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Chinyanga E, Britwum K, Gustafson CR, Bernard JC. Did COVID-19 influence fruit and vegetable consumption? Explaining and comparing pandemic peak and post-peak periods. Appetite 2024; 201:107574. [PMID: 38909696 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, one of the worst global health crises in the last century, impacted nearly every aspect of people's lives, including their dietary choices and food consumption patterns. It arrived during a long shift in American diets featuring increasingly large portions of processed foods as well as fruit and vegetable consumption that is well below recommended levels. Improving the latter has been a key part of policymakers' efforts to improve consumers' diets. This study surveyed individuals in the US South to determine the factors influencing their consumption of fruit and vegetables during the pandemic peak and how these have changed post-peak. During the peak, food venue, demographics, and concerns about diet and the seriousness of the virus heavily affected consumption. Greater amounts of fresh fruit and vegetables were consumed post-peak pandemic. Changes post-peak were predicted by food venue. Cooking meals at home was the main positive predictor for consumption. US policymakers should try and leverage the changes since the peak to promote greater consumption of fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckton Chinyanga
- The Labry School of Science, Technology, and Business, Cumberland University, Lebanon, TN, USA.
| | - Kofi Britwum
- Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | | | - John C Bernard
- Department of Applied Economics and Statistics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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2
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Trandafir AV, Lotrean LM. Assessing through a longitudinal study of dietary habits among Romanian school children: effects of COVID-19 pandemic as well as of a school based educational program for promotion of healthy nutrition. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03492-x. [PMID: 39287641 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The outbreak of COVID-19 has forced implementation of safety measures, leading to changes in people's lives. This study investigated several dietary habits among Romanian children before and during the pandemic. Also, it assessed the effectiveness of an educational program promoting healthy diet and evaluated factors influencing certain eating habits. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted in schools. Students were assigned to Control and Intervention groups. Data were collected at baseline (T1) (October -November 2019, 880 children) and post-intervention (T2) (December 2020-February 2021, 484 students). 350 children participated in both assessments. RESULTS Baseline measurements revealed inadequate consumptions of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and increased intake of soft drinks and sweets. At follow-up, the Intervention showed significant improvements on average intake of fruits and vegetables and in children eating ≥ 5 servings/day, compared to its baseline. Regarding self-perceptions on dietary habits during confinement, children from both groups reported healthier behaviors, with a significant decrease of comfort food. Compared to the Control group, Intervention increased its average intake of fruits and vegetables, consumed more ≥ 5 portions/day, reduced the number ≥ 2 cups/day of carbonated beverages and ≥ 3 portions/day of sweets. Age, gender, weight management, body mass index were associated with dietary habits at T1. Age, gender, Intervention group, weight management influenced eating patterns at T2. Eating behaviors at T1 influenced dietary habits at T2. CONCLUSION Our program demonstrated positive changes in students' dietary habits, despite challenges of COVID-19. Results highlight the role of health education and emphasize the importance of integrating such programs consistently in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda-Valentina Trandafir
- Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Lucia Maria Lotrean
- Research Center in Preventive Medicine, Health Promotion and Sustainable Development, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Cabrera-Suárez BM, Hernández-Fleta JL, Molero P, González-Pinto A, Lahortiga F, Cabrera C, Chiclana-Actis C, Sánchez-Villegas A. Mediterranean diet-based intervention to improve depressive symptoms: analysis of the PREDIDEP randomized trial. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:951-961. [PMID: 37990906 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2283290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of an intervention based on Mediterranean diet on reducing recurrence risk or subsyndromal depressive symptoms in recovered depressed patients has not been explored. METHODS The PREDIDEP study was a two-year randomized trial designed to assess the effect of the Mediterranean Diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil on depression recurrence. At baseline and at four, eight, 16, 20, and 24 months of follow-up, depressive symptoms were evaluated through the Beck Depression inventory. Cox regression analysis was fitted to assess the role of dietary intervention on the risk of depression recurrence. Mixed effects linear models were used to assess changes in depressive subsyndromal symptoms according to the intervention. RESULTS After two years of intervention, the dietary intervention group (n = 103) compared to the control group (n = 93) showed no differences regarding depression recurrence risk as main outcome. As secondary outcomes, an improvement of depressive symptoms was yielded at four (-2.15; 95% CI = -4.00 to -0.29) and eight months (-2.42; 95% CI = -4.17 to -0.67) in the intervention group, with no changes in control group. Moreover, at 20 months, significant differences were found between groups (-3.35; 95% CI = -6.08 to -0.61). CONCLUSIONS An intervention with Mediterranean diet in patients with previous depressive episodes might contribute to the reduction of depressive subsyndromal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz M Cabrera-Suárez
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose L Hernández-Fleta
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Patricio Molero
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- BIOARABA, Hospital Universitario de Alava, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisca Lahortiga
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Claudio Cabrera
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Service, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
- ISFOOD - Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Hamidi F, Rostami A, Hosseini SA, Calero-Bernal R, Hajavi J, Ahmadi R, Pazoki H. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG seroprevalence in the general population in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis, 2000-2023. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307941. [PMID: 39208344 PMCID: PMC11361691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis ranks among the most prevalent parasitic diseases globally. It seems that chronic toxoplasmosis is associated with several neuropsychiatric and other harmful effects in infected people, therefore, there is a need to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis across various world regions. In this study, we conducted a meticulous meta-analysis to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies within the general population in Iran (GPI). International and national scientific databases for studies published between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2023, were searched. Observational studies reporting anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence in the GPI was selected/included. The data were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) the national and regional anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence rates in Iran. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the frequency of exposition to T. gondii in different socio-demographic, climatic, and geographical scenarios. From 18661 identified studies, 327 were included in the present meta-analysis, encompassing 122,882 individuals across the 31 Iranian provinces. The pooled nationwide anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence among the GPI was determined to be 32.9% (95% CI: 30.9-35.1%). The highest anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was observed in Mazandaran province (North of Iran) (61%), whereas the lowest was in Semnan province (12.5%).Anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence demonstrated a higher occurrence in provinces characterized by moderate temperatures of 16-21°C, high relative humidity, and annual precipitation. Additionally, a higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was identified among individuals with a habit of consumption of undercooked meat, raw fruits or vegetables, and untreated water. Moreover, those reporting direct contact with cats, possessing a lower level of education, residing in rural areas, being engaged in farming occupations, or playing the role of housewives exhibited higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence figures.The anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence within GPI closely aligns with the estimated worldwide average exposition rates. This underscores the imperative for public health policymakers to prioritize educational efforts regarding toxoplasmosis transmission pathways and its link to harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Hamidi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences and Microbiology, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Rostami
- Health Research Institute, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Centre, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Communicable Disease Institute, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Rafael Calero-Bernal
- Veterinary Faculty, Animal Health Department, SALUVET, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jafar Hajavi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Hossein Pazoki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
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Schnettler B, Concha-Salgado A, Orellana L, Saracostti M, Beroiza K, Poblete H, Lobos G, Adasme-Berríos C, Lapo M, Riquelme-Segura L, Sepúlveda JA. Revisiting the Link between Workplace Support for Families, Family Support, Diet Quality, and Satisfaction with Food-Related Life in the Second Year of the Pandemic. Nutrients 2024; 16:2645. [PMID: 39203782 PMCID: PMC11356902 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to examine the actor and partner effects between Perceived Workplace Support for Families (PWSFs) and family support (PFS), diet quality, and satisfaction with food-related life (SWFoL) in households with both parents working and adolescents, along with the role of the three family members' diet quality as a mediator. During the second year of the pandemic in Chile, 860 dual-earner parents of different sexes and their adolescent child (average age 13 years, with 50.7% being male) were recruited from two cities. Parents responded to a measure of PWSFs and the Perceived Family Support Scale. Mothers, fathers, and adolescents answered the Adapted Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and the satisfaction with food-related life Scale. The examination employed the mediation Actor-Partner Interdependence Model and structural equation modeling for the analyses. Results showed that mothers' PWSFs improved their and their teenage children's SWFoL, while fathers' PWSFs only improved their SWFoL. The mothers' PFS improved their and the fathers' diet quality while enhancing their SWFoL and the adolescents' SWFoL. The fathers' PFS enhanced their and the adolescents' SWFoL. The mothers' PFS also indirectly enhanced their and the fathers' SWFoL via each parent's diet quality. Each family member's diet quality was positively related to their SWFoL, while mothers' diet quality was positively related to the fathers' SWFoL. These results imply that resources obtained by parents from PFS positively impact the SWFoL of the three family members through different mechanisms. They also highlight the importance of maternal family support for SWFoL during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Schnettler
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (L.O.); (K.B.); (H.P.); (J.A.S.)
- Facultad de Especialidades Empresariales, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090308, Ecuador;
| | - Andrés Concha-Salgado
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Educación, Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Ligia Orellana
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (L.O.); (K.B.); (H.P.); (J.A.S.)
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Educación, Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Mahia Saracostti
- Departamento de Trabajo Social, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Katherine Beroiza
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (L.O.); (K.B.); (H.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Héctor Poblete
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (L.O.); (K.B.); (H.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Germán Lobos
- Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile;
| | - Cristian Adasme-Berríos
- Departamento de Economía y Administración, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Económicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile;
| | - María Lapo
- Facultad de Especialidades Empresariales, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090308, Ecuador;
| | - Leonor Riquelme-Segura
- Departamento de Trabajo Social, Facultad de Educación, Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - José A. Sepúlveda
- Centro de Excelencia en Psicología Económica y del Consumo, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (L.O.); (K.B.); (H.P.); (J.A.S.)
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Educación, Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
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Saleh MR, Abdelgaied MY, Galal N, Tarek M, Fouda A, Abdelkawy K. Unveiling the lockdown effects: exploring behavior, dietary habits and weight changes in rural Egypt during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional retrospective study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:85. [PMID: 38879511 PMCID: PMC11179345 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown significantly impacted dietary habits and body weights globally, particularly in Egypt, where 57.03% of the population resides in rural areas, despite lack of information. The study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the weight changes of the rural Egyptian population through behavioral, physical, and dietary changes. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey using Microsoft Forms was distributed in Delta regions in Egypt. The questionnaire used a modified version of the validated 14- items PREDIMED MedDiet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). The first part of the questionnaire addressed sociodemographic variables whereas the second one included questions related to dietary, behavioral and weight changes of participants. These changes were statistically tested for significance in relation to BMI, gender, home living, current job and family history of obesity. RESULTS A total of 306 participated in the study (70% females, 13% obese, 95% living with family, 56% university students, and 36% with family history of obesity). Obese showed a significant increase in sweet intake whereas underweight and normal weight people displayed a significant decrease in eating desire. Both females and males showed significant increase in consumption of fruits and vegetables with significant decrease in soft drink. However, women showed a significant decrease in sport activity relative to men. Participants living with family showed an increase in sweet intake while those living alone explored an increase in meal frequency. Employers revealed a significant decrease in sport activities and people with family history of obesity reported more sleeping times than those without family history of obesity. CONCLUSION During Covid-19 quarantine, Egyptians' eating habits improved, but daily routines were disrupted. Raising awareness about obesity and providing guidance on maintaining activity, energy, and mood is crucial for future quarantine situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Reda Saleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Y Abdelgaied
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Naira Galal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Mai Tarek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Aya Fouda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abdelkawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr- Elsheikh, 33511, Egypt
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Kupcewicz E, Schneider-Matyka D, Rachubińska K, Jastrzębski P, Bentkowska A, Grochans E. Health Behaviours and the Quality of Life of Students of Medical Fields during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2024; 16:1747. [PMID: 38892679 PMCID: PMC11174481 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Social distancing and closing down public spaces associated with learning, leisure and physical activity limited the spread of COVID-19. These measures had an impact not only on the economy and education but also on health behaviours and the quality of life of individuals affected by the restrictions. The aim of this study was to identify the role of health behaviours in the perception of the quality of life of students during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: This study was conducted among 796 students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn in the first quarter of 2022. Subgroup 1 consisted of students at the Public Health School (n = 428; 53.8%) and subgroup 2 consisted of students belonging to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (n = 368; 46.2%). The diagnostic survey method was applied, and an original survey questionnaire, the Health Behaviour Inventory and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL-Bref version) were used. (3) Results: The largest contribution to the prediction of quality of life of students in subgroup 1 was made by a positive mental attitude related to avoiding too strong emotions, which explained 19% of the result variability in the somatic domain (ßeta = 0.24; R2 = 0.21), 20% of the result variability in the psychological domain (ßeta = 0.36; R2 = 0.20), 16% of the result variability in the social domain (ßeta = 0.52; R2 = 0.17) and 17% of the result variability in the environmental domain (ßeta = 0.19; R2 = 0.19). Moreover, in subgroup 2, a predominantly positive mental attitude significantly predicted quality of life in the somatic domain, explaining 23% of the result variability (ßeta = 0.24; R2 = 0.26), while it explained 25% of the result variability in the psychological domain (ßeta = 0.47; R2 = 0.25), 16% of the result variability in the social domain (ßeta = 0.46; R2 = 0.17) and 21% of the result variability in the environmental domain (ßeta = 0.38; R2 = 0.23). (4) Conclusions: Positive correlations between health behaviours and the quality of life among the study participants were determined. Health-promoting behaviours had a beneficial impact on the respondents' quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. The category of health behaviours described as a positive mental attitude was an important predictor for the participants' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 C Zolnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Jastrzębski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 C Żołnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bentkowska
- Hospital Emergency Department, Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 18 Żołnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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Farrugia F, Refalo D, Bonello D, Cuschieri S. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Mediterranean diet adherence: A narrative systematic review. Nutr Health 2024; 30:215-233. [PMID: 37439029 PMCID: PMC10345400 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231187511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic upended many aspects of daily life. For some individuals, this was an opportunity to re-evaluate their life and make better choices, while others were overwhelmed with stressors, leading to a deterioration in mental and physical health. AIM The aim of this narrative systematic review is to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Mediterranean diet adherence. METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases utilising the search terms 'Mediterranean diet' AND 'COVID-19'. This yielded 73 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The data suggests that a substantial proportion of individuals adhered less to the Mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 lockdown period. However, individuals receiving some form of lifestyle intervention had better adherence to the Mediterranean diet than their unassisted counterparts. CONCLUSION This emphasises the importance of professional support during times of crisis to avoid deterioration of a population's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Farrugia
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Daniel Refalo
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - David Bonello
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Sarah Cuschieri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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9
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Lonati E, Cazzaniga E, Adorni R, Zanatta F, Belingheri M, Colleoni M, Riva MA, Steca P, Palestini P. Health-Related Lifestyles among University Students: Focusing on Eating Habits and Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:626. [PMID: 38791840 PMCID: PMC11120768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The transition to higher education at University is a critical moment for young adults to acquire unhealthy habits regarding physical activity (PA) and adherence to a healthy diet. Negative behaviors might be maintained in the years to come with a major risk of suffering from a Non-Communicable Disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and PA in the student community of University of Milano-Bicocca. Students between 18 and 30 years old completed an online survey (6949 students). Two analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), chi-square tests of independence, and a binomial logistic regression were performed to examine the relationship between adequacy of food consumption and PA, in association also with sociodemographic characteristics. Data show a strong correlation between behaviors analyzed, with a proportional positive association between PA and healthy diet. Nevertheless, a third of the sample students incur in incorrect habits for both diet and PA. Further, students performing intensive PA have the healthiest food consumption in general but the worst red meat and pork intake. Accordingly, men practice more PA but have a less adequate diet, exactly contrary to women. In conclusion, policies promoting consciousness of well-being would transform Universities into healthy hubs for virtuous habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lonati
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Emanuela Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Roberta Adorni
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy; (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Francesco Zanatta
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy; (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Michael Belingheri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Matteo Colleoni
- Department of Sociology and Social Research, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- BASE Bicocca Sustainability Committee, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Augusto Riva
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.A.R.); (P.P.)
- BASE Bicocca Sustainability Committee, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Steca
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy; (F.Z.); (P.S.)
- BASE Bicocca Sustainability Committee, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.A.R.); (P.P.)
- BASE Bicocca Sustainability Committee, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Watanabe JA, Nieto JA, Suarez-Diéguez T, Silva M. Influence of culinary skills on ultraprocessed food consumption and Mediterranean diet adherence: An integrative review. Nutrition 2024; 121:112354. [PMID: 38458144 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a diet pattern with several healthy characteristics, including a high consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, whole-grain products, and extra virgin olive oil as the main fat source. It is also characterized by a low consumption of processed foods and high-fat meats. However, there has been a nutritional transition such that, because of globalization and economic growth, the consumption of ultraprocessed foods is increasing, comprising 14% to 57% of total energy intake. North America and Australia have the worst prognosis. Further, the younger population consumes greater amounts of ultraprocessed foods compared with adults, whereas the older population has the lowest rates. Among the various factors responsible for the nutritional transition, culinary skills seem an important function of diet quality, but, unfortunately, culinary skills have been little investigated by the scientific community. Higher culinary skills may be related to increased consumption of homemade meals, higher diet quality, and greater consumption of vegetables and fruits and may be associated with higher Mediterranean diet adherence. Consequently, ultraprocessed foods, ready-to-eat food, and delivered meals, as well as meals outside the home, are reduced. Unfortunately, the process of generational transmission of cooking skills is progressively weakening, aggravated by the reduction of free time for home cooking. Still, even though there are few interventions conducted to improve culinary skills, especially those focused on children, the available results suggest that there have been positive changes in the direction of a healthier dietary pattern. This integrative review analyzes consumption levels of ultraprocessed foods. We then consider the extent to which culinary skills affect ultraprocessed food consumption levels and the relative impact on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Aiko Watanabe
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Nieto
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, Spain.
| | - Teodoro Suarez-Diéguez
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto, Mexico.
| | - Mariana Silva
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, Spain.
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Szajnoga D, Perenc H, Jakubiak GK, Cieślar G, Ćwieląg-Drabek M. Consumption of Meats and Fish in Poland during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period. Nutrients 2024; 16:1318. [PMID: 38732565 PMCID: PMC11085878 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions have significantly impacted the quality of life of society in many countries in various aspects. The purpose of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the consumption of meat and fish in society in Poland as well as the factors that determined these changes. The cross-sectional study was conducted using an original online questionnaire between 8th and 18th of April 2020. The subjects were selected randomly. The target population were adults living in Poland. The inclusion criterion for the study was the age of at least 18 years and consent to selfless participation in the study. Communication via social media such as Facebook or Instagram was used to enroll more participants from different socio-demographic subgroups. The questionnaire was divided into two parts-the first part contained questions about sex, age, body mass, body height, residence, level of education, and occupation, and the second part consisted of specific questions about the consumption frequency of different kinds of meat during the COVID-19 lockdown period (in comparison to the time before the pandemic). A total of 3888 people took part in the study including 84.54% women, with an average age of 30.17 ± 9.22 years. The frequency of poultry consumption increased, while for pork, beef, ham and other meat products as well as fish and seafood it declined. The factors that influenced the change in dietary patterns during the lockdown related to the COVID-19 pandemic included age, body mass index, gender, place of residence, and type of work performed. However, no relationship was found between the change in meat and fish consumption during the pandemic and the level of education and form of employment during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Szajnoga
- Student Research Group, Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Piekarska 18 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Helena Perenc
- Student Research Group, Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Ćwieląg-Drabek
- Department of Environmental Health Risk Factors, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Piekarska 18 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
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Le LTH, Hoang TNA, Nguyen TT, Dao TD, Do BN, Pham KM, Vu VH, Pham LV, Nguyen LTH, Nguyen HC, Tran TV, Nguyen TH, Nguyen AT, Nguyen HV, Nguyen PB, Nguyen HTT, Pham TTM, Le TT, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Quach HL, Nguyen KT, Duong TV. Sex Differences in Clustering Unhealthy Lifestyles Among Survivors of COVID-19: Latent Class Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e50189. [PMID: 38564248 PMCID: PMC10989720 DOI: 10.2196/50189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the significance of adopting healthy lifestyles to mitigate the risk of severe outcomes and long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE This study focuses on assessing the prevalence and clustering of 5 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among Vietnamese adults after recovering from COVID-19, with a specific emphasis on sex differences. METHODS The cross-sectional data of 5890 survivors of COVID-19 in Vietnam were analyzed from December 2021 to October 2022. To examine the sex differences in 5 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior), the percentages were plotted along with their corresponding 95% CI for each behavior. Latent class analysis was used to identify 2 distinct classes of individuals based on the clustering of these behaviors: the "less unhealthy" group and the "more unhealthy" group. We examined the sociodemographic characteristics associated with each identified class and used logistic regression to investigate the factors related to the "more unhealthy" group. RESULTS The majority of individuals (male participants: 2432/2447, 99.4% and female participants: 3411/3443, 99.1%) exhibited at least 1 unhealthy behavior, with male participants being more susceptible to multiple unhealthy behaviors. The male-to-female ratio for having a single behavior was 1.003, but it escalated to 25 for individuals displaying all 5 behaviors. Male participants demonstrated a higher prevalence of combining alcohol intake with sedentary behavior (949/2447, 38.8%) or an unhealthy diet (861/2447, 35.2%), whereas female participants tended to exhibit physical inactivity combined with sedentary behavior (1305/3443, 37.9%) or an unhealthy diet (1260/3443, 36.6%). Married male participants had increased odds of falling into the "more unhealthy" group compared to their single counterparts (odds ratio [OR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.14-1.85), while female participants exhibited lower odds (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51-0.83). Female participants who are underweight showed a higher likelihood of belonging to the "more unhealthy" group (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.89-1.39), but this was not observed among male participants (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.41-0.89). In both sexes, older age, dependent employment, high education, and obesity were associated with higher odds of being in the "more unhealthy" group. CONCLUSIONS The study identified notable sex differences in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among survivors of COVID-19. Male survivors are more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors compared to female survivors. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored public health interventions targeting sex-specific unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, addressing unhealthy habits is crucial for promoting post-COVID-19 health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan T H Le
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Biochemistry Department, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | - Tan T Nguyen
- Department of Orthopedics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
- Director Office, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Tien D Dao
- Institute of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Military Hospital 175, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh N Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Department of Military Science, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Khue M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Vinh H Vu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Linh V Pham
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Lien T H Nguyen
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Hoang C Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Tuan V Tran
- Neurology Department, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Trung H Nguyen
- Director Office, Gang Thep Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- Director Office, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hai Duong, Vietnam
| | - Hoan V Nguyen
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoai T T Nguyen
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Kien An Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Thu T M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thuy T Le
- President Office, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Thao T P Nguyen
- Institute for Community Health Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Q Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ha-Linh Quach
- Centre for Ageing Research & Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kien T Nguyen
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Sánchez-Ortiz NA, Colchero MA. Changes in Food and Beverage Purchases Associated With the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in Mexico. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:521-530.e4. [PMID: 37541326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public policies to contain the spread of coronavirus disease in Mexico could have had an effect on food purchase patterns. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess changes in the quantity of food and beverages purchased and proportion spent on food consumed away from home during the coronavirus disease pandemic in Mexican households. DESIGN This study is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2014-2020. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING The study included 234,631 households with information on food and beverages purchases from 2014 to 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Food and beverage purchases were classified into six categories: basic, nonbasic energy-dense foods, prepared food for consumption at home, water, milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages. In the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2014-2020, expenditures on food and beverages consumed away from home are not classified into any specific items but represents more than 10% of food and beverage expenditures; therefore, the analyses included the proportion of food and beverage expenditures spent on food consumed away from home. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED A two-part model was used to evaluate changes in the quantity of food purchased and the proportion spent away from home during the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2020 compared with 2018, adjusting for socio-demographic variables, gross domestic product and previous survey rounds. Results are presented at the national level, by income quintile and by place of residence. RESULTS Purchases of basic food increased by 17 g/capita/day at the national level and 22.4 g/capita/day in urban areas (P < 0.001). Purchases of nonbasic energy-dense foods decreased both at the national level (-4.2 g/capita/day; P < 0.001) and by place of residence (-4.8 g/capita/day; P < 0.001 in urban areas and -2.5 g/capita/day; P = 0.001 in rural settings). Purchases of prepared food increased 16 g/capita/day (P < 0.001). In rural areas, purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages increased 7.2 mL/per capita/day (P < 0.001). For the lowest income quintile purchases of processed meat increased 2.4 g/capita/day (P < 0.001). The proportion spent on food consumed away from home decreased by -44.9% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Results of this study show that during the coronavirus disease lockdown there was an increase in basic and prepared food purchases, whereas purchases of nonbasic energy-dense foods and the proportion spent on food consumed away from home decreased. However, findings showed an increase in sugar-sweetened beverages purchases among rural dwellers and an increase in purchases of processed meat among the lowest income quintile. Various factors such as income reductions, unemployment, mobility restrictions, or increases in prices may have led the observed changes. Future research should be conducted to analyze these potential pathways.
