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Kenney RT, Cini JK, Dexter S, DaFonseca M, Bingham J, Kuan I, Chawla SP, Polasek TM, Lickliter J, Ryan PJ. A phase I trial of SON-1010, a tumor-targeted, interleukin-12-linked, albumin-binding cytokine, shows favorable pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety in healthy volunteers. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362775. [PMID: 38487528 PMCID: PMC10937388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The benefits of recombinant interleukin-12 (rIL-12) as a multifunctional cytokine and potential immunotherapy for cancer have been sought for decades based on its efficacy in multiple mouse models. Unexpected toxicity in the first phase 2 study required careful attention to revised dosing strategies. Despite some signs of efficacy since then, most rIL-12 clinical trials have encountered hurdles such as short terminal elimination half-life (T½), limited tumor microenvironment targeting, and substantial systemic toxicity. We developed a strategy to extend the rIL-12 T½ that depends on binding albumin in vivo to target tumor tissue, using single-chain rIL-12 linked to a fully human albumin binding (FHAB) domain (SON-1010). After initiating a dose-escalation trial in patients with cancer (SB101), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-ascending dose (SAD) phase 1 trial in healthy volunteers (SB102) was conducted. Methods SB102 (NCT05408572) focused on safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) endpoints. SON-1010 at 50-300 ng/kg or placebo administered subcutaneously on day 1 was studied at a ratio of 6:2, starting with two sentinels; participants were followed through day 29. Safety was reviewed after day 22, before enrolling the next cohort. A non-compartmental analysis of PK was performed and correlations with the PD results were explored, along with a comparison of the SON-1010 PK profile in SB101. Results Participants receiving SON-1010 at 100 ng/kg or higher tolerated the injection but generally experienced more treatment-emergent adverse effects (TEAEs) than those receiving the lowest dose. All TEAEs were transient and no other dose relationship was noted. As expected with rIL-12, initial decreases in neutrophils and lymphocytes returned to baseline by days 9-11. PK analysis showed two-compartment elimination in SB102 with mean T½ of 104 h, compared with one-compartment elimination in SB101, which correlated with prolonged but controlled and dose-related increases in interferon-gamma (IFNγ). There was no evidence of cytokine release syndrome based on minimal participant symptoms and responses observed with other cytokines. Conclusion SON-1010, a novel presentation for rIL-12, was safe and well-tolerated in healthy volunteers up to 300 ng/kg. Its extended half-life leads to a prolonged but controlled IFNγ response, which may be important for tumor control in patients. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05408572, identifier NCT05408572.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John K. Cini
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, Inc, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Susan Dexter
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, Inc, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sant P. Chawla
- Sarcoma Oncology Center, Santa Monica, CA, United States
| | - Thomas M. Polasek
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- InClin, Inc, San Mateo, CA, United States
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Kronenberg M, Engel I. NKT cells in the antitumor response: the β version? J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e177663. [PMID: 38357925 PMCID: PMC10866647 DOI: 10.1172/jci177663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
NKT cells recognize glycolipids presented by CD1d-expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and include type I NKT cells with antitumor function and type II NKT cells, which have been reported to suppress the antitumor response. Some type II NKT cells recognize sulfatide, a glycosphingolipid with a sulfate modification of the sugar. Type I NKT cells recognize different glycosphingolipids. In this issue of the JCI, Nishio and colleagues showed that APCs could process sulfatide antigens, analogous to protein processing for peptide-reactive T cells. Antigen processing in lysosomes removed sulfate to generate a glycosphingolipid that stimulated type I NKT cells and thereby turned an antigen with no antitumor activity into one that not only stimulated type I NKT cells but also stimulated antitumor responses. These findings may extend to the development of glycolipid antigens that could stimulate anticancer responses via antigen processing by APCs.
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Peng Y, Qiao S, Wang H, Shekhar S, Wang S, Yang J, Fan Y, Yang X. Enhancement of Macrophage Immunity against Chlamydial Infection by Natural Killer T Cells. Cells 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38247825 PMCID: PMC10813948 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophage (LM) is vital in host defence against bacterial infections. However, the influence of other innate immune cells on its function, including the polarisation of different subpopulations, remains poorly understood. This study examined the polarisation of LM subpopulations (monocytes/undifferentiated macrophages (Mo/Mφ), interstitial macrophages (IM), and alveolar macrophages (AM)). We further assessed the effect of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) on LM polarisation in a protective function against Chlamydia muridarum, an obligate intracellular bacterium, and respiratory tract infection. We found a preferentially increased local Mo/Mφ and IMs with a significant shift to a type-1 macrophage (M1) phenotype and higher expression of iNOS and TNF-α. Interestingly, during the same infection, the alteration of macrophage subpopulations and the shift towards M1 was much less in iNKT KO mice. More importantly, functional testing by adoptively transferring LMs isolated from iNKT KO mice (iNKT KO-Mφ) conferred less protection than those isolated from wild-type mice (WT-Mφ). Further analyses showed significantly reduced gene expression of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway molecules in iNKT KO-Mφ. The data show an important role of iNKT in promoting LM polarisation to the M1 direction, which is functionally relevant to host defence against a human intracellular bacterial infection. The alteration of JAK/STAT signalling molecule gene expression in iNKT KO-Mφ suggests the modulating effect of iNKT is likely through the JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sai Qiao
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Sudhanshu Shekhar
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Shuhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Yijun Fan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, Rady Max College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
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Heuser-Loy C, Baumgart AK, Hackstein CP, Courrèges CJF, Philipp MS, Thaiss CA, Holland T, Evaristo C, Garbi N, Kurts C. Conditional NKT Cell Depletion in Mice Reveals a Negative Feedback Loop That Regulates CTL Cross-Priming. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:35-42. [PMID: 38019126 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
NKT cells are unconventional T cells whose biological role is incompletely understood. Similar to TH cells, activated NKT cells can cause dendritic cell (DC) maturation, which is required for effective CTL responses. However, it is unclear whether and how NKT cells affect CTLs downstream of the DC maturation phase. This is partially due to the lack of techniques to conditionally deplete NKT cells in vivo. To overcome this problem, we have developed two approaches for this purpose in mice: the first is based on mixed bone marrow chimeras where Jα18 knockout and depletable CD90 congenic bone marrow is combined, and the second used PLZFCre × iDTR bone marrow chimeras, which target innate-like T cells. Using these tools, we found that NKT cell depletion at 20 h, that is, after initial DC activation, did not render CTLs helpless, as CD40L signaling by non-NKT cells sufficed. Instead, NKT cell depletion even augmented CD8 T cell expansion and cytotoxicity by mechanisms distinct from reduced STAT6 signaling. These findings revealed a negative feedback loop by which NKT cells control CTL cross-priming downstream of DC maturation. The techniques described in this study expand the toolbox to study NKT cells and other unconventional T cell subsets in vivo and uncovered a hidden immunoregulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Heuser-Loy
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Baumgart
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carl-Philipp Hackstein
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina J F Courrèges
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marie-Sophie Philipp
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tristan Holland
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - César Evaristo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University, Bonn, Germany
- The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Han SM, Park ES, Park J, Nahmgoong H, Choi YH, Oh J, Yim KM, Lee WT, Lee YK, Jeon YG, Shin KC, Huh JY, Choi SH, Park J, Kim JK, Kim JB. Unique adipose tissue invariant natural killer T cell subpopulations control adipocyte turnover in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8512. [PMID: 38129377 PMCID: PMC10739728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a crucial cell type for adipose tissue homeostasis in obese animals. However, heterogeneity of adipose iNKT cells and their function in adipocyte turnover are not thoroughly understood. Here, we investigate transcriptional heterogeneity in adipose iNKT cells and their hierarchy using single-cell RNA sequencing in lean and obese mice. We report that distinct subpopulations of adipose iNKT cells modulate adipose tissue homeostasis through adipocyte death and birth. We identify KLRG1+ iNKT cells as a unique iNKT cell subpopulation in adipose tissue. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that KLRG1+ iNKT cells are selectively generated within adipose tissue microenvironment and differentiate into a CX3CR1+ cytotoxic subpopulation in obese mice. In addition, CX3CR1+ iNKT cells specifically kill enlarged and inflamed adipocytes and recruit macrophages through CCL5. Furthermore, adipose iNKT17 cells have the potential to secrete AREG, and AREG is involved in stimulating adipose stem cell proliferation. Collectively, our data suggest that each adipose iNKT cell subpopulation plays key roles in the control of adipocyte turnover via interaction with adipocytes, adipose stem cells, and macrophages in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mun Han
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seo Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeu Park
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahn Nahmgoong
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Yim
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Taek Lee
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Geun Jeon
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheul Shin
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Huh
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- National Leading Researcher Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Amable L, Ferreira Martins LA, Pierre R, Do Cruseiro M, Chabab G, Sergé A, Kergaravat C, Delord M, Viret C, Jaubert J, Liu C, Karray S, Marie JC, Irla M, Georgiev H, Clave E, Toubert A, Lucas B, Klibi J, Benlagha K. Intrinsic factors and CD1d1 but not CD1d2 expression levels control invariant natural killer T cell subset differentiation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7922. [PMID: 38040679 PMCID: PMC10692182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (NKT) cell subsets are defined based on their cytokine-production profiles and transcription factors. Their distribution is different in C57BL/6 (B6) and BALB/c mice, with a bias for NKT1 and NKT2/NKT17 subsets, respectively. Here, we show that the non-classical class I-like major histocompatibility complex CD1 molecules CD1d2, expressed in BALB/c and not in B6 mice, could not account for this difference. We find however that NKT cell subset distribution is intrinsic to bone marrow derived NKT cells, regardless of syngeneic CD1d-ligand recognition, and that multiple intrinsic factors are likely involved. Finally, we find that CD1d expression levels in combination with T cell antigen receptor signal strength could also influence NKT cell distribution and function. Overall, this study indicates that CD1d-mediated TCR signals and other intrinsic signals integrate to influence strain-specific NKT cell differentiation programs and subset distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Amable
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France
| | | | - Remi Pierre
- Plateforme de recombinaison homologue et de cryoconservation (PRHTEC), Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marcio Do Cruseiro
- Plateforme de recombinaison homologue et de cryoconservation (PRHTEC), Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ghita Chabab
- Tumor Escape Resistance and Immunity department, Cancer Research Center of Lyon INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Arnauld Sergé
- Laboratoire Adhésion Inflammation (LAI), CNRS, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Kergaravat
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Viret
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Jaubert
- Mouse Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Saoussen Karray
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Julien C Marie
- Tumor Escape Resistance and Immunity department, Cancer Research Center of Lyon INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Irla
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), CNRS, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Hristo Georgiev
- Institute of immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jihene Klibi
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Benlagha
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis (IRSL), EMiLy, Paris, France.
