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Yasaka K, Sato C, Hirakawa H, Fujita N, Kurokawa M, Watanabe Y, Kubo T, Abe O. Impact of deep learning on radiologists and radiology residents in detecting breast cancer on CT: a cross-vendor test study. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e41-e47. [PMID: 37872026 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of deep learning on the diagnostic performance of radiologists and radiology residents in detecting breast cancers on computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, patients undergoing contrast-enhanced chest CT between January 2010 and December 2020 using equipment from two vendors were included. Patients with confirmed breast cancer were categorised as the training (n=201) and validation (n=26) group and the testing group (n=30) using processed CT images from either vendor. The trained deep-learning model was applied to test group patients with (30 females; mean age = 59.2 ± 15.8 years) and without (19 males, 21 females; mean age = 64 ± 15.9 years) breast cancer. Image-based diagnostic performance of the deep-learning model was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Two radiologists and three radiology residents were asked to detect malignant lesions by recording a four-point diagnostic confidence score before and after referring to the result from the deep-learning model, and their diagnostic performance was evaluated using jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic analysis by calculating the figure of merit (FOM). RESULTS The AUCs of the trained deep-learning model on the validation and test data were 0.976 and 0.967, respectively. After referencing with the result of the deep learning model, the FOMs of readers significantly improved (reader 1/2/3/4/5: from 0.933/0.962/0.883/0.944/0.867 to 0.958/0.968/0.917/0.947/0.900; p=0.038). CONCLUSION Deep learning can help radiologists and radiology residents detect breast cancer on CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yasaka
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - C Sato
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - N Fujita
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - M Kurokawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - T Kubo
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Kato M, Sasaki S, Mori W, Kohmaru M, Akimoto T, Hayakawa E, Soma S, Arai Y, Matsubara NS, Nakazawa S, Sueyasu T, Hirakawa H, Motomura H, Sumiyoshi I, Ochi Y, Watanabe J, Hoshi K, Kadoya K, Ihara H, Hou J, Togo S, Takahashi K. Nintedanib administration after the onset of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in the real world. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12528. [PMID: 37532874 PMCID: PMC10397323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39101-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nintedanib reduces the decline in forced vital capacity and extends the time to the first acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD). However, the effect of additional nintedanib administration after AE-ILD onset is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib administration after AE-ILD development. We retrospectively collected the data of 33 patients who developed AE-ILD between April 2014 and January 2022. Eleven patients who received nintedanib after AE-ILD development and the remaining who did not were classified into the N and No-N groups, respectively. The survival time in the N group tended to be longer than that in the No-N group. The generalized Wilcoxson test revealed that the cumulative mortality at 90 days from AE-ILD onset was significantly lower in the N group. The time to subsequent AE-ILD development was significantly longer in the N group than that in the No-N group. The incidence of adverse gastrointestinal effects and liver dysfunction in the N group was 9-18%. Treatment without nintedanib after AE-ILD development and the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen were significant independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis. Thus, nintedanib administration may be a treatment option for AE-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Sasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Wataru Mori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Makiko Kohmaru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Takashi Akimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Eri Hayakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Soichiro Soma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Yuta Arai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Naho Sakamoto Matsubara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Shun Nakazawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Takuto Sueyasu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Haruki Hirakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Motomura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Issei Sumiyoshi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ochi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Junko Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Hoshi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kadoya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Jia Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Togo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
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Heianna J, Makino W, Hirakawa H, Yamashita Y, Tomita H, Murayama S. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-arterial docetaxel and nedaplatin infusion concomitant with radiotherapy for T4 maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:1123-1130. [PMID: 34955352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel and nedaplatin for T4 maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MSSCC). Data were retrospectively analysed for 22 consecutive patients with T4 MSSCC who underwent intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy. Participants received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 Gy in 35 fractions) concomitantly with docetaxel (60 mg/m2) and nedaplatin (80 mg/m2) administered every 4 weeks for a total of three sessions. The median follow-up period was 49 months (range 12-91 months). T4a tumours were found in 16 patients (73%) and T4b tumours in six patients (27%). Cervical metastasis was found in nine patients (41%; five N2b, four N2c). The 5-year loco-regional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates for patients with T4a disease were 92.3%, 92.3%, and 90.3%, respectively, compared to 83.3% (P = 0.42), 66.7% (P = 0.07), and 83.3% (P = 0.46), respectively, for those with T4b disease. The 5-year loco-regional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates for patients with cervical lymph node metastasis were all 87.5% compared to 92.3% (P = 0.86), 84.6% (P = 0.69), and 92.3% (P = 0.93), respectively, for those without cervical metastasis. Intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel and nedaplatin may provide favourable loco-regional control and increased survival in T4 MSSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Heianna
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - W Makino
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Y Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Tomita
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Radiology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Miyamae, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - S Murayama
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
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Hirakawa H, Taguchi K, Murakawa S, Asano M, Noguchi S, Kikkawa S, Harada K, Adachi N, Ueyama T, Hide I, Tanaka S, Sakai N. Effects of flurbiprofen on the functional regulation of serotonin transporter and its misfolded mutant. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 148:187-195. [PMID: 34924125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, reportedly exhibits chemical chaperone activity. Herein, we investigated the role of flurbiprofen in regulating serotonin transporter (SERT) function via membrane trafficking. We used COS-7 cells transiently expressing wild-type (WT) SERT or a C-terminus-deleted mutant of SERT (SERTΔCT), a misfolded protein. Flurbiprofen treatment reduced the expression of immaturely glycosylated SERT and enhanced the expression of maturely glycosylated SERT. In addition, we observed increased serotonin uptake in SERT-expressing cells. These results suggest that flurbiprofen modulates SERT function by promoting membrane trafficking. In SERTΔCT-expressing cells, flurbiprofen reduced the protein expression and uptake activity of SERTΔCT. Furthermore, flurbiprofen inhibited the formation of SERTΔCT aggregates. Studies using flurbiprofen enantiomers suggested that these effects of flurbiprofen on SERT were not mediated via cyclooxygenase inhibition. The levels of GRP78/BiP, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker, were assessed to elucidate whether flurbiprofen can ameliorate SERTΔCT-induced ER stress. Interestingly, flurbiprofen induced GRP78/BiP expression only under ER stress conditions and not under steady-state conditions. In HRD1 E3 ubiquitin ligase knockdown cells, flurbiprofen affected the ER-associated degradation system. Collectively, the findings suggest that flurbiprofen may function as an inducer of molecular chaperones, in addition to functioning as a chemical chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Hirakawa
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kei Taguchi
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Seiya Murakawa
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masaya Asano
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Soma Noguchi
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kikkawa
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kana Harada
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Naoko Adachi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ueyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Izumi Hide
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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5
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Hirakawa H, Tashiro H, Takahashi K, Tanaka M, Sadamatsu H, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. Mesalazine-induced airway obstruction: Utility of pulmonary function testing in drug-induced lung diseases. Respir Investig 2019; 57:611-614. [PMID: 31601486 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesalazine is a standard therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. A rare case of mesalazine-induced airway obstruction documented by pulmonary function testing is reported herein. The patient had Crohn's disease and was treated with mesalazine; she subsequently developed a high fever, cough, and chest pain with centrilobular nodular shadows on chest computed tomography (CT). After cessation of mesalazine, the abnormal CT findings as well as the decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second improved. Based on these findings, pulmonary function testing appears to be a useful tool, even in the acute phase, along with chest CT in drug-induced lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tashiro
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Masahide Tanaka
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hironori Sadamatsu
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga Prefecture, 849-8501, Japan
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Sadamatsu H, Kurihara Y, Takahashi K, Komiya K, Ogusu S, Hirakawa H, Tashiro H, Nakashima C, Nakamura T, Sueoka-Aragane N. Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis Complicated with Small Cell Lung Cancer at the Time of Recurrence. Case Rep Oncol 2019; 12:466-472. [PMID: 31320869 PMCID: PMC6616071 DOI: 10.1159/000501305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a rare neurologic disorder that can complicate various malignancies, including lung cancer. PLE is most frequently found the initial presentation of lung cancer. In this study, we reported the case of a 74-year-old Japanese woman who developed PLE after partial remission of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by first-line systemic chemotherapy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed no metastatic tumor or cerebrovascular disease. Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and anti-amphiphysin antibodies were detected in her serum. She was diagnosed as having PLE related to the recurrence of SCLC and received high-dose glucocorticoid, and sequentially systemic chemotherapy with amrubicin. Unfortunately, these treatments did not improve her disease progression and she died 4 months later. Although PLE rarely occurs at the time of SCLC recurrence, physicians should pay attention to PLE onset even after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Sadamatsu
