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Chneiweiss H, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Duclos-Vallée JC, Clément B, Flacher V, Galzi JL, Gidrol X, Goureau O, Guasch G, Haiech J, Lemaitre C, Mahé MM, Martin S, Poulain L, Sebastiani C, Vergnolle N, Yates F. [For a good understanding and use of the term "organoids"]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39:876-878. [PMID: 38018932 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Depuis une dizaine d’années, des progrès considérables ont été réalisés concernant les conditions qui permettent à des cellules de s’auto-organiser dans l’espace comme elles le font lors des phases précoces du développement embryonnaire ou dans certains tissus adultes. On nomme ainsi « organoïdes » des structures en trois dimensions complexes, organisées et intégrant plusieurs types cellulaires, qui peuvent reproduire in vitro certaines fonctions d’un organe. Toutefois, ces organoïdes ne peuvent actuellement reproduire à l’identique une architecture anatomique et fonctionnelle complète. Bien qu’utilisé pour des raisons de simplification pour la communication, en particulier dans la presse généraliste, il est donc abusif d’utiliser le terme « mini-organes » pour décrire ces structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruno Clément
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Vincent Flacher
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Jean-Luc Galzi
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Olivier Goureau
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | | | - Jacques Haiech
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | | | - Maxime M Mahé
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
| | | | | | - Frank Yates
- Groupement de recherche CNRS « Organoïdes » (GDR2102)1, France
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2
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Hussein M, Pasqua M, Pereira U, Benzoubir N, Duclos-Vallée JC, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Legallais C, Messina A. Microencapsulated Hepatocytes Differentiated from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Optimizing 3D Culture for Tissue Engineering Applications. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060865. [PMID: 36980206 PMCID: PMC10047414 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cell therapy and in vitro models require functional human hepatocytes, the sources of which are considerably limited. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a promising and unlimited source of differentiated human hepatocytes. However, when obtained in two-dimensional (2D) cultures these hepatocytes are not fully mature and functional. As three-dimensional culture conditions offer advantageous strategies for differentiation, we describe here a combination of three-dimensional (3D) approaches enabling the successful differentiation of functional hepatocytes from hiPSCs by the encapsulation of hiPSC-derived hepatoblasts in alginate beads of preformed aggregates. The resulting encapsulated and differentiated hepatocytes (E-iHep-Orgs) displayed a high level of albumin synthesis associated with the disappearance of α-fetoprotein (AFP) synthesis, thus demonstrating that the E-iHep-Orgs had reached a high level of maturation, similar to that of adult hepatocytes. Gene expression analysis by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence confirmed this maturation. Further functional assessments demonstrated their enzymatic activities, including lactate and ammonia detoxification, as well as biotransformation activities of Phase I and Phase II enzymes. This study provides proof of concept regarding the benefits of combining three-dimensional techniques (guided aggregation and microencapsulation) with liver differentiation protocols as a robust approach to generate mature and functional hepatocytes that offer a permanent and unlimited source of hepatocytes. Based on these encouraging results, our combined conditions to produce mature hepatocytes from hiPSCs could be extended to liver tissue engineering and bioartificial liver (BAL) applications at the human scale for which large biomasses are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Hussein
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Mattia Pasqua
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, F-60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, F-60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Cecile Legallais
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, F-60203 Compiegne, France
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonietta Messina
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (A.M.)
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3
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Luce E, Steichen C, Abed S, Weber A, Leboulch P, Maouche-Chrétien L, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Successful Derivation of Hepatoblasts, Cholangiocytes and Hepatocytes from Simian Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810861. [PMID: 36142774 PMCID: PMC9504404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of primary cells in human liver therapy is limited by a lack of cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an alternative to primary cells as they are infinitely expandable and can be differentiated into different liver cell types. The aim of our work was to demonstrate that simian iPSCs (siPSCs) could be used as a new source of liver cells to be used as a large animal model for preclinical studies. We first differentiated siPSCs into a homogenous population of hepatoblasts (siHBs). We then separately differentiated them into hepatocytes (siHeps) and cholangiocytes (siChols) expressing respective specific markers and displaying epithelial polarity. Moreover, we showed that polarized siChols can self-organize into 3D structures. These results should facilitate the deciphering of liver development and open the way to exploring co-culture systems that could be assessed during preclinical studies, including in autologous monkey donors, for regenerative medicine purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Luce
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: (E.L.); (A.D.-K.)
| | - Clara Steichen
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Soumeya Abed
- Division of Innovative Therapies, Institute of Biology François Jacob, INSERM, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Fontenay aux Roses, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne Weber
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- Division of Innovative Therapies, Institute of Biology François Jacob, INSERM, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Fontenay aux Roses, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Genetics Division, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leila Maouche-Chrétien
- Division of Innovative Therapies, Institute of Biology François Jacob, INSERM, Paris-Saclay University, CEA Fontenay aux Roses, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Paris-Centre University, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: (E.L.); (A.D.-K.)
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4
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Luce E, Steichen C, Allouche M, Messina A, Heslan JM, Lambert T, Weber A, Nguyen TH, Christophe O, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. In vitro recovery of FIX clotting activity as a marker of highly functional hepatocytes in a hemophilia B iPSC model. Hepatology 2022; 75:866-880. [PMID: 34687060 PMCID: PMC9299628 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes differentiated in monolayer culture are known to have more fetal than adult hepatocyte characteristics. If numerous studies tend to show that this immature phenotype might not necessarily be an obstacle to their use in transplantation, other applications such as drug screening, toxicological studies, or bioartificial livers are reliant on hepatocyte functionality and require full differentiation of hepatocytes. New technologies have been used to improve the differentiation process in recent years, usually evaluated by measuring the albumin production and CYP450 activity. Here we used the complex production and most importantly the activity of the coagulation factor IX (FIX) produced by mature hepatocytes to assess the differentiation of hemophilia B (HB) patient's induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in both monolayer culture and organoids. APPROACH AND RESULTS Indeed, HB is an X-linked monogenic disease due to an impaired activity of FIX synthesized by hepatocytes in the liver. We have developed an in vitro model of HB hepatocytes using iPSCs generated from fibroblasts of a severe HB patient. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to target the genomic insertion of a coagulation factor 9 minigene bearing the Padua mutation to enhance FIX activity. Noncorrected and corrected iPSCs were differentiated into hepatocytes under both two-dimensional and three-dimensional differentiation protocols and deciphered the production of active FIX in vitro. Finally, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy of this approach in vivo using a mouse model of HB. CONCLUSIONS Functional FIX, whose post-translational modifications only occur in fully mature hepatocytes, was only produced in corrected iPSCs differentiated in organoids. Immunohistochemistry analyses of mouse livers indicated a good cell engraftment, and the FIX activity detected in the plasma of transplanted animals confirmed rescue of the bleeding phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléanor Luce
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Clara Steichen
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Mickaël Allouche
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Antonietta Messina
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | | | - Thierry Lambert
- Centre de Référence pour le Traitement des HémophilesHôpital de BicêtreFrance
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Tuan Huy Nguyen
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 1064CHU Hôtel DieuNantesFrance
| | - Olivier Christophe
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 1176Hôpital de BicêtreKremlin-BicêtreFrance
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM Université Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche 1193VillejuifFrance.,Féderation Hospitalo-Universitaire Hépatinov, Hôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance
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5
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Messina A, Luce E, Benzoubir N, Pasqua M, Pereira U, Humbert L, Eguether T, Rainteau D, Duclos-Vallée JC, Legallais C, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Evidence of Adult Features and Functions of Hepatocytes Differentiated from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Self-Organized as Organoids. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030537. [PMID: 35159346 PMCID: PMC8834365 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (iHeps) have been shown to have considerable potential in liver diseases, toxicity, and pharmacological studies. However, there is a growing need to obtain iHeps that are truly similar to primary adult hepatocytes in terms of morphological features and functions. We generated such human iHeps, self-assembled as organoids (iHep-Orgs). Methods: iPSC-derived hepatoblasts were self-assembled into spheroids and differentiated into mature hepatocytes modulating final step of differentiation. Results: In about four weeks of culture, the albumin secretion levels and the complete disappearance of α-fetoprotein from iHep-Orgs suggested the acquisition of a greater degree of maturation than those previously reported. The expression of apical transporters and bile acid secretion evidenced the acquisition of complex hepatocyte polarity as well as the development of a functional and well-defined bile canalicular network confirmed by computational analysis. Activities recorded for CYP450, UGT1A1, and alcohol dehydrogenase, response to hormonal stimulation, and glucose metabolism were also remarkable. Finally, iHep-Orgs displayed a considerable ability to detoxify pathological concentrations of lactate and ammonia. Conclusions: With features similar to those of primary adult hepatocytes, the iHep-Orgs thus produced could be considered as a valuable tool for the development and optimization of preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Messina
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (E.L.); (N.B.); (J.-C.D.-V.)
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.D.-K.)
| | - Eléanor Luce
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (E.L.); (N.B.); (J.-C.D.-V.)
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (E.L.); (N.B.); (J.-C.D.-V.)
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Mattia Pasqua
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, 60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, 60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Lydie Humbert
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Metomics, 75012 Paris, France; (L.H.); (T.E.); (D.R.)
| | - Thibaut Eguether
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Metomics, 75012 Paris, France; (L.H.); (T.E.); (D.R.)
| | - Dominique Rainteau
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Metomics, 75012 Paris, France; (L.H.); (T.E.); (D.R.)
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (E.L.); (N.B.); (J.-C.D.-V.)
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Universités, 60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- UMR_S 1193, INSERM/Université Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (E.L.); (N.B.); (J.-C.D.-V.)
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Hépatinov, AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (M.P.); (U.P.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.D.-K.)