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Gonzatti MB, Freire BM, Antunes MM, de Menezes GB, Talbot J, Peron JPS, Basso AS, Keller AC. Targeting adrenergic receptors to mitigate invariant natural killer T cells-induced acute liver injury. iScience 2023; 26:107947. [PMID: 37841583 PMCID: PMC10568435 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cell activation by α-galactosylceramide (αGC) potentiates cytotoxic immune responses against tumors. However, αGC-induced liver injury is a limiting factor for iNKT-based immunotherapy. Although adrenergic receptor stimulation is an important immunosuppressive signal that curbs tissue damage induced by inflammation, its effect on the antitumor activity of invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells remains unclear. We use mouse models and pharmacological tools to show that the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) inhibits αGC-induced liver injury without impairing iNKT cells' antitumoral functions. Mechanistically, SNS stimulation prevents the collateral effect of TNF-α production by iNKT cells and neutrophil accumulation in hepatic parenchyma. Our results suggest that the modulation of the adrenergic signaling can be a complementary approach to αGC-based immunotherapy to mitigate iNKT-induced liver injury without compromising its antitumoral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Bauwelz Gonzatti
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862, 4th floor, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Marton Freire
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862, 4th floor, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Maísa Mota Antunes
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Minas Gerais 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista de Menezes
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Minas Gerais 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Jhimmy Talbot
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron
- Department of Immunology-ICB IV, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Salgado Basso
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862, 4th floor, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Castro Keller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP/EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862, 4th floor, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
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9
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Correa-Lara MVM, Lara-Vega I, Nájera-Martínez M, Domínguez-López ML, Reyes-Maldonado E, Vega-López A. Tumor-Infiltrating iNKT Cells Activated through c-Kit/Sca-1 Are Induced by Pentoxifylline, Norcantharidin, and Their Mixtures for Killing Murine Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1472. [PMID: 37895943 PMCID: PMC10610189 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of NK and other cytotoxic cells is considered the first defense line against cancer. However, a significant lack of information prevails on the possible roles played by factors considered characteristic of primitive cells, such as c-kit and Sca-1, in activating these cells, particularly in melanoma models subjected to treatments with substances under investigation, such as the case of norcantharidin. In this study, B16F1 murine melanoma cells were used to induce tumors in DBA/2 mice, estimating the proportions of NK and iNKT cells; the presence of activation (CD107a+) and primitive/activation (c-kit+/Lya6A+) markers and some tumor parameters, such as the presence of mitotic bodies, nuclear factor area, NK and iNKT cell infiltration in the tumor, infiltrated tumor area, and infiltrating lymphocyte count at 10x and 40x in specimens treated with pentoxifylline, norcantharidin, and the combination of both drugs. Possible correlations were estimated with Pearson's correlation analysis. It should be noted that, despite having demonstrated multiple correlations, immaturity/activation markers were related to these cells' activation. At the tumor site, iNKT cells are the ones that exert the cytotoxic potential on tumor cells, but they are confined to specific sites in the tumor. Due to the higher number of interactions of natural killer cells with tumor cells, it is concluded that the most effective treatment was PTX at 60 mg/kg + NCTD at 0.75 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano V. M. Correa-Lara
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - Israel Lara-Vega
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - Minerva Nájera-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
| | - María Lilia Domínguez-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica I, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City CP 11340, Mexico
| | - Elba Reyes-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Hemopatología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City CP 11340, Mexico
| | - Armando Vega-López
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City CP 07738, Mexico (M.N.-M.)
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10
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Lattanzi G, Strati F, Díaz-Basabe A, Perillo F, Amoroso C, Protti G, Rita Giuffrè M, Iachini L, Baeri A, Baldari L, Cassinotti E, Ghidini M, Galassi B, Lopez G, Noviello D, Porretti L, Trombetta E, Messuti E, Mazzarella L, Iezzi G, Nicassio F, Granucci F, Vecchi M, Caprioli F, Facciotti F. iNKT cell-neutrophil crosstalk promotes colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:326-340. [PMID: 37004750 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
iNKT cells account for a relevant fraction of effector T-cells in the intestine and are considered an attractive platform for cancer immunotherapy. Although iNKT cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, their functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still controversial, limiting their therapeutic use. Thus, we examined the immune cell composition and iNKT cell phenotype of CRC lesions in patients (n = 118) and different murine models. High-dimensional single-cell flow-cytometry, metagenomics, and RNA sequencing experiments revealed that iNKT cells are enriched in tumor lesions. The tumor-associated pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum induces IL-17 and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in iNKT cells without affecting their cytotoxic capability but promoting iNKT-mediated recruitment of neutrophils with polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells-like phenotype and functions. The lack of iNKT cells reduced the tumor burden and recruitment of immune suppressive neutrophils. iNKT cells in-vivo activation with α-galactosylceramide restored their anti-tumor function, suggesting that iNKT cells can be modulated to overcome CRC-associated immune evasion. Tumor co-infiltration by iNKT cells and neutrophils correlates with negative clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of iNKT cells in the pathophysiology of CRC. Our results reveal a functional plasticity of iNKT cells in CRC, suggesting a pivotal role of iNKT cells in shaping the tumor microenvironment, with relevant implications for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Lattanzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Strati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Angélica Díaz-Basabe
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Perillo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Amoroso
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Protti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Giuffrè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Iachini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Baeri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Baldari
- General and Emergency Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Cassinotti
- General and Emergency Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Galassi
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Noviello
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Porretti
- Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Messuti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzarella
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giandomenica Iezzi
- Department of Visceral Surgery, EOC Translational Research Laboratory, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Granucci
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Aoki T, Motohashi S, Koseki H. Regeneration of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells: application of iPSC technology for iNKT cell-targeted tumor immunotherapy. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:27. [PMID: 37170375 PMCID: PMC10176773 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of innate-like T cells restricted by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-like molecule, CD1d. iNKT cells express an invariant T cell receptor (TCR) encoded by Vα14 Jα18 in mice and Vα24 Jα18 in humans and are activated by recognizing glycolipid antigens, such as α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), presented by CD1d. iNKT cells exhibit anti-tumor activity via their NK-like cytotoxicity and adjuvant activity. Although iNKT cell-targeted immunotherapy is a conceptually promising approach, we still found a technical hurdle for its clinical implementation which is mainly due to the low frequency of iNKT cells, particularly in humans. To compensate for this, we proposed to generate adequate numbers of clinically competent NKT cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for cancer immunotherapy. Toward this goal, we first obtained the proof of concept (POC) for this approach in mice. We developed a technology to differentiate iPSCs into iNKT cells (iPSC-iNKT cells) and found iPSC-iNKT cells efficiently rejected a syngeneic experimental thymoma by inducing antigen-specific CD8 T cells. After achieving the POC in mice, we developed human iPSC-iNKT cells, which had a high correlation in their gene expression profiles with parental iNKT cells. Human iPSC-iNKT cells also exhibited anti-tumor activity and adjuvant activity for human NK cells in vivo. Based on this supporting evidence for the anti-tumor activity of human iPSC-iNKT cells, we began to generate good manufacturing practice (GMP)-grade iPSC-iNKT cells. As of now, the first-in-human clinical trial of iPSC-iNKT cell therapy is ongoing as a single-agent, dose-escalation study for patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Demonstration of the safety of iPSC-iNKT cell therapy may allow us to improve the strategy by further reinforcing the therapeutic activity of iPSC-iNKT, cells either by gene-editing or combinatorial use with other immune cell products such as dendritic cells. Sixteen years after the establishment of the iPSC technology, we are reaching the first checkpoint to evaluate the clinical efficacy of iPSC-derived immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Aoki
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Koseki
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Robin A, Mackowiak C, Bost R, Dujardin F, Barbarin A, Thierry A, Hauet T, Pellerin L, Gombert JM, Salamé E, Herbelin A, Barbier L. Early activation and recruitment of invariant natural killer T cells during liver ischemia-reperfusion: the major role of the alarmin interleukin-33. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099529. [PMID: 37228593 PMCID: PMC10203422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past thirty years, the complexity of the αβ-T cell compartment has been enriched by the identification of innate-like T cells (ITCs), which are composed mainly of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Based on animal studies using ischemia-reperfusion (IR) models, a key role has been attributed to iNKT cells in close connection with the alarmin/cytokine interleukin (IL)-33, as early sensors of cell-stress in the initiation of acute sterile inflammation. Here we have investigated whether the new concept of a biological axis of circulating iNKT cells and IL-33 applies to humans, and may be extended to other ITC subsets, namely MAIT and γδ-T cells, in the acute sterile inflammation sequence occurring during liver transplant (LT). From a prospective biological collection of recipients, we reported that LT was accompanied by an early and preferential activation of iNKT cells, as attested by almost 40% of cells having acquired the expression of CD69 at the end of LT (i.e. 1-3 hours after portal reperfusion), as opposed to only 3-4% of conventional T cells. Early activation of iNKT cells was positively correlated with the systemic release of the alarmin IL-33 at graft reperfusion. Moreover, in a mouse model of hepatic IR, iNKT cells were activated in the periphery (spleen), and recruited in the liver in WT mice, as early as the first hour after reperfusion, whereas this phenomenon was virtually missing in IL-33-deficient mice. Although to a lesser degree than iNKT cells, MAIT and γδ-T cells also seemed targeted during LT, as attested by 30% and 10% of them acquiring CD69 expression, respectively. Like iNKT cells, and in clear contrast to γδ-T cells, activation of MAIT cells during LT was closely associated with both release of IL-33 immediately after graft reperfusion and severity of liver dysfunction occurring during the first three post-operative days. All in all, this study identifies iNKT and MAIT cells in connection with IL-33 as new key cellular factors and mechanisms of acute sterile inflammation in humans. Further investigations are required to confirm the implication of MAIT and iNKT cell subsets, and to precisely assess their functions, in the clinical course of sterile inflammation accompanying LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Robin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Claire Mackowiak
