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Bhosle A, Bae S, Zhang Y, Chun E, Avila-Pacheco J, Geistlinger L, Pishchany G, Glickman JN, Michaud M, Waldron L, Clish CB, Xavier RJ, Vlamakis H, Franzosa EA, Garrett WS, Huttenhower C. Integrated annotation prioritizes metabolites with bioactivity in inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:338-361. [PMID: 38467837 PMCID: PMC10987656 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial biochemistry is central to the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Improved knowledge of microbial metabolites and their immunomodulatory roles is thus necessary for diagnosis and management. Here, we systematically analyzed the chemical, ecological, and epidemiological properties of ~82k metabolic features in 546 Integrative Human Microbiome Project (iHMP/HMP2) metabolomes, using a newly developed methodology for bioactive compound prioritization from microbial communities. This suggested >1000 metabolic features as potentially bioactive in IBD and associated ~43% of prevalent, unannotated features with at least one well-characterized metabolite, thereby providing initial information for further characterization of a significant portion of the fecal metabolome. Prioritized features included known IBD-linked chemical families such as bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, and less-explored bilirubin, polyamine, and vitamin derivatives, and other microbial products. One of these, nicotinamide riboside, reduced colitis scores in DSS-treated mice. The method, MACARRoN, is generalizable with the potential to improve microbial community characterization and provide therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrisha Bhosle
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sena Bae
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yancong Zhang
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ludwig Geistlinger
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Computational Biomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gleb Pishchany
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Levi Waldron
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hera Vlamakis
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric A Franzosa
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Huang YH, Zhu C, Kondo Y, Anderson AC, Gandhi A, Russell A, Dougan SK, Petersen BS, Melum E, Pertel T, Clayton KL, Raab M, Chen Q, Beauchemin N, Yazaki PJ, Pyzik M, Ostrowski MA, Glickman JN, Rudd CE, Ploegh HL, Franke A, Petsko GA, Kuchroo VK, Blumberg RS. Author Correction: CEACAM1 regulates TIM-3-mediated tolerance and exhaustion. Nature 2024; 626:E19. [PMID: 38336833 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chen Zhu
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amit Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Russell
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, 02454, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Britt-Sabina Petersen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Espen Melum
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Thomas Pertel
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kiera L Clayton
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Monika Raab
- Department of Pathology, Cell Signalling Section, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Paul J Yazaki
- Beckman Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, 91010, California, USA
| | - Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mario A Ostrowski
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | | | - Christopher E Rudd
- Department of Pathology, Cell Signalling Section, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Gregory A Petsko
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, 02454, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA.
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3
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Lamothe S, Peric M, Glickman JN, Heher YK. Erroneous Patient Tissue Contaminants in 1574 Surgical Pathology Slides: Impact on Diagnostic Error and a Novel Framework for Floater Management. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2023; 147:1413-1421. [PMID: 36730470 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0265-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Tissue contaminants on histology slides represent a serious risk of diagnostic error. Despite their pervasive presence, published peer-reviewed criteria defining contaminants are lacking. The absence of a standardized diagnostic workup algorithm for contaminants contributes to variation in management, including investigation and reporting by pathologists. OBJECTIVE.— To study the frequency and type of tissue contaminants on microscopic slides using standardized criteria. Using these data, we propose a taxonomy and algorithm for pathologists on "floater" management, including identification, workup, and reporting, with an eye on patient safety. DESIGN.— A retrospective study arm of 1574 histologic glass slides as well as a prospective study arm of 50 slide contamination events was performed. Using these data we propose a structured classification taxonomy and guidelines for the workup and resolution of tissue contamination events. RESULTS.— In the retrospective arm of the study, we identified reasonably sized benign tissue contaminants on 52 of 1574 slides (3.3%). We found size to be an important parameter for evaluation, among other visual features including location on the slide, folding, ink, and tissue of origin. The prospective arm of the study suggested that overall, pathologists tend to use similar features when determining management of potentially actionable contaminants. We also report successfully used case-based ancillary testing strategies, including fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of chromosomes and DNA fingerprinting. CONCLUSIONS.— Tissue contamination events are underreported and represent a patient safety risk. Use of a reproducible classification taxonomy and a standardized algorithm for contaminant workup, management, and reporting may aid pathologists in understanding and reducing risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lamothe
- From the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Lamothe, Peric, Glickman)
| | - Masa Peric
- From the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Lamothe, Peric, Glickman)
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- From the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Lamothe, Peric, Glickman)
| | - Yael K Heher
- The Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Heher)
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4
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Duan J, Matute JD, Unger LW, Hanley T, Schnell A, Lin X, Krupka N, Griebel P, Lambden C, Sit B, Grootjans J, Pyzik M, Sommer F, Kaiser S, Falk-Paulsen M, Grasberger H, Kao JY, Fuhrer T, Li H, Paik D, Lee Y, Refetoff S, Glickman JN, Paton AW, Bry L, Paton JC, Sauer U, Macpherson AJ, Rosenstiel P, Kuchroo VK, Waldor MK, Huh JR, Kaser A, Blumberg RS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the intestinal epithelium initiates purine metabolite synthesis and promotes Th17 cell differentiation in the gut. Immunity 2023; 56:1115-1131.e9. [PMID: 36917985 PMCID: PMC10175221 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal IL-17-producing T helper (Th17) cells are dependent on adherent microbes in the gut for their development. However, how microbial adherence to intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) promotes Th17 cell differentiation remains enigmatic. Here, we found that Th17 cell-inducing gut bacteria generated an unfolded protein response (UPR) in IECs. Furthermore, subtilase cytotoxin expression or genetic removal of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) in IECs caused a UPR and increased Th17 cells, even in antibiotic-treated or germ-free conditions. Mechanistically, UPR activation in IECs enhanced their production of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and purine metabolites. Treating mice with N-acetyl-cysteine or allopurinol to reduce ROS production and xanthine, respectively, decreased Th17 cells that were associated with an elevated UPR. Th17-related genes also correlated with ER stress and the UPR in humans with inflammatory bowel disease. Overall, we identify a mechanism of intestinal Th17 cell differentiation that emerges from an IEC-associated UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Duan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan D Matute
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lukas W Unger
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK; Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 10090, Austria
| | - Thomas Hanley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Niklas Krupka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul Griebel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Conner Lambden
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Brandon Sit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sina Kaiser
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Falk-Paulsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Helmut Grasberger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John Y Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tobias Fuhrer
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Donggi Paik
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yunjin Lee
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samuel Refetoff
- Department of Medicine, Pediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Adrienne W Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Lynn Bry
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James C Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Uwe Sauer
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matthew K Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jun R Huh
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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5
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Lynch JP, González-Prieto C, Reeves AZ, Bae S, Powale U, Godbole NP, Tremblay JM, Schmidt FI, Ploegh HL, Kansra V, Glickman JN, Leong JM, Shoemaker CB, Garrett WS, Lesser CF. Engineered Escherichia coli for the in situ secretion of therapeutic nanobodies in the gut. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:634-649.e8. [PMID: 37003258 PMCID: PMC10101937 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Drug platforms that enable the directed delivery of therapeutics to sites of diseases to maximize efficacy and limit off-target effects are needed. Here, we report the development of PROT3EcT, a suite of commensal Escherichia coli engineered to secrete proteins directly into their surroundings. These bacteria consist of three modular components: a modified bacterial protein secretion system, the associated regulatable transcriptional activator, and a secreted therapeutic payload. PROT3EcT secrete functional single-domain antibodies, nanobodies (Nbs), and stably colonize and maintain an active secretion system within the intestines of mice. Furthermore, a single prophylactic dose of a variant of PROT3EcT that secretes a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-neutralizing Nb is sufficient to ablate pro-inflammatory TNF levels and prevent the development of injury and inflammation in a chemically induced model of colitis. This work lays the foundation for developing PROT3EcT as a platform for the treatment of gastrointestinal-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Lynch
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Coral González-Prieto
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Analise Z Reeves
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sena Bae
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Harvard T.H. Chan Center for the Microbiome in Public Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Urmila Powale
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Neha P Godbole
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Tremblay
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Florian I Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John M Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Tufts Stuart B Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Charles B Shoemaker
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Harvard T.H. Chan Center for the Microbiome in Public Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Cammie F Lesser
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Ragon Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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6
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Matute JD, Duan J, Flak MB, Griebel P, Tascon-Arcila JA, Doms S, Hanley T, Antanaviciute A, Gundrum J, Mark Welch JL, Sit B, Abtahi S, Fuhler GM, Grootjans J, Tran F, Stengel ST, White JR, Krupka N, Haller D, Clare S, Lawley TD, Kaser A, Simmons A, Glickman JN, Bry L, Rosenstiel P, Borisy G, Waldor MK, Baines JF, Turner JR, Blumberg RS. Intelectin-1 binds and alters the localization of the mucus barrier-modifying bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20211938. [PMID: 36413219 PMCID: PMC9683900 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelectin-1 (ITLN1) is a lectin secreted by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and upregulated in human ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated how ITLN1 production is regulated in IECs and the biological effects of ITLN1 at the host-microbiota interface using mouse models. Our data show that ITLN1 upregulation in IECs from UC patients is a consequence of activating the unfolded protein response. Analysis of microbes coated by ITLN1 in vivo revealed a restricted subset of microorganisms, including the mucolytic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. Mice overexpressing intestinal ITLN1 exhibited decreased inner colonic mucus layer thickness and closer apposition of A. muciniphila to the epithelial cell surface, similar to alterations reported in UC. The changes in the inner mucus layer were microbiota and A. muciniphila dependent and associated with enhanced sensitivity to chemically induced and T cell-mediated colitis. We conclude that by determining the localization of a select group of bacteria to the mucus layer, ITLN1 modifies this critical barrier. Together, these findings may explain the impact of ITLN1 dysregulation on UC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D. Matute
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jinzhi Duan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Magdalena B. Flak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul Griebel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jose A. Tascon-Arcila
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shauni Doms
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Hanley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Agne Antanaviciute
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Brandon Sit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Shabnam Abtahi
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gwenny M. Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism & Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephanie T. Stengel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Niklas Krupka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dirk Haller
- Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Simon Clare
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Arthur Kaser
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison Simmons
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lynn Bry
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Matthew K. Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA
| | - John F. Baines
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jerrold R. Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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7
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Dombek GE, Ore AS, Cheng J, Matsumoto Y, Glickman JN, Fleishman A, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Poylin VY, Fabrizio A, Cataldo T, Messaris E, Cummings RD. Immunohistochemical analysis of Tn antigen expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1281. [PMID: 36476111 PMCID: PMC9730631 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Tn antigen (CD175) is an O-glycan expressed in various types of human adenocarcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRC), though prior studies have relied heavily upon poorly characterized in-house generated antibodies and lectins. In this study, we explored Tn expression in CRC using ReBaGs6, a well-characterized recombinant murine antibody with high specificity for clustered Tn antigen. METHODS Using well-defined monoclonal antibodies, expression patterns of Tn and sialylated Tn (STn) antigens were characterized by immunostaining in CRC, in matched peritumoral [transitional margin (TM)] mucosa, and in normal colonic mucosa distant from the tumor, as well as in adenomas. Vicia villosa agglutinin lectin was used to detect terminal GalNAc expression. Histo-scoring (H scoring) of staining was carried out, and pairwise comparisons of staining levels between tissue types were performed using paired samples Wilcoxon rank sum tests, with statistical significance set at 0.05. RESULTS While minimal intracellular Tn staining was seen in normal mucosa, significantly higher expression was observed in both TM mucosa (p < 0.001) and adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001). This pattern was reflected to a lesser degree by STn expression in these tissue types. Interestingly, TM mucosa demonstrates a Tn expression level even higher than that of the adenocarcinoma itself (p = 0.019). Colorectal adenomas demonstrated greater Tn and STn expression relative to normal mucosa (p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In summary, CRC is characterized by alterations in Tn/STn antigen expression in neoplastic epithelium as well as peritumoral benign mucosa. Tn/STn antigens are seldom expressed in normal mucosa. This suggests that TM mucosa, in addition to CRC itself, represents a source of glycoproteins rich in Tn that may offer future biomarker targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle E Dombek
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ana Sofia Ore
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jane Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, E106, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aaron Fleishman
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Pilgrim Road, Deaconess 207, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11090, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Vitaliy Y Poylin
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern Medical Group, Feinberg School of Medicine, Arkes Family Pavilion, 676 North St Clair Street, Suite 650, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Anne Fabrizio
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Gryzmish 6, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thomas Cataldo
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Gryzmish 6, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Evangelos Messaris
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Gryzmish 6, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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8
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Ugai T, Liu L, Tabung FK, Hamada T, Langworthy BW, Akimoto N, Haruki K, Takashima Y, Okadome K, Kawamura H, Zhao M, Kahaki SMM, Glickman JN, Lennerz JK, Zhang X, Chan AT, Fuchs CS, Song M, Wang M, Yu K, Giannakis M, Nowak JA, Meyerhardt JA, Wu K, Ogino S, Giovannucci EL. Prognostic role of inflammatory diets in colorectal cancer overall and in strata of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte levels. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1114. [PMID: 36437503 PMCID: PMC9702366 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain dietary patterns can elicit systemic and intestinal inflammatory responses, which may influence adaptive anti-tumor immune responses and tumor behavior. We hypothesized that pro-inflammatory diets might be associated with higher colorectal cancer mortality and that the association might be stronger for tumors with lower immune responses. METHODS We calculated an empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score in 2829 patients among 3988 incident rectal and colon carcinoma cases in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, we examined the prognostic association of EDIP scores and whether it might be modified by histopathologic immune reaction (in 1192 patients with available data). RESULTS Higher EDIP scores after colorectal cancer diagnosis were associated with worse survival, with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest versus lowest tertile of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.77; Ptrend = 0.003) for 5-year colorectal cancer-specific mortality and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.19-1.74; Ptrend = 0.0004) for 5-year all-cause mortality. The association of post-diagnosis EDIP scores with 5-year colorectal cancer-specific mortality differed by degrees of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL; Pinteraction = .002) but not by three other lymphocytic reaction patterns. The multivariable-adjusted, 5-year colorectal cancer-specific mortality HRs for the highest versus lowest EDIP tertile were 1.59 (95% CI: 1.01-2.53) in TIL-absent/low cases and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.16-1.48) in TIL-intermediate/high cases. CONCLUSIONS Pro-inflammatory diets after colorectal cancer diagnosis were associated with increased mortality, particularly in patients with absent or low TIL.
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9
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Cao YG, Bae S, Villarreal J, Moy M, Chun E, Michaud M, Lang JK, Glickman JN, Lobel L, Garrett WS. Faecalibaculum rodentium remodels retinoic acid signaling to govern eosinophil-dependent intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1295-1310.e8. [PMID: 35985335 PMCID: PMC9481734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium plays critical roles in sensing and integrating dietary and microbial signals. How microbiota and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) interactions regulate host physiology in the proximal small intestine, particularly the duodenum, is unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of duodenal IECs under germ-free (GF) and different conventional microbiota compositions, we show that specific microbiota members alter epithelial homeostasis by increasing epithelial turnover rate, crypt proliferation, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) expression. Microbiome profiling identified Faecalibaculum rodentium as a key species involved in this regulation. F. rodentium decreases enterocyte expression of retinoic-acid-producing enzymes Adh1, Aldh1a1, and Rdh7, reducing retinoic acid signaling required to maintain certain intestinal eosinophil populations. Eosinophils suppress intraepithelial-lymphocyte-mediated production of interferon-γ that regulates epithelial cell function. Thus, we identify a retinoic acid-eosinophil-interferon-γ-dependent circuit by which the microbiota modulates duodenal epithelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Grace Cao
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sena Bae
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jannely Villarreal
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Madelyn Moy
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica K Lang
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lior Lobel
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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10
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El Sayed S, Patik I, Redhu NS, Glickman JN, Karagiannis K, El Naenaeey ESY, Elmowalid GA, Abd El Wahab AM, Snapper SB, Horwitz BH. CCR2 promotes monocyte recruitment and intestinal inflammation in mice lacking the interleukin-10 receptor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:452. [PMID: 35013585 PMCID: PMC8748948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of mononuclear phagocytes abundantly distributed throughout the intestinal compartments that adapt to microenvironmental specific cues. In adult mice, the majority of intestinal macrophages exhibit a mature phenotype and are derived from blood monocytes. In the steady-state, replenishment of these cells is reduced in the absence of the chemokine receptor CCR2. Within the intestine of mice with colitis, there is a marked increase in the accumulation of immature macrophages that demonstrate an inflammatory phenotype. Here, we asked whether CCR2 is necessary for the development of colitis in mice lacking the receptor for IL10. We compared the development of intestinal inflammation in mice lacking IL10RA or both IL10RA and CCR2. The absence of CCR2 interfered with the accumulation of immature macrophages in IL10R-deficient mice, including a novel population of rounded submucosal Iba1+ cells, and reduced the severity of colitis in these mice. In contrast, the absence of CCR2 did not reduce the augmented inflammatory gene expression observed in mature intestinal macrophages isolated from mice lacking IL10RA. These data suggest that both newly recruited CCR2-dependent immature macrophages and CCR2-independent residual mature macrophages contribute to the development of intestinal inflammation observed in IL10R-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk El Sayed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02420, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Ash Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Izabel Patik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02420, USA
| | - Naresh S Redhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02420, USA
- Morphic Therapeutic, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantinos Karagiannis
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - El Sayed Y El Naenaeey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Ash Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Elmowalid
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Ash Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf M Abd El Wahab
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Ash Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02420, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce H Horwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02420, USA.
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Tsou AM, Goettel JA, Bao B, Biswas A, Kang YH, Redhu NS, Peng K, Putzel GG, Saltzman J, Kelly R, Gringauz J, Barends J, Hatazaki M, Frei SM, Emani R, Huang Y, Shen Z, Fox JG, Glickman JN, Horwitz BH, Snapper SB. Utilizing a reductionist model to study host-microbe interactions in intestinal inflammation. Microbiome 2021; 9:215. [PMID: 34732258 PMCID: PMC8565002 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is altered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, yet how these alterations contribute to intestinal inflammation is poorly understood. Murine models have demonstrated the importance of the microbiome in colitis since colitis fails to develop in many genetically susceptible animal models when re-derived into germ-free environments. We have previously shown that Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-deficient mice (Was-/-) develop spontaneous colitis, similar to human patients with loss-of-function mutations in WAS. Furthermore, we showed that the development of colitis in Was-/- mice is Helicobacter dependent. Here, we utilized a reductionist model coupled with multi-omics approaches to study the role of host-microbe interactions in intestinal inflammation. RESULTS Was-/- mice colonized with both altered Schaedler flora (ASF) and Helicobacter developed colitis, while those colonized with either ASF or Helicobacter alone did not. In Was-/- mice, Helicobacter relative abundance was positively correlated with fecal lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a marker of intestinal inflammation. In contrast, WT mice colonized with ASF and Helicobacter were free of inflammation and strikingly, Helicobacter relative abundance was negatively correlated with LCN2. In Was-/- colons, bacteria breach the mucus layer, and the mucosal relative abundance of ASF457 Mucispirillum schaedleri was positively correlated with fecal LCN2. Meta-transcriptomic analyses revealed that ASF457 had higher expression of genes predicted to enhance fitness and immunogenicity in Was-/- compared to WT mice. In contrast, ASF519 Parabacteroides goldsteinii's relative abundance was negatively correlated with LCN2 in Was-/- mice, and transcriptional analyses showed lower expression of genes predicted to facilitate stress adaptation by ASF519 in Was-/-compared to WT mice. CONCLUSIONS These studies indicate that the effect of a microbe on the immune system can be context dependent, with the same bacteria eliciting a tolerogenic response under homeostatic conditions but promoting inflammation in immune-dysregulated hosts. Furthermore, in inflamed environments, some bacteria up-regulate genes that enhance their fitness and immunogenicity, while other bacteria are less able to adapt and decrease in abundance. These findings highlight the importance of studying host-microbe interactions in different contexts and considering how the transcriptional profile and fitness of bacteria may change in different hosts when developing microbiota-based therapeutics. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Tsou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jeremy A Goettel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amlan Biswas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Hui Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naresh S Redhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaiyue Peng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory G Putzel
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Saltzman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Kelly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan Gringauz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jared Barends
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mai Hatazaki
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra M Frei
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohini Emani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeli Shen
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce H Horwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Gensollen T, Lin X, Zhang T, Pyzik M, See P, Glickman JN, Ginhoux F, Waldor M, Salmi M, Rantakari P, Blumberg RS. Embryonic macrophages function during early life to determine invariant natural killer T cell levels at barrier surfaces. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:699-710. [PMID: 34040226 PMCID: PMC8171892 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that immune development within mucosal tissues is under the control of environmental factors during early life. However, the cellular mechanisms that underlie such temporally and regionally restrictive governance of these processes are unclear. Here, we uncover an extrathymic pathway of immune development within the colon that is controlled by embryonic but not bone marrow-derived macrophages, which determines the ability of these organs to receive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and allow them to establish local residency. Consequently, early-life perturbations of fetal-derived macrophages result in persistent decreases of mucosal iNKT cells and is associated with later-life susceptibility or resistance to iNKT cell-associated mucosal disorders. These studies uncover a host developmental program orchestrated by ontogenically distinct macrophages that is regulated by microbiota, and they reveal an important postnatal function of macrophages that emerge in fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gensollen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter See
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Matthew Waldor
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marko Salmi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20520, Finland,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20520, Finland
| | - Pia Rantakari
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20520, Finland,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, FI-20520, Finland
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Correspondence to:
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13
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Brennan CA, Nakatsu G, Gallini Comeau CA, Drew DA, Glickman JN, Schoen RE, Chan AT, Garrett WS. Aspirin Modulation of the Colorectal Cancer-Associated Microbe Fusobacterium nucleatum. mBio 2021; 12:e00547-21. [PMID: 33824205 PMCID: PMC8092249 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00547-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin is a chemopreventive agent for colorectal adenoma and cancer (CRC) that, like many drugs inclusive of chemotherapeutics, has been investigated for its effects on bacterial growth and virulence gene expression. Given the evolving recognition of the roles for bacteria in CRC, in this work, we investigate the effects of aspirin with a focus on one oncomicrobe-Fusobacterium nucleatum We show that aspirin and its primary metabolite salicylic acid alter F. nucleatum strain Fn7-1 growth in culture and that aspirin can effectively kill both actively growing and stationary Fn7-1. We also demonstrate that, at levels that do not inhibit growth, aspirin influences Fn7-1 gene expression. To assess whether aspirin modulation of F. nucleatum may be relevant in vivo, we use the ApcMin/+ mouse intestinal tumor model in which Fn7-1 is orally inoculated daily to reveal that aspirin-supplemented chow is sufficient to inhibit F. nucleatum-potentiated colonic tumorigenesis. We expand our characterization of aspirin sensitivity across other F. nucleatum strains, including those isolated from human CRC tissues, as well as other CRC-associated microbes, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli Finally, we determine that individuals who use aspirin daily have lower fusobacterial abundance in colon adenoma tissues, as determined by quantitative PCR performed on adenoma DNA. Together, our data support that aspirin has direct antibiotic activity against F. nucleatum strains and suggest that consideration of the potential effects of aspirin on the microbiome holds promise in optimizing risk-benefit assessments for use of aspirin in CRC prevention and management.IMPORTANCE There is an increasing understanding of the clinical correlations and potential mechanistic roles of specific members of the gut and tumoral microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, progression, and survival. However, we have yet to parlay this knowledge into better CRC outcomes through microbially informed diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic approaches. Here, we demonstrate that aspirin, an established CRC chemopreventive, exhibits specific effects on the CRC-associated Fusobacterium nucleatum in culture, an animal model of intestinal tumorigenesis, and in human colonic adenoma tissues. Our work proposes a potential role for aspirin in influencing CRC-associated bacteria to prevent colorectal adenomas and cancer, beyond aspirin's canonical anti-inflammatory role targeting host tissues. Future research, such as studies investigating the effects of aspirin on fusobacterial load in patients, will help further elucidate the prospect of using aspirin to modulate F. nucleatumin vivo for improving CRC outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A Brennan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Geicho Nakatsu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Drew
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Hubbard JJ, Pyzik M, Rath T, Kozicky LK, Sand KMK, Gandhi AK, Grevys A, Foss S, Menzies SC, Glickman JN, Fiebiger E, Roopenian DC, Sandlie I, Andersen JT, Sly LM, Baker K, Blumberg RS. FcRn is a CD32a coreceptor that determines susceptibility to IgG immune complex-driven autoimmunity. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151942. [PMID: 32658257 PMCID: PMC7537387 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG immune complexes (ICs) promote autoimmunity through binding fragment crystallizable (Fc) γ-receptors (FcγRs). Of these, the highly prevalent FcγRIIa (CD32a) histidine (H)-131 variant (CD32aH) is strongly linked to human autoimmune diseases through unclear mechanisms. We show that, relative to the CD32a arginine (R)-131 (CD32aR) variant, CD32aH more avidly bound human (h) IgG1 IC and formed a ternary complex with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) under acidic conditions. In primary human and mouse cells, both CD32a variants required FcRn to induce innate and adaptive immune responses to hIgG1 ICs, which were augmented in the setting of CD32aH. Conversely, FcRn induced responses to IgG IC independently of classical FcγR, but optimal responses required FcRn and FcγR. Finally, FcRn blockade decreased inflammation in a rheumatoid arthritis model without reducing circulating autoantibody levels, providing support for FcRn’s direct role in IgG IC-associated inflammation. Thus, CD32a and FcRn coregulate IgG IC-mediated immunity in a manner favoring the CD32aH variant, providing a novel mechanism for its disease association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hubbard
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Timo Rath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa K Kozicky
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kine M K Sand
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amit K Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Algirdas Grevys
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stian Foss
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susan C Menzies
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edda Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Inger Sandlie
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura M Sly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kristi Baker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA
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15
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Brennan CA, Clay SL, Lavoie SL, Bae S, Lang JK, Fonseca-Pereira D, Rosinski KG, Ou N, Glickman JN, Garrett WS. Fusobacterium nucleatum drives a pro-inflammatory intestinal microenvironment through metabolite receptor-dependent modulation of IL-17 expression. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1987780. [PMID: 34781821 PMCID: PMC8604392 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1987780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated microbiota creates a pro-tumorigenic intestinal milieu and shapes immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. However, how oncomicrobes - like Fusobacterium nucleatum, found in the oral cavity and associated with CRC tissues- affect these distinct aspects of tumorigenesis is difficult to parse. Herein, we found that neonatal inoculation of ApcMin/+ mice with F. nucleatum strain Fn7-1 circumvents technical barriers preventing its intestinal colonization, drives colonic Il17a expression prior to tumor formation, and potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis. Using gnotobiotic mice colonized with a minimal complexity microbiota (the altered Schaedler's flora), we observed that intestinal Fn7-1 colonization increases colonic Th17 cell frequency and their IL-17A and IL-17F expression, along with a concurrent increase in colonic lamina propria Il23p19 expression. As Fn7-1 stably colonizes the intestinal tract in our models, we posited that microbial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that F. nucleatum abundantly produces in culture and, as we demonstrate, in the intestinal tract, might mediate part of its immunomodulatory effects in vivo. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that Fn7-1 did not alter RORγt+ CD4+T cell frequency in the absence of the SCFA receptor FFAR2. Taken together, our work suggests that F. nucleatum influences intestinal immunity by shaping Th17 responses in an FFAR2-dependent manner, although further studies are necessary to clarify the precise and multifaceted roles of FFAR2. The potential to increase intestinal Th17 responses is shared by another oncomicrobe, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, highlighting a conserved pathway that could potentially be targeted to slow oncomicrobe-mediated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A. Brennan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Slater L. Clay
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sydney L. Lavoie
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sena Bae
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica K. Lang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diogo Fonseca-Pereira
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn G. Rosinski
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nora Ou
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wendy S. Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Cheng JJ, Stackhouse K, Glickman JN, Matsumoto Y, Cummings RD. Profiling Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigen Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. J Am Coll Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Lobel L, Cao YG, Fenn K, Glickman JN, Garrett WS. Diet posttranslationally modifies the mouse gut microbial proteome to modulate renal function. Science 2020; 369:1518-1524. [PMID: 32943527 PMCID: PMC8178816 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Associations between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the gut microbiota have been postulated, yet questions remain about the underlying mechanisms. In humans, dietary protein increases gut bacterial production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), indole, and indoxyl sulfate. The latter are uremic toxins, and H2S has diverse physiological functions, some of which are mediated by posttranslational modification. In a mouse model of CKD, we found that a high sulfur amino acid-containing diet resulted in posttranslationally modified microbial tryptophanase activity. This reduced uremic toxin-producing activity and ameliorated progression to CKD in the mice. Thus, diet can tune microbiota function to support healthy host physiology through posttranslational modification without altering microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Lobel
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Y Grace Cao
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathrin Fenn
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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18
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Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an epithelial neoplasm derived from the pancreatic ductal tree, is the most common histologic type of pancreatic cancer and accounts for 85%-95% of all solid pancreatic tumors. As a highly lethal malignancy, it is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is responsible for more than 300 000 deaths per year. PDAC is highly resistant to current therapies, affording patients a 5-year overall survival rate of only 7.2%. It is characterized histologically by its highly desmoplastic stroma embedding tubular and ductlike structures. On images, it typically manifests as a poorly defined hypoenhancing mass, causing ductal obstruction and vascular involvement. Little is known about the other histologic subtypes of PDAC, mainly because of their rarity and lack of specific patterns of disease manifestation. According to the World Health Organization, these variants include adenosquamous carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, hepatoid carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells, and undifferentiated carcinoma. Depending on the subtype, they can confer a better or even worse prognosis than that of conventional PDAC. Thus, awareness of the existence and differentiation of these variants on the basis of imaging and histopathologic characteristics is crucial to guide clinical decision making for optimal treatment and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoschy Schawkat
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Maria A Manning
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
| | - Koenraad J Mortele
- From the Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology (K.S., K.J.M.), and Department of Pathology (J.N.G.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (K.S.); and American Institute for Radiologic Pathology, Silver Spring, Md, and MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (M.A.M.)
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19
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Haruki K, Kosumi K, Li P, Arima K, Väyrynen JP, Lau MC, Twombly TS, Hamada T, Glickman JN, Fujiyoshi K, Chen Y, Du C, Guo C, Väyrynen SA, Dias Costa A, Song M, Chan AT, Meyerhardt JA, Nishihara R, Fuchs CS, Liu L, Zhang X, Wu K, Giannakis M, Nowak JA, Ogino S. An integrated analysis of lymphocytic reaction, tumour molecular characteristics and patient survival in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1367-1377. [PMID: 32157241 PMCID: PMC7188805 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histological lymphocytic reaction is regarded as an independent prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Considering the lack of adequate statistical power, adjustment for selection bias and comprehensive tumour molecular data in most previous studies, we investigated the strengths of the prognostic associations of lymphocytic reaction in colorectal carcinoma by utilising an integrative database of two prospective cohort studies. METHODS We examined Crohn's-like reaction, intratumoural periglandular reaction, peritumoural reaction and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in 1465 colorectal carcinoma cases. Using covariate data of 4420 colorectal cancer cases in total, inverse probability-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to control for selection bias (due to tissue availability) and potential confounders, including stage, MSI status, LINE-1 methylation, PTGS2 and CTNNB1 expression, KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations, and tumour neoantigen load. RESULTS Higher levels of each lymphocytic reaction component were associated with better colorectal cancer-specific survival (Ptrend < 0.002). Compared with cases with negative/low intratumoural periglandular reaction, multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.55 (95% CI, 0.42-0.71) in cases with intermediate reaction and 0.20 (95% CI, 0.12-0.35) in cases with high reaction. These relationships were consistent in strata of MSI status or neoantigen loads (Pinteraction > 0.2). CONCLUSIONS The four lymphocytic reaction components are prognostic biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kota Arima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juha P Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler S Twombly
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MS, USA
| | - Kenji Fujiyoshi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunxia Du
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunguang Guo
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara A Väyrynen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andressa Dias Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Lavoie S, Chun E, Bae S, Brennan CA, Gallini Comeau CA, Lang JK, Michaud M, Hoveyda HR, Fraser GL, Fuller MH, Layden BT, Glickman JN, Garrett WS. Expression of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 by Dendritic Cells Prevents Their Expression of Interleukin 27 and Is Required for Maintenance of Mucosal Barrier and Immune Response Against Colorectal Tumors in Mice. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1359-1372.e9. [PMID: 31917258 PMCID: PMC7291292 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal microbes and their metabolites affect the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Short-chain fatty acids are metabolites generated by intestinal microbes from dietary fiber. We investigated the mechanisms by which free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), a receptor for short-chain fatty acids that can affect the composition of the intestinal microbiome, contributes to the pathogenesis of CRC. METHODS We performed studies with ApcMin/+ mice, ApcMin/+Ffar2-/- mice, mice with conditional disruption of Ffar2 in dendritic cells (DCs) (Ffar2fl/flCD11c-Cre mice), ApcMin/+Ffar2fl/flCD11c-Cre mice, and Ffar2fl/fl mice (controls); some mice were given dextran sodium sulfate to induce colitis, with or without a FFAR2 agonist or an antibody against interleukin 27 (IL27). Colon and tumor tissues were analyzed by histology, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing; lamina propria and mesenteric lymph node tissues were analyzed by RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. Intestinal permeability was measured after gavage with fluorescently labeled dextran. We collected data on colorectal tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS ApcMin/+Ffar2-/- mice developed significantly more spontaneous colon tumors than ApcMin/+ mice and had increased gut permeability before tumor development, associated with reduced expression of E-cadherin. Colon tumors from ApcMin/+Ffar2-/- mice had a higher number of bacteria than tumors from ApcMin/+ mice, as well as higher frequencies of CD39+CD8+ T cells and exhausted or dying T cells. DCs from ApcMin/+Ffar2-/- mice had an altered state of activation, increased death, and higher production of IL27. Administration of an antibody against IL27 reduced the numbers of colon tumors in ApcMin/+ mice with colitis. Frequencies of CD39+CD8+ T cells and IL27+ DCs were increased in colon lamina propria from Ffar2fl/flCD11c-Cre mice with colitis compared with control mice or mice without colitis. ApcMin/+Ffar2fl/flCD11c-Cre mice developed even more tumors than ApcMin/+Ffar2fl/fl mice, and their tumors had even higher numbers of IL27+ DCs. ApcMin/+ mice with colitis given the FFAR2 agonist developed fewer colon tumors, with fewer IL27+ DCs, than mice not given the agonist. DCs incubated with the FFAR2 agonist no longer had gene expression patterns associated with activation or IL27 production. CONCLUSIONS Loss of FFAR2 promotes colon tumorigenesis in mice by reducing gut barrier integrity, increasing tumor bacterial load, promoting exhaustion of CD8+ T cells, and overactivating DCs, leading to their death. Antibodies against IL27 and an FFAR2 agonist reduce tumorigenesis in mice and might be developed for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Lavoie
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sena Bae
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caitlin A Brennan
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica K Lang
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Monia Michaud
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Miles H Fuller
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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21
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Chun E, Lavoie S, Fonseca-Pereira D, Bae S, Michaud M, Hoveyda HR, Fraser GL, Gallini Comeau CA, Glickman JN, Fuller MH, Layden BT, Garrett WS. Metabolite-Sensing Receptor Ffar2 Regulates Colonic Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Gut Immunity. Immunity 2019; 51:871-884.e6. [PMID: 31628054 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) sense environmental signals that are critical for gut homeostasis and host defense. However, the metabolite-sensing G-protein-coupled receptors that regulate colonic ILC3s remain poorly understood. We found that colonic ILC3s expressed Ffar2, a microbial metabolite-sensing receptor, and that Ffar2 agonism promoted ILC3 expansion and function. Deficiency of Ffar2 in ILC3s decreased their in situ proliferation and ILC3-derived interleukin-22 (IL-22) production. This led to impaired gut epithelial function characterized by altered mucus-associated proteins and antimicrobial peptides and increased susceptibility to colonic injury and bacterial infection. Ffar2 increased IL-22+ CCR6+ ILC3s and influenced ILC3 abundance in colonic lymphoid tissues. Ffar2 agonism differentially activated AKT or ERK signaling and increased ILC3-derived IL-22 via an AKT and STAT3 axis. Our findings suggest that Ffar2 regulates colonic ILC3 proliferation and function, and they identify an ILC3-receptor signaling pathway modulating gut homeostasis and pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Chun
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sydney Lavoie
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diogo Fonseca-Pereira
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sena Bae
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Miles H Fuller
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Departments of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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22
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Grootjans J, Krupka N, Hosomi S, Matute JD, Hanley T, Saveljeva S, Gensollen T, Heijmans J, Li H, Limenitakis JP, Ganal-Vonarburg SC, Suo S, Luoma AM, Shimodaira Y, Duan J, Shih DQ, Conner ME, Glickman JN, Fuhler GM, Palm NW, de Zoete MR, van der Woude CJ, Yuan GC, Wucherpfennig KW, Targan SR, Rosenstiel P, Flavell RA, McCoy KD, Macpherson AJ, Kaser A, Blumberg RS. Epithelial endoplasmic reticulum stress orchestrates a protective IgA response. Science 2019; 363:993-998. [PMID: 30819965 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat7186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the major secretory immunoglobulin isotype found at mucosal surfaces, where it regulates microbial commensalism and excludes luminal factors from contacting intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). IgA is induced by both T cell-dependent and -independent (TI) pathways. However, little is known about TI regulation. We report that IEC endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces a polyreactive IgA response, which is protective against enteric inflammation. IEC ER stress causes TI and microbiota-independent expansion and activation of peritoneal B1b cells, which culminates in increased lamina propria and luminal IgA. Increased numbers of IgA-producing plasma cells were observed in healthy humans with defective autophagy, who are known to exhibit IEC ER stress. Upon ER stress, IECs communicate signals to the peritoneum that induce a barrier-protective TI IgA response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joep Grootjans
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tygat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Niklas Krupka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Maurice Müller Laboratories (DBMR), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, Murtenstrasse 35, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shuhei Hosomi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Juan D Matute
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Thomas Hanley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Svetlana Saveljeva
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thomas Gensollen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jarom Heijmans
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Tygat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hai Li
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DBMR), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, Murtenstrasse 35, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien P Limenitakis
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DBMR), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, Murtenstrasse 35, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie C Ganal-Vonarburg
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DBMR), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, Murtenstrasse 35, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shengbao Suo
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Adrienne M Luoma
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yosuke Shimodaira
- F. Widjaja Foundation, Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jinzhi Duan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Q Shih
- F. Widjaja Foundation, Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Margaret E Conner
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Marcel R de Zoete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C Janneke van der Woude
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kai W Wucherpfennig
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephan R Targan
- F. Widjaja Foundation, Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DBMR), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, Murtenstrasse 35, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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23
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Lavoie S, Conway KL, Lassen KG, Jijon HB, Pan H, Chun E, Michaud M, Lang JK, Gallini Comeau CA, Dreyfuss JM, Glickman JN, Vlamakis H, Ananthakrishnan A, Kostic A, Garrett WS, Xavier RJ. The Crohn's disease polymorphism, ATG16L1 T300A, alters the gut microbiota and enhances the local Th1/Th17 response. eLife 2019; 8:39982. [PMID: 30666959 PMCID: PMC6342529 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is driven by dysfunction between host genetics, the microbiota, and immune system. Knowledge gaps remain regarding how IBD genetic risk loci drive gut microbiota changes. The Crohn's disease risk allele ATG16L1 T300A results in abnormal Paneth cells due to decreased selective autophagy, increased cytokine release, and decreased intracellular bacterial clearance. To unravel the effects of ATG16L1 T300A on the microbiota and immune system, we employed a gnotobiotic model using human fecal transfers into ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. We observed increases in Bacteroides ovatus and Th1 and Th17 cells in ATG16L1 T300A mice. Association of altered Schaedler flora mice with B. ovatus specifically increased Th17 cells selectively in ATG16L1 T300A knock-in mice. Changes occur before disease onset, suggesting that ATG16L1 T300A contributes to dysbiosis and immune infiltration prior to disease symptoms. Our work provides insight for future studies on IBD subtypes, IBD patient treatment and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Lavoie
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Kara L Conway
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Kara G Lassen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Humberto B Jijon
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Hui Pan
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Jessica K Lang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | | | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
| | - Hera Vlamakis
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ashwin Ananthakrishnan
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Aleksander Kostic
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States.,Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, United States
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24
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Wasserman I, Lee LH, Ogino S, Marco MR, Wu C, Chen X, Datta J, Sadot E, Szeglin B, Guillem JG, Paty PB, Weiser MR, Nash GM, Saltz L, Barlas A, Manova-Todorova K, Uppada SPB, Elghouayel AE, Ntiamoah P, Glickman JN, Hamada T, Kosumi K, Inamura K, Chan AT, Nishihara R, Cercek A, Ganesh K, Kemeny NE, Dhawan P, Yaeger R, Sawyers CL, Garcia-Aguilar J, Giannakis M, Shia J, Smith JJ. SMAD4 Loss in Colorectal Cancer Patients Correlates with Recurrence, Loss of Immune Infiltrate, and Chemoresistance. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1948-1956. [PMID: 30587545 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SMAD4 has shown promise in identifying patients with colorectal cancer at high risk of recurrence or death.Experimental Design: A discovery cohort and independent validation cohort were classified by SMAD4 status. SMAD4 status and immune infiltrate measurements were tested for association with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Patient-derived xenografts from SMAD4-deficient and SMAD4-retained tumors were used to examine chemoresistance. RESULTS The discovery cohort consisted of 364 patients with stage I-IV colorectal cancer. Median age at diagnosis was 53 years. The cohort consisted of 61% left-sided tumors and 62% stage II/III patients. Median follow-up was 5.4 years (interquartile range, 2.3-8.2). SMAD4 loss, noted in 13% of tumors, was associated with higher tumor and nodal stage, adjuvant therapy use, fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and lower peritumoral lymphocyte aggregate (PLA) scores (all P < 0.04). SMAD4 loss was associated with worse RFS (P = 0.02). When stratified by SMAD4 and immune infiltrate status, patients with SMAD4 loss and low TIL or PLA had worse RFS (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006, respectively). Among patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based systemic chemotherapy, those with SMAD4 loss had a median RFS of 3.8 years compared with 13 years for patients with SMAD4 retained. In xenografted mice, the SMAD4-lost tumors displayed resistance to 5-FU. An independent cohort replicated our findings, in particular, the association of SMAD4 loss with decreased immune infiltrate, as well as worse disease-specific survival. CONCLUSIONS Our data show SMAD4 loss correlates with worse clinical outcome, resistance to chemotherapy, and decreased immune infiltrate, supporting its use as a prognostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Wasserman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lik Hang Lee
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael R Marco
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chao Wu
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jashodeep Datta
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Eran Sadot
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Bryan Szeglin
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jose G Guillem
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Philip B Paty
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Martin R Weiser
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Garrett M Nash
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Leonard Saltz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Afsar Barlas
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katia Manova-Todorova
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Srijaya Prakash Babu Uppada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Arthur E Elghouayel
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia
| | - Peter Ntiamoah
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nancy E Kemeny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Julio Garcia-Aguilar
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - J Joshua Smith
- Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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25
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Hamada T, Soong TR, Masugi Y, Kosumi K, Nowak JA, da Silva A, Mu XJ, Twombly TS, Koh H, Yang J, Song M, Liu L, Gu M, Shi Y, Nosho K, Morikawa T, Inamura K, Shukla SA, Wu CJ, Garraway LA, Zhang X, Wu K, Meyerhardt JA, Chan AT, Glickman JN, Rodig SJ, Freeman GJ, Fuchs CS, Nishihara R, Giannakis M, Ogino S. TIME (Tumor Immunity in the MicroEnvironment) classification based on tumor CD274 (PD-L1) expression status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal carcinomas. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1442999. [PMID: 29900052 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1442999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting the PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1, PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway have revolutionized cancer treatment strategies. The TIME (Tumor Immunity in the MicroEnvironment) classification based on tumor CD274 (PDCD1 ligand 1, PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been proposed to predict response to immunotherapy. It remains to be determined clinical, pathological, and molecular features of TIME subtypes of colorectal cancer. Using 812 colon and rectal carcinoma cases from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we examined the association of tumor characteristics and survival outcomes with four TIME subtypes (TIME 1, CD274low/TILabsent; TIME 2, CD274high/TILpresent; TIME 3, CD274low/TILpresent; and TIME 4, CD274high/TILabsent). In survival analyses, Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for potential confounders, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) status, LINE-1 methylation level, and KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutation status. TIME subtypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 had 218 (27%), 117 (14%), 103 (13%), and 374 (46%) colorectal cancer cases, respectively. Compared with TIL-absent subtypes (TIME 1 and 4), TIL-present subtypes (TIME 2 and 3) were associated with high-level MSI, high-degree CIMP, BRAF mutation, and higher amounts of neoantigens (p < 0.001). TIME subtypes were not significantly associated with colorectal cancer-specific or overall survival. In conclusion, TIL-present TIME subtypes of colorectal cancer are associated with high levels of MSI and neoantigen load, supporting better responsiveness to cancer immunotherapy. Further studies examining tumor molecular alterations and additional factors in the tumor microenvironment may inform development of immunoprevention and immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thing Rinda Soong
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohei Masugi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annacarolina da Silva
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinmeng Jasmine Mu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler S Twombly
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hideo Koh
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juhong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormone and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Disease Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Mancang Gu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Katsuhiko Nosho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachet A Shukla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Levi A Garraway
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Hosomi S, Grootjans J, Tschurtschenthaler M, Krupka N, Matute JD, Flak MB, Martinez-Naves E, Gomez Del Moral M, Glickman JN, Ohira M, Lanier LL, Kaser A, Blumberg R. Intestinal epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes MULT1 up-regulation and NKG2D-mediated inflammation. J Exp Med 2017; 214:2985-2997. [PMID: 28747426 PMCID: PMC5626394 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20162041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosomi et al. show that intestinal epithelial cell–specific deletion of X-box–binding protein 1, an unfolded protein response–related transcription factor, results in CHOP-dependent increased expression of specific natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands. This activates NKG2D-expressing intraepithelial group 1 ILCs and promotes small intestinal inflammation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is commonly observed in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and can, if excessive, cause spontaneous intestinal inflammation as shown by mice with IEC-specific deletion of X-box–binding protein 1 (Xbp1), an unfolded protein response–related transcription factor. In this study, Xbp1 deletion in the epithelium (Xbp1ΔIEC) is shown to cause increased expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligand (NKG2DL) mouse UL16-binding protein (ULBP)–like transcript 1 and its human orthologue cytomegalovirus ULBP via ER stress–related transcription factor C/EBP homology protein. Increased NKG2DL expression on mouse IECs is associated with increased numbers of intraepithelial NKG2D-expressing group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs; NK cells or ILC1). Blockade of NKG2D suppresses cytolysis against ER-stressed epithelial cells in vitro and spontaneous enteritis in vivo. Pharmacological depletion of NK1.1+ cells also significantly improved enteritis, whereas enteritis was not ameliorated in Recombinase activating gene 1−/−;Xbp1ΔIEC mice. These experiments reveal innate immune sensing of ER stress in IECs as an important mechanism of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Hosomi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Markus Tschurtschenthaler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Niklas Krupka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Juan D Matute
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Magdalena B Flak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Naves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gomez Del Moral
- Department of Cell Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mizuki Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Arthur Kaser
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Richard Blumberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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27
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Zhang S, Ermann J, Succi MD, Zhou A, Hamilton MJ, Cao B, Korzenik JR, Glickman JN, Vemula PK, Glimcher LH, Traverso G, Langer R, Karp JM. An inflammation-targeting hydrogel for local drug delivery in inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:300ra128. [PMID: 26268315 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa5657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a clinical need for new, more effective treatments for chronic and debilitating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Targeting drugs selectively to the inflamed intestine may improve therapeutic outcomes and minimize systemic toxicity. We report the development of an inflammation-targeting hydrogel (IT-hydrogel) that acts as a drug delivery system to the inflamed colon. Hydrogel microfibers were generated from ascorbyl palmitate, an amphiphile that is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. IT-hydrogel microfibers loaded with the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid dexamethasone (Dex) were stable, released drug only upon enzymatic digestion, and demonstrated preferential adhesion to inflamed epithelial surfaces in vitro and in two mouse colitis models in vivo. Dex-loaded IT-hydrogel enemas, but not free Dex enemas, administered every other day to mice with colitis resulted in a significant reduction in inflammation and were associated with lower Dex peak serum concentrations and, thus, less systemic drug exposure. Ex vivo analysis of colon tissue samples from patients with ulcerative colitis demonstrated that IT-hydrogel microfibers adhered preferentially to mucosa from inflamed lesions compared with histologically normal sites. The IT-hydrogel drug delivery platform represents a promising approach for targeted enema-based therapies in patients with colonic IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufeng Zhang
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joerg Ermann
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marc D Succi
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allen Zhou
- Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew J Hamilton
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bonnie Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua R Korzenik
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Miraca Life Sciences, Newton, MA 02464, USA
| | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore 560065, India
| | | | - Giovanni Traverso
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Robert Langer
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Karp
- Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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28
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Huang YH, Zhu C, Kondo Y, Anderson AC, Gandhi A, Russell A, Dougan SK, Petersen BS, Melum E, Pertel T, Clayton KL, Raab M, Chen Q, Beauchemin N, Yazaki PJ, Pyzik M, Ostrowski MA, Glickman JN, Rudd CE, Ploegh HL, Franke A, Petsko GA, Kuchroo VK, Blumberg RS. Corrigendum: CEACAM1 regulates TIM-3-mediated tolerance and exhaustion. Nature 2016; 536:359. [PMID: 26982724 DOI: 10.1038/nature17421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Richards WG, Van Oss SB, Glickman JN, Chirieac LR, Yeap B, Dong L, Gordon GJ, Mercer H, Gill KK, Imrich A, Bueno R, Sugarbaker DJ. A microaliquoting technique for precise histological annotation and optimization of cell content in frozen tissue specimens. Biotech Histochem 2015; 82:189-97. [PMID: 17917854 DOI: 10.1080/10520290701488121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the exact cell content of frozen tissue samples is of growing importance in genomic research. We developed a microaliquoting technique to measure and optimize the cell composition of frozen tumor specimens for molecular studies. Frozen samples of 31 mesothelioma cases were cut in alternating thin and thick sections. Thin sections were stained and evaluated visually. Thick sections, i.e., microaliquots, were annotated using bordering stained sections. A range of cellular heterogeneity was observed among and within samples. Precise annotation of samples was obtained by integration and compared to conventional single face and "front and back"’ section estimates of cell content. Front and back estimates were more highly correlated with block annotation by microaliquoting than were single face estimates. Both methods yielded discrepant estimates, however, and for some studies may not adequately account for the heterogeneity of mesothelioma or other malignancies with variable cellular composition. High yield and quality RNA was extracted from precision annotated, tumor-enriched subsamples prepared by combining individual microaliquots with the highest tumor cellularity estimates. Microaliquoting provides accurate cell content annotation and permits genomic analysis of enriched subpopulations of cells without fixation or amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Richards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, 2Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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30
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Huang YH, Zhu C, Kondo Y, Anderson AC, Gandhi A, Russell A, Dougan SK, Petersen BS, Melum E, Pertel T, Clayton KL, Raab M, Chen Q, Beauchemin N, Yazaki PJ, Pyzik M, Ostrowski MA, Glickman JN, Rudd CE, Ploegh HL, Franke A, Petsko GA, Kuchroo VK, Blumberg RS. CEACAM1 regulates TIM-3-mediated tolerance and exhaustion. Nature 2015; 517:386-90. [PMID: 25363763 PMCID: PMC4297519 DOI: 10.1038/nature13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3, also known as HAVCR2) is an activation-induced inhibitory molecule involved in tolerance and shown to induce T-cell exhaustion in chronic viral infection and cancers. Under some conditions, TIM-3 expression has also been shown to be stimulatory. Considering that TIM-3, like cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1), is being targeted for cancer immunotherapy, it is important to identify the circumstances under which TIM-3 can inhibit and activate T-cell responses. Here we show that TIM-3 is co-expressed and forms a heterodimer with carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), another well-known molecule expressed on activated T cells and involved in T-cell inhibition. Biochemical, biophysical and X-ray crystallography studies show that the membrane-distal immunoglobulin-variable (IgV)-like amino-terminal domain of each is crucial to these interactions. The presence of CEACAM1 endows TIM-3 with inhibitory function. CEACAM1 facilitates the maturation and cell surface expression of TIM-3 by forming a heterodimeric interaction in cis through the highly related membrane-distal N-terminal domains of each molecule. CEACAM1 and TIM-3 also bind in trans through their N-terminal domains. Both cis and trans interactions between CEACAM1 and TIM-3 determine the tolerance-inducing function of TIM-3. In a mouse adoptive transfer colitis model, CEACAM1-deficient T cells are hyper-inflammatory with reduced cell surface expression of TIM-3 and regulatory cytokines, and this is restored by T-cell-specific CEACAM1 expression. During chronic viral infection and in a tumour environment, CEACAM1 and TIM-3 mark exhausted T cells. Co-blockade of CEACAM1 and TIM-3 leads to enhancement of anti-tumour immune responses with improved elimination of tumours in mouse colorectal cancer models. Thus, CEACAM1 serves as a heterophilic ligand for TIM-3 that is required for its ability to mediate T-cell inhibition, and this interaction has a crucial role in regulating autoimmunity and anti-tumour immunity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Autoimmunity/immunology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/chemistry
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Colorectal Neoplasms/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Ligands
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/chemistry
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Molecular
- Mucous Membrane/immunology
- Mucous Membrane/pathology
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Multimerization
- Receptors, Virus/chemistry
- Receptors, Virus/immunology
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hwa Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Chen Zhu
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Amit Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Andrew Russell
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Britt-Sabina Petersen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Espen Melum
- 1] Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Norwegian PSC Research Center, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Thomas Pertel
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kiera L Clayton
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Monika Raab
- Cell Signalling Section, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Paul J Yazaki
- Beckman Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Michal Pyzik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mario A Ostrowski
- 1] Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada [2] Keenan Research Centre of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5S1A8, Canada
| | | | - Christopher E Rudd
- Cell Signalling Section, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Gregory A Petsko
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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31
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Rooks MG, Veiga P, Wardwell-Scott LH, Tickle T, Segata N, Michaud M, Gallini CA, Beal C, van Hylckama-Vlieg JET, Ballal SA, Morgan XC, Glickman JN, Gevers D, Huttenhower C, Garrett WS. Gut microbiome composition and function in experimental colitis during active disease and treatment-induced remission. ISME J 2014; 8:1403-17. [PMID: 24500617 PMCID: PMC4069400 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated immune responses to gut microbes are central to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and gut microbial activity can fuel chronic inflammation. Examining how IBD-directed therapies influence gut microbiomes may identify microbial community features integral to mitigating disease and maintaining health. However, IBD patients often receive multiple treatments during disease flares, confounding such analyses. Preclinical models of IBD with well-defined disease courses and opportunities for controlled treatment exposures provide a valuable solution. Here, we surveyed the gut microbiome of the T-bet(-/-) Rag2(-/-) mouse model of colitis during active disease and treatment-induced remission. Microbial features modified among these conditions included altered potential for carbohydrate and energy metabolism and bacterial pathogenesis, specifically cell motility and signal transduction pathways. We also observed an increased capacity for xenobiotics metabolism, including benzoate degradation, a pathway linking host adrenergic stress with enhanced bacterial virulence, and found decreased levels of fecal dopamine in active colitis. When transferred to gnotobiotic mice, gut microbiomes from mice with active disease versus treatment-induced remission elicited varying degrees of colitis. Thus, our study provides insight into specific microbial clades and pathways associated with health, active disease and treatment interventions in a mouse model of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Veiga
- 1] Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA [2] Danone Research, Palaiseau, France
| | - Leslie H Wardwell-Scott
- 1] Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Gevers
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- 1] Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA [2] Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- 1] Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [3] Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA [4] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Baker K, Rath T, Flak MB, Arthur JC, Chen Z, Glickman JN, Zlobec I, Karamitopoulou E, Stachler MD, Odze RD, Lencer WI, Jobin C, Blumberg RS. Neonatal Fc receptor expression in dendritic cells mediates protective immunity against colorectal cancer. Immunity 2013; 39:1095-107. [PMID: 24290911 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancers arising in mucosal tissues account for a disproportionately large fraction of malignancies. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the neonatal Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn) have an important function in the mucosal immune system that we have now shown extends to the induction of CD8(+) T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. We demonstrate that FcRn within dendritic cells (DCs) was critical for homeostatic activation of mucosal CD8(+) T cells that drove protection against the development of colorectal cancers and lung metastases. FcRn-mediated tumor protection was driven by DCs activation of endogenous tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells via the cross-presentation of IgG complexed antigens (IgG IC), as well as the induction of cytotoxicity-promoting cytokine secretion, particularly interleukin-12, both of which were independently triggered by the FcRn-IgG IC interaction in murine and human DCs. FcRn thus has a primary role within mucosal tissues in activating local immune responses that are critical for priming efficient anti-tumor immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Baker
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timo Rath
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Magdalena B Flak
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janelle C Arthur
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacology and Immunology-Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhangguo Chen
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Inti Zlobec
- University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Translational Research Unit, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Karamitopoulou
- University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Translational Research Unit, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Stachler
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert D Odze
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wayne I Lencer
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Boston and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Pathology, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Adolph TE, Tomczak MF, Niederreiter L, Ko HJ, Böck J, Martinez-Naves E, Glickman JN, Tschurtschenthaler M, Hartwig J, Hosomi S, Flak MB, Cusick JL, Kohno K, Iwawaki T, Billmann-Born S, Raine T, Bharti R, Lucius R, Kweon MN, Marciniak SJ, Choi A, Hagen SJ, Schreiber S, Rosenstiel P, Kaser A, Blumberg RS. Paneth cells as a site of origin for intestinal inflammation. Nature 2013; 503:272-6. [PMID: 24089213 PMCID: PMC3862182 DOI: 10.1038/nature12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of autophagy related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) as a genetic risk factor has exposed the critical role of autophagy in Crohn's disease. Homozygosity for the highly prevalent ATG16L1 risk allele, or murine hypomorphic (HM) activity, causes Paneth cell dysfunction. As Atg16l1(HM) mice do not develop spontaneous intestinal inflammation, the mechanism(s) by which ATG16L1 contributes to disease remains obscure. Deletion of the unfolded protein response (UPR) transcription factor X-box binding protein-1 (Xbp1) in intestinal epithelial cells, the human orthologue of which harbours rare inflammatory bowel disease risk variants, results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, Paneth cell impairment and spontaneous enteritis. Unresolved ER stress is a common feature of inflammatory bowel disease epithelium, and several genetic risk factors of Crohn's disease affect Paneth cells. Here we show that impairment in either UPR (Xbp1(ΔIEC)) or autophagy function (Atg16l1(ΔIEC) or Atg7(ΔIEC)) in intestinal epithelial cells results in each other's compensatory engagement, and severe spontaneous Crohn's-disease-like transmural ileitis if both mechanisms are compromised. Xbp1(ΔIEC) mice show autophagosome formation in hypomorphic Paneth cells, which is linked to ER stress via protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), elongation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Ileitis is dependent on commensal microbiota and derives from increased intestinal epithelial cell death, inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)-regulated NF-κB activation and tumour-necrosis factor signalling, which are synergistically increased when autophagy is deficient. ATG16L1 restrains IRE1α activity, and augmentation of autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells ameliorates ER stress-induced intestinal inflammation and eases NF-κB overactivation and intestinal epithelial cell death. ER stress, autophagy induction and spontaneous ileitis emerge from Paneth-cell-specific deletion of Xbp1. Genetically and environmentally controlled UPR function within Paneth cells may therefore set the threshold for the development of intestinal inflammation upon hypomorphic ATG16L1 function and implicate ileal Crohn's disease as a specific disorder of Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- 1] Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK [2]
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Kostic AD, Chun E, Robertson L, Glickman JN, Gallini CA, Michaud M, Clancy TE, Chung DC, Lochhead P, Hold GL, El-Omar EM, Brenner D, Fuchs CS, Meyerson M, Garrett WS. Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment. Cell Host Microbe 2013; 14:207-15. [PMID: 23954159 PMCID: PMC3772512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1581] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links the gut microbiota with colorectal cancer. Metagenomic analyses indicate that symbiotic Fusobacterium spp. are associated with human colorectal carcinoma, but whether this is an indirect or causal link remains unclear. We find that Fusobacterium spp. are enriched in human colonic adenomas relative to surrounding tissues and in stool samples from colorectal adenoma and carcinoma patients compared to healthy subjects. Additionally, in the Apc(Min/+) mouse model of intestinal tumorigenesis, Fusobacterium nucleatum increases tumor multiplicity and selectively recruits tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, which can promote tumor progression. Tumors from Apc(Min/+) mice exposed to F. nucleatum exhibit a proinflammatory expression signature that is shared with human fusobacteria-positive colorectal carcinomas. However, unlike other bacteria linked to colorectal carcinoma, F. nucleatum does not exacerbate colitis, enteritis, or inflammation-associated intestinal carcinogenesis. Collectively, these data suggest that, through recruitment of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, fusobacteria generate a proinflammatory microenvironment that is conducive for colorectal neoplasia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar D. Kostic
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lauren Robertson
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Miraca Life Sciences, Inc. Newton, MA 02464, USA
| | - Carey Ann Gallini
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas E. Clancy
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C. Chung
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, 02114
| | - Paul Lochhead
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina L. Hold
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Emad M. El-Omar
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Brenner
- Cancer and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wendy S. Garrett
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Smith PM, Howitt MR, Panikov N, Michaud M, Gallini CA, Bohlooly-Y M, Glickman JN, Garrett WS. The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis. Science 2013; 341:569-73. [PMID: 23828891 DOI: 10.1126/science.1241165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3380] [Impact Index Per Article: 307.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that express the transcription factor Foxp3 are critical for regulating intestinal inflammation. Candidate microbe approaches have identified bacterial species and strain-specific molecules that can affect intestinal immune responses, including species that modulate Treg responses. Because neither all humans nor mice harbor the same bacterial strains, we posited that more prevalent factors exist that regulate the number and function of colonic Tregs. We determined that short-chain fatty acids, gut microbiota-derived bacterial fermentation products, regulate the size and function of the colonic Treg pool and protect against colitis in a Ffar2-dependent manner in mice. Our study reveals that a class of abundant microbial metabolites underlies adaptive immune microbiota coadaptation and promotes colonic homeostasis and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Smith
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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36
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Olszak T, An D, Zeissig S, Vera MP, Richter J, Franke A, Glickman JN, Siebert R, Baron RM, Kasper DL, Blumberg RS. Microbial exposure during early life has persistent effects on natural killer T cell function. Science 2012; 336:489-93. [PMID: 22442383 DOI: 10.1126/science.1219328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1152] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to microbes during early childhood is associated with protection from immune-mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma. Here, we show that in germ-free (GF) mice, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells accumulate in the colonic lamina propria and lung, resulting in increased morbidity in models of IBD and allergic asthma as compared with that of specific pathogen-free mice. This was associated with increased intestinal and pulmonary expression of the chemokine ligand CXCL16, which was associated with increased mucosal iNKT cells. Colonization of neonatal-but not adult-GF mice with a conventional microbiota protected the animals from mucosal iNKT accumulation and related pathology. These results indicate that age-sensitive contact with commensal microbes is critical for establishing mucosal iNKT cell tolerance to later environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Olszak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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37
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Jati A, Tatlı S, Morgan JA, Glickman JN, Demetri GD, Van den Abbele A, Silverman SG. Imaging features of bone metastases in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Diagn Interv Radiol 2012; 18:391-6. [PMID: 22407696 DOI: 10.4261/1305-3825.dir.5179-11.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence and imaging features of bone metastases in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of 190 patients with pathologically proven GISTs were reviewed, and patients with bone metastases were identified. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis were examined for features of bone metastases, and findings were correlated with the results of positron-emission tomography (PET) and histopathology. RESULTS Of 190 GIST patients, six (3.2%) had bone metastases: four patients had multiple bone metastases, and two patients had a solitary metastasis. The maximum diameter of the metastases ranged from 2 to 40 mm, and they most commonly involved the vertebrae, ribs, pelvic bones, and femurs. All lesions were well-marginated and lytic. A soft tissue component was identified in three patients. The bone metastases showed intense fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake. After treatment with imatinib mesylate in three patients, the bone metastases developed peripheral sclerosis on CT and became less FDG-avid on PET. All six primary tumors were morphologically high-grade with high mitotic rates and necrosis. CONCLUSION Bone metastases from GISTs are uncommon; when detected with CT, they are characterized by single or multiple lytic lesions with or without soft tissue involvement. A sclerotic rim may appear around the metastatic lesions in response to treatment. Similar to the disease in other sites, bone metastases show intense FDG uptake, which decreases following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupma Jati
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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38
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Garrett WS, Gallini CA, Yatsunenko T, Michaud M, DuBois A, Delaney ML, Punit S, Karlsson M, Bry L, Glickman JN, Gordon JI, Onderdonk AB, Glimcher LH. Enterobacteriaceae act in concert with the gut microbiota to induce spontaneous and maternally transmitted colitis. Cell Host Microbe 2010; 8:292-300. [PMID: 20833380 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 592] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of homeostasis between the host immune system and the intestinal microbiota leads to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Whether IBD is instigated by individual species or disruptions of entire microbial communities remains controversial. We characterized the fecal microbial communities in the recently described T-bet(-/-) ×Rag2(-/-) ulcerative colitis (TRUC) model driven by T-bet deficiency in the innate immune system. 16S rRNA-based analysis of TRUC and Rag2(-/-) mice revealed distinctive communities that correlate with host genotype. The presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis correlates with colitis in TRUC animals, and these TRUC-derived strains can elicit colitis in Rag2(-/-) and WT adults but require a maternally transmitted endogenous microbial community for maximal intestinal inflammation. Cross-fostering experiments indicated a role for these organisms in maternal transmission of disease. Our findings illustrate how gut microbial communities work in concert with specific culturable colitogenic agents to cause IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Freudenberg F, Leonard MR, Liu SA, Glickman JN, Carey MC. Pathophysiological preconditions promoting mixed "black" pigment plus cholesterol gallstones in a DeltaF508 mouse model of cystic fibrosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 299:G205-14. [PMID: 20430874 PMCID: PMC2904121 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00341.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gallstones are frequent in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). These stones are generally "black" pigment (i.e., Ca bilirubinate) with an appreciable cholesterol admixture. The pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms for this "mixed" gallstone in CF are unknown. Here we investigate in a CF mouse model with no overt liver or gallbladder disease whether pathophysiological changes in the physical chemistry of gallbladder bile might predict the occurrence of "mixed" cholelithiasis. Employing a DeltaF508 mouse model with documented increased fecal bile acid loss and induced enterohepatic cycling of bilirubin (Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 294: G1411-G1420, 2008), we assessed gallbladder bile chemistry, morphology, and microscopy in CF and wild-type mice, with focus on the concentrations and compositions of the common biliary lipids, bilirubins, Ca(2+), and pH. Our results demonstrate that gallbladder bile of CF mice contains significantly higher levels of all bilirubin conjugates and unconjugated bilirubin with lower gallbladder bile pH values. Significant elevations in Ca bilirubinate ion products in bile of CF mice increase the likelihood of supersaturating bile and forming black pigment gallstones. The risk of potential pigment cholelithogenesis is coupled with higher cholesterol saturations and bile salt hydrophobicity indexes, consistent with a proclivity to cholesterol phase separation during pigment gallstone formation. This is an initial step toward unraveling the molecular basis of CF gallstone disease and constitutes a framework for investigating animal models of CF with more severe biliary disease, as well as the human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folke Freudenberg
- 1Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Diseases Center; ,2Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and
| | - Monika R. Leonard
- 2Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and
| | - Shou-An Liu
- 2Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- 3Pathology Department, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin C. Carey
- 1Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Diseases Center; ,2Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and
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Mueller SN, Vanguri VK, Ha SJ, West EE, Keir ME, Glickman JN, Sharpe AH, Ahmed R. PD-L1 has distinct functions in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in regulating T cell responses during chronic infection in mice. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:2508-15. [PMID: 20551512 DOI: 10.1172/jci40040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) is upregulated on antigen-specific CD8+ T cells during persistent viral infections. Interaction with PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to functional exhaustion of responding T cells and may limit immunopathology during infection. PD-L1 is expressed on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in tissues. However, the exact roles of PD-L1 on hematopoietic versus nonhematopoietic cells in modulating immune responses are unclear. Here we used bone marrow chimeric mice to examine the effects of PD-L1 deficiency in hematopoietic or nonhematopoietic cells during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 (LCMV CL-13) infection. We found that PD-L1 expression on hematopoietic cells inhibited CD8+ T cell numbers and function after LCMV CL-13 infection. In contrast, PD-L1 expression on nonhematopoietic cells limited viral clearance and immunopathology in infected tissues. Together, these data demonstrate that there are distinct roles for PD-L1 on hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in regulating CD8+ T cell responses and viral clearance during chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott N Mueller
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M. Gelow
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Akshay S. Desai
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Claudia P. Hochberg
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael M. Givertz
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James C. Fang
- From the Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G., A.S.D., C.P.H., J.N.G., M.M.G., J.C.F.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass; Cardiovascular Division (J.M.G.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore; Cardiovascular Division (C.P.H.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; and Cardiovascular Division (J.C.F.), University Hospital-Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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Ogino S, Nosho K, Irahara N, Meyerhardt JA, Baba Y, Shima K, Glickman JN, Ferrone CR, Mino-Kenudson M, Tanaka N, Dranoff G, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS. Lymphocytic reaction to colorectal cancer is associated with longer survival, independent of lymph node count, microsatellite instability, and CpG island methylator phenotype. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:6412-20. [PMID: 19825961 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Host immune response to tumor may be an important prognostic factor for colon cancer patients. However, little is known on prognostic significance of histopathologic lymphoid reaction to tumor, independent of the number of lymph nodes examined and tumoral molecular alterations, including microsatellite instability (MSI) and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), both of which are associated with lymphocytic reaction and clinical outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using 843 colorectal cancer patients in two independent prospective cohorts, we examined patient prognosis in relation to four components of lymphocytic reaction (i.e., Crohn's-like reaction, peritumoral reaction, intratumoral periglandular reaction, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) and overall lymphocytic score (0-12). CIMP was determined using eight markers including CACNA1G, CDKN2A (p16), CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, RUNX3, and SOCS1. Cox proportional hazard models computed hazard ratio for mortality, adjusted for covariates including tumor stage, body mass index, lymph node count, KRAS, BRAF, p53, cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2), MSI, CIMP, and LINE-1 methylation. RESULTS Increasing overall lymphocytic reaction score including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was associated with a significant improvement in colorectal cancer-specific and overall survival (log-rank P < 0.003). These findings remained significant (adjusted hazard ratio estimates, 0.49-0.71; P(trend) < 0.009) in multivariate models that adjusted for covariates, including body mass index, MSI, CIMP, LINE-1 hypomethylation, and cyclooxygenase-2. The beneficial effect of tumoral lymphocytic reaction was consistent across strata of clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Lymphocytic reactions to tumor were associated with improved prognosis among colorectal cancer patients, independent of lymph node count and other clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ogino
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Garrett WS, Punit S, Gallini CA, Michaud M, Zhang D, Sigrist KS, Lord GM, Glickman JN, Glimcher LH. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer driven by T-bet deficiency in dendritic cells. Cancer Cell 2009; 16:208-19. [PMID: 19732721 PMCID: PMC2740755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously described a mouse model of ulcerative colitis linked to T-bet deficiency in the innate immune system. Here, we report that the majority of T-bet(-/-)RAG2(-/-) ulcerative colitis (TRUC) mice spontaneously progress to colonic dysplasia and rectal adenocarcinoma solely as a consequence of MyD88-independent intestinal inflammation. Dendritic cells (DCs) are necessary cellular effectors for a proinflammatory program that is carcinogenic. Whereas these malignancies arise in the setting of a complex inflammatory environment, restoration of T-bet selectively in DCs was sufficient to reduce colonic inflammation and prevent the development of neoplasia. TRUC colitis-associated colorectal cancer resembles the human disease and provides ample opportunity to probe how inflammation drives colorectal cancer development and to test preventative and therapeutic strategies preclinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy S. Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Boston, MA
| | - Shivesh Punit
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Carey A. Gallini
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Dorothy Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Kirsten S. Sigrist
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Graham M. Lord
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laurie H. Glimcher
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Liu J, Divoux A, Sun J, Zhang J, Clément K, Glickman JN, Sukhova GK, Wolters PJ, Du J, Gorgun CZ, Doria A, Libby P, Blumberg RS, Kahn BB, Hotamisligil GS, Shi GP. Genetic deficiency and pharmacological stabilization of mast cells reduce diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Nat Med 2009; 15:940-5. [PMID: 19633655 PMCID: PMC2736875 DOI: 10.1038/nm.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 547] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although mast cell functions classically relate to allergic responses1–3, recent studies indicate that these cells contribute to other common diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, and cancer4–8. This study presents evidence that mast cells contribute importantly to diet-induced obesity and diabetes. White adipose tissues (WAT) from obese humans and mice contain more mast cells than WAT from their lean counterparts. Genetically determined mast cell deficiency and pharmacological stabilization of mast cells in mice reduce body weight gain and levels of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and proteases in serum and WAT, in concert with improved glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure. Mechanistic studies reveal that mast cells contribute to WAT and muscle angiogenesis and associated cell apoptosis and cathepsin activity. Adoptive transfer of cytokine-deficient mast cells established that these cells contribute to mice adipose tissue cysteine protease cathepsin expression, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, thereby promoting diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance by production of IL6 and IFN-γ. Mast cell stabilizing agents in clinical use reduced obesity and diabetes in mice, suggesting the potential of developing novel therapies for these common human metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gordon GJ, Dong L, Yeap BY, Richards WG, Glickman JN, Edenfield H, Mani M, Colquitt R, Maulik G, Van Oss B, Sugarbaker DJ, Bueno R. Four-gene expression ratio test for survival in patients undergoing surgery for mesothelioma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009; 101:678-86. [PMID: 19401544 PMCID: PMC2677573 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djp061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma has few effective treatments, one being cytoreductive surgery. We previously developed a gene ratio test to predict outcome of malignant pleural mesothelioma patients undergoing surgery. In this study, we investigated the predictive value and technical assay performance of this test in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. METHODS Clinical data were obtained prospectively from 120 consecutive patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who were scheduled for debulking surgery at one institution. Specimens were obtained at surgery or by pleural biopsy examination. Expression data for four genes were collected from tumor specimens, and three ratios of gene expression (TM4SF1/PKM2, TM4SF1/ARHGDIA, and COBLL1/ARHGDIA) were determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Patients were assigned to good or poor outcome groups by the gene ratio test. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test in univariate analyses. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for prognostic factors. Technical robustness was determined by using up to 30 specimens per patient, two biopsy techniques, and two performance sites. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The test predicted overall survival (P < .001) and cancer-specific survival (P = .007) in univariate analysis and overall survival in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio for death = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27 to 3.45, P = .004). The test was reproducible within patients and repeatable between two determinations for specimens with widely varying tumor cell contents. Repeatability between two determinations was 88.5% (95% CI = 84.0% to 92.2%) or, when technically unacceptable test values were excluded, 91.9% (95% CI = 87.4% to 95.1%). Reproducibility between two determinations was 96.1% (95% CI = 86.5% to 99.5%). Combining the gene ratio test and other prognostic factors allowed prospective discrimination between patients at high risk (median survival = 6.9 months, 95% CI = 2.6 to 8.9 months; 3-year survival = 0%) and low risk (median survival = 31.9 months, 95% CI = 21.9 to 41.7 months; 3-year survival = 42%). CONCLUSION The gene ratio test for survival of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma has robust predictive value and technical assay performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin J Gordon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Mortelé KJ, Peters HE, Odze RD, Glickman JN, Jajoo K, Banks PA. An unusual mixed tumor of the pancreas: sonographic and MDCT features. JOP 2009; 10:204-208. [PMID: 19287120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mixed tumors of the pancreas are exceedingly rare. CASE REPORT We herein report on a 54-year-old female who presented with an enlarging cystic lesion in the head of the pancreas. Right upper quadrant ultrasound and multidetector-row CT scan showed a well-defined unilocular cystic tumor located in the head of the pancreas and surrounded, in part, by a hypervascular solid mass. CONCLUSION Although mixed exocrine/endocrine pancreatic tumors have been described previously, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a pancreatic mixed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm/endocrine tumor with illustration of its ultrasound and CT features. Moreover, the importance of preoperative analysis of imaging features in the assessment of pancreatic neoplasms is discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Carcinoma, Islet Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Islet Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Middle Aged
- Mixed Tumor, Malignant/metabolism
- Mixed Tumor, Malignant/pathology
- Mucin-2/analysis
- Pancreas/diagnostic imaging
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Synaptophysin/analysis
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
- Ultrasonography/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Koenraad J Mortelé
- Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Najarian RM, Hait EJ, Leichtner AM, Glickman JN, Antonioli DA, Goldsmith JD. Clinical significance of colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis in a pediatric population. Mod Pathol 2009; 22:13-20. [PMID: 19116628 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2008.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The significance of colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis has been well described in adults, and is associated with lymphocytic colitis, untreated celiac disease, and medications, among others. Little is known about the meaning of colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis in the pediatric population; this study examines this finding in a cohort of children. Twenty patients in whom colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis was a prominent feature were identified from 1999 to 2005. Colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis was defined as 20 or more intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 colonocytes present in at least one colonic mucosal biopsy. Each biopsy was examined for numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 surface and crypt colonocytes; various architectural, inflammatory, and metaplastic changes were also noted. When available, concurrent duodenal and/or ileal biopsies were examined. Studied clinical parameters included indications for biopsy, clinical follow-up, final diagnosis, comorbidities, autoimmune serologies, and medications. A total of 121 colonic mucosal biopsies were examined in 20 patients who ranged from 1 to 17 years (mean 10.2 years; 40% male). Common indications for endoscopy included diarrhea and abdominal pain. A mean of 29 (+/-22) intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes were seen. Seven patients had colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis as the only histologic finding. The remaining 13 patients had additional architectural, inflammatory, and metaplastic changes. The mean follow-up period was 14 months (range 1-48 months). Inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed in 4 of 20 patients and was seen chiefly in biopsies in which colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis was associated with architectural or inflammatory changes. Common disease associations include celiac disease, lymphocytic colitis, and autoimmune enteropathy. Pediatric colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis, in the absence of other histologic findings, is associated with various diseases, including celiac disease, lymphocytic colitis, and autoimmune enteropathy. Colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis in the presence of other inflammatory changes indicates the possibility of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. These findings are similar to those seen in adults, with the exception of autoimmune enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Najarian
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Hoshida Y, Villanueva A, Kobayashi M, Peix J, Chiang DY, Camargo A, Gupta S, Moore J, Wrobel MJ, Lerner J, Reich M, Chan JA, Glickman JN, Ikeda K, Hashimoto M, Watanabe G, Daidone MG, Roayaie S, Schwartz M, Thung S, Salvesen HB, Gabriel S, Mazzaferro V, Bruix J, Friedman SL, Kumada H, Llovet JM, Golub TR. Gene expression in fixed tissues and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:1995-2004. [PMID: 18923165 PMCID: PMC2963075 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0804525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 967] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is a challenge to identify patients who, after undergoing potentially curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, are at greatest risk for recurrence. Such high-risk patients could receive novel interventional measures. An obstacle to the development of genome-based predictors of outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma has been the lack of a means to carry out genomewide expression profiling of fixed, as opposed to frozen, tissue. METHODS We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of gene-expression profiling of more than 6000 human genes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. We applied the method to tissues from 307 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, from four series of patients, to discover and validate a gene-expression signature associated with survival. RESULTS The expression-profiling method for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue was highly effective: samples from 90% of the patients yielded data of high quality, including samples that had been archived for more than 24 years. Gene-expression profiles of tumor tissue failed to yield a significant association with survival. In contrast, profiles of the surrounding nontumoral liver tissue were highly correlated with survival in a training set of tissue samples from 82 Japanese patients, and the signature was validated in tissues from an independent group of 225 patients from the United States and Europe (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the feasibility of genomewide expression profiling of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues and have shown that a reproducible gene-expression signature correlated with survival is present in liver tissue adjacent to the tumor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Hoshida
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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49
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Pai SY, Levy O, Jabara HH, Glickman JN, Stoler-Barak L, Sachs J, Nurko S, Orange JS, Geha RS. Allogeneic transplantation successfully corrects immune defects, but not susceptibility to colitis, in a patient with nuclear factor-kappaB essential modulator deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122:1113-1118.e1. [PMID: 18851875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Revised: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boys with X-linked ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency caused by mutations of nuclear factor-kappaB essential modulator have defects in innate and adaptive immunity, and some have colitis. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether curing the immune defect in such patients by means of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation abolishes the susceptibility to colitis. METHODS A boy with X-linked hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency underwent allogeneic transplantation from a matched unaffected sibling identified by means of preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Toll-like receptor (TLR) function was assessed by measuring TLR agonist-induced cytokine production in whole blood tested in vitro. B-cell proliferation was measured by means of tritiated thymidine incorporation. Natural killer cell function was examined in PBMCs by means of K562 target cell lysis. Colitis severity was assessed clinically based on corticosteroid requirement and histology of large intestinal biopsy specimens. RESULTS Defects in cytokine production in response to TLR agonists, CD40-mediated proliferation, and natural killer cell cytotoxicity were all corrected after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite successful hematopoietic and immune reconstitution, the patient continued to have flares of colitis, often associated with bacterial infection. CONCLUSIONS Our findings strongly suggest that nuclear factor-kappaB essential modulator deficiency intrinsic to the intestinal epithelium is sufficient to predispose to colitis, despite robust correction of immune defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yun Pai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM We investigated the dietary and gender influences on the expression and functionality of cholangiocyte bile salt transporters and development of biliary hyperplasia in cholesterol gallstone-susceptible C57L/J and resistant AKR/J mice. METHODS C57L and AKR mice were fed chow, a lithogenic diet, or a cholic acid-containing diet for 14 days. Expression of cholangiocyte bile salt transporter proteins ASBT (SLC10A2), ILBP (FABP6), and MRP3 (ABCC3) were studied by Western blot analysis. Taurocholate uptake studies were performed using microperfusion of isolated bile duct units. The pre- and post-perfusion taurocholate concentrations were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Biliary proliferation in liver sections was scored. RESULTS The lithogenic diet induced ductular proliferation in C57L mice. On chow, SLC10A2 and ABCC3 were overexpressed in male and female C57L compared to AKR mice. A lithogenic diet reduced the expressions of FABP6 in both male and female C57L mice, SLC10A2 in female C57L mice, and ABCC3 in male C57L mice. These alterations in transporter expressions were not associated with changes in taurocholate uptake. The lithogenic diet induced biliary hyperplasia and reduced bile salt transporter expressions in C57L mice. CONCLUSIONS Although bile salt uptake was not increased in the bile duct unit, we speculate that the biliary hyperplasia on the lithogenic diet may lead to an increase in intrahepatic bile salt recycling during cholesterol cholelithogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anatoliy I Masyuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas F LaRusso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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