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Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhu M, Liu K, Zhang HL. Gut flora in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathogenesis and treatment. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1480-1488. [PMID: 38051890 PMCID: PMC10883522 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Although current first-line therapies can help manage symptoms and slow down disease progression, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis. The gut-brain axis refers to complex communications between the gut flora and the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, which bridges the functions of the gut and the brain. Disruptions in the gut flora, termed dysbiosis, can lead to systemic inflammation, leaky gut syndrome, and increased susceptibility to infections. The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and gut flora may play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses related to multiple sclerosis. To develop more effective therapies for multiple sclerosis, we should further uncover the disease processes involved in multiple sclerosis and gain a better understanding of the gut-brain axis. This review provides an overview of the role of the gut flora in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China
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Qu K, Li MX, Gan L, Cui ZT, Li JJ, Yang R, Dong M. To analyze the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites and migraine: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1325047. [PMID: 38690367 PMCID: PMC11058981 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1325047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested in several observational studies that migraines are associated with the gut microbiota. It remains unclear, however, how the gut microbiota and migraines are causally related. Methods We performed a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for the gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium (n = 18,340) and the Dutch Microbiota Project (n = 7,738). Pooled GWAS data for plasma metabolites were obtained from four different human metabolomics studies. GWAS summary data for migraine (cases = 48,975; controls = 450,381) were sourced from the International Headache Genetics Consortium. We used inverse-variance weighting as the primary analysis. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the estimated results. We also conducted reverse mendelian randomization when a causal relationship between exposure and migraine was found. Results LachnospiraceaeUCG001 (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.20) was a risk factor for migraine. Blautia (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99), Eubacterium (nodatum group; OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and Bacteroides fragilis (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-1.00) may have a suggestive association with a lower migraine risk. Functional pathways of methionine synthesis (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.95) associated with microbiota abundance and plasma hydrocinnamate (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73-1.00), which are downstream metabolites of Blautia and Bacteroides fragilis, respectively, may also be associated with lower migraine risk. No causal association between migraine and the gut microbiota or metabolites was found in reverse mendelian randomization analysis. Both significant horizontal pleiotropy and significant heterogeneity were not clearly identified. Conclusion This Mendelian randomization analysis showed that LachnospiraceaeUCG001 was associated with an increased risk of migraine, while some bacteria in the gut microbiota may reduce migraine risk. These findings provide a reference for a deeper comprehension of the role of the gut-brain axis in migraine as well as possible targets for treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Dong
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhou X, Shen X, Johnson JS, Spakowicz DJ, Agnello M, Zhou W, Avina M, Honkala A, Chleilat F, Chen SJ, Cha K, Leopold S, Zhu C, Chen L, Lyu L, Hornburg D, Wu S, Zhang X, Jiang C, Jiang L, Jiang L, Jian R, Brooks AW, Wang M, Contrepois K, Gao P, Rose SMSF, Tran TDB, Nguyen H, Celli A, Hong BY, Bautista EJ, Dorsett Y, Kavathas PB, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Snyder MP. Longitudinal profiling of the microbiome at four body sites reveals core stability and individualized dynamics during health and disease. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:506-526.e9. [PMID: 38479397 PMCID: PMC11022754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
To understand the dynamic interplay between the human microbiome and host during health and disease, we analyzed the microbial composition, temporal dynamics, and associations with host multi-omics, immune, and clinical markers of microbiomes from four body sites in 86 participants over 6 years. We found that microbiome stability and individuality are body-site specific and heavily influenced by the host. The stool and oral microbiome are more stable than the skin and nasal microbiomes, possibly due to their interaction with the host and environment. We identify individual-specific and commonly shared bacterial taxa, with individualized taxa showing greater stability. Interestingly, microbiome dynamics correlate across body sites, suggesting systemic dynamics influenced by host-microbial-environment interactions. Notably, insulin-resistant individuals show altered microbial stability and associations among microbiome, molecular markers, and clinical features, suggesting their disrupted interaction in metabolic disease. Our study offers comprehensive views of multi-site microbial dynamics and their relationship with host health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Xiaotao Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jethro S Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Oxford Centre for Microbiome Studies, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Daniel J Spakowicz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Monica Avina
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Honkala
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Faye Chleilat
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shirley Jingyi Chen
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kexin Cha
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shana Leopold
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PRC
| | - Lin Lyu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PRC
| | - Daniel Hornburg
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Si Wu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PRC
| | - Liuyiqi Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PRC
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruiqi Jian
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew W Brooks
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Hoan Nguyen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Alessandra Celli
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bo-Young Hong
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Woody L Hunt School of Dental Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Eddy J Bautista
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Headquarters-Mosquera, Cundinamarca 250047, Colombia
| | - Yair Dorsett
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Paula B Kavathas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Erica Sodergren
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Boussamet L, Montassier E, Mathé C, Garcia A, Morille J, Shah S, Dugast E, Wiertlewski S, Gourdel M, Bang C, Stürner KH, Masson D, Nicot AB, Vince N, Laplaud DA, Feinstein DL, Berthelot L. Investigating the metabolite signature of an altered oral microbiota as a discriminant factor for multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7786. [PMID: 38565581 PMCID: PMC10987558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), alterations of the gut microbiota lead to inflammation. However, the role of other microbiomes in the body in MS has not been fully elucidated. In a pilot case-controlled study, we carried out simultaneous characterization of faecal and oral microbiota and conducted an in-depth analysis of bacterial alterations associated with MS. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolic inference tools, we compared the oral/faecal microbiota and bacterial metabolism pathways in French MS patients (n = 14) and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 21). A classification model based on metabolite flux balance was established and validated in an independent German cohort (MS n = 12, HV n = 38). Our analysis revealed decreases in diversity indices and oral/faecal compartmentalization, the depletion of commensal bacteria (Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus in saliva and Coprobacter and Roseburia in faeces) and enrichment of inflammation-associated bacteria in MS patients (Leptotrichia and Fusobacterium in saliva and Enterobacteriaceae and Actinomyces in faeces). Several microbial pathways were also altered (the polyamine pathway and remodelling of bacterial surface antigens and energetic metabolism) while flux balance analysis revealed associated alterations in metabolite production in MS (nitrogen and nucleoside). Based on this analysis, we identified a specific oral metabolite signature in MS patients, that could discriminate MS patients from HV and rheumatoid arthritis patients. This signature allowed us to create and validate a discrimination model on an independent cohort, which reached a specificity of 92%. Overall, the oral and faecal microbiomes were altered in MS patients. This pilot study highlights the need to study the oral microbiota and oral health implications in patients with autoimmune diseases on a larger scale and suggests that knowledge of the salivary microbiome could help guide the identification of new pathogenic mechanisms associated with the microbiota in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Boussamet
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Montassier
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Emergency Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Camille Mathé
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Jérémy Morille
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sita Shah
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Dugast
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sandrine Wiertlewski
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Neurology Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | | | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Klarissa H Stürner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Damien Masson
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud B Nicot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Vince
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - David-Axel Laplaud
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Neurology Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 835 South Wolcott Ave, MC513, E720, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France.
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Hussain N, Muccee F. In-silico characterization of GABAT protein found in gut-brain axis associated bacteria of healthy individuals and multiple sclerosis patients. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103939. [PMID: 38352114 PMCID: PMC10859293 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination of neurons. There is evidence to suggest that level of a neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), due to the degradation by γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABAT), is reduced in certain areas of the brain in MS patients. MS is always accompanied by gut bacteria dysbiosis. In healthy individuals, Faecalibacterium sp. while in MS patients A. calcoaceticus, Clostridium sp. and S. typhimurium are found abundantly. Although all these microbes produce GABAT but only in MS patients this enzyme significantly degrades GABA. Objective Present study is an attempt to characterize the GABAT protein sequences of these bacteria. Methodology Sequences of GABAT protein were retrieved from Uniprot database. Sequences were analyzed by Protparam, Gneg-mPLoc, SOSUI, PFP-FunDSeqE, Pepwheel program, PROTEUS and Alphafold and SAVES servers, MEME suite and HDOCK server. Results In healthy individuals gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bacteria, GABAT protein was present in inner-membrane with α helix content (61 and 62%) and β sheet content (5%), 4-helical cytokines functional domains. It has greater number of B-cell epitopes and more complex 3D configuration as compared to MS patients GIT bacterial enzymes. Conclusion Present study might enable us to modify the GABAT encoding gene and enzyme through site-directed mutagenesis in pathogenic bacteria thus reducing their potential of causing MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P. O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Muccee
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore 52254, Pakistan
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Zhu K, Jin Y, Zhao Y, He A, Wang R, Cao C. Proteomic scrutiny of nasal microbiomes: implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:169-179. [PMID: 38420723 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2323983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The nasal cavity is the initial site of the human respiratory tract and is one of the habitats where microorganisms colonize. The findings from a growing number of studies have shown that the nasal microbiome is an important factor for human disease and health. 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) are the most commonly used means of microbiome evaluation. Among them, 16S rRNA sequencing is the primary method used in previous studies of nasal microbiomes. However, neither 16S rRNA sequencing nor mNGS can be used to analyze the genes specifically expressed by nasal microorganisms and their functions. This problem can be addressed by proteomic analysis of the nasal microbiome. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize current advances in research on the nasal microbiome, introduce the methods for proteomic evaluation of the nasal microbiome, and focus on the important roles of proteomic evaluation of the nasal microbiome in the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. EXPERT OPINION The detection method for microbiome-expressed proteins is known as metaproteomics. Metaproteomic analysis can help us dig deeper into the nasal microbiomes and provide new targets and ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of many nasal dysbiosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Andong He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Liu X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Shan C, Guo Y, Gong X, Cui M, Li X, Tang M. Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:833-845. [PMID: 37843219 PMCID: PMC10664138 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota's diverse microorganisms, and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, we discuss the role of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinglu Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiubin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zißler J, Rothhammer V, Linnerbauer M. Gut-Brain Interactions and Their Impact on Astrocytes in the Context of Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond. Cells 2024; 13:497. [PMID: 38534341 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to physical and cognitive impairment in young adults. The increasing prevalence of MS underscores the critical need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent advances in neuroimmunology have highlighted the significant role of the gut microbiome in MS pathology, unveiling distinct alterations in patients' gut microbiota. Dysbiosis not only impacts gut-intrinsic processes but also influences the production of bacterial metabolites and hormones, which can regulate processes in remote tissues, such as the CNS. Central to this paradigm is the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication network linking the gastrointestinal tract to the brain and spinal cord. Via specific routes, bacterial metabolites and hormones can influence CNS-resident cells and processes both directly and indirectly. Exploiting this axis, novel therapeutic interventions, including pro- and prebiotic treatments, have emerged as promising avenues with the aim of mitigating the severity of MS. This review delves into the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and the brain in the context of MS, summarizing current knowledge on the key signals of cross-organ crosstalk, routes of communication, and potential therapeutic relevance of the gut microbiome. Moreover, this review places particular emphasis on elucidating the influence of these interactions on astrocyte functions within the CNS, offering insights into their role in MS pathophysiology and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zißler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mathias Linnerbauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Sheng D, Li P, Xiao Z, Li X, Liu J, Xiao B, Liu W, Zhou L. Identification of bidirectional causal links between gut microbiota and narcolepsy type 1 using Mendelian randomization. Sleep 2024; 47:zsae004. [PMID: 38174762 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), characterized by cataplexy and orexin deficiency, is a rare and frequently debilitating neurological disorder. It has been noted to have connections with the gut microbiota, yet the exact causal relationships remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to rigorously investigate the causal links between the gut microbiota and NT1, utilizing genetic datasets from the MiBioGen consortium and FinnGen consortium, respectively. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed to obtain the primary MR estimates, supplemented by several alternative methods as well as sensitivity analyses including Cochran's Q, MR-Egger, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, leave-one-out, and genetic colocalization. RESULTS Our findings indicated that an increased relative abundance of five genera including Blautia (p = 4.47E-5), Collinsella (p = 0.036), Gordonibacter (p = 0.047), Hungatella (p = 0.015), and Lachnospiraceae UCG010 (p = 0.027) may be associated with a decreased risk of NT1. Conversely, an increased relative abundance of class Betaproteobacteria (p = 0.032), genus Alloprevotella (p = 0.009), and genus Ruminiclostridium6 (p = 0.029) may potentially heighten the risk of NT1. The onset of NT1 may lead to a decrease in the relative abundance of genus Eubacterium eligens group (p = 0.022), while a increase in the family Family XI (p = 0.009), genus Hungatella (p = 0.005), genus Prevotella (p = 0.013), and unknown genus id.2001 (p = 0.019). These findings remained robust under all sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results offer robust evidence for the bidirectional causal links between particular gut microbial taxa and NT1, underscoring the significance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathological process of NT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peihong Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinru Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Luo Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Lu Q. Microbiome dynamics in rheumatic diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024; 36:134-141. [PMID: 37976078 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rheumatic disease are characterized by their autoimmune nature, frequently affecting joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels, and connective tissues. The onset of these conditions typically unfolds gradually and subtly. It is noteworthy that individuals with rheumatic diseases often experience shifts in their microbiome, specifically on mucosal surfaces. The purpose of this review is to delve into the intricate interplay between the microbiome, encompassing bacteria, viruses and fungi, and its role in the development and aggravation of various rheumatic diseases. Additionally, it aims to offer insights into microbiome-centered therapeutic approaches for patients in the field of rheumatology. RECENT FINDINGS The advent of next-generation sequencing has significantly improved our understanding of microbiome changes. Numerous studies have consistently revealed a strong link between rheumatism and the microbiome, especially in the oral and gut microbiota. SUMMARY A deeper comprehension of the microbiome's connection to rheumatism holds potential for enhancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Targeted therapeutic approaches, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and combination therapies with medications, offer promising avenues for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Zijun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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11
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Tsai CC, Jette S, Tremlett H. Disease-modifying therapies used to treat multiple sclerosis and the gut microbiome: a systematic review. J Neurol 2024; 271:1108-1123. [PMID: 38078977 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its relationship with the disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) remains unclear. We systematically reviewed the literature to examine the relationship between DMTs and the gut microbiota among persons with MS (pwMS). METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched (01/2007-09/2022) for studies evaluating potential gut microbiota differences in diversity, taxonomic relative abundances, and functional capacity between DMT-exposed/unexposed pwMS or before/after DMT initiation. All US FDA-approved MS DMTs (1993-09/2022) and rituximab were included. RESULTS Of the 410 studies, 11 were included, totalling 1243 pwMS. Of these, 821 were DMT exposed and 473 unexposed, including 51 assessed before/after DMT initiation. DMT use duration ranged from 14 days to > 6 months. No study found a difference in gut microbiota alpha-diversity between DMT exposed/unexposed (p > 0.05). One study observed a difference in beta-diversity between interferon-beta users/DMT non-users (weighted UniFrac, p = 0.006). All studies examined taxa-level differences, but most (6) combined different DMTs. Two or more studies reported eight genera (Actinomyces, Bacteroides, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Haemophilus, Megasphaera, Pseudomonas, Ruminiclostridium 5, Turicibacter) and one species (Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans) differing in the same direction between DMT exposed/unexposed. DMT users had lower relative abundances of carbohydrate degradation and reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle I pathway than non-users (p < 0.05), but findings could not be attributed to a specific DMT. DISCUSSION While DMT use (versus no use) was not associated with gut microbiota diversity differences, taxa-level differences were observed. Further work is warranted, as most studies were cross-sectional, few examined functionality, and DMTs were combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Tsai
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 317-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sophia Jette
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Helen Tremlett
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
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12
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Jin DM, Morton JT, Bonneau R. Meta-analysis of the human gut microbiome uncovers shared and distinct microbial signatures between diseases. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.27.582333. [PMID: 38464323 PMCID: PMC10925178 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.27.582333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbiome studies have revealed gut microbiota's potential impact on complex diseases. However, many studies often focus on one disease per cohort. We developed a meta-analysis workflow for gut microbiome profiles and analyzed shotgun metagenomic data covering 11 diseases. Using interpretable machine learning and differential abundance analysis, our findings reinforce the generalization of binary classifiers for Crohn's disease (CD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) to hold-out cohorts and highlight the key microbes driving these classifications. We identified high microbial similarity in disease pairs like CD vs ulcerative colitis (UC), CD vs CRC, Parkinson's disease vs type 2 diabetes (T2D), and schizophrenia vs T2D. We also found strong inverse correlations in Alzheimer's disease vs CD and UC. These findings detected by our pipeline provide valuable insights into these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Jin
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James T. Morton
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Genentech, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Zhou X, Shen X, Johnson JS, Spakowicz DJ, Agnello M, Zhou W, Avina M, Honkala A, Chleilat F, Chen SJ, Cha K, Leopold S, Zhu C, Chen L, Lyu L, Hornburg D, Wu S, Zhang X, Jiang C, Jiang L, Jiang L, Jian R, Brooks AW, Wang M, Contrepois K, Gao P, Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose SM, Binh Tran TD, Nguyen H, Celli A, Hong BY, Bautista EJ, Dorsett Y, Kavathas P, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Snyder MP. Longitudinal profiling of the microbiome at four body sites reveals core stability and individualized dynamics during health and disease. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.01.577565. [PMID: 38352363 PMCID: PMC10862915 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.577565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
To understand dynamic interplay between the human microbiome and host during health and disease, we analyzed the microbial composition, temporal dynamics, and associations with host multi-omics, immune and clinical markers of microbiomes from four body sites in 86 participants over six years. We found that microbiome stability and individuality are body-site-specific and heavily influenced by the host. The stool and oral microbiome were more stable than the skin and nasal microbiomes, possibly due to their interaction with the host and environment. Also, we identified individual-specific and commonly shared bacterial taxa, with individualized taxa showing greater stability. Interestingly, microbiome dynamics correlated across body sites, suggesting systemic coordination influenced by host-microbial-environment interactions. Notably, insulin-resistant individuals showed altered microbial stability and associations between microbiome, molecular markers, and clinical features, suggesting their disrupted interaction in metabolic disease. Our study offers comprehensive views of multi-site microbial dynamics and their relationship with host health and disease. Study Highlights The stability of the human microbiome varies among individuals and body sites.Highly individualized microbial genera are more stable over time.At each of the four body sites, systematic interactions between the environment, the host and bacteria can be detected.Individuals with insulin resistance have lower microbiome stability, a more diversified skin microbiome, and significantly altered host-microbiome interactions.
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14
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Nasr Z, Virupakshaiah A, Schoeps VA, Cherbuin N, Casper TC, Waltz M, Hart J, Rodriguez M, Gorman MP, Benson LA, Chitnis T, Rensel M, Abrams A, Krupp L, Waldman AT, Lotze T, Aaen GS, Mar S, Schreiner T, Wheeler Y, Rose J, Shukla NM, Barcellos LF, Lucas R, Waubant E. Gene-environment interactions and risk of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis associated with time spent outdoors. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 82:105351. [PMID: 38141560 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study identified a significant association between lower time spent outdoors, as a proxy of sun exposure, and a higher risk of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). UV radiation modulates the expression of several genes, but it is unknown whether these genes modify the effect of sun exposure on POMS risk. METHODS In an age- and sex-matched case-control study, we evaluated the additive and multiplicative interactions between time spent outdoors and genetic non-HLA risk variants for developing POMS within the metabolic pathways of UV radiation, including CD28(rs6435203), CD86(rs9282641), and NFkB1(rs7665090) and the top two HLA risk factors (presence of DRB1×15 and absence of A*02). RESULTS In an adjusted model (332 POMS cases, 534 healthy controls), greater time compared to <30 min/day spent outdoors during the prior summer and higher UV radiation dose were associated with decreased odds of POMS (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.56-0.78, p < 0.001; OR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.62-0.98, p = 0.04, respectively). No significant additive or multiplicative interactions were found between risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The exploration of gene-environment interactions in the risk of developing MS can unravel the underlying mechanisms involved. Although we do not have evidence that our candidate genes contribute to interactions, other genes may.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nasr
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Akash Virupakshaiah
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vinicius Andreoli Schoeps
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - T Charles Casper
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael Waltz
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Janace Hart
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mark P Gorman
- Boston Childrens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Tanuja Chitnis
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Lauren Krupp
- New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Amy T Waldman
- Division of Child Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tim Lotze
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gregory S Aaen
- Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Soe Mar
- Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Teri Schreiner
- Childrens Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - John Rose
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nikita Melani Shukla
- Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, Divisions of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robyn Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Waubant
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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15
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Ria F, Delogu G, Ingrosso L, Sali M, Di Sante G. Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:40. [PMID: 38216734 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Here we critically discuss data supporting the view that microbial agents (pathogens, pathobionts or commensals alike) play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases, but their role is concealed by the rules presiding over T cell antigen recognition and trafficking. These rules make it difficult to associate univocally infectious agents to diseases' pathogenesis using the paradigm developed for canonical infectious diseases. (Cross-)recognition of a variable repertoire of epitopes leads to the possibility that distinct infectious agents can determine the same disease(s). There can be the need for sequential infection/colonization by two or more microorganisms to develop a given disease. Altered spreading of infectious agents can determine an unwanted activation of T cells towards a pro-inflammatory and trafficking phenotype, due to differences in the local microenvironment. Finally, trans-regulation of T cell trafficking allows infectious agents unrelated to the specificity of T cell to modify their homing to target organs, thereby driving flares of disease. The relevant role of microbial agents in largely prevalent diseases provides a conceptual basis for the evaluation of more specific therapeutic approaches, targeted to prevent (vaccine) or cure (antibiotics and/or Biologic Response Modifiers) multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Delogu
- Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026, Olbia, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - L Ingrosso
- Department Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
- European Program for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Sali
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory and Infectivology Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 60132, Perugia, Italy.
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16
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Cree BAC. Herpes viral infection and the multiple sclerosis prodrome: is HHV-6A infection a second hit? Brain 2024; 147:7-9. [PMID: 38109777 PMCID: PMC10766235 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Human herpesvirus 6A and axonal injury before the clinical onset of multiple sclerosis’ by Grut et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awad374).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A C Cree
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California SanFrancisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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17
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Zierfuss B, Larochelle C, Prat A. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: causes, consequences, and potential effects of therapies. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:95-109. [PMID: 38101906 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Established by brain endothelial cells, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates the trafficking of molecules, restricts immune cell entry into the CNS, and has an active role in neurovascular coupling (the regulation of cerebral blood flow to support neuronal activity). In the early stages of multiple sclerosis, around the time of symptom onset, inflammatory BBB damage is accompanied by pathogenic immune cell infiltration into the CNS. In the later stages of multiple sclerosis, dysregulation of neurovascular coupling is associated with grey matter atrophy. Genetic and environmental factors associated with multiple sclerosis, including dietary habits, the gut microbiome, and vitamin D concentrations, might contribute directly and indirectly to brain endothelial cell dysfunction. Damage to brain endothelial cells leads to an influx of deleterious molecules into the CNS, accelerating leakage across the BBB. Potential future therapeutic approaches might help to prevent BBB damage (eg, monoclonal antibodies targeting cell adhesion molecules and fibrinogen) and help to repair BBB dysfunction (eg, mesenchymal stromal cells) in people with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Zierfuss
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Schoeps VA, Zhou X, Horton MK, Zhu F, McCauley KE, Nasr Z, Virupakshaiah A, Gorman MP, Benson LA, Weinstock‐Guttman B, Waldman A, Banwell BL, Bar‐Or A, Marrie RA, van Domselaar G, O'Mahony J, Mirza AI, Bernstein CN, Yeh EA, Casper TC, Lynch SV, Tremlett H, Baranzini S, Waubant E. Short-chain fatty acid producers in the gut are associated with pediatric multiple sclerosis onset. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:169-184. [PMID: 37955284 PMCID: PMC10791026 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between multiple sclerosis and the gut microbiome has been supported by animal models in which commensal microbes are required for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, observational study findings in humans have only occasionally converged when comparing multiple sclerosis cases and controls which may in part reflect confounding by comorbidities and disease duration. The study of microbiome in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis offers unique opportunities as it is closer to biological disease onset and minimizes confounding by comorbidities and environmental exposures. METHODS A multicenter case-control study in which 35 pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis cases were 1:1 matched to healthy controls on age, sex, self-reported race, ethnicity, and recruiting site. Linear mixed effects models, weighted correlation network analyses, and PICRUSt2 were used to identify microbial co-occurrence networks and for predicting functional abundances based on marker gene sequences. RESULTS Two microbial co-occurrence networks (one reaching significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons; q < 0.2) were identified, suggesting interdependent bacterial taxa that exhibited association with disease status. Both networks indicated a potentially protective effect of higher relative abundance of bacteria observed in these clusters. Functional predictions from the significant network suggested a contribution of short-chain fatty acid producers through anaerobic fermentation pathways in healthy controls. Consistent family-level findings from an independent Canadian-US study (19 case/control pairs) included Ruminococaccaeae and Lachnospiraceae (p < 0.05). Macronutrient intake was not significantly different between cases and controls, minimizing the potential for dietary confounding. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that short-chain fatty acid producers may be important contributors to multiple sclerosis onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius A. Schoeps
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mary K. Horton
- Division of EpidemiologyUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Feng Zhu
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kathryn E. McCauley
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zahra Nasr
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Akash Virupakshaiah
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mark P. Gorman
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Leslie A. Benson
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Amy Waldman
- Department of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Brenda L. Banwell
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Amit Bar‐Or
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ruth Ann Marrie
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Gary van Domselaar
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Julia O'Mahony
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Ali I. Mirza
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - E. Ann Yeh
- The Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Susan V. Lynch
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Helen Tremlett
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Sergio Baranzini
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emmanuelle Waubant
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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19
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Del Negro I, Pez S, Versace S, Marziali A, Gigli GL, Tereshko Y, Valente M. Impact of Disease-Modifying Therapies on Gut-Brain Axis in Multiple Sclerosis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 60:6. [PMID: 38276041 PMCID: PMC10818907 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune-mediated, demyelinating disease whose pathogenesis remains to be defined. In past years, in consideration of a constantly growing number of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, the impacts of different environmental factors in the pathogenesis of the disease have been largely studied. Alterations in gut microbiome composition and intestinal barrier permeability have been suggested to play an essential role in the regulation of autoimmunity. Thus, increased efforts are being conducted to demonstrate the complex interplay between gut homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. Numerous results confirm that disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) used for the treatment of MS, in addition to their immunomodulatory effect, could exert an impact on the intestinal microbiota, contributing to the modulation of the immune response itself. However, to date, the direct influence of these treatments on the microbiota is still unclear. This review intends to underline the impact of DMTs on the complex system of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Del Negro