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Romain Bost
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Fanny Dujardin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Trousseau, Pathology, Tours, France
| | - Alice Barbarin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Antoine Thierry
- Université de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Poitiers, Nephrology, Poitiers, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- Université de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Poitiers, Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Université de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Poitiers, Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- Université de Poitiers, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Poitiers, Immunology, Poitiers, France
| | - Ephrem Salamé
- Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Trousseau, Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Tours, France
| | - André Herbelin
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Louise Barbier
- Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Trousseau, Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ischemie Reperfusion Métabolisme et Inflammation Stérile en Transplantation (IRMETIST), Tours, France
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13
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Joyce S, Okoye GD, Driver JP. Die Kämpfe únd schláchten-the struggles and battles of innate-like effector T lymphocytes with microbes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117825. [PMID: 37168859 PMCID: PMC10165076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The large majority of lymphocytes belong to the adaptive immune system, which are made up of B2 B cells and the αβ T cells; these are the effectors in an adaptive immune response. A multitudinous group of lymphoid lineage cells does not fit the conventional lymphocyte paradigm; it is the unconventional lymphocytes. Unconventional lymphocytes-here called innate/innate-like lymphocytes, include those that express rearranged antigen receptor genes and those that do not. Even though the innate/innate-like lymphocytes express rearranged, adaptive antigen-specific receptors, they behave like innate immune cells, which allows them to integrate sensory signals from the innate immune system and relay that umwelt to downstream innate and adaptive effector responses. Here, we review natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells-two prototypic innate-like T lymphocytes, which sense their local environment and relay that umwelt to downstream innate and adaptive effector cells to actuate an appropriate host response that confers immunity to infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Joyce
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare Service, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, The Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation and Vanderbilt Center for Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Gosife Donald Okoye
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, The Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation and Vanderbilt Center for Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John P. Driver
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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14
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Look A, Burns D, Tews I, Roghanian A, Mansour S. Towards a better understanding of human iNKT cell subpopulations for improved clinical outcomes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176724. [PMID: 37153585 PMCID: PMC10154573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique T lymphocyte population expressing semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognise lipid antigens presented by CD1d. iNKT cells exhibit potent anti-tumour activity through direct killing mechanisms and indirectly through triggering the activation of other anti-tumour immune cells. Because of their ability to induce potent anti-tumour responses, particularly when activated by the strong iNKT agonist αGalCer, they have been the subject of intense research to harness iNKT cell-targeted immunotherapies for cancer treatment. However, despite potent anti-tumour efficacy in pre-clinical models, the translation of iNKT cell immunotherapy into human cancer patients has been less successful. This review provides an overview of iNKT cell biology and why they are of interest within the context of cancer immunology. We focus on the iNKT anti-tumour response, the seminal studies that first reported iNKT cytotoxicity, their anti-tumour mechanisms, and the various described subsets within the iNKT cell repertoire. Finally, we discuss several barriers to the successful utilisation of iNKT cells in human cancer immunotherapy, what is required for a better understanding of human iNKT cells, and the future perspectives facilitating their exploitation for improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Look
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Burns
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Tews
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Roghanian
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Salah Mansour
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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15
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Courtney AN, Tian G, Metelitsa LS. Natural killer T cells and other innate-like T lymphocytes as emerging platforms for allogeneic cancer cell therapy. Blood 2023; 141:869-876. [PMID: 36347021 PMCID: PMC10023720 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have achieved major clinical success in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, these treatments remain largely ineffective for solid cancers and require significant time and resources to be manufactured in an autologous setting. Developing alternative immune effector cells as cancer immunotherapy agents that can be employed in allogeneic settings is crucial for the advancement of cell therapy. Unlike T cells, Vα24-invariant natural killer T cells (NKTs) are not alloreactive and can therefore be generated from allogeneic donors for rapid infusion into numerous patients without the risk of graft-versus-host disease. Additionally, NKT cells demonstrate inherent advantages over T-cell products, including the ability to traffic to tumor tissues, target tumor-associated macrophages, transactivate NK cells, and cross-prime tumor-specific CD8 T cells. Both unmodified NKTs, which specifically recognize CD1d-bound glycolipid antigens expressed by certain types of tumors, and CAR-redirected NKTs are being developed as the next generation of allogeneic cell therapy products. In this review, we describe studies on the biology of NKTs and other types of innate-like T cells and summarize the clinical experiences of unmodified and CAR-redirected NKTs, including recent interim reports on allogeneic NKTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy N. Courtney
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Gengwen Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Leonid S. Metelitsa
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advanced Innate Cell Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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16
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Kong W, Li X, Zou M, Zhang Y, Cai H, Zhang L, Wang X. iNKT17 cells play a pathogenic role in ethinylestradiol-induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:561-580. [PMID: 36329302 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
IL-17 is closely associated with inflammation in intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC). Targeting IL-17 ameliorates IHC in mice. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are predominantly enriched in the liver and they mediate drug-induced liver injury through their secreted cytokines. However, whether iNKT17 cells are involved in ethinylestradiol (EE)-induced IHC remains unclear. In the present study, the administration of EE (10 mg/kg in vivo and 6.25 μM in vitro) promoted the activation and expansion of iNKT17 cells, which contributed to a novel hepatic iNKT17/Treg imbalance. iNKT cell-deficient Jα18-/- mice and the RORγt inhibitor digoxin (20 μg) alleviated EE-induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity and downregulated the IL-17 signalling pathway. In contrast, the co-administration of EE with recombinant IL-17 (1 μg) to Jα18-/- mice induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity and increased the infiltration of hepatic neutrophils and monocytes. Importantly, the administration of IL-17-/- iNKT cells (3.5 × 105) to Jα18-/- mice resulted in the attenuation of hepatotoxicity and the recruitment of fewer hepatic neutrophils and monocytes than the adoptive transfer of wild-type iNKT cells. These results indicated that iNKT17 cells could exert pathogenic effects. The recruitment and activation of iNKT17 cells could be attributed to the high level of CXCR3 expression on their surface. CXCL10 deficiency ameliorated EE-induced cholestatic liver damage, reduced hepatic CXCR3+ iNKT cells and inhibited RORγt expression. These findings suggest that iNKT17 cells play a key role in EE-induced cholestatic liver injury via CXCR3-mediated recruitment and activation. Our study provides new insights and therapeutic targets for cholestatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Kong
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mengzhi Zou
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Heng Cai
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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17
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Tissue-specific metabolic profile drives iNKT cell function during obesity and liver injury. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112035. [PMID: 36848232 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a distinct population of lymphocytes characterized by their reactivity to glycolipids presented by CD1d. iNKT cells are found throughout the body, and little is known about their tissue-specific metabolic regulation. Here, we show that splenic and hepatic iNKT cells are metabolically comparable and rely on glycolytic metabolism to support their activation. Deletion of the pyruvate kinase M2 (Pkm2) gene in splenic and hepatic iNKT cells impairs their response to specific stimulation and their ability to mitigate acute liver injury. In contrast, adipose tissue (AT) iNKT cells exhibit a distinctive immunometabolic profile, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) being necessary for their function. AMPK deficiency impairs AT-iNKT physiology, blocking their capacity to maintain AT homeostasis and their ability to regulate AT inflammation during obesity. Our work deepens our understanding on the tissue-specific immunometabolic regulation of iNKT cells, which directly impacts the course of liver injury and obesity-induced inflammation.