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Scoditti E, Bodini A, Sabina S, Leo CG, Mincarone P, Rissotto A, Fusco S, Guarino R, Ponzini G, Tumolo MR, Magnavita N, Tripepi GL, Garbarino S. Effects of working from home on lifestyle behaviors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300812. [PMID: 38558099 PMCID: PMC10984516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to relevant changes in everyday life worldwide. One of these changes has been a rapid transition to and an increasing implementation of working from home (WH) modality. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mandatory WH during the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle behaviors, Mediterranean diet adherence, body weight, and depression. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in the early 2022 at the National Research Council of Italy using ad hoc questions and validated scales collecting information on physical activity, sedentary behavior, hobbies/pastimes, dietary habits including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, body weight, and depression during WH compared with before WH. 748 respondents were included in the study. An increased sedentary lifetime was reported by 48% of respondents; however, the subsample of workers who previously performed moderate physical activity intensified this activity. Body weight gain during WH was self-reported in 39.9% of respondents. Mediterranean diet adherence increased (p≪0.001) during WH compared with before WH. The average level of mental health did not record an overall variation; however, the proportion of subjects with mild and moderate depression increased (p = 0.006), while workers who reported values indicative of depression before the transition declared an improvement. These findings highlight health-related impact of WH during the COVID-19 pandemic that may inform future strategies and policies to improve employees' health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egeria Scoditti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Bodini
- Institute for Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies "E. Magenes" (IMATI), National Research Council (CNR), Milano, Italy
| | - Saverio Sabina
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Carlo Giacomo Leo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Mincarone
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies (IRPPS), National Research Council (CNR), Research Unit of Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | | | - Stanislao Fusco
- Training and Welfare Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Guarino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ponzini
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies (IRPPS), National Research Council (CNR), Research Unit of Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tumolo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technology (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luigi Tripepi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal/Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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15
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Vetter VM, Drewelies J, Düzel S, Homann J, Meyer-Arndt L, Braun J, Pohrt A, Kendel F, Wagner GG, Thiel A, Bertram L, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Gerstorf D, Demuth I. Change in body weight of older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal results from the Berlin Aging Study II. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100206. [PMID: 38460212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Change in body weight during the COVID-19 pandemic as an unintended side effect of lockdown measures has been predominantly reported for younger and middle-aged adults. However, information on older adults for which weight loss is known to result in adverse outcomes, is scarce. In this study we describe the body weight change in older adults before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown measures and explore putative associated factors with a focus on the period that includes the first six months of the COVID-19 containment measures. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with three follow-up examinations over the course of 10 years. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS In this study, we analyzed the longitudinal weight change of 472 participants of the Berlin Aging Study II (mean age of 67.5 years at baseline). MEASUREMENTS Body weight was assessed at four time points. Additionally, differences between subgroups characterized by socio-economic, cognitive, and psychosocial variables as well as morbidity burden, biological age markers (epigenetic clocks, telomere length), and frailty were compared. RESULTS On average, women and men lost 0.87% (n = 227) and 0.5% (n = 245) of their body weight per year in the study period covering the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Weight loss among men was particularly pronounced among groups characterized by change in physical activity due to COVID-19 lockdown, low positive affect, premature epigenetic age (7-CpG clock), diagnosed metabolic syndrome, and a more masculine gender score (all variables: p < 0.05, n = 245). CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, older participants lost weight with a 2.5-times (women) and 2-times (men) higher rate than what is expected in this age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Max Vetter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (Including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Biology of Aging Working Group, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Drewelies
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Max-Planck Institut Für Bildungsforschung, Germany; Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CBF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Homann
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lil Meyer-Arndt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Braun
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Pohrt
- Department of Medical Biometrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Kendel
- Gender in Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert G Wagner
- German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin, Germany; Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Bertram
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Institute for Gender in Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Gerstorf
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (Including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Biology of Aging Working Group, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Isin RB, Gumus D, Kizil M. Variations in Food Safety Concerns, Hygiene Practices, and Purchasing Behaviors During Pandemic Era: What We Learnt from Coronavirus Disease 2019. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 38517739 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the food safety concerns, purchasing behaviors, and hygiene practices of individuals who contracted and did not contract the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A total of 2393 individuals 18-65 years years of age, 760 who contracted and 1633 who did not contract SARS-CoV-2 infection, participated in the study. Participants were administered a questionnaire to assess demographic information, food safety concerns, hygiene practices, purchasing behavior, and fear of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Results indicated that 56.3% of participants expressed concern about food safety, and 67% were concerned about infected individuals while shopping. Participants who did not contract COVID-19 had higher levels of food safety concerns and generally adhered to better hygiene practices such as handwashing, hygienic food preparation, sanitizer use, and cleaning and disinfection practices (p < 0.05). Overall, purchasing behaviors did not significantly differ by the infection status, except for a significant difference in reduced purchase frequency (p < 0.001). In addition, purchasing behavior varied in relation to fear levels (p < 0.05). As the pandemic appears to be increasingly controlled, the insights gained from managing outbreaks might contribute to improved understanding and preparedness for global pandemics and food safety education in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Busra Isin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Damla Gumus
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mevlude Kizil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Yuan C, Nair P, Jacob C, Lowry N. Evaluating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on First-Year Medical Student Nutrition. Cureus 2024; 16:e57195. [PMID: 38681450 PMCID: PMC11056192 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical school students in high-stress environments have been shown to make poor personal health decisions ranging from less healthy selections of food to lower rates of exercise. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic adding a major social and health challenge, it is important to examine the effect this new stressor has on the health habits of medical school students. METHODS All first-year students at Albany Medical College completed a self-recorded three-day log of food intake and exercise modality and duration. Reported data included calories, carbohydrates, protein, lipids, sodium, calcium, and other micronutrients. The data was divided between pre-pandemic (2018-19) and mid-pandemic (2020-21) entries. T-tests and ANOVA tests were used to compare for significance. RESULTS Students consumed significantly fewer calories during the pandemic compared to before. This reduction was primarily driven by the female cohort of students. Specifically, this reduction in calories appears to be driven by a decrease in carbohydrate consumption, rather than lipids or protein, which did not change. Additionally, there were significant decreases in sodium, calcium, and vitamin D intake. The mid-pandemic time span (2020-21) appears to be correlated with decreased caloric intake, as well as other important nutrients such as vitamin D and calcium. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a decrease in calories, carbohydrates, sodium, and alcohol consumption when comparing pre- and mid-pandemic dietary habits of first-year medical students. It also indicated less than the recommended amount of calcium and Vitamin D consumption. Such changes may indicate restrictive eating habits in times of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Yuan
- College of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, USA
| | - Priya Nair
- College of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, USA
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Booth L, Santos JA, Hoek AC, Webster J, Pettigrew S. Population Subgroups at Risk of Unhealthy Changes in Food and Beverage Consumption During COVID-19 Lockdowns. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:163-168. [PMID: 36879051 PMCID: PMC9988201 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding health behaviour changes during the COVID-19 pandemic can assist in developing strategies to promote healthy lifestyles at such times. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine whether the frequency of consuming unhealthy foods and beverages changed during lockdown and whether certain population subgroups were more likely to make such changes. METHOD An online survey was administered to a national sample of 4022 Australian adults (51% female, mean age 48 years). Generalised linear models with generalised estimating equations were used to identify whether demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, presence of children in the household, number of people in the household) and beliefs related to COVID-19 were associated with changes in the frequency of consuming alcohol, sweet snacks, salty snacks, and sugary beverages from pre to during lockdown. RESULTS Overall, the frequency of consuming the four assessed unhealthy products did not change during lockdown. However, being male and having children at home were consistently associated with unhealthy changes, whereas believing that alcohol or unhealthy diets would exacerbate COVID-19 severity was linked to a decreased frequency of consuming these products respectively. Age, education, and living with more people were also associated with changes in the frequency of consuming some product categories. CONCLUSION During lockdown, certain population subgroups appeared to be at increased risk of more frequent consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages. Believing certain consumption habits are linked to adverse health impacts of COVID was found to reduce frequency of consumption of related products, presenting a potential focus for future public health actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Booth
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
- UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Joseph Alvin Santos
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Annet C Hoek
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Jacqui Webster
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Simone Pettigrew
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
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Margerison C, Aydin G, Larsson C, Booth A, Worsley A, Nanayakkara J. Australian adults cooked more and tried new recipes during COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns. Appetite 2024; 193:107122. [PMID: 37972657 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The lockdowns and restrictions due to COVID-19 caused changes in both food accessibility and availability for people around the globe resulting in changes in food habits and behaviours. To enable a better public health response to the next pandemic, lessons must be learnt from this most recent emergency. This study aimed to examine self-reported changes in food habits and behaviours, of Australian adults during COVID-19 restrictions in 2020. A cross-sectional, convenience, Australia-wide survey, with open-ended and closed-ended questions was conducted online. Respondents were asked to report their demographic characteristics, positive food habit development, worst food-related experiences, changes in food habits and behaviours and cooking and food preparation practices during the COVID-19 restriction period. Adult Australian residents, recruited through social media advertising of the survey. Respondents (n = 764) were mostly female (86%), over 55 years of age (57%, mean age (SD) 53.4 (18.1) years), and half (51%) were not in paid employment. Nearly two-thirds (63%) developed positive food habits, including trying new recipes (54%), eating less take-away (53%) and cooking from scratch (46%) during the COVID-19 restrictions. Furthermore, respondents reported including family members in food preparation and eating together as a family. Negative experiences included being unable to buy certain foods (due to lack of stock and store limits), cooking at home, and being unable to access some food outlets. Australians experienced both positive and negative food experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown periods, with most experiencing positive changes such as cooking at home from scratch and trying new recipes and relying on less take-away. Females and those who experienced a change in employment status were more likely to develop positive new food habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Margerison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Gozde Aydin
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christel Larsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Läroverksgatan 5, Box 300, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Alison Booth
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Anthony Worsley
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Janandani Nanayakkara
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
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Saldanha MF, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Jansen AK. Energy and nutrient intake in older adults with healthy aging during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic- a cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:181-187. [PMID: 38220374 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lockdown measures implemented amid the COVID-19 pandemic promoted changes in lifestyle, particularly engagement in physical activity/exercise and dietary intake. However, few studies are available investigating the healthy older population, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy and nutrient intake among older adults with successful aging and to evaluate changes in muscle mass, strength and physical performance. METHODS A cohort study of 38 healthy older adults from a Brazilian geriatrics referral center were assessed at two time points: baseline - up to 1 year prior to the pandemic; and follow-up - an average of 17 months after the pandemic outbreak. Energy and nutrient intake was determined using food recalls and diary records, while muscle mass was calculated based on anthropometric parameters. Maximum hand-grip strength and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score were also evaluated. RESULTS Median age of participants was 87 years. During the pandemic, intake of protein increased from 52.6 g to 63.9 g (p = 0.013) and micronutrients also increased: vitamin C from 35.4 mg to 76.1 mg (p = 0.027), vitamin B12 from 2.2 mg to 3.1 mg (p = 0.045), calcium from 435.1 mg to 631.5 mg (p < 0.001), magnesium from 186.5 mg to 198.9 mg (p = 0.043), zinc from 5.8 mg to 7.6 mg (p = 0.009), iron from 6.9 mg to 7.2 mg (p = 0.035) and potassium from 1941.6 mg to 2115.5 mg (p = 0.048). No changes in energy intake or other nutrients were evident. No difference in mass, strength or physical performance was observed during the study period. Overall, 84% of participants remained physically active, although engagement in physical exercise decreased by 50% (p < 0.002). CONCLUSION The increase in intake of proteins and micronutrients suggests improved diet quality during the pandemic. Engagement in physical exercise decreased significantly, but level of physical activity was maintained. No change in anthropometric parameters, strength or physical performance was evident in the population investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle Ferreira Saldanha
- Nursing School, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Clinic Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ann Kristine Jansen
- Nursing School, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Hur JY, Lee S, Shin WR, Kim YH, Ahn JY. The emerging role of medical foods and therapeutic potential of medical food-derived exosomes. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:32-50. [PMID: 38125597 PMCID: PMC10729880 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Medical food is consumed for the purpose of improving specific nutritional requirements or disease conditions, such as inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. It involves partial or exclusive feeding for fulfilling unique nutritional requirements of patients and is different from medicine, consisting of basic nutrients, such as polyphenols, vitamins, sugars, proteins, lipids, and other functional ingredients to nourish the patients. Recently, studies on extracellular vesicles (exosomes) with therapeutic and drug carrier potential have been actively conducted. In addition, there have been attempts to utilize exosomes as medical food components. Consequently, the application of exosomes is expanding in different fields with increasing research being conducted on their stability and safety. Herein, we introduced the current trends of medical food and the potential utilization of exosomes in them. Moreover, we proposed Medi-Exo, a exosome-based medical food. Furthermore, we comprehensively elucidate various disease aspects between medical food-derived exosomes (Medi-Exo) and therapeutic natural bionanocomposites. This review highlights the therapeutic challenges regarding Medi-Exo and its potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Hur
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
| | - SeonHyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania 210 S 33rd St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Woo-Ri Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania 210 S 33rd St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu Cheongju 28644 South Korea +82-43-264-9600 +82-43-261-2301 +82-43-261-3575
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22
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Al-Tannir M, AlFayyad I, Altannir M, Alosaimi A, Alonazi A, Alqarni A. Long-term impact of post COVID-19 pandemic quarantine on eating habits changes among adult residents of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1243288. [PMID: 37867492 PMCID: PMC10585650 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1243288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 outbreak and quarantine measures clearly had an impact on the population's eating habits-related behavior. Objective This study aimed to explore the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and physical quarantine on eating habits after quarantine among Riyadh city residents, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey between December 2022 and April 2023 on a convenient sample of Saudi adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A valid questionnaire was used to measure study outcomes. A comparison between dietary habits before and after COVID-19 was performed to identify the changes in dietary habits. Results 1,451 Saudi adults residing in Riyadh completed the online survey. The majority (88.6%) of the respondents reported changes in dietary habits after COVID-19. About 50% had 1-3 dietary habits changes and slightly more than one-third had 4-7 dietary habits change. About 33.8% of the participants reported stable weight during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, 40.9% reported weight gain, and 20.7% reported weight loss. The participants reported several unhealthy dietary changes most commonly eating fast food (33%), eating junk food/fast food due to boredom/distress/disappointment (29.8%), and high sugar such as sweet porridge, pastry, sweets, and chocolate (28.5%). On the other side, the participants showed healthy dietary habits such as having a balanced healthy ingredients diet (34.4%), an increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables, and a decrease in the intake of junk foods (28.9%). Males were more likely to exhibit unhealthy dietary habits than females (Odd Ratio:1.43, p = 0.038, CI: 1.02-2.02). Increasing age was associated with a reduction in the likelihood of exhibiting unhealthy dietary habits (OR: 0.98, p = 0.011, CI: 0.96-0.99). Moreover, participants who reported stable weight or weight loss during COVID-19 were 0.29 (p = 0.043, 0.09-0.96) and 0.34 (p = 0.020, 0.07-0.79), respectively, less likely to have unhealthy dietary habits. Conclusion Although healthy dietary habits have been reported in this study, such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, COVID-19 confinement has also led to negative dietary behaviors reflected by high consumption of fast/junk food and sugar intake resulting in weight gain, a potential adverse impact on the population wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Al-Tannir
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isamme AlFayyad
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Altannir
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Eurofins-Ajal, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Alosaimi
- Family Medicine Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah Alonazi
- Family Medicine Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alqarni
- Family Medicine Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Petkevičienė J, Raskilienė A, Grincaitė M, Kriaučionienė V. Social Disparities in Lifestyle and Body Weight Changes during COVID-19 Quarantine and Post-Quarantine Persistence of Changes among Lithuanian Adult Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:4254. [PMID: 37836539 PMCID: PMC10574376 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of social factors on changes in lifestyle habits during the COVID-19 quarantine and their maintenance post-quarantine is underexamined. This study aimed to assess sociodemographic differences in nutrition, physical activity and body weight changes during the quarantine and their persistence post quarantine. The study included a random sample of Lithuanian residents aged 20 to 64. The questionnaires were filled in during the face-to-face interview within households countrywide in 2023. In total, 1500 individuals (742 men and 758 women) participated in the survey. Up to 34.9% of the respondents reported changes in eating habits, mostly increased consumption, 29.5% indicated reduced physical activity, and 22.7% gained weight. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that highly educated individuals were more likely than poorly educated individuals to increase healthy and decrease unhealthy food consumption and increase physical activity during the quarantine. The city inhabitants reported unfavourable changes in nutrition habits more often than those living in villages did. The proportion of respondents who reported the maintenance of the quarantine changes in lifestyle depending on the habit varied from 23.2% to 71.4% in the post-quarantine period. Highly educated individuals were less likely to maintain the decreased consumption of fresh fruits and increased body weight than less-educated individuals were. Our study provides evidence that the targeted interventions are needed to help less-educated individuals and city residents develop and maintain healthy lifestyle habits, even in times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Petkevičienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Asta Raskilienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Biology Systems and Genetic Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Grincaitė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Kriaučionienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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24
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Zanjari N, Abootalebi M, Delbari A, Abolfathi Momtaz Y. Impact of COVID-19 on Lifestyle: A Sample of Iranian Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:2100-2109. [PMID: 37266995 PMCID: PMC10240291 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231178670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and prolonged quarantine affect the health behaviors of older adults. We investigated the changes in older adults' lifestyles during the pandemic in a sample of 1020 people aged 60 years old and over in Tehran. The results revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive impact on nutritional behaviors and social support while having a negative impact on physical activity and anxiety in older adults. Due to the greater deterioration of health behaviors among unmarried older adults, low socio-economic status, and COVID-19 inpatients, policymakers must pay attention to interventions to promote healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Zanjari
- Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Abootalebi
- Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Delbari
- Research Center on Aging, University of Social and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Taylor KS, Beeken RJ, Fisher A, Lally P. Did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the dietary intake of individuals living with and beyond breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and who were most likely to experience change? Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:585. [PMID: 37728860 PMCID: PMC10511549 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present work investigated dietary changes amongst individuals living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) from before to during the pandemic. To identify those at greatest risk of unhealthy changes, it was further examined whether patterns varied by sociodemographic, health-related, and COVID-19-related characteristics. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study analysed data from 716 individuals LWBC participating in the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial (ASCOT). Using data provided before and during the pandemic, changes in fruit and vegetable, snack, and alcohol intake were tested using mixed-effect regression models. RESULTS Fruit and vegetable (95%CI: - 0.30; - 0.04) and alcohol consumption (95%CI: - 1.25; - 0.31) decreased, whilst snacking increased (95%CI: 0.19; 0.53). Women and individuals with limited social contact were more likely to reduce fruit and vegetable intake during the pandemic. Women and individuals with poorer sleep quality, limited social contact, and shielding requirements and without higher education were more likely to increase snacking during the pandemic. Individuals with poorer sleep quality, poorer mental health, and regular social contact were more likely to decrease alcohol consumption during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest decreased intake for fruit, vegetable, and alcohol consumption and increased snack intake in response to the pandemic amongst individuals LWBC. These changes appear to differ across various characteristics, suggesting the pandemic has not equally impacted everyone in this population. Findings highlight the need for targeted post-COVID strategies to support individuals LWBC most adversely affected by the pandemic, including women and socially isolated individuals. This encourages resources to be prioritised amongst these groups to prevent further negative impact of the pandemic. Whilst the findings are statistically significant, practically they appear less important. This is necessary to acknowledge when considering interventions and next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie S Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Rebecca J Beeken
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Abi Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Phillippa Lally
- Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
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26
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Yardeni M, Shaked OZ, Pienik R, Ben-Ami M, Stern E, Golan H, Waldman D, Gothelf D, Modan-Moses D. Impact of COVID-19 on Lifestyle Habits and Emotional State of Childhood Cancer Survivors and Their Parents. Nutrients 2023; 15:3932. [PMID: 37764717 PMCID: PMC10537817 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing measures affected the physical and emotional state of children and parents worldwide. Survivors of childhood cancer may be particularly vulnerable to these effects. We aimed to evaluate the lifestyle habits and emotional states of childhood cancer survivors and their parents during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS Lifestyle habits and emotional distress were assessed in 43 childhood cancer survivors (aged 8-21 years) and their parents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown, using the PROMIS anxiety and depression modules and the "Mabat Youth" questionnaire. RESULTS Most parents (80.5%) reported eating more family meals during home confinement compared to their usual routine. Patients' physical activity levels did not change significantly during confinement, leisure-related screen time nearly doubled (p < 0.001), and sleep duration increased (p = 0.006). Anxiety levels of children (p = 0.045) and parents (p = 0.02) increased during confinement compared to pre-pandemic levels, with no significant changes in depression levels. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to concerns regarding lifestyle habits during the COVID-19 lockdown, eating behaviors of childhood cancer survivors improved, sleep duration increased, and physical activity remained unchanged. Still, screen time increased significantly. Parents of childhood cancer survivors reported higher anxiety levels for themselves and their children during home confinement. Our findings may assist medical and psycho-social teams in guiding parents of cancer survivors during similar circumstances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Yardeni
- Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (H.G.)
| | - Omer Zvi Shaked
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (O.Z.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Reut Pienik
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (O.Z.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Michal Ben-Ami
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (O.Z.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Eve Stern
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (O.Z.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Hana Golan
- Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (H.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Dalia Waldman
- Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (H.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Doron Gothelf
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- The Child Psychiatry Division, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dalit Modan-Moses
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 5262000, Israel; (O.Z.S.); (E.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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27
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Rafraf M, Molani-Gol R, Sahebjam M. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on eating habits and lifestyle of college students in Tabriz, Iran: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1185681. [PMID: 37601215 PMCID: PMC10437127 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1185681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has influenced lifestyle behaviors and the health of populations worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating habits and lifestyle behaviors of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences students in Tabriz, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 college students selected using a convenience sampling method in May-June 2022. Data were collected by the questionnaire, which included information on eating habits, physical activity, smoking, watching television, social media use, sleep, anxiety and stress, and smoking before and during the pandemic. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of COVID-19 with lifestyle behaviors. Results The median age of participants was 22.00 (IQR: 3.00) years old. The median BMI was 21.69 (IQR: 3.82) kg/m2, and 74.5% of participants had a BMI of 18.5 to 25 kg/m2. Around 34.5% of participants reported a weight gain during the pandemic. During the pandemic, students' eating habits improved by maintaining a regular meal pattern, eating a balanced diet, consuming 2-3 servings of milk or its products, consuming one or more servings of pulses, eggs, or meat per day, decreasing consumption of fast food, fried, and junk foods, adding less sugar to meals and beverages, and consuming fewer sugar-sweetened beverages and foods with high sugar (all p = 0.000). They also reported less physical activity and more sitting and screen time. Sleep time and poorer quality of sleep increased during the pandemic (p = 0.000). Feeling stress or anxiety in a day increased, and 2.2% of our participants decided to smoke. The biggest reasons for eating habits changes were less eating out, fear of coronavirus spreading through food, preferring home-cooked food, and improved knowledge about nutrition. Conclusion The results indicated that the eating habits of university students improved; however, participants stated increased weight gain, screen, sitting, and sleep time, declined physical activity, worse sleep quality, and feeling stress or anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings can help to develop nutritional and behavioral recommendations for maintaining adults' health during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rafraf
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Molani-Gol
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mina Sahebjam
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sánchez-Cantalejo Garrido C, Yucumá Conde D, Rueda MDM, Olry-de-Labry-Lima A, Martín-Ruiz E, Higueras-Callejón C, Cabrera-León A. Scoping review of the methodology of large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1217519. [PMID: 37601190 PMCID: PMC10438850 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1217519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of health surveys has been key in the scientific community to promptly communicate results about the health impact of COVID-19. But what information was collected, where, when and how, and who was the study population? Objective To describe the methodological characteristics used in large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Scoping review. Inclusion criteria: observational studies published between January 2020 and December 2021, with sample sizes of over 2,000 persons resident in Spain. Databases consulted: PubMed, CINAHL, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en CC de la Salud, Scopus, PsycINFO, Embase, Sociological Abstracts, Dialnet and Web of Science Core Collection. We analyzed the characteristics of the literature references, methodologies and information gathered in the surveys selected. Fifty five studies were included. Results Sixty percentage of the studies included had mental health as their main topic and 75% were conducted on the general adult population. Thirteen percentage had a longitudinal design, 93% used the internet to gather information and the same percentage used non-probability sampling. Thirty percentage made some type of sampling correction to reduce coverage or non-response biases, but not selection biases. Sixty seven percentage did not state the availability of their data. Conclusions Consistent with the extensive use of non-probability sampling without any bias correction in the extraordinary setting created by COVID-19, quality population frameworks are required so that probability and representative samples can be extracted quickly to promptly address other health crises, as well as to reduce potential coverage, non-response and particularly selection biases by utilizing reweighting techniques. The low data accessibility despite the huge opportunity that COVID-19 provided for Open Science-based research is striking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sánchez-Cantalejo Garrido
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María del Mar Rueda
- Department of Statistics and Operative Research, and Institute of Mathematics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Olry-de-Labry-Lima
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Granada Biosanitary Research Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Martín-Ruiz
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Cabrera-León
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Maldonado-de Santiago AI, Alemán-Castillo SE, Bezares-Sarmiento VDR, Rodríguez-Castillejos G, García-Oropesa EM, Castillo-Ruíz O. [Lifestyle in university students during confinement by COVID-19]. REVISTA MEDICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL 2023; 61:466-473. [PMID: 37540619 PMCID: PMC10484552 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8200364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthy eating and lifestyles. Objective To determine the impact on diet and lifestyle in university students in the health area of the border areas of Mexico (Tamaulipas and Chiapas) during the confinement by COVID-19. Material and methods This study was observational, descriptive, analytical, comparative cross-sectional, with convenience sampling with 409 students, 48.7% (199) from Tamaulipas, and 51.3% (210) from Chiapas. A survey with 30 items related to eating behavior and lifestyle was applied. Results found an increase in obesity in Tamaulipas from 7.5% to 8.5% and in overweight in the state of Chiapas from 21.9% to 24.8% (p=0.001). A decrease in healthy eating was observed during confinement from 61.3% to 52.8% in Tamaulipas (p = 0.05) and from 70.5% to 57.1% in Chiapas (p = 0.001), with consumption of high carbohydrate foods (41.7%) and ultra-high-fat foods predominating on the northern border. processed (13.1%), while for the southern border there was a higher consumption of fruits and vegetables (35.2%) (p = 0.06). On both borders, physical activity decreased during confinement from 61.8% to 60.3% in Tamaulipas (p = 0.09) and 69.5% to 61.0% in Chiapas (p = 0.06). 52.3% and 52.4% of students in Tamaulipas and Chiapas also reported waking up during the night (p = 0.98). Conclusions The diet and lifestyle of university students from the border areas of Mexico were affected during the confinement by COVID-19 with a decrease in the perception of healthy eating, an increase in the number of meals and a tendency to decrease in the number of meals. consumption of alcohol, tobacco and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Itzel Maldonado-de Santiago
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Departamento de Seguridad Alimentaria. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, MéxicoUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de ChiapasMéxico
| | - SanJuana Elizabeth Alemán-Castillo
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Departamento de Seguridad Alimentaria. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, MéxicoUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de ChiapasMéxico
| | - Vidalma del Rosario Bezares-Sarmiento
- Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Coordinación. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, MéxicoUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de ChiapasMéxico
| | - Guadalupe Rodríguez-Castillejos
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de TamaulipasMéxico
| | - Esperanza Milagros García-Oropesa
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Coordinación de la maestría en Análisis clínicos. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de TamaulipasMéxico
| | - Octelina Castillo-Ruíz
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Departamento de Seguridad Alimentaria. Reynosa, Tamaulipas, MéxicoUniversidad de Ciencias y Artes de ChiapasMéxico
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Nava-González EJ, Camacho-López S, Zamora-Ozoria AA, Parra-Soto S, Ríos-Castillo I, Cordón-Arrivillaga K, Ortiz A, Contreras-Silva MY, Contreras-Silva MY, de León-Gutiérrez H, Elizondo-Omaña GG, Carpio-Arias V, Bejarano-Roncancio JJ, Landaeta-Díaz L. [Diet and body weight at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico]. REVISTA MEDICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL 2023; 61:433-439. [PMID: 37535983 PMCID: PMC10484542 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Weight changes in adults have strong repercussions on people's health status. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these changes could be more evident due to the mandatory confinement, as well as eating habits and lifestyle. In this study, changes in diet and body weight in Mexican population at the beginning of COVID-19 lockdown period (weeks 4-7) were evaluated using an online survey. Objective To identify the characteristics of the diet and the perceived change in body weight at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Material and methods Descriptive, cross-sectional study of 1281 people over 18 years of age, electronic survey in weeks 4-7 of confinement with sociodemographic data, food consumption and perception of body weight. Results The change in food consumption was 53.9%, finding differences according to gender in beverages (carbonated, juices, alcoholic), coffee/tea, fruits, legumes (p < 0.05). The perception of body weight increases by 3.4 (increased) and 2.1 (lowered) times more than the risk of change in diet. Conclusions The dietary differences refer to a tendency to the type of food consumed, mainly sugary drinks, with the perception of changes in positive body weight in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna J. Nava-González
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Licenciatura en Nutrición. Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMéxico
| | - Saby Camacho-López
- Academia AMIR México. Ciudad de México, MéxicoAcademia AMIR MéxicoMéxico
| | - Anyelin Arale Zamora-Ozoria
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Licenciatura en Nutrición. Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMéxico
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- Universidad del Bío-Bío, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública. Chillán, ChileUniversidad del Bío-BíoChile
| | - Israel Ríos-Castillo
- Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Oficina Subregional de la FAO para Mesoamérica. Ciudad de Panamá, PanamáOrganización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la AgriculturaPanamá
| | - Karla Cordón-Arrivillaga
- Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Escuela de Nutrición, Unidad de Investigación en Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional. San Carlos de Guatemala, GuatemalaUniversidad de San Carlos de GuatemalaGuatemala
| | - Alfonsina Ortiz
- Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Nutrición. Montevideo, UruguayUniversidad Católica del UruguayUruguay
| | - María Yvette Contreras-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Licenciatura en Nutrición. Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMéxico
| | - María Yvette Contreras-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Licenciatura en Nutrición. Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMéxico
| | - Humberto de León-Gutiérrez
- Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, Oficina Subregional de la FAO para Mesoamérica. Ciudad de Panamá, PanamáOrganización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la AgriculturaPanamá
| | - Gabriela Guadalupe Elizondo-Omaña
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Licenciatura en Nutrición. Monterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMéxico
| | - Valeria Carpio-Arias
- Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Salud Pública, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Humana. Riobamba, EcuadorUniversidad de MonterreyEcuador
| | - Jhon Jairo Bejarano-Roncancio
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Nutrición Humana. Bogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaColombia
| | - Leslie Landaeta-Díaz
- Universidad de Las Américas, Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Santiago, ChileUniversidad de Las AméricasArgentina
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Nduka I, Kabasinguzi I, Ali N, Ochepo P, Abdy D, Cook EJ, Egbutah C, Cartwright S, Randhawa G. The impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities in the United Kingdom (UK): a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1466. [PMID: 37525154 PMCID: PMC10391900 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in health behaviours, which include eating patterns and nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleeping patterns, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. There is a dearth of evidence reporting the impact of COVID-19 on the health behaviour of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities. This scoping review synthesises the available evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among BAME communities in the UK. METHODS Following a keyword strategy, 16 electronic databases were searched for articles that met the screening criteria. These articles were then reviewed in full text. Empirical studies that assessed COVID-19 related health behaviour changes among BAME communities in the UK, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between July 2020 and August 2021 and published in English language, were set as inclusion criteria. An initial 2160 studies were identified in the selected databases. After removing duplications and screening the title and abstracts of the 2154 studies, only 4 studies were selected to be reviewed as they met the inclusion criteria. The included studies employed different sample sizes which ranged from N = 47 to N = 30,375 and reported several health behaviour changes. Out of the 4 included studies, 3 studies included BAME groups within their sample as a subgroup while one study focused specifically on BAME groups. RESULTS The scoping review found that there were lower levels of physical activity among BAME groups compared to the White ethnic groups. About 41.7% of BAME groups reported drinking less alcohol than usual compared to their white counterparts who were 34%. Study participants from BAME backgrounds had the greatest effect of COVID-19 on decisions to purchase healthier food compared to those from white backgrounds whose decisions on purchasing healthier food were least affected. Some participants reported an increase in positive hygiene practices due to the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION COVID-19 had a significant impact on the health behaviours of BAME groups especially during the lockdowns as they reported changes to behaviour such as low levels of physical activities. Hence, it is important to promote health awareness among BAME groups to encourage healthy living. In addition, programmes such as physical fitness activities that favour BAME groups should be put in place, for example BAME women's walking groups to encourage people from BAME backgrounds to engage in physical activities. Furthermore, healthy food programmes such as food parcels can be given to people from BAME backgrounds who are not able to afford healthy food due to the impact of COVID-19. Nonetheless, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased positive hygiene among BAME groups which is important in preventing other diseases and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifunanya Nduka
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | - Nasreen Ali
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK.
