, given that these functions have been most widely studied and have physiologically relevant implications in systemic metabolism and obesity. Efforts are made to mechanistically link these cellular and systemic processes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasmalogens, a form of ether lipids, have been identified as inversely correlated biomarkers of obesity. Ether lipids influence metabolic homeostasis through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of mitochondrial morphology and respiration affecting brown fat-mediated thermogenesis, and through regulation of adipose tissue development. Peroxisomal β-oxidation also affects metabolic homeostasis through generation of signaling molecules, such as acetyl-CoA and ROS that inhibit hydrolysis of stored lipids, contributing to development of hepatic steatosis. Oxidative stress resulting from increased peroxisomal β-oxidation-generated ROS in the context of obesity mediates β-cell lipotoxicity. A better understanding of the roles peroxisomes play in regulating and responding to obesity and its complications will provide new opportunities for their treatment.
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13
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Huang K, Liang Y, Wang K, Wu J, Luo H, Yi B. Influence of circulating nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD on insulin secretion in the development of T2DM. Front Public Health 2022; 10:882686. [PMID: 36045734 PMCID: PMC9421132 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.882686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the correlation of nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD levels with β-cell insulin secretion and their influence on insulin secretion in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods 75 patients with T2DM, 67 with prediabetes and 37 heathy participants were recruited in this study. Serum levels of nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD were quantified and statistically analyzed. Results The levels of nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD in T2DM were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) compared to either in prediabetes or in healthy control, and significant reduction of these biomarkers was also observed in prediabetes when compared to the control (P < 0.001). Circulating nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD were not only strongly correlated with β-cell insulin secretion, but also exerted remarkable influence on the secretion. Conclusion Serum nesfatin-1, GSH and SOD are important factors involving insulin secretion in the development of T2DM, which may help provide new ideas for forthcoming investigations on the roles of these factors in pathogenesis of T2DM, as well as for active prediction and prevention of prediabetes before it develops into overt T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunlai Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huidan Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Bin Yi
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14
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Kim HH, Vaidya B, Cho SY, Kwon J, Kim D. Anti-hyperglycemic potential of alginate oligosaccharide in a high glucose-induced zebrafish model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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15
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Emfinger CH, de Klerk E, Schueler KL, Rabaglia ME, Stapleton DS, Simonett SP, Mitok KA, Wang Z, Liu X, Paulo JA, Yu Q, Cardone RL, Foster HR, Lewandowski SL, Perales JC, Kendziorski CM, Gygi SP, Kibbey RG, Keller MP, Hebrok M, Merrins MJ, Attie AD. β Cell-specific deletion of Zfp148 improves nutrient-stimulated β cell Ca2+ responses. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e154198. [PMID: 35603790 PMCID: PMC9220824 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is essential for glucose homeostasis. An insufficient response to the demand for insulin results in diabetes. We previously showed that β cell-specific deletion of Zfp148 (β-Zfp148KO) improves glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in mice. Here, we performed Ca2+ imaging of islets from β‑Zfp148KO and control mice fed both a chow and a Western-style diet. β-Zfp148KO islets demonstrated improved sensitivity and sustained Ca2+ oscillations in response to elevated glucose levels. β-Zfp148KO islets also exhibited elevated sensitivity to amino acid-induced Ca2+ influx under low glucose conditions, suggesting enhanced mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent (PEP-dependent), ATP-sensitive K+ channel closure, independent of glycolysis. RNA-Seq and proteomics of β-Zfp148KO islets revealed altered levels of enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism (specifically, SLC3A2, SLC7A8, GLS, GLS2, PSPH, PHGDH, and PSAT1) and intermediary metabolism (namely, GOT1 and PCK2), consistent with altered PEP cycling. In agreement with this, β-Zfp148KO islets displayed enhanced insulin secretion in response to l-glutamine and activation of glutamate dehydrogenase. Understanding pathways controlled by ZFP148 may provide promising strategies for improving β cell function that are robust to the metabolic challenge imposed by a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kathryn L. Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mary E. Rabaglia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Donnie S. Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shane P. Simonett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kelly A. Mitok
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joao A. Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Cardone
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hannah R. Foster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sophie L. Lewandowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - José C. Perales
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christina M. Kendziorski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Steven P. Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard G. Kibbey
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Matthew J. Merrins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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16
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Gu J, Dai J, Lu H, Zhao H. Comprehensive analysis of ubiquitously expressed genes in human, from a data-driven perspective. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2022:S1672-0229(22)00042-0. [PMID: 35569803 PMCID: PMC10373092 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive characterization of spatial and temporal gene expression patterns in humans is critical for uncovering the regulatory codes of the human genome and understanding the molecular mechanism of human disease. The ubiquitously expressed genes (UEGs) refer to those genes expressed across a majority, if not all, phenotypic and physiological conditions of an organism. It is known that many human genes are broadly expressed across tissues. However, most previous UEG studies have only focused on providing a list of UEGs without capturing their global expression patterns, thus limiting the potential use of UEG information. In this article, we proposed a novel data-driven framework to leverage the extensive collection of ∼40,000 human transcriptomes to derive a list of UEGs and their corresponding global expression patterns, which offers a valuable resource to further characterize human transcriptome. Our results suggest that about half (12,234; 49.01%) of the human genes are expressed in at least 80% of human transcriptomes, and the median size of the human transcriptome is 16,342 (65.44%). Through gene clustering, we identified a set of UEGs, named LoVarUEGs, that have stable expression across human transcriptomes and can be used as internal reference genes for expression measurement. To further demonstrate the usefulness of this resource, we evaluated the global expression patterns for 16 previously predicted disallowed genes in islets beta cells and found that seven of these genes showed relatively more varied expression patterns, suggesting that the repression of these genes may not be unique to islets beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Gu
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Big Data in Pediatric Precision Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Jiawei Dai
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui Lu
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Big Data in Pediatric Precision Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States.
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Role of the Transcription Factor MAFA in the Maintenance of Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094478. [PMID: 35562869 PMCID: PMC9101179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are specialized to properly regulate blood glucose. Maintenance of the mature β-cell phenotype is critical for glucose metabolism, and β-cell failure results in diabetes mellitus. Recent studies provide strong evidence that the mature phenotype of β-cells is maintained by several transcription factors. These factors are also required for β-cell differentiation from endocrine precursors or maturation from immature β-cells during pancreatic development. Because the reduction or loss of these factors leads to β-cell failure and diabetes, inducing the upregulation or inhibiting downregulation of these transcription factors would be beneficial for studies in both diabetes and stem cell biology. Here, we discuss one such factor, i.e., the transcription factor MAFA. MAFA is a basic leucine zipper family transcription factor that can activate the expression of insulin in β-cells with PDX1 and NEUROD1. MAFA is indeed indispensable for the maintenance of not only insulin expression but also function of adult β-cells. With loss of MAFA in type 2 diabetes, β-cells cannot maintain their mature phenotype and are dedifferentiated. In this review, we first briefly summarize the functional roles of MAFA in β-cells and then mainly focus on the molecular mechanism of cell fate conversion regulated by MAFA.
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18
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Kim MJ, Jeon JH. Recent Advances in Understanding Nrf2 Agonism and Its Potential Clinical Application to Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052846. [PMID: 35269986 PMCID: PMC8910922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major component of cell damage and cell fat, and as such, it occupies a central position in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. Nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor that coordinates expression of genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, is regulated primarily by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). However, involvement of the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway in tissue and organism homeostasis goes far beyond protection from cellular stress. In this review, we focus on evidence for Nrf2 pathway dysfunction during development of several metabolic/inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and diabetic complications, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases. We also review the beneficial role of current molecular Nrf2 agonists and summarize their use in ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that Nrf2 is a promising target for regulation of numerous diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, more studies are needed to explore the role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of metabolic/inflammatory diseases and to review safety implications before therapeutic use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Endocrinology in Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(53)-200-3182; Fax: +82-(53)-200-3155
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19
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Zhou J, Luo Y, Kang X, Bian F, Liu D. The root extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi promotes β cell function and protects from apoptosis by inducing autophagy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114790. [PMID: 34737007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) is a traditional Chinese medicine with a remarkable remedial effect on diabetes mellitus. However, the precise mechanism involved has not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we aimed to explore the anti-diabetes effects of its traditional decoction in vitro and elucidate the autophagy-related mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate the effects of the water extract of SBG (WSB) on the β cell viability, insulin secretion and the mechanism related to autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detection of insulin secretion using an enzyme immunoassay method, and analysis of apoptosis rate in MIN-6 cells by the flow cytometry with PI and Annexin V-FITC staining. In addition, the autophagy levels and pathways were evaluated from the number of autophagosomes and the expression of autophagy-related proteins. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) was used as the autophagy inhibitor. Autophagosomes were observed using a confocal microscopy, and autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II/I, p62, S6k, p-AMPK/AMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR) were measured by Western blot. RESULTS Here we detected a significant increase in insulin release from MIN-6 cells after treated with WSB. It is about 1.6 times as much as that of the control group with 2.8 mM glucose and 2.2 times more than the 16.8 mM glucose group. At the same time, WSB increased the number of autophagosomes and the ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ, indicating that autophagy were activated in MIN-6 cells. When inhibiting autophagy, there was no significant difference in insulin release between the two groups. The apoptotic rate of the high glucose group was as high as 33.23%. After pretreatment with WSB, the apoptotic rate decreased to 14.95%, and increased to 22.57% when treated with 3-MA and WSB. At the same time, WSB treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK, but had no significant effect on the expression of mTOR and S6K. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that WSB increased insulin secretion and reduced apoptosis under high glucose by inducing autophagy through the AMPK pathway, which elucidated the mechanism of WSB in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhou
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yushuang Luo
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xincong Kang
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fangzhou Bian
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, 410128, China.
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20
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Wang S, Yuan M, Zhang L, Zhu K, Sheng C, Zhou F, Xu Z, Liu Q, Liu Y, Lu J, Wang X, Zhou L. Sodium butyrate potentiates insulin secretion from rat islets at the expense of compromised expression of β cell identity genes. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:67. [PMID: 35046383 PMCID: PMC8770496 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota have been well demonstrated to improve metabolic homeostasis. However, the role of SCFAs in islet function remains controversial. In the present study, none of the sodium acetate, sodium propionate, and sodium butyrate (SB) displayed acute impacts on insulin secretion from rat islets, whereas long-term incubation of the three SCFAs significantly potentiated pancreatic β cell function. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed an unusual transcriptome change in SB-treated rat islets, with the downregulation of insulin secretion pathway and β cell identity genes, including Pdx1, MafA, NeuroD1, Gck, and Slc2a2. But these β cell identity genes were not governed by the pan-HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A. Overlapping analysis of H3K27Ac ChIP-seq and RNA-seq showed that the inhibitory effect of SB on the expression of multiple β cell identity genes was independent of H3K27Ac. SB treatment increased basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR), but attenuated glucose-stimulated OCR in rat islets, without altering the expressions of genes involved in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. SB reduced the expression of Kcnj11 (encoding KATP channel) and elevated basal intracellular calcium concentration. On the other hand, SB elicited insulin gene expression in rat islets through increasing H3K18bu occupation in its promoter, without stimulating CREB phosphorylation. These findings indicate that SB potentiates islet function as a lipid molecule at the expense of compromised expression of islet β cell identity genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kecheng Zhu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiang Sheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiye Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqian Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Libin Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Kahraman S, Dirice E, Basile G, Diegisser D, Alam J, Johansson BB, Gupta MK, Hu J, Huang L, Soh CL, Huangfu D, Muthuswamy SK, Raeder H, Molven A, Kulkarni RN. Abnormal exocrine-endocrine cell cross-talk promotes β-cell dysfunction and loss in MODY8. Nat Metab 2022; 4:76-89. [PMID: 35058633 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MODY8 (maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 8) is a dominantly inherited monogenic form of diabetes associated with mutations in the carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) gene expressed by pancreatic acinar cells. MODY8 patients develop childhood-onset exocrine pancreas dysfunction followed by diabetes during adulthood. However, it is unclear how CEL mutations cause diabetes. In the present study, we report the transfer of CEL proteins from acinar cells to β-cells as a form of cross-talk between exocrine and endocrine cells. Human β-cells show a relatively higher propensity for internalizing the mutant versus the wild-type CEL protein. After internalization, the mutant protein forms stable intracellular aggregates leading to β-cell secretory dysfunction. Analysis of pancreas sections from a MODY8 patient reveals the presence of CEL protein in the few extant β-cells. The present study provides compelling evidence for the mechanism by which a mutant gene expressed specifically in acinar cells promotes dysfunction and loss of β-cells to cause diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Kahraman
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle Diegisser
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Jahedul Alam
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bente B Johansson
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ling Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chew-Li Soh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helge Raeder
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Molven
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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22
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Scoville DW, Jetten AM. GLIS3: A Critical Transcription Factor in Islet β-Cell Generation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123471. [PMID: 34943978 PMCID: PMC8700524 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of pancreatic islet biology has greatly increased over the past few decades based in part on an increased understanding of the transcription factors that guide this process. One such transcription factor that has been increasingly tied to both β-cell development and the development of diabetes in humans is GLIS3. Genetic deletion of GLIS3 in mice and humans induces neonatal diabetes, while single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GLIS3 have been associated with both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. As a significant progress has been made in understanding some of GLIS3’s roles in pancreas development and diabetes, we sought to compare current knowledge on GLIS3 within the pancreas to that of other islet enriched transcription factors. While GLIS3 appears to regulate similar genes and pathways to other transcription factors, its unique roles in β-cell development and maturation make it a key target for future studies and therapy.
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23
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Mukherjee N, Lin L, Contreras CJ, Templin AT. β-Cell Death in Diabetes: Past Discoveries, Present Understanding, and Potential Future Advances. Metabolites 2021; 11:796. [PMID: 34822454 PMCID: PMC8620854 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
β-cell death is regarded as a major event driving loss of insulin secretion and hyperglycemia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we explore past, present, and potential future advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that promote β-cell death in diabetes, with a focus on the primary literature. We first review discoveries of insulin insufficiency, β-cell loss, and β-cell death in human diabetes. We discuss findings in humans and mouse models of diabetes related to autoimmune-associated β-cell loss and the roles of autoreactive T cells, B cells, and the β cell itself in this process. We review discoveries of the molecular mechanisms that underlie β-cell death-inducing stimuli, including proinflammatory cytokines, islet amyloid formation, ER stress, oxidative stress, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. Finally, we explore recent perspectives on β-cell death in diabetes, including: (1) the role of the β cell in its own demise, (2) methods and terminology for identifying diverse mechanisms of β-cell death, and (3) whether non-canonical forms of β-cell death, such as regulated necrosis, contribute to islet inflammation and β-cell loss in diabetes. We believe new perspectives on the mechanisms of β-cell death in diabetes will provide a better understanding of this pathological process and may lead to new therapeutic strategies to protect β cells in the setting of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noyonika Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (L.L.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Li Lin
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (L.L.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Christopher J. Contreras
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (L.L.); (C.J.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrew T. Templin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (L.L.); (C.J.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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24
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Brown MR, Holmes H, Rakshit K, Javeed N, Her TK, Stiller AA, Sen S, Shull GE, Prakash YS, Romero MF, Matveyenko AV. Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1 regulates pancreatic β cell function in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142365. [PMID: 34623331 DOI: 10.1172/jci142365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is attributed to perturbations of the β cell's transcriptional landscape resulting in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Recent studies identified SLC4A4 (a gene encoding an electrogenic Na+-coupled HCO3- cotransporter and intracellular pH regulator, NBCe1) as one of the misexpressed genes in β cells of patients with T2DM. Thus, in the current study, we set out to test the hypothesis that misexpression of SLC4A4/NBCe1 in T2DM β cells contributes to β cell dysfunction and impaired glucose homeostasis. To address this hypothesis, we first confirmed induction of SLC4A4/NBCe1 expression in β cells of patients with T2DM and demonstrated that its expression was associated with loss of β cell transcriptional identity, intracellular alkalinization, and β cell dysfunction. In addition, we generated a β cell-selective Slc4a4/NBCe1-KO mouse model and found that these mice were protected from diet-induced metabolic stress and β cell dysfunction. Importantly, improved glucose tolerance and enhanced β cell function in Slc4a4/NBCe1-deficient mice were due to augmented mitochondrial function and increased expression of genes regulating β cell identity and function. These results suggest that increased β cell expression of SLC4A4/NBCe1 in T2DM plays a contributory role in promotion of β cell failure and should be considered as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Brown
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Heather Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kuntol Rakshit
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Naureen Javeed
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tracy K Her
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alison A Stiller
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Satish Sen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gary E Shull
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Michael F Romero
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and
| | - Aleksey V Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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25
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Nasteska D, Cuozzo F, Viloria K, Johnson EM, Thakker A, Bany Bakar R, Westbrook RL, Barlow JP, Hoang M, Joseph JW, Lavery GG, Akerman I, Cantley J, Hodson L, Tennant DA, Hodson DJ. Prolyl-4-hydroxylase 3 maintains β cell glucose metabolism during fatty acid excess in mice. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e140288. [PMID: 34264866 PMCID: PMC8409982 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The α-ketoglutarate–dependent dioxygenase, prolyl-4-hydroxylase 3 (PHD3), is an HIF target that uses molecular oxygen to hydroxylate peptidyl prolyl residues. Although PHD3 has been reported to influence cancer cell metabolism and liver insulin sensitivity, relatively little is known about the effects of this highly conserved enzyme in insulin-secreting β cells in vivo. Here, we show that the deletion of PHD3 specifically in β cells (βPHD3KO) was associated with impaired glucose homeostasis in mice fed a high-fat diet. In the early stages of dietary fat excess, βPHD3KO islets energetically rewired, leading to defects in the management of pyruvate fate and a shift from glycolysis to increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO). However, under more prolonged metabolic stress, this switch to preferential FAO in βPHD3KO islets was associated with impaired glucose-stimulated ATP/ADP rises, Ca2+ fluxes, and insulin secretion. Thus, PHD3 might be a pivotal component of the β cell glucose metabolism machinery in mice by suppressing the use of fatty acids as a primary fuel source during the early phases of metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elspeth M Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alpesh Thakker
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rula Bany Bakar
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Westbrook
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P Barlow
- Mitochondrial Profiling Centre, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamie W Joseph
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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26
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Siehler J, Blöchinger AK, Meier M, Lickert H. Engineering islets from stem cells for advanced therapies of diabetes. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:920-940. [PMID: 34376833 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects more than 460 million people worldwide. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by autoimmune destruction of β-cells, whereas type 2 diabetes (T2D) is caused by a hostile metabolic environment that leads to β-cell exhaustion and dysfunction. Currently, first-line medications treat the symptomatic insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, but do not prevent the progressive decline of β-cell mass and function. Thus, advanced therapies need to be developed that either protect or regenerate endogenous β-cell mass early in disease progression or replace lost β-cells with stem cell-derived β-like cells or engineered islet-like clusters. In this Review, we discuss the state of the art of stem cell differentiation and islet engineering, reflect on current and future challenges in the area and highlight the potential for cell replacement therapies, disease modelling and drug development using these cells. These efforts in stem cell and regenerative medicine will lay the foundations for future biomedical breakthroughs and potentially curative treatments for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Siehler
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Karolina Blöchinger
- Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany. .,Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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27
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Wortham M, Sander M. Transcriptional mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell maturation and functional adaptation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:474-487. [PMID: 34030925 PMCID: PMC8259463 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin commensurate to circulating nutrient levels to maintain normoglycemia. The ability of β-cells to couple insulin secretion to nutrient stimuli is acquired during a postnatal maturation process. In mature β-cells the insulin secretory response adapts to changes in nutrient state. Both β-cell maturation and functional adaptation rely on the interplay between extracellular cues and cell type-specific transcriptional programs. Here we review emerging evidence that developmental and homeostatic regulation of β-cell function involves collaboration between lineage-determining and signal-dependent transcription factors (LDTFs and SDTFs, respectively). A deeper understanding of β-cell SDTFs and their cognate signals would delineate mechanisms of β-cell maturation and functional adaptation, which has direct implications for diabetes therapies and for generating mature β-cells from stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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28
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Avrahami D, Wang YJ, Schug J, Feleke E, Gao L, Liu C, Naji A, Glaser B, Kaestner KH. Single-cell transcriptomics of human islet ontogeny defines the molecular basis of β-cell dedifferentiation in T2D. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101057. [PMID: 32739450 PMCID: PMC7471622 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dedifferentiation of pancreatic β-cells may reduce islet function in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the prevalence, plasticity and functional consequences of this cellular state remain unknown. METHODS We employed single-cell RNAseq to detail the maturation program of α- and β-cells during human ontogeny. We also compared islets from non-diabetic and T2D individuals. RESULTS Both α- and β-cells mature in part by repressing non-endocrine genes; however, α-cells retain hallmarks of an immature state, while β-cells attain a full β-cell specific gene expression program. In islets from T2D donors, both α- and β-cells have a less mature expression profile, de-repressing the juvenile genetic program and exocrine genes and increasing expression of exocytosis, inflammation and stress response signalling pathways. These changes are consistent with the increased proportion of β-cells displaying suboptimal function observed in T2D islets. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights into the molecular program underlying islet cell maturation during human ontogeny and the loss of transcriptomic maturity that occurs in islets of type 2 diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Avrahami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yue J Wang
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Schug
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eseye Feleke
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Long Gao
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chengyang Liu
- Department of Surgery and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Department of Surgery and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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29
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Kim H, Kulkarni RN. Epigenetics in β-cell adaptation and type 2 diabetes. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 55:125-131. [PMID: 33232934 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Healthy pancreatic β-cells adapt to systemic insulin resistance to maintain normal blood glucose levels, and a failure of this adaptation leads to type 2 diabetes in humans. While genome-wide association studies have uncovered genetic variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes, it is still insufficient to explain the high prevalence of this disease. Epigenetics is the study of gene expression changes that do not involve DNA sequence alterations such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Over the last decade, a large number of studies have reported on the role of epigenetics in β-cell biology. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic mechanisms in β-cell adaptation and type 2 diabetes, including alterations in three-dimensional chromatin structure and RNA modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunki Kim
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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30
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Sakano D, Uefune F, Tokuma H, Sonoda Y, Matsuura K, Takeda N, Nakagata N, Kume K, Shiraki N, Kume S. VMAT2 Safeguards β-Cells Against Dopamine Cytotoxicity Under High-Fat Diet-Induced Stress. Diabetes 2020; 69:2377-2391. [PMID: 32826296 PMCID: PMC7576560 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) uptakes cytoplasmic monoamines into vesicles for storage. VMAT2 plays a role in modulating insulin release by regulating dopamine levels in the pancreas, although the exact mechanism remains elusive. We found that VMAT2 expression in β-cells specifically increases under high blood glucose conditions. The islets isolated from β-cell-specific Vmat2 knockout (βVmat2KO) mice show elevated insulin secretion levels in response to glucose stimulation. Under prolonged high-fat diet feedings, the βVmat2KO mice exhibit impaired glucose and insulin tolerance and progressive β-cell dysfunction. Here we demonstrate VMAT2 uptake of dopamine to protect dopamine from degradation by monoamine oxidase, thereby safeguarding β-cells from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) exposure. In the context of high demand for insulin secretion, the absence of VMAT2 leads to elevated ROS in β-cells, which accelerates β-cell dedifferentiation and β-cell loss. Therefore, VMAT2 controls the amount of dopamine in β-cells, thereby protecting pancreatic β-cells from excessive oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sakano
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumiya Uefune
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiraku Tokuma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Sonoda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kumi Matsuura
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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31
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Mostafa D, Yanagiya A, Georgiadou E, Wu Y, Stylianides T, Rutter GA, Suzuki T, Yamamoto T. Loss of β-cell identity and diabetic phenotype in mice caused by disruption of CNOT3-dependent mRNA deadenylation. Commun Biol 2020; 3:476. [PMID: 32859966 PMCID: PMC7455721 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are responsible for production and secretion of insulin in response to increasing blood glucose levels. Defects in β-cell function lead to hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus. Here, we show that CNOT3, a CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex subunit, is dysregulated in islets in diabetic db/db mice, and that it is essential for murine β cell maturation and identity. Mice with β cell-specific Cnot3 deletion (Cnot3βKO) exhibit impaired glucose tolerance, decreased β cell mass, and they gradually develop diabetes. Cnot3βKO islets display decreased expression of key regulators of β cell maturation and function. Moreover, they show an increase of progenitor cell markers, β cell-disallowed genes, and genes relevant to altered β cell function. Cnot3βKO islets exhibit altered deadenylation and increased mRNA stability, partly accounting for the increased expression of those genes. Together, these data reveal that CNOT3-mediated mRNA deadenylation and decay constitute previously unsuspected post-transcriptional mechanisms essential for β cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Mostafa
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akiko Yanagiya
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Eleni Georgiadou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yibo Wu
- Laboratory for Next-Generation Proteomics, Riken Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Theodoros Stylianides
- Centre of Innovative and Collaborative Construction Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Riken Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
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32
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Osipovich AB, Stancill JS, Cartailler JP, Dudek KD, Magnuson MA. Excitotoxicity and Overnutrition Additively Impair Metabolic Function and Identity of Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2020; 69:1476-1491. [PMID: 32332159 PMCID: PMC7809715 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration (referred to hereafter as excitotoxicity), brought on by chronic metabolic stress, may contribute to pancreatic β-cell failure. To determine the additive effects of excitotoxicity and overnutrition on β-cell function and gene expression, we analyzed the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on Abcc8 knockout mice. Excitotoxicity caused β-cells to be more susceptible to HFD-induced impairment of glucose homeostasis, and these effects were mitigated by verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker. Excitotoxicity, overnutrition, and the combination of both stresses caused similar but distinct alterations in the β-cell transcriptome, including additive increases in genes associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis and their key regulator Ppargc1a Overnutrition worsened excitotoxicity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, increasing metabolic inflexibility and mitochondrial damage. In addition, excitotoxicity and overnutrition, individually and together, impaired both β-cell function and identity by reducing expression of genes important for insulin secretion, cell polarity, cell junction, cilia, cytoskeleton, vesicular trafficking, and regulation of β-cell epigenetic and transcriptional program. Sex had an impact on all β-cell responses, with male animals exhibiting greater metabolic stress-induced impairments than females. Together, these findings indicate that a sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+, by altering mitochondrial function and impairing β-cell identity, augments overnutrition-induced β-cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Jennifer S Stancill
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Karrie D Dudek
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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33
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Helman A, Cangelosi AL, Davis JC, Pham Q, Rothman A, Faust AL, Straubhaar JR, Sabatini DM, Melton DA. A Nutrient-Sensing Transition at Birth Triggers Glucose-Responsive Insulin Secretion. Cell Metab 2020; 31:1004-1016.e5. [PMID: 32375022 PMCID: PMC7480404 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A drastic transition at birth, from constant maternal nutrient supply in utero to intermittent postnatal feeding, requires changes in the metabolic system of the neonate. Despite their central role in metabolic homeostasis, little is known about how pancreatic β cells adjust to the new nutritional challenge. Here, we find that after birth β cell function shifts from amino acid- to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in correlation with the change in the nutritional environment. This adaptation is mediated by a transition in nutrient sensitivity of the mTORC1 pathway, which leads to intermittent mTORC1 activity. Disrupting nutrient sensitivity of mTORC1 in mature β cells reverts insulin secretion to a functionally immature state. Finally, manipulating nutrient sensitivity of mTORC1 in stem cell-derived β cells in vitro strongly enhances their glucose-responsive insulin secretion. These results reveal a mechanism by which nutrients regulate β cell function, thereby enabling a metabolic adaptation for the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Helman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Andrew L Cangelosi
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Davis
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Quan Pham
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Arielle Rothman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Aubrey L Faust
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Juerg R Straubhaar
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David M Sabatini
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Douglas A Melton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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34
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Kim H, Yoon BH, Oh CM, Lee J, Lee K, Song H, Kim E, Yi K, Kim MY, Kim H, Kim YK, Seo EH, Heo H, Kim HJ, Lee J, Suh JM, Koo SH, Seong JK, Kim S, Ju YS, Shong M, Kim M, Kim H. PRMT1 Is Required for the Maintenance of Mature β-Cell Identity. Diabetes 2020; 69:355-368. [PMID: 31848151 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Loss of functional β-cell mass is an essential feature of type 2 diabetes, and maintaining mature β-cell identity is important for preserving a functional β-cell mass. However, it is unclear how β-cells achieve and maintain their mature identity. Here we demonstrate a novel function of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) in maintaining mature β-cell identity. Prmt1 knockout in fetal and adult β-cells induced diabetes, which was aggravated by high-fat diet-induced metabolic stress. Deletion of Prmt1 in adult β-cells resulted in the immediate loss of histone H4 arginine 3 asymmetric dimethylation (H4R3me2a) and the subsequent loss of β-cell identity. The expression levels of genes involved in mature β-cell function and identity were robustly downregulated as soon as Prmt1 deletion was induced in adult β-cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing analyses revealed that PRMT1-dependent H4R3me2a increases chromatin accessibility at the binding sites for CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and β-cell transcription factors. In addition, PRMT1-dependent open chromatin regions may show an association with the risk of diabetes in humans. Together, our results indicate that PRMT1 plays an essential role in maintaining β-cell identity by regulating chromatin accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Ha Yoon
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyub Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghoon Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heein Song
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijong Yi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Seo
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejeong Heo
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, Program for Cancer Biology and BIO-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirang Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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35
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Melnik BC. Milk exosomal miRNAs: potential drivers of AMPK-to-mTORC1 switching in β-cell de-differentiation of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:85. [PMID: 31827573 PMCID: PMC6898964 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) steadily increases in prevalence since the 1950's, the period of widespread distribution of refrigerated pasteurized cow's milk. Whereas breastfeeding protects against the development of T2DM in later life, accumulating epidemiological evidence underlines the role of cow's milk consumption in T2DM. Recent studies in rodent models demonstrate that during the breastfeeding period pancreatic β-cells are metabolically immature and preferentially proliferate by activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and suppression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Weaning determines a metabolic switch of β-cells from a proliferating, immature phenotype with low insulin secretion to a differentiated mature phenotype with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, less proliferation, reduced mTORC1- but increased AMPK activity. Translational evidence presented in this perspective implies for the first time that termination of milk miRNA transfer is the driver of this metabolic switch. miRNA-148a is a key inhibitor of AMPK and phosphatase and tensin homolog, crucial suppressors of mTORC1. β-Cells of diabetic patients return to the postnatal phenotype with high mTORC1 and low AMPK activity, explained by continuous transfer of bovine milk miRNAs to the human milk consumer. Bovine milk miRNA-148a apparently promotes β-cell de-differentiation to the immature mTORC1-high/AMPK-low phenotype with functional impairments in insulin secretion, increased mTORC1-driven endoplasmic reticulum stress, reduced autophagy and early β-cell apoptosis. In contrast to pasteurized cow's milk, milk's miRNAs are inactivated by bacterial fermentation, boiling and ultra-heat treatment and are missing in current infant formula. Persistent milk miRNA signaling adds a new perspective to the pathogenesis of T2DM and explains the protective role of breastfeeding but the diabetogenic effect of continued milk miRNA signaling by persistent consumption of pasteurized cow's milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7A, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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36
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Newsholme P, Keane KN, Carlessi R, Cruzat V. Oxidative stress pathways in pancreatic β-cells and insulin-sensitive cells and tissues: importance to cell metabolism, function, and dysfunction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C420-C433. [PMID: 31216193 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00141.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is now accepted that nutrient abundance in the blood, especially glucose, leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to increased oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. In the absence of an appropriate compensatory response from antioxidant mechanisms, the cell, or indeed the tissue, becomes overwhelmed by oxidative stress, leading to the activation of intracellular stress-associated pathways. Activation of the same or similar pathways also appears to play a role in mediating insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and late diabetic complications. The ability of antioxidants to protect against the oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia and elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels in vitro suggests a causative role of oxidative stress in mediating the latter clinical conditions. In this review, we describe common biochemical processes associated with oxidative stress driven by hyperglycemia and/or elevated FFA and the resulting clinical outcomes: β-cell dysfunction and peripheral tissue insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin N Keane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vinicius Cruzat
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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37
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Terra LF, Wailemann RAM, Dos Santos AF, Gomes VM, Silva RP, Laporte A, Meotti FC, Terra WR, Palmisano G, Lortz S, Labriola L. Heat shock protein B1 is a key mediator of prolactin-induced beta-cell cytoprotection against oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:394-405. [PMID: 30699366 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining islet cell viability in vitro, although challenging, appears to be a strategy for improving the outcome of pancreatic islet transplantation. We have shown that prolactin (PRL) leads to beta-cell cytoprotection against apoptosis, an effect mediated by heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1). Since the role of HSPB1 in beta-cells is still unclear and the hormone concentration used is not compatible with clinical applications because of all the side effects displayed by the hormone in other tissues, we explored the molecular mechanisms by which HSPB1 mediates beta-cell cytoprotection. Lysates from PRL- and/or cytokine-treated MIN6 beta-cells were subjected to HSPB1 immunoprecipitation followed by identification through mass spectrometry. PRL-treated cells presented an enrichment of several proteins co-precipitating with HSPB1. Of note were oxidative stress resistance-, protein degradation- and carbohydrate metabolism-related proteins. Wild type, HSPB1 silenced or overexpressing MIN6 cells were exposed to menadione and hydrogen peroxide and analysed for several oxidative stress parameters. HSPB1 knockdown rendered cells more sensitive to oxidative stress and led to a reduced antioxidant capacity, while prolactin induced an HSPB1-mediated cytoprotection against oxidative stress. HSPB1 overexpression, however, led to opposite effects. PRL treatment, HSPB1 silencing or overexpression did not change the expression nor activities of antioxidant enzymes, it also did not lead to a modulation of total glutathione levels nor G6PD expression. However, HSPB1 levels are related to a modulation of GSH/GSSG ratio, G6PD activity and NADPH/NADP + ratio. We have shown that HSPB1 is important for pro-survival effects against oxidative stress-induced beta-cell death. These results are in accordance with PRL-induced enrichment of HSPB1-interacting proteins related to protection against oxidative stress. Finally, our results outline the need of further studies investigating the importance of HSPB1 for beta-cell viability, since this could lead to the mitigation of beta-cell death through the up-regulation of an endogenous protective pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia F Terra
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße, 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Rosangela A M Wailemann
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ancély F Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius M Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Railmara P Silva
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anna Laporte
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße, 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Flávia C Meotti
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Walter R Terra
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas (Edifício II), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Stephan Lortz
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße, 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Leticia Labriola
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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38
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Wang P, Karakose E, Liu H, Swartz E, Ackeifi C, Zlatanic V, Wilson J, González BJ, Bender A, Takane KK, Ye L, Harb G, Pagliuca F, Homann D, Egli D, Argmann C, Scott DK, Garcia-Ocaña A, Stewart AF. Combined Inhibition of DYRK1A, SMAD, and Trithorax Pathways Synergizes to Induce Robust Replication in Adult Human Beta Cells. Cell Metab 2019; 29:638-652.e5. [PMID: 30581122 PMCID: PMC6402958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) induce human beta cells to proliferate, generating a labeling index of 1.5%-3%. Here, we demonstrate that combined pharmacologic inhibition of DYRK1A and transforming growth factor beta superfamily (TGFβSF)/SMAD signaling generates remarkable further synergistic increases in human beta cell proliferation (average labeling index, 5%-8%, and as high as 15%-18%), and increases in both mouse and human beta cell numbers. This synergy reflects activation of cyclins and cdks by DYRK1A inhibition, accompanied by simultaneous reductions in key cell-cycle inhibitors (CDKN1C and CDKN1A). The latter results from interference with the basal Trithorax- and SMAD-mediated transactivation of CDKN1C and CDKN1A. Notably, combined DYRK1A and TGFβ inhibition allows preservation of beta cell differentiated function. These beneficial effects extend from normal human beta cells and stem cell-derived human beta cells to those from people with type 2 diabetes, and occur both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ethan Swartz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Courtney Ackeifi
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Viktor Zlatanic
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jessica Wilson
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bryan J González
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Aaron Bender
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Karen K Takane
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lillian Ye
- Semma Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - George Harb
- Semma Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dieter Egli
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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39
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Baboota RK, Shinde AB, Lemaire K, Fransen M, Vinckier S, Van Veldhoven PP, Schuit F, Baes M. Functional peroxisomes are required for β-cell integrity in mice. Mol Metab 2019; 22:71-83. [PMID: 30795913 PMCID: PMC6437690 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Peroxisomes play a crucial role in lipid and reactive oxygen species metabolism, but their importance for pancreatic β-cell functioning is presently unknown. To examine the contribution of peroxisomal metabolism to β-cell homeostasis in mice, we inactivated PEX5, the import receptor for peroxisomal matrix proteins, in an inducible and β-cell restricted manner (Rip-Pex5−/− mice). Methods After tamoxifen-induced recombination of the Pex5 gene at the age of 6 weeks, mice were fed either normal chow or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and were subsequently phenotyped. Results Increased levels of very long chain fatty acids and reduced levels of plasmalogens in islets confirmed impairment of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and ether lipid synthesis, respectively. The Rip-Pex5−/− mice fed on either diet exhibited glucose intolerance associated with impaired insulin secretion. Ultrastructural and biochemical analysis revealed a decrease in the density of mature insulin granules and total pancreatic insulin content, which was further accompanied by mitochondrial disruptions, reduced complex I activity and massive vacuole overload in β-cells. RNAseq analysis suggested that cell death pathways were affected in islets from HFD-fed Rip-Pex5−/− mice. Consistent with this change we observed increased β-cell apoptosis in islets and a decrease in β-cell mass. Conclusions Our data indicate that normal peroxisome metabolism in β-cells is crucial to preserve their structure and function. Pex5 deletion in β-cells impairs glucose tolerance and reduces β-cell mass. Pex5-deficient β-cells display increased apoptosis. Peroxisomal loss causes mitochondrial deterioration and cytoplasmic vacuolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar Baboota
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhijit Babaji Shinde
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katleen Lemaire
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Gene Expression Unit, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Fransen
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Vinckier
- VIB-KULeuven Centre for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul P Van Veldhoven
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frans Schuit
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Gene Expression Unit, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myriam Baes
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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40
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Harnessing CXCL12 signaling to protect and preserve functional β-cell mass and for cell replacement in type 1 diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 193:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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41
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Saeedi Borujeni MJ, Esfandiary E, Baradaran A, Valiani A, Ghanadian M, Codoñer-Franch P, Basirat R, Alonso-Iglesias E, Mirzaei H, Yazdani A. Molecular aspects of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction: Oxidative stress, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8411-8425. [PMID: 30565679 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is known as a frequent precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This disease could affect 8% of the people worldwide. Given that pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and loss have central roles in the initiation and progression of the disease, the understanding of cellular and molecular pathways associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction can provide more information about the underlying pathways involved in T2D. Multiple lines evidence indicated that oxidative stress, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA play significant roles in various steps of diseases. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors involved in T2D pathogenesis. This could affect the function and survival of the β cell via activation or inhibition of several processes and targets, such as receptor-signal transduction, enzyme activity, gene expression, ion channel transport, and apoptosis. Besides oxidative stress, microRNAs and noncoding RNAs have emerged as epigenetic regulators that could affect pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. These molecules exert their effects via targeting a variety of cellular and molecular pathways involved in T2D pathogenesis. Here, we summarized the molecular aspects of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Moreover, we highlighted the roles of oxidative stress, microRNAs, and noncoding RNAs in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Saeedi Borujeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Esfandiary
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Baradaran
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Valiani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Reyhane Basirat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amid Yazdani
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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42
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Matzinger M, Fischhuber K, Heiss EH. Activation of Nrf2 signaling by natural products-can it alleviate diabetes? Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1738-1767. [PMID: 29289692 PMCID: PMC5967606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached pandemic proportions and effective prevention strategies are wanted. Its onset is accompanied by cellular distress, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor boosting cytoprotective responses, and many phytochemicals activate Nrf2 signaling. Thus, Nrf2 activation by natural products could presumably alleviate DM. We summarize function, regulation and exogenous activation of Nrf2, as well as diabetes-linked and Nrf2-susceptible forms of cellular stress. The reported amelioration of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and diabetic complications by activated Nrf2 as well as the status quo of Nrf2 in precision medicine for DM are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Matzinger
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Fischhuber
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmacognosy, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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43
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Gerencser AA. Metabolic activation-driven mitochondrial hyperpolarization predicts insulin secretion in human pancreatic beta-cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:817-828. [PMID: 29886047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism plays a central role in insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Generation of protonmotive force and ATP synthesis from glucose-originated pyruvate are critical steps in the canonical pathway of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Mitochondrial metabolism is intertwined with pathways that are thought to amplify insulin secretion with mechanisms distinct from the canonical pathway, and the relative importance of these two pathways is controversial. Here I show that glucose-induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) hyperpolarization is necessary for, and predicts, the rate of insulin secretion in primary cultured human beta-cells. When glucose concentration is elevated, increased metabolism results in a substantial MMP hyperpolarization, as well as in increased rates of ATP synthesis and turnover marked by faster cell respiration. Using modular kinetic analysis I explored what properties of cellular energy metabolism enable a large glucose-induced change in MMP in human beta-cells. I found that an ATP-dependent pathway activates glucose or substrate oxidation, acting as a positive feedback in energy metabolism. This activation mechanism is essential for concomitant fast respiration and high MMP, and for a high magnitude glucose-induced MMP hyperpolarization and therefore for insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos A Gerencser
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945, United States; Image Analyst Software, 43 Nova Lane, Novato, CA 94945, United States.
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44
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MicroRNA Expression Analysis of In Vitro Dedifferentiated Human Pancreatic Islet Cells Reveals the Activation of the Pluripotency-Related MicroRNA Cluster miR-302s. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041170. [PMID: 29649109 PMCID: PMC5979342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-cell dedifferentiation has been recently suggested as an additional mechanism contributing to type-1 and to type-2 diabetes pathogenesis. Moreover, several studies demonstrated that in vitro culture of native human pancreatic islets derived from non-diabetic donors resulted in the generation of an undifferentiated cell population. Additional evidence from in vitro human β-cell lineage tracing experiments, demonstrated that dedifferentiated cells derive from β-cells, thus representing a potential in vitro model of β-cell dedifferentiation. Here, we report the microRNA expression profiles analysis of in vitro dedifferentiated islet cells in comparison to mature human native pancreatic islets. We identified 13 microRNAs upregulated and 110 downregulated in islet cells upon in vitro dedifferentiation. Interestingly, among upregulated microRNAs, we observed the activation of microRNA miR-302s cluster, previously defined as pluripotency-associated. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that miR-302s are predicted to target several genes involved in the control of β-cell/epithelial phenotype maintenance; accordingly, such genes were downregulated upon human islet in vitro dedifferentiation. Moreover, we uncovered that cell–cell contacts are needed to maintain low/null expression levels of miR-302. In conclusion, we showed that miR-302 microRNA cluster genes are involved in in vitro dedifferentiation of human pancreatic islet cells and inhibits the expression of multiple genes involved in the maintenance of β-cell mature phenotype.
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45
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Oshima M, Knoch KP, Diedisheim M, Petzold A, Cattan P, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Choudhary P, Huang GC, Bornstein SR, Solimena M, Albagli-Curiel O, Scharfmann R. Virus-like infection induces human β cell dedifferentiation. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97732. [PMID: 29415896 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease characterized by an autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Environmental factors such as viruses play an important role in the onset of T1D and interact with predisposing genes. Recent data suggest that viral infection of human islets leads to a decrease in insulin production rather than β cell death, suggesting loss of β cell identity. We undertook this study to examine whether viral infection could induce human β cell dedifferentiation. Using the functional human β cell line EndoC-βH1, we demonstrate that polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C), a synthetic double-stranded RNA that mimics a byproduct of viral replication, induces a decrease in β cell-specific gene expression. In parallel with this loss, the expression of progenitor-like genes such as SOX9 was activated following PolyI:C treatment or enteroviral infection. SOX9 was induced by the NF-κB pathway and also in a paracrine non-cell-autonomous fashion through the secretion of IFN-α. Lastly, we identified SOX9 targets in human β cells as potentially new markers of dedifferentiation in T1D. These findings reveal that inflammatory signaling has clear implications in human β cell dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Oshima
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Klaus-Peter Knoch
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Diedisheim
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antje Petzold
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pierre Cattan
- Cell Therapy Unit Hospital Saint-Louis and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Denmark Hill, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guo-Cai Huang
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Denmark Hill, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Olivier Albagli-Curiel
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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46
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Puri S, Roy N, Russ HA, Leonhardt L, French EK, Roy R, Bengtsson H, Scott DK, Stewart AF, Hebrok M. Replication confers β cell immaturity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:485. [PMID: 29396395 PMCID: PMC5797102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells are highly specialized to regulate systemic glucose levels by secreting insulin. In adults, increase in β-cell mass is limited due to brakes on cell replication. In contrast, proliferation is robust in neonatal β cells that are functionally immature as defined by a lower set point for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Here we show that β-cell proliferation and immaturity are linked by tuning expression of physiologically relevant, non-oncogenic levels of c-Myc. Adult β cells induced to replicate adopt gene expression and metabolic profiles resembling those of immature neonatal β that proliferate readily. We directly demonstrate that priming insulin-producing cells to enter the cell cycle promotes a functionally immature phenotype. We suggest that there exists a balance between mature functionality and the ability to expand, as the phenotypic state of the β cell reverts to a less functional one in response to proliferative cues. Adult beta cells, which are highly specialised insulin-secreting cells, rarely replicate. Puri et al. demonstrate that beta cell proliferative capacity is inversely correlated with their functionality and differentiation state, by inducing proliferation of adult cells with ectopic overexpression of the cell cycle regulator c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Puri
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nilotpal Roy
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Laura Leonhardt
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Esra K French
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ritu Roy
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henrik Bengtsson
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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47
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Wang H, Bender A, Wang P, Karakose E, Inabnet WB, Libutti SK, Arnold A, Lambertini L, Stang M, Chen H, Kasai Y, Mahajan M, Kinoshita Y, Fernandez-Ranvier G, Becker TC, Takane KK, Walker LA, Saul S, Chen R, Scott DK, Ferrer J, Antipin Y, Donovan M, Uzilov AV, Reva B, Schadt EE, Losic B, Argmann C, Stewart AF. Insights into beta cell regeneration for diabetes via integration of molecular landscapes in human insulinomas. Nat Commun 2017; 8:767. [PMID: 28974674 PMCID: PMC5626682 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although diabetes results in part from a deficiency of normal pancreatic beta cells, inducing human beta cells to regenerate is difficult. Reasoning that insulinomas hold the “genomic recipe” for beta cell expansion, we surveyed 38 human insulinomas to obtain insights into therapeutic pathways for beta cell regeneration. An integrative analysis of whole-exome and RNA-sequencing data was employed to extensively characterize the genomic and molecular landscape of insulinomas relative to normal beta cells. Here, we show at the pathway level that the majority of the insulinomas display mutations, copy number variants and/or dysregulation of epigenetic modifying genes, most prominently in the polycomb and trithorax families. Importantly, these processes are coupled to co-expression network modules associated with cell proliferation, revealing candidates for inducing beta cell regeneration. Validation of key computational predictions supports the concept that understanding the molecular complexity of insulinoma may be a valuable approach to diabetes drug discovery. Diabetes results in part from a deficiency of functional pancreatic beta cells. Here, the authors study the genomic and epigenetic landscapes of human insulinomas to gain insight into possible pathways for therapeutic beta cell regeneration, highlighting epigenetic genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Graduate School, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Aaron Bender
- The Graduate School, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - William B Inabnet
- The Department of Surgery, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Steven K Libutti
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Andrew Arnold
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- The Departments of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Micheal Stang
- The Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Herbert Chen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Yumi Kasai
- The New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Milind Mahajan
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yayoi Kinoshita
- The Department of Pathology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | | | - Thomas C Becker
- The Sarah W. Stedman Center for Nutrition and Metabolism, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Karen K Takane
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Laura A Walker
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Shira Saul
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- The Department of Genetics in Medicine, Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yevgeniy Antipin
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Michael Donovan
- The Department of Pathology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew V Uzilov
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Boris Reva
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Bojan Losic
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- The Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- The Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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48
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Rutter GA, Hodson DJ, Chabosseau P, Haythorne E, Pullen TJ, Leclerc I. Local and regional control of calcium dynamics in the pancreatic islet. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:30-41. [PMID: 28466490 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is the key intracellular regulator of insulin secretion, acting in the β-cell as the ultimate trigger for exocytosis. In response to high glucose, ATP-sensitive K+ channel closure and plasma membrane depolarization engage a sophisticated machinery to drive pulsatile cytosolic Ca2+ changes. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ -activated K+ channels and Na+ /Ca2+ exchange all play important roles. The use of targeted Ca2+ probes has revealed that during each cytosolic Ca2+ pulse, uptake of Ca2+ by mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), secretory granules and lysosomes fine-tune cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics and control organellar function. For example, changes in the expression of the Ca2+ -binding protein Sorcin appear to provide a link between ER Ca2+ levels and ER stress, affecting β-cell function and survival. Across the islet, intercellular communication between highly interconnected "hubs," which act as pacemaker β-cells, and subservient "followers," ensures efficient insulin secretion. Loss of connectivity is seen after the deletion of genes associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and follows metabolic and inflammatory insults that characterize this disease. Hubs, which typically comprise ~1%-10% of total β-cells, are repurposed for their specialized role by expression of high glucokinase (Gck) but lower Pdx1 and Nkx6.1 levels. Single cell-omics are poised to provide a deeper understanding of the nature of these cells and of the networks through which they communicate. New insights into the control of both the intra- and intercellular Ca2+ dynamics may thus shed light on T2D pathology and provide novel opportunities for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Haythorne
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J Pullen
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
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49
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Raptor regulates functional maturation of murine beta cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15755. [PMID: 28598424 PMCID: PMC5472774 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with beta cell mass loss and islet dysfunctions. mTORC1 regulates beta cell survival, proliferation and function in physiological and pathological conditions, such as pregnancy and pancreatectomy. Here we show that deletion of Raptor, which is an essential component of mTORC1, in insulin-expressing cells promotes hypoinsulinemia and glucose intolerance. Raptor-deficient beta cells display reduced glucose responsiveness and exhibit a glucose metabolic profile resembling fetal beta cells. Knockout islets have decreased expression of key factors of functional maturation and upregulation of neonatal markers and beta cell disallowed genes, resulting in loss of functional maturity. Mechanistically, Raptor-deficient beta cells show reduced expression of DNA-methyltransferase 3a and altered patterns of DNA methylation at loci that are involved in the repression of disallowed genes. The present findings highlight a novel role of mTORC1 as a core mechanism governing postnatal beta cell maturation and physiologic beta cell mass during adulthood. mTORC1 regulates beta cell survival, function and adaptation to physiologic and pathological stimuli. Here Ni et al. demonstrate that that deficiency of Raptor, a component of mTORC1 complex, impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice by affecting maturation of beta cells during the postnatal period.
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50
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Vieira A, Druelle N, Avolio F, Napolitano T, Navarro-Sanz S, Silvano S, Collombat P. β-Cell Replacement Strategies: The Increasing Need for a "β-Cell Dogma". Front Genet 2017. [PMID: 28634486 PMCID: PMC5459879 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune disease resulting in the loss of pancreatic β-cells and, consequently, in chronic hyperglycemia. Insulin supplementation allows diabetic patients to control their glycaemia quite efficiently, but treated patients still display an overall shortened life expectancy and an altered quality of life as compared to their healthy counterparts. In this context and due to the ever increasing number of diabetics, establishing alternative therapies has become a crucial research goal. Most current efforts therefore aim at generating fully functional insulin-secreting β-like cells using multiple approaches. In this review, we screened the literature published since 2011 and inventoried the selected markers used to characterize insulin-secreting cells generated by in vitro differentiation of stem/precursor cells or by means of in vivo transdifferentiation. By listing these features, we noted important discrepancies when comparing the different approaches for the initial characterization of insulin-producing cells as true β-cells. Considering the recent advances achieved in this field of research, the necessity to establish strict guidelines has become a subject of crucial importance, especially should one contemplate the next step, which is the transplantation of in vitro or ex vivo generated insulin-secreting cells in type 1 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhira Vieira
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Noémie Druelle
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Fabio Avolio
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Tiziana Napolitano
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Sergi Navarro-Sanz
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Serena Silvano
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
| | - Patrick Collombat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, iBV, Université Côte d'AzurNice, France
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