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18
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Kratzmeier C, Singh S, Asiedu EB, Webb TJ. Current Developments in the Preclinical and Clinical use of Natural Killer T cells. BioDrugs 2023; 37:57-71. [PMID: 36525216 PMCID: PMC9756707 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-022-00572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells play a pivotal role as a bridge between the innate and the adaptive immune response and are instrumental in the regulation of homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the potential for NKT cells to serve as biodrugs in viral infections and in cancer. NKT cells are being investigated for their use as a prognostic biomarker, an immune adjuvant, and as a form of cellular therapy. Historically, the clinical utility of NKT cells was hampered by their low frequency in the blood, discrepancies in nomenclature, and challenges with ex vivo expansion. However, recent advances in the field have permitted the development of several NKT cell-based preclinical and clinical strategies. These new developments pave the way for the successful implementation of NKT cell-based approaches for the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kratzmeier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, HSF I-Room 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sasha Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, HSF I-Room 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Emmanuel B Asiedu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, HSF I-Room 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tonya J Webb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, HSF I-Room 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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19
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Harnessing the Power of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells in Cancer Cell Therapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123160. [PMID: 36551916 PMCID: PMC9775134 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a burgeoning type of the innate-like T cells, play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis, particularly in host defense. Although many studies have implied the use of MAIT cells in tumor immunity, whether MAIT cells are pro-tumor or anti-tumor has remained elusive, as in the case for other innate-like T cells that possess dichotomous roles in tumor immunity. Although this difficulty persists where endogenous MAIT cells are the target for therapeutic intervention, the advent of induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived MAIT cells (reMAIT cells) will make it possible to harness these cells for immune cell therapy. In this review, we will discuss possible roles of MAIT cells in tumor immunity and the potential of reMAIT cells to treat tumors.
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20
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Role of NKT cells in cancer immunotherapy-from bench to bed. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:29. [PMID: 36460881 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a specific T cell subset known to express the αβ-T cell receptor (TCR) for antigens identification and express typical NK cell specifications, such as surface expression of CD56 and CD16 markers as well as production of granzyme. Human NKT cells are divided into two subgroups based on their cytokine receptor and TCR repertoire. Both of them are CD1-restricted and recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules. Studies have demonstrated that these cells are essential in defense against malignancies. These cells secret proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines that stimulate or suppress immune system responses. In several murine tumor models, activation of type I NKT cells induces tumor rejection and inhibits metastasis's spread. However, type II NKT cells are associated with an inhibitory and regulatory function during tumor immune responses. Variant NKT cells may suppress tumor immunity via different mechanisms that require cross-talk with other immune-regulatory cells. NKT-like cells display high tumor-killing abilities against many tumor cells. In the recent decade, different studies have been performed based on the application of NKT-based immunotherapy for cancer therapy. Moreover, manipulation of NKT cells through administering autologous dendritic cell (DC) loaded with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) and direct α-GalCer injection has also been tested. In this review, we described different subtypes of NKT cells, their function in the anti-tumor immune responses, and the application of NKT cells in cancer immunotherapy from bench to bed.
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21
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Varghese B, Lynch L, Vriend LE, Draganov D, Clark JM, Kissick HT, Varghese S, Sanda MG, Dranoff G, Arredouani MS, Balk SP, Exley MA. Invariant NKT cell-augmented GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine is effective in advanced prostate cancer model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2943-2955. [PMID: 35523889 PMCID: PMC10992623 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) express a semi-invariant T cell receptor that recognizes certain glycolipids (including α-galactosylceramide, αGC) bound to CD1d, and can induce potent antitumor responses. Here, we assessed whether αGC could enhance the efficacy of a GM-CSF-producing tumor cell vaccine in the transgenic SV40 T antigen-driven TRAMP prostate cancer model. In healthy mice, we initially found that optimal T cell responses were obtained with αGC-pulsed TRAMP-C2 cells secreting GM-CSF and milk fat globule epidermal growth factor protein-8 (MFG-E8) with an RGD to RGE mutation (GM-CSF/RGE TRAMP-C2), combined with systemic low dose IL-12. In a therapeutic model, transgenic TRAMP mice were then castrated at ~ 20 weeks, followed by treatment with the combination vaccine. Untreated mice succumbed to tumor by ~ 40 weeks, but survival was markedly prolonged by vaccine treatment, with most mice surviving past 80 weeks. Prostates in the treated mice were heavily infiltrated with T cells and iNKT cells, which both secreted IFNγ in response to tumor cells. The vaccine was not effective if the αGC, IL-12, or GM-CSF secretion was eliminated. Finally, immunized mice were fully resistant to challenge with TRAMP-C2 cells. Together these findings support further development of therapeutic vaccines that exploit iNKT cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Varghese
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Sana Biotechnology Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lydia Lynch
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., NRB 6, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lianne E Vriend
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dobrin Draganov
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Sanofi Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Justice M Clark
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Haydn T Kissick
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sharlin Varghese
- Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Martin G Sanda
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Glenn Dranoff
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Biomedical Institutes of Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Simo Arredouani
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Intellia Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven P Balk
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mark A Exley
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., NRB 6, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Imvax Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- MiNK Therapeutics Inc., New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Ikeda M, Ide T, Matsushima S, Ikeda S, Okabe K, Ishikita A, Tadokoro T, Sada M, Abe K, Sato M, Hanada A, Arai S, Ohtani K, Nonami A, Mizuno S, Morimoto S, Motohashi S, Akashi K, Taniguchi M, Tsutsui H. Immunomodulatory Cell Therapy Using αGalCer-Pulsed Dendritic Cells Ameliorates Heart Failure in a Murine Dilated Cardiomyopathy Model. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e009366. [PMID: 36268712 PMCID: PMC9760469 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.009366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a life-threatening disease, resulting in refractory heart failure. An immune disorder underlies the pathophysiology associated with heart failure progression. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell activation is a prospective therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease. However, its efficacy in nonischemic cardiomyopathy, such as DCM, remains to be elucidated, and the feasible modality for iNKT cell activation in humans is yet to be validated. METHODS Dendritic cells isolated from human volunteers were pulsed with α-galactosylceramide ex vivo, which were used as α-galactosylceramide-pulsed dendritic cells (αGCDCs). We treated DCM mice harboring mutated troponin TΔK210/ΔK210 with αGCDCs and evaluated the efficacy of iNKT cell activation on heart failure in DCM mice. Furthermore, we investigated the molecular basis underlying its therapeutic effects in these mice and analyzed primary cardiac cells under iNKT cell-secreted cytokines. RESULTS The number of iNKT cells in the spleens of DCM mice was reduced compared with that in wild-type mice, whereas αGCDC treatment activated iNKT cells, prolonged survival of DCM mice, and prevented decline in the left ventricular ejection fraction for 4 weeks, accompanied by suppressed interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, αGCDC treatment suppressed TGF (transforming growth factor)-β signaling and expression of fibrotic genes and restored vasculature that was impaired in DCM hearts by upregulating angiopoietin 1 (Angpt1) expression. Consistently, IFNγ (interferon gamma) suppressed TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 signaling and the expression of fibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts and upregulated Angpt1 expression in cardiomyocytes via Stat1. CONCLUSIONS Immunomodulatory cell therapy with αGCDCs is a novel therapeutic strategy for heart failure in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Immunoregulatory Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Immunoregulatory Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shouji Matsushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ikeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tadokoro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ko Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Midori Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Hanada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinobu Arai
- Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (S.A.)