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Luce E, Messina A, Caillaud A, Si-Tayeb K, Cariou B, Bur E, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Duclos-Vallée JC. [Hepatic organoids: What are the challenges?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2021; 37:902-909. [PMID: 34647879 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2021119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The study and understanding of liver organogenesis have allowed the development of protocols for pluripotent stem cells differentiation to overcome the lack of primary cells, providing an almost unlimited source of liver cells. However, as their differentiation in conventional 2D culture systems has shown serious limits, hepatic organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells represent a promising alternative. These complex and organized structures, containing one or more cell types, make it possible to recapitulate in vitro some of the organ functions, thus enabling numerous applications such as the study of the liver development, the mass production of functional liver cells for transplantation or the development of bioartificial livers, as well as the in vitro modeling of hepatic pathologies allowing high throughput applications in drug screening or toxicity studies. Economic and ethical issues must also be taken into account before using these organoids in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléanor Luce
- Inserm UMRS 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Fédération hospitalo-universitaire Hépatinov, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Inserm UMRS 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Fédération hospitalo-universitaire Hépatinov, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Amandine Caillaud
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, Institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Karim Si-Tayeb
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, Institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, Institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Etienne Bur
- Fédération hospitalo-universitaire Hépatinov, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Institut français de BioFabrication, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Inserm UMRS 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Fédération hospitalo-universitaire Hépatinov, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Institut français de BioFabrication, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- Inserm UMRS 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Fédération hospitalo-universitaire Hépatinov, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France - Institut français de BioFabrication, hôpital Paul Brousse, F-94800 Villejuif, France
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7
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Luce E, Messina A, Duclos-Vallée JC, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Advanced Techniques and Awaited Clinical Applications for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation into Hepatocytes. Hepatology 2021; 74:1101-1116. [PMID: 33420753 PMCID: PMC8457237 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation is currently the only curative treatment for several liver diseases such as acute liver failure, end-stage liver disorders, primary liver cancers, and certain genetic conditions. Unfortunately, despite improvements to transplantation techniques, including live donor transplantation, the number of organs available remains insufficient to meet patient needs. Hepatocyte transplantation has enabled some encouraging results as an alternative to organ transplantation, but primary hepatocytes are little available and cannot be amplified using traditional two-dimensional culture systems. Indeed, although recent studies have tended to show that three-dimensional culture enables long-term hepatocyte culture, it is still agreed that, like most adult primary cell types, hepatocytes remain refractory to in vitro expansion. Because of their exceptional properties, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be amplified indefinitely and differentiated into any cell type, including liver cells. While many teams have worked on hepatocyte differentiation, there has been a consensus that cells obtained after hPSC differentiation have more fetal than adult hepatocyte characteristics. New technologies have been used to improve the differentiation process in recent years. This review discusses the technical improvements made to hepatocyte differentiation protocols and the clinical approaches developed to date and anticipated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléanor Luce
- INSERMUniversité Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193VillejuifFrance.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire HépatinovHôpital Paul-BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Antonietta Messina
- INSERMUniversité Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193VillejuifFrance.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire HépatinovHôpital Paul-BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- INSERMUniversité Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193VillejuifFrance.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire HépatinovHôpital Paul-BrousseVillejuifFrance
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERMUniversité Paris-SaclayUnité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193VillejuifFrance.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire HépatinovHôpital Paul-BrousseVillejuifFrance
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8
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Gaillard M, Hornez E, Lecuelle B, Lilin T, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Dagher I, Tranchart H. Liver Regeneration and Recanalization Time Course following Repeated Reversible Portal Vein Embolization in Swine. Eur Surg Res 2020; 61:62-71. [PMID: 33049754 DOI: 10.1159/000509713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Portal vein embolization (PVE) is an accepted technique to preoperatively increase the volume of the future remnant liver before major hepatectomy. A permanent material is usually preferred since its superiority to induce liver hypertrophy over absorbable material has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the use of an absorbable material generates a reversible PVE (RPVE) capable of inducing significant liver hypertrophy. In small animal models, the possibility to proceed to a repeated RPVE (RRPVE) has shown to boost liver hypertrophy further. The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the feasibility and the tolerance of RRPVE in a large animal model, in comparison with permanent PVE (PPVE) and single RPVE. METHODS Six swine (2 per group) were assigned either to single RPVE group (using powdered gelatin sponge), RRPVE group (2 RPVEs separated by 14 days) or PPVE group (using N-butyl-cyanoacrylate). The feasibility and tolerance of the procedures were evaluated using portography, liver function tests and histological analysis. Evolution of liver volumes was assessed with volumetric imaging by computed tomography. RESULTS Embolization of portal branches corresponding to 75% of total liver volume was performed successfully in all animals. Procedures were well tolerated, inducing moderate changes in portal pressure and transient aminotransferase increase. None of the animals developed portal vein thrombosis. After RPVE, complete recanalization occurred at day 11. RRPVE showed a trend for higher hypertrophy, the non-embolized liver to total liver ratio reaching 5.2 ± 1.0% in the RPVE group, 6.8 ± 0.1% in the RRPVE group and 5.0 ± 0.3% in the PPVE group. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION In this preliminary comparative study, RRPVE was as feasible and as well tolerated as the other procedures, and resulted in higher liver hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gaillard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France, .,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France, .,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France, .,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France,
| | - Emmanuel Hornez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
| | - Benoit Lecuelle
- Center for Biomedical Research, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Thomas Lilin
- Center for Biomedical Research, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Ibrahim Dagher
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
| | - Hadrien Tranchart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
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9
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Abstract
The development of protocols for pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation into cholangiocytes and cholangiocyte organoids in three-dimensional structures represent a huge advance in both research and medical fields because of the limited access to primary human cholangiocytes and the potential bias induced by animal models used to study cholangiopathies in vivo. PSC-derived cholangiocyte organoids consisting of either cysts with luminal space or branching tubular structures are composed of cells with apico-basal polarity that can fulfill cholangiocyte functions like the transport of bile salts. Several protocols of PSC differentiation have already been published but we added to the detailed protocol we describe here some notes or advice to facilitate its handling by new users. We also propose detailed protocols to carry out some of the characterization analyses using immunofluorescence to study the expression of specific markers and a functionality test to visualize bile acid transport using cholyl-lysyl-fluorescein (CLF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléanor Luce
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, Villejuif, France; UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Villejuif, France.
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, Villejuif, France; UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Villejuif, France
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10
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Messina A, Luce E, Hussein M, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Hepatic Cells: Hepatocytes and Organoids for Liver Therapy and Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020420. [PMID: 32059501 PMCID: PMC7072243 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a very complex organ that ensures numerous functions; it is thus susceptible to multiple types of damage and dysfunction. Since 1983, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been considered the only medical solution available to patients when most of their liver function is lost. Unfortunately, the number of patients waiting for OLT is worryingly increasing, and extracorporeal liver support devices are not yet able to counteract the problem. In this review, the current and expected methodologies in liver regeneration are briefly analyzed. In particular, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as a source of hepatic cells for liver therapy and regeneration are discussed. Principles of hPSC differentiation into hepatocytes are explored, along with the current limitations that have led to the development of 3D culture systems and organoid production. Expected applications of these organoids are discussed with particular attention paid to bio artificial liver (BAL) devices and liver bio-fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Messina
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Marwa Hussein
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-145595138
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11
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Pasqua M, Pereira U, Messina A, de Lartigue C, Vigneron P, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Legallais C. HepaRG Self-Assembled Spheroids in Alginate Beads Meet the Clinical Needs for Bioartificial Liver. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:613-622. [PMID: 31914890 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In liver tissue engineering, cell culture in spheroids is now well recognized to promote the maintenance of hepatic functions. However, the process leading to spheroids formation is time consuming, costly, and not easy to scale-up for further use in human bioartificial liver (BAL) applications. In this study, we encapsulated HepaRG cells (precursors of hepatocyte-like cells) in 1.5% alginate beads without preforming spheroids. Starting from a given hepatic biomass, we analyzed cell differentiation and metabolic performance for further use in a fluidized-bed BAL. We observed that cells self-rearranged as aggregates within the beads and adequately differentiated over time, in the absence of any differentiating factors classically used. On day 14 postencapsulation, cells displayed a wide range of hepatic features necessary for the treatment of a patient in acute liver failure. These activities include albumin synthesis, ammonia and lactate detoxification, and the efficacy of the enzymes involved in the xenobiotic metabolism (such as CYP1A1/2). Impact statement It has been recognized that culturing cells in spheroids (SPHs) is advantageous as they better reproduce the three-dimensional physiological microenvironment. This approach can be exploited in bioartificial liver applications, where obtaining a functional hepatic biomass is the major challenge. Our study describes an original method for culturing hepatic cells in alginate beads that makes possible the autonomous formation of SPHs after 3 days of culture. In turn, the cells differentiate adequately and display a wide range of hepatic features. They are also capable of treating a pathological plasma model. Finally, this setup can easily be scaled-up to treat acute liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Pasqua
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Compiègne, France
| | - Ulysse Pereira
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Compiègne, France
| | - Antonietta Messina
- DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France.,UMR_S1193 Inserm/Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Claire de Lartigue
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Compiègne, France
| | - Pascale Vigneron
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Compiègne, France
| | | | - Cecile Legallais
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics & Bioengineering, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Compiègne, France.,DHU Hépatinov, Villejuif, France
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12
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Steichen C, Hannoun Z, Luce E, Hauet T, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Genomic integrity of human induced pluripotent stem cells: Reprogramming, differentiation and applications. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:729-747. [PMID: 31692979 PMCID: PMC6828592 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i10.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten years after the initial generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from human tissues, their potential is no longer questioned, with over 15000 publications listed on PubMed, covering various fields of research; including disease modeling, cell therapy strategies, pharmacology/toxicology screening and 3D organoid systems. However, despite evidences that the presence of mutations in hiPSCs should be a concern, publications addressing genomic integrity of these cells represent less than 1% of the literature. After a first overview of the mutation types currently reported in hiPSCs, including karyotype abnormalities, copy number variations, single point mutation as well as uniparental disomy, this review will discuss the impact of reprogramming parameters such as starting cell type and reprogramming method on the maintenance of the cellular genomic integrity. Then, a specific focus will be placed on culture conditions and subsequent differentiation protocols and how their may also trigger genomic aberrations within the cell population of interest. Finally, in a last section, the impact of genomic alterations on the possible usages of hiPSCs and their derivatives will also be exemplified and discussed. We will also discuss which techniques or combination of techniques should be used to screen for genomic abnormalities with a particular focus on the necessary quality controls and the potential alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Steichen
- INSERM U1082 IRTOMIT, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86021, France
- Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Bâtiment D1, 6 rue de la milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Zara Hannoun
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- INSERM U1082 IRTOMIT, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86021, France
- Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Bâtiment D1, 6 rue de la milétrie, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
- Service de Biochimie, Pôle Biospharm, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86021, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire SUPORT, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers F-86021, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
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13
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Caron J, Pène V, Tolosa L, Villaret M, Luce E, Fourrier A, Heslan JM, Saheb S, Bruckert E, Gómez-Lechón MJ, Nguyen TH, Rosenberg AR, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient hepatocytes differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells allow familial hypercholesterolemia modeling, CRISPR/Cas-mediated genetic correction, and productive hepatitis C virus infection. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:221. [PMID: 31358055 PMCID: PMC6664765 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypercholesterolemia type IIA (FH) is due to mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) resulting in elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in plasma and in premature cardiovascular diseases. As hepatocytes are the only cells capable of metabolizing cholesterol, they are therefore the target cells for cell/gene therapy approaches in the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders. Furthermore, the LDLR has been reported to be involved in hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into hepatocytes; however, its role in the virus infection cycle is still disputed. METHODS We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a homozygous LDLR-null FH-patient (FH-iPSCs). We constructed a correction cassette bearing LDLR cDNA under the control of human hepatic apolipoprotein A2 promoter that targets the adeno-associated virus integration site AAVS1. We differentiated both FH-iPSCs and corrected FH-iPSCs (corr-FH-iPSCs) into hepatocytes to study statin-mediated regulation of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Upon HCV particle inoculation, viral replication and production were quantified in these cells. RESULTS We showed that FH-iPSCs displayed the disease phenotype. Using homologous recombination mediated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, FH-iPSCs were genetically corrected by the targeted integration of a correction cassette at the AAVS1 locus. Both FH-iPSCs and corr-FH-iPSCs were then differentiated into functional polarized hepatocytes using a stepwise differentiation approach (FH-iHeps and corr-FH-iHeps). The correct insertion and expression of the correction cassette resulted in restoration of LDLR expression and function (LDL-c uptake) in corr-FH-iHeps. We next demonstrated that pravastatin treatment increased the expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism in both cell models. Moreover, LDLR expression and function were also enhanced in corr-FH-iHeps after pravastatin treatment. Finally, we demonstrated that both FH-iHeps and corr-FH-iHeps were as permissive to viral infection as primary human hepatocytes but that virus production in FH-iHeps was significantly decreased compared to corr-FH-iHeps, suggesting a role of the LDLR in HCV morphogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our work provides the first LDLR-null FH cell model and its corrected counterpart to study the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and host determinants of HCV life cycle, and a platform to screen drugs for treating dyslipidemia and HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Caron
- INSERM UMR_S1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; UMR-S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; DHU Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Laia Tolosa
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM UMR_S1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; UMR-S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; DHU Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Angélique Fourrier
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Samir Saheb
- Service d'Endocrinologie Métabolisme, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Service d'Endocrinologie Métabolisme, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - María José Gómez-Lechón
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERehd, FIS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuan Huy Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Arielle R Rosenberg
- Université Paris Descartes, EA4474, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM UMR_S1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; UMR-S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; DHU Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM UMR_S1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; UMR-S1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; DHU Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.
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14
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Gaillard M, Tranchart H, Lainas P, Trassard O, Remy S, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Dagher I. Improving Hepatocyte Engraftment Following Hepatocyte Transplantation Using Repeated Reversible Portal Vein Embolization in Rats. Liver Transpl 2019; 25:98-110. [PMID: 30358068 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte transplantation (HT) has emerged as a promising alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation, yet liver preconditioning is needed to promote hepatocyte engraftment. A method of temporary occlusion of the portal flow called reversible portal vein embolization (RPVE) has been demonstrated to be an efficient method of liver preconditioning. By providing an additional regenerative stimulus, repeated reversible portal vein embolization (RRPVE) could further boost liver engraftment. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of liver engraftment of transplanted hepatocytes after RPVE and RRPVE in a rat model. Green fluorescent protein-expressing hepatocytes were isolated from transgenic rats and transplanted into 3 groups of syngeneic recipient rats. HT was associated with RPVE in group 1, with RRPVE in group 2, and with sham embolization in the sham group. Liver engraftment was assessed at day 28 after HT on liver samples after immunostaining. Procedures were well tolerated in all groups. RRPVE resulted in increased engraftment rate in total liver parenchyma compared with RPVE (3.4% ± 0.81% versus 1.4% ± 0.34%; P < 0.001). In conclusion, RRPVE successfully enhanced hepatocyte engraftment after HT and could be helpful in the frame of failure of HT due to low cell engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gaillard
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Beclere Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart, France
| | - Hadrien Tranchart
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Beclere Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart, France
| | - Panagiotis Lainas
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Beclere Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart, France
| | - Olivier Trassard
- Institut Biomédical Bicêtre UMS32, Hôpital Bicetre, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | | | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Ibrahim Dagher
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Beclere Hospital, AP-HP, Clamart, France
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15
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Martorell L, Luce E, Vazquez JL, Richaud-Patin Y, Jimenez-Delgado S, Corrales I, Borras N, Casacuberta-Serra S, Weber A, Parra R, Altisent C, Follenzi A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Raya A, Vidal F, Barquinero J. Advanced cell-based modeling of the royal disease: characterization of the mutated F9 mRNA. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:2188-2197. [PMID: 28834196 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Essentials The Royal disease (RD) is a form of hemophilia B predicted to be caused by a splicing mutation. We generated an iPSC-based model of the disease allowing mechanistic studies at the RNA level. F9 mRNA analysis in iPSC-derived hepatocyte-like cells showed the predicted abnormal splicing. Mutated F9 mRNA level was very low but we also found traces of wild type transcripts. SUMMARY Background The royal disease is a form of hemophilia B (HB) that affected many descendants of Queen Victoria in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was found to be caused by the mutation F9 c.278-3A>G. Objective To generate a physiological cell model of the disease and to study F9 expression at the RNA level. Methods Using fibroblasts from skin biopsies of a previously identified hemophilic patient bearing the F9 c.278-3A>G mutation and his mother, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Both the patient's and mother's iPSCs were differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and their F9 mRNA was analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results and Conclusion We demonstrated the previously predicted aberrant splicing of the F9 transcript as a result of an intronic nucleotide substitution leading to a frameshift and the generation of a premature termination codon (PTC). The F9 mRNA level in the patient's HLCs was significantly reduced compared with that of his mother, suggesting that mutated transcripts undergo nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), a cellular mechanism that degrades PTC-containing mRNAs. We also detected small proportions of correctly spliced transcripts in the patient's HLCs, which, combined with genetic variability in splicing and NMD machineries, could partially explain some clinical variability among affected members of the European royal families who had lifespans above the average. This work allowed the demonstration of the pathologic consequences of an intronic mutation in the F9 gene and represents the first bona fide cellular model of HB allowing the study of rare mutations at the RNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Martorell
- Gene and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy Unit, VHIR-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Luce
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - J L Vazquez
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Richaud-Patin
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Jimenez-Delgado
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Corrales
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Borras
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Casacuberta-Serra
- Gene and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Weber
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - R Parra
- Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy Unit, VHIR-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hemophilia Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Altisent
- Hemophilia Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Follenzi
- University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - A Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR_S) 1193, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - A Raya
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Vidal
- Congenital Coagulopathies Laboratory, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy Unit, VHIR-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Cardiovascular Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Barquinero
- Gene and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Strassel C, Bull A, Moog S, Receveur N, Mallo L, Mangin P, Eckly A, Freund M, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Gachet C, Lanza F. Lentiviral gene rescue of a Bernard-Soulier mouse model to study platelet glycoprotein Ibβ function. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1470-9. [PMID: 27148783 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials A signaling role of glycoprotein (GP)Ibβ is postulated but not formally demonstrated in platelets. Lentiviral-mediated rescue in knock-out mice can be used to evaluate GPIbβ function in vivo. Transduction of the native subunit corrected the main defects associated with GPIb-IX deficiency Deletion of intracellular 159-170 segment increased thrombosis, 150-160 removal increased bleeding. SUMMARY Background The platelet glycoprotein (GP)Ib-V-IX complex is required for normal hemostasis and megakaryopoiesis. A role in GPIb-dependent responses has been ascribed to the less well characterized GPIbβ subunit using a specific antibody and GPIb-IX transfected cells. Objectives Our aim was to evaluate, in vivo, the role of the GPIbβ in hemostasis and thrombosis. Methods GPIbβ(null) Sca-1(+) progenitors transduced with viral particles harboring hGPIbβ were transplanted into lethally irradiated GPIbβ(-/-) recipient mice. Results hGPIbβ transplanted into the bone marrow of GPIbβ(null) mice rescued GPIb-IX expression in 97% of circulating platelets. These platelets efficiently bound von Willebrand factor (VWF) and extended filopodia on a VWF matrix, demonstrating the restoration of GPIb-dependent adhesive and signaling properties. These mice exhibited less severe macrothrombocytopenia and had normal tail bleeding times as compared with GPIbβ(null) mice. This strategy was employed to manipulate and evaluate the role of the GPIbβ intracellular domain. Removal of the membrane proximal segment (Δ(150-160) ) decreased GPIb-IX expression by 43%, confirming its involvement in receptor assembly and biosynthesis, and resulted in increased bleeding times and decreased thrombosis in a mechanical injury model in the aorta. On the other hand, deletion of the C-flanking 159-170 segment allowed normal GPIb-IX expression, VWF-dependent responses and bleeding times, but resulted in enhanced arterial thrombosis. Conclusion This pointed to a repressor role of GPIbβ in thrombus formation in vivo that was not predicted in studies of heterologous cells. These results highlight the utility of this lentiviral strategy for the structure-function evaluation of GPIb-IX in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Strassel
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Bull
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Moog
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Receveur
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Mallo
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Mangin
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Eckly
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Freund
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
- Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - C Gachet
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Lanza
- UMR_S949 INSERM, Strasbourg, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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17
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Hannoun Z, Steichen C, Dianat N, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. The potential of induced pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocytes. J Hepatol 2016; 65:182-199. [PMID: 26916529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for liver disease. However, the number of patients who die while on the waiting list (15%) has increased in recent years as a result of severe organ shortages; furthermore the incidence of liver disease is increasing worldwide. Clinical trials involving hepatocyte transplantation have provided encouraging results. However, transplanted cell function appears to often decline after several months, necessitating liver transplantation. The precise aetiology of the loss of cell function is not clear, but poor engraftment and immune-mediated loss appear to be important factors. Also, primary human hepatocytes (PHH) are not readily available, de-differentiate, and die rapidly in culture. Hepatocytes are available from other sources, such as tumour-derived human hepatocyte cell lines and immortalised human hepatocyte cell lines or porcine hepatocytes. However, all these cells suffer from various limitations such as reduced or differences in functions or risk of zoonotic infections. Due to their significant potential, one possible inexhaustible source of hepatocytes is through the directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This review will discuss the potential applications and existing limitations of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes in regenerative medicine, drug screening, in vitro disease modelling and bioartificial livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Hannoun
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Clara Steichen
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Noushin Dianat
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France.
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18
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Dianat N, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. [Human pluripotent stem cells and liver disorders]. Biol Aujourdhui 2016; 210:19-26. [PMID: 27286577 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2016006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver is associated with many diseases including metabolic and cholestatic diseases, cirrhosis as well as chronic and acute hepatitis. However, knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases remains limited due to the restricted access to liver biopsies and the lack of cellular models derived from patients. The liver is the main organ responsible for the elimination of xenobiotics and thus hepatocytes have a key role in toxicology and pharmacokinetics. The induced pluripotent stem cells generated from patients with monogenic metabolic disorders, for which the corresponding gene is identified, are relevant in vitro models for the study of the mechanisms involved in generation of pathologies and also for drug screening. Towards this aim, robust protocols for generating liver cells, such as hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, are essential. Our study focused on familial hypercholesterolemia disease modeling, as well as on establishing a protocol for generation of functional cholangiocytes from pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Dianat
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France - UMR S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France - Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France - UMR S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France - Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France - UMR S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France - Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94807 Villejuif, France
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19
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Kaščáková S, Kewish CM, Rouzière S, Schmitt F, Sobesky R, Poupon J, Sandt C, Francou B, Somogyi A, Samuel D, Jacquemin E, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Nguyen TH, Bazin D, Duclos-Vallée JC, Guettier C, Le Naour F. Rapid and reliable diagnosis of Wilson disease using X-ray fluorescence. J Pathol Clin Res 2016; 2:175-86. [PMID: 27499926 PMCID: PMC4958738 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease due to mutations of the gene encoding the copper-transporter ATP7B. The diagnosis is hampered by the variability of symptoms induced by copper accumulation, the inconstancy of the pathognomonic signs and the absence of a reliable diagnostic test. We investigated the diagnostic potential of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) that allows quantitative analysis of multiple elements. Studies were performed on animal models using Wistar rats (n = 10) and Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats (n = 11), and on human samples including normal livers (n = 10), alcohol cirrhosis (n = 8), haemochromatosis (n = 10), cholestasis (n = 6) and WD (n = 22). XRF experiments were first performed using synchrotron radiation to address the elemental composition at the cellular level. High-resolution mapping of tissue sections allowed measurement of the intensity and the distribution of copper, iron and zinc while preserving the morphology. Investigations were further conducted using a laboratory X-ray source for irradiating whole pieces of tissue. The sensitivity of XRF was highlighted by the discrimination of LEC rats from wild type even under a regimen using copper deficient food. XRF on whole formalin-fixed paraffin embedded needle biopsies allowed profiling of the elements in a few minutes. The intensity of copper related to iron and zinc significantly discriminated WD from other genetic or chronic liver diseases with 97.6% specificity and 100% sensitivity. This study established a definite diagnosis of Wilson's disease based on XRF. This rapid and versatile method can be easily implemented in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slávka Kaščáková
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France
| | - Cameron M Kewish
- Ligne de lumière NANOSCOPIUM, Synchrotron SOLEIL Gif sur Yvette, F-91192 France
| | - Stéphan Rouzière
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides UMR CNRS 8502, Univ Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 510 Orsay Cedex 91405 France
| | - Françoise Schmitt
- INSERM, Unité 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation & Immunologie, ITUN, CHU Hôtel DieuNantesFrance; Univ d'AngersHIFIH, UPRES 3859AngersFrance
| | - Rodolphe Sobesky
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France; AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hépato-BiliaireVillejuifF-94800France; Centre de Référence National de la Maladie de Wilson, AP-HPFrance
| | - Joël Poupon
- Centre de Référence National de la Maladie de Wilson, AP-HPFrance; AP-HP Hôpital Lariboisière, Laboratoire de toxicologie biologiqueParis Cedex 1075475France
| | - Christophe Sandt
- Ligne de lumière SMIS, Synchrotron SOLEIL Gif sur Yvette, F-91192 France
| | - Bruno Francou
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex F-94276 France
| | - Andrea Somogyi
- Ligne de lumière NANOSCOPIUM, Synchrotron SOLEIL Gif sur Yvette, F-91192 France
| | - Didier Samuel
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France; AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hépato-BiliaireVillejuifF-94800France; Centre de Référence National de la Maladie de Wilson, AP-HPFrance
| | - Emmanuel Jacquemin
- DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France; Centre de Référence National de la Maladie de Wilson, AP-HPFrance; Service d'Hépatologie et de Transplantation Hépatique Pédiatriques, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris SudLe Kremlin Bicêtre Cedex, F-94275France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1174OrsayF-91400France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France
| | - Tuan Huy Nguyen
- INSERM, Unité 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation & Immunologie, ITUN, CHU Hôtel Dieu Nantes France
| | - Dominique Bazin
- Univ Paris 6, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) Paris F-75005 France
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France; AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hépato-BiliaireVillejuifF-94800France; Centre de Référence National de la Maladie de Wilson, AP-HPFrance
| | - Catherine Guettier
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France; AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Service d'Anatomo-PathologieVillejuifF-94807France
| | - François Le Naour
- INSERMUnité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; Univ Paris-SudUMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800France; DHU HepatinovVillejuif, F-94800France
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20
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Tranchart H, Koffi GM, Gaillard M, Lainas P, Poüs C, Gonin P, Nguyen TH, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Dagher I. Liver regeneration following repeated reversible portal vein embolization in an experimental model. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1209-19. [PMID: 27256140 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portal vein embolization (PVE) is used routinely to prevent postoperative liver failure as a result of anticipated insufficient future liver remnant volume following resection. The authors have recently developed a technique for temporary PVE. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of repeated reversible PVE on hepatocyte proliferation and subsequent liver hypertrophy in rodents. METHODS Four treatments were compared (n = 21 rats per group): single reversible PVE, two PVEs separated by 14 days, partial portal vein ligation or sham procedure. The feasibility and tolerance of the procedure were assessed. Volumetric imaging by CT was used to estimate the evolution of liver volumes. After death, the weight of liver lobes was measured and hepatocyte proliferation evaluated by immunostaining. RESULTS Embolization of portal branches corresponding to 70 per cent of total portal flow was performed successfully in all animals. Repeated PVE induced additional hepatocyte proliferation. Repeated embolization resulted in superior hepatocyte proliferation in the non-occluded segments compared with portal vein ligation (31·1 versus 22·2 per cent; P = 0·003). The non-occluded to total liver volume ratio was higher in the repeated PVE group than in the single PVE and sham groups (P = 0·050 and P = 0·001 respectively). CONCLUSION Repeated reversible PVE successfully induced additional hepatocyte proliferation and subsequent liver hypertrophy. Surgical relevance Portal vein embolization (PVE) is used routinely to prevent postoperative liver failure as a result of anticipated insufficient future liver remnant volume following resection. In the present study, a technique of repeated temporary PVE was developed in a rat model; this induced additional hepatocyte proliferation and an increase in liver volume compared with single embolization. This novel approach might help induce major hypertrophy of the future remnant liver, which could increase the rate of patients amenable to major liver resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tranchart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France.,Departments of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Sud University, Clamart, France
| | - G M Koffi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France
| | - M Gaillard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France.,Departments of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Sud University, Clamart, France
| | - P Lainas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France.,Departments of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Sud University, Clamart, France
| | - C Poüs
- Departments of Biochemistry, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Sud University, Clamart, France
| | - P Gonin
- Service Commun d'Expérimentation Animale, Gustave Roussy Institut, Villejuif, France
| | - T H Nguyen
- INSERM U1064, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - A Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France
| | - I Dagher
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Villejuif, France.,Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche, Paris-Sud University, Villejuif, France.,Departments of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Sud University, Clamart, France
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21
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Tolosa L, Caron J, Hannoun Z, Antoni M, López S, Burks D, Castell JV, Weber A, Gomez-Lechon MJ, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Transplantation of hESC-derived hepatocytes protects mice from liver injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:246. [PMID: 26652177 PMCID: PMC4676869 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatic cell therapy has become a viable alternative to liver transplantation for life-threatening liver diseases. However, the supply of human hepatocytes is limited due to the shortage of suitable donor organs required to isolate high-quality cells. Human pluripotent stem cells reflect a potential renewable source for generating functional hepatocytes. However, most differentiation protocols use undefined matrices or factors of animal origin; as such, the resulting hepatocytes are not Good Manufacturing Practice compliant. Moreover, the preclinical studies employed to assess safety and function of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived hepatocytes are generally limited to immunodeficient mice. In the present study, we evaluate the generation of hepatocytes under defined conditions using a European hESC line (VAL9) which was derived under animal-free conditions. The function capacity of VAL9-derived hepatocytes was assessed by transplantation into mice with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure, a clinically relevant model. Methods We developed a protocol that successfully differentiates hESCs into bipotent hepatic progenitors under defined conditions, without the use of chromatin modifiers such as dimethyl sulphoxide. These progenitors can be cryopreserved and are able to generate both committed precursors of cholangiocytes and neonate-like hepatocytes. Results Thirty days post-differentiation, hESCs expressed hepatocyte-specific markers such as asialoglycoprotein receptor and hepatic nuclear factors including HNF4α. The cells exhibited properties of mature hepatocytes such as urea secretion and UGT1A1 and cytochrome P450 activities. When transplanted into mice with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure, a model of liver damage, the VAL9-derived hepatocytes efficiently engrafted and proliferated, repopulating up to 10 % of the liver. In these transplanted livers, we observed a significant decrease of liver transaminases and found no evidence of tumourigenicity. Thus, VAL9-derived hepatocytes were able to rescue hepatic function in acetaminophen-treated animals. Conclusions Our study reveals an efficient protocol for differentiating VAL9 hESCs to neonatal hepatocytes which are then able to repopulate livers in vivo without tumour induction. The human hepatocytes are able to rescue liver function in mice with acetaminophen-induced acute toxicity. These results provide proof-of-concept that replacement therapies using hESC-derived hepatocytes are effective for treating liver diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0227-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Tolosa
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS LA Fe, Valencia, S-46026, Spain. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
| | - Jérôme Caron
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
| | - Zara Hannoun
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
| | - Marc Antoni
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
| | - Silvia López
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS LA Fe, Valencia, S-46026, Spain.
| | - Deborah Burks
- CIBERDEM, Centro de Investigacion Prıncipe Felipe, Valencia, S-46012, Spain.
| | - Jose Vicente Castell
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS LA Fe, Valencia, S-46026, Spain. .,CIBERehd, FIS, Barcelona, S-08036, Spain.
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
| | - Maria-Jose Gomez-Lechon
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, IIS LA Fe, Valencia, S-46026, Spain. .,CIBERehd, FIS, Barcelona, S-08036, Spain.
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM, U 1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, F-94807, France. .,Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France. .,DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
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22
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Steichen C, Maluenda J, Tosca L, Luce E, Pineau D, Dianat N, Hannoun Z, Tachdjian G, Melki J, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. An atypical human induced pluripotent stem cell line with a complex, stable, and balanced genomic rearrangement including a large de novo 1q uniparental disomy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:224-9. [PMID: 25650439 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) hold great promise for cell therapy through their use as vital tools for regenerative and personalized medicine. However, the genomic integrity of hiPSCs still raises some concern and is one of the barriers limiting their use in clinical applications. Numerous articles have reported the occurrence of aneuploidies, copy number variations, or single point mutations in hiPSCs, and nonintegrative reprogramming strategies have been developed to minimize the impact of the reprogramming process on the hiPSC genome. Here, we report the characterization of an hiPSC line generated by daily transfections of modified messenger RNAs, displaying several genomic abnormalities. Karyotype analysis showed a complex genomic rearrangement, which remained stable during long-term culture. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses were performed on the hiPSC line showing that this karyotype is balanced. Interestingly, single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed the presence of a large 1q region of uniparental disomy (UPD), demonstrating for the first time that UPD can occur in a noncompensatory context during nonintegrative reprogramming of normal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Steichen
- INSERM U972 and Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S972, Université Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Jérôme Maluenda
- INSERM UMR S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lucie Tosca
- Department of Cytogenetics, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France
| | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM U972 and Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S972, Université Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Noushin Dianat
- INSERM U972 and Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S972, Université Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Zara Hannoun
- INSERM U972 and Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S972, Université Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Judith Melki
- INSERM UMR S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U972 and Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S972, Université Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Département Hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France;
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23
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Blasimme A, Anegon I, Concordet JP, De Vos J, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Fellous M, Fouchet P, Frydman N, Giovannangeli C, Jouannet P, Serre JL, Steffann J, Rial-Sebbag E, Thomsen M, Cambon-Thomsen A. Genome Editing and Dialogic Responsibility: "What's in a Name?". Am J Bioeth 2015; 15:54-57. [PMID: 26632366 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2015.1103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John De Vos
- d Inserm U1183-CHRU Université de Montpellier
| | | | | | - Pierre Fouchet
- g Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, INSERM U967, Fontenay aux roses
| | - Nelly Frydman
- h Reproductive biology unit (AP-HP) Université Paris Sud-Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Carine Giovannangeli
- i Museum national d'Histoire naturelle-Structure et Instabilité des Génomes-INSERM U1154 -CNRS 7196
| | | | | | - Julie Steffann
- l Inserm U1163-Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne cité - Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades
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24
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Dianat N, Dubois-Pot-Schneider H, Steichen C, Desterke C, Leclerc P, Raveux A, Combettes L, Weber A, Corlu A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Generation of functional cholangiocyte-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells and HepaRG cells. Hepatology 2014; 60:700-14. [PMID: 24715669 PMCID: PMC4315871 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cholangiocytes are biliary epithelial cells, which, like hepatocytes, originate from hepatoblasts during embryonic development. In this study we investigated the potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to differentiate into cholangiocytes and we report a new approach, which drives differentiation of hESCs toward the cholangiocytic lineage using feeder-free and defined culture conditions. After differentiation into hepatic progenitors, hESCs were differentiated further into cholangiocytes using growth hormone, epidermal growth factor, interleukin-6, and then sodium taurocholate. These conditions also allowed us to generate cholangiocytes from HepaRG-derived hepatoblasts. hESC- and HepaRG-derived cholangiocyte-like cells expressed markers of cholangiocytes including cytokeratin 7 and osteopontin, and the transcription factors SOX9 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 6. The cells also displayed specific proteins important for cholangiocyte functions including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, secretin receptor, and nuclear receptors. They formed primary cilia and also responded to hormonal stimulation by increase of intracellular Ca(2+) . We demonstrated by integrative genomics that the expression of genes, which signed hESC- or HepaRG-cholangiocytes, separates hepatocytic lineage from cholangiocyte lineage. When grown in a 3D matrix, cholangiocytes developed epithelial/apicobasal polarity and formed functional cysts and biliary ducts. In addition, we showed that cholangiocyte-like cells could also be generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells, demonstrating the efficacy of our approach with stem/progenitor cells of diverse origins. CONCLUSION We have developed a robust and efficient method for differentiating pluripotent stem cells into cholangiocyte-like cells, which display structural and functional similarities to bile duct cells in normal liver. These cells will be useful for the in vitro study of the molecular mechanisms of bile duct development and have important potential for therapeutic strategies, including bioengineered liver approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Dianat
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,IFR 93, Bicêtre HospitalKremlin-Bicêtre, France,DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France
| | | | - Clara Steichen
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,IFR 93, Bicêtre HospitalKremlin-Bicêtre, France,DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France
| | | | - Aurélien Raveux
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,IFR 93, Bicêtre HospitalKremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurent Combettes
- DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,INSERM UMR-S 757UPS-Orsay, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,IFR 93, Bicêtre HospitalKremlin-Bicêtre, France,DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France
| | - Anne Corlu
- INSERM, UMR-S 991, Pontchaillou HospitalRennes, France,University of Rennes 1Rennes, France,
Address reprint requests to: Anne Corlu, Ph.D., INSERM, UMR-S 991, Pontchaillou Hospital, Rennes F-35033, France. E-mail: ; or Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt, M.D., INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, F-94807, France. ; fax: +33 (0)1 47 26 03 19, +33 (0)2 99 54 01 37
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM, U972, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France,Université Paris Sud, UMR-S 972Villejuif, France,IFR 93, Bicêtre HospitalKremlin-Bicêtre, France,DHU Hepatinov, Paul Brousse HospitalVillejuif, France
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25
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Steichen C, Luce E, Maluenda J, Tosca L, Moreno-Gimeno I, Desterke C, Dianat N, Goulinet-Mainot S, Awan-Toor S, Burks D, Marie J, Weber A, Tachdjian G, Melki J, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Messenger RNA- versus retrovirus-based induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming strategies: analysis of genomic integrity. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:686-91. [PMID: 24736403 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic messenger RNAs to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is particularly appealing for potential regenerative medicine applications, because it overcomes the common drawbacks of DNA-based or virus-based reprogramming strategies, including transgene integration in particular. We compared the genomic integrity of mRNA-derived iPSCs with that of retrovirus-derived iPSCs generated in strictly comparable conditions, by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and copy number variation (CNV) analyses. We showed that mRNA-derived iPSCs do not differ significantly from the parental fibroblasts in SNP analysis, whereas retrovirus-derived iPSCs do. We found that the number of CNVs seemed independent of the reprogramming method, instead appearing to be clone-dependent. Furthermore, differentiation studies indicated that mRNA-derived iPSCs differentiated efficiently into hepatoblasts and that these cells did not load additional CNVs during differentiation. The integration-free hepatoblasts that were generated constitute a new tool for the study of diseased hepatocytes derived from patients' iPSCs and their use in the context of stem cell-derived hepatocyte transplantation. Our findings also highlight the need to conduct careful studies on genome integrity for the selection of iPSC lines before using them for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Steichen
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Jérôme Maluenda
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Lucie Tosca
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Inmaculada Moreno-Gimeno
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Noushin Dianat
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Goulinet-Mainot
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Sarah Awan-Toor
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Deborah Burks
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Joëlle Marie
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Gérard Tachdjian
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Judith Melki
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, Université Paris-Sud, Unité Mixte de Recherche S972, and Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche S986, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 93, Bicêtre Hospital, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Cytogenetics, INSERM U935, Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Obesidad, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia, Spain; Molecular Genetics Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 3404, Gif-sur-Yvette, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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26
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Dianat N, Steichen C, Vallier L, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Human pluripotent stem cells for modelling human liver diseases and cell therapy. Curr Gene Ther 2013; 13:120-32. [PMID: 23444872 PMCID: PMC3882648 DOI: 10.2174/1566523211313020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The liver is affected by many types of diseases, including metabolic disorders and acute liver failure. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is currently the only effective treatment for life-threatening liver diseases but transplantation of allogeneic hepatocytes has now become an alternative as it is less invasive than OLT and can be performed repeatedly. However, this approach is hampered by the shortage of organ donors, and the problems related to the isolation of high quality adult hepatocytes, their cryopreservation and their absence of proliferation in culture. Liver is also a key organ to assess the pharmacokinetics and toxicology of xenobiotics and for drug discovery, but appropriate cell culture systems are lacking. All these problems have highlighted the need to explore other sources of cells such as stem cells that could be isolated, expanded to yield sufficiently large populations and then induced to differentiate into functional hepatocytes. The presence of a niche of “facultative” progenitor and stem cells in the normal liver has recently been confirmed but they display no telomerase activity. The recent discovery that human induced pluripotent stem cells can be generated from somatic cells has renewed hopes for regenerative medicine and in vitro disease modelling, as these cells are easily accessible. We review here the present progresses, limits and challenges for the generation of functional hepatocytes from human pluripotent stem cells in view of their potential use in regenerative medicine and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Dianat
- INSERM UMR-S972, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, F-94807, France
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27
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Yang G, Si-Tayeb K, Corbineau S, Vernet R, Gayon R, Dianat N, Martinet C, Clay D, Goulinet-Mainot S, Tachdjian G, Tachdjian G, Burks D, Vallier L, Bouillé P, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Weber A. Integration-deficient lentivectors: an effective strategy to purify and differentiate human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatic progenitors. BMC Biol 2013; 11:86. [PMID: 23870169 PMCID: PMC3751548 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-11-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold great promise for applications in regenerative medicine. However, the safety of cell therapy using differentiated hPSC derivatives must be improved through methods that will permit the transplantation of homogenous populations of a specific cell type. To date, purification of progenitors and mature cells generated from either embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells remains challenging with use of conventional methods. Results We used lentivectors encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the liver-specific apoliprotein A-II (APOA-II) promoter to purify human hepatic progenitors. We evaluated both integrating and integration-defective lentivectors in combination with an HIV integrase inhibitor. A human embryonic stem cell line was differentiated into hepatic progenitors using a chemically defined protocol. Subsequently, cells were transduced and sorted at day 16 of differentiation to obtain a cell population enriched in hepatic progenitor cells. After sorting, more than 99% of these APOA-II-GFP-positive cells expressed hepatoblast markers such as α-fetoprotein and cytokeratin 19. When further cultured for 16 days, these cells underwent differentiation into more mature cells and exhibited hepatocyte properties such as albumin secretion. Moreover, they were devoid of vector DNA integration. Conclusions We have developed an effective strategy to purify human hepatic cells from cultures of differentiating hPSCs, producing a novel tool that could be used not only for cell therapy but also for in vitro applications such as drug screening. The present strategy should also be suitable for the purification of a broad range of cell types derived from either pluripotent or adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Yang
- INSERM U 972, IFR 93, Bicêtre Hospital, and Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif F-94807, France
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28
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Cambot M, Mazurier C, Canoui-Poitrine F, Hebert N, Picot J, Clay D, Picard V, Ripoche P, Douay L, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Cartron JP. In vitro generated Rh(null) red cells recapitulate the in vivo deficiency: a model for rare blood group phenotypes and erythroid membrane disorders. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:343-9. [PMID: 23417980 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lentiviral modification combined with ex vivo erythroid differentiation was used to stably inhibit RhAG expression, a critical component of the Rh(rhesus) membrane complex defective in the Rh(null) syndrome. The cultured red cells generated recapitulate the major alterations of native Rh(null) cells regarding antigen expression, membrane deformability, and gas transport function, providing the proof of principle for their use as model of Rh(null) syndrome and to investigate Rh complex biogenesis in human primary erythroid cells. Using this model, we were able to reveal for the first time that RhAG extinction alone is sufficient to explain ICAM-4 and CD47 loss observed on native Rh(null) RBCs. Together with the effects of RhAG forced expression in Rh(null) progenitors, this strongly strengthens the hypothesis that RhAG is critical to Rh complex formation. The strategy is also promising for diagnosis purpose in order to overcome the supply from rare blood donors and is applicable to other erythroid defects and rare phenotypes, providing models to dissect membrane biogenesis of multicomplex proteins in erythroid cells, with potential clinical applications in transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cambot
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS); 75015; Paris; France
| | | | | | | | - Julien Picot
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS); 75015; Paris; France
| | | | - Véronique Picard
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bicêtre; 94275; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre; France
| | - Pierre Ripoche
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS); 75015; Paris; France
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29
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Verhoeyen E, Relouzat F, Cambot M, Costa C, Nègre D, Legrand F, Joubert C, Le Grand R, Cosset FL, Leboulch P, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Prost S. Stem cell factor-displaying simian immunodeficiency viral vectors together with a low conditioning regimen allow for long-term engraftment of gene-marked autologous hematopoietic stem cells in macaques. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 23:754-68. [PMID: 22463386 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although clinical benefits have been reported in several human hematopoietic gene therapy trials, a remaining important goal is the transition to nonmyeloablative pretransplantation conditioning to decrease toxicity. Previous attempts at reduced intensity conditioning in nonhuman primates have resulted in only temporary vector marking of autologous blood cells or their persistence at low levels, well below the thresholds for clinical efficacy. In addition, we reasoned that lentiviral vector particles displaying cytokines at their surface have the potential to preserve stem cell fitness better than current ex vivo transduction protocols, which involve exposure to cytokine overstimulation. Here we show that the classically nonmyeloablative agent fludarabine (30 mg/m(2)/day for 3 days) together with low-level total body irradiation (2 Gy) and the use of a stem cell factor-displaying simian immunodeficiency virus-based vector, resulted in sustained, single-copy vector marking of autologous blood cells in two macaques over 3 years posttransplantation at levels averaging 1% of all lineages. This percentage is within the range of anticipated efficacy levels for hemophilia and related diseases and forms a basis for further improvement.
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30
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Greco C, Bralet MP, Ailane N, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Rubinstein E, Le Naour F, Boucheix C. E-cadherin/p120-catenin and tetraspanin Co-029 cooperate for cell motility control in human colon carcinoma. Cancer Res 2010; 70:7674-83. [PMID: 20858717 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-4482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor invasion and metastasis are major obstacles to clinical treatment that rely on cell migration. Here, we elucidate a mechanism of colon carcinoma cell migration that is supported by the cell surface tetraspanin Co-029 (tspan8), which is known to favor tumor progression and metastasis. This mechanism is unmasked by silencing of E-cadherin or its associated adapter molecule p120-catenin (p120ctn), and it involves a switch in signaling between the collagen-binding integrins α(1)β(1) and α(2)β(1). Direct interaction between E-cadherin and Co-029 was documented by chemical cross-linking and immunohistologic analysis of colon carcinomas. High expression of Co-029 and cytoplasmic delocalization of p120ctn were each associated with poor prognosis. Cell motility was reduced severely by antibody-mediated disruption of Co-029 only when p120ctn was silenced, suggesting that tumor progression may be hindered by Co-029 targeting. Our findings define a function for tetraspanin Co-029 as a modifier of cancer cell motility and reveal an adhesion signaling network implicated in progression and metastasis.
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31
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Briquet-Laugier V, El Golli N, Nurden P, Lavenu-Bombled C, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Nurden A, Rosa JP. Thrombopoietin-induced Dami cells as a model for α-granule biogenesis. Platelets 2009; 15:341-4. [PMID: 15370095 DOI: 10.1080/09537100410001721342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocytic alpha-granules contain secretory proteins relevant to megakaryocyte and platelet functions. Understanding alpha-granule biogenesis is hampered because human primary megakaryocytes are difficult to manipulate. Existing promegakaryocytic cell lines do not spontaneously exhibit mature alpha-granules. Dami cells, transfected with the megakaryocytic platelet factor 4, fused to GFP (PF4-GFP), were induced in the presence of thrombopoietin (TPO), a megakaryocyte cytokine and PMA. Using confocal microscopy, PF4-GFP colocalized with von Willebrand Factor (vWF) in newly formed storage granules. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated alpha-granule-like features, including a dense core or parallel tubules and colocalization of PF4-GFP and vWF. Hence, TPO-treated Dami cells are a suitable model to study alpha-granules and their biogenesis.
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32
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Fabre S, Carrette F, Chen J, Lang V, Semichon M, Denoyelle C, Lazar V, Cagnard N, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Mangeney M, Fruman DA, Bismuth G. FOXO1 regulates L-Selectin and a network of human T cell homing molecules downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Immunol 2008; 181:2980-9. [PMID: 18713968 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.5.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In T cells, the PI3K pathway promotes proliferation and survival induced by Ag or growth factors, in part by inactivating the FOXO transcription factor 1. We now report that FOXO1 controls the expression of L-selectin, an essential homing molecule, in human T lymphocytes. This control is already operational in unprimed T cells and involves a transcriptional regulation process that requires the FOXO1 DNA-binding domain. Using transcriptional profiling, we demonstrate that FOXO1 also increases transcripts of EDG1 and EDG6, two sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors that regulate lymphocyte trafficking. Additionally, FOXO1 binds the promoter of the cell quiescence and homing regulator Krüppel-like factor 2 and regulates its expression. Together, these results reveal a new function of FOXO1 in the immune system and suggest that PI3K controls a coordinated network of transcription factors regulating both cell quiescence and homing of human T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Fabre
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104), Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
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33
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Gyan E, Frisan E, Beyne-Rauzy O, Deschemin JC, Randriamampita C, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Pla-Brunet M, Garrido C, Dreyfus F, Mayeux P, Lacombe C, Solary E, Fontenay M. P030 A role for the endoplasmic reticulum in the apoptosis of erythroid precursors in low risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(07)70100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Lavenu-Bombled C, Izac B, Legrand F, Cambot M, Vigier A, Massé JM, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Glycoprotein Ibalpha promoter drives megakaryocytic lineage-restricted expression after hematopoietic stem cell transduction using a self-inactivating lentiviral vector. Stem Cells 2007; 25:1571-7. [PMID: 17379771 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocytic (MK) lineage is an attractive target for cell/gene therapy approaches, aiming at correcting platelet protein deficiencies. However, MK cells are short-lived cells, and their permanent modification requires modification of hematopoietic stem cells with an integrative vector such as a lentiviral vector. Glycoprotein (Gp) IIb promoter, the most studied among the MK regulatory sequences, is also active in stem cells. To strictly limit transgene expression to the MK lineage after transduction of human CD34(+) hematopoietic cells with a lentiviral vector, we looked for a promoter activated later during MK differentiation. Human cord blood, bone marrow, and peripheral-blood mobilized CD34(+) cells were transduced with a human immunodeficiency virus-derived self-inactivating lentiviral vector encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the transcriptional control of GpIbalpha, GpIIb, or EF1alpha gene regulatory sequences. Both GpIbalpha and GpIIb promoters restricted GFP expression (analyzed by flow cytometry and immunoelectron microscopy) in MK cells among the maturing progeny of transduced cells. However, only the GpIbalpha promoter was strictly MK-specific, whereas GpIIb promoter was leaky in immature progenitor cells not yet engaged in MK cell lineage differentiation. We thus demonstrate the pertinence of using a 328-base-pair fragment of the human GpIbalpha gene regulatory sequence, in the context of a lentiviral vector, to tightly restrict transgene expression to the MK lineage after transduction of human CD34(+) hematopoietic cells. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Lavenu-Bombled
- Institut Cochin, Department of Hematology, Hôpital de Port-Royal, 123 Bd de Port-Royal, Paris 75014, France
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35
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Rébé C, Cathelin S, Launay S, Filomenko R, Prévotat L, L'Ollivier C, Gyan E, Micheau O, Grant S, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Fontenay M, Solary E. Caspase-8 prevents sustained activation of NF-kappaB in monocytes undergoing macrophagic differentiation. Blood 2006; 109:1442-50. [PMID: 17047155 PMCID: PMC2492986 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-03-011585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases have demonstrated several nonapoptotic functions including a role in the differentiation of specific cell types. Here, we show that caspase-8 is the upstream enzyme in the proteolytic caspase cascade whose activation is required for the differentiation of peripheral-blood monocytes into macrophages. On macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) exposure, caspase-8 associates with the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD), the serine/threonine kinase receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and the long isoform of FLICE-inhibitory protein FLIP. Overexpression of FADD accelerates the differentiation process that does not involve any death receptor. Active caspase-8 cleaves RIP1, which prevents sustained NF-kappaB activation, and activates downstream caspases. Together these data identify a role for caspase-8 in monocytes undergoing macrophagic differentiation, that is, the enzyme activated in an atypical complex down-regulates NF-kappaB activity through RIP1 cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rébé
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Séverine Cathelin
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Sophie Launay
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Rodolphe Filomenko
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
- EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Ecole Pratique des Hautes EtudesFaculty of Medicine, 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Laurent Prévotat
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
- EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Ecole Pratique des Hautes EtudesFaculty of Medicine, 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Coralie L'Ollivier
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
- CHU DijonBP1542, 21034 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Emmanuel Gyan
- Institut Cochin
CNRS : UMR8104INSERM : U567Université Paris Descartes - Paris VDirection,services Communs,plateformes
Bâtiment MECHAIN
22 rue Méchain
75014 PARIS,FR
- Service d'hématologie
AP-HPHôpital CochinUniversité Paris Descartes - Paris V27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques,
75679 Paris,FR
| | - Olivier Micheau
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
| | - Steven Grant
- Department of Pharmacology and biochemistry
Virginia Commonwealth UniversityMedical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia,US
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Institut Cochin
CNRS : UMR8104INSERM : U567Université Paris Descartes - Paris VDirection,services Communs,plateformes
Bâtiment MECHAIN
22 rue Méchain
75014 PARIS,FR
| | - Michaëla Fontenay
- Institut Cochin
CNRS : UMR8104INSERM : U567Université Paris Descartes - Paris VDirection,services Communs,plateformes
Bâtiment MECHAIN
22 rue Méchain
75014 PARIS,FR
- Service d'hématologie
AP-HPHôpital CochinUniversité Paris Descartes - Paris V27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques,
75679 Paris,FR
| | - Eric Solary
- Mort cellulaire et cancer
INSERM : U517IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 DIJON CEDEX,FR
- Santé - STIC
INSERM : IFR100Université de BourgogneFaculte de Medecine
7, Boulevard Jeanne D'Arc
21079 Dijon cedex,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Eric Solary
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Silvie O, Greco C, Franetich JF, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Hannoun L, van Gemert GJ, Sauerwein RW, Levy S, Boucheix C, Rubinstein E, Mazier D. Expression of human CD81 differently affects host cell susceptibility to malaria sporozoites depending on the Plasmodium species. Cell Microbiol 2006; 8:1134-46. [PMID: 16819966 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium sporozoites can enter host cells by two distinct pathways, either through disruption of the plasma membrane followed by parasite transmigration through cells, or by formation of a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) where the parasite further differentiates into a replicative exo-erythrocytic form (EEF). We now provide evidence that following invasion without PV formation, transmigrating Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites can partially develop into EEFs inside hepatocarcinoma cell nuclei. We also found that rodent P. yoelii sporozoites can infect both mouse and human hepatocytes, while human P. falciparum sporozoites infect human but not mouse hepatocytes. We have previously reported that the host tetraspanin CD81 is required for PV formation by P. falciparum and P. yoelii sporozoites. Here we show that expression of human CD81 in CD81-knockout mouse hepatocytes is sufficient to confer susceptibility to P. yoelii but not P. falciparum sporozoite infection, showing that the narrow P. falciparum host tropism does not rely on CD81 only. Also, expression of CD81 in a human hepatocarcinoma cell line is sufficient to promote the formation of a PV by P. yoelii but not P. falciparum sporozoites. These results highlight critical differences between P. yoelii and P. falciparum sporozoite infection, and suggest that in addition to CD81, other molecules are specifically required for PV formation during infection by the human malaria parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Silvie
- Inserm, U511, F-75013 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France.
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37
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM As platelets are able to endocytose human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we have investigated the fate of lentiviruses when endocytosed by human platelets and megakaryocytes (MK), and have characterized a specific receptor directly involved in this function. METHODS Genetically modified (non-replicative) lentiviruses with an HIV envelope (HIV-e) or with a vesicular stomatitis virus protein G envelope (VSV-e) were alternatively used and their interaction with platelets and MK analyzed by electron microscopy (EM) and immunoEM. RESULTS When incubated with platelets, HIV-e and VSV-e lentiviruses were internalized in specific endocytic vesicles and trafficked to the surface connected canalicular system (SCCS). Double immunolabeling for the viral P24 core protein and alpha-granule markers showed that lentiviruses were degraded in the SCCS after contact with alpha-granule proteins. In culture MK, lentiviruses were found in endocytic vesicles and accumulated in acid phosphatase-containing multivesicular bodies (MVB). The expression of the pathogen receptor dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) was then demonstrated in platelets by flow cytometry, immunoEM and Western blot. Anti-DC-SIGN antibodies decreased HIV-e lentivirus internalization by platelets, showing that the receptor is functional. Specific signals for DC-SIGN protein and mRNA were also found in MK. CONCLUSION This study indicates that platelets and MK can internalize lentiviruses in a pathway, which either provide a shelter to lentiviral particles or alternatively disrupts viral integrity. The receptor DC-SIGN is involved in this function.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Base Sequence
- Blood Platelets/metabolism
- Blood Platelets/ultrastructure
- Blood Platelets/virology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/blood
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Endocytosis
- Gene Expression
- Genes, env
- Genetic Vectors
- HIV-1/genetics
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Lectins, C-Type/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lentivirus/genetics
- Lentivirus/pathogenicity
- Megakaryocytes/metabolism
- Megakaryocytes/ultrastructure
- Megakaryocytes/virology
- Microscopy, Electron
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Virus/blood
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boukour
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, Paris and Faculté de médecine, Paris-Ile de France-Ouest, France
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Kieusseian A, Chagraoui J, Kerdudo C, Mangeot PE, Gage PJ, Navarro N, Izac B, Uzan G, Forget BG, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Expression of Pitx2 in stromal cells is required for normal hematopoiesis. Blood 2006; 107:492-500. [PMID: 16195330 PMCID: PMC1895608 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2005] [Accepted: 07/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the expression of Pitx2, a bicoid family homeodomain transcription factor, is highly regulated during hematopoiesis, its function during this process was not documented; we thus studied hematopoiesis in Pitx2-null mice. We found that Pitx2(-/-) embryos display hypoplastic livers with reduced numbers of hematopoietic cells, but these cells had normal hematopoietic potential, as evidenced by colony-forming assays, immature progenitor cell assays, and long-term repopulation assays. Because the microenvironment is also crucial to the development of normal hematopoiesis, we established Pitx2(-/-) and Pitx2(+/+) stromas from fetal liver and studied their hematopoietic supportive capacity. We showed that the frequency of cobblestone area-forming cells was 4-fold decreased when using Pitx2(-/-) stromal cells compared with Pitx2(+/+) stromal cells, whatever the Pitx2 genotype of hematopoietic cells tested in this assay. This defect was rescued by expression of Pitx2 into Pitx2(-/-) fetal liver stromal cells, demonstrating a major and direct role of Pitx2 in the hematopoietic supportive capacity of fetal liver stroma. Finally, we showed a reduced capacity of MS5 stromal cells expressing Pitx2 RNAi to support human hematopoiesis. Altogether these data showed that Pitx2 has major functions in the hematopoietic supportive capacity of fetal liver and adult bone marrow stromal cells.
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39
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Verhoeyen E, Wiznerowicz M, Olivier D, Izac B, Trono D, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Cosset FL. Novel lentiviral vectors displaying “early-acting cytokines” selectively promote survival and transduction of NOD/SCID repopulating human hematopoietic stem cells. Blood 2005; 106:3386-95. [PMID: 16076865 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-12-4736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA major limitation of current lentiviral vectors (LVs) is their inability to govern efficient gene transfer into quiescent cells, such as human CD34+ cells, that reside in the G0 phase of the cell cycle and that are highly enriched in hematopoietic stem cells. This hampers their application for gene therapy of hematopoietic cells. Here, we designed novel LVs that overcome this restriction by displaying “early-acting cytokines” on their surface. Display of thrombopoietin, stem cell factor, or both cytokines on the LV surface allowed efficient gene delivery into quiescent cord blood CD34+ cells. Moreover, these surface-engineered LVs preferentially transduced and promoted survival of resting CD34+ cells rather than cycling cells. Finally, and most importantly, these novel LVs allowed superior gene transfer in the most immature CD34+ cells as compared to conventional LVs, even when the latter vectors were used to transduce cells in the presence of recombinant cytokines. This was demonstrated by their capacity to promote selective transduction of CD34+ cell in in vitro derived long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) colonies and of long-term NOD/SCID repopulating cells (SRCs) in vivo.
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Reynaud D, Ravet E, Titeux M, Mazurier F, Rénia L, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Roméo PH, Pflumio F. SCL/TAL1 expression level regulates human hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and engraftment. Blood 2005; 106:2318-28. [PMID: 15961517 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is regulated through a combinatorial action of proteins that determine their self-renewal and/or their commitment to differentiation. Stem cell leukemia/T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (SCL/TAL1), a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, plays key roles in controlling the development of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis during mouse development but its function in adult HSCs is still a matter of debate. We report here that the lentiviral-mediated enforced expression of TAL1 in human CD34+ cells marginally affects in vitro the differentiation of committed progenitors, whereas in vivo the repopulation capacity of the long-term SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) mouse–repopulating cells (LT-SRCs) is enhanced. As a consequence, the production of SRC-derived multipotent progenitors as well as erythroid- and myeloid-differentiated cells is increased. Looking at the lymphoid compartment, constitutive TAL1-enforced expression impairs B- but not T-cell differentiation. Expression of a mutant TAL1 protein that cannot bind DNA specifically impairs human LT-SRC amplification, indicating a DNA-binding dependent effect of TAL1 on primitive cell populations. These results indicate that TAL1 expression level regulates immature human hematopoietic cell self-renewal and that this regulation requires TAL1 DNA-binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Reynaud
- Department of Hematology, Institut Cochin, U567 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8104, Paris, France
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41
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Claessens YE, Park S, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Mariot V, Garrido C, Chrétien S, Dreyfus F, Lacombe C, Mayeux P, Fontenay M. Rescue of early-stage myelodysplastic syndrome-deriving erythroid precursors by the ectopic expression of a dominant-negative form of FADD. Blood 2005; 105:4035-42. [PMID: 15677568 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are characterized by peripheral blood cytopenia including anemia. We have investigated the implication of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in MDS-ineffective erythropoiesis by in vitro expansion of erythroid precursors from early stage (low and intermediate-1 International Prognosis Scoring System [IPSS]) MDS, advanced stage (intermediate-2 IPSS) MDS, and control bone marrow samples. We have previously shown that Fas and its ligand were overexpressed in early stage MDS erythroid cells. Here, we show that caspase-8 activity is significantly increased, whereas the expression of death receptors other than Fas, including the type 1 receptor for tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the receptors for the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), DR4 and DR5, was normal. We also observed that the adapter Fas-associated death domain (FADD) was overexpressed in early stage MDS erythroid cells. Transduction of early stage MDS-derived CD34+ progenitors with a FADD-encoding construct increased apoptosis of erythroid cells and dramatically reduced erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E) growth. Transduction of a dominant-negative (dn) mutant of FADD inhibited caspase-8 activity and cell death and rescued BFU-E growth without abrogating erythroid differentiation. These results extend the observation that Fas-dependent activation of caspase-8 accounts for apoptosis of early stage MDS erythroid cells and demonstrate for the first time that FADD is a valuable target to correct ineffective erythropoiesis in these syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann-Erick Claessens
- Departement d'Hematologie, Institut Cochin, l'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U567, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixtes de Recherche 8104, Universite Rene-Descartes, Paris, France
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42
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Lopez S, Stuhl L, Fichelson S, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, St Arnaud R, Galindo JR, Murati A, Berda N, Dubreuil P, Gomez S. NACA is a positive regulator of human erythroid-cell differentiation. J Cell Sci 2005; 118:1595-605. [PMID: 15784678 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified the transcript encoding NACA (the α chain of the nascent-polypeptide-associated complex) as a cytokine-modulated specific transcript in the human TF-1 erythroleukemic cell line. This protein was already known to be a transcriptional co-activator that acts by potentiating AP-1 activity in osteoblasts, and is known to be involved in the targeting of nascent polypeptides. In this study, we investigate the role of NACA in human hematopoiesis.
Protein distribution analyses indicate that NACA is expressed in undifferentiated TF-1 cells and in human-cord-blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells. Its expression is maintained during in vitro erythroid differentiation but, in marked contrast, its expression is suppressed during their megakaryocytic or granulocytic differentiation. Ectopic expression of NACA in CD34+ cells under culture conditions that induce erythroid-lineage differentiation leads to a marked acceleration of erythroid-cell differentiation. Moreover, ectopic expression of NACA induces erythropoietin-independent differentiation of TF-1 cells, whereas downregulation of NACA by RNA interference abolishes the induction of hemoglobin production in these cells and diminishes glycophorin-A (GPA) expression by CD34+ progenitors cultured under erythroid differentiation conditions. Altogether, these results characterize NACA as a new factor involved in the positive regulation of human erythroid-cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lopez
- UMR599 INSERM, 27 Blvd Leï Roure, 13009 Marseille, France
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43
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Abstract
The storage mechanism of endogenous secretory proteins in megakaryocyte alpha-granules is poorly understood. We have elected to study the granule storage of platelet factor 4 (PF4), a well-known platelet alpha-granule protein. The reporter protein green fluorescent protein (GFP), PF4, or PF4 fused to GFP (PF4-GFP), were transfected in the well-characterized mouse pituitary AtT20 cell line, and in the megakaryocytic leukemic DAMI cell line. These proteins were also transduced using a lentiviral vector, in human CD34+ cells differentiated into megakaryocytes in vitro. Intracellular localization of expressed proteins, and colocalization studies were achieved by laser scanning confocal microscopy and immuno-electronmicroscopy. In preliminary experiments, GFP, a non-secretory protein (no signal peptide), localized in the cytoplasm, while PF4-GFP colocalized with adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-containing granules in AtT20 cells. In the megakaryocytic DAMI cell line and in human megakaryocytes differentiated in vitro, PF4-GFP localized in alpha-granules along with the alpha granular protein von Willebrand factor (VWF). The signal peptide of PF4 was not sufficient to specify alpha-granule storage of PF4, since when PF4 signal peptide was fused to GFP (SP4-GFP), GFP was not stored into granules in spite of its efficient translocation to the ER-Golgi constitutive secretory pathway. We conclude that the PF4 storage pathway in alpha-granules is not a default pathway, but rather a regular granule storage pathway probably requiring specific sorting mechanisms. In addition PF4-GFP appears as an appropriate probe with which to analyze alpha-granule biogenesis and its alterations in the congenital defect gray platelet syndrome.
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44
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Ravet E, Reynaud D, Titeux M, Izac B, Fichelson S, Roméo PH, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Pflumio F. Characterization of DNA-binding-dependent and -independent functions of SCL/TAL1 during human erythropoiesis. Blood 2004; 103:3326-35. [PMID: 14715640 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe transcription factor TAL1 has major functions during embryonic hematopoiesis and in adult erythropoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis. These functions rely on different TAL1 structural domains that are responsible for dimerization, transactivation, and DNA binding. Previous work, most often done in mice, has shown that some TAL1 functions do not require DNA binding. To study the role of TAL1 and the relevance of the TAL1 DNA-binding domain in human erythropoiesis, we developed an approach that allows an efficient enforced wild-type or mutant TAL1 protein expression in human hematopoietic CD34+ cells using a lentiviral vector. Differentiation capacities of the transduced cells were studied in a culture system that distinguishes early and late erythroid development. Results indicate that enforced TAL1 expression enhances long-term culture initiating cell (LTC-IC) potential and erythroid differentiation of human CD34+ cells as shown by increased βglobin and porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) gene expressions and erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-Es), erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-Es), and glycophorin A-positive (GPA+) cell productions. Enforced expression of a TAL1 protein deleted of its DNA-binding domain (named ΔbTAL1) mimicked most TAL1 effects except for the LTC-IC enhancement, the down-regulation of the CD34 surface marker, and the GPA+ cell production. These results provide the first functional indications of DNA-binding-dependent and -independent roles of TAL1 in human erythropoiesis. (Blood. 2004;103:3326-3335)
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ravet
- Department of Hematology, Institut Cochin, U567 INSERM, Paris, France
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45
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Asheuer M, Pflumio F, Benhamida S, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Fouquet F, Imai Y, Aubourg P, Cartier N. Human CD34+ cells differentiate into microglia and express recombinant therapeutic protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:3557-62. [PMID: 14990803 PMCID: PMC373501 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0306431101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In rodents, bone marrow-derived cells enter the brain during adult life. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is used to treat genetic CNS diseases, but the fate of human bone marrow and CD34(+) cells within the brain remains to be elucidated. The present study demonstrates that cells derived from human CD34(+) cells, isolated from either cord blood or peripheral blood, migrate into the brain after infusion into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. Both types of CD34(+)-derived cells differentiate into perivascular and ramified microglia. The lentiviral transfer of genes into CD34(+) cells before infusion does not modify the differentiation of human CD34(+) cells into microglia, allowing new transgenic proteins to be expressed in these cells. The transplantation of CD34(+) cells could thus be used for the treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Asheuer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U561, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, 75014 Paris, France
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46
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Amsellem S, Pflumio F, Bardinet D, Izac B, Charneau P, Romeo PH, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Fichelson S. Ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells by direct delivery of the HOXB4 homeoprotein. Nat Med 2003; 9:1423-7. [PMID: 14578882 DOI: 10.1038/nm953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2003] [Accepted: 09/29/2003] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a major challenge in cellular therapy, and currently relies on the use of recombinant cytokines or on gene transfer of transcription factors. Of these, the HOXB4 homeoprotein protein is of particular interests as it promotes the expansion of mouse HSCs without inducing the development of leukemia. To eliminate any deleterious effects that might be associated with stable HOXB4 gene transfer into human cells, we took advantage of the ability of HOX proteins to passively translocate through cell membranes. Here we show that when cultured on stromal cells genetically engineered to secrete HOXB4, human long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) and nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mouse repopulating cells (SRCs) were expanded by more than 20- and 2.5-fold, respectively, over their input numbers. This expansion was associated with enhanced stem cell repopulating capacity in vivo and maintenance of pluripotentiality. This method provides a basis for developing cell therapy strategies using expanded HSCs that are not genetically modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Amsellem
- Institut Cochin, Département d'Hématologie, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris 5, Maternité Port-Royal, 123, Bd de Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
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47
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Benhamida S, Pflumio F, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Zhao-Emonet JC, Cavazzana-Calvo M, Rocchiccioli F, Fichelson S, Aubourg P, Charneau P, Cartier N. Transduced CD34+ cells from adrenoleukodystrophy patients with HIV-derived vector mediate long-term engraftment of NOD/SCID mice. Mol Ther 2003; 7:317-24. [PMID: 12668127 DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(03)00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), an inherited demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, can be corrected by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, likely due to the turnover of brain macrophages that are bone marrow derived. ALD is characterized by an accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) due to the deficiency of an ATP binding cassette transporter that imports these fatty acids in peroxisomes. Murine retroviral transduction results in metabolic correction of ALD CD34(+) cells in vitro but reinfusion of these cells into ALD patients would not provide clinical benefit owing to the absence of selective advantage conferred by transgene expression. High-efficiency transduction of ALD CD34(+) peripheral blood mobilized cells was achieved using an HIV-based vector driving ALD gene expression under the elongation factor 1 alpha promoter and a protocol without prestimulation of CD34(+) cells with cytokines prior to transduction to preserve their stem cell properties. Efficient expression of the ALD gene was demonstrated in monocytes/macrophages derived from cultures of transduced ALD CD34(+) cells and in long-term culture initiating cells. VLCFA metabolism was corrected in transduced CD34(+), CFU-derived, and LTC-derived cells, indicating that the vector-encoded ALD protein was fully functional. Transplantation of transduced ALD CD34(+) cells into NOD/SCID mice resulted in long-term expression of ALD protein in monocytes/macrophages derived from engrafted stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Benhamida
- INSERM U561, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, 75014 Paris, France
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48
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Amsellem S, Ravet E, Fichelson S, Pflumio F, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Maximal lentivirus-mediated gene transfer and sustained transgene expression in human hematopoietic primitive cells and their progeny. Mol Ther 2002; 6:673-7. [PMID: 12436963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy using permanent modifications of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has increasing potential applications for both genetic and acquired diseases. Considerable progress has been made recently in gene transfer to HSC by the use of lentivirus-derived vectors, which have the capacity to transduce noncycling cells. However, overall efficiency of HSC transduction reported so far is still not sufficient for numerous applications. We describe here an improved HSC transduction protocol, using the previously described lentiviral vector, that leads to more than 90% transduction of human CD34+ cells from cord blood, including NOD-LtSz-scid/scid repopulating cells. Moreover, under the same conditions, we transduce more than 75% and 80% of CD34+ cells mobilized in peripheral blood and from bone marrow, respectively. We further show that transgene expression is stable through time and hematopoietic cell differentiation in vitro as well as in vivo. Such a high HSC transduction efficiency opens new opportunities for both gene therapy applications and functional studies of regulator proteins of hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Amsellem
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR 8104, Hematology Department, Maternité de Port-Royal, Paris, France
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49
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Ravet E, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Robin C, Titeux M, Coulombel L, Pflumio F. Successful transduction of human multipotent, lymphoid (T, B, NK) and myeloid, and transplantable CD34+CD38low cord blood cells using a murine oncoretroviral vector. J Hematother Stem Cell Res 2002; 11:327-36. [PMID: 11983104 DOI: 10.1089/152581602753658510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are subject to great interest because of their medical importance and their biological properties. Therefore, the possibility of genetically modifying human HSC is a major concern in several inherited pathologies. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate that a murine oncoretroviral vector can transduce multipotential cord blood (CB) stem cells. Sorted CB CD34(+)CD38(low) cells were transduced with a Moloney-based MFG retroviral vector containing the coding sequence of the murine CD2 (mCD2). CD34(+)mCD2(+) cells were sorted by flow cytometry and cultured either in bulk or at one cell per well in culture conditions that allow differentiation along lymphoid (T, B, and NK) and myeloid (M) lineages. Phenotypic analysis of cells generated in culture showed that CD34(+)mCD2(+) cells could give rise to all lymphoid and myeloid progeny, indicating that the MFG/mCD2 vector had transduced progenitors of all tested lineages. Moreover, clonal cultures of 660 CD34(+)mCD2(+) cells showed that approximately 5% of these cells were able to generate both myeloid and lymphoid (B + NK) progenies; for 25% of them, this included the production of lymphoid T cells. We also demonstrate that transduced CD34(+)CD38(low) CB cells with lymphoid and myeloid potentials were capable of engraftment into the bone marrow (BM) of nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mice during several months. These results show that MFG retroviral vectors can transduce multipotent (T, B, NK, M) human hematopoietic progenitors with in vivo repopulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ravet
- INSERM U474, Maternité Port Royal, 123 Bd de Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France
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50
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Sirven A, Ravet E, Charneau P, Zennou V, Coulombel L, Guétard D, Pflumio F, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Enhanced transgene expression in cord blood CD34(+)-derived hematopoietic cells, including developing T cells and NOD/SCID mouse repopulating cells, following transduction with modified trip lentiviral vectors. Mol Ther 2001; 3:438-48. [PMID: 11319904 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2001.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent development of lentivirus-derived vectors is an important breakthrough in gene transfer technology because these vectors allow transduction of nondividing cells such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), due to an active nuclear import of reverse-transcribed vector DNA. We recently demonstrated that addition of the central DNA flap of HIV-1 to an HIV-derived lentiviral vector strikingly increases transduction of CD34(+) cells. We now describe improvements of the transduction protocol designed to preserve HSC properties and two modifications of the previously described TRIP-CMV vector. First, deletion of the enhancer/promoter of the 3' LTR in the TRIP-CMV vector resulted in a safer vector (TRIPDeltaU3-CMV) with conserved transduction efficiency and increased EGFP transgene expression. Second, the original internal CMV promoter was replaced with the promoter for the ubiquitously expressed elongation factor 1alpha (EF1alpha). This promoter substitution resulted in a significantly more homogeneous expression of the EGFP transgene in all hematopoietic cell types, including CD34(+)-derived T lymphocytes, in which the CMV promoter was inactive, and NOD/SCID mouse repopulating cells. We thus present here an HIV-derived lentiviral vector, TRIPDeltaU3-EF1alpha, which can very efficiently transduce human cord blood HSC and results in high long-term transgene expression in CD34(+)-derived T, B, NK, and myeloid hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sirven
- INSERM U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 Rue C. Desmoulins, Villejuif Cedex, 94805, France
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