| | - Peter Ochepo
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - David Abdy
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | | | | | - Gurch Randhawa
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
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Tormo-Santamaria M, Català-Oltra L, Pereto-Rovira A, Ruíz-García Á, Bernabeu-Mestre J. Culinary and Gastronomic Practices during the Periods of Restrictions on Movement Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Province of Alicante (Spain). Foods 2023; 12:2838. [PMID: 37569106 PMCID: PMC10417552 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The third wave of COVID-19 had a large impact on the autonomous Region of Valencia, which gave rise to restrictions on movement and access to collective eating establishments. The objective of this study is to analyse the culinary and gastronomic behaviour exhibited by the population of the province of Alicante during the period of restrictions, in early 2021, in order to compare the results with an identical survey carried out during the first lockdown of 2020. METHODS observational and repeated cross-sectional study. RESULTS The frequency and time dedicated to cooking were similar, as was the tendency to cook as a family, although the percentage of meals ate alone increased and the presence of audiovisual devices during meals persisted. Recipes, cookbooks, websites and online courses became the principal sources of learning and the self-perception of improvements in culinary skills was greater. The cooking of traditional dishes of the Mediterranean diet predominated to the detriment of ready meals, but 41.6% of those surveyed preferred to improvise. The recipes most consulted were those for main courses. CONCLUSIONS In spite of certain changes and setbacks, which in many cases led to a regression to the situation prior to the pandemic, many of the improvements made during the lockdown of 2020 persisted. Changes were made in culinary and gastronomic practices that can help to achieve a more conscious, healthy and sustainable diet but which require educational policies and actions to reinforce and consolidate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tormo-Santamaria
- Carmencita Chair of Gastronomic Flavor Studies, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain; (Á.R.-G.); (J.B.-M.)
- Balmis Research Group on the History of Science, Health Care and Food, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Lluís Català-Oltra
- Department of Sociology II, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain
- CRITERI: Critical Socioeconomics and Territory, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain
| | | | - Ángeles Ruíz-García
- Carmencita Chair of Gastronomic Flavor Studies, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain; (Á.R.-G.); (J.B.-M.)
- GASTERRA, Mediterranean Gastronomy Centre, University of Alicante, 03700 Dénia, Spain;
| | - Josep Bernabeu-Mestre
- Carmencita Chair of Gastronomic Flavor Studies, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain; (Á.R.-G.); (J.B.-M.)
- Balmis Research Group on the History of Science, Health Care and Food, University of Alicante, 03690 Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Spain
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Lemos M, Maia RL, Teixeira P. Access to Information, and Concerns, Myths and Truths about Food Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview of the Portuguese Population. Foods 2023; 12:2802. [PMID: 37509894 PMCID: PMC10380000 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic raised questions and concerns about the possibility of the virus being transmitted through food, as the virus was found in sewage, shrimps and packages of frozen food. During the first wave of COVID-19, concerns about the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through food arose. As the number of cases began to increase rapidly, so did the availability of information regarding the virus and ways to prevent infection. A significant portion of this information was disseminated by the media and the general public. Identifying and understanding the main doubts and concerns about food hygiene and safety raised by the Portuguese population during the first wave of COVID-19 is important in order to understand whether these issues have influenced their practices and what lessons can be learnt for food safety and hygiene education. The aims of this work were (1) to understand the doubts and concerns of the Portuguese population regarding food safety and hygiene during the first wave of COVID-19, and how these issues were clarified, (2) to analyze the population's opinion on food/hygiene myths and truths related to the transmission and prevention of the infection, and (3) to understand how the first wave of COVID-19 may have influenced the population's practices linked to food handling and consumption. The main doubts of the respondents were related to food handling (41.6%) and the possibility of transmission of COVID-19 through food (17%). Television was the main source of information used to clarify these doubts (32.9%), followed by a guideline issued by the Directorate-General of Health (30.7%). However, most respondents (50.9%) said that they had only found answers to some of their questions. Most respondents reported washing and disinfecting hands before (85% and 63.4%, respectively) and after (73.8% and 57.3%, respectively) the handling and organization of food purchases. Most respondents did not believe the myths about COVID-19 and food safety, but this depended on their level of education. Some practices may have changed as a result of the pandemic, particularly with regard to washing and disinfecting hands and food, as well as kitchen hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lemos
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Leandro Maia
- CITCEM-Centro de Investigação Transdisciplinar «Cultura, Espaço e Memória», Faculdade de Letras do Porto, Universidade do Porto, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal
- FP I3ID-Institute for Research, Innovation and Development Fernando Pessoa Foundation, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Teixeira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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Gomes D, Pinto R, Veigas E, Silva CR, Mendes ML, Camões S, Oliveira C, Correia J, Coelho MC. The Influence of Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Weight Management in Patients With Obesity in Portugal. Cureus 2023; 15:e42036. [PMID: 37593260 PMCID: PMC10431912 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic and multifactorial disease, and the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have led to changes in the lifestyle habits of those patients. This study aimed to compare compliance with dietary and lifestyle measures, physical activity, mental health status, and motivation to lose weight during the pandemic in these patients. METHODS An observational study was conducted, which included 63 patients over 18 years old who were followed in the outpatient setting through obesity medical appointments and who agreed to answer a questionnaire. RESULTS We found that the majority of patients lost weight during the pandemic (61.7%), associating it with a 68% change in dietary habits. Regarding physical activity, there was a 34.9% reduction in its practice among those who used to exercise before the pandemic. Moreover, 52.4% felt more anxious and 44.4% felt sadder during the lockdown. DISCUSSION The weight loss reported in our study seems to be related to a decrease in the consumption of carbohydrates and snacks and a lower percentage of those who relied on takeaways. Additionally, we hypothesize a greater number of home-cooked meals. Regarding exercise, the closure of gyms and the limitations imposed on daily life appear to have contributed unfavorably to this matter. Home confinement, loneliness, and a lack of social activities had harmful effects on the mental health of our sample. CONCLUSION Overall, the hostile influence of the pandemic on mental well-being and exercise habits was evident. Nevertheless, contrary to our expectations, we observed weight loss during the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Gomes
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | - Raquel Pinto
- Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | - Elisa Veigas
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | | | - Miguel L Mendes
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | - Sofia Camões
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | | | - Jorge Correia
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
| | - Maria C Coelho
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, PRT
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Ahmed J, AlSaleh A, Almarabheh AJ, Ismail LC, Almuqahwi AAM, AlOmer HWA, AlAlhareth IM, Albader SJM, Alhajeri SS, Al Dhaheri AS. Lifestyle and Dietary Patterns during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bahrain: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112543. [PMID: 37299508 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, perceived weight, sleep, and physical activity worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this study, we aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on these lifestyle factors in Bahrain. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1005 adult Bahrainis. Data were collected online using a structured and validated questionnaire for the assessment of eating habits, physical activity, and lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were snowballed through those who agreed to answer the online questionnaire. There was a higher consumption of fast food, and a higher dependence on takeaways during the COVID-19 pandemic. About 63.5% of the participants consumed >4 meals per day, compared to 36.5% before the COVID-19. About 30% reported consumption of sugar sweetened beverages from two to three times a day. Weight loss was predominantly observed in persons exercising 1-3 times a week. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was also high, with about 19% reporting drinking sweet beverages once every day, 10.6% from two to three times a day, and 40.4% from one to four times a week. A higher proportion of the participants reported poor sleep quality during the pandemic (31.2%) compared to before (12.2%), and 39.7% of the participants reported feeling lazy. Screen time use also doubled during the pandemic, with participants spending more than five hours per day on screens for entertainment, which went from 22.4% before to 51.9% during the pandemic. The lifestyle and dietary habits changed drastically for our study participants during the pandemic. The increased reliance on processed fast food instead of healthier options is a challenge to be tackled in any future pandemic situation. Future research needs to focus on strategies to promote healthier lifestyle modifications during situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Aseel AlSaleh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Amer J Almarabheh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Aysha A M Almuqahwi
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Hussa W A AlOmer
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Ibrahim M AlAlhareth
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Sabiha J M Albader
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Saad S Alhajeri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain
| | - Ayesha S Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Abdelkawy K, Elbarbry F, El-Masry SM, Zakaria AY, Rodríguez-Pérez C, El-Khodary NM. Changes in dietary habits during Covid-19 lockdown in Egypt: the Egyptian COVIDiet study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:956. [PMID: 37231373 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15777-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 lockdown changed social habits and lifestyle, including dietary habits, of people worldwide. However, limited information is available about these changes in Egypt. This cross-sectional study investigates the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on dietary habits among the Egyptian populations. METHODS An online questionnaire, based on sociodemographic data and dietary adherence in accordance with the validated PREDIMED MedDiet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), was used all over the Egyptian governorates. The dietary changes were statistically evaluated for significance in relation to age, gender, body mass index (BMI), education level and governorates. RESULTS A total of 1010 participants (76% aged below 36 years, 77% female, 22% obese, and 62% university-level education) answered the questionnaire. Respondents ≤ 20 years had a significant increase in weight and consumption of carbonated beverages, commercial pastries, fried and fast food. Egyptians > 50 years old had a significant decrease in physical activity. Underweight people (less than 3% of participants) increased their fast food intake with a prominent rise in weight. However, obese people increased cooking frequency and increased eating times with a decrease in physical activity. Male participants reported increased intake of carbonated beverages and fast food, while female participants increased the intake of homemade pastries with a significant decrease in physical activity. Approximately 50% of participants with postgraduate education reported decreased intake of fast food and carbonated beverages as well as decreased body weight. Residents of Cairo showed a significant increase in vegetable intake, and fried food intake with a decrease in seafood consumption. Participants from the Delta region had a significant increase in pastries intake. CONCLUSION The findings of this study explored the need for increasing awareness about healthy lifestyle in future lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdelkawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Soha M El-Masry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Amr Y Zakaria
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, 18017, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'José Mataix', University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, 18012, Spain
| | - Noha M El-Khodary
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt.
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Hajipoor M, Rahbarinejad P, Irankhah K, Sobhani SR. Comparing food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of household income and expenditure survey data in Iran. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:43. [PMID: 37198656 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the outbreak of the infectious disease COVID-19 as a pandemic. The health strategies of nations lead to possible changes in lifestyle and increase poor eating habits. Hence, the purpose of this study is to compare food consumption during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) conducted annually by the Statistical Centre of Iran. Food cost data of HIES included the amount of all food items in household food baskets during the last month. Then, they were classified into six food groups to evaluate their energy intake. The consequence of food consumption was analyzed as a function of socioeconomic status (SES) variables and residence pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In total, 75,885 households (83.5% male) were included in the study. Among the population of urban and rural areas as well as in different SES categories, people tended to increase the consumption of meat (P < 0.05) and fresh foods, especially vegetable groups (P < 0.001) and decrease the consumption of fruit (P < 0.001), fat and sweets groups (P < 0.05) and also in energy intake (P < 0.05). Macronutrient changes were different in the category of SES, urban and rural. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic had different effects on food groups, energy and macronutrients consumption, which could be due to possible changes in food patterns as a result of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Hajipoor
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pegah Rahbarinejad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiyavash Irankhah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Monroe-Lord L, Harrison E, Ardakani A, Duan X, Spechler L, Jeffery TD, Jackson P. Changes in Food Consumption Trends among American Adults since the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2023; 15:1769. [PMID: 37049609 PMCID: PMC10096875 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality and quantity of food consumption have changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we examined how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the consumption of different food groups in order to close the research gap by providing current evidence that reflects a later stage of the pandemic compared to other circulating research conducted at earlier stages. Data collection for this cross-sectional study was performed via an online Qualtrics survey from 10,050 adults aged 40-100 years. Nutritional status was measured using the 24-item short-form Dietary Screening Tool (DST) twice: before and since the COVID-19 pandemic. The DST questions were categorized based on MyPlate items, along with fat, sugar, and sweet items, as well as nutritional supplement intake. In addition, the total DST score was calculated for each participant, which categorized them into one of three groups: "at risk", "possible risk", and "not at risk". The results revealed that the consumption of grains, fruit, lean protein, and dairy decreased significantly, while the consumption of fat, sugar, and sweet items increased significantly due to COVID-19. The biggest decreases in consumption of food subcategories were related to whole grain bread and cereal, followed by fruit as a snack, in comparison with other types of grain and fruit. No changes in the consumption of vegetables, processed meat, or supplement intake were seen. The total DST score showed that, before and since COVID-19, the overall nutrition status of adult Americans has been at risk. In addition, of those participants who were not at risk before COVID-19, 28.5% were either at risk or at possible risk since COVID-19; moreover, of those participants who were at possible risk before COVID-19, 21% were at risk since COVID-19. As a good nutritional status can reduce the risk of severe illness or even mortality rate in times of crisis, the findings of this study can help policymakers and health educators to develop heath-protecting behavior sessions against future pandemics to manage crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillie Monroe-Lord
- College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | | | - Azam Ardakani
- College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Xuejling Duan
- Data Analytics, McDaniel College, 2 College Hill, Westminster, MD 21157, USA
| | - Lily Spechler
- College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Tia D. Jeffery
- College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Phronie Jackson
- College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
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Doğan G, Özyildirim C, Yabanci Ayhan N. Supplementation use and diet changes during COVID-19 pandemic according to anxiety level and Mediterranean diet adherence. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:122-129. [PMID: 36963853 PMCID: PMC9873361 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aim; This study was planned and conducted to examine the change in food consumption and nutritional supplement use during the COVID-19 pandemic according to individuals' status of anxiety and Mediterranean diet adherence. Methods; This prospective, cross-sectional research was completed online with the participation of 949 people (66.4% women). The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener Scale (MEDAS) and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were applied. After this section of the questionnaire was completed, the participants were tasked with answering questions regarding changes in food consumption and use of nutritional supplements during the pandemic. Results; While 50.8% of the participants had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 18.2% were considered to have a high adherence. It was observed that legume (p = 0.001), milk and dairy (p = 0.01), and fruit (p < 0.001) consumption of participants with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased during the pandemic, and packaged food (p < 0.001) consumption decreased. The increase in the consumption of fruit (p < 0.001) and vegetables (p = 0.018) were significantly higher in the group with anxiety. Age, sex, educational status, positive COVID-19 test, place of residence, CAS score and MEDAS score affect the use of dietary supplements according to binary logistic regression (R2 = 0.106 p < 0.001). The three most commonly used supplements were identified as vitamins C, D and B12. Conclusions: These results can shed light on how to prepare for possible future pandemics when it comes to dealing with anxiety through diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökcen Doğan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara University, Fatih Cad. No:197 Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Caner Özyildirim
- Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Akdeniz University, Dumlupınar Boulevard 07058, Konyaaltı, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara University, Fatih Cad. No:197 Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
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Castro-Cuesta JY, Montoro-García S, Sánchez-Macarro M, Carmona Martínez M, Espinoza Marenco IC, Pérez-Camacho A, Martínez-Pastor A, Abellán-Alemán J. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in first-year university students and its association with lifestyle-related factors: A cross-sectional study. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2023; 40:65-74. [PMID: 36244967 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Students' dietary habits are moving from Mediterranean diet guidelines towards unhealthy eating patterns. The aim of this study was to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a sample of Spanish university students and its association with lifestyle factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 685 university students who completed a self-report questionnaire. The data collected included demographic characteristics, dietary habits, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed by measuring the consumption of the foods that compose this type of diet through a score (range 0-10). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was considered poor, average, or good. RESULTS The mean adherence score for the Mediterranean diet was 4.9 (1.2) points out of 10. A higher degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in physically active students (OR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.05-5.10; p=0.038). Students who performed ≥150min/week of physical activity (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.33-0.62; p<0.001) and those over 25 years old (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.26-0.73; p=0.002) were less prone to low adherence to the Mediterranean diet than sedentary and younger students. CONCLUSION The university students have poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results of the current study indicate that age and physical activity are associated with Mediterranean diet adherence. It is urgent to raise awareness among university students and implement intervention programmes promoting a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Castro-Cuesta
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - S Montoro-García
- Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - M Sánchez-Macarro
- Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - M Carmona Martínez
- Administración y Dirección de Empresas, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y de la Empresa, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - I C Espinoza Marenco
- Máster en Geriatría, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - A Pérez-Camacho
- Cirugía Endovascular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - A Martínez-Pastor
- Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España
| | - J Abellán-Alemán
- Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, España.
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Adams WM, Zaplatosch ME, Glenn SE, Butts CL, Scarneo-Miller SE. Characterizing fluid intake and physical activity in university students within the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1165-1184. [PMID: 36449091 PMCID: PMC9709366 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study determined fluid intake and physical activity behaviors among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS College students (n = 1014; females, 75.6%) completed an online survey during the Spring 2020 academic semester following the initial global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic standing, habitation situation, and University/College responses to COVID-19 were collected. Participants completed the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and a 15-item Beverage Questionnaire (BEVQ-15) to determine physical activity level and fluid intake behaviors, respectively. RESULTS Females (1920 ± 960 mL) consumed significantly less fluid than males (2400 ± 1270 mL, p < 0.001). Living off-campus (p < 0.01) and living with a spouse/partner (p < 0.01) was associated with increased consumption of alcoholic beverages. 88.7% of participants reported being at least moderately active; however, Black/African American and Asian participants were more likely to be less active than their Caucasian/White counterparts (p < 0.05). Participants reporting no change in habitation in response to COVID-19 had a higher fluid intake (p = 0.002); however, the plain water consumption remained consistent (p = 0.116). While there was no effect of habitation or suspension of classes on physical activity levels (p > 0.05), greater self-reported physical activity was associated with greater fluid intake (std. β = 0.091, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Fluid intake among college students during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic approximated current daily fluid intake recommendations. Associations between COVID-19-related disruptions (i.e., suspension of classes and changes in habitation) and increased alcohol intake are concerning and may suggest the need for the development of targeted strategies and programming to attenuate the execution of negative health-related behaviors in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Adams
- Division of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, 1 Olympic Plaza, Colorado Springs, CO, 80909, USA.
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
- Hydration, Environment, and Thermal Stress Lab, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Mitchell E Zaplatosch
- Hydration, Environment, and Thermal Stress Lab, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Shaylynn E Glenn
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA
| | - Cory L Butts
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA
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Ng GF, Cheng SH. Weight gain, poor mental health and increased sedentary hours among Malaysian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutr Health 2023:2601060231164434. [PMID: 36938597 PMCID: PMC10028682 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231164434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Movement Control Orders (MCO) in Malaysia due to the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the lifestyle behaviours, weight changes, and mental health of the population. AIM To determine the changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, body weight status and mental health status among Malaysian adults before and during the pandemic. METHODS A total of 338 Malaysian adults participated in this cross-sectional online study. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were self-reported. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) while the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) were used to examine stress, depression and anxiety, respectively. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28.0. RESULTS The results showed an average weight gain of 0.6 kg among the participants with 45.5% of them experiencing weight gain. In addition, sedentary behaviour (p < 0.001), PSS-10 score (p < 0.001), PHQ-9 score (p = 0.002) and GAD-7 score (p = 0.001) were significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic whereas the level of physical activity was significantly decreased (p = 0.003) during the pandemic. Weight changes during the pandemic were found to be associated with age, sedentary hours, and PHQ-9 score. Through binary logistic regression, sedentary hours (AOR = 1.068, 95% CI = 1.002-1.139, p = 0.043) were identified to be a risk factor for weight gain during the pandemic. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that public health interventions to prevent weight gain should focus on strategies to increase physical activity for sedentary lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi-Hui Cheng
- Shi-Hui Cheng, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Jln Broga, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia.