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurihara
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Komiya
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ogusu
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tashiro
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Chiho Nakashima
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Ogusu S, Takahashi K, Hirakawa H, Tanaka M, Komiya K, Nakamura T, Egashira R, Kai K, Takeda Y, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. Primary Pulmonary Colloid Adenocarcinoma: How Can We Obtain a Precise Diagnosis? Intern Med 2018; 57:3637-3641. [PMID: 30101926 PMCID: PMC6355410 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1153-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 76-year-old asymptomatic man was found to have a mass in the right lower lung field. Although the presence of a mucinous component in the majority of the tumor was shown by magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of cancer cells was suspected by contrast enhancement on computed tomography (CT) and based on the partial accumulation in the marginal regions of the tumor on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). A transbronchial lung biopsy was non-diagnostic, but resection of the mass resulted in a diagnosis of colloid adenocarcinoma. The findings from combined contrast CT and FDG-PET may raise the suspicion of colloid adenocarcinoma and prompt the consideration of surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Ogusu
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Masahide Tanaka
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Komiya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Ryoko Egashira
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Keita Kai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Yuji Takeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
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8
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Hirakawa H, Komiya K, Nakashima C, Ogusu S, Nakamura T, Tanaka M, Takahashi K, Egashira Y, Kai K, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. A case of osimertinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma responded effectively to alternating therapy. Ann Transl Med 2018; 6:464. [PMID: 30603652 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.11.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of initial lung adenocarcinoma in which transformation to small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was observed after acquired resistance to the 3rd generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) osimertinib and alternating treatment between chemotherapy and osimertinib was effective. A 61-year-old woman with EGFR mutation positive stage IV lung adenocarcinoma was administered 1st generation EGFR-TKI for 8 months as the first line therapy, then chemotherapy and 2nd generation EGFR-TKI after progressive disease (PD). Four years after initial diagnosis, EGFR T790M was detected in a metastatic lesion of the right thoracic wall and osimertinib was prescribed. Although partial response (PR) was achieved, a new metastatic lesion appeared in the right pleurum near the diaphragm, in which SCLC characteristics were observed with elevation of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (pro-GRP) at the time of PD under osimertinib. Osimertinib was discontinued and carboplatin plus irinotecan chemotherapy was chosen as the next treatment, leading to PR after 2 cycles. Subsequently, the right thoracic wall tumor harboring T790M and the right pleural tumor near the diaphragm showing transformation to SCLC exhibited opposite responses to therapy alternating between osimertinib and chemotherapy. It is concluded that extended disease control can be achieved by combining appropriate treatments according to the mechanisms of resistance inferred from precise genetic and pathological examination in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Komiya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Chiho Nakashima
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinske Ogusu
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masahide Tanaka
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Egashira
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Keita Kai
- Department of Pathology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Tanaka M, Takahashi K, Kurihara Y, Yamamoto-Rikitake M, Ogusu S, Hirakawa H, Sadamatsu H, Komiya K, Nakamura T, Sueoka-Aragane N. Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Complicated with Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Krukenberg Tumor. Case Rep Oncol 2018; 11:412-417. [PMID: 30057535 PMCID: PMC6062666 DOI: 10.1159/000490528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare disease that shows hypoxia with severe pulmonary hypertension related to malignant tumor. Diagnosis is difficult due to rapid clinical progression and the need to demonstrate pathological findings from lung biopsy. A 64-year-old woman visited our hospital with hypoxia and pulmonary hypertension. Diffuse granular shadows in the centrilobular area and ground-glass shadows in both lungs and left ovarian tumor were found on radiological imaging. PTTM was suspected, but pulmonary artery blood aspiration by right cardiac catheter failed to detect cancer cells. We could not obtain lung or ovary biopsies because of hypoxia or pulmonary hypertension. The patient died due to respiratory failure. Signet ring cell carcinoma of unknown primary, PTTM, and Krukenberg tumor were diagnosed on autopsy. Since early diagnosis facilitates adequate treatment, physicians should not miss the opportunity for biopsy in cases of suspected PTTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Tanaka
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurihara
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Shinsuke Ogusu
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hironori Sadamatsu
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Komiya
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Haematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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10
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Komiya K, Nakashima C, Nakamura T, Hirakawa H, Abe T, Ogusu S, Takahashi K, Takeda Y, Egashira Y, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. Current Status and Problems of T790M Detection, a Molecular Biomarker of Acquired Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, with Liquid Biopsy and Re-biopsy. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:3559-3566. [PMID: 29848710 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The purpose of this study was to consider appropriate application of liquid and re-biopsy through analysis of current status in practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 22 patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer who exhibited 1st/2nd generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance. The cobas® method was used to detect T790M with re-biopsy and the mutation-biased PCR and quenched probe method was used with liquid biopsy. RESULTS T790M detection rate was 52% with re-biopsy and 58% with liquid biopsy. The concordance between tissue and plasma was 58%. One patient who was T790M-positive with liquid biopsy showed heterogeneity among metastatic lesions in terms of osimertinib efficacy, as revealed by T790M detection with re-biopsy. CONCLUSION Liquid biopsy reflects the whole body, whereas re-biopsy is useful for spatial diagnosis. Considering these characteristics, a combination of liquid and re-biopsy contribute to enhanced treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Komiya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Chiho Nakashima
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomonori Abe
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ogusu
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuji Takeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Egashira
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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11
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Komiya K, Nakamura T, Hayase M, Hirakawa H, Ogusu S, Abe T, Nakashima C, Takahashi K, Takeda Y, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. P2.03-011 Correlation and Problems of Re-Biopsy and Liquid Biopsy for Detecting T790M Mutation. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Hirakawa H, Nakashima C, Nakamura T, Masuda M, Funakoshi T, Nakagawa S, Horimatsu T, Matsubara K, Muto M, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. Chemotherapy for primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor in a patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2017; 11:43. [PMID: 28202048 PMCID: PMC5312436 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The safety and efficacy of chemotherapy for patients undergoing concomitant hemodialysis have not been fully established and optimal doses of anti-cancer drugs and best timing of hemodialysis remains unclear. Although chemosensitive cancers, such as germ cell tumors, treated with chemotherapy should have sufficient dose intensity maintained to achieve the desired effect, many patients with cancer undergoing hemodialysis might be under-treated because the pharmacokinetics of anti-cancer drugs in such patients remains unknown. Case presentation We describe a 31-year-old Japanese man with a mediastinal yolk sac tumor treated with surgery followed by five cycles of chemotherapy containing cisplatin and etoposide while concomitantly undergoing hemodialysis. The doses of these agents used in the first cycle were 50% of the standard dose of cisplatin (10 mg/m2) and 60% of the standard dose of etoposide (60 mg/m2) on days 1 through to 5; the doses were subsequently escalated to 75% with both agents. Hemodialysis was started 1 hour after infusions of these agents. Severe hematological toxicities were observed despite successful treatment. During treatment with concurrent hemodialysis, pharmacokinetic analysis of cisplatin was performed and its relationship with adverse effects was assessed. Compared with patients with normal renal function, the maximum drug concentration was higher, and concentration increased in the interval between hemodialysis and the subsequent cisplatin infusion, resulting in a higher area under the curve despite a reduction in the dose to 75% of the standard regimen. Conclusions Because of the altered pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics status of patients with renal dysfunction undergoing hemodialysis, pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics analysis is deemed to be helpful for effective and safe management of chemotherapy in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Hirakawa
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naoko Sueoka-Aragane, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Chiho Nakashima
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naoko Sueoka-Aragane, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naoko Sueoka-Aragane, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Masanori Masuda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Taro Funakoshi
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Horimatsu
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naoko Sueoka-Aragane, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naoko Sueoka-Aragane, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
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13
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Otsubo R, Hirakawa H, Oikawa M, Inamasu E, Baba M, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Kinoshita N, Abe K, Fukuoka J, Nagayasu T. Abstract P2-01-31: Validation of novel diagnostic kits using the semi-dry dot-blot method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer; distinguishing macrometastases and micrometastases. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p2-01-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The semi-dry dot-blot (SDB) method is a diagnostic procedure for detecting lymph node (LN) metastases. Metastases are confirmed by the presence of cytokeratin (CK) in lavage fluid of sectioned LNs that contain anti-pancytokeratin antibody, based on the theory that epithelial components such as CK are not found in normal LNs. We evaluated two novel SDB kits that use the newly developed anti-CK19 antibody for diagnosing LN metastases in breast cancer.
Methods: We obtained 159 LNs dissected from 93 breast cancer patients from July 2013 to December 2015 at Nagasaki University Hospital, including 38 dissected axillary LNs and 121 sentinel LNs, sliced at 2-mm intervals and washed with phosphate-buffered saline. The suspended cells in the lavage fluid of sliced LNs were centrifuged and lysed to extract protein. This extracted protein was used with a low-power and a high-power kit to diagnose LN metastasis. The washed LNs were blindly diagnosed by pathologists using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Diagnoses based on the kit were compared with their H&E counterparts.
Results: Of the 159 LNs, 68 were assessed as positive and 91 as negative by permanent pathological examination with H&E. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the low-power kit for detecting LN metastases was 83.8%, 100%, and 93.1%, respectively. In 11 false-negative cases, there were nine micrometastases, producing a sensitivity of 96.4% for detecting macrometastases. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the high-power kit for detecting LN metastases was 92.6%, 92.3%, and 92.5%, respectively. Combining the low- and high-power kit results, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for distinguishing macrometastases from micrometastases was 94.5%, 95.2%, and 95.0%, respectively. Diagnosis was achieved in approximately 20 min using the kits, at a cost of less than 25 USD.
Conclusions: The kits in our study were accurate, quick, and cost-effective in diagnosing LN metastases without the loss of LN tissue. The kits' ability to distinguish macrometastases from micrometastases was excellent, which is important, clinically.
Citation Format: Otsubo R, Hirakawa H, Oikawa M, Inamasu E, Baba M, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Kinoshita N, Abe K, Fukuoka J, Nagayasu T. Validation of novel diagnostic kits using the semi-dry dot-blot method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer; distinguishing macrometastases and micrometastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-31.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otsubo
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Oikawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - E Inamasu
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Baba
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Yano
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Kinoshita
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Abe
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - J Fukuoka
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Nagayasu
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nyuuwakai Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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14
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Otsubo R, Hirakawa H, Oikawa M, Tanaka A, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Kinoshita N, Abe K, Fukuoka J, Nagayasu T. Validation of novel diagnostic kits using the semi-dry dot-blot method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer; distinguishing macrometastases and micrometastases. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw380.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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15
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Kohno K, Terao T, Hatano K, Kodama K, Makino M, Mizokami Y, Kamei K, Sakai A, Shirahama M, Hirakawa H, Kashino G, Matsumoto S, Mori H, Ohashi K, Yano T. Postcomparison of [(18) F]-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the brain after short-term bright light exposure and no intervention. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:65-72. [PMID: 27028708 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bright light therapy is widely used as the treatment of choice for seasonal affective disorder. Nonetheless, our understanding of the mechanisms of bright light is limited and it is important to investigate the mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to examine the hypothesis that bright light exposure may increase [(18) F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in olfactory bulb and/or hippocampus which may be associated neurogenesis in the human brain. METHOD A randomized controlled trial comparing 5-day bright light exposure + environmental light (bright light exposure group) with environmental light alone (no intervention group) was performed for 55 participants in a university hospital. The uptake of [(18) F]FDG in olfactory bulb and hippocampus using FDG positron emission tomography was compared between two groups. RESULTS There was a significant increase of uptake in both right and left olfactory bulb for bright light exposure group vs. no intervention group. After adjustment of log-transformed illuminance, there remained a significant increase of uptake in the right olfactory bulb. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest a possibility that 5-day bright light exposure may increase [(18) F]FDG in the right olfactory bulb of the human brain, suggesting a possibility of neurogenesis. Further studies are warranted to directly confirm this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kohno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - T Terao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - K Hatano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - K Kodama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - M Makino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - Y Mizokami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - K Kamei
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - A Sakai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - M Shirahama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - G Kashino
- Advanced Molecular Imaging Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - S Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - H Mori
- Department of Radiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - K Ohashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
| | - T Yano
- Advanced Molecular Imaging Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan.,Engineering Department, Industrial Equipment Division, Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita Prefecture, Japan
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16
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Kamei K, Terao T, Katayama Y, Hatano K, Kodama K, Shirahama M, Sakai A, Hirakawa H, Mizokami Y, Shiotsuki I, Ishii N, Inoue Y. A Predictive Model of Plasma Lamotrigine Levels. Pharmacopsychiatry 2016; 49:182-185. [PMID: 27111132 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-105570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lamotrigine is one of several mood stabilizers and its effects for the treatment and prevention of depressive episodes, particularly in bipolar disorder, are generally accepted. Although the findings about a therapeutic window of lamotrigine are yet to be determined, it seems important to obtain information on individual pharmacokinetic peculiarities. This study was conducted to formulate the predictive model of plasma lamotrigine levels. Methods: Using the data of 47 patients whose lamotrigine levels, liver function, and renal function were measured, predictive models of lamotrigine levels were formulated by stepwise multiple regression analyses. The predictive power of the models was compared using another dataset of 25 patients. Results: Two models were created using stepwise multiple regression. The first model was: plasma lamotrigine level (μg/mL)=2.308+0.019×lamotrigine dose (mg/day). The second model was: plasma lamotrigine level (μg/mL)=0.08+0.024×lamotrigine dose (mg/day)+4.088×valproate combination (no=0, yes=1). The predictive power of the second model was better than that of the first model. Discussion: The present study proposes a prompt and relatively accurate equation to predict lamotrigine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamei
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - T Terao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Y Katayama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - K Hatano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - K Kodama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - M Shirahama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - A Sakai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Y Mizokami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - I Shiotsuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - N Ishii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- General Research Clinical Center, Oita University Hospital, Japan
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Otsubo R, Hirakawa H, Oikawa M, Shibata K, Tanaka A, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Nagayasu T. Abstract P3-01-18: Validation of a novel diagnostic kit using the semi-dry dot-blot method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-01-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The semi-dry dot-blot (SDB) method is a diagnostic procedure for detecting lymph node (LN) metastases. The metastases are visualized by the presence of cytokeratin (CK) with lavage fluid of sectioned LNs by anti-pancytokeratin antibody, based on the theory that epithelial components such as CK are not found in normal LNs. We previously reported 93.3% sensitivity, 96.9% specificity, and 96.6% accuracy for this method in detecting metastasis in sentinel LNs, compared with permanent pathological diagnosis in breast cancer. In this study, we evaluated a novel kit that applies the SDB method using the newly developed anti-CK19 antibody for diagnosing LN metastases in breast cancer.
Methods: We obtained 141 LNs dissected from 81 breast cancer patients from July 2013 to April 2015 at Nagasaki University Hospital and the Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, including 33 dissected axillary LNs and 108 sentinel LNs, which were sliced at 2-mm intervals and washed with phosphate-buffered saline. The suspended cells in the lavage fluid of sliced LNs were centrifuged to collect the cell pellet and lysed with lysis buffer to extract protein. This extracted protein was used with the kit to diagnose LN metastasis. The washed LNs were blindly diagnosed by pathologists using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Diagnoses based on the kit were compared with their H&E counterparts.
Results: Of the 141 LNs, 57 were assessed as positive and 84 as negative by permanent pathological examination with H&E. Use of the kit resulted in correct diagnoses in 46 of the 57 pathologically positive cases and all of pathologically negative cases. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the kit in detecting LN metastases were 80.7% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 75.6–80.7%), 100% (95% CI: 96.5–100%), and 92.2% (95% CI: 88.1–92.2%), respectively. In 11 false-negative cases, there were 9 micrometastases; therefore, sensitivity was 95.5% (95% CI: 90.1–95.5%) in cases of macrometastases. Diagnosis was achieved in approximately 20 min using the kit, reducing the diagnostic time by half compared with the original SDB method. The cost of this kit was within 8 USD, and we are currently developing an improved kit for the detection of smaller metastases.
Conclusions: The kit in our study is accurate, quick, and cost-effective in diagnosing LN metastases without the loss of LN tissue. Its sensitivity in detecting macrometastases is excellent, which is important in clinical practice.
Citation Format: Otsubo R, Hirakawa H, Oikawa M, Shibata K, Tanaka A, Matsumoto M, Yano H, Nagayasu T. Validation of a novel diagnostic kit using the semi-dry dot-blot method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otsubo
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Oikawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Shibata
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - A Tanaka
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Yano
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Nagayasu
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Chiba Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Oikawa Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
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Suzuki H, Beppu S, Hanai N, Hirakawa H, Hasegawa Y. Lymph node density predicts lung metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 54:213-8. [PMID: 26655796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The association between lymph node density and survival free of lung metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), has not been investigated so far to our knowledge. Lymph node density ≧ 0.07 has been reported by a multicentre international study to be a significant predictor of shorter survival in patients with oral SCC who have invaded nodes. We investigated whether a lymph node density of ≧ 0.07 correlates with shorter overall survival, survival free of distant metastases, and survival free of lung metastases, in patients with oral SCC and invaded lymph nodes. Thirty-five patients with histologically-confirmed invaded lymph nodes werestudied. Their density was calculated as the ratio of the number of invaded lymph nodes:total number of nodes. A density of ≧ 0.07 correlated significantly with shorter overall survival (p<0.02), survival free of distant metastases (p<0.01), and survival free of lung metastases (p<0.01) on log rank testing. On testing by Cox's proportional hazards model of multivariate survival analysis with adjustment for the pathological stage (pstage IV/pstage III), and invaded surgical margins or extracapsular spread, or both, we found that lymph node density ≧ 0.07 was associated with significantly shorter survival (p<0.02). We conclude that lymph node density predicts lung metastases in patients with oral SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suzuki
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - S Beppu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - N Hanai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - H Hirakawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Y Hasegawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
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Suzuki M, Harada Y, Hirakawa H, Hirakawa K, Omura R, Kishimoto A. Physiological polarity of the frog utricle. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 41:1-6. [PMID: 2850736 DOI: 10.1159/000416020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hiroshima University, School of Medicine, Japan
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Inagaki A, Nishimura Y, Otsuka H, Hirakawa H, Hatou K, Kubota Y, Watanabe Y, Miki K, Endoh Y. Outpatient Treatment of Adolescents with Antidepressants in Japan. Value Health 2014; 17:A770. [PMID: 27202836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Inagaki
- Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Otsuka
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hatou
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Miki
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Endoh
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Inagaki A, Nishimura Y, Otsuka H, Hirakawa H, Hatou K, Kubota Y, Watanabe Y, Miki K, Endoh Y. Outpatient Treatment of Adolescents in Japan with Drugs for Attention Deficit Disorders. Value Health 2014; 17:A455. [PMID: 27201264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Inagaki
- Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Otsuka
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hatou
- Japanese Association of Mental Health Services, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Miki
- Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Endoh
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Shinozaki T, Ebihara M, Iwase S, Yamaguchi T, Hirakawa H, Shimbashi W, Kamijo T, Okamoto M, Beppu T, Ohori J, Matsuura K, Suzuki M, Nishino H, Sato Y, Ariyoshi K, Matoba M. Symptom Prevalence and Functional Status Among Patients with Advanced Cancers of the Head and Neck. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu340.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ishibashi N, Tanaka K, Kamei H, Murakami H, Hirakawa H, Shirouzu K, Ogata Y. PP064-SUN RECOVERY ENHANCING PERIOPERATIVE PROGRAM COULD MORE EFFECTIVELY ACCELERATE EARLY ORAL NUTRITION AFTER COLONIC CANCER SURGERY AND REDUCE DAYS OF HOSPITALIZATION IN PATIENTS RECEIVING OPEN COLONIC SURGERY THAN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Takagi K, Ishida T, Miki Y, Hirakawa H, Kakugawa Y, Amano G, Ebata A, Mori N, Nakamura Y, Watanabe M, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Sasano H, Suzuki T. Intratumoral concentration of estrogens and clinicopathological changes in ductal carcinoma in situ following aromatase inhibitor letrozole treatment. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:100-8. [PMID: 23756858 PMCID: PMC3708565 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Estrogens have important roles in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. However, the significance of presurgical aromatase inhibitor treatment remains unclear. Therefore, we examined intratumoral concentration of estrogens and changes of clinicopathological factors in DCIS after letrozole treatment. Methods: Ten cases of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive DCIS were examined. They received oral letrozole before the surgery, and the tumour size was evaluated by ultrasonography. Surgical specimens and corresponding biopsy samples were used for immunohistochemistry. Snap-frozen specimens were also available in a subset of cases, and used for hormone assays and microarray analysis. Results: Intratumoral oestrogen levels were significantly lower in DCIS treated with letrozole compared with that in those without the therapy. A great majority of oestrogen-induced genes showed low expression levels in DCIS treated with letrozole by microarray analysis. Moreover, letrozole treatment reduced the greatest dimension of DCIS, and significantly decreased Ki-67 and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in DCIS tissues. Conclusion: These results suggest that estrogens are mainly produced by aromatase in DCIS tissues, and aromatase inhibitors potently inhibit oestrogen actions in postmenopausal ER-positive DCIS through rapid deprivation of intratumoral estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8575 Sendai, Japan
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Otsubo R, Oikawa M, Shibata K, Hirakawa H, Yano H, Matsumoto M, Hatachi T, Nakao K, Hayashi T, Abe K, Kinoshita N, Nakashima M, Taniguchi H, Omagari T, Itoyanagi N, Nagayasu T. Abstract P1-01-27: Novel diagnostic procedure of metastasis to the sentinel lymph node of breast cancer using a semi-dry dot-blot method. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p1-01-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a common surgical procedure. However, novel diagnostic modalities are required because of a shortage of pathology specialists in Japan and discordance between the intraoperative and final pathological diagnosis of SLN metastasis. Efficient methods that use molecular markers for detecting SLN metastasis, such as one-step nucleic acid amplification, are commercially available, but special equipment (e.g., thermal cycler) is costly and the problem of false-negatives for CK19 non-expressing cells remains unresolved. Recently, we developed an easy, quick and cost-effective method for detection of cancer cells in lymph nodes by applying dot-blot analysis technology, called the “semi-dry dot-blot method (SDB method)”. The SDB method visualizes the presence of cancer cells with washing of sectioned lymph nodes by anti-pancytokeratin antibody (AE1/AE3) and chromogen on a dot-blot membrane. This method can detect 0.01 mg/mL protein extracted from cancer tissue and 20 suspension cells (MCF-7) in approximately 20 minutes. The current study evaluated the efficacy of our SDB method in the diagnosis of SLN metastasis in breast cancer.
Methods: (I) One hundred eighty dissected lymph nodes from 29 cases, including breast, lung, gastric and colorectal cancer, were analyzed. Each lymph node was sliced at the maximum diameter and washed by phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and this lavage fluid (PBS) was used for diagnosis of LN metastasis by the SDB method, and washed lymph node was sent to pathological section for pathological diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the SDB method were determined to compare with the final pathology report.
(II) A multicenter prospective clinical trial was conducted, where 132 SLN samples from 78 cases of clinically node-negative breast cancer were analyzed. Each SLN was sliced at 2-mm intervals and washed by PBS. Lavage fluid of sliced SLNs was used for the diagnosis of SLN metastasis by the SDB method in a blinded manner. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the time required for the SDB method were determined and compared with the intra-operative pathology report.
Results: (I) Lymph node metastasis was detected in 35 lymph nodes (19.4%). Comparison of the results between the final pathology and the SDB method showed complete concordance (accuracy: 100%).
(II) Of the 132 lymph nodes eligible for analysis, 13 (10.0%) were assessed as positive and 114 as negative by the SDB method and intra-operative pathological examination, with an accuracy of 96.2%. All pathologically positive nodes, which included one micro metastasis, were also detected by the SDB method; (sensitivity: 100%). One hundred fourteen of the 119 pathologically negative nodes were assessed as negative with the SDB method (specificity: 95.8%). The mean required times of 16 cases for intra-operative pathological diagnosis and simultaneous SDB method were 43.5 and 42.2 minutes, respectively.
Conclusions: The SDB method is simple, fast, accurate and cost-effective for the intra-operative diagnosis of SLN metastasis. Because there is no loss of lymph node tissue, the SDB method and pathological investigation can be performed simultaneously.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-27.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otsubo
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Oikawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Shibata
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Hirakawa
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Yano
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Hatachi
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakao
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Hayashi
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Abe
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N Kinoshita
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - M Nakashima
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H Taniguchi
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Omagari
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N Itoyanagi
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - T Nagayasu
- Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; The Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan; Aiyuukai Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki, Japan; St. Francis Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
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Yamamoto M, Hirakawa H, Tanaka K. 856 poster PREDICTION OF DISPLACEMENT DURING RADIATION THERAPY (INTRAFRACTION MOTION) IN TREATMENT PLANNING FOR PATIENTS WITH HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASM. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)70978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hirakawa H, Ochi A, Kawahara Y, Kawamura S, Torikata T, Kuhara S. Catalytic Reaction Mechanism of Goose Egg-white Lysozyme by Molecular Modelling of Enzyme-Substrate Complex. J Biochem 2008; 144:753-61. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ikeda T, Hirakawa H, Kemuriyama T, Nishida Y, Kazama T. Effect of cervical sympathetic trunk transection on renal sympathetic nerve activity in rats. Physiol Res 2008; 58:77-82. [PMID: 18198983 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) with a local anesthetic increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity in the tibial nerve in humans. However, whether this sympathetic excitation in the tibial nerve is due to a sympathetic blockade in the neck itself, or due to infiltration of a local anesthetic to adjacent nerves including the vagus nerve remains unknown. To rule out one mechanism, we examined the effects of cervical sympathetic trunk transection on renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in anesthetized rats. Seven rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal urethane. RSNA together with arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded for 15 min before and 30 min after left cervical sympathetic trunk transection. The baroreceptor unloading RSNA obtained by decreasing arterial blood pressure with administration of sodium nitroprusside was also measured. Left cervical sympathetic trunk transection did not have any significant effects on RSNA, baroreceptor unloading RSNA, arterial blood pressure, and heart rate. These data suggest that there was no compensatory increase in RSNA when cervical sympathetic trunk was transected and that the increase in sympathetic nerve activity in the tibial nerve during SGB in humans may result from infiltration of a local anesthetic to adjacent nerves rather than a sympathetic blockade in the neck itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ikeda
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
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Kusakabe T, Hirakawa H, Oikawa S, Matsuda H, Kawakami T, Takenaka T, Hayashida Y. Morphological changes in the rat carotid body 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the termination of chronically hypocapnic hypoxia. Histol Histopathol 2005; 19:1133-40. [PMID: 15375756 DOI: 10.14670/hh-19.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Morphological changes in the rat carotid bodies 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the termination of chronically hypocapnic hypoxia (10% O2 for 8 weeks) were examined by means of morphometry and immunohistochemistry. The rat carotid bodies after 8 weeks of hypoxic exposure were enlarged several fold with vascular expansion. The carotid bodies 1 and 2 weeks after the termination of 8 weeks of hypoxic exposure were diminished in size, although their diameter remained larger than the normoxic controls. The expanded vasculature in chronically hypoxic carotid bodies returned to the normoxic control state. In the carotid bodies 1 week after the termination of chronic hypoxia, the density of NPY fibers was remarkably increased and that of VIP fibers was dramatically decreased in comparison with the density in chronically hypoxic carotid bodies. In the carotid bodies 2 and 4 weeks after the termination of hypoxia, the density of SP and CGRP fibers was gradually increased. In the carotid bodies 8 weeks after the termination of hypoxia, the appearance of the carotid body returned to a nearly normoxic state, and the density of SP, CGRP, VIP, and NPY fibers also recovered to that of normoxic controls. These results suggest that the morphological changes in the recovering carotid bodies start at a relatively early period after the termination of chronic hypoxia, and a part of these processes may be under the control of peptidergic innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kusakabe
- Laboratory for Anatomy and Physiology, Department of Sport and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tokyo.
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Saito S, Takagi T, Koutoku T, Saito ES, Hirakawa H, Tomonaga S, Tachibana T, Denbow DM, Furuse M. Differences in catecholamine metabolism and behaviour in neonatal broiler and layer chicks. Br Poult Sci 2004; 45:158-62. [PMID: 15222411 DOI: 10.1080/00071660410001715740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. To clarify the difference in behavioural activities and catecholamine metabolism between layer and broiler-type chicks two experiments were conducted. 2. In experiment 1, 1-d-old male layer and broiler chicks were placed in an open-field area and their responses were investigated for 10 min. The responses of the two strains were remarkably different, with broilers being less active than layers. Vocalisations rapidly decreased in broilers whereas those of layers remained elevated during the 10 min. 3. In experiment 2, 1-d-old chicks of both strains were killed and brain catecholamine concentrations were determined in three parts of the brain: telencephalon, optic lobe and brain stem. 4. In the whole brain, dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were significantly higher in broilers. However, the values for norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid (HVA) were similar between strains. The ratios of metabolite/precursor were also calculated: HVA/DOPAC was higher in layers, while NE/DA, E/NE and DOPAC/DA were not significantly different between strains. 5. These results suggest that behavioural activities differ greatly, while there are some differences in catecholamine metabolism between the two strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saito
- Laboratory of Advanced Animal and Marine Bioresources, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Numa F, Umayahara K, Ogata H, Nawata S, Sakaguchi Y, Emoto T, Kawasaki K, Hirakawa H, Sase M, Oga A, Kato H. De novo uterine sarcoma with good response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2003; 13:364-7. [PMID: 12801270 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2003.13185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the extremely rare case of a 28-year-old woman with advanced stage uterine sarcoma arising soon after a cesarean section. She underwent an abdominal cesarean section because of a breech presentation. At the time of the procedure, there were no abnormal findings such as leiomyoma of the uterus in the abdominal cavity. One year later, she was referred to our hospital because of a large abdominal tumor. Transabdominal power Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large hypervascular tumor in the abdominal cavity. Her serum levels, for the two tumor markers carbohydrate antigen CA125 and LDH, were elevated, at 219 U/ml (< 35 U/ml) and 862 IU/l (115 U/ml-217 U/ml), respectively. On the basis of a diagnosis of malignant tumor of gynecological origin, exploratory laparotomy was performed, and through biopsy, the tumor was found to be advanced undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. She exhibited a good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, epirubicin, and dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC) every 28 days, which was successfully followed by a hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Numa
- Departments of Reproductive, Pediatric and Infectious Science, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Abstract
In this study we examined the effects of 3.3% Garcinia cambogia extract on 10% sucrose loading in mice for 4 weeks. Treatment was found to have no effect on body weight, fat pad weight or serum glucose level. On the other hand, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, NEFA were observed. Levels of serum insulin and leptin, as well as the leptin/WAT ratio, were lower in the treated mice than in the control. These findings suggested that G. cambogia extract efficiently improved glucose metabolism and displayed leptin-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hayamizu
- Laboratory of Advanced Animal and Marine Bioresources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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Kusakabe T, Hirakawa H, Matsuda H, Kawakami T, Takenaka T, Hayashida Y. Peptidergic innervation in the rat carotid body after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of hypocapnic hypoxic exposure. Histol Histopathol 2003; 18:409-18. [PMID: 12647791 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The distribution and abundance of neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers were examined in the carotid bodies of rats exposed to hypocapnic hypoxia (10% O2 in N2) for 2, 4, and 8 weeks. The carotid bodies after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of hypoxic exposure were enlarged by 1.2-1.5 times in the short axis, and 1.3-1.7 times in the long axis in comparison with the normoxic control ones. The enlarged carotid bodies contained a number of expanded blood vessels. Mean density per unit area (10(4) microm2) of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactive fibers was transiently high in the carotid bodies after 4 weeks of hypoxic exposure, and decreased significantly to nearly or under 50% after 8 weeks of hypoxic exposure. Density of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) immunoreactive fibers increased significantly in all periods of hypoxic exposure observed, and was especially high in the carotid bodies after 4 weeks of hypoxic exposure. Density of neuropeptide Y immunoreactive fibers was unchanged in the carotid bodies during hypoxic exposure. These characteristic changes in the density of SP, CGRP, and VIP fibers in the carotid bodies after 4 weeks of hypoxic exposure suggest that the role of these neuropeptide-containing fibers may be different in the carotid bodies after each of three periods of hypoxic exposure, and that the peptidergic innervation after 8 weeks of hypoxic exposure may show an acclimatizing state.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kusakabe
- Laboratory for Anatomy and Physiology, Department of Sport and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hilton M, Chen J, Kakigi A, Hirakawa H, Mount RJ, Harrison RV. Middle ear instillation of gentamicin and streptomycin in chinchillas: electrophysiological appraisal of selective ototoxicity. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 2002; 27:529-35. [PMID: 12472526 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2273.2002.00614.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate selective vestibular ototoxicity of gentamicin and streptomycin in the chinchilla model. In total, 10 chinchillas underwent left middle ear instillation of one of three agents: gentamicin, streptomycin and saline. Electrophysiological data (otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), auditory brainstem evoked response (ABRs), and ice-water electronystagmography were recorded before and after instillation. Animals were sacrificed for temporal bone studies using scanning electron microscopy. Morphological changes in the cochlear and vestibular neuroepithelia were correlated with electrophysiological changes. Widespread ipsilateral cochlear and vestibular neuroepithelial injuries were observed and correlated with loss of OAEs, ABRs and ice-water caloric response. This study provides no evidence of selective vestibular ototoxicity of gentamicin or streptomycin. Morphological damage correlates with, but precedes loss of electrophysiological parameters. Chinchillas, like other small mammals, may not be an ideal model for the study of human ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hilton
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Canada.
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35
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Abstract
The electrical properties of chemoreceptor afferent nerve fibers and glomus cells and the behavior of cytosolic Ca(2+) in glomus cells are reviewed. While this has not been confirmed, spontaneously depolarizing potentials (SDPs) recorded in a chemoreceptor afferent terminal may be the postsynaptic expression of presynaptic events. Glomus cells, which are presynaptic elements, either depolarized or hyperpolarized in response to natural and chemical stimulation. After-hyperpolarization following an initial depolarization and after-depolarization following an initial hyperpolarization were often seen. When a glomus cell depolarizes, voltage noise increases despite a decrease in input resistance in both intact and denervated carotid bodies. The voltage noise may be "receptor noise" generated in the glomus cell itself. The electrical properties of glomus cells change in the denervated carotid body, which suggests that the chemoreceptor afferent nerve exerts some trophic effect(s) on glomus cells. Hypoxia either increases or decreases cytosolic Ca(2+), while ACh or NaCN induces either an increase or no change in cytosolic Ca(2+) in glomus cells. There are at least two possible explanations for voltage changes in glomus cells: a chemical stimulus first depolarizes the glomus cell and induces Ca(2+) influx to release chemical substances, or a chemical stimulus induces an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and then hyperpolarizes the glomus cell via potassium influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hayashida
- Department of Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahatanishi, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
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36
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Kusakabe T, Hirakawa H, Matsuda H, Yamamoto Y, Nagai T, Kawakami T, Takenaka T, Hayashida Y. Changes in the peptidergic innervation in the carotid body of rats chronically exposed to hypercapnic hypoxia: an effect of arterial CO2 tension. Histol Histopathol 2002; 17:21-9. [PMID: 11813872 DOI: 10.14670/hh-17.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The abundance of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-, substance P (SP)-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the carotid body was examined in chronically hypercapnic hypoxic rats (10% O2 and 6-7% CO2 for 3 months), and the distribution and abundance of these four peptidergic fibers were compared with those of previously reported hypocapnic- and isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies to evaluate the effect of arterial CO2 tension. The vasculature in the carotid body of chronically hypercapnic hypoxic rats was found to be enlarged in comparison with that of normoxic control rats, but the rate of vascular enlargement was smaller than that in the previously reported hypocapnic- and isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies. In the chronically hypercapnic hypoxic carotid body, the density per unit area of parenchymal NPY fibers was significantly increased, and that of VIP fibers was unchanged, although the density of NPY and VIP fibers in the previously reportetd chronically hypocapnic and isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies was opposite to that in hypercapnic hypoxia as observed in this study. The density of SP and CGRP fibers was decreased. These results along with previous reports suggest that different levels of arterial CO2 tension change the peptidergic innervation in the carotid body during chronically hypoxic exposure, and altered peptidergic innervation of the chronically hypercapnic hypoxic carotid body is one feature of hypoxic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kusakabe
- Department of Sport and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tama, Tokyo, Japan.
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37
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Abstract
Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) associated with persistent müllerian duct (PMD) is a rare genitourinary anomaly. The authors report a case with a review of the literature and stress the importance of careful physical examination and ultrasonography in making a correct preoperative diagnosis of TTE. One should be careful not to miss the tiny PMD structure at the operation. Transseptal orchidopexy is the surgical treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ueno
- Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Bohseidai, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan 259-1193
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Nawata S, Suminami Y, Hirakawa H, Murakami A, Umayahara K, Ogata H, Numa F, Nakamura K, Kato H. Electrophoretic characterization of heat-stable squamous cell carcinoma antigen. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:3522-6. [PMID: 11669536 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200109)22:16<3522::aid-elps3522>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the heat stability of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, a tumor-associated serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin), in tumor tissue extract by electrophoretic methods. After heat treatment at 70 degrees C for 2 h, the tumor tissue extract showed a single main protein band of 45 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) which reacted with a monoclonal antibody specific for SCC antigen. The heat-stable SCC antigen was separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) into four spots with pI 6.4-5.9 and Mr 44500-45 000 of SCC antigen-1. Furthermore, the SCC antigen-1 still showed its inhibitory activity against a cysteine proteinase, papain, by gelatin zymography. These results suggest that heat treatment of protein sample at 70 degrees C for 2 h may be a useful method for a partial purification of SCC antigen-1 which can inhibit lysosomal cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin L, S, and K.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nawata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
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39
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Takenaka S, Hirakawa H, Nakamura M, Nakagawa R, Iida T, Todaka T. [Follow-up survey of dioxins in the blood of Yusho patients (in 1998-1999)]. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 2001; 92:139-48. [PMID: 11452511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Follow-up survey of the blood concentration of PCDDs, PCDFs and non-ortho-chlorine substituted PCBs in Yusho patients is very important for their health control. We determined the blood concentration of these dioxin isomers in 119 blood samples collected in 1998 and 1999 using by a high-resolution gas chromatograph/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). Thirty years had passed since the Yusho occurrence, and the total blood concentrations of PCDFs in the blood of Yusho patients were still as high as ever, except the patients with the PCB pattern C. Among the different groups of PCB patterns, the concentration of 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF showed significant differences, excluding the group BC because of the small number of cases. The findings indicate that these isomers are not decomposed in human body since they had highly contaminated the causal rice oil at the onset. In typical Yusho patients (Group A of PCB pattern), the mean TEQ concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs and non-ortho-chlorine substituted PCBs in the blood collected in 1998 were 21, 206, and 14 pg-TEQ/g lipid, respectively, and in 1999, 30, 308 and 14 pg-TEQ/g lipid, respectively. The toxic contribution rate of PCDFs TEQ was still at high levels for total TEQ in both years. The patients of the group C, however, the mean blood levels of the dioxins TEQ in 1998 and 1999 did not differ from those of the normal controls determined in 1996 although some patients in this group showed a high toxic contribution rate of PCDFs TEQ for total TEQ. We will try the PCB isomer specific analysis of the Yusho patients blood, and will investigate the difference from normal controls blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takenaka
- Fukuoka Institute of Health & Environmental Sciences, 39 Mukaizano, Dazaifu, Fukuoka 818-0135
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Nagayama J, Nagayama M, Iida T, Hirakawa H, Matsueda T, Ohki M, Tsuji H. Comparison between "Yusho" patients and healthy Japanese in contamination level of dioxins and related chemicals and frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. Chemosphere 2001; 43:931-936. [PMID: 11372886 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Highly toxic organochlorine chemicals such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (CoPCBs) were determined in the peripheral blood and sebum from the face of 16 "Yusho" patients of about 27 yr after the outbreak of Yusho accident, and 39 healthy Japanese people. The mean total toxic equivalent (TEQ) levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and CoPCBs in the blood were still about seven times higher in Yusho patients than in healthy Japanese at the age of 45 yr and more. The sebum excretion of these chemicals seemed proportional to their blood levels in Yusho patients. These toxic chemicals, however, did not enhance frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in the control and 7,8-benzoflavone (ANF) treated cultures in Yusho patients. Hence, no significant difference was observed in the mean SCE rates between the Yusho patients and general Japanese people of more than 45 yr of age. In this study, the number of Yusho patients examined is limited, so further large-scale investigations are needed to get more conclusive results concerning the genotoxic potency such as SCE induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nagayama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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41
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Nagayama J, Nagayama M, Iida T, Hirakawa H, Matsueda T, Yanagawa T, Fukushige J. Effect of dioxins in mother's milk on sister chromatid exchange frequency in infant lymphocytes. Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 2001; 92:177-83. [PMID: 11452515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency which was an index to the synthetic and sharp genetic toxicity was examined using the infant lymphocyte cells around postnatal of 1 year. SCE frequency as the control culture which was treated with the solvent, DMSO, alone (SCEcontrol) was 8.2 +/- 0.9/cell and as cultured with 7,8-benzoflavone (ANF) (SCEANF) was 11.8 +/- 1.4/cell. In addition, the difference of SCEANF and SCEcontrol, namely, delta SCEs became 3.6 +/- 1.3/cell. The concentration of the dioxins in the mother's milk, which had taken by the infants, in the 2-4 month postpartum was 0.95 +/- 0.51 pg-TEQ/g in the male infants, and 0.97 +/- 0.48 pg-TEQ/g in the female ones. The sex difference could not be recognized in contamination levels of the dioxins in mother's milk. The SCE frequency of the infant lymphocytes was examined in order to evaluate the genetic toxicity of the dioxins which had contaminated mother's milk. As the result, either the SCE frequencies or delta SCEs did not show any significant correlation to the dioxins. Therefore, the dioxins were considered not to induce the genetic toxicity such as the SCEs at the present levels of pollution in Japanese mother's milk around postnatal of 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nagayama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582
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42
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Numa F, Umayahara K, Suehiro Y, Hirakawa H, Nawata S, Suminami Y, Oga A, Ito T, Sasaki K, Kato H. Serum anti-p53 antibodies in uterine and ovarian cancer: association with dna sequence copy number abnormalities. Tumour Biol 2001; 22:162-8. [PMID: 11275794 DOI: 10.1159/000050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the serum anti-p53 antibody in patients with uterine and ovarian cancer. Some of the ovarian patients were also evaluated for overexpression of p53 by immunohistochemistry and for cytogenetic alterations by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Serum anti-p53 antibodies were determined by an enzyme immunoassay kit. The antibody was detected in 8/30 (27%) of ovarian cancers, in 12/86 (14%) cancers of the uterine cervix, in 5/41 (12%) cancers of the uterine body, and 0/9 (0%) healthy women. The overall survival rate in patients with ovarian cancer was significantly worse in patients with anti-p53 antibody positivity than that in patients with anti-p53-antibody-negative cancers using the log rank test (p = 0.017). There was a significant correlation between the presence of anti-p53 antibody and tissue overexpression of p53 in ovarian cancers. CGH analysis showed that the aberrations in DNA sequence copy number in ovarian cancers were significantly increased in anti-p53-antibody-positive cases compared to antip53-antibody-negative cases including increased copy number on 20q and reduced copy number on 5q and 13q. Although the exact relationship between the presence of serum anti-p53 antibody (specific humoral response) and cytogenetic alterations is still unknown, these findings suggest that the measurement of serum anti-p53 antibody may be useful for the assessment of genetic instability and tumor biological aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Numa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Nagayama J, Nagayama M, Iida T, Hirakawa H, Matsueda T, Ohki M, Tsuji H. Effects of donor age and contamination level of dioxins and related chemicals on frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes cultured in vitro. Chemosphere 2001; 43:845-849. [PMID: 11372875 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) of human lymphocytes in control (DMSO treated) and 7,8-benzoflavone (ANF) treated cultures were measured in 39 healthy Japanese people and examined in connection with donor age. Both the control (baseline) and ANF induced SCE rates were significantly enhanced with age and highly positive correlation was observed between them. Therefore, in vivo aging seemed to have some effects on the frequencies of SCEs in human lymphocytes cultured in vitro. Concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs in the blood and sebum of face were determined in the same Japanese subjects. Significantly positive correlation was observed between the blood and sebum in their total TEQ levels. Hence, PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs, which have been contaminating human bodies, are considered proportionally excreted from the sebum of face or body. Their total TEQ concentrations were also meaningfully increased with donor age in the sebum of face as well as in the blood. Either the baseline or ANF induced SCE frequencies was not enhanced with the total TEQ levels in the blood. Therefore, background levels of their contamination seem not to affect the SCE rates of the lymphocytes in the control and ANF treated cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nagayama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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44
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Nagayama J, Tsuji H, Iida T, Hirakawa H, Matsueda T, Ohki M. Effects of contamination level of dioxins and related chemicals on thyroid hormone and immune response systems in patients with "Yusho". Chemosphere 2001; 43:1005-1010. [PMID: 11372817 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) on thyroid hormone and immune response systems were examined in 16 Yusho patients at about 30 years after the outbreak of the Yusho accident. Their toxic equivalent (TEQ) levels in the blood were 27.8-1048.5 pg/g fat with the median level of 222.4 pg/g fat, which was about seven times higher than that of healthy Japanese people. Even at such high blood TEQ concentrations, they seemed not to affect the serum levels of thyroid hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), immunoglobulins (A, G and M), autoantibodies (antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid and lupus erythematosus (LE) factors), and lymphocyte subsets in the blood. However, positive rates of rheumatoid factor were considered to increase in higher blood TEQ groups. This investigation was done using rather small number of Yusho patients, so further large-scale investigations are needed to get more conclusive findings concerning their effects on thyroid hormone and immune response systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nagayama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Kuroda M, Ohta T, Uchiyama I, Baba T, Yuzawa H, Kobayashi I, Cui L, Oguchi A, Aoki K, Nagai Y, Lian J, Ito T, Kanamori M, Matsumaru H, Maruyama A, Murakami H, Hosoyama A, Mizutani-Ui Y, Takahashi NK, Sawano T, Inoue R, Kaito C, Sekimizu K, Hirakawa H, Kuhara S, Goto S, Yabuzaki J, Kanehisa M, Yamashita A, Oshima K, Furuya K, Yoshino C, Shiba T, Hattori M, Ogasawara N, Hayashi H, Hiramatsu K. Whole genome sequencing of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet 2001; 357:1225-40. [PMID: 11418146 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1413] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. It produces numerous toxins including superantigens that cause unique disease entities such as toxic-shock syndrome and staphylococcal scarlet fever, and has acquired resistance to practically all antibiotics. Whole genome analysis is a necessary step towards future development of countermeasures against this organism. METHODS Whole genome sequences of two related S aureus strains (N315 and Mu50) were determined by shot-gun random sequencing. N315 is a meticillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) strain isolated in 1982, and Mu50 is an MRSA strain with vancomycin resistance isolated in 1997. The open reading frames were identified by use of GAMBLER and GLIMMER programs, and annotation of each was done with a BLAST homology search, motif analysis, and protein localisation prediction. FINDINGS The Staphylococcus genome was composed of a complex mixture of genes, many of which seem to have been acquired by lateral gene transfer. Most of the antibiotic resistance genes were carried either by plasmids or by mobile genetic elements including a unique resistance island. Three classes of new pathogenicity islands were identified in the genome: a toxic-shock-syndrome toxin island family, exotoxin islands, and enterotoxin islands. In the latter two pathogenicity islands, clusters of exotoxin and enterotoxin genes were found closely linked with other gene clusters encoding putative pathogenic factors. The analysis also identified 70 candidates for new virulence factors. INTERPRETATION The remarkable ability of S aureus to acquire useful genes from various organisms was revealed through the observation of genome complexity and evidence of lateral gene transfer. Repeated duplication of genes encoding superantigens explains why S aureus is capable of infecting humans of diverse genetic backgrounds, eliciting severe immune reactions. Investigation of many newly identified gene products, including the 70 putative virulence factors, will greatly improve our understanding of the biology of staphylococci and the processes of infectious diseases caused by S aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuroda
- Hiramatsu, Department of Bacteriology, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8421, Tokyo, Japan
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Ueno S, Suzuki Y, Murakami T, Yokoyama S, Hirakawa H, Tajima T, Makuuchi H. Quantitative analysis of infantile ureteropelvic junction obstruction by diuretic renography. Ann Nucl Med 2001; 15:131-6. [PMID: 11448071 DOI: 10.1007/bf02988603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Infantile hydronephrosis detected by ultrasonography poses a clinical dilemma on how to treat the condition. This article reports a retrospective study to evaluate infantile hydronephrosis due to suspected ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction by means of standardized diuretic renography and to speculate its usefulness for quantitative assessment and management of this condition. Between November 1992 and July 1999, 43 patients who had the disease detected in their fetal or infantile period were submitted to this study. Standardized diuretic renograms were obtained with 99mTc-labeled diethylene-triaminepenta-acetate (Tc-99m-DTPA) or 99mTc-labeled mercaptoacetyl triglycine (Tc-99m-MAG3) as radiopharmaceuticals. Drainage half-time clearance (T 1/2) of the activity at each region of interest set to encompass the entire kidney and the dilated pelvis was used as an index of quantitative analysis of UPJ obstruction. Initial T 1/2s of 32 kidneys with suspected UPJ obstruction were significantly longer than those of 37 without obstruction. T 1/2s of kidneys which had undergone pyeloplasty decreased promptly after surgery whereas those of units followed up without surgery decreased more sluggishly. These findings demonstrate that a standardized diuretic renographic analysis with T 1/2 can reliably assess infantile hydronephrosis with UPJ obstruction and be helpful in making a decision on surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ueno
- Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
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47
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Suminami Y, Nagashima S, Murakami A, Nawata S, Gondo T, Hirakawa H, Numa F, Silverman GA, Kato H. Suppression of a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-related serpin, SCC antigen, inhibits tumor growth with increased intratumor infiltration of natural killer cells. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1776-80. [PMID: 11280721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen (SCCA), a member of the ovalbumin serine proteinase inhibitor family, serves as a circulating marker of squamous cell carcinoma (SC). One of the SCCAs, SCCA1, has been suggested to play a role in the attenuation of apoptosis in vitro and in the augmentation of tumor growth in vivo. In the present study, the infection of a SCC cell line (SKG IIIa) with recombinant retrovirus that expressed the antisense SCCA mRNA suppressed expression of SCCA in vitro. Local administration of this retrovirus into tumors by inoculation in nude mice suppressed tumor growth. Treatment of tumor tissue in vivo is also associated with increased numbers of apoptotic tumor cells and large mononuclear cells in the tumor. To test the possible role of SCCA in the infiltration of large mononuclear cells, we analyzed the effect of SCCA1 on migration of natural killer (NK) cells induced by monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 in vitro. SCCA1 suppressed migration of NK cells completely, and this inhibitory effect was lost by mutation of the reactive site loop of SCCA1. These results suggest that antisense SCCA may suppress the growth of SCC in vivo not only by the augmentation of intracellular apoptosis but also by the increased infiltration of NK cells into the tumor.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3 Cells
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Division
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- Serpins/biosynthesis
- Serpins/genetics
- Transduction, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Suminami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
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48
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Abstract
Previous study has demonstrated that squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) 1 attenuates apoptosis induced by TNF alpha, NK cell or anticancer drug. In this study, we have examined the effect of SCCA2, which is highly homologous to SCCA1, but has different target specificity, against radiation-induced apoptosis, together with that of SCCA1. We demonstrated that cell death induced by radiation treatment was remarkably suppressed not only in SCCA1 cDNA-transfected cells, but also in SCCA2 cDNA-transfected cells. In these transfectants, caspase 3 activity and the expression of activated caspase 9 after radiation treatment were suppressed. Furthermore, the expression level of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was suppressed compared to that of the control cells. The expression level of upstream stimulator of p38 MAPK, phosphorylated MKK3/MKK6, was also suppressed in the radiation-treated cells. Thus, both SCCA1 and SCCA2 may contribute to survival of the squamous cells from radiation-induced apoptosis by regulating p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Murakami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube 755-8505, Japan
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49
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Nawata S, Suminami Y, Hirakawa H, Murakami A, Ogata H, Numa F, Fujimoto M, Tanaka T, Nakamura K, Kato H. Nondenaturing two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of loop-sheet polymerization of serpin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen-2. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:161-4. [PMID: 11197167 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200101)22:1<161::aid-elps161>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two homologous serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen-1 and -2 were separated by nondenaturing two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with immunostaining to acquire further information on these proteins under physiological conditions. Polymers of SCC antigen-2 were detected in cytosolic extracts prepared from tumor tissues. The polymer formation of SCC antigen-2 was apparently decreased and the SCC antigen-2-synthetic peptide binary complexes were newly formed by the addition of synthetic peptide with sequences corresponding to residues from P14 to P2 in the reactive center loop of SCC antigen-2. On the other hand, the incubation with synthetic peptides having the sequence of the reactive center loop of SCC antigen-1 or antithrombin had no effect on polymerization of SCC antigen-2. These data suggest that the polymerization of SCC antigen-2 may occur spontaneously in vivo by the loop-sheet mechanism of serpin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nawata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, 755-8505 Japan.
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Kusakabe T, Matsuda H, Hirakawa H, Hayashida Y, Ichikawa T, Kawakami T, Takenaka T. Calbindin D-28k immunoreactive nerve fibers in the carotid body of normoxic and chronically hypoxic rats. Histol Histopathol 2000; 15:1019-25. [PMID: 11005225 DOI: 10.14670/hh-15.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The distribution and ultrastructural characteristics of calbindin D-28k immunoreactive nerve fibers were examined in the carotid body of the normoxic control rats by light and electron microscopy, and the abundance of calbindin D-28k fibers in the carotid body was compared in normoxic and chronically hypoxic rats (10% O2 and 3.0-4.0% CO2 for 3 months). Calbindin D-28k immunoreactivity was recognized in nerve fibers within the carotid body. Calbindin D-28k immunoreactive nerve fibers appeared as thin processes with many varicosities. They were distributed around clusters of glomus cells, and around blood vessels. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that the calbindin D-28k immunoreactive nerve terminals are in close apposition with the glomus cells, and membrane specialization is visible in some terminals. Some dense-cored vesicles in the glomus cells were aggregated in this contact region. The chronically hypoxic carotid bodies were found to be enlarged several fold, and a relative abundance of calbindin D-28k fibers was lesser than in the normoxic carotid bodies. When expressed by the density of varicosities per unit area of the parenchyma, the density of calbindin D-28k fibers associated with the glomus cells in chronically hypoxic carotid bodies was decreased by 70%. These immunohistochemical findings indicate a morphological basis for involvement of calcium binding protein in the neural pathway that modulates carotid body chemoreception.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kusakabe
- Department of Sport and Medical Science, Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan.
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