| | - Kisho Ohtani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nonami
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Shinichi Mizuno
- Department of Health Sciences (S. Mizuno), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan (S. Morimoto)
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan (S. Motohashi)
| | - Koichi Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science (K. Akashi), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Taniguchi
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan (M.T.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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23
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NKT cells adopt a glutamine-addicted phenotype to regulate their homeostasis and function. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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24
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Sirajuddin N, Yin XT, Stuart PM. Role of NK T cells in transplantation with particular emphasis on corneal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2022; 75:101727. [PMID: 36183944 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) are a unique subset of the immune system that possess characteristics of both an innate and adaptive immune response. This study reviews the reported roles of NKT cells in different solid transplantations such as cardiac, skin, liver, and corneal grafts as well as investigates a novel role of NKT cells in steroid-resistant corneal rejections. It is unknown why there is late corneal graft rejection despite being treated with immunosuppression. Our experimental data suggests NKT cells are playing a crucial part in steroid-resistant late graft rejections. While the pathophysiology of acute rejection is better understood, the process of chronic graft rejection is much less clear. Our data suggests NKT cells as a potential therapeutic target to prevent chronic transplant rejection which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sirajuddin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiao-Tang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick M Stuart
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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25
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Wu Y, Biswas D, Swanton C. Impact of cancer evolution on immune surveillance and checkpoint inhibitor response. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 84:89-102. [PMID: 33631295 PMCID: PMC9253787 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intratumour heterogeneity (ITH) is pervasive across all cancers studied and may provide the evolving tumour multiple routes to escape immune surveillance. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are rapidly becoming standard of care for many cancers. Here, we discuss recent work investigating the influence of ITH on patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy. At its simplest, ITH may confound the diagnostic accuracy of predictive biomarkers used to stratify patients for CPI therapy. Furthermore, ITH is fuelled by mechanisms of genetic instability that can both engage immune surveillance and drive immune evasion. A greater appreciation of the interplay between ITH and the immune system may hold the key to increasing the proportion of patients experiencing durable responses from CPI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wu
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, WC1E 6DD, UK; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Dhruva Biswas
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, WC1E 6DD, UK; Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
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26
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Delfanti G, Cortesi F, Perini A, Antonini G, Azzimonti L, de Lalla C, Garavaglia C, Squadrito ML, Fedeli M, Consonni M, Sesana S, Re F, Shen H, Dellabona P, Casorati G. TCR-engineered iNKT cells induce robust antitumor response by dual targeting cancer and suppressive myeloid cells. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn6563. [PMID: 35984893 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn6563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy with T cells engineered with tumor-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) holds promise for cancer treatment. However, suppressive cues generated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can hinder the efficacy of these therapies, prompting the search for strategies to overcome these detrimental conditions and improve cellular therapeutic approaches. CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells actively participate in tumor immunosurveillance by restricting suppressive myeloid populations in the TME. Here, we showed that harnessing iNKT cells with a second TCR specific for a tumor-associated peptide generated bispecific effectors for CD1d- and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted antigens in vitro. Upon in vivo transfer, TCR-engineered iNKT (TCR-iNKT) cells showed the highest efficacy in restraining the progression of multiple tumors that expressed the cognate antigen compared with nontransduced iNKT cells or CD8+ T cells engineered with the same TCR. TCR-iNKT cells achieved robust cancer control by simultaneously modulating intratumoral suppressive myeloid populations and killing malignant cells. This dual antitumor function was further enhanced when the iNKT cell agonist α-galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer) was administered as a therapeutic booster through a platform that ensured controlled delivery at the tumor site, named multistage vector (MSV). These preclinical results support the combination of tumor-redirected TCR-iNKT cells and local α-GalCer boosting as a potential therapy for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Delfanti
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Filippo Cortesi
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandra Perini
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Gaia Antonini
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | | | - Claudia de Lalla
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Claudio Garavaglia
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Mario L Squadrito
- Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Maya Fedeli
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Michela Consonni
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Silvia Sesana
- BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- BioNanoMedicine Center NANOMIB, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Monza, Italy
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
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27
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Cao L, Morgun E, Genardi S, Visvabharathy L, Cui Y, Huang H, Wang CR. METTL14-dependent m 6A modification controls iNKT cell development and function. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111156. [PMID: 35926466 PMCID: PMC9495716 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most common form of RNA modification, controls CD4+ T cell homeostasis by targeting the IL-7/STAT5/SOCS signaling pathways. The role of m6A modification in unconventional T cell development remains unknown. Using mice with T cell-specific deletion of RNA methyltransferase METTL14 (T-Mettl14−/−), we demonstrate that m6A modification is indispensable for iNKT cell homeostasis. Loss of METTL14-dependent m6A modification leads to the upregulation of apoptosis in double-positive thymocytes, which in turn decreases Vα14-Jα18 gene rearrangements, resulting in drastic reduction of iNKT numbers in the thymus and periphery. Residual T-Mettl14−/− iNKT cells exhibit increased apoptosis, impaired maturation, and decreased responsiveness to IL-2/IL-15 and TCR stimulation. Furthermore, METTL14 knockdown in mature iNKT cells diminishes their cytokine production, correlating with increased Cish expression and decreased TCR signaling. Collectively, our study highlights a critical role for METTL14-dependent-m6A modification in iNKT cell development and function. Cao et al. show that T cell-specific deletion of METTL14, a component of RNA m6A writer complex, leads to severe defects in iNKT cell development, survival, and function. Mechanistically, METTL14-dependent m6A modification controls iNKT cell development in a cell-intrinsic manner by regulating the apoptosis pathway and TCR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eva Morgun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Samantha Genardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lavanya Visvabharathy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yongyong Cui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Haochu Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chyung-Ru Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 3-401, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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28
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Hägglöf T, Vanz C, Kumagai A, Dudley E, Ortega V, Siller M, Parthasarathy R, Keegan J, Koenigs A, Shute T, Leadbetter EA. T-bet + B cells accumulate in adipose tissue and exacerbate metabolic disorder during obesity. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1121-1136.e6. [PMID: 35868310 PMCID: PMC9357106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is accompanied by inflammation in adipose tissue, impaired glucose tolerance, and changes in adipose leukocyte populations. These studies of adipose tissue from humans and mice revealed that increased frequencies of T-bet+ B cells in adipose tissue depend on invariant NKT cells and correlate with weight gain during obesity. Transfer of B cells enriched for T-bet+ cells exacerbates metabolic disorder in obesity, while ablation of Tbx21 specifically in B cells reduces serum IgG2c levels, inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue, ameliorating metabolic symptoms. Furthermore, transfer of serum or purified IgG from HFD mice restores metabolic disease in T-bet+ B cell-deficient mice, confirming T-bet+ B cell-derived IgG as a key mediator of inflammation during obesity. Together, these findings reveal an important pathological role for T-bet+ B cells that should inform future immunotherapy design in type 2 diabetes and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hägglöf
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Carlo Vanz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Abigail Kumagai
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elizabeth Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Vanessa Ortega
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - McKenzie Siller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Raksha Parthasarathy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Josh Keegan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Abigail Koenigs
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Travis Shute
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Leadbetter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Zhang H, Zhu Z, Modrak S, Little A. Tissue-Resident Memory CD4 + T Cells Play a Dominant Role in the Initiation of Antitumor Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2837-2846. [PMID: 35589124 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunology has been studied extensively. Tumor immunology-based cancer immunotherapy has become one of the most promising approaches for cancer treatment. However, one of the fundamental aspects of tumor immunology-the initiation of antitumor immunity-is not fully understood. Compared to that of CD8+ T cells, the effect of CD4+ T cells on antitumor immunity has not been fully appreciated. Using a gene knockout mouse model, the mice of which are deficient in the TCRα repertoire, specifically lacking invariant NKT and mucosal-associated invariant T cells, we found that the deficiency in TCRα repertoire diversity did not affect the antitumor immunity, at least to B16BL6 melanoma and EO771 breast cancer. However, after acquiring thymocytes or splenocytes from wild-type mice, these knockout mice exhibited greatly enhanced and long-lasting antitumor immunity. This enhanced antitumor immunity depended on CD4+ T cells, especially CD4+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, but not invariant NKT or CD8+ T cells. We also present evidence that CD4+ TRM cells initiate antitumor immunity through IFN-γ, and the process is dependent on NK cells. The CD4+ TRM/NK axis appears to control tumor formation and development by eliminating tumor cells and modulating the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, our results demonstrated that CD4+ TRM cells play a dominant role in the initiation of antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Samantha Modrak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Alex Little
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
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30
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Delfanti G, Dellabona P, Casorati G, Fedeli M. Adoptive Immunotherapy With Engineered iNKT Cells to Target Cancer Cells and the Suppressive Microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:897750. [PMID: 35615083 PMCID: PMC9125179 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.897750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are T lymphocytes expressing a conserved semi-invariant TCR specific for lipid antigens (Ags) restricted for the monomorphic MHC class I-related molecule CD1d. iNKT cells infiltrate mouse and human tumors and play an important role in the immune surveillance against solid and hematological malignancies. Because of unique functional features, they are attractive platforms for adoptive cells immunotherapy of cancer compared to conventional T cells. iNKT cells can directly kill CD1d-expressing cancer cells, but also restrict immunosuppressive myelomonocytic populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) via CD1d-cognate recognition, promoting anti-tumor responses irrespective of the CD1d expression by cancer cells. Moreover, iNKT cells can be adoptively transferred across MHC barriers without risk of alloreaction because CD1d molecules are identical in all individuals, in addition to their ability to suppress graft vs. host disease (GvHD) without impairing the anti-tumor responses. Within this functional framework, iNKT cells are successfully engineered to acquire a second antigen-specificity by expressing recombinant TCRs or Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) specific for tumor-associated antigens, enabling the direct targeting of antigen-expressing cancer cells, while maintaining their CD1d-dependent functions. These new evidences support the exploitation of iNKT cells for donor unrestricted, and possibly off the shelf, adoptive cell therapies enabling the concurrent targeting of cancer cells and suppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Delfanti
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gloria Delfanti
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Giulia Casorati
| | - Maya Fedeli
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Maya Fedeli
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31
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Carroll HK, Duffy AG, O'Farrelly C. Liver Immunology, Immunotherapy, and Liver Cancers: Time for a Rethink? Semin Liver Dis 2022; 42:212-224. [PMID: 35263795 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The complex immune system of the liver has a major role in tumor surveillance, but also partly explains why current immune therapies are poorly effective against liver cancers. Known primarily for its tolerogenic capacity, the hepatic immune repertoire also comprises diverse populations of armored immune cells with tumor surveillant roles. In healthy people, these work together to successfully identify malignant cells and prevent their proliferation, thus halting tumor formation. When frontline hepatic immune surveillance systems fail, compromised hepatic immunity, driven by obesity, infection, or other pathological factors, allows primary or secondary liver cancers to develop. Tumor growth promotes the normal tolerogenic immunological milieu of the liver, perhaps explaining why current immunotherapies fail to work. This review explores the complex local liver immune system with the hope of identifying potential therapeutic targets needed to best overcome immunological barriers in the liver to create an environment no longer hostile to immunotherapy for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey K Carroll
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Mater Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Austin G Duffy
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Mater Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cliona O'Farrelly
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Velikkakam T, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO. Double-negative T cells: Setting the stage for disease control or progression. Immunology 2022; 165:371-385. [PMID: 34939192 PMCID: PMC10626195 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-negative (DN) T cells are present at relatively low frequencies in human peripheral blood, and are characterized as expressing the alpha-beta or gamma-delta T-cell receptor (TCR), but not the CD4 nor the CD8 co-receptors. Despite their low frequencies, these cells are potent producers of cytokines and, thus, are key orchestrators of immune responses. DN T cells were initially associated with induction of peripheral immunological tolerance and immunomodulatory activities related to disease prevention. However, other studies demonstrated that these cells can also display effector functions associated with pathology development. This apparent contradiction highlighted the heterogeneity of the DN T-cell population. Here, we review phenotypic and functional characteristics of DN T cells, emphasizing their role in human diseases. The need for developing biomarkers to facilitate the translation of studies from animal models to humans will also be discussed. Finally, we will examine DN T cells as promising therapeutic targets to prevent or inhibit human disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresiama Velikkakam
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J. Gollob
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einsten, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais – INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Walderez Ornelas Dutra
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais – INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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33
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Acute air pollution exposure increases TETs in human PBMCs. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:477-488.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Olesch C, Brunn D, Aktay-Cetin Ö, Sirait-Fischer E, Pullamsetti SS, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Brüne B, Weigert A, Savai R. Picturing of the Lung Tumor Cellular Composition by Multispectral Flow Cytometry. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827719. [PMID: 35145525 PMCID: PMC8821098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer, resulting from the crosstalk between cancer cells and microenvironmental cells. Therefore, comprehensive identification and characterization of cell populations in the complex lung structure is crucial for development of novel targeted anti-cancer therapies. Here, a hierarchical clustering approach with multispectral flow cytometry was established to delineate the cellular landscape of murine lungs under steady-state and cancer conditions. Fluorochromes were used multiple times to be able to measure 24 cell surface markers with only 13 detectors, yielding a broad picture for whole-lung phenotyping. Primary and metastatic murine lung tumor models were included to detect major cell populations in the lung, and to identify alterations to the distribution patterns in these models. In the primary tumor models, major altered populations included CD324+ epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and blood and lymph endothelial cells. The number of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes (Ly6C+ and Ly6C–) and neutrophils were elevated in metastatic models of lung cancer. Thus, the proposed clustering approach is a promising method to resolve cell populations from complex organs in detail even with basic flow cytometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Olesch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Brunn
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Öznur Aktay-Cetin
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Andreas Weigert, ; Rajkumar Savai, ;
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Giessen, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- *Correspondence: Andreas Weigert, ; Rajkumar Savai, ;
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35
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Maiorino L, Daßler-Plenker J, Sun L, Egeblad M. Innate Immunity and Cancer Pathophysiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 17:425-457. [PMID: 34788549 PMCID: PMC9012188 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-032221-115501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation increases the risk of several cancers, including gastric, colon, and hepatic cancers. Conversely, tumors, similar to tissue injury, trigger an inflammatory response coordinated by the innate immune system. Cellular and molecular mediators of inflammation modulate tumor growth directly and by influencing the adaptive immune response. Depending on the balance of immune cell types and signals within the tumor microenvironment, inflammation can support or restrain the tumor. Adding to the complexity, research from the past two decades has revealed that innate immune cells are highly heterogeneous and plastic, with variable phenotypes depending on tumor type, stage, and treatment. The field is now on the cusp of being able to harness this wealth of data to (a) classify tumors on the basis of their immune makeup, with implications for prognosis, treatment choice, and clinical outcome, and (b) design therapeutic strategies that activate antitumor immune responses by targeting innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maiorino
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Lijuan Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a complex array of cancers that affect the digestive system. This includes liver, pancreatic, colon, rectal, anal, gastric, esophageal, intestinal and gallbladder cancer. Patients diagnosed with certain GI cancers typically have low survival rates, so new therapeutic approaches are needed. A potential approach is to harness the potent immunoregulatory properties of natural killer T (NKT) cells which are true T cells, not natural killer (NK) cells, that recognize lipid instead of peptide antigens presented by the non-classical major histocompatibility (MHC) molecule CD1d. The NKT cell subpopulation is known to play a vital role in tumor immunity by bridging innate and adaptive immune responses. In GI cancers, NKT cells can contribute to either antitumor or protumor immunity depending on the cytokine profile expressed and type of cancer. This review discusses the complexities of the role of NKT cells in liver, colon, pancreatic and gastric cancers with an emphasis on type I NKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Burks
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,CONTACT Julian Burks National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Building 41/Room D702, 41 Medlars Drive, Bethesda, Maryland20892, USA
| | - Purevdorj B. Olkhanud
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay A. Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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37
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Ohmura Y, Ishimori N, Saito A, Yokota T, Horii S, Tokuhara S, Iwabuchi K, Tsutsui H. Natural Killer T Cells Are Involved in Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212451. [PMID: 34830332 PMCID: PMC8618636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The infiltration and activation of macrophages as well as lymphocytes within atherosclerotic lesion contribute to the pathogenesis of plaque rupture. We have demonstrated that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a unique subset of T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid antigens, play a crucial role in atherogenesis. However, it remained unclear whether iNKT cells are also involved in plaque instability. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) knockout mice were fed a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. Moreover, the SD- and the HFD-fed mice were divided into two groups according to the intraperitoneal injection of α-galactosylceramide (αGC) that specifically activates iNKT cells or phosphate-buffered saline alone (PBS). ApoE/Jα18 double knockout mice, which lack iNKT cells, were also fed an SD or HFD. Plaque instability was assessed at the brachiocephalic artery by the histological analysis. In the HFD group, αGC significantly enhanced iNKT cell infiltration and exacerbated atherosclerotic plaque instability, whereas the depletion of iNKT cells attenuated plaque instability compared to PBS-treated mice. Real-time PCR analyses in the aortic tissues showed that αGC administration significantly increased expressional levels of inflammatory genes such as IFN-γ and MMP-2, while the depletion of iNKT cells attenuated these expression levels compared to those in the PBS-treated mice. Our findings suggested that iNKT cells are involved in the exacerbation of plaque instability via the activation of inflammatory cells and upregulation of MMP-2 in the vascular tissues.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Brachial Artery/immunology
- Brachial Artery/pathology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Galactosylceramides/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/etiology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/immunology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (A.S.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Naoki Ishimori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (A.S.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-6973
| | - Akimichi Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (A.S.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (A.S.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Shunpei Horii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3-2, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Tokuhara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (A.S.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
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38
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Hongo D, Zheng P, Dutt S, Pawar RD, Meyer E, Engleman EG, Strober S. Identification of Two Subsets of Murine DC1 Dendritic Cells That Differ by Surface Phenotype, Gene Expression, and Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746469. [PMID: 34777358 PMCID: PMC8589020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) in mice have been divided into 2 major subsets based on the expression of nuclear transcription factors: a CD8+Irf8+Batf3 dependent (DC1) subset, and a CD8-Irf4+ (DC2) subset. We found that the CD8+DC1 subset can be further divided into CD8+DC1a and CD8+DC1b subsets by differences in surface receptors, gene expression, and function. Whereas all 3 DC subsets can act alone to induce potent Th1 cytokine responses to class I and II MHC restricted peptides derived from ovalbumin (OVA) by OT-I and OT-II transgenic T cells, only the DC1b subset could effectively present glycolipid antigens to natural killer T (NKT) cells. Vaccination with OVA protein pulsed DC1b and DC2 cells were more effective in reducing the growth of the B16-OVA melanoma as compared to pulsed DC1a cells in wild type mice. In conclusion, the Batf3-/- dependent DC1 cells can be further divided into two subsets with different immune functional profiles in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hongo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Pingping Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Suparna Dutt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Rahul D Pawar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Everett Meyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Samuel Strober
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Bortoluzzi S, Dashtsoodol N, Engleitner T, Drees C, Helmrath S, Mir J, Toska A, Flossdorf M, Öllinger R, Solovey M, Colomé-Tatché M, Kalfaoglu B, Ono M, Buch T, Ammon T, Rad R, Schmidt-Supprian M. Brief homogeneous TCR signals instruct common iNKT progenitors whose effector diversification is characterized by subsequent cytokine signaling. Immunity 2021; 54:2497-2513.e9. [PMID: 34562377 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Innate-like T cell populations expressing conserved TCRs play critical roles in immunity through diverse developmentally acquired effector functions. Focusing on the prototypical lineage of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, we sought to dissect the mechanisms and timing of fate decisions and functional effector differentiation. Utilizing induced expression of the semi-invariant NKT cell TCR on double positive thymocytes, an initially highly synchronous wave of iNKT cell development was triggered by brief homogeneous TCR signaling. After reaching a uniform progenitor state characterized by IL-4 production potential and proliferation, effector subsets emerged simultaneously, but then diverged toward different fates. While NKT17 specification was quickly completed, NKT1 cells slowly differentiated and expanded. NKT2 cells resembled maturing progenitors, which gradually diminished in numbers. Thus, iNKT subset diversification occurs in dividing progenitor cells without acute TCR input but utilizes multiple active cytokine signaling pathways. These data imply a two-step model of iNKT effector differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bortoluzzi
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Nyambayar Dashtsoodol
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Department of Immunology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Christoph Drees
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Sabine Helmrath
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Jonas Mir
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Albulena Toska
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Michael Flossdorf
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Maria Solovey
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Maria Colomé-Tatché
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Bahire Kalfaoglu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Tim Ammon
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidt-Supprian
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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40
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Li X, Jin C, Chen Q, Zheng X, Xie D, Wu Q, Wang L, Bai S, Zhang H, Bai L. Identification of liver-specific CD24 + invariant NK T cells with low granzyme B production and high proliferative capacity. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:1199-1210. [PMID: 34730251 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0621-309r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant NK T (iNKT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes that can recognize the lipid Ag presented by MHC I like molecule CD1d. Distinct tissue distribution of iNKT cells subsets implies a contribution of these subsets to their related tissue regional immunity. iNKT cells are enriched in liver, an organ with unique immunological properties. Whether liver-specific iNKT cells exist and dedicate to the liver immunity remains elusive. Here, a liver-specific CD24+ iNKT subset is shown. Hepatic CD24+ iNKT cells show higher levels of proliferation, glucose metabolism, and mTOR activity comparing to CD24- iNKT cells. Although CD24+ iNKT cells and CD24- iNKT cells in the liver produce similar amounts of cytokines, the hepatic CD24+ iNKT cells exhibit lower granzyme B production. These liver-specific CD24+ iNKT cells are derived from thymus and differentiate into CD24+ iNKT in the liver microenvironment. Moreover, liver microenvironment induces the formation of CD24+ conventional T cells as well, and these cells exhibit higher proliferation ability but lower granzyme B production in comparison with CD24- T cells. The results propose that liver microenvironment might induce the generation of liver-specific iNKT subset that might play an important role in maintaining liver homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xihua Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qielan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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41
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NKT and NKT-like Cells in Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases-Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179520. [PMID: 34502425 PMCID: PMC8431671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NKT cells comprise three subsets—type I (invariant, iNKT), type II, and NKT-like cells, of which iNKT cells are the most studied subset. They are capable of rapid cytokine production after the initial stimulus, thus they may be important for polarisation of Th cells. Due to this, they may be an important cell subset in autoimmune diseases. In the current review, we are summarising results of NKT-oriented studies in major neurological autoimmune diseases—multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome and their corresponding animal models.
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42
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Nagata M, Toyonaga K, Ishikawa E, Haji S, Okahashi N, Takahashi M, Izumi Y, Imamura A, Takato K, Ishida H, Nagai S, Illarionov P, Stocker BL, Timmer MSM, Smith DGM, Williams SJ, Bamba T, Miyamoto T, Arita M, Appelmelk BJ, Yamasaki S. Helicobacter pylori metabolites exacerbate gastritis through C-type lectin receptors. J Exp Med 2021; 218:152132. [PMID: 32991669 PMCID: PMC7527975 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes gastritis, which has been attributed to the development of H. pylori-specific T cells during infection. However, the mechanism underlying innate immune detection leading to the priming of T cells is not fully understood, as H. pylori evades TLR detection. Here, we report that H. pylori metabolites modified from host cholesterol exacerbate gastritis through the interaction with C-type lectin receptors. Cholesteryl acyl α-glucoside (αCAG) and cholesteryl phosphatidyl α-glucoside (αCPG) were identified as noncanonical ligands for Mincle (Clec4e) and DCAR (Clec4b1). During chronic infection, H. pylori-specific T cell responses and gastritis were ameliorated in Mincle-deficient mice, although bacterial burdens remained unchanged. Furthermore, a mutant H. pylori strain lacking αCAG and αCPG exhibited an impaired ability to cause gastritis. Thus H. pylori-specific modification of host cholesterol plays a pathophysiological role that exacerbates gastric inflammation by triggering C-type lectin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nagata
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Toyonaga
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shojiro Haji
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Okahashi
- Department of Bioinformatics Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koichi Takato
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nagai
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Petr Illarionov
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bridget L Stocker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.,Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mattie S M Timmer
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.,Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dylan G M Smith
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Spencer J Williams
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Miyamoto
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.,Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.,Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ben J Appelmelk
- Molecular Microbiology/Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Division of Molecular Design, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Klibi J, Joseph C, Delord M, Teissandier A, Lucas B, Chomienne C, Toubert A, Bourc'his D, Guidez F, Benlagha K. PLZF Acetylation Levels Regulate NKT Cell Differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:809-823. [PMID: 34282003 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) is encoded by the BTB domain-containing 16 (Zbtb16) gene. Its repressor function regulates specific transcriptional programs. During the development of invariant NKT cells, PLZF is expressed and directs their effector program, but the detailed mechanisms underlying PLZF regulation of multistage NKT cell developmental program are not well understood. This study investigated the role of acetylation-induced PLZF activation on NKT cell development by analyzing mice expressing a mutant form of PLZF mimicking constitutive acetylation (PLZFON) mice. NKT populations in PLZFON mice were reduced in proportion and numbers of cells, and the cells present were blocked at the transition from developmental stage 1 to stage 2. NKT cell subset differentiation was also altered, with T-bet+ NKT1 and RORγt+ NKT17 subsets dramatically reduced and the emergence of a T-bet-RORγt- NKT cell subset with features of cells in early developmental stages rather than mature NKT2 cells. Preliminary analysis of DNA methylation patterns suggested that activated PLZF acts on the DNA methylation signature to regulate NKT cells' entry into the early stages of development while repressing maturation. In wild-type NKT cells, deacetylation of PLZF is possible, allowing subsequent NKT cell differentiation. Interestingly, development of other innate lymphoid and myeloid cells that are dependent on PLZF for their generation is not altered in PLZFON mice, highlighting lineage-specific regulation. Overall, we propose that specific epigenetic control of PLZF through acetylation levels is required to regulate normal NKT cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihene Klibi
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1160, Paris, France;
| | - Claudine Joseph
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | - Marc Delord
- Plateforme de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Teissandier
- Génétique et Biologie du Développement, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3215/INSERM U934, Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; and
| | - Christine Chomienne
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, UMRS 1131, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | - Deborah Bourc'his
- Génétique et Biologie du Développement, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3215/INSERM U934, Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Fabien Guidez
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, UMRS 1131, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Kamel Benlagha
- Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1160, Paris, France;
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Raja R, Wu C, Limbeck F, Butler K, Acharya AP, Curtis M. Instruction of Immunometabolism by Adipose Tissue: Implications for Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133327. [PMID: 34283042 PMCID: PMC8267940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metabolism is the process by which living organisms and cells generate energy to sustain life. At the organismal level, metabolic homeostasis is a tightly controlled balance between energy consumption and energy expenditure. Many studies have shown that disruption of this homeostasis leads to an inflammatory phenotype within adipose tissue. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the dynamic metabolic interplay within adipose tissue and its implications for cancer progression and metastasis. Abstract Disruption of metabolic homeostasis at the organismal level can cause metabolic syndrome associated with obesity. The role of adipose tissue in cancer has been investigated over the last several decades with many studies implicating obesity as a risk factor for the development of cancer. Adipose tissue contains a diverse array of immune cell populations that promote metabolic homeostasis through a tightly controlled balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory signals. During obesity, pro-inflammatory cell types infiltrate and expand within the adipose tissue, exacerbating metabolic dysfunction. Some studies have now shown that the intracellular metabolism of immune cells is also deregulated by the lipid-rich environment in obesity. What is not fully understood, is how this may influence cancer progression, metastasis, and anti-tumor immunity. This review seeks to highlight our current understanding of the effect of adipose tissue on immune cell function and discuss how recent results offer new insight into the role that adipose tissue plays in cancer progression and anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Raja
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA; (R.R.); (C.W.); (F.L.)
| | - Christopher Wu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA; (R.R.); (C.W.); (F.L.)
| | - Francesca Limbeck
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA; (R.R.); (C.W.); (F.L.)
| | - Kristina Butler
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA;
| | - Abhinav P. Acharya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA;
| | - Marion Curtis
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA; (R.R.); (C.W.); (F.L.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
- Correspondence:
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45
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Aoyama S, Nakagawa R, Nemoto S, Perez-Villarroel P, Mulé JJ, Mailloux AW. Checkpoint blockade accelerates a novel switch from an NKT-driven TNFα response toward a T cell driven IFN-γ response within the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002269. [PMID: 34135102 PMCID: PMC8211075 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The temporal response to checkpoint blockade (CB) is incompletely understood. Here, we profiled the tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) landscape in response to combination checkpoint blockade at two distinct timepoints of solid tumor growth. Methods C57BL/6 mice bearing subcutaneous MC38 tumors were treated with anti-PD-1 and/or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. At 11 or 21 days, TIL phenotype and effector function were analyzed in excised tumor digests using high parameter flow cytometry. The contributions of major TIL populations toward overall response were then assessed using ex vivo cytotoxicity and in vivo tumor growth assays. Results The distribution and effector function among 37 distinct TIL populations shifted dramatically between early and late MC38 growth. At 11 days, the immune response was dominated by Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-producing NKT, representing over half of all TIL. These were accompanied by modest frequencies of natural killer (NK), CD4+, or CD8+ T cells, producing low levels of IFN-γ. At 21 days, NKT populations were reduced to a combined 20% of TIL, giving way to increased NK, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells, with increased IFN-γ production. Treatment with CB accelerated this switch. At day 11, CB reduced NKT to less than 20% of all TIL, downregulated TNFα across NKT and CD4+ T cell populations, increased CD4+ and CD8+ TIL frequencies, and significantly upregulated IFN-γ production. Degranulation was largely associated with NK and NKT TIL. Blockade of H-2kb and/or CD1d during ex vivo cytotoxicity assays revealed NKT has limited direct cytotoxicity against parent MC38. However, forced CD1d overexpression in MC38 cells significantly diminished tumor growth, suggesting NKT TIL exerts indirect control over MC38 growth. Conclusions Despite an indirect benefit of early NKT activity, CB accelerates a switch from TNFα, NKT-driven immune response toward an IFN-γ driven CD4+/CD8+ T cell response in MC38 tumors. These results uncover a novel NKT/T cell switch that may be a key feature of CB response in CD1d+ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Aoyama
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakagawa
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nemoto
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | | | - James J Mulé
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cutaneous Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Adam William Mailloux
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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46
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Abstract
The development of tumors requires an initiator event, usually exposure to DNA damaging agents that cause genetic alterations such as gene mutations or chromosomal abnormalities, leading to deregulated cell proliferation. Although the mere stochastic accumulation of further mutations may cause tumor progression, it is now clear that an inflammatory microenvironment has a major tumor-promoting influence on initiated cells, in particular when a chronic inflammatory reaction already existed before the initiated tumor cell was formed. Moreover, inflammatory cells become mobilized in response to signals emanating from tumor cells. In both cases, the microenvironment provides signals that initiated tumor cells perceive by membrane receptors and transduce via downstream kinase cascades to modulate multiple cellular processes and respond with changes in cell gene expression, metabolism, and morphology. Cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors are examples of major signals secreted by immune cells, fibroblast, and endothelial cells and mediate an intricate cell-cell crosstalk in an inflammatory microenvironment, which contributes to increased cancer cell survival, phenotypic plasticity and adaptation to surrounding tissue conditions. Eventually, consequent changes in extracellular matrix stiffness and architecture, coupled with additional genetic alterations, further fortify the malignant progression of tumor cells, priming them for invasion and metastasis. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the composition of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on the major signals and signal-transducing events mediating different aspects of stromal cell-tumor cell communication that ultimately lead to malignant progression.
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Invariant Natural Killer T Cells as Key Players in Host Resistance against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6673722. [PMID: 33954206 PMCID: PMC8064773 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6673722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are key players in the immunity to several pathogens; however, their involvement in the resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection remains unknown. Using splenocytes from CD1d (CD1d−/−) and iNKT-deficient (Jα18−/−) mice, we found that iNKT cells are the innate source of IFN-γ after P. brasiliensis infection and are required to potentiate macrophage oxidative burst and control fungal growth. To determine whether iNKT cells contribute in vivo to host resistance against P. brasiliensis infection, we infected intratracheally wild-type and Jα18−/− C57BL/6 mouse strains with the virulent Pb18 isolate. iNKT cell deficiency impaired the airway acute inflammatory response, resulting in decreased airway neutrophilia and reduced IFN-γ, KC, and nitric oxide (NO) production. The deficient innate immune response of Jα18−/− mice to Pb18 infection resulted in increased fungal burden in the lungs and spleen. Besides, the activation of iNKT cells in vivo by administration of the exogenous iNKT ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) improved host resistance to P. brasiliensis infection. Although the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon remain to be clarified, α-GalCer treatment boosted the local inflammatory response and reduced pulmonary fungal burden. In conclusion, our study is the first evidence that iNKT cells are important for the protective immunity to P. brasiliensis infection and their activation by an exogenous ligand is sufficient to improve the host resistance to this fungal infection.
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Tanno H, Kanno E, Sato S, Asao Y, Shimono M, Kurosaka S, Oikawa Y, Ishi S, Shoji M, Sato K, Kasamatsu J, Miyasaka T, Yamamoto H, Ishii K, Imai Y, Tachi M, Kawakami K. Contribution of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells to the Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Skin Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3931. [PMID: 33920301 PMCID: PMC8070359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infections are considered one of the most severe problems in skin wounds, and bacteria are present in over 90% of chronic wounds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently isolated from chronic wounds and is thought to be a cause of delayed wound healing. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, unique lymphocytes with a potent regulatory ability in various inflammatory responses, accelerate the wound healing process. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of iNKT cells in the host defense against P. aeruginosa inoculation at the wound sites. We analyzed the re-epithelialization, bacterial load, accumulation of leukocytes, and production of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. In iNKT cell-deficient (Jα18KO) mice, re-epithelialization was significantly decreased, and the number of live colonies was significantly increased, when compared with those in wild-type (WT) mice on day 7. IL-17A, and IL-22 production was significantly lower in Jα18KO mice than in WT mice on day 5. Furthermore, the administration of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), a specific activator of iNKT cells, led to enhanced host protection, as shown by reduced bacterial load, and to increased production of IL-22, IL-23, and S100A9 compared that of with WT mice. These results suggest that iNKT cells promote P. aeruginosa clearance during skin wound healing.
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Grants
- a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (19H03918), The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (17K19710) The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (17K17393) the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (19K19494) The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (E.K.); (S.S.); (Y.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (E.K.); (S.S.); (Y.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Suzuna Sato
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (E.K.); (S.S.); (Y.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Yu Asao
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (E.K.); (S.S.); (Y.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Mizuki Shimono
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (E.K.); (S.S.); (Y.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Shiho Kurosaka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yukari Oikawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Shinyo Ishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Miki Shoji
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan;
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan;
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.S.); (J.K.)
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49
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Tao H, Pan Y, Chu S, Li L, Xie J, Wang P, Zhang S, Reddy S, Sleasman JW, Zhong XP. Differential controls of MAIT cell effector polarization by mTORC1/mTORC2 via integrating cytokine and costimulatory signals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2029. [PMID: 33795689 PMCID: PMC8016978 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have important functions in immune responses against pathogens and in diseases, but mechanisms controlling MAIT cell development and effector lineage differentiation remain unclear. Here, we report that IL-2/IL-15 receptor β chain and inducible costimulatory (ICOS) not only serve as lineage-specific markers for IFN-γ-producing MAIT1 and IL-17A-producing MAIT17 cells, but are also important for their differentiation, respectively. Both IL-2 and IL-15 induce mTOR activation, T-bet upregulation, and subsequent MAIT cell, especially MAIT1 cell, expansion. By contrast, IL-1β induces more MAIT17 than MAIT1 cells, while IL-23 alone promotes MAIT17 cell proliferation and survival, but synergizes with IL-1β to induce strong MAIT17 cell expansion in an mTOR-dependent manner. Moreover, mTOR is dispensable for early MAIT cell development, yet pivotal for MAIT cell effector differentiation. Our results thus show that mTORC2 integrates signals from ICOS and IL-1βR/IL-23R to exert a crucial role for MAIT17 differentiation, while the IL-2/IL-15R-mTORC1-T-bet axis ensures MAIT1 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Tao
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shuai Chu
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jinhai Xie
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shimeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Srija Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John W Sleasman
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics-Allergy and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapies Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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50
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Senovilla L, Vacchelli E, Galon J, Adjemian S, Eggermont A, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C, Ma Y, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Prognostic and predictive value of the immune infiltrate in cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:1323-1343. [PMID: 23243596 PMCID: PMC3518505 DOI: 10.4161/onci.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are constituted of a variety of cellular components, including bona fide malignant cells as well as endothelial, structural and immune cells. On one hand, the tumor stroma exerts major pro-tumorigenic and immunosuppressive functions, reflecting the capacity of cancer cells to shape the microenvironment to satisfy their own metabolic and immunological needs. On the other hand, there is a component of tumor-infiltrating leucocytes (TILs) that has been specifically recruited in the attempt to control tumor growth. Along with the recognition of the critical role played by the immune system in oncogenesis, tumor progression and response to therapy, increasing attention has been attracted by the potential prognostic and/or predictive role of the immune infiltrate in this setting. Data from large clinical studies demonstrate indeed that a robust infiltration of neoplastic lesions by specific immune cell populations, including (but not limited to) CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Th1 and Th17 CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and M1 macrophages constitutes an independent prognostic indicator in several types of cancer. Conversely, high levels of intratumoral CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, Th2 CD4+ T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M2 macrophages and neutrophils have frequently been associated with dismal prognosis. So far, only a few studies have addressed the true predictive potential of TILs in cancer patients, generally comforting the notion that—at least in some clinical settings—the immune infiltrate can reliably predict if a specific patient will respond to therapy or not. In this Trial Watch, we will summarize the results of clinical trials that have evaluated/are evaluating the prognostic and predictive value of the immune infiltrate in the context of solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Senovilla
- Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Orsay, France ; INSERM, U848; Villejuif, France
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