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Bou Fakhreddine L, Martínez MG, Sánchez M, Schnettler B. Consumers' willingness to pay for health claims during the COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediation analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH 2023; 11:100523. [PMID: 36777477 PMCID: PMC9897873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a substantial threat to people's lives and raised health concerns. This research explores the mediating role of consumers' attitudes towards health claims in the relationship between consumers' interest in health claims and their willingness to pay (WTP) for health claims in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Additionally, we examine the moderation effect of COVID-19 risk perception in the relationship between consumers' interest in and attitudes towards health claims. Data were collected through an online survey in three countries: Spain, the UK and Chile. Findings confirm the mediating role of consumers' attitudes towards health claims. Furthermore, the relationship between consumers' interest and their attitudes towards health claims was stronger when COVID-19 risk perception was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bou Fakhreddine
- Department of Business, Public University of Navarra, Edificio Madroños, Campus Arrosadia, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Sánchez
- Department of Business, Public University of Navarra, Edificio Madroños, Campus Arrosadia, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Berta Schnettler
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Bioren-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
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Van Laren A, Drießen M, Rasa S, Massar K, Ten Hoor GA. Nutritional changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid scoping review on the impact of psychological factors. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:124-187. [PMID: 36823035 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2180613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 and the resulting measures to curb the spread of the virus have significantly changed our lives, including our nutritional choices. In this rapid scoping review an overview is provided of what psychological factors may be associated with peoples' eating behaviour during COVID-19 restrictions. Relevant literature was identified using PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases from 2019 onwards. For included studies, information on study characteristics, eating behaviours, and psychological factors were extracted. 118 articles were included, representing 30 countries. Findings indicated that most people consumed more and unhealthy food in times of COVID-19 restrictions, while some consumed less but often for the wrong reasons. Several psychological factors, related to (1) affective reactions, (2) anxiety, fear and worriers, (3) stress and (4) subjective and mental wellbeing were found to be associated with this increase in food consumption. These outcomes may help to be better inform future interventions, and with that, to be better prepared in case of future lockdown scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Van Laren
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mona Drießen
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophia Rasa
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gill A Ten Hoor
- Department Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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AlBlooshi S, AlFalasi M, Taha Z, El Ktaibi F, Khalid A. The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on lifestyle indicators in the United Arab Emirates. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1123894. [PMID: 36860383 PMCID: PMC9968935 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1123894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 is a virus that has spread rapidly and brought economic and social crises all around the world. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits, physical activity, food purchasing, smoking, and sleeping patterns in the United Arab Emirates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire between November 1st, 2020 and the end of January 2021. Citizens and residents of the UAE aged ≥ 18 years old were asked to complete an anonymous electronic questionnaire created via Google Forms and distributed on various platforms, such as WhatsApp, Twitter, and email. A total of 1682 subjects participated in the study. Results The results included that during the COVID-19 lockdown, more participants (44.4%) reported an increase in weight. This gain seems to be linked to increased food consumption [(Adjusted Odd Ratio) AOR = 1.68, 95% (Confidence Interval) CI = 1.12, 2.54, p = 0.022], decreased physical activity (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.58, 3.21, p < 0.001), and increased smoking (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.50, p = 0.038). The groups that were most likely to gain weight included those who consumed more cereals (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.57, p = 0.011), had an increased desire for sweets (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.50, 3.19, p < 0.001), and an increased desire for food (hunger) (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.53, 3.14, p < 0.001). In contrast, those who exercised more were more likely to lose weight (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44, 0.86, p < 0.001) as well as those who slept over 9 h a day (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.88, p = 0.006). Discussion Overall, it is essential to promote healthy habits and methods of healthy diet maintenance during stressful and unusual times when people might find it difficult to put effort into their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifa AlBlooshi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,*Correspondence: Sharifa AlBlooshi ✉
| | - Maryam AlFalasi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zainab Taha
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farid El Ktaibi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alia Khalid
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Magalhães P, Pereira B, Garcia F, Vilas C, Moreira T, Rosário P. Changes in Student's Breakfast and Snack Consumption during the Second COVID-19 Lockdown in Portugal: A Five-Wave Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3034. [PMID: 36833732 PMCID: PMC9960398 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The circumstances of the COVID-19 lockdown affected many students' life spheres, including their feeding patterns and snack intake. The main goals of the present study were to: (a) analyze the changes in students' breakfast and snacking consumption during lockdown, and (b) analyze changes in the content of the students' snacks using the Healthy Eating Index. This study analyzed data from a sample of 726 students from 36 classes from the late elementary (i.e., fifth grade) through high school (i.e., twelfth grade) from two public schools in the north of Portugal. Data were collected in five moments during the 2020/2021 school year, pre-, during, and post-second lockdown moments. Throughout the five moments, almost 90% of the students ate breakfast, and the majority brought snacks from home to eat in school. Surprisingly, there was an increase in the quality of the snacks consumed during lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown moments (e.g., consumption of more whole and total fruits and less consumption of food with added sugar, saturated fats, refined grains, and fatty acids). Suggestions for healthy behavior promotion will be discussed, such as improving the school food environment and teaching children to prepare healthy lunch boxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Magalhães
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, 4710-052 Braga, Portugal
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Romero I, Díez J, Del Cura I, Franco M, Gullón P. Diet Quality Changes by Educational Level among Adults in Spain from 2017 to 2021. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040858. [PMID: 36839216 PMCID: PMC9961002 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing attention on addressing socioeconomic disparities in diet quality, longitudinal studies are scarce. Furthermore, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet-related outcomes are yet to be fully understood. We examined changes in diet quality by educational level among adults in Madrid, Spain. We used data from recruitment (in 2017) and from 2021. At baseline, our sample included 1358 adults aged 40-75 years who were free of cardiovascular disease and completed a validated diet quality screener. Of them, 931 answered the survey in the follow-up visit in 2021. We used participants' diet quality index scores (range: 18-54; higher scores indicate better diet quality) as the dependent variable. As our independent variable, we assessed participants' educational levels (low, medium, and high). We fitted a multinomial regression using the categories of educational level as the main predictor, adjusting for age, sex, country of origin, and household composition. During the study period, 78.0% of participants sustained their diet quality, 11.6% improved it, and 10.4% moved away from a healthier dietary pattern. In descriptive analyses, we observed an increase in diet quality among less-educated females. Unadjusted multinomial models showed that a lower educational level predicted both increases and decreases in diet quality over the period. Even though the median diet quality scores did not change significantly, we observed heterogeneous changes over the four years. Variability within diet, with some improving and some worsening, seems to have increased among participants with lower educational levels. Future studies should look at the determinants of change in these population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Romero
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Julia Díez
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Isabel Del Cura
- Primary Care Research Unit, Madrid Health Service, 28035 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain
- Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC) & Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Franco
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pedro Gullón
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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Um CY, Hodge RA, McCullough ML. Change in Diet Quality and Meal Sources during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Diverse Subset of Men and Women in the Cancer Prevention Study-3. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040849. [PMID: 36839207 PMCID: PMC9962248 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in restrictive measures that caused disruptions in behaviors that may have long-term consequences on diet, health, and chronic disease risk. The aim of this study was to assess longitudinal changes in diet quality from before to during the pandemic among 2335 adult participants (816 males and 1519 females; aged 36-78) of the Cancer Prevention Study-3 cohort. We compared dietary screeners conducted in 2018 and 2020 and calculated a diet quality score, which assigned higher points for recommended foods. Overall diet quality slightly improved among all participants from before to during the pandemic, particularly among males (+0.45 points, p < 0.001), White participants (+0.24 points, p < 0.001), and participants reporting weight loss (+0.66 points, p < 0.001 for 2.25 -< 4.5 kg loss; +1.04 points, p < 0.001 for ≥4.5 kg loss); change in diet quality did not differ by other sociodemographic factors. Reported consumption of most food groups decreased, especially whole grains (-0.17 servings/day, p < 0.001) and vegetables (-0.21 servings/day, p < 0.001), primarily among females, Black participants, and participants who gained ≥2.25 kg. The frequency of meals from outside the home decreased, especially in full-service restaurants (-0.47 times/week, p < 0.001) and for ready-to-eat meals (-0.37 times/week, p < 0.001). Declines in whole grain and vegetable consumption raise concerns for weight gain in these populations and increased risk of poor metabolic health and chronic disease.
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Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on the Health-Related Habits of People at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040841. [PMID: 36839200 PMCID: PMC9967931 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The general lockdown decreed in Spain due to the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the ALAS health promotion intervention aimed at the population at high risk of suffering from type 2 diabetes. We conducted a descriptive study in 2020 through a telephone survey and a comparison with baseline data to determine the impact of confinement on the lifestyles of the participants. We collected sociodemographic variables and conducted assessments before/after confinement on general health status and lifestyle (sleep, physical activity and diet). Additionally, weight, BMI and adherence to a Mediterranean diet were assessed. Descriptive statistical analyses, comparisons of pre-post confinement data and logistic regression were carried out. A total of 387 individuals responded. Among them, 31.8% reported a worse perception of health after confinement, and 63,1% reported no change. Regarding exercise, 61.1% reduced their weekly physical activity time. Regarding diet, 34,4% perceived worse quality, and 53.4% reported no change, despite the fact that 89.4% declared changes in their eating practices. Weight and BMI decreased by 3,1%, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet improved from baseline. Confinement had a negative impact on the general health, diet, sleep and physical activity of this population (at risk of diabetes); however, weight and BMI decreased, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet improved.
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Qi L, Yu Q, Liang Z, Lu Y, Ma Z, Hou C, Zhu Z, Chen L. Psychological responses and dietary changes of residents during the local outbreak of COVID-19 in the post-epidemic era: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32792. [PMID: 36749230 PMCID: PMC9902000 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a dramatic impact on the psychological state and dietary behavior of individuals. Many previous studies have discussed the psychological and dietary problems during the first COVID-19 pandemic. However, few papers have discussed them during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-epidemic era. To explore the psychological responses and the influencing factors, dietary changes and the relationship with psychological responses during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-epidemic era. Methods: A total 3790 residents were surveyed by online questionnaire to collect information about social demography, health status, local outbreak related information, lifestyle changes, anxiety and depression. Binary logistic regression was used to discuss the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. Kendall tau-b correlation coefficient was used to discuss the relationship between anxiety, depression and dietary changes. Self-perceived physical condition, chronic disease, lockdown or quarantine, fear of COVID-19, changes in smoking, drinking and physical activity were the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. The top 3 foods with increased intake were drinking water, fresh fruits and fresh vegetables, while the top 3 foods with reduced intake were puffed foods, fried foods and sugary foods. Dietary changes were correlated with generalized anxiety disorder-7 and patient health questionnaire-9 scores. These findings provide experience and clues for local governments to improve the psychological status and dietary habits of residents during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Qi
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingtao Yu
- Department of endocrinology, The People’s Hospital of Huaiyin Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengyan Liang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second People’s Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihua Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chujie Hou
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Liyong Chen
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * Correspondence: Liyong Chen, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China (e-mail: )
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