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Dawood AFA, Alharbi HM, Ismaeel FI, Khan SM, Yassa HD, Welson NN, Abd El-Aziz FEZA. Cadmium-induced pancreatic toxicity in rats: comparing vitamin C and Nigella sativa as protective agents: a histomorphometric and ultrastructural study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39245987 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2399779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the toxic effect of cadmium (Cd) on the exocrine and endocrine functions of pancreas, the changes in pancreatic tissue after Cd withdrawal, and the protective effects of vitamin C (VC) and Nigella sativa (NS) against Cd-induced damage. Rats were assigned to: control, Cd-treated (0.5 mg/kg/d intraperitoneal [IP] injection), VC and Cd-treated (receiving 100 mg/kg/d VC orally and Cd concomitantly), NS and Cd-treated (receiving 20 mg/kg/d NS and Cd, simultaneously), and Cd withdrawal (receiving Cd for 30 d then living free for recovery for other 30 d). Blood samples were collected and post-sacrifice pancreatic specimens were processed for light and electron microscope study. Quantitative analyses of pancreatic collagen area%, pancreatic islet parameters, β cell density, and insulin immunoexpression were done. Fasting blood glucose was significantly increased in Cd-treated and Cd-withdrawal groups, while co-treatment with VC and NS caused significant reductions (p < 0.05). Cd-induced extensive degenerative changes in pancreatic acini and islets at light and ultrastructure levels. Obvious fibrosis and congestion of blood vessels were noticed. Significant reductions in pancreatic islet number, volume, and surface area and diminished beta cell count and insulin immunoexpression were observed. After withdrawal of Cd, the whole pancreatic tissue still showed a serious impact. Concomitant treatment with VC or NS obviously reduced these degenerative changes and significantly improved pancreatic islet parameters and insulin immunoexpression. VC showed a better amendment than NS, but this difference was statistically insignificant. Therefore, VC and NS could be used as prophylactic agents that lessen Cd consequences on the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F A Dawood
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten I Ismaeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahina M Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan D Yassa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Nermeen N Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Jia MJ, Chen L. Effect of trace elements and nutrients on diabetes and its complications: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1439217. [PMID: 39149550 PMCID: PMC11324608 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1439217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple clinical studies have observed a close relationship between serum trace elements and nutrients and diabetes and its complications, but it remains unclear whether there is a genetic causal effect between serum trace elements and nutrients and diabetes and its complications. Objective This study aims to investigate the causal effects of serum trace elements and nutrients on diabetes and its complications using Mendelian randomization methods. Methods The single nucleotide polymorphisms of serum trace elements and vitamins, as exposure factors, were sourced from the published UK Biobank database and public databases of genome-wide association studies. The genome-wide association study data of diabetes and its complications, as outcome events, were sourced from the FinnGen Biobank database. Mendelian randomization methods were employed to explore the causal relationships between 9 trace elements and 6 nutrients and diabetes and its complications. The causal relationships were inferred using inverse variance weighting, MR Egger, weighted median, simple model, and weighted model methods. Sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests, MR-PRESSO tests, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the study results. Finally, trace elements and nutrients with statistical significance in the IVW method and consistent Beta and OR directions in the five methods were selected as exposure factors with causal relationships with diabetes and its complications. This study also used multivariable Mendelian randomization methods to assess the combined effects of multiple exposure factors on the risk of diabetes and its complications. Results Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that selenium was linked to an elevated risk of T2D.Vitamin B6 was correlated with an increased risk of neurological complications in type 2 diabetes. Magnesium exhibited a negative causal relationship with the risk of T1D.Carotene was linked to a higher risk of renal complications in T1D.Vitamin B12 showed a negative causal relationship with renal complications in T1D.Carotene was connected to a higher risk of neurological complications in T1D.Potassium and vitamin B6 exhibited negative causal relationships with neurological complications in T1D.Vitamin E showed a negative causal relationship with peripheral circulation complications in T2D.Multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that vitamin B6 could independently influence neurological complications in both T1D and T2D, apart from other exposure factors. Vitamin B6 could also independently influence renal complications in T1D.Vitamin E could independently influence peripheral circulation complications in T1D, apart from other exposure factors. Conclusion The findings from univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization studies substantiate the causal relationships between trace elements and nutrients and different subtypes of diabetes and their complications. These findings hold significant clinical implications for developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies for diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Jia
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Long Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Młynarska E, Biskup L, Możdżan M, Grygorcewicz O, Możdżan Z, Semeradt J, Uramowski M, Rysz J, Franczyk B. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Hypertension: The Insight into Antihypertensive Properties of Vitamins A, C and E. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:848. [PMID: 39061916 PMCID: PMC11273425 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension stands as a pervasive global health challenge, contributing significantly to mortality rates worldwide. Various factors, including lifestyle choices and dietary habits, contribute to the development of hypertension. In recent years, oxidative stress has garnered significant attention as a factor influencing hypertension risk, prompting a shift in research focus towards exploring it as a potential target for prevention and treatment. Antioxidants found in our diet, such as vitamins C, E and carotenoids exhibit the ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. In addition, Vitamin A has an antioxidant effect despite not being an antioxidant itself. Consequently, supplementation or increased intake of these antioxidants has been hypothesized to potentially lower blood pressure levels and aid in the management of hypertension, thereby potentially prolonging life expectancy. Research findings regarding this effect have been diverse. This paper examines the existing literature demonstrating favorable outcomes associated with antioxidant supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Laura Biskup
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Możdżan
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Olivia Grygorcewicz
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zofia Możdżan
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Semeradt
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Uramowski
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Gonzalo-Skok O, Casuso RA. Effects of Mitoquinone (MitoQ) Supplementation on Aerobic Exercise Performance and Oxidative Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:77. [PMID: 38981985 PMCID: PMC11233485 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contracting skeletal muscle produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from both mitochondrial and cytosolic sources. The use of non-specific antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, during exercise has produced inconsistent results in terms of exercise performance. Consequently, the effects of the mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q10, named Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on exercise responses are currently under investigation. METHODS In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize research assessing the impact of MitoQ on aerobic endurance performance and exercise-induced oxidative damage. PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were used to select articles from inception to January 16th of 2024. Inclusion criteria were MitoQ supplementation must be compared with a placebo group, showing acute exercise responses in both; for crossover designs, at least 14 d of washout was needed, and exercise training can be concomitant to MitoQ or placebo supplementation if the study meets the other inclusion criteria points. The risk of bias was evaluated through the Critical Appraisal Checklist (JBI). RESULTS We identified eight studies encompassing a total sample size of 188 subjects. Our findings indicate that MitoQ supplementation effectively reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage (SMD: -1.33; 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.43). Furthermore, our findings indicate that acute and/or chronic MitoQ supplementation does not improve endurance exercise performance (SMD: -0.50; 95% CI: -1.39 to 0.40) despite reducing exercise-induced oxidative stress. Notably, our sensitivity analysis reveals that MitoQ may benefit subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) in improving exercise tolerance. CONCLUSION While MitoQ effectively reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage, no evidence suggests that aerobic exercise performance is enhanced by either acute or chronic MitoQ supplementation. However, acute MitoQ supplementation may improve exercise tolerance in subjects with PAD. Future research should investigate whether MitoQ supplementation concurrent with exercise training (e.g., 4-16 weeks) alters adaptations induced by exercise alone and using different doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Gonzalo-Skok
- Department of Communication and Education, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael A Casuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Ilaghi M, Kafi F, Shafiei M, Zangiabadian M, Nasiri MJ. Dietary supplementations to mitigate the cardiopulmonary effects of air pollution toxicity: A systematic review of clinical trials. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304402. [PMID: 38870164 PMCID: PMC11175466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a consistent association between exposure to air pollution and elevated rates of cardiopulmonary illnesses. As public health activities emphasize the paramount need to reduce exposure, it is crucial to examine strategies like the antioxidant diet that could potentially protect individuals who are unavoidably exposed. METHODS A systematic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to March 31, 2023, for clinical trials assessing dietary supplements against cardiovascular (blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, brachial artery diameter, flow-mediated dilation, and lipid profile) or pulmonary outcomes (pulmonary function and airway inflammation) attributed to air pollution exposure. RESULTS After reviewing 4681 records, 18 studies were included. There were contradictory findings on the effects of fish oil and olive oil supplementations on cardiovascular outcomes. Although with limited evidence, fish oil offered protection against pulmonary dysfunction induced by pollutants. Most studies on vitamin C did not find protective cardiovascular effects; however, the combination of vitamin C and E offered protective effects against pulmonary dysfunction but showed conflicting results for cardiovascular outcomes. Other supplements like sulforaphane, L-arginine, n-acetylcysteine, and B vitamins showed potential beneficial effects but need further research due to the limited number of existing trials. CONCLUSIONS Although more research is needed to determine the efficacy and optimal dose of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant dietary supplements against air pollution toxicity, this low-cost preventative strategy has the potential to offer protection against outcomes of air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ilaghi
- Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kafi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Shafiei
- Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moein Zangiabadian
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sato A, Kondo Y, Ishigami A. The evidence to date: implications of l-ascorbic acid in the pathophysiology of aging. J Physiol Sci 2024; 74:29. [PMID: 38730366 PMCID: PMC11088021 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
L-Ascorbic acid, commonly known as vitamin C, has been used not only for disease prevention and in complementary and alternative medicine, but also for anti-aging purposes. However, the scientific evidence is not yet sufficient. Here, we review the physiological functions of vitamin C and its relationship with various pathological conditions, including our previous findings, and discuss the prospects of its application in healthy longevity. In summary, vitamin C levels are associated with lifespan in several animal models. Furthermore, clinical studies have shown that the blood vitamin C levels are lower in middle-aged and older adults than in younger adults. Lower blood vitamin C levels have also been observed in various pathological conditions such as chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly. These observations suggest the implications of vitamin C in age-related pathological mechanisms owing to its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayami Sato
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, Toyo University, Tokyo, 115-8650, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Kondo
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
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Yousefian M, Abedimanesh S, Yadegar A, Nakhjavani M, Bathaie SZ. Co-administration of "L-Lysine, Vitamin C, and Zinc" increased the antioxidant activity, decreased insulin resistance, and improved lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116525. [PMID: 38599057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously showed the beneficial effect of L-Lysine (Lys), a chemical chaperone, on reducing diabetic complications in diabetic rats and type 2 diabetic patients. Herein, we evaluated the effect of Lys co-administration with Vitamin C and Zinc (Lys+VC+Zn), in diabetic rats. METHODS The streptozotocin (50 mg/Kg) was injected into male adult Wistar rats to induce diabetes. Then, different groups of normal and diabetic rats were treated with Lys and Lys+VC+Zn for five months. So, there were 0.1 % Lys in the drinking water of both groups. The control groups received water alone. During the experiment, the body weight, and various parameters were determined in the blood, serum/plasma, and urine of the rats. RESULTS The determination of biochemical indexes confirmed diabetes induction and its complications in rats. Treatment with either Lys or Lys+VC+Zn resulted in reduced blood glucose and protein glycation (decreasing AGEs and HbA1c), increased insulin secretion, alleviated insulin resistance and HOMA-IR, improved lipid profile and HDL functionality (LCAT and PON1), enhanced antioxidant status (FRAP and AOPP), improved kidney function (decreased microalbuminuria, serum urea, and creatinine), and increased chaperone capacity (HSP70). Lys+VC+Zn showed better effects on these parameters than Lys alone. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicated that co-administration of Lys, a chemical chaperone, with two antioxidants (VC and Zn) potentiates its antidiabetic effects and prevent diabetic complications in rat model of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Yousefian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saeid Abedimanesh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirhossein Yadegar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Medical Sciences University of Tehran, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Manouchehr Nakhjavani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Medical Sciences University of Tehran, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Zeng J, Qian Y, Yang J, Chen X, Fu C, Che Z, Feng Y, Yin J. Nutritional therapy bridges the critical cut-off point for the closed-loop role of type 2 diabetes and bone homeostasis: A narrative review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28229. [PMID: 38689978 PMCID: PMC11059410 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, osteoporosis-related fractures become the most cutting-edge problem of diabetes-related complications. Rational diet is not only the basis of glycemic management in type 2 diabetes patients, but also the direction of diabetic bone health. This review highlights the importance of micronutrient supplementation (including calcium, magnesium, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin K, and vitamin C) for patients with T2DM, as well as describing the constructive intermediary role of gut flora between T2DM and bone through nutrients predominantly high in dietary fiber. In addition, it is recommended to combine the Mediterranean dietary pattern with other diversified management approaches to prevent OP. Therefore, this provides a theoretical basis for the potential role of islet β-cells in promoting bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zeng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jizhuo Yang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinqiang Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chuanwen Fu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhuohang Che
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuemei Feng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianzhong Yin
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Baoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoshan, 678000, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratary of Public Health and Biosafety, Kunming, 650500, China
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Zhao L, Hu H, Zhang L, Liu Z, Huang Y, Liu Q, Jin L, Zhu M, Zhang L. Inflammation in diabetes complications: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e516. [PMID: 38617433 PMCID: PMC11014467 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, diabetes mellitus (DM) has been one of the most endangering healthy diseases. Current therapies contain controlling high blood sugar, reducing risk factors like obesity, hypertension, and so on; however, DM patients inevitably and eventually progress into different types of diabetes complications, resulting in poor quality of life. Unfortunately, the clear etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes complications have not been elucidated owing to intricate whole-body systems. The immune system was responsible to regulate homeostasis by triggering or resolving inflammatory response, indicating it may be necessary to diabetes complications. In fact, previous studies have been shown inflammation plays multifunctional roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications and is attracting attention to be the meaningful therapeutic strategy. To this end, this review systematically concluded the current studies over the relationships of susceptible diabetes complications (e.g., diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy) and inflammation, ranging from immune cell response, cytokines interaction to pathomechanism of organ injury. Besides, we also summarized various therapeutic strategies to improve diabetes complications by target inflammation from special remedies to conventional lifestyle changes. This review will offer a panoramic insight into the mechanisms of diabetes complications from an inflammatory perspective and also discuss contemporary clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haoran Hu
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zheting Liu
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qian Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Traditional Chinese Medicines Education (Zhejiang Chinese Medical University)College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Meifei Zhu
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Biology and MedicineCollege of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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10
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Jagdale AD, Patil RS, Tupe RS. Attenuation of albumin glycation and oxidative stress by minerals and vitamins: An in vitro perspective of dual-purpose therapy. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2024; 125:231-250. [PMID: 38997165 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Nonenzymatic glycation of proteins is accelerated in the context of elevated blood sugar levels in diabetes. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are strongly linked to the onset and progression of diabetes. The antiglycation ability of various water- and fat-soluble vitamins, along with trace minerals like molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), chromium, etc., have been screened using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as in vitro model. BSA was incubated with methylglyoxal (MGO) at 37 °C for 48 h, along with minerals and vitamins separately, along with controls and aminoguanidine (AG) as a standard to compare the efficacy of the minerals and vitamins. Further, their effects on renal cells' (HEK-293) antioxidant potential were examined. Antiglycation potential is measured by monitoring protein glycation markers, structural and functional modifications. Some minerals, Mo, Mn, and Mg, demonstrated comparable inhibition of protein-bound carbonyl content and ß-amyloid aggregation at maximal physiological concentrations. Mo and Mg protected the thiol group and free amino acids and preserved the antioxidant potential. Vitamin E, D, B1 and B3 revealed significant glycation inhibition and improved antioxidant potential in HEK-293 cells as assessed by estimating lipid peroxidation, SOD and glyoxalase activity. These results emphasize the glycation inhibitory potential of vitamins and minerals, indicating the use of these micronutrients in the prospect of the therapeutic outlook for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Dinkar Jagdale
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Shivaji Patil
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rashmi Santosh Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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Peng X, Li H, Wang D, Wu L, Hu J, Ye F, Syed BM, Liu D, Zhang J, Liu Q. Intrauterine arsenic exposure induces glucose metabolism disorders in adult offspring by targeting TET2-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation reprogramming of HNF4α in developing livers, an effect alleviated by ascorbic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133405. [PMID: 38185084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic during gestation has lasting health-related effects on the developing fetus, including an increase in the risk of metabolic disease later in life. Epigenetics is a potential mechanism involved in this process. Ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) has been widely considered as a transferase of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Here, mice were exposed, via drinking water, to arsenic or arsenic combined with ascorbic acid (AA) during gestation. For adult offspring, intrauterine arsenic exposure exhibited disorders of glucose metabolism, which are associated with DNA hydroxymethylation reprogramming of hepatic nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α). Further molecular structure analysis, by SEC-UV-DAD, SEC-ICP-MS, verified that arsenic binds to the cysteine domain of TET2. Mechanistically, arsenic reduces the stability of TET2 by binding to it, resulting in the decrease of 5hmC levels in Hnf4α and subsequently inhibiting its expression. This leads to the disorders of expression of its downstream key glucose metabolism genes. Supplementation with AA blocked the reduction of TET2 and normalized the 5hmC levels of Hnf4α, thus alleviating the glucose metabolism disorders. Our study provides targets and methods for the prevention of offspring glucose metabolism abnormalities caused by intrauterine arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Peng
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wu
- Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacai Hu
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Testing, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuping Ye
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Binafsha Manzoor Syed
- Medical Research Centre, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Deye Liu
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Testing, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Mahdavi A, Leclercq M, Droit A, Rudkowska I, Lebel M. Predictive model for vitamin C levels in hyperinsulinemic individuals based on age, sex, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein, and immune-associated serum proteins. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109538. [PMID: 38030046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an important water-soluble antioxidant associated with decreased oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. A previous targeted plasma proteomic study has indicated that ascorbic acid is associated with markers of the immune system in healthy subjects. However, the association between the levels of ascorbic acid and blood biomarkers in subjects at risk of developing T2D is still unknown. Serum ascorbic acid was measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and serum proteins were quantified by untargeted liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry in 25 hyperinsulinemia subjects that were randomly assigned a high dairy intake diet or an adequate dairy intake diet for 6 weeks, then crossed-over after a 6-week washout period. Spearman correlation followed by gene ontology analyses were performed to identify biological pathways associated with ascorbic acid. Finally, machine learning analysis was performed to obtain a specific serum protein signature that could predict ascorbic acid levels. After adjustments for waist circumference, LDL, HDL, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, age, gender, and dairy intake; serum ascorbic acid correlated positively with different aspects of the immune system. Machine learning analysis indicated that a signature composed of 21 features that included 17 proteins (mainly from the immune system), age, sex, waist circumference, and LDL could predict serum ascorbic acid levels in hyperinsulinemia subjects. In conclusion, the result reveals a correlation as well as modulation between serum ascorbic acid levels and proteins that play vital roles in regulating different aspects of the immune response in individuals at risk of T2D. The development of a predictive signature for ascorbic acid will further help the assessment of ascorbic acid status in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Mickaël Leclercq
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada; Proteomics Platform, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
| | - Michel Lebel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry, and Pathology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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13
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Younes S. The role of micronutrients on the treatment of diabetes. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2024; 35:200238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
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14
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Veluthakal R, Esparza D, Hoolachan JM, Balakrishnan R, Ahn M, Oh E, Jayasena CS, Thurmond DC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inter-Organ Miscommunications in T2D Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1504. [PMID: 38338783 PMCID: PMC10855860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogenous disease, and conventionally, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) was thought to precede islet β-cell dysfunction, promoting progression from prediabetes to T2D. New evidence suggests that T2D-lean individuals experience early β-cell dysfunction without significant IR. Regardless of the primary event (i.e., IR vs. β-cell dysfunction) that contributes to dysglycemia, significant early-onset oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple metabolic tissues may be a driver of T2D onset and progression. Oxidative stress, defined as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mediated by hyperglycemia alone or in combination with lipids. Physiological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue communication, while pathological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue mis-communication, and new evidence suggests that this is mediated via extracellular vesicles (EVs), including mitochondria containing EVs. Under metabolic-related stress conditions, EV-mediated cross-talk between β-cells and skeletal muscle likely trigger mitochondrial anomalies leading to prediabetes and T2D. This article reviews the underlying molecular mechanisms in ROS-related pathogenesis of prediabetes, including mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics due to oxidative stress. Further, this review will describe the potential of various therapeutic avenues for attenuating oxidative damage, reversing prediabetes and preventing progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
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15
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Dinesh S, Sharma S, Chourasiya R. Therapeutic Applications of Plant and Nutraceutical-Based Compounds for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e050523216593. [PMID: 37151065 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230505140206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a condition caused by a deficiency in insulin production or sensitivity that is defined by persistent hyperglycemia as well as disturbances in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Uncurbed diabetes or incessant hyperglycemic condition can lead to severe complications, including renal damage, visual impairment, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, etc., which promotes diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality rates. The therapeutic management of diabetes includes conventional medications and nutraceuticals as complementary therapies. Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds derived from food sources that have health-promoting properties and are instrumental in the management and treatment of various maladies. Nutraceuticals are clinically exploited to tackle DM pathogenesis, and the clinical evidence suggests that nutraceuticals can modulate biochemical parameters related to diabetes pathogenesis and comorbidities. Hypoglycemic medicines are designed to mitigate DM in traditional medicinal practice. This review intends to emphasize and comment on the various therapeutic strategies available to manage this chronic condition, conventional drugs, and the potential role of nutraceuticals in managing the complexity of the disease and reducing the risk of complications. In contrast to conventional antihyperglycemic drugs, nutraceutical supplements offer a higher efficacy and lesser adverse effects. To substantiate the efficacy and safety of various functional foods in conjunction with conventional hypoglycemic medicines, additional data from clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, 560043, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, 560043, India
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16
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Lykkesfeldt J, Carr AC. Vitamin C - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10300. [PMID: 38187788 PMCID: PMC10770653 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C has multiple metabolic functions in the body, but the available information on the exact relationship between these functions and the intake necessary to maintain them is very limited. However, most attempts to objectively measure adequacy of vitamin C status, including, for example, replacement of metabolic turnover, chronic disease prevention, urinary excretion, and saturation of immune cells and body compartment, currently point toward 50 µmol/L as a reasonable target plasma concentration. As a strong correlation between body weight and vitamin C status exists, recommended intakes (RIs) for other age groups may be extrapolated from the adult RI based on weight. However, as body weights above 70 kg are becoming increasingly common - also in the Nordic region - an RI of 140 mg/day for individuals weighing 100 kg or more should be considered to compensate for the larger volume of distribution. Finally, smoking continues to be a common contributor to poor vitamin C status; therefore, it is proposed that people who smoke increase their daily vitamin C intake by 40 mg/day to compensate for the increased metabolic turnover induced by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anitra C. Carr
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Lbban E, Kwon K, Ashor A, Stephan B, Idris I, Tsintzas K, Siervo M. Vitamin C supplementation showed greater effects on systolic blood pressure in hypertensive and diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:814-825. [PMID: 37791386 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2264549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Results from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure (BP) have been inconsistent. This systematic review evaluated the effects of vitamin C supplementation on BP and included RCTs testing the effects of vitamin C supplementation alone, on systolic and diastolic BP in adult participants (≥18 years). Random-effect models were conducted to estimate the pooled effects of vitamin C supplementation on BP. A total of 20 studies with 890 participants were included. The median dose of vitamin C was 757.5 mg/d, the median duration was 6 weeks. Vitamin C supplementation was found to reduce systolic BP by -3.0 mmHg (95%CI: -4.7, -1.3 mmHg; p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a more pronounced effect on systolic BP in patients with hypertension (-3.2 mmHg, 95%CI -5.2, -1.2 mmHg, p = 0.002) and diabetes (-4.6 mmHg, 95%CI -8.9, -0.3 mmHg, p = 0.03). Further research needs to evaluate the long-term effect of vitamin C on BP in populations with impaired cardio-metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eazaz Lbban
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kee Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ammar Ashor
- College of Medicine, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Blossom Stephan
- Curtin Dementia Centre of Excellence, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Iskandar Idris
- School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Derby Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Curtin Dementia Centre of Excellence, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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18
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Liu J, Qin L, Zheng J, Tong L, Lu W, Lu C, Sun J, Fan B, Wang F. Research Progress on the Relationship between Vitamins and Diabetes: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16371. [PMID: 38003557 PMCID: PMC10671335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease that causes complications over time, bringing serious public health challenges that affect different countries across the world. The current clinical drugs for diabetes may lead to adverse effects such as hypoglycemia and liver and abdominal distension and pain, which prompt people to explore new treatments for diabetes without side effects. The research objective of this review article is to systematically review studies on vitamins and diabetes and to explain their possible mechanism of action, as well as to assess the role of vitamins as drugs for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. To achieve our objective, we searched scientific databases in PubMed Central, Medline databases and Web of Science for articles, using "vitamin" and "diabetes" as key words. The results of numerous scientific investigations revealed that vitamin levels were decreased in humans and animals with diabetes, and vitamins show promise for the prevention and/or control of diabetes through anti-inflammation, antioxidation and the regulation of lipid metabolism. However, a few studies showed that vitamins had no positive effect on the development of diabetes. Currently, studies on vitamins in the treatment of diabetes are still very limited, and there are no clinical data to clarify the dose-effect relationship between vitamins and diabetes; therefore, vitamins are not recommended as routine drugs for the treatment of diabetes. However, we still emphasize the great potential of vitamins in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, and higher quality studies are needed in the future to reveal the role of vitamins in the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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19
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Ding N, Zeng Z, Luo J, Li K. The cross-sectional relationship between vitamin C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels: insights from NHANES database. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1290749. [PMID: 38024382 PMCID: PMC10675847 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1290749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ascorbic acid or vitamin C has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may impact markers of inflammation like C-reactive protein (CRP). However, studies specifically on vitamin C and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) have been scarce. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 dataset including 5,380 U.S. adults aged ≥20 years. Multiple regression models examined the relationship between plasma vitamin C and serum hs-CRP while adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses and curve fitting assessed effect modification and nonlinearity. Results An inverse association was found between plasma vitamin C and serum hs-CRP overall (β = -0.025, 95% CI: -0.033 to -0.017, p < 0.00001) and in subgroups except for the "other Hispanic" subgroup in model II (β = -0.009, 95% CI: (-0.040, 0.023), p = 0.5885). The relationship was nonlinear, with the greatest hs-CRP reduction observed up to a plasma vitamin C level of 53.1 μmol/L. Conclusion The results showed a non-linear negative correlation between vitamin C levels and hs-CRP in adults. These results suggest vitamin C intake may reduce inflammation and cardiovascular risk, but only up to 53.1 μmol/L plasma vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Zeng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Keng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
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20
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Carr AC, Lunt H, Wareham NJ, Myint PK. Estimating Vitamin C Intake Requirements in Diabetes Mellitus: Analysis of NHANES 2017-2018 and EPIC-Norfolk Cohorts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1863. [PMID: 37891943 PMCID: PMC10604478 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is an essential enzyme cofactor and antioxidant with pleiotropic roles in human physiology. Circulating vitamin C concentrations are lower in people with diabetes mellitus, suggesting a higher dietary requirement for the vitamin. We interrogated the NHANES 2017-2018 and EPIC-Norfolk datasets to compare vitamin C requirements between those with and without diabetes mellitus using dose-concentration relationships fitted with sigmoidal (four-parameter logistic) curves. The NHANES cohort (n = 2828 non-supplementing adults) comprised 488 (17%) participants with diabetes (self-reported or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). The participants with diabetes had a lower vitamin C status (median [IQR]) than those without (38 [17, 52] µmol/L vs. 44 [25, 61] µmol/L, p < 0.0001), despite comparable dietary intakes between the two groups (51 [26, 93] mg/d vs. 53 [24, 104] mg/d, p = 0.5). Dose-concentration relationships indicated that the group without diabetes reached adequate vitamin C concentrations (50 µmol/L) with an intake of 81 (72, 93) mg/d, whilst those with diabetes required an intake of 166 (126, NA) mg/d. In the EPIC-Norfolk cohort, comprising 20692 non-supplementing adults, 475 (2.3%) had self-reported diabetes at baseline. The EPIC cohort had a lower BMI than the NHANES cohort (26 [24, 28] kg/m2 vs. 29 [25, 34] kg/m2, p < 0.0001). Correspondingly, the EPIC participants without diabetes required a lower vitamin C intake of 64 (63, 65) mg/d while those with diabetes required 129 (104, NA) mg/d to reach adequate circulating vitamin C status. C-reactive protein concentrations were strongly correlated with body weight and BMI and provided a surrogate biomarker for vitamin C requirements. In conclusion, people with diabetes had 1.4 to 1.6 fold higher requirements for vitamin C than those without diabetes. This corresponds to additional daily vitamin C intake requirements of ~30-40 mg for people with diabetes, equating to a total daily intake of at least 125 mg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitra C. Carr
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Helen Lunt
- Diabetes Outpatients, Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | | | - Phyo K. Myint
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research (ACER) Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
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Galan-Lopez P, Casuso RA. Metabolic Adaptations to Morning Versus Afternoon Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2023; 53:1951-1961. [PMID: 37458979 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some physiological responses such as circulating glucose as well as muscle performance show a circadian rhythmicity. In the present study we aimed to quantitatively synthesize the data comparing the metabolic adaptations induced by morning and afternoon training. METHODS PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies comparing the metabolic adaptations (> 2 weeks) between morning and afternoon training. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models with DerSimonian-Laird methods for fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbAc1), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). RESULTS We identified 9 studies with 11 different populations (n = 450 participants). We found that afternoon exercise was more effective at reducing circulating triglycerides [standardized mean difference (SMD) - 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.616 to - 0.025] than morning training. Moreover, afternoon tended to decrease fasting blood glucose (SMD - 0.24; 95% CI - 0.478 to 0.004) to a greater extent than morning training. CONCLUSION Metabolic adaptations to exercise may be dependent on the time of day. Morning training does not show superior effects to afternoon exercise in any of the analyzed outcomes. However, afternoon training is more effective at reducing circulating triglyceride levels and perhaps at reducing fasting blood glucose than morning training. The study was preregistered at PROSPERO (CRD42021287860).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Galan-Lopez
- Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael A Casuso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain.
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22
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Zhou L, Zhang J, Zhang D, Yu Y, Jiang M, Liu H, Li J, Li M, Zhang Z, Guo L. Co-exposure to multiple vitamins and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1254133. [PMID: 37795357 PMCID: PMC10546318 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1254133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although the effect of vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients has been reported, most studies focus on individual vitamins. However, humans are often exposed to multiple vitamins simultaneously in daily life. Therefore, it is worth exploring the effects of co-exposure to multiple vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients. Methods This study included diabetic patients aged ≥20WD years who participated in NHANES from 2003 to 2006. An unsupervised K-means clustering method was used to cluster eight vitamins in serum into several patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of different patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins on the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients. Results Three patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins were generated based on K-means clustering, namely, low-level, moderate-level, and high-level. Among the 484 diabetic patients, with a median follow-up of 13.7 years, a total of 211 deaths occurred. After adjusting for covariates, the individual vitamins had varying effects on the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients. Compared to the low-level group of co-exposure to multiple vitamins, the high-level group significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients, with a HR of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.87). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that high levels of co-exposure to multiple vitamins significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in males, individuals aged ≥ 60 years, and non-Hispanic White people with diabetes compared to the low-level group, with HR of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.98), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.98), and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.58) respectively. Conclusion While individual vitamins had different effects on the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, high-level co-exposure to multiple vitamins significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, with differences observed among genders, ages, and race. This suggests that when developing vitamin intervention strategies for patients with diabetes, consideration should be given not only to the dosage of individual vitamins but also to the variations between different population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of School Health, Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengqi Jiang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiatong Li
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Lianying Guo
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
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Ou Y, Qiu Z, Geng T, Lu Q, Li R, Li L, Zhu K, Chen X, Lin X, Liu S, Pan A, Liu G. Associations of serum vitamin C concentrations with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2555-2565. [PMID: 37195485 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Compared with people without diabetes, people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at higher risk of both subnormal vitamin C status and increased oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the associations of serum vitamin C concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with and without T2D. METHODS The current analysis included 20,045 adults (2691 people with T2D and 17,354 without T2D) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES 2003-2006. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic spline analyses were used to examine the dose-response relationship. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 17.3 years, 5211 deaths were documented. Individuals with T2D had a lower level of serum vitamin C concentrations compared with those without T2D (the median value: 40.1 vs. 44.9 μmol/L). Furthermore, the dose-response relationship between serum vitamin C and mortality showed different patterns between participants with and without T2D. In individuals without T2D, there was a nonlinear association of serum vitamin C concentrations with all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality, with the lowest risk around a serum vitamin C concentration of 48.0 μmol/L (all Poverall < 0.05, Pnonlinearity < 0.05). In contrast, among those with T2D in the similar concentration range, higher serum vitamin C levels (ranged from 0.46 to 116.26 μmol/L) were linearly associated with lower all-cause and cancer mortality (both Poverall < 0.05, Pnonlinearity > 0.05). Significant additive interaction was observed between diabetes status and serum vitamin C levels with regard to all-cause and cancer mortality (P < 0.001). In addition, C-reactive protein, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and HbA1c explained 14.08, 8.96, and 5.60% of the association between serum vitamin C and all-cause mortality among individuals with T2D, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum vitamin C concentrations were significantly associated with lower risk of mortality in participants with T2D in a linear dose-response manner, while a nonlinear association was observed in participants without T2D, with an apparent threshold around 48.0 μmol/L. These findings suggest that the optimal vitamin C requirement may differ in individuals with and without T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjing Ou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixin Qiu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhou L, Liu J, Zhou M. A comprehensive meta-analysis on the association between vitamin C intake and gestational diabetes mellitus: Insights and novel perspectives. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34740. [PMID: 37565861 PMCID: PMC10419659 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant health concern in pregnant women and their offspring. Although Vitamin C is known to play a role in maintaining normal physiological processes, its relationship with GDM has not been fully elucidated. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, analyzing data from 15 studies selected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to May 16, 2023. These studies were selected based on inclusion criteria such as study design, outcome of interest, exposure factor, and data extractability. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We assessed the heterogeneity between studies and conducted a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Data from 10,131 subjects, including 1304 diagnosed GDM cases, were analyzed. The meta-analysis showed that women in the low Vitamin C exposure group had higher odds of developing GDM (odds ratio 2.72, 95% CI:1.24-4.19). There was a greater likelihood of increased GDM risk with lower Vitamin C exposure (standardized mean difference: -0.71, 95% CI [-1.07 -0.36]). Subgroup analysis revealed that both internal and external Vitamin C exposure, along with exposure during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, was associated with higher GDM incidence rates under low Vitamin C exposure. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results, and no significant publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION Low Vitamin C exposure during pregnancy may increase the risk of GDM. Given these findings, it could be beneficial for pregnant women to increase their intake of Vitamin C-rich foods and to ensure adequate blood Vitamin C levels as a preventive measure against GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Junbo Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Nosratabadi S, Ashtary-Larky D, Hosseini F, Namkhah Z, Mohammadi S, Salamat S, Nadery M, Yarmand S, Zamani M, Wong A, Asbaghi O. The effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102824. [PMID: 37523928 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It has been suggested that taking vitamin C supplements may improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there has not been a thorough evaluation of the actual impact or certainty of the findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin C supplementation on glycemic profile in T2DM patients. METHODS A systematic search was performed across online databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed/Medline to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until July 2022. A random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis. RESULTS The present meta-analysis included a total of 22 RCTs with 1447 patients diagnosed with T2DM.A pooled analysis revealed a significant decrease in levels of serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in vitamin C-treated T2DM patients compared with their untreated counterparts. The dose-response evaluation displayed a substantial linear association between the intervention duration and changes in serum HbA1c levels. However, the analysis did not demonstrate any significant effect of vitamin C on serum values of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) in diabetic patients. Subgroup analyses indicated that high-dose vitamin C administration (≥1000 mg/d) considerably decreased serum HOMA-IR levels. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that long-term (≥12 weeks) and high-dose vitamin C supplementation (≥1000 mg/d) may ameliorate glycemic profile in T2DM patients. However, additional high-quality RCTs are necessary to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Nosratabadi
- Department of Nutrition, Electronic Health and Statistics Surveillance Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Namkhah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Shooka Mohammadi
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shekoufeh Salamat
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nadery
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
| | - Sazin Yarmand
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Nikrad N, Shakarami A, Tousi AZ, Farhangi MA, Ardekani AM, Jafarzadeh F. Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS), serum lipids, markers of glucose homeostasis, blood pressure and anthropometric features among apparently metabolically healthy obese adults in two metropolises of Iran (Tabriz and Tehran): a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:157. [PMID: 37479979 PMCID: PMC10360357 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01392-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with a variety of non-communicable diseases, including MetS, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease through increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairment of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Antioxidants can protect cells against free radical damage, so it seems important to determine the relationship between the quality of dietary antioxidants intake and chronic diseases. The Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS) is obtained by adding the daily intake of known dietary vitamins and minerals, including selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E, compared to the recommended daily intake (RDI). Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between DAQS, serum lipids, markers of glucose homeostasis, blood pressure and anthropometric features among obese adults. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, 338 individuals who were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 20-50 years were recruited from Tabriz and Tehran, Iran. A validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 168 food items was used to quantify dietary consumption; accordingly, DAQS was computed. Blood biomarkers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. A standard mercury sphygmomanometer was used to assess blood pressure, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed to determine body composition. The association between the DAQS tertiles and biochemical variables was investigated using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Participants in the highest tertile of DAQS have a lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values in all of the adjusted models [odds ratio (OR) = 0.920; confidence interval (CI)= 0.852-0.993, P-value = 0.03] in the analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) model. Similarly, subjects at the second tertile of DAQS had lower DBP compared with the first tertile in age and sex-adjusted model [OR= 0.937; CI= 0.882-0.997]. There was no statistically significant difference for other metabolic parameters in different DAQS tertiles. CONCLUSION According to our findings, higher DAQS was associated with lower DBP among obese adults with obesity in two major cities of Iran (Tehran and Tabriz). Other studies with interventional design are needed to better elucidate these associations and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Nikrad
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Shakarami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition in Community, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science, & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Faria Jafarzadeh
- Assistant Professor of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran.
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27
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Bae CS, Lee Y, Ahn T. Therapeutic treatments for diabetes mellitus-induced liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Appl Microsc 2023; 53:4. [PMID: 37428327 PMCID: PMC10333167 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-023-00089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that affects all systems in the body, including the liver. Numerous studies have reported that chronic DM etiology and pathogenesis complications implicate oxidative stress, generating reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anions and free radicals. In addition, pro-inflammatory reactions are also underlying functions closely related to oxidative stress that further exacerbate pathological DM states. The liver is especially susceptible to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and the related inflammation. Thus, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation therapies are promising strategies for treating liver damage. This review summarizes therapeutic treatments attenuating the generation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammation, which also cause DM-induced liver injury. Although the treatments have several impediments to be solved, these remedies may have clinically important implications under the absence of effective drugs for the damaged liver in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngchan Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Wang P, Jiang X, Tan Q, Du S, Shi D. Meal timing of dietary total antioxidant capacity and its association with all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality: the US national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999-2018. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:83. [PMID: 37420213 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of the meal timing of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DAC) with mortality is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between the meal timing of DAC and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in general adult populations. METHODS A total of 56,066 adults who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were recruited for this study. Dietary intake (quantity and timing) was evaluated by nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The main exposure variables were the DAC across three meals (total, breakfast, lunch, and dinner; without coffee) and the difference between dinner and breakfast DAC (Δ = dinner-breakfast; without coffee). The outcomes were all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. The adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] and 95% confidence intervals [CI] were imputed by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Among the 56,066 participants, there were 8566 deaths from any cause, including 2196 from CVD and 1984 from cancer causes. Compared to participants in the lowest quintiles of the total DAC, those in the highest quintiles had 34% and 27% decreased risks of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively (all-cause mortality: aHRs 0.66 [95% CI 0.57-0.76]; CVD mortality: aHRs 0.73 [95% CI 0.57-0.94]). More importantly, participants in the highest quintiles of the dinner DAC, but not those in that of breakfast or lunch, had a 24% decrease in all-cause mortality (aHRs 0.76 [95% CI 0.67-0.87]) compared with those in the lowest quintiles. Inverse associations were further confirmed for Δ DAC (aHRs 0.84 [95% CI 0.74-0.96]). Above associations did not change when including DAC from snacks or tea. Mediation analysis showed that the total associations of total, dinner or Δ DACs with reduced all-cause mortality were 24%, 13% and 6%, respectively, mediated by serum CRP. Additionally, all-cause mortality was decreased by 7% in models replacing 10% breakfast DAC (aHRs 0.93 [95% CI 0.9-0.97]) with an equivalent proportion of dinner DAC. For cancer mortality, no statistical significance was detected in the adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the putative beneficial relationship of a diet rich in antioxidants and meal timing on serum CRP and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xuye Jiang
- Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qilong Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Research Centre for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Farias-Pereira R, Zuk JB, Khavaran H. Plant bioactive compounds from Mediterranean diet improve risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:403-423. [PMID: 37415346 PMCID: PMC10399461 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2232949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean (Med) dietary pattern consists of moderate or high consumption of foods that are linked to reduced risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). This comprehensive review evaluates studies on Med diet-representative foods and beverages, such as red wine and olive oil, to understand the inverse associations of Med diet and MetS. The intake of dietary fibre, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and polyphenols - including flavonoids and stilbenes - help to explain the benefits of Med diet on abdominal adiposity, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidaemia, and high blood pressure to some extent. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols as well as the effects of unsaturated fatty acids on lipid metabolism are part of the underlying mechanisms. Overall, this review shows that dietary interventions using Med diet components improve MetS health markers in humans and/or rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renalison Farias-Pereira
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Joshua B. Zuk
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Hannah Khavaran
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Tuell DS, Los EA, Ford GA, Stone WL. The Role of Natural Antioxidant Products That Optimize Redox Status in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1139. [PMID: 37371869 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes is rapidly increasing, particularly in children, adolescents, and young adults. Oxidative stress (OxS) has emerged as a likely initiating factor in T2D. Natural antioxidant products may act to slow or prevent T2D by multiple mechanisms, i.e., (1) reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, (2) preventing the damaging effects of lipid peroxidation, and (3) acting as essential cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. Natural antioxidant products should also be evaluated in the context of the complex physiological processes that modulate T2D-OxS such as glycemic control, postprandial OxS, the polyol pathway, high-calorie, high-fat diets, exercise, and sleep. Minimizing processes that induce chronic damaging OxS and maximizing the intake of natural antioxidant products may provide a means of preventing or slowing T2D progression. This "optimal redox" (OptRedox) approach also provides a framework in which to discuss the potential benefits of natural antioxidant products such as vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, selenium, and manganese. Although there is a consensus that early effective intervention is critical for preventing or reversing T2D progression, most research has focused on adults. It is critical, therefore, that future research include pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn S Tuell
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Evan A Los
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - George A Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - William L Stone
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Kaplan RC, Williams-Nguyen JS, Huang Y, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Yu B, Boerwinkle E, Gellman MD, Daviglus M, Chilcoat A, Van Horn L, Faurot K, Qi Q, Greenlee H. Identification of Dietary Supplements Associated with Blood Metabolites in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Cohort Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:1483-1492. [PMID: 36822396 PMCID: PMC10356961 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics approaches have been widely used to define the consumption of foods but have less often been used to study exposure to dietary supplements. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify dietary supplements associated with metabolite levels and to examine whether these metabolites predicted incident diabetes risk. METHODS We studied 3972 participants from a prospective cohort study of 18-74-y-old Hispanic/Latino adults. At a baseline examination, we ascertained use of dietary supplements using recall methods and concurrently, a serum metabolomic panel. After adjustment for potential confounders, we identified dietary supplements associated with metabolites. We then examined the association of these metabolites with incident diabetes at the 6-y study examination. RESULTS We observed a total of 110 dietary supplement-metabolite associations that met the criteria for statistical significance adjusted for age, sex, field center, Hispanic/Latino background, body mass index, diet, smoking, physical activity, and number of medications (adjusted P < 0.05). This included 13 metabolites uniquely associated with only one dietary supplement ingredient. Vitamin C had the most associated metabolites (n = 15), including positive associations with oxalate, tartronate, threonate, and isocitrate, which were each in turn protective for the risk of incident diabetes. Vitamin C was also associated with higher N-acetylvaline level, which was an unfavorable diabetes risk factor. Other findings related to branched chain amino acid related compounds including α-hydroxyisovalerate and 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate, which were inversely associated with thiamine or riboflavin intake and also predicted higher diabetes risk. Vitamin B12 had an inverse association with γ-glutamylvaline, levels of which were positively associated with the risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Our data point to potential metabolite changes associated with vitamin C and B vitamins, which may have favorable metabolic effects. Knowledge of blood metabolites that can be modified by dietary supplement intake may aid understanding the health effects of dietary supplements and identify potential biological mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Yuhan Huang
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marc D Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aisha Chilcoat
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kim Faurot
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Heather Greenlee
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050994. [PMID: 37237860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have failed to provide sufficient evidence regarding the benefits of antioxidants (AOXs) in treating this disease. Based on the known complexity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) functions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, it is suggested that inappropriate dosing leads to the failure of AOXs in T2D treatment. To support this hypothesis, the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of T2D is described, together with a summary of the evidence for the failure of AOXs in the management of diabetes. A comparison of preclinical and clinical studies indicates that suboptimal dosing of AOXs might explain the lack of benefits of AOXs. Conversely, the possibility that glycemic control might be adversely affected by excess AOXs is also considered, based on the role of ROS in insulin signaling. We suggest that AOX therapy should be given in a personalized manner according to the need, which is the presence and severity of oxidative stress. With the development of gold-standard biomarkers for oxidative stress, optimization of AOX therapy may be achieved to maximize the therapeutic potential of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adison School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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Sun H, Weaver CM. Trends in Diet Quality and Increasing Inadequacies of Micronutrients Vitamin C, Vitamin B12, Iron and Potassium in US Type 2 Diabetic Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081980. [PMID: 37111200 PMCID: PMC10142510 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of diabetes was high and rose significantly in the US between 1999 and 2018. A healthy dietary pattern that provides micronutrient adequacy is one of the most important lifestyle choices for battling the progress of diabetes. Yet, the patterns and trends of diet quality of the US type 2 diabetes are understudied. OBJECTIVES We aim to examine the patterns and trends of diet quality and major food sources of macronutrients of US type 2 diabetic adults. METHODS The 24 h dietary recalls of 7789 type 2 diabetic adults, comprising 94.3% of total adults with diabetes from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (1999-2018), were analyzed. Diet quality was measured by the total Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores and 13 individual components. Trends of usual intakes of vitamin C (VC), vitamin B12 (VB12), iron, and potassium and supplements from two 24 h recalls were also examined for type 2 diabetic population. RESULTS Diet quality of type 2 diabetic adults worsened between 1999 and 2018 while that of US adults of general population improved based on the total HEI 2015 scores. For people with type 2 diabetes, consumption of saturated fat and added sugar increased while consumption of vegetables and fruits declined significantly, although consumption of refined grain declined and consumption of seafood and plant protein increased significantly. In addition, usual intakes of micronutrients VC, VB12, iron, and potassium from food sources declined significantly during this period. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality generally worsened for US type 2 diabetic adults between 1999 and 2018. Declining consumptions of fruits, vegetables, and non-poultry meat may have contributed to the increasing inadequacies of VC, VB12, iron, and potassium in the US type 2 diabetic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Sun
- Department of Earth and Chemical Sciences, Rider University, 2083 Lawrenceville Road, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Connie M Weaver
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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Musazadeh V, Kavyani Z, Mirhosseini N, Dehghan P, Vajdi M. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on type 2 diabetes biomarkers: an umbrella of interventional meta-analyses. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:76. [PMID: 37072813 PMCID: PMC10114333 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D supplementation exerts several supporting effects on improving glycemic status, however, results are inconclusive. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to conduct an umbrella of meta-analysis regarding the impact of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) biomarkers. METHODS The Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar online databases were searched up to March 2022. All meta-analyses evaluating the impact of vitamin D supplementation on T2DM biomarkers were considered eligible. Overall, 37 meta-analyses were included in this umbrella meta-analysis. RESULTS Our findings indicated that vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD = - 3.08; 95% CI: - 3.97, - 2.19, p < 0.001, and SMD = - 0.26; 95% CI: - 0.38, - 0.14, p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD = - 0.05; 95% CI: - 0.10, - 0.01, p = 0.016, and SMD = - 0.16; 95% CI: - 0.27, - 0.05, p = 0.004), insulin concentrations (WMD = - 2.62; 95% CI: - 4.11, - 1.13; p < 0.001, and SMD = - 0.33; 95% CI: - 0.56, - 0.11, p = 0.004), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = - 0.67; 95% CI: - 1.01, - 0.32, p < 0.001, and SMD = - 0.31; 95% CI: - 0.46, - 0.16, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This umbrella meta-analysis proposed that vitamin D supplementation may improve T2DM biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeynab Kavyani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Dehghan
- Associate of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Pant T, Uche N, Juric M, Bosnjak ZJ. Clinical Relevance of lncRNA and Mitochondrial Targeted Antioxidants as Therapeutic Options in Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function in Vascular Complications of Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040898. [PMID: 37107272 PMCID: PMC10135521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic imbalances and persistent hyperglycemia are widely recognized as driving forces for augmented cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetes mellitus (DM), fostering the development of vascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, specific therapeutic approaches capable of modulating oxidative milieu may provide a preventative and/or therapeutic benefit against the development of cardiovascular complications in diabetes patients. Recent studies have demonstrated epigenetic alterations in circulating and tissue-specific long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signatures in vascular complications of DM regulating mitochondrial function under oxidative stress. Intriguingly, over the past decade mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for managing oxidative stress-induced diseases. Here, we review the present status of lncRNA as a diagnostic biomarker and potential regulator of oxidative stress in vascular complications of DM. We also discuss the recent advances in using MTAs in different animal models and clinical trials. We summarize the prospects and challenges for the use of MTAs in treating vascular diseases and their application in translation medicine, which may be beneficial in MTA drug design development, and their application in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Nnamdi Uche
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Zeljko J Bosnjak
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Naringenin Attenuates Isoprenaline-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Suppressing Oxidative Stress through the AMPK/NOX2/MAPK Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061340. [PMID: 36986070 PMCID: PMC10056776 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is accompanied by increased myocardial oxidative stress, and whether naringenin, a natural antioxidant, is effective in the therapy of cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. In the present study, different dosage regimens (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/d for three weeks) of naringenin (NAR) were orally gavaged in an isoprenaline (ISO) (7.5mg/kg)-induced cardiac hypertrophic C57BL/6J mouse model. The administration of ISO led to significant cardiac hypertrophy, which was alleviated by pretreatment with naringenin in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Naringenin inhibited ISO-induced oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the increased SOD activity, decreased MDA level and NOX2 expression, and inhibited MAPK signaling. Meanwhile, after the pretreatment with compound C (a selective AMPK inhibitor), the anti-hypertrophic and anti-oxidative stress effects of naringenin were blocked, suggesting the protective effect of naringenin on cardiac hypertrophy. Our present study indicated that naringenin attenuated ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the AMPK/NOX2/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Lunt H, Carr AC, Heenan HF, Vlasiuk E, Zawari M, Prickett T, Frampton C. People with diabetes and hypovitaminosis C fail to conserve urinary vitamin C. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2023; 31:100316. [PMID: 36873955 PMCID: PMC9982671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2023.100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypovitaminosis C has negative health consequences. People with diabetes and hypovitaminosis C may fail to conserve vitamin C in the urine, thereby displaying evidence of inappropriate renal leak of vitamin C. This study describes the relationship between plasma and urinary vitamin C in diabetes, with a focus on the clinical characteristics of participants with renal leak. Methods Retrospective analysis of paired, non-fasting plasma and urine vitamin C, and also clinical characteristics, from participants with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, recruited from a secondary care diabetes clinic. Plasma vitamin C thresholds for renal leak have been defined previously as 38.1 µmol/L for men and 43.2 µmol/L for women. Results Statistically significant differences in clinical characteristics were seen between those with; i) renal leak (N = 77) and; ii) hypovitaminosis C but no renal leak (N = 13) and; iii) normal plasma vitamin C levels (n = 34). Compared to participants with adequate plasma vitamin C levels, participants with renal leak tended to have type 2 (rather than type 1) diabetes, a lower eGFR and a higher HbA1c. Conclusion In the diabetes population studied, renal leak of vitamin C was common. In some participants, it may have contributed to hypovitaminosis C.
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Key Words
- BMI, Body mass index, eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
- Diabetes
- Diabetic nephropathy
- HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin, HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography
- MET, Minimal elimination threshold, SGLT2, sodium glucose cotransporter 2
- Nutritional and metabolic diseases
- Physiopathology
- T1 diabetes, Type 1 diabetes, T2 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes
- Urine
- Vitamin C deficiency
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Lunt
- Diabetes Outpatients, Te Whatu Ora Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Anitra C Carr
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Helen F Heenan
- Diabetes Outpatients, Te Whatu Ora Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Emma Vlasiuk
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Masuma Zawari
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Tim Prickett
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Chris Frampton
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch. 2 Riccarton Ave, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
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Xia J, Yu J, Xu H, Zhou Y, Li H, Yin S, Xu D, Wang Y, Xia H, Liao W, Wang S, Sun G. Comparative effects of vitamin and mineral supplements in the management of type 2 diabetes in primary care: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106647. [PMID: 36638933 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Medical nutrition treatment can manage diabetes and slow or prevent its complications. The comparative effects of micronutrient supplements, however, have not yet been well established. We aimed at evaluating the comparative effects of vitamin and mineral supplements on managing glycemic control and lipid metabolism for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to inform clinical practice. Electronic and hand searches for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were performed until June 1, 2022. We selected RCTs enrolling patients with T2DM who were treated with vitamin supplements, mineral supplements, or placebo/no treatment. Data were pooled via frequentist random-effects network meta-analyses. A total of 170 eligible trials and 14223 participants were included. Low to very low certainty evidence established chromium supplements as the most effective in reducing fasting blood glucose levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (SUCRAs: 90.4% and 78.3%, respectively). Vitamin K supplements ranked best in reducing glycated hemoglobin A1c and fasting insulin levels (SUCRAs: 97.0% and 82.3%, respectively), with moderate to very low certainty evidence. Vanadium supplements ranked best in lowering total cholesterol levels with very low evidence certainty (SUCRAs:100%). Niacin supplements ranked best in triglyceride reductions and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with low to very low evidence certainty (SUCRAs:93.7% and 94.6%, respectively). Vitamin E supplements ranked best in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with very low evidence certainty (SUCRAs:80.0%). Our analyses indicated that micronutrient supplements, especially chromium, vitamin E, vitamin K, vanadium, and niacin supplements, may be more efficacious in managing T2DM than other micronutrients. Considering the clinical importance of these findings, new research is needed to get better insight into this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dengfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Wang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, P.R. China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, P.R. China.
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Subclinical Vitamin C Plasma Levels Associated with Increased Risk of CAD Diagnosis via Inflammation: Results from the NHANES 2003-2006 Surveys. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030584. [PMID: 36771290 PMCID: PMC9921505 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C remains an important, yet frequently unassessed, component of a healthy immune system though it may prove useful in alleviating the chronic inflammatory processes underlying chronic diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent research identified a sizeable proportion of the United States population with insufficient vitamin C plasma levels and significant associations to both acute and chronic inflammation. This cross-sectional study used the 2003-2006 NHANES surveys data to extrapolate associations between plasma vitamin C levels (deficiency, hypovitaminosis, inadequate, adequate, and saturating) and CAD through inflammation (C-reactive protein and red cell distribution width). Increased reports of CAD diagnosis were identified in participants with vitamin C deficiency (OR: 2.31, CI: 1.49-3.58) and inadequate plasma levels (OR: 1.39, CI: 1.03-1.87). No significant correlation was identified between any other plasma vitamin C quintiles and CAD. When inflammation was controlled, previous associations in the deficient level of plasma vitamin C were no longer significant in association with CAD and participants with inadequate plasma vitamin C showed a reduced association to CAD diagnoses (OR: 0.33, CI: 0.13-0.86). Most chronic inflammation and vitamin C plasma statuses do not demonstrate specific signs or symptoms until the deficient level of vitamin C and/or disease. Thus, increased surveillance of both, and healthy nutritional habits remain crucial modifiable risk factors for disease prevention.
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Mason SA, Parker L, van der Pligt P, Wadley GD. Vitamin C supplementation for diabetes management: A comprehensive narrative review. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:255-283. [PMID: 36526243 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that vitamin C supplementation may be an effective adjunct therapy in the management of people with diabetes. This paper critically reviews the current evidence on effects of vitamin C supplementation and its potential mechanisms in diabetes management. Evidence from meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) show favourable effects of vitamin C on glycaemic control and blood pressure that may be clinically meaningful, and mixed effects on blood lipids and endothelial function. However, evidence is mostly of low evidence certainty. Emerging evidence is promising for effects of vitamin C supplementation on some diabetes complications, particularly diabetic foot ulcers. However, there is a notable lack of robust and well-designed studies exploring effects of vitamin C as a single compound supplement on diabetes prevention and patient-important outcomes (i.e. prevention and amelioration of diabetes complications). RCTs are also required to investigate potential preventative or ameliorative effects of vitamin C on gestational diabetes outcomes. Oral vitamin C doses of 500-1000 mg per day are potentially effective, safe, and affordable for many individuals with diabetes. However, personalisation of supplementation regimens that consider factors such as vitamin C status, disease status, current glycaemic control, vitamin C intake, redox status, and genotype is important to optimize vitamin C's therapeutic effects safely. Finally, given a high prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in patients with complications, it is recommended that plasma vitamin C concentration be measured and monitored in the clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun A Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Paige van der Pligt
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Western Health, Footscray, Australia
| | - Glenn D Wadley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Fatima MT, Bhat AA, Nisar S, Fakhro KA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS. The role of dietary antioxidants in type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders: An assessment of the benefit profile. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12698. [PMID: 36632095 PMCID: PMC9826852 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy diet is vital to cellular health. The human body succumbs to numerous diseases which afflict severe economic and psychological burdens on the patient and family. Oxidative stress is a possible crucial regulator of various pathologies, including type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. It generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger the dysregulation of essential cellular functions, ultimately affecting cellular health and homeostasis. However, lower levels of ROS can be advantageous and are implicated in a variety of signaling pathways. Due to this dichotomy, the terms oxidative "eustress," which refers to a good oxidative event, and "distress," which can be hazardous, have developed. ROS affects multiple signaling pathways, leading to compromised insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction in diabetes. ROS is also associated with increased mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation, aggravating neurodegenerative conditions in the body, particularly with age. Treatment includes drugs/therapies often associated with dependence, side effects including non-selectivity, and possible toxicity, particularly in the long run. It is imperative to explore alternative medicines as an adjunct therapy, utilizing natural remedies/resources to avoid all the possible harms. Antioxidants are vital components of our body that fight disease by reducing oxidative stress or nullifying the excess toxic free radicals produced under various pathological conditions. In this review, we focus on the antioxidant effects of components of dietary foods such as tea, coffee, wine, oils, and honey and the role and mechanism of action of these antioxidants in alleviating type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. We aim to provide information about possible alternatives to drug treatments used alone or combined to reduce drug intake and encourage the consumption of natural ingredients at doses adequate to promote health and combat pathologies while reducing unwanted risks and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Tamkeen Fatima
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz Ahmed Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Adnan Fakhro
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar,Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira Sarah Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Corresponding author.
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Wronka M, Krzemińska J, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. The Influence of Lifestyle and Treatment on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415743. [PMID: 36555387 PMCID: PMC9778895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is considered a new pandemic of the modern world, and the number of sufferers is steadily increasing. Sustained hyperglycemia promotes the production of free radicals and leads to persistent, low-grade inflammation. Oxidative stress causes mitochondrial destruction, which along with activation of the hexosamine pathway, nuclear factor-κB (Nf-κb), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), c-jun NH2 terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) or toll-like receptors (TLRs), leads to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. However, there is also the protective mechanism that counteracts oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes, mitophagy, which is a mitochondrial autophagy. An important part of the strategy to control diabetes is to lead a healthy lifestyle based on, among other things, regular physical activity, giving up smoking, eating a balanced diet containing ingredients with antioxidant potential, including vegetables and fruits, and using hypoglycemic pharmacotherapy. Tobacco smoke is a recognized modifiable risk factor for many diseases including diabetes, and it has been shown that the risk of the disease increases in proportion to the intensity of smoking. Physical activity as another component of therapy can effectively reduce glucose fluctuations, and high intensity interval exercise appears to have the most beneficial effect. A proper diet not only increases cellular sensitivity to insulin, but is also able to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. Pharmacotherapy for diabetes can also affect oxidative stress and inflammation. Some oral drugs, such as metformin, pioglitazone, vildagliptin, liraglutide, and exenatide, cause a reduction in markers of oxidative stress and/or inflammation, while the new drug Imeglimin reverses pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. In studies of sitagliptin, vildagliptin and exenatide, beneficial effects on oxidative stress and inflammation were achieved by, among other things, reducing glycemic excursions. For insulin therapy, no corresponding correlation was observed. Insulin did not reduce oxidative stress parameters. There was no correlation between glucose variability and oxidative stress in patients on insulin therapy. The data used in this study were obtained by searching PubMed online databases, taking into account recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wronka
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Krzemińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(042)-6393750
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Huang R, Song L, Zhao J, Lei Y, Li T. Differential influences of serum vitamin C on blood pressure based on age and sex in normotensive individuals. Front Nutr 2022; 9:986808. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.986808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AimHypertension is among the most prevalent chronic diseases with diverse etiology, affecting over 1 billion people globally. In numerous studies, vitamin C inversely correlated with blood pressure and was suspected to have antihypertensive properties. Currently, there is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between vitamin C and blood pressure, with most studies being conducted on hypertensive subjects. The principal objective of this project was to investigate the relationship between vitamin C and blood pressure in normotensive adult subjects.MethodsA total of 2,533 individuals aged 20 years and above were enrolled in the present study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Outcome variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Serum vitamin C was regarded as an independent variable. EmpowerStats software and R (version 3.4.3) were used to examine the association between vitamin C and SBP or DBP.ResultsVitamin C was reversely correlated with both SBP (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.03 to −0.00, p = 0.0306) and DBP (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.04 to −0.01, p = <0.0011) after adjusting all covariates. This reverse relationship may be affected by a number of factors, including a person’s gender, age, race, and ethnicity. A U-shaped association between vitamin C and SBP in females and an inverted one between vitamin C and DBP in males were detected, respectively. We further calculated the inflection points at 90.3 μmol/L for females and 40 μmol/L for males. It is somewhat surprising that a reverse U-shaped distribution between vitamin C and SBP and DBP in people over 50 was detected, and the point of inflection of vitamin C were all located at 40 μmol/L.ConclusionVitamin C was negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP in this cross-sectional analysis. However, a U-shaped relationship and an inverted one were also observed in certain people, which implied that, though vitamin C is considered a vital antioxidant, maintaining vitamin C at appropriate levels may be beneficial according to different populations.
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J-Shaped Association of Tomato Intake with New-Onset Hypertension in General Adults: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224813. [PMID: 36432500 PMCID: PMC9696212 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to examine the prospective association between the intake of dietary tomatoes and the risk of new-onset hypertension and its modifiable factors in general adults. A total of 11,460 adults without hypertension from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were enrolled, with follow-up beginning in 1997 and ending in 2015. Dietary tomato intake was measured by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. The study outcome was new-onset hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or diagnosed by physicians or under anti-hypertensive treatment during the follow-up. Finally, 4015 subjects developed new-onset hypertension during 92,335.5 person-years of follow-up. After multivariate adjustment for dietary and non-dietary risk factors, hazard ratios for increased consumption of dietary tomatoes were 0.42 (95% confidence interval, 0.37−0.47), 0.51 (0.46−0.57), and 0.82 (0.74−0.92) compared with non-consumers. Overall, cubic spline regression suggested a novel J-shaped association between dietary tomato intake and new-onset hypertension, with the lowest risk observed at approximately 10 to 13 g/day (p < 0.001 for curvature). Moreover, the association between dietary tomato intake and risk of new-onset hypertension was stronger in females or individuals who refrained from smoking or drinking (p = 0.024, p = 0.043, and p = 0.044 for interaction, respectively).
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Dludla PV, Nkambule BB, Nyambuya TM, Ziqubu K, Mabhida SE, Mxinwa V, Mokgalaboni K, Ndevahoma F, Hanser S, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Basson AK, Sabbatinelli J, Tiano L. Vitamin C intake potentially lowers total cholesterol to improve endothelial function in diabetic patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1011002. [PMID: 36386907 PMCID: PMC9659906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1011002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin C is one of the most consumed dietary compounds and contains abundant antioxidant properties that could be essential in improving metabolic function. Thus, the current systematic review analyzed evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related outcomes in patients with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. METHODS To identify relevant randomized control trials (RCTs), a systematic search was run using prominent search engines like PubMed and Google Scholar, from beginning up to March 2022. The modified Black and Downs checklist was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS Findings summarized in the current review favor the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on improving basic metabolic parameters and lowering total cholesterol levels to reduce CVD-risk in subjects with type 2 diabetes or related metabolic diseases. Moreover, vitamin C intake could also reduce the predominant markers of inflammation and oxidative stress like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and malondialdehyde. Importantly, these positive outcomes were consistent with improved endothelial function or increased blood flow in these subjects. Predominantly effective doses were 1,000 mg/daily for 4 weeks up to 12 months. The included RCTs presented with the high quality of evidence. CONCLUSION Clinical evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake or its impact on improving prominent markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes is still limited. Thus, more RCTs are required to solidify these findings, which is essential to better manage diabetic patients at increased risk of developing CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M. Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Sihle E. Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Vuyolwethu Mxinwa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kabelo Mokgalaboni
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa
| | - Fransina Ndevahoma
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | | | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Liang Y, Zhao D, Ji Q, Liu M, Dai S, Hou S, Liu Z, Mao Y, Tian Z, Yang Y. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on glycemic control: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 52:101602. [PMID: 35958521 PMCID: PMC9358422 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous reviews reported that the effects of CoQ10 on glycemic control were inconsistent. There is no review exploring the optimal intake of CoQ10 for glycemic control. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of CoQ10 on glycemic control and evaluate the dose-response relationship via integrating the existing evidence from randomized control trials (RCTs). Methods Databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched to identify RCTs for investigating the efficacy of CoQ10 on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR up to March 12, 2022. We performed a meta-analysis on 40 RCTs of CoQ10. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for net changes. Evidence certainty was assessed using GRADE. Dose-response relationships were evaluated using 1-stage restricted cubic spline regression model. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021252933). Findings Forty studies (n = 2,424 participants) were included in this meta-analysis. CoQ10 significantly reduced fasting glucose (WMD: -5.22 [95% CI: -8.33, -2.11] mg/dl; P <0.001; I2 =95.10%), fasting insulin (-1.32 [-2.06, -0.58] μIU/ml; P < 0.001; I2 =78.86%), HbA1c (-0.12% [-0.23, -0.01]; P =0.04; I2 =49.10%), and HOMA-IR (-0.69 [-1.00, -0.38]; P <0.001; I2 =88.80%). The effect of CoQ10 on outcomes was greater in diabetes with lower heterogeneity. A "U" shape dose-response relationship curve revealed that 100-200 mg/day of CoQ10 largely decreased fasting glucose (χ 2 = 12.08, P nonlinearity =0.002), fasting insulin (χ 2 = 9.73, P nonlinearity =0.008), HbA1c (χ 2 = 6.00, P nonlinearity =0.049), HOMA-IR (χ 2 = 25.89, P nonlinearity <0.001). Interpretation CoQ10 supplementation has beneficial effects on glycemic control, especially in diabetes, and 100-200 mg/day of CoQ10 could achieve the greatest benefit, which could provide a basis for the dietary guidelines of CoQ10 in patients with glycemic disorders. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82030098, 81872617 and 81730090), Shenzhen Science, Technology, and Innovation Commission (No. JCYJ20180307153228190), CNS Research Fund for DRI, and National innovation and entrepreneurship training program for undergraduate student (No. 202210558161).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiuhua Ji
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meitong Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Suming Dai
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Hou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuheng Mao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zezhong Tian
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- China-DRIs Expert Committee, Beijing 100000, China
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Decreasing Vitamin C Intake, Low Serum Vitamin C Level and Risk for US Adults with Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193902. [PMID: 36235555 PMCID: PMC9573084 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC) intakes, serum VC, fasting plasma glucose, and A1c levels of 25,206 adult men and 26,944 adult women with 6807 type 2 and 428 type 1 diabetes from the NHANES database between 1999 and 2018 were analyzed. Our hypothesis is that low VC intake and serum VC level may be a health risk for US adults with diabetes. Analyses revealed total VC intake below the estimated average requirement (EAR) increased from 38.1% to 46.5% between 1999–2018. VC intake and serum VC levels were inversely associated with markers of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes, namely, fasting plasma glucose and A1c levels. Risks of type 2 diabetes increased in adults with VC intake below the EAR and with no VC supplement (odds ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.1–1.3 and 1.28, 95% CI 1.18–1.40, respectively). Median survivor years of diabetic adults with lower and deficient serum VC were shorter than that of diabetic adults with normal serum VC. Mortality risks of type 2 diabetes with low VC intake and/or deficient serum VC levels were elevated compared to those with adequate VC intake and normal serum VC (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.49 and 1.84, 95% CI 1.10–3.08, respectively). Observation of declining VC intake and deleterious consequences of low serum VC in US adults with diabetes suggests encouragement of VC intake, including VC supplementation of 500–1000 mg/day, may be beneficial for pre-diabetic and diabetic US adults.
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Kazemi A, Ryul Shim S, Jamali N, Hassanzadeh-Rostami Z, Soltani S, Sasani N, Mohsenpour MA, Firoozi D, Basirat R, Hosseini R, Clark CCT, Babajafari S, Soltanmohammadi M. Comparison of nutritional supplements for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 191:110037. [PMID: 35963372 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Direct and indirect evidence were combined in this systematic-review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and compare the effect of nutritional supplements on glycemic control, and rank the supplements accordingly. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to April 2021. We included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effect of vitamins D, C, and E, magnesium, zinc, calcium, selenium, and omega-3 on at least one glycemic marker, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA-B, and insulin, in adults with type 2 diabetes. To estimate effectiveness of supplements, a random-effects NMA in the Bayesian framework was applied. To assess risk of bias, Cochrane Collaboration Tool was used. RESULTS Analysis of 178 studies indicated that zinc, vitamin D, omega-3, vitamin C, and vitamin E were effective in reducing HbA1c with low certainty. For reduction of FBS, zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin C, and for HOMA-IR, vitamin D were effective with low certainty. None of the supplements were effective in the reduction of insulin and HOMA-B with low certainty. After excluding poor-quality studies, only vitamin D was significantly effective in reducing all of the markers. Consistently, when the analysis was restricted to studies with a duration of ≥12-weeks, vitamin D reduced HbA1c, FBS, and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation was more effective compared to other supplements in improving HbA1c, FBS, and HOMA-IR, albeit with low certainty of evidence. This result was confirmed by low-risk of bias studies. REGISTRATION CRD42021240691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sung Ryul Shim
- Department of Health and Medical Informatics, Kyungnam University College of Health Sciences, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Navid Jamali
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassanzadeh-Rostami
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz Univrsity of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Noncommunicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sasani
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz Univrsity of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Donya Firoozi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reyhane Basirat
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz Univrsity of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz Univrsity of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Soltanmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Lundy C, Fessler SN, Johnston CS. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility is not linked to vitamin C nutriture in adults with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:954010. [PMID: 36034913 PMCID: PMC9412951 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.954010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrocyte fragility is amplified by oxidative stress and linked to diabetes-specific microvascular disease. Vitamin C supplementation improves glycemic indices in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by improving antioxidant status. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between vitamin C status and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in adults with or without T2D. Participants provided a fasting blood sample for erythrocyte osmotic fragility testing as a function of hypotonic NaCl concentrations. Additionally, plasma was stabilized with metaphosphoric acid prior to vitamin C analysis using isocratic reverse-phase UV-HPLC separation. Participants were grouped as diagnosed T2D (n = 14; 36% female; 55.5 ± 8.2 y; 31.5 ± 9.0 kg/m2; HbA1c: 7.4 ± 1.9%; plasma vitamin C: 36.0 ± 12.2 μM) or no diabetes (n = 16; 69% female; 38.7 ± 13.5 y; 26.8 ± 6.6 kg/m2; HbA1c: 5.4 ± 0.3%; plasma vitamin C: 34.8 ± 10.9 μM). Participant characteristics differed between groups only for age and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; p < 0.05). All hemolysis parameters were in normal ranges for the participants with T2D, and no significant differences in hemolysis parameters were noted between those with or without T2D. However, among participants with T2D, the NaCl concentration eliciting 50% hemolysis was higher for those with low (<7%) vs. high (>7%) HbA1c values (p = 0.037) indicating a slightly higher erythrocyte fragility in the former group. Vitamin C status did not impact any of the hemolysis parameters in adults with or without T2D. Thus, erythrocyte fragility was not elevated in T2D, and vitamin C nutriture was not related to erythrocyte fragility in adults with well-controlled T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Lundy
- Nutrition Program, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Samantha N Fessler
- Nutrition Program, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Carol S Johnston
- Nutrition Program, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Ren J, Liang J, Wang J, Yin B, Zhang F, Li X, Zhu S, Tian H, Cui Q, Song J, Liu G, Ling W, Ma Y. Vascular benefits of vitamin C supplementation against fine particulate air pollution in healthy adults: A double-blind randomised crossover trial. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113735. [PMID: 35689890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence on the health benefits of vitamin C supplementation in highly polluted areas has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate whether dietary vitamin C supplementation can improve vascular health linked to particulate matter (PM) exposure. A randomised double-blind crossover trial involving 58 health young adults was performed in Shijiazhuang, China in 2018. All subjects were randomly assigned to the vitamin C supplementation group (2000 mg/d) or placebo group for a week alternating with a 2 week washout period. Fifteen circulating biomarkers were measured. Linear mixed-effect model was applied to evaluate the effect of vitamin C supplementation on health outcomes. The average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 164.91 and 327.05 μg/m3, respectively. Vitamin C supplementation was significantly associated with a 19.47% decrease in interleukin-6 (IL-6), 17.30% decrease in tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), 34.01% decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP), 3.37% decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 6.03% decrease in pulse pressure (PP). Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly increased by 7.15%. Sex-subgroup analysis showed that vitamin C significantly reduced TNF-α by 27.85% in male participants and significantly increased APOB by 6.28% and GSH-Px by 14.47% only in female participants. This study indicated that vitamin C supplementation may protect vascular vessels against PM exposure among healthy young adults in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jufeng Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Bowen Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qiqi Cui
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jianshi Song
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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