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Sara Pez
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Salvatore Versace
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marziali
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gigli
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Yan Tereshko
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Valente
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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20
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Kujawa D, Laczmanski L, Budrewicz S, Pokryszko-Dragan A, Podbielska M. Targeting gut microbiota: new therapeutic opportunities in multiple sclerosis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2274126. [PMID: 37979154 PMCID: PMC10730225 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2274126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes long-lasting, multifocal damage to the central nervous system. The complex background of MS is associated with autoimmune inflammation and neurodegeneration processes, and is potentially affected by many contributing factors, including altered composition and function of the gut microbiota. In this review, current experimental and clinical evidence is presented for the characteristics of gut dysbiosis found in MS, as well as for its relevant links with the course of the disease and the dysregulated immune response and metabolic pathways involved in MS pathology. Furthermore, therapeutic implications of these investigations are discussed, with a range of pharmacological, dietary and other interventions targeted at the gut microbiome and thus intended to have beneficial effects on the course of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kujawa
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Laczmanski
- Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Maria Podbielska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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21
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Guo Z, Yiu N, Hu Z, Zhou W, Long X, Yang M, Liao J, Zhang G, Lu Q, Zhao M. Alterations of fecal microbiome and metabolome in pemphigus patients. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103108. [PMID: 37714737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The role of gut microbiome and metabolic substances in the development of autoimmune diseases has gradually been revealed. However, the relevant gut features in pemphigus have not been well clarified. We collected stool samples from pemphigus patients and healthy controls (HCs). Metagenomic sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) metabolome sequencing were performed to analyze the compositional and metabolic alternations of the gut microbiome in pemphigus patients and HCs. We observed the reduced richness and diversity and greater heterogeneity in pemphigus patients, which was characterized by a significant decrease in Firmicutes and an increase in Proteobacteria. At the species level, Intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis were significantly enriched, while anti-inflammatory bacteria and butyric acid-producing bacteria were significantly reduced, which were related to clinical indicators (Dsg1/3 and PDAI). 4 species were selected by the machine learning algorithm to better distinguish pemphigus patients from healthy people. Metabolomic analysis showed that the composition of pemphigus patients was different from that of HCs. PE (18:3 (6Z,9Z, 12Z)/14:1 (9Z)) was the main metabolic substance in pemphigus and involved in a variety of metabolic pathways. While Retinol, flavonoid compounds and various amino acids decreased significantly compared with HCs. Furthermore, we found that differences in the levels of these metabolites correlated with changes in the abundance of specific species. Our study provides a comprehensive picture of gut microbiota and metabolites in pemphigus patients and suggests a potential mechanism of the aberrant gut microbiota and metabolites in the pathogenesis of pemphigus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Nam Yiu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Long
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jieyue Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central, South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center of Major Skin Diseases and Skin Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, China; Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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22
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Laeeq T, Vongsavath T, Tun KM, Hong AS. The Potential Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplant in the Reversal or Stabilization of Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms: A Literature Review on Efficacy and Safety. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2840. [PMID: 38137984 PMCID: PMC10745313 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects millions of people worldwide, and recent data have identified the potential role of the gut microbiome in inducing autoimmunity in MS patients. To investigate the potential of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) as a treatment option for MS, we conducted a comprehensive literature search (PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane) and identified five studies that involved 15 adult MS patients who received FMT for gastrointestinal symptoms. The primary outcome of this review was to assess the effect of FMT in reversing and improving motor symptoms in MS patients, while the secondary outcome was to evaluate the safety of FMT in this patient population. Our findings suggest that all 15 patients who received FMT experienced improved and reversed neurological symptoms secondary to MS. This improvement was sustained even in follow-up years, with no adverse effects observed. These results indicate that FMT may hold promise as a treatment option for MS, although further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Laeeq
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Tahne Vongsavath
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Kyaw Min Tun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Annie S. Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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23
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Liu X, van Beek N, Cepic A, Andreani NA, Chung CJ, Hermes BM, Yilmaz K, Benoit S, Drenovska K, Gerdes S, Gläser R, Goebeler M, Günther C, von Georg A, Hammers CM, Holtsche MM, Hübner F, Kiritsi D, Schauer F, Linnenmann B, Huilaja L, Tasanen-Määttä K, Vassileva S, Zillikens D, Sadik CD, Schmidt E, Ibrahim S, Baines JF. The gut microbiome in bullous pemphigoid: implications of the gut-skin axis for disease susceptibility. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212551. [PMID: 38022583 PMCID: PMC10668026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease that primarily affects the elderly. An altered skin microbiota in BP was recently revealed. Accumulating evidence points toward a link between the gut microbiota and skin diseases; however, the gut microbiota composition of BP patients remains largely underexplored, with only one pilot study to date, with a very limited sample size and no functional profiling of gut microbiota. To thoroughly investigate the composition and function of the gut microbiota in BP patients, and explore possible links between skin conditions and gut microbiota, we here investigated the gut microbiota of 66 patients (81.8% firstly diagnosed) suffering from BP and 66 age-, sex-, and study center-matched controls (CL) with non-inflammatory skin diseases (132 total participants), using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing data. Decreased alpha-diversity and an overall altered gut microbial community is observed in BP patients. Similar trends are observed in subclassifications of BP patients, including first diagnoses and relapsed cases. Furthermore, we observe a set of BP disease-associated gut microbial features, including reduced Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and greater abundance of pathways related to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in BP patients. Interestingly, F. prausnitzii is a well-known microbiomarker of inflammatory diseases, which has been reported to be reduced in the gut microbiome of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients. Moreover, GABA plays multiple roles in maintaining skin health, including the inhibition of itching by acting as a neurotransmitter, attenuating skin lesions by balancing Th1 and Th2 levels, and maintaining skin elasticity by increasing the expression of type I collagen. These findings thus suggest that gut microbiota alterations present in BP may play a role in the disease, and certain key microbes and functions may contribute to the link between gut dysbiosis and BP disease activity. Further studies to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the gut-skin interaction are thus clearly warranted, which could aid in the development of potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nina van Beek
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aleksa Cepic
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nadia A. Andreani
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cecilia J. Chung
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Britt M. Hermes
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kaan Yilmaz
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sandrine Benoit
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kossara Drenovska
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anabelle von Georg
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph M. Hammers
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maike M. Holtsche
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Franziska Hübner
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Schauer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beke Linnenmann
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Laura Huilaja
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Dermatology and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen-Määttä
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Dermatology and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Snejina Vassileva
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian D. Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Enno Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - John F. Baines
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Section of Evolutionary Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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24
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Alexander M, Upadhyay V, Rock R, Ramirez L, Puchalska P, Orellana D, Ang QY, Turnbaugh JA, Tian Y, Dumlao D, Nayak R, Patterson A, Newman JC, Crawford PA, Turnbaugh PJ. A diet-dependent host metabolite shapes the gut microbiota to protect from autoimmunity. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.02.565382. [PMID: 37961209 PMCID: PMC10635093 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.02.565382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Diet can protect from autoimmune disease; however, whether diet acts via the host and/or microbiome remains unclear. Here, we use a ketogenic diet (KD) as a model to dissect these complex interactions. A KD rescued the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis in a microbiota-dependent fashion. Dietary supplementation with a single KD-dependent host metabolite (β-hydroxybutyrate, βHB) rescued EAE whereas transgenic mice unable to produce βHB in the intestine developed more severe disease. Transplantation of the βHB-shaped gut microbiota was protective. Lactobacillus sequence variants were associated with decreased T helper 17 (Th17) cell activation in vitro . Finally, we isolated a L. murinus strain that protected from EAE, which was phenocopied by the Lactobacillus metabolite indole lactic acid. Thus, diet alters the immunomodulatory potential of the gut microbiota by shifting host metabolism, emphasizing the utility of taking a more integrative approach to study diet-host-microbiome interactions.
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25
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Neziraj T, Siewert L, Pössnecker E, Pröbstel AK. Therapeutic targeting of gut-originating regulatory B cells in neuroinflammatory diseases. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250033. [PMID: 37624875 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are immunosuppressive cells that support immunological tolerance by the production of IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β. Bregs arise from different developmental stages in response to inflammatory stimuli. In that regard, mounting evidence points towards a direct influence of gut microbiota on mucosal B cell development, activation, and regulation in health and disease. While an increasing number of diseases are associated with alterations in gut microbiome (dysbiosis), little is known about the role of microbiota on Breg development and induction in neuroinflammatory disorders. Notably, gut-originating, IL-10- and IgA-producing regulatory plasma cells have recently been demonstrated to egress from the gut to suppress inflammation in the CNS raising fundamental questions about the triggers and functions of mucosal-originating Bregs in systemic inflammation. Advancing our understanding of Bregs in neuroinflammatory diseases could lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we summarize the main aspects of Breg differentiation and functions and evidence about their involvement in neuroinflammatory diseases. Further, we highlight current data of gut-originating Bregs and their microbial interactions and discuss future microbiota-regulatory B cell-targeted therapies in immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tradite Neziraj
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lena Siewert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Pössnecker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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26
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Lehman PC, Ghimire S, Price JD, Ramer-Tait AE, Mangalam AK. Diet-microbiome-immune interplay in multiple sclerosis: Understanding the impact of phytoestrogen metabolizing gut bacteria. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250236. [PMID: 37673213 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to the pathobiology of the disease. Although HLA genes have emerged as the strongest genetic factor linked to MS, consensus on the environmental risk factors is lacking. Recently, the gut microbiota has garnered increasing attention as a potential environmental factor in MS, as mounting evidence suggests that individuals with MS exhibit microbial dysbiosis (changes in the gut microbiome). Thus, there has been a strong emphasis on understanding the role of the gut microbiome in the pathobiology of MS, specifically, factors regulating the gut microbiota and the mechanism(s) through which gut microbes may contribute to MS. Among all factors, diet has emerged to have the strongest influence on the composition and function of gut microbiota. As MS patients lack gut bacteria capable of metabolizing dietary phytoestrogen, we will specifically discuss the role of a phytoestrogen diet and phytoestrogen metabolizing gut bacteria in the pathobiology of MS. A better understanding of these mechanisms will help to harness the enormous potential of the gut microbiota as potential therapeutics to treat MS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Lehman
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pathology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sudeep Ghimire
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Price
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Amanda E Ramer-Tait
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Mangalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pathology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa City VA Healthcare System, Iowa City, IA, USA
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27
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Paripati N, Nesi L, Sterrett JD, Dawud LM, Kessler LR, Lowry CA, Perez LJ, DeSipio J, Phadtare S. Gut Microbiome and Lipidome Signatures in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients from a Low-Income, Food-Desert Area: A Pilot Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2503. [PMID: 37894161 PMCID: PMC10609137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastroenterological disorder with triggers such as fructose. We showed that our IBS patients suffering from socioeconomic challenges have a significantly high consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Here, we characterize gut microbial dysbiosis and fatty acid changes, with respect to IBS, HFCS consumption, and socioeconomic factors. Fecal samples from IBS patients and healthy controls were subjected to microbiome and lipidome analyses. We assessed phylogenetic diversity and community composition of the microbiomes, and used linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), analysis of compositions of microbiomes (ANCOM) on highly co-occurring subcommunities (modules), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) on phylogenetic isometric log-ratio transformed (PhILR) taxon abundances to identify differentially abundant taxa. Based on a Procrustes randomization test, the microbiome and lipidome datasets correlated significantly (p = 0.002). Alpha diversity correlated with economic factors (p < 0.001). Multiple subsets of the phylogenetic tree were associated with HFCS consumption (p < 0.001). In IBS patients, relative abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Monoglobaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae were lower (p = 0.007), and Eisenbergiella, associated with inflammatory disorders, was higher. In IBS patients, certain saturated fatty acids were higher and unsaturated fatty acids were lower (p < 0.05). Our study aims first to underscore the influence of HFCS consumption and socioeconomic factors on IBS pathophysiology, and provides new insights that inform patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Paripati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Penn Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lauren Nesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Department of Urology, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 4820, USA
| | - John D Sterrett
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Lamya'a M Dawud
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Lyanna R Kessler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Lark J Perez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Joshua DeSipio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Sangita Phadtare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
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Stolzer I, Scherer E, Süß P, Rothhammer V, Winner B, Neurath MF, Günther C. Impact of Microbiome-Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14925. [PMID: 37834373 PMCID: PMC10573483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the development and progression of various immune-mediated diseases affecting both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This complex interplay between the microbiota, the gut, and the CNS is referred to as the gut-brain axis. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years, and evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contribute to disease development and progression. Clinical studies have shown alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, changes within the microbial community have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Microbiota-gut-brain communication can impact neurodegenerative diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of immune function, the production of microbial metabolites, as well as modulation of host-derived soluble factors. This review describes the current literature on the gut-brain axis and highlights novel communication systems that allow cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host that might influence the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eveline Scherer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Chang D, Gupta VK, Hur B, Cobo-López S, Cunningham KY, Han NS, Lee I, Kronzer VL, Teigen LM, Karnatovskaia LV, Longbrake EE, Davis JM, Nelson H, Sung J. Gut Microbiome Wellness Index 2 for Enhanced Health Status Prediction from Gut Microbiome Taxonomic Profiles. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.30.560294. [PMID: 37873265 PMCID: PMC10592848 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.30.560294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in human gut microbiome research have revealed its crucial role in shaping innovative predictive healthcare applications. We introduce Gut Microbiome Wellness Index 2 (GMWI2), an advanced iteration of our original GMWI prototype, designed as a robust, disease-agnostic health status indicator based on gut microbiome taxonomic profiles. Our analysis involved pooling existing 8069 stool shotgun metagenome data across a global demographic landscape to effectively capture biological signals linking gut taxonomies to health. GMWI2 achieves a cross-validation balanced accuracy of 80% in distinguishing healthy (no disease) from non-healthy (diseased) individuals and surpasses 90% accuracy for samples with higher confidence (i.e., outside the "reject option"). The enhanced classification accuracy of GMWI2 outperforms both the original GMWI model and traditional species-level α-diversity indices, suggesting a more reliable tool for differentiating between healthy and non-healthy phenotypes using gut microbiome data. Furthermore, by reevaluating and reinterpreting previously published data, GMWI2 provides fresh insights into the established understanding of how diet, antibiotic exposure, and fecal microbiota transplantation influence gut health. Looking ahead, GMWI2 represents a timely pivotal tool for evaluating health based on an individual's unique gut microbial composition, paving the way for the early screening of adverse gut health shifts. GMWI2 is offered as an open-source command-line tool, ensuring it is both accessible to and adaptable for researchers interested in the translational applications of human gut microbiome science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Vinod K Gupta
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Surgery Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Benjamin Hur
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Surgery Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sergio Cobo-López
- Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Kevin Y Cunningham
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nam Soo Han
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Vanessa L Kronzer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Levi M Teigen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | | | - Erin E Longbrake
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - John M Davis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Heidi Nelson
- Emeritus, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jaeyun Sung
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Surgery Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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30
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Zhang Y, Peng Y, Xia X. Autoimmune diseases and gut microbiota: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2004 to 2022. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2813-2827. [PMID: 36859447 PMCID: PMC10543628 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely related to autoimmune diseases (ADs). Studies on gut microbiota and ADs have also increased significantly, but no bibliometric analysis has summarized the association between gut microbiota and ADs. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies on gut microbiota and ADs. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools VOSviewer and co-occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2) for analysis. A total of 2516 related kinds of literature were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is the USA, the institution is the Harvard Medical School, and the author is Mikael Knip from the USA. Hot research areas include intestinal regulation (such as dysbiosis, short chain fatty acids, and probiotics), multisystem ADs (such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease), and immune-related cells (such as T cells, and dendritic cells). Psoriasis, dysbiosis, autoimmune liver disease, and fecal microbiota transplantation may be the future research direction. Our research results can help researchers grasp the current status of ADs and gut microbiota research and find new research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine , Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 501515 China
| | - Yongzheng Peng
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 China
| | - Xu Xia
- Southern Medical University Library, No.1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515 Guangdong China
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31
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Doyle WJ, Walters D, Shi X, Hoffman K, Magori K, Roullet JB, Ochoa-Repáraz J. Farnesol brain transcriptomics in CNS inflammatory demyelination. Clin Immunol 2023; 255:109752. [PMID: 37673223 PMCID: PMC10619994 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farnesol (FOL) prevents the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE We examined the transcriptomic profile of the brains of EAE mice treated with daily oral FOL using next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq). METHODS Transcriptomics from whole brains of treated and untreated EAE mice at the peak of EAE was performed. RESULTS EAE-induced mice, compared to naïve, healthy mice, overall showed increased expression in pathways for immune response, as well as an increased cytokine signaling pathway, with downregulation of cellular stress proteins. FOL downregulates pro-inflammatory pathways and attenuates the immune response in EAE. FOL downregulated the expression of genes involved in misfolded protein response, MAPK activation/signaling, and pro-inflammatory response. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the molecular impact of FOL in the brain and identifies potential therapeutic targets of the isoprenoid pathway in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Doyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Dana Walters
- Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Xutong Shi
- Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Kristina Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Krisztian Magori
- Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA 99004, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Javier Ochoa-Repáraz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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32
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Zong B, Yu F, Zhang X, Zhao W, Li S, Li L. Mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise on multiple sclerosis: focus on immune cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260663. [PMID: 37841264 PMCID: PMC10570846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neuroimmunological illness that leads to neurological disability in young adults. Although the etiology of MS is heterogeneous, it is well established that aberrant activity of adaptive and innate immune cells plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Several immune cell abnormalities have been described in MS and its animal models, including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils, microglia/macrophages, and astrocytes, among others. Physical exercise offers a valuable alternative or adjunctive disease-modifying therapy for MS. A growing body of evidence indicates that exercise may reduce the autoimmune responses triggered by immune cells in MS. This is partially accomplished by restricting the infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma, curbing hyperactivation of immune cells, and facilitating a transition in the balance of immune cells from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. This review provides a succinct overview of the correlation between physical exercise, immune cells, and MS pathology, and highlights the potential benefits of exercise as a strategy for the prevention and treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Zong
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengzhi Yu
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyou Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenrui Zhao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shichang Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Yadav SK, Ito K, Dhib-Jalbut S. Interaction of the Gut Microbiome and Immunity in Multiple Sclerosis: Impact of Diet and Immune Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14756. [PMID: 37834203 PMCID: PMC10572709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional communication between the gut and central nervous system (CNS) through microbiota is known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The brain, through the enteric neural innervation and the vagus nerve, influences the gut physiological activities (motility, mucin, and peptide secretion), as well as the development of the mucosal immune system. Conversely, the gut can influence the CNS via intestinal microbiota, its metabolites, and gut-homing immune cells. Growing evidence suggests that gut immunity is critically involved in gut-brain communication during health and diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). The gut microbiota can influence the development and function of gut immunity, and conversely, the innate and adaptive mucosal immunity can influence microbiota composition. Gut and systemic immunity, along with gut microbiota, are perturbed in MS. Diet and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) can affect the composition of the gut microbial community, leading to changes in gut and peripheral immunity, which ultimately affects MS. A high-fat diet is highly associated with gut dysbiosis-mediated inflammation and intestinal permeability, while a high-fiber diet/short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can promote the development of Foxp3 Tregs and improvement in intestinal barrier function, which subsequently suppress CNS autoimmunity in the animal model of MS (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis or EAE). This review will address the role of gut immunity and its modulation by diet and DMTs via gut microbiota during MS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Kouichi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Suhayl Dhib-Jalbut
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (S.K.Y.); (K.I.)
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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34
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Muralitharan RR, Snelson M, Meric G, Coughlan MT, Marques FZ. Guidelines for microbiome studies in renal physiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F345-F362. [PMID: 37440367 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00072.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome research has increased dramatically in the last decade, including in renal health and disease. The field is moving from experiments showing mere association to causation using both forward and reverse microbiome approaches, leveraging tools such as germ-free animals, treatment with antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantations. However, we are still seeing a gap between discovery and translation that needs to be addressed, so that patients can benefit from microbiome-based therapies. In this guideline paper, we discuss the key considerations that affect the gut microbiome of animals and clinical studies assessing renal function, many of which are often overlooked, resulting in false-positive results. For animal studies, these include suppliers, acclimatization, baseline microbiota and its normalization, littermates and cohort/cage effects, diet, sex differences, age, circadian differences, antibiotics and sweeteners, and models used. Clinical studies have some unique considerations, which include sampling, gut transit time, dietary records, medication, and renal phenotypes. We provide best-practice guidance on sampling, storage, DNA extraction, and methods for microbial DNA sequencing (both 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenome). Finally, we discuss follow-up analyses, including tools available, metrics, and their interpretation, and the key challenges ahead in the microbiome field. By standardizing study designs, methods, and reporting, we will accelerate the findings from discovery to translation and result in new microbiome-based therapies that may improve renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikeish R Muralitharan
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guillaume Meric
- Cambridge-Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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35
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Bugbee E, Wang AA, Gommerman JL. Under the influence: environmental factors as modulators of neuroinflammation through the IL-10/IL-10R axis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188750. [PMID: 37600781 PMCID: PMC10435745 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The IL-10/IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) axis plays an important role in attenuating neuroinflammation in animal models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and increased IL-10 has been associated with a positive response to MS disease modifying therapy. Because environmental factors play an important role in MS susceptibility and disease course, identification of environmental factors that impact the IL-10/IL-10R axis has therapeutic potential. In this review, we provide historical and updated perspectives of how IL-10R signaling impacts neuroinflammation, discuss environmental factors and intestinal microbes with known impacts on the IL-10/IL-10R axis, and provide a hypothetical model for how B cells, via their production of IL-10, may be important in conveying environmental "information" to the inflamed central nervous system.
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36
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Shrode RL, Ollberding NJ, Mangalam AK. Looking at the Full Picture: Utilizing Topic Modeling to Determine Disease-Associated Microbiome Communities. bioRxiv 2023:2023.07.21.549984. [PMID: 37546903 PMCID: PMC10401927 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.21.549984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome is a complex micro-ecosystem that provides the host with pathogen defense, food metabolism, and other vital processes. Alterations of the microbiome (dysbiosis) have been linked with a number of diseases such as cancers, multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Generally, differential abundance testing between the healthy and patient groups is performed to identify important bacteria (enriched or depleted in one group). However, simply providing a singular species of bacteria to an individual lacking that species for health improvement has not been as successful as fecal matter transplant (FMT) therapy. Interestingly, FMT therapy transfers the entire gut microbiome of a healthy (or mixture of) individual to an individual with a disease. FMTs do, however, have limited success, possibly due to concerns that not all bacteria in the community may be responsible for the healthy phenotype. Therefore, it is important to identify the community of microorganisms linked to the health as well as the disease state of the host. Here we applied topic modeling, a natural language processing tool, to assess latent interactions occurring among microbes; thus, providing a representation of the community of bacteria relevant to healthy vs. disease state. Specifically, we utilized our previously published data that studied the gut microbiome of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease that has been linked to a variety of factors, including a dysbiotic gut microbiome. With topic modeling we identified communities of bacteria associated with RRMS, including genera previously discovered, but also other taxa that would have been overlooked simply with differential abundance testing. Our work shows that topic modeling can be a useful tool for analyzing the microbiome in dysbiosis and that it could be considered along with the commonly utilized differential abundance tests to better understand the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Shrode
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Ollberding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Ashutosh K. Mangalam
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Ave, 1080-ML, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
- Clinician Scientist, Iowa City VA Health Care System, 601 US-6 W, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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37
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El-Botty R, Morriset L, Montaudon E, Tariq Z, Schnitzler A, Bacci M, Lorito N, Sourd L, Huguet L, Dahmani A, Painsec P, Derrien H, Vacher S, Masliah-Planchon J, Raynal V, Baulande S, Larcher T, Vincent-Salomon A, Dutertre G, Cottu P, Gentric G, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Hutton S, Driouch K, Bièche I, Morandi A, Marangoni E. Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic vulnerability of endocrine therapy and palbociclib resistant metastatic breast cancers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4221. [PMID: 37452026 PMCID: PMC10349040 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to endocrine treatments and CDK4/6 inhibitors is considered a near-inevitability in most patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancers (ER + BC). By genomic and metabolomics analyses of patients' tumours, metastasis-derived patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and isogenic cell lines we demonstrate that a fraction of metastatic ER + BC is highly reliant on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Treatment by the OXPHOS inhibitor IACS-010759 strongly inhibits tumour growth in multiple endocrine and palbociclib resistant PDX. Mutations in the PIK3CA/AKT1 genes are significantly associated with response to IACS-010759. At the metabolic level, in vivo response to IACS-010759 is associated with decreased levels of metabolites of the glutathione, glycogen and pentose phosphate pathways in treated tumours. In vitro, endocrine and palbociclib resistant cells show increased OXPHOS dependency and increased ROS levels upon IACS-010759 treatment. Finally, in ER + BC patients, high expression of OXPHOS associated genes predict poor prognosis. In conclusion, these results identify OXPHOS as a promising target for treatment resistant ER + BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania El-Botty
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludivine Morriset
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Montaudon
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Zakia Tariq
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Schnitzler
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Marina Bacci
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni, 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni, 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Sourd
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Léa Huguet
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Dahmani
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Painsec
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Heloise Derrien
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Virginie Raynal
- ICGex - NGS platform, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- ICGex - NGS platform, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- INRA, APEX-PAnTher, Oniris, 44322, Rue de la Géraudière, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Dutertre
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paul Cottu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Gentric
- "Stress and Cancer" Laboratory, Institut Curie - Inserm U830, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou
- "Stress and Cancer" Laboratory, Institut Curie - Inserm U830, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Scott Hutton
- Metabolon Inc., 617 Davis Drive, Suite 100, Morrisville, NC, 27560, USA
| | - Keltouma Driouch
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Inserm U1016, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni, 50 - 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France.
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Nguyen HH, Swain MG. Avenues within the gut-liver-brain axis linking chronic liver disease and symptoms. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1171253. [PMID: 37521690 PMCID: PMC10372440 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1171253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of fatigue, social withdrawal and mood disturbances are commonly encountered in patients with chronic liver disease and have a detrimental effect on patient quality of life. Treatment options for these symptoms are limited and a current area of unmet medical need. In this review, we will evaluate the potential mechanistic avenues within the gut-liver-brain axis that may be altered in the setting of chronic liver disease that drive the development of these symptoms. Both clinical and pre-clinical studies will be highlighted as we discuss how perturbations in host immune response, microbiome, neural responses, and metabolites composition can affect the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Nguyen
- University of Calgary Liver Unit, Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G. Swain
- University of Calgary Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Macaron G, Larochelle C, Arbour N, Galmard M, Girard JM, Prat A, Duquette P. Impact of aging on treatment considerations for multiple sclerosis patients. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1197212. [PMID: 37483447 PMCID: PMC10361071 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1197212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With a rapidly aging global population and improvement of outcomes with newer multiple sclerosis (MS)-specific disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), the epidemiology of MS has shifted to an older than previously described population, with a peak prevalence of the disease seen in the 55-65 years age group. Changes in the pathophysiology of MS appear to be age-dependent. Several studies have identified a consistent phase of disability worsening around the fifth decade of life. The latter appears to be independent of prior disease duration and inflammatory activity and concomitant to pathological changes from acute focal active demyelination to chronic smoldering plaques, slow-expanding lesions, and compartmentalized inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS). On the other hand, decreased CNS tissue reserve and poorer remyelinating capacity with aging lead to loss of relapse recovery potential. Aging with MS may imply longer exposure to DMTs, although treatment efficacy in patients >55 years has not been evaluated in pivotal randomized controlled trials and appears to decrease with age. Older individuals are more prone to adverse effects of DMTs, an important aspect of treatment individualization. Aging with MS also implies a higher global burden of comorbid illnesses that contribute to overall impairments and represent a crucial confounder in interpreting clinical worsening. Discontinuation of DMTs after age 55, when no evidence of clinical or radiological activity is detected, is currently under the spotlight. In this review, we will discuss the impact of aging on MS pathobiology, the effect of comorbidities and other confounders on clinical worsening, and focus on current therapeutic considerations in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Macaron
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manon Galmard
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Marc Girard
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Duquette
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Zettl UK, Rommer PS, Aktas O, Wagner T, Richter J, Oschmann P, Cepek L, Elias-Hamp B, Gehring K, Chan A, Hecker M. Interferon beta-1a sc at 25 years: a mainstay in the treatment of multiple sclerosis over the period of one generation. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:1343-1359. [PMID: 37694381 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2248391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferon beta (IFN beta) preparations are an established group of drugs used for immunomodulation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Subcutaneously (sc) applied interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1a sc) has been in continuous clinical use for 25 years as a disease-modifying treatment. AREAS COVERED Based on data published since 2018, we discuss recent insights from analyses of the pivotal trial PRISMS and its long-term extension as well as from newer randomized studies with IFN beta-1a sc as the reference treatment, the use of IFN beta-1a sc across the patient life span and as a bridging therapy, recent data regarding the mechanisms of action, and potential benefits of IFN beta-1a sc regarding vaccine responses. EXPERT OPINION IFN beta-1a sc paved the way to effective immunomodulatory treatment of MS, enabled meaningful insights into the disease process, and remains a valid therapeutic option in selected vulnerable MS patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Paulus Stefan Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hecker
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Montgomery TL, Wang Q, Mirza A, Dwyer D, Wu Q, Dowling CA, Martens JW, Yang J, Krementsov DN, Mao-Draayer Y. Identification of commensal gut microbiota signatures as predictors of clinical severity and disease progression in multiple sclerosis. medRxiv 2023:2023.06.26.23291875. [PMID: 37425956 PMCID: PMC10327224 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.26.23291875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults. Clinical presentation and disease course are highly heterogeneous. Typically, disease progression occurs over time and is characterized by the gradual accumulation of disability. The risk of developing MS is driven by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, including the gut microbiome. How the commensal gut microbiota impacts disease severity and progression over time remains unknown. Methods In a longitudinal study, disability status and associated clinical features in 60 MS patients were tracked over 4.2 ± 0.97 years, and the baseline fecal gut microbiome was characterized via 16S amplicon sequencing. Progressor status, defined as patients with an increase in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), were correlated with features of the gut microbiome to determine candidate microbiota associated with risk of MS disease progression. Results We found no overt differences in microbial community diversity and overall structure between MS patients exhibiting disease progression and non-progressors. However, a total of 45 bacterial species were associated with worsening disease, including a marked depletion in Akkermansia , Lachnospiraceae, and Oscillospiraceae , with an expansion of Alloprevotella , Prevotella-9 , and Rhodospirillales . Analysis of the metabolic potential of the inferred metagenome from taxa associated with progression revealed a significant enrichment in oxidative stress-inducing aerobic respiration at the expense of microbial vitamin K 2 production (linked to Akkermansia ), and a depletion in SCFA metabolism (linked to Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae ). Further, statistical modeling demonstrated that microbiota composition and clinical features were sufficient to robustly predict disease progression. Additionally, we found that constipation, a frequent gastrointestinal comorbidity among MS patients, exhibited a divergent microbial signature compared with progressor status. Conclusions These results demonstrate the utility of the gut microbiome for predicting disease progression in MS. Further, analysis of the inferred metagenome revealed that oxidative stress, vitamin K 2 and SCFAs are associated with progression. Abstract Figure
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Zhang F, Wang D. Potential of Akkermansia muciniphila and its outer membrane proteins as therapeutic targets for neuropsychological diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191445. [PMID: 37440890 PMCID: PMC10333588 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota varies dramatically among individuals, and changes over time within the same individual, due to diversities in genetic backgrounds, diet, nutrient supplementations and use of antibiotics. Up until now, studies on dysbiosis of microbiota have expanded to a wider range of diseases, with Akkermansia muciniphila at the cross spot of many of these diseases. A. muciniphila is a Gram-negative bacterium that produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and Amuc_1100 is one of its most highly expressed outer membrane proteins. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on correlations between A. muciniphila and involved neuropsychological diseases published in the last decade, with a focus on the potential of this bacterium and its outer membrane proteins as therapeutic targets for these diseases, on the basis of evidence accumulated from animal and clinical studies, as well as mechanisms of action from peripheral to central nervous system (CNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Shi H, Zhao T, Geng R, Sun L, Fan H. The associations between gut microbiota and chronic respiratory diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1200937. [PMID: 37333634 PMCID: PMC10272395 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1200937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growing evidence indicates that variations in the composition of the gut microbiota are linked to the onset and progression of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), albeit the causal relationship between the two remains unclear. Methods We conducted a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and five main CRDs, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), sarcoidosis, and pneumoconiosis. For MR analysis, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary method. The MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO statistical methods were used as a supplement. To detect heterogeneity and pleiotropy, the Cochrane and Rucker Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR-PRESSO global test were then implemented. The leave-one-out strategy was also applied to assess the consistency of the MR results. Results Based on substantial genetic data obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 3,504,473 European participants, our study offers evidence that several gut microbial taxa, including 14 probable microbial taxa (specifically, 5, 3, 2, 3 and 1 for COPD, asthma, IPF, sarcoidosis, and pneumoconiosis, respectively) and 33 possible microbial taxa (specifically, 6, 7, 8, 7 and 5 for COPD, asthma, IPF, sarcoidosis, and pneumoconiosis, respectively) play significant roles in the formation of CRDs. Discussion This work implies causal relationships between the gut microbiota and CRDs, thereby shedding new light on the gut microbiota-mediated prevention of CRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the First Mobile Corps of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Dingzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the First Mobile Corps of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Dingzhou, Hebei, China
| | - RuiHui Geng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the First Mobile Corps of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Dingzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Yu T, Yang W, Yao S, Yu Y, Wakamiya M, Golovko G, Cong Y. STING Promotes Intestinal IgA Production by Regulating Acetate-producing Bacteria to Maintain Host-microbiota Mutualism. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:946-959. [PMID: 36661414 PMCID: PMC10233729 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is crucial in maintaining host-microbiota mutualism and gut homeostasis. It has been shown that many species of gut bacteria produce cyclic dinucleotides, along with an abundance of microbiota-derived DNA present within the intestinal lumen, which triggers the tonic activation of the cytosolic cGAS-STING pathway. However, the role of STING in intestinal IgA remains poorly understood. We further investigated whether and how STING affects intestinal IgA response. METHODS Intestinal IgA was determined between wild-type (WT) mice and Sting-/- mice in steady conditions and upon enteric Citrobacter rodentium infection. STING agonists were used to stimulating B cells or dendritic cells in vitro. Gut microbiota composition was examined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Bacteria metabolomics functional analyses was performed by PICRUSt2. Fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) was determined by Mass spectrometry and Cedex Bio Analyzer. Gut bacteria from WT mice and Sting-/- mice were transferred into germ-free mice and antibiotic-pretreated mice. RESULTS Intestinal IgA response was impaired in Sting-/- mice. However, STING agonists did not directly stimulate B cells or dendritic cells to induce IgA. Interestingly, Sting-/- mice displayed altered gut microbiota composition with decreased SCFA-producing bacteria and downregulated SCFA fermentation pathways. Transfer of fecal bacteria from Sting-/- mice induced less IgA than that from WT mice in germ-free mice and antibiotic-pretreated mice, which is mediated by GPR43. Acetate, the dominant SCFA, was decreased in Sting-/- mice, and supplementation of acetate restored intestinal IgA production in Sting-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS STING promotes intestinal IgA by regulating acetate-producing gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Microbiome Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Microbiome Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Suxia Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Microbiome Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Yanbo Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Maki Wakamiya
- Germ-free Mouse Facility, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - George Golovko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Center for Microbiome Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
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Bronzini M, Maglione A, Rosso R, Matta M, Masuzzo F, Rolla S, Clerico M. Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176016. [PMID: 37304278 PMCID: PMC10248010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The rising number of MS cases in the last decade could be partially attributed to environmental changes, among which the alteration of the gut microbiome driven by novel dietary habits is now of particular interest. The intent of this review is to describe how diet can impact the development and course of MS by feeding the gut microbiome. We discuss the role of nutrition and the gut microbiota in MS disease, describing preclinical studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and clinical studies on dietary interventions in MS, with particular attention to gut metabolites-immune system interactions. Possible tools that target the gut microbiome in MS, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics, are analyzed as well. Finally, we discuss the open questions and the prospects of these microbiome-targeted therapies for people with MS and for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bronzini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maglione
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Rachele Rosso
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Manuela Matta
- San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Simona Rolla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Marinella Clerico
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
- San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
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Chiantera V, Laganà AS, Basciani S, Nordio M, Bizzarri M. A Critical Perspective on the Supplementation of Akkermansia muciniphila: Benefits and Harms. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1247. [PMID: 37374030 DOI: 10.3390/life13061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium of the intestinal niche, exerting beneficial effects on the host metabolic profile. Accumulating evidence indicated Akkermansia as a promising therapeutic probiotic against metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, in specific intestinal microenvironments, its excessive enrichment may be not beneficial. Conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Salmonella typhimurium infection or post-antibiotic reconstitution may not benefit from Akkermansia supplementation. Furthermore, using Akkermansia in patients with endocrine and gynecological disorders-such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or endometriosis-that have a higher risk of developing IBD, should be critically evaluated. In addition, a cautionary note comes from the neurological field, as the gut microbiota of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis exhibits a characteristic signature of Akkermansia municiphila abundance. Overall, considering these controversial points, the use of Akkermansia should be evaluated on an individual basis, avoiding risking unexpected effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Chiantera
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS "Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli", Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS "Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli", Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Basciani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Nordio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- System Biology Group Laboratory, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Touil H, Mounts K, De Jager PL. Differential impact of environmental factors on systemic and localized autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147447. [PMID: 37283765 PMCID: PMC10239830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of environmental factors on the development of autoimmune disease is being broadly investigated to better understand the multifactorial nature of autoimmune pathogenesis and to identify potential areas of intervention. Areas of particular interest include the influence of lifestyle, nutrition, and vitamin deficiencies on autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. In this review, we discuss how particular lifestyles and dietary patterns may contribute to or modulate autoimmunity. We explored this concept through a spectrum of several autoimmune diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Alopecia Areata (AA) affecting the central nervous system, whole body, and the hair follicles, respectively. A clear commonality between the autoimmune conditions of interest here is low Vitamin D, a well-researched hormone in the context of autoimmunity with pleiotropic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. While low levels are often correlated with disease activity and progression in MS and AA, the relationship is less clear in SLE. Despite strong associations with autoimmunity, we lack conclusive evidence which elucidates its role in contributing to pathogenesis or simply as a result of chronic inflammation. In a similar vein, other vitamins impacting the development and course of these diseases are explored in this review, and overall diet and lifestyle. Recent work exploring the effects of dietary interventions on MS showed that a balanced diet was linked to improvement in clinical parameters, comorbid conditions, and overall quality of life for patients. In patients with MS, SLE and AA, certain diets and supplements are linked to lower incidence and improved symptoms. Conversely, obesity during adolescence was linked with higher incidence of MS while in SLE it was associated with organ damage. Autoimmunity is thought to emerge from the complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic background. Although the scope of this review focuses on environmental factors, it is imperative to elaborate the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment due to the multifactorial origin of these disease. Here, we offer a comprehensive review about the influence of recent environmental and lifestyle factors on these autoimmune diseases and potential translation into therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Touil
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristin Mounts
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip Lawrence De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Columbia Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Chen X, Cheng Y, Tian X, Li J, Ying X, Zhao Q, Wang M, Liu Y, Qiu Y, Yan X, Ren X. Urinary microbiota and metabolic signatures associated with inorganic arsenic-induced early bladder lesions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 259:115010. [PMID: 37211000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) contamination in drinking water is a global public health problem, and exposure to iAs is a known risk factor for bladder cancer. Perturbation of urinary microbiome and metabolome induced by iAs exposure may have a more direct effect on the development of bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of iAs exposure on urinary microbiome and metabolome, and to identify microbiota and metabolic signatures that are associated with iAs-induced bladder lesions. We evaluated and quantified the pathological changes of bladder, and performed 16S rDNA sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling on urine samples from rats exposed to low (30 mg/L NaAsO2) or high (100 mg/L NaAsO2) iAs from early life (in utero and childhood) to puberty. Our results showed that iAs induced pathological bladder lesions, and more severe effects were noticed in the high-iAs group and male rats. Furthermore, six and seven featured urinary bacteria genera were identified in female and male offspring rats, respectively. Several characteristic urinary metabolites, including Menadione, Pilocarpine, N-Acetylornithine, Prostaglandin B1, Deoxyinosine, Biopterin, and 1-Methyluric acid, were identified significantly higher in the high-iAs groups. In addition, the correlation analysis demonstrated that the differential bacteria genera were highly correlated with the featured urinary metabolites. Collectively, these results suggest that exposure to iAs in early life not only causes bladder lesions, but also perturbs urinary microbiome composition and associated metabolic profiles, which shows a strong correlation. Those differential urinary genera and metabolites may contribute to bladder lesions, suggesting a potential for development of urinary biomarkers for iAs-induced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushen Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ying Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Ying
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiuyi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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Ma Y, Sannino D, Linden JR, Haigh S, Zhao B, Grigg JB, Zumbo P, Dündar F, Butler D, Profaci CP, Telesford K, Winokur PN, Rumah KR, Gauthier SA, Fischetti VA, McClane BA, Uzal FA, Zexter L, Mazzucco M, Rudick R, Danko D, Balmuth E, Nealon N, Perumal J, Kaunzner U, Brito IL, Chen Z, Xiang JZ, Betel D, Daneman R, Sonnenberg GF, Mason CE, Vartanian T. Epsilon toxin-producing Clostridium perfringens colonize the multiple sclerosis gut microbiome overcoming CNS immune privilege. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163239. [PMID: 36853799 PMCID: PMC10145940 DOI: 10.1172/jci163239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the CNS thought to require an environmental trigger. Gut dysbiosis is common in MS, but specific causative species are unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we used sensitive and quantitative PCR detection to show that people with MS were more likely to harbor and show a greater abundance of epsilon toxin-producing (ETX-producing) strains of C. perfringens within their gut microbiomes compared with individuals who are healthy controls (HCs). Isolates derived from patients with MS produced functional ETX and had a genetic architecture typical of highly conjugative plasmids. In the active immunization model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), where pertussis toxin (PTX) is used to overcome CNS immune privilege, ETX can substitute for PTX. In contrast to PTX-induced EAE, where inflammatory demyelination is largely restricted to the spinal cord, ETX-induced EAE caused demyelination in the corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord, more akin to the neuroanatomical lesion distribution seen in MS. CNS endothelial cell transcriptional profiles revealed ETX-induced genes that are known to play a role in overcoming CNS immune privilege. Together, these findings suggest that ETX-producing C. perfringens strains are biologically plausible pathogens in MS that trigger inflammatory demyelination in the context of circulating myelin autoreactive lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Ma
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute
| | | | | | | | - Baohua Zhao
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute
| | - John B. Grigg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program and
| | - Paul Zumbo
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Friederike Dündar
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Butler
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caterina P. Profaci
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, UCSD, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Paige N. Winokur
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuro-endocrinology and
| | - Kareem R. Rumah
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan A. Gauthier
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent A. Fischetti
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce A. McClane
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francisco A. Uzal
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lily Zexter
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - David Danko
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Nancy Nealon
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jai Perumal
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ulrike Kaunzner
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ilana L. Brito
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, and
| | - Jenny Z. Xiang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Core Laboratories Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Daneman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, UCSD, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gregory F. Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program and
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute
- Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Vartanian
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program and
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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50
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Pellegrino A, Coppola G, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. Role of Akkermansia in Human Diseases: From Causation to Therapeutic Properties. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081815. [PMID: 37111034 PMCID: PMC10142179 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the modulation of host metabolism and immune response, and its impairment has been implicated in many gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Current evidence shows the well-documented role of A. muciniphila in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier, modulating the host immune response, and improving several metabolic pathways, making it a key element in the pathogenesis of several human diseases. In this scenario, A. muciniphila is the most promising next-generation probiotic and one of the first microbial species suitable for specific clinical use when compared with traditional probiotics. Further studies are needed to provide more accurate insight into its mechanisms of action and to better elucidate its properties in several major areas, paving the way for a more integrated and personalized therapeutic approach that finally makes the most of our knowledge of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pellegrino
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Coppola
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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