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Yu M, Qin K, Fan J, Zhao G, Zhao P, Zeng W, Chen C, Wang A, Wang Y, Zhong J, Zhu Y, Wagstaff W, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Ho S, Lee MJ, Strelzow J, Reid RR, He TC. The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101026. [PMID: 38292186 PMCID: PMC10825312 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in development and adult tissue homeostasis across species. Wnt proteins are secreted, lipid-modified signaling molecules that activate the canonical (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical (β-catenin independent) Wnt signaling pathways. Cellular behaviors such as proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and proper body-axis specification are carried out by the canonical pathway, which is the best characterized of the known Wnt signaling paths. Wnt signaling has emerged as an important factor in stem cell biology and is known to affect the self-renewal of stem cells in various tissues. This includes but is not limited to embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, gut, neural, and epidermal stem cells. Wnt signaling has also been implicated in tumor cells that exhibit stem cell-like properties. Wnt signaling is crucial for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutics for bone disorders. Not surprisingly, aberrant Wnt signaling is also associated with a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. Mutations of Wnt pathway members in cancer can lead to unchecked cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. Altogether, advances in the understanding of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease have paved the way for the development of novel therapeutics that target components of the Wnt pathway. Beginning with a brief overview of the mechanisms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem cells, aberrations to the Wnt pathway associated with diseases, and novel therapeutics targeting the Wnt pathway in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yu
- School of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- School of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Neurology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523475, China
| | - Connie Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Annie Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jiamin Zhong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Li D, Qin K, Jin JB, Peng CH. [Current status and considerations on clinical application of function-preserving pancreatic surgery]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:338-345. [PMID: 38432676 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20231116-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
For pancreatic neoplasms, the current clinical treatment strategy is mainly using standard surgical methods, including pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, and total pancreatectomy. Standard surgical methods require a larger resection, including resection of some surrounding organs and a large amount of pancreatic parenchyma. The endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are easily damaged. Moreover, since the standard surgical procedure involves the reconstruction of the digestive tract at multiple anastomoses, there is a high risk of pancreatic, biliary, and intestinal fistulas occurring postoperatively. Therefore, function-preserving pancreatic surgery is recommended for some benign and low-grade pancreatic neoplasms. This type of surgery can treat pancreatic diseases while preserving more peripancreatic organs, pancreatic parenchyma and relatively complete digestive tract continuity, thereby improving the patient's short-term and long-term quality of life. In addition, with the development of laparoscopy and da Vinci robotic technology, minimally invasive technology-assisted pancreatic surgery has been carried out in clinical practice. They have been shown to be sufficiently safe and effective. This article reviews several common clinical pancreatic function-preserving surgical methods and their corresponding clinical applications and technical development status from the perspectives of preserving more peripancreatic organs, preserving more pancreatic parenchyma, and promoting pancreatic function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - K Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J B Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C H Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Qin K, Yu M, Fan J, Wang H, Zhao P, Zhao G, Zeng W, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang A, Schwartz Z, Hong J, Song L, Wagstaff W, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Ho SH, Strelzow J, Reid RR, He TC, Shi LL. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk. Genes Dis 2024; 11:103-134. [PMID: 37588235 PMCID: PMC10425814 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either through β-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the noncanonical pathway. Many of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body, establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling pathways. This crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ processes. Dysregulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems, including cancer and embryological defects, and can even cause embryonic lethality. The complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic treatments. However, both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be addressed. This review synthesized much of the current knowledge on the Wnt signaling pathway, beginning with the history of Wnt signaling. It thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling, including canonical, noncanonical Wnt/PCP, and the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. Further description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular processes. Finally, this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qin
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Yu
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523475, China
| | - Connie Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Annie Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zander Schwartz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lily Song
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin H. Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Li J, Zhu X, Oberdier MT, Lee C, Lin S, Fink SJ, Justice CN, Qin K, Begeman AW, Damen FC, Kim H, Chen J, Cai K, Halperin HR, Vanden Hoek TL. A cell-penetrating PHLPP peptide improves cardiac arrest survival in murine and swine models. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:164283. [PMID: 37115695 PMCID: PMC10145924 DOI: 10.1172/jci164283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in the US, with a mortality rate over 90%. Preclinical studies demonstrate that cooling during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is highly beneficial, but can be challenging to implement clinically. No medications exist for improving long-term cardiac arrest survival. We have developed a 20-amino acid peptide, TAT-PHLPP9c, that mimics cooling protection by enhancing AKT activation via PH domain leucine-rich repeat phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) inhibition. Complementary studies were conducted in mouse and swine. C57BL/6 mice were randomized into blinded saline control and peptide-treatment groups. Following a 12-minute asystolic arrest, TAT-PHLPP9c was administered intravenously during CPR and significantly improved the return of spontaneous circulation, mean arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow, cardiac and neurological function, and survival (4 hour and 5 day). It inhibited PHLPP-NHERF1 binding, enhanced AKT but not PKC phosphorylation, decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation and sorbitol production, and increased ATP generation in heart and brain. TAT-PHLPP9c treatment also reduced plasma taurine and glutamate concentrations after resuscitation. The protective benefit of TAT-PHLPP9c was validated in a swine cardiac arrest model of ventricular fibrillation. In conclusion, TAT-PHLPP9c may improve neurologically intact cardiac arrest survival without the need for physical cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Matt T Oberdier
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chunpei Lee
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shaoxia Lin
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah J Fink
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cody N Justice
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew W Begeman
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Hajwa Kim
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine
| | - Henry R Halperin
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Terry L Vanden Hoek
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhang L, Luo W, Liu J, Xu M, Peng Q, Zou W, You J, Shu Y, Zhao P, Wagstaff W, Zhao G, Qin K, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Reid RR, Bi Y, Zhao T, He TC, Fu Z. Modeling lung diseases using reversibly immortalized mouse pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells (imPAC2). Cell Biosci 2022; 12:159. [PMID: 36138472 PMCID: PMC9502644 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy alveolar epithelium is critical to the gas exchange function of the lungs. As the major cell type of alveolar epithelium, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells play a critical role in maintaining pulmonary homeostasis by serving as alveolar progenitors during lung injury, inflammation, and repair. Dysregulation of AT2 cells may lead to the development of acute and chronic lung diseases and cancer. The lack of clinically relevant AT2 cell models hampers our ability to understand pulmonary diseases. Here, we sought to establish reversibly immortalized mouse pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells (imPAC2) and investigate their potential in forming alveolar organoids to model pulmonary diseases. METHODS Primary mouse pulmonary alveolar cells (mPACs) were isolated and immortalized with a retroviral expression of SV40 Large T antigen (LTA). Cell proliferation and survival was assessed by crystal violet staining and WST-1 assays. Marker gene expression was assessed by qPCR, Western blotting, and/or immunostaining. Alveolar organoids were generated by using matrigel. Ad-TGF-β1 was used to transiently express TGF-β1. Stable silencing β-catenin or overexpression of mutant KRAS and TP53 was accomplished by using retroviral vectors. Subcutaneous cell implantations were carried out in athymic nude mice. The retrieved tissue masses were subjected to H & E histologic evaluation. RESULTS We immortalized primary mPACs with SV40 LTA to yield the imPACs that were non-tumorigenic and maintained long-term proliferative activity that was reversible by FLP-mediated removal of SV40 LTA. The EpCAM+ AT2-enriched subpopulation (i.e., imPAC2) was sorted out from the imPACs, and was shown to express AT2 markers and form alveolar organoids. Functionally, silencing β-catenin decreased the expression of AT2 markers in imPAC2 cells, while TGF-β1 induced fibrosis-like response by regulating the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in the imPAC2 cells. Lastly, concurrent expression of oncogenic KRAS and mutant TP53 rendered the imPAC2 cells a tumor-like phenotype and activated lung cancer-associated pathways. Collectively, our results suggest that the imPAC2 cells may faithfully represent AT2 populations that can be further explored to model pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghuan Zhang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Maozhu Xu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qi Peng
- University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wenjing Zou
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jingyi You
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400046, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400046, China
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Rex C Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, the Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Zhou Fu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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He Y, Chen K, Wei P, Xie G, Chen Z, Qin K, Gao Y, Ma H. [Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields promote osteoblast mineralization and maturation of rats through the PC2/sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:988-996. [PMID: 35869760 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether the effect of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) in promoting osteoblast mineralization and maturation is related to the primary cilia, polycystin2 (PC2) and sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. METHODS We detected the expression levels of PC2, sAC, PKA, CREB and their phosphorylated proteins in primary rat calvarial osteoblasts exposed to 50 Hz 0.6 mT PEMFs for 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. We blocked PC2 function with amiloride hydrochloride and detected the changes in the activity of sAC/PKA/CREB signal pathway and the mineralization and maturation of the osteoblasts. These examinations were repeated in the osteoblasts after specific knockdown of PC2 via RNA interference and were the co-localization of PC2, sAC, PKA, CREB and their phosphorylated proteins with the primary cilia were using immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of PC2 and the signaling proteins of sAC/PKA/CREB pathway were detected after inhibition of primary ciliation by RNA interference. RESULTS The expression levels of PC2, sAC, p-PKA and p- CREB were significantly increased in the osteoblasts after exposure to PEMFs for different time lengths (P < 0.01). Blocking PC2 function or PC2 knockdown in the osteoblasts resulted in failure of sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway activation and arrest of osteoblast mineralization and maturation. PC2, sAC, p-PKA and p-CREB were localized to the entire primary cilia or its roots, but PKA and CREB were not detected in the primary cilia. After interference of the primary cilia, PEMFs exposure no longer caused increase of PC2 expression and failed to activate the sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway or promote osteoblast mineralization and maturation. CONCLUSION PC2, located on the surface of the primary cilia of osteoblasts, can perceive and transmit the physical signals from PEMFs and promote the mineralization and maturation of osteoblasts by activating the PC2/ sAC/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - K Chen
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - P Wei
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - G Xie
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Z Chen
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - K Qin
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Y Gao
- Basic Medical Laboratory, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - H Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
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7
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Qin K, Qin WY, Ming SP, Ma XF, Du XK. Effect of ciprofol on induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:5063-5071. [PMID: 35916802 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims at evaluating the effects of ciprofol on the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective, randomized, single-blind study enrolled 120 patients aged 18-65 years who underwent general anesthesia for kidney transplantation. The patients were randomized into a ciprofol group (group C) and a propofol group (group P). Anesthesia induction: group C had injected IV with ciprofol 0.4 mg/kg, group P had injected IV with propofol 2.0 mg/kg, while both groups had injected IV with sufentanil 0.4-0.5 μg/kg and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg. Anesthesia maintenance: ciprofol was injected IV with 0.8-2.4 mg•kg-1•h-1 in group C, propofol was injected IV with 4-12 mg•kg-1•h-1 in group P, while remifentanil was injected IV with 8-15 μg•kg-1•h-1 and cisatracurium was injected IV with 0.1-0.2mg•kg-1•h-1, with the bispectral index (BIS) maintained at 40-60 during the operation. RESULTS The success rate of sedation in both groups was 100%. Compared with the P group, in group C the time of disappearance of the eyelash reflex and a decline in the BIS to 60 was shorter (p<0.001); the time of awakening was prolonged (p<0.001); the number of sedative drugs administered was reduced (p<0.001); MAP fluctuated less five mins after transplantation (p<0.01); the incidence of injection pain during induction was reduced (p<0.001) and intraoperative hypotension was decreased(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Ciprofol is safe and effective for anesthesia induction and maintenance in kidney transplantation and its sedative effect is better than that of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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8
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Li SL, Sun XY, Qin K, Wen N, Liao JX, Lan LG, Huang Y, Lei ZY, Su QD, Wu JH. [Combined resection of thoracic and abdominal organ clusters: a series of 50 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:774-778. [PMID: 35790531 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20211109-00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the technique and effect of combined thoracic and abdominal organ clusters resection. Methods: From February 2019 to August 2021, totally 50 cases of combined thoracoabdominal organ cluster resection were completed at Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from donation after brain death donors. There were 47 males and 3 females, aging (34.8±12.3) years (range: 5 to 55 years). The length of hospital stay(M(IQR)) was 4(4) days (range: 2 to 43 days), the length of tube time was 4(2) days (range: 1 to 43 days). Through the midsternal incision and the abdominal grand cross incision, the cold perfusion was performing simultaneously when the perfusion lines of each target organ was established respectively. The combined resection was performed with the diaphragm as the boundary and the organ cluster as the unit. The heart and lung were separated on site and sent to the transplant hospital, and the abdominal organ cluster was directly preserved and returned to our hospital for further separation and repair. Results: Totaly 21 hearts, 47 pairs of lungs, 49 livers, 47 pairs of kidneys and 11 pancreas were harvested by this surgical treatment. The resection time was (32.6±6.5) minutes (range: 19 to 50 minutes), with no hot ischemia time. There was no accidental injury that affected organ quality and function. Heart transplantation was performed in 17 cases, combined heart-kidney transplantation in 2 cases, double lung transplantation in 43 cases, single lung transplantation in 6 cases, liver transplantation in 41 cases, combined liver-pancreas-duodenal cluster transplantation in 1 case, combined liver-kidney transplantation in 3 cases, combined pancreas-kidney transplantation in 9 cases, and kidney transplantation in 74 cases. Conclusion: Simultaneous perfusion and combined resection of thoracic and abdominal organ clusters for donation after brain death donors are feasible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Li
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - X Y Sun
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - K Qin
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - N Wen
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - J X Liao
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - L G Lan
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Y Huang
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Z Y Lei
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Q D Su
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - J H Wu
- Transplant Medical Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
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9
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Zhang CH, Qin K, Tian SL, Han Y, Xu SY, Shao XY. Identification and Verification of the Ability of Cdk5 to Phosphorylate Deubiquitinating Enzyme BRCC3 In Vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 172:701-708. [PMID: 35503584 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the expression of the deubiquitinating enzyme BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex subunit 3 (BRCC3) and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 (Cdk5) is increased in Parkinson's disease (both are involved in neuroinflammatory response). However, the regulatory mechanism of Cdk5 on the post-translational modification of BRCC3 remains unclear. Here we studied whether Cdk5 phosphorylates BRCC3. Phosphorylation of BRCC3 by Cdk5 was predicted by GPS 5.0 software. His-BRCC3 plasmid was constructed by cloning the BRCC3 gene into pGEX-6P-1 vector, and then His-BRCC3 fusion protein was induced with isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside and purified using His-Tag affinity chromatography purification agarose. Phosphorylation of BRCC3 fusion protein by Cdk5 in vitro was detected by mass spectrometry and Western blotting. The results showed that multiple phosphorylation sites were predicted by GPS 5.0, and the His-BRCC3 fusion protein was successfully induced and purified. In vitro kinase assay, Western blotting, and mass spectrometry showed that Cdk5 can phosphorylate BRCC3. It has been demonstrated that protein kinase Cdk5 can phosphorylate the deubiquitinating enzyme BRCC3 in vitro, which provides new data for further study on the mechanism of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - K Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - S L Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Y Han
- Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - S Y Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
| | - X Y Shao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory Animal Center, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
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10
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Abou L, Qin K, Alluri A, Du Y, Rice LA. The effectiveness of physical therapy interventions in reducing falls among people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2022; 29:74-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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He F, Ni N, Zeng Z, Wu D, Feng Y, Li AJ, Luu B, Li AF, Qin K, Wang E, Wang X, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, Mao Y, Pakvasa M, Wagstaff W, Zhang Y, Niu C, Wang H, Huang L, Shi D, Liu Q, Zhao X, Fu K, Reid RR, Wolf JM, Lee MJ, Hynes K, Strelzow J, El Dafrawy M, Gan H, He TC, Fan J. FAMSi: A Synthetic Biology Approach to the Fast Assembly of Multiplex siRNAs for Silencing Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 22:885-899. [PMID: 33230483 PMCID: PMC7658575 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is mediated by an ∼21-nt double-stranded small interfering RNA (siRNA) and shows great promise in delineating gene functions and in developing therapeutics for human diseases. However, effective gene silencing usually requires the delivery of multiple siRNAs for a given gene, which is often technically challenging and time-consuming. In this study, by exploiting the type IIS restriction endonuclease-based synthetic biology methodology, we developed the fast assembly of multiplex siRNAs (FAMSi) system. In our proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrated that multiple fragments containing three, four, or five siRNA sites targeting common Smad4 and/or BMPR-specific Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 required for BMP9 signaling could be assembled efficiently. The constructed multiplex siRNAs effectively knocked down the expression of Smad4 and/or Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and they inhibited all aspects of BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs), including decreased expression of osteogenic regulators/markers, reduced osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and diminished in vitro matrix mineralization and in vivo ectopic bone formation. Collectively, we demonstrate that the engineered FAMSi system provides a fast-track platform for assembling multiplexed siRNAs in a single vector, and thus it may be a valuable tool to study gene functions or to develop novel siRNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Na Ni
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Alexander J. Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Benjamin Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alissa F. Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yukun Mao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Changchun Niu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Nephrology, Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kelly Hynes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mostafa El Dafrawy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hua Gan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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12
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Pu F, Chen F, Zhang Z, Shi D, Zhong B, Lv X, Tucker AB, Fan J, Li AJ, Qin K, Hu D, Chen C, Wang H, He F, Ni N, Huang L, Liu Q, Wagstaff W, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Shen L, He TC, Liu J, Shao Z. Ferroptosis as a novel form of regulated cell death: Implications in the pathogenesis, oncometabolism and treatment of human cancer. Genes Dis 2020; 9:347-357. [PMID: 35224151 PMCID: PMC8843993 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer mainly involves surgical excision supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs act by interfering with tumor growth and inducing the death of cancer cells. Anti-tumor drugs were developed to induce apoptosis, but some patient’s show apoptosis escape and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, other forms of cell death that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells are important in the context of cancer treatment. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent, non-apoptotic type of cell death that is highly negatively correlated with cancer development. Ferroptosis is mainly caused by the abnormal increase in iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species and the imbalance of redox homeostasis. This review summarizes the progression and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis in cancer and discusses its possible clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Ji X, Cui Z, Xiang Y, Zhang Q, Qin K, Tang B, Wei Y. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of the Cold-active Siphoviridae Bacteriophage from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Pakvasa M, Haravu P, Boachie-Mensah M, Jones A, Coalson E, Liao J, Zeng Z, Wu D, Qin K, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, He F, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Niu C, Wu M, Zhao X, Wang H, Huang L, Shi D, Liu Q, Ni N, Fu K, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Athiviraham A, Ho SS, He TC, Hynes K, Strelzow J, El Dafrawy M, Reid RR. Notch signaling: Its essential roles in bone and craniofacial development. Genes Dis 2020; 8:8-24. [PMID: 33569510 PMCID: PMC7859553 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch is a cell–cell signaling pathway that is involved in a host of activities including development, oncogenesis, skeletal homeostasis, and much more. More specifically, recent research has demonstrated the importance of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation, bone healing, and in the development of the skeleton. The craniofacial skeleton is complex and understanding its development has remained an important focus in biology. In this review we briefly summarize what recent research has revealed about Notch signaling and the current understanding of how the skeleton, skull, and face develop. We then discuss the crucial role that Notch plays in both craniofacial development and the skeletal system, and what importance it may play in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Pranav Haravu
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Boachie-Mensah
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alonzo Jones
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Elam Coalson
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Junyi Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Fang He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yukun Mao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266061, PR China
| | - Changchun Niu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266061, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Na Ni
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Kai Fu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin S Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kelly Hynes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mostafa El Dafrawy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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15
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Zhang B, Yang L, Zeng Z, Feng Y, Wang X, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, Pakvasa M, Wagstaff W, He F, Mao Y, Qin K, Ding H, Zhang Y, Niu C, Wu M, Zhao X, Wang H, Huang L, Shi D, Liu Q, Ni N, Fu K, Athiviraham A, Moriatis Wolf J, Lee MJ, Hynes K, Strelzow J, El Dafrawy M, Xia Y, He TC. Leptin Potentiates BMP9-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through the Activation of JAK/STAT Signaling. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:498-510. [PMID: 32041483 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors that have the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages, including bone, cartilage, and fat. We previously demonstrated that the least known bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)9 (also known as growth differentiation factor 2) is one of the potent osteogenic factors that can induce both osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanism underlying BMP9 action remains to be fully understood. Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone in direct proportion to the amount of body fat, and exerts pleiotropic functions, such as regulating energy metabolism, bone mass, and mineral density. In this study, we investigate the potential effect of leptin signaling on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. We found that exogenous leptin potentiated BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo, while inhibiting BMP9-induced adipogenic differentiation. BMP9 was shown to induce the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in MSCs, while exogenous leptin upregulated BMP9 expression in less differentiated MSCs. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that a blockade of JAK signaling effectively blunted leptin-potentiated osteogenic differentiation induced by BMP9. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that leptin may potentiate BMP9-induced osteogenesis by cross-regulating BMP9 signaling through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in MSCs. Thus, it is conceivable that a combined use of BMP9 and leptin may be explored as a novel approach to enhancing efficacious bone regeneration and fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fang He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukun Mao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Huimin Ding
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, BenQ Medical Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changchun Niu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xia Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Breast Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dayao Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Ni
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kelly Hynes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mostafa El Dafrawy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yayi Xia
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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16
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Sun W, Li W, Ji X, Li H, Qin K, Wei Y. Cold-Adapted Bacterial Diversity in Mingyong Glacier based on Combination Analysis of Fatty Acids and 16S rRNA Gene Sequence. Microbiology (Reading) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261718060164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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17
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Mónaco D, Dilernia D, Gartland A, Qin K, Dennis K, Tang J, Gilmour J, Bansal A, Allen S, Goepfert P, Hunter E. A12 Transmitted HLA pre-adapted polymorphisms in the GAG protein influences viral evolution in the new host. Virus Evol 2018. [PMCID: PMC5905476 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vey010.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Mónaco
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - A Gartland
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K Qin
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - K Dennis
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Tang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J Gilmour
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), London, UK
| | - A Bansal
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - S Allen
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - P Goepfert
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - E Hunter
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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18
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Zhou D, Zhou D, Zhan S, Wang P, Qin K, Gan W, Lin X. Inhibition of JMJD6 expression reduces the proliferation, migration and invasion of neuroglioma stem cells. Neoplasma 2017; 64:700-708. [DOI: 10.4149/neo_2017_507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Liu Q, Qin K, Shen B, Cai H, Cai B. Analysis of Fructus Arctii from Different Regions of China by HPLC Coupled with Chemometrics Methods. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.27.2015.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Frazier P, Meredith L, Greer C, Paulsen JA, Howard K, Dietz LR, Qin K. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a web-based stress management program among community college students. Anxiety Stress Coping 2014; 28:576-86. [PMID: 25420030 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.987666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web-based stress management program among community college students that focused on increasing perceived control over stressful events. DESIGN Students (N = 257) were randomly assigned to a Present Control Intervention or a Stress-information only comparison group. METHODS Primary outcomes were perceived stress and stress symptoms; secondary outcomes were depression and anxiety. Self-report measures were completed online at preintervention, postintervention, and three-week follow-up. Intervention effects were estimated using linear mixed models. Seventy-five percent of the sample (n = 194) completed the pretest and comprised the intent-to-treat sample. RESULTS Participants in the intervention group reported significant increases in present control, and significant decreases in all four primary and secondary outcome measures from baseline to postintervention and follow-up. Within-group effect sizes were small to medium at postintervention (mean d = -.34) and follow-up (mean d = -.49). The mean between-group effect size on the four outcome measures was d = .35 at postintervention but d = .12 at follow-up, due to unexpected decreases in distress in the comparison group. CONCLUSIONS Our online program is a cost-effective mental health program for college students. Limitations and future direction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Frazier
- a Department of Psychology , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN 55455 , USA
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21
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Zheng L, Zhang M, Qin K, Cai H, Cao G, Cai B. Simultaneous Determination of 10 Active Components in Baizhu Shaoyao San and Its Single Herbs by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detection. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:633-40. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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22
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Yan Y, Jiang L, Aufderheide KJ, Wright GA, Terekhov A, Costa L, Qin K, McCleery WT, Fellenstein JJ, Ustione A, Robertson JB, Johnson CH, Piston DW, Hutson MS, Wikswo JP, Hofmeister W, Janetopoulos C. A microfluidic-enabled mechanical microcompressor for the immobilization of live single- and multi-cellular specimens. Microsc Microanal 2014; 20:141-51. [PMID: 24444078 PMCID: PMC4026272 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613014037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A microcompressor is a precision mechanical device that flattens and immobilizes living cells and small organisms for optical microscopy, allowing enhanced visualization of sub-cellular structures and organelles. We have developed an easily fabricated device, which can be equipped with microfluidics, permitting the addition of media or chemicals during observation. This device can be used on both upright and inverted microscopes. The apparatus permits micrometer precision flattening for nondestructive immobilization of specimens as small as a bacterium, while also accommodating larger specimens, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, for long-term observations. The compressor mount is removable and allows easy specimen addition and recovery for later observation. Several customized specimen beds can be incorporated into the base. To demonstrate the capabilities of the device, we have imaged numerous cellular events in several protozoan species, in yeast cells, and in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. We have been able to document previously unreported events, and also perform photobleaching experiments, in conjugating Tetrahymena thermophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Gus A. Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alexander Terekhov
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
| | - Lino Costa
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - W. Tyler McCleery
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Ustione
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - J. Brian Robertson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - David W. Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - M. Shane Hutson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John P. Wikswo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - William Hofmeister
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chris Janetopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Corresponding author.
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23
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Bunda S, Qin K, Kommaraju K, Heir P, Ohh M. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia-associated mutation in Cbl promotes resistance to apoptosis via the Lyn-PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncogene 2014; 34:789-97. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is known to modulate key signaling cascades and regulate normal physiological processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The expression of RKIP is found to be downregulated in several cancer metastases and the repressed RKIP expression can be reactivated on treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. RKIP is a proven tumor metastasis suppressor gene and investigating the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of RKIP is therefore of immense clinical importance. In this review, we discuss the basal expression of RKIP in various tissues and the genetic aspects of the RKIP chromosomal locus including the structure of the RKIP promoter as well as gene regulatory elements such as enhancers. We also review the genetic and epigenetic modulation of RKIP transcription through EZH2, a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and sequence specific transcription factors (TFs) BACH1 and Snail. Emerging experimental evidence supports a unifying model in which both these TFs repress RKIP transcription in cancers by recruiting the EZH2 containing repressive complex to the proximal RKIP promoter. Finally, we review the known mechanisms employed by different types of chemotherapeutic agents to activate RKIP expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Datar
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Hanna Tegegne
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Kevin Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University Health Sciences Centre, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Milad S Bitar
- Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Robert J Trumbly
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Kam C Yeung
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
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25
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Liu Z, Li W, Qin K, Wen K, Zhu CJ, Li NG, Bian HM, Wen HM, Chen L. Scaffold evaluation of liguzinediol analogs as novel cardiotonic agents. Pharmazie 2013; 68:926-932. [PMID: 24400437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Liguzinediol (LZDO) could mediate the positive inotropic effects through sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-dependent mechanism without the risk of arrhythmia. However, the pharmacophore of LZDO contributed to the activities was not clear. The aim of this work was to explore the relationship between positive inotropic effect and scaffold of LZDO as well as to check whether the pharmacophore of LZDO on anti-heart failure activity was located at the pyrazine ring. A series of LZDO analogs (3a-b, 4a-b, 9-19) were designed and synthesised, and their activities were evaluated on isolated heart contractility by Langendorff perfusion. The results showed that the efficacy of LZDO was reduced when the hydroxyl, carboxyl or ester moieties at the side chain position of LZDO were induced, and the para-dihydroxy in LZDO was necessary for its activity. Thus, the pharmacophore of the positive inotropic effect might be located at the whole scaffold of LZDO, but not at the pyrazine ring. The finding may provide an important clue of the pharmacophore for the development of novel cardiotonic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - W Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - K Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - K Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - C J Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - N G Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - H M Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - H M Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - L Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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26
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Wang K, Lu Y, Qin K, Luo G, Wang T. Generating Gas-Liquid-Liquid Three-Phase Microflows in a Cross-Junction Microchannel Device. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Qiu L, Zhang L, Zhu L, Yang D, Li Z, Qin K, Mi X. PI3K/Akt mediates expression of TNF-alpha mRNA and activation of NF-kappaB in calyculin A-treated primary osteoblasts. Oral Dis 2009; 14:727-33. [PMID: 19193202 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2008.01490.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effect of calyculin A (CA), a serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitor, on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in primary osteoblasts was investigated to determine whether protein phosphatases could affect primary osteoblasts and if so which signaling pathways would be involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary osteoblasts were prepared from newborn rat calvaria. Cells were treated with 1 nM CA for different time periods. The expressions of TNF-alpha and GAPDH mRNA were determined by RT-PCR. Cell extracts were subjected to SDS-PAGE and the activation of Akt and NF-kappaB were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS Calyculin A-treatment markedly increased the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA and enhanced the phosphorylation level of Akt (Ser473) in these cells. Pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 suppressed the increase in TNF-alpha mRNA expression and the phosphorylation of Akt in response to CA. Western blot analysis showed that CA stimulated the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB in primary osteoblasts, and these responses were blocked by pretreatment with LY294002. CONCLUSION Calyculin A elicits activation of PI3K/Akt pathway which leads to expression of TNF-alpha mRNA and activation of NF-kappaB. This NF-kappaB activation involves both phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qiu
- Department of Endodontics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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28
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Abstract
The skin locally synthesizes significant amounts of sexual hormones with intracrine or paracrine actions. The local level of each sexual steroid depends upon the expression of each of the androgen- and estrogen-synthesizing enzymes in each cell type, with sebaceous glands and sweat glands being the major contributors. Sebocytes express very little of the key enzyme, cytochrome P450c17, necessary for synthesis of the androgenic prohormones dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione, however, these prohormones can be converted by sebocytes and sweat glands, and probably also by dermal papilla cells, into more potent androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Five major enzymes are involved in the activation and deactivation of androgens in skin. Androgens affect several functions of human skin, such as sebaceous gland growth and differentiation, hair growth, epidermal barrier homeostasis and wound healing. Their effects are mediated by binding to the nuclear androgen receptor. Changes of isoenzyme and/or androgen receptor levels may have important implications in the development of hyperandrogenism and the associated skin diseases such as acne, seborrhoea, hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia. On the other hand, estrogens have been implicated in skin aging, pigmentation, hair growth, sebum production and skin cancer. Estrogens exert their actions through intracellular receptors or via cell surface receptors, which activate specific second messenger signaling pathways. Recent studies suggest specific site-related distribution of ERalpha and ERbeta in human skin. In contrast, progestins play no role in the pathogenesis of skin disorders. However, they play a major role in the treatment of hirsutism and acne vulgaris, where they are prescribed as components of estrogen-progestin combination pills and as anti-androgens. These combinations enhance gonadotropin suppression of ovarian androgen production. Estrogen-progestin treatment can reduce the need for shaving by half and arrest progression of hirsutism of various etiologies, but do not necessarily reverse it. However, they reliably reduce acne. Cyproterone acetate and spironolactone are similarly effective as anti-androgens in reducing hirsutism, although there is wide variability in individual responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Zouboulis
- Department of Dermatology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany.
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29
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Smith GJD, Fan XH, Wang J, Li KS, Qin K, Zhang JX, Vijaykrishna D, Cheung CL, Huang K, Rayner JM, Peiris JSM, Chen H, Webster RG, Guan Y. Emergence and predominance of an H5N1 influenza variant in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:16936-41. [PMID: 17075062 PMCID: PMC1636557 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608157103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses in poultry in Eurasia accompanied with the increase in human infection in 2006 suggests that the virus has not been effectively contained and that the pandemic threat persists. Updated virological and epidemiological findings from our market surveillance in southern China demonstrate that H5N1 influenza viruses continued to be panzootic in different types of poultry. Genetic and antigenic analyses revealed the emergence and predominance of a previously uncharacterized H5N1 virus sublineage (Fujian-like) in poultry since late 2005. Viruses from this sublineage gradually replaced those multiple regional distinct sublineages and caused recent human infection in China. These viruses have already transmitted to Hong Kong, Laos, Malaysia, and Thailand, resulting in a new transmission and outbreak wave in Southeast Asia. Serological studies suggest that H5N1 seroconversion in market poultry is low and that vaccination may have facilitated the selection of the Fujian-like sublineage. The predominance of this virus over a large geographical region within a short period directly challenges current disease control measures.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigenic Variation
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- China/epidemiology
- Evolution, Molecular
- Genetic Variation
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza in Birds/epidemiology
- Influenza in Birds/virology
- Influenza, Human/epidemiology
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Poultry/virology
- Selection, Genetic
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- G. J. D. Smith
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - X. H. Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - J. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - K. S. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - K. Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - J. X. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - D. Vijaykrishna
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - C. L. Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - K. Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - J. M. Rayner
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - J. S. M. Peiris
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - H. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
| | - R. G. Webster
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Y. Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
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30
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Chen H, Smith GJD, Li KS, Wang J, Fan XH, Rayner JM, Vijaykrishna D, Zhang JX, Zhang LJ, Guo CT, Cheung CL, Xu KM, Duan L, Huang K, Qin K, Leung YHC, Wu WL, Lu HR, Chen Y, Xia NS, Naipospos TSP, Yuen KY, Hassan SS, Bahri S, Nguyen TD, Webster RG, Peiris JSM, Guan Y. Establishment of multiple sublineages of H5N1 influenza virus in Asia: implications for pandemic control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2845-50. [PMID: 16473931 PMCID: PMC1413830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0511120103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 453] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparedness for a possible influenza pandemic caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A subtype H5N1 has become a global priority. The spread of the virus to Europe and continued human infection in Southeast Asia have heightened pandemic concern. It remains unknown from where the pandemic strain may emerge; current attention is directed at Vietnam, Thailand, and, more recently, Indonesia and China. Here, we report that genetically and antigenically distinct sublineages of H5N1 virus have become established in poultry in different geographical regions of Southeast Asia, indicating the long-term endemicity of the virus, and the isolation of H5N1 virus from apparently healthy migratory birds in southern China. Our data show that H5N1 influenza virus, has continued to spread from its established source in southern China to other regions through transport of poultry and bird migration. The identification of regionally distinct sublineages contributes to the understanding of the mechanism for the perpetuation and spread of H5N1, providing information that is directly relevant to control of the source of infection in poultry. It points to the necessity of surveillance that is geographically broader than previously supposed and that includes H5N1 viruses of greater genetic and antigenic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Chen
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G. J. D. Smith
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. S. Li
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
| | - J. Wang
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
| | - X. H. Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J. M. Rayner
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D. Vijaykrishna
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J. X. Zhang
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L. J. Zhang
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C. T. Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C. L. Cheung
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. M. Xu
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L. Duan
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. Qin
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y. H. C. Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W. L. Wu
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H. R. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y. Chen
- Research Center for Medical Molecular Virology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - N. S. Xia
- Research Center for Medical Molecular Virology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - T. S. P. Naipospos
- Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Health, Government of Indonesia, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12550, Indonesia
| | - K. Y. Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S. S. Hassan
- Veterinary Research Institute, 31 400 Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - S. Bahri
- Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Health, Government of Indonesia, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12550, Indonesia
| | - T. D. Nguyen
- **National Institute of Veterinary Research, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam; and
| | - R. G. Webster
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- **National Institute of Veterinary Research, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - J. S. M. Peiris
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y. Guan
- Joint Influenza Research Centre (Shantou University Medical College and Hong Kong University), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
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31
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Abstract
Conversion of normal cellular prion protein to the diseased form plays an essential role in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies such as mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. However, the normal physiological function of prion protein remains elusive. Doppel, a German synonym of double, was initially identified as a prion-like protein due to its structural and biochemical similarities. However, emerging evidence suggests that function of prion protein is more antagonistic to Doppel than synergistic. In this review, basic biochemical and structural similarities of prion protein and Doppel are introduced; evidence demonstrating antagonistic interaction of prion protein with Doppel is presented; and a potential novel activity of Doppel and prion protein in spermatogenesis, which could stimulate new avenues for research, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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32
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Qin K, Zhao L, Tang Y, Bhatta S, Simard JM, Zhao RY. Doppel-induced apoptosis and counteraction by cellular prion protein in neuroblastoma and astrocytes. Neuroscience 2006; 141:1375-88. [PMID: 16766127 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2006] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Expression of a prion-like protein, doppel, induces apoptosis-like changes in cerebellar neuronal granule and Purkinje cells of prion-knockout mice and this effect can be rescued by re-introduction of cellular prion. Since most of those studies were done in transgenic mice, in the present study, we have established a murine neuro-2a cell line and the primary rat adult reactive astrocyte model for studying doppel-induced apoptosis and possible prion counteraction. We demonstrate that expression of doppel in neuro-2a cells causes apoptosis, during which DNA fragmentation occurs as visualized by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling staining and other intracellular changes characteristic of apoptosis are observed in the electron microscope. Using immunoblot analyses, we further demonstrate that doppel expression activates caspase-10 as well as caspase-3, but does not activate caspase-9. Addition of purified doppel to cultures of neuro-2a cells and the primary astrocytes causes similar apoptotic changes. Significantly, apoptosis induced by doppel is enhanced when cellular prion protein is depleted by RNA interference, suggesting a protective effect of cellular prion against doppel-induced apoptosis. The antagonistic interaction between cellular prion and doppel appears to involve direct protein-protein interaction possibly on cell membrane as cellular prion and doppel physically interact with each other and co-localize on cell membranes. Together, our data show that doppel induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma neuro-2a and rat primary astrocytes via a caspase-10 mediated pathway and that this effect is counteracted by cellular prion through direct interaction with doppel possibly on cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 700A, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Joint Influenza Research Center (SUMC and HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, China
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34
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Liu J, Xiao H, Lei F, Zhu Q, Qin K, Zhang XW, Zhang XL, Zhao D, Wang G, Feng Y, Ma J, Liu W, Wang J, Gao GF. Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus infection in migratory birds. Science 2005; 309:1206. [PMID: 16000410 DOI: 10.1126/science.1115273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) has emerged as a pathogenic entity for a variety of species, including humans, in recent years. Here we report an outbreak among migratory birds on Lake Qinghaihu, China, in May and June 2005, in which more than a thousand birds were affected. Pancreatic necrosis and abnormal neurological symptoms were the major clinical features. Sequencing of the complete genomes of four H5N1 AIV strains revealed them to be reassortants related to a peregrine falcon isolate from Hong Kong and to have known highly pathogenic characteristics. Experimental animal infections reproduced typical highly pathogenic AIV infection symptoms and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
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35
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Chen J, Cynkowski T, Guo H, Qin K, Cabral-Lilly D, Walters K, Ashton P. Morphine pharmacokinetics following intra-articular administration of a novel sustained release opioid (CDS-PM-101) for the relief of post-operative orthopaedic pain. J Control Release 2005; 101:359-60. [PMID: 15822207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Control Delivery Systems, Inc., Watertown, MA 02472, USA
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37
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Qin K, Ren LM, Zhao D. Uridine triphosphate prolongs action potential duration of guinea pig papillary muscles via P2Y2 purinoceptors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:21-5. [PMID: 11730556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the electrophysiologic effects of uridine triphosphate (UTP) on the guinea pig papillary muscles in vitro and purinoceptors related with the action of UTP. METHODS Intracellular microelectrode method was used to record action potentials (AP) in guinea pig papillary muscles. RESULTS UTP, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) prolonged the action potential duration (APD) concentration dependently in guinea pig papillary muscles. The potency order was UTP=ATP > ADP. There was cross desensitization between the response to ATP and that to UTP, and neither Ado nor alpha, beta-MeATP caused great change in AP of the papillary muscles. The prolongation of APD by UTP was not affected by sustained perfusion with aminophylline. As an osmotic pressure control equivalent to UTP 3 mmol/L, ceftriaxonum 3 mmol/L or NaCl 9 mmol/L induced a marked but slight prolongation of APD. CONCLUSION UTP produced APD prolongation through specific and nonspecific actions, and the specific response to UTP was mediated by P2Y2 purinoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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38
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Abstract
The amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) is a principal component of insoluble amyloid plaques which are characteristic neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Abeta also exists as a normal soluble protein that undergoes a pathogenic transition to an aggregated, fibrous form. This transition can be affected by extraneous proteinaceous and nonproteinaceous elements, such as zinc ions, which may promote aggregation and/or stabilization of the fibrils. Protein chelation of zinc is typically mediated by histidines, cysteines and carboxylates. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Abeta-Zn2+ binding site is localized within residues 6-28 and that histidines may serve as the principal sites of interaction. To localize key residues within this region, a series of Abeta peptides (residues 1-28) were synthesized that contained systematic His/Ala substitutions. Circular dichroism and electron microscopy were used to monitor the effects of Zn2+ on the peptide beta-sheet conformation and fibril aggregation. Our results indicate that substitution of either His13 or His14 but not His6 eliminates the zinc-mediated effects. These observations indicate a specific zinc binding site within Abeta that involves these central histidine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Yang
- Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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39
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Silverman GL, Qin K, Moore RC, Yang Y, Mastrangelo P, Tremblay P, Prusiner SB, Cohen FE, Westaway D. Doppel is an N-glycosylated, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein. Expression in testis and ectopic production in the brains of Prnp(0/0) mice predisposed to Purkinje cell loss. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:26834-41. [PMID: 10842180 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m003888200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Prnd gene encodes a homolog of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) called doppel (Dpl). Up-regulation of Prnd mRNA in two distinct lines of PrP gene ablated (Prnp(0/0)) mice, designated Rcm0 and Ngsk, is associated with death of Purkinje cells. Using recombinant Dpl expressed in Escherichia coli and mouse neuroblastoma cells we demonstrate that wild type (wt) Dpl, like PrP(C), adopts a predominantly alpha-helical conformation, forms intramolecular disulfide bonds, has two N-linked oligosaccharides, and is presented on the cell surface via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. Dpl protein was detected in testis of wt mice. Using Triton X-114 phase partitioning to enrich for glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, Dpl was detected in brain samples from Rcm0 Prnp(0/0) mice but was absent in equivalent samples from wt mice and ZrchI Prnp(0/0) mice, indicating that ectopic expression of this protein may cause cerebellar pathology in Rcm0 mice. Biochemical and structural similarities between PrP(C) and Dpl documented here parallel the observation that ataxic Ngsk Prnp(0/0) mice can be rescued by overexpression of wild-type PrP transgenes, and suggest that cell surface PrP(C) can antagonize the toxic effect of Dpl expressed in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Silverman
- Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada and
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40
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Qin K, Yang DS, Yang Y, Chishti MA, Meng LJ, Kretzschmar HA, Yip CM, Fraser PE, Westaway D. Copper(II)-induced conformational changes and protease resistance in recombinant and cellular PrP. Effect of protein age and deamidation. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:19121-31. [PMID: 10858456 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.25.19121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
While PrP(C) rearranges in the area of codons 104-113 to form PrP(Sc) during prion infections, the events that initiate sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are undefined. As Cu(II) is a putative ligand for PrP(C) and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, we investigated the structural effects of binding. Incubation of brain microsomes with Cu(II) generated approximately 30-kDa proteinase K-resistant PrP. Cu(II) had little effect on fresh recombinant PrP23-231, but aged protein characterized by conversion of Asn-107 to Asp decreased alpha-helical content by approximately 30%, increased beta-sheet content 100%, formed aggregates, and acquired proteinase K resistance in the presence of Cu(II). These transitions took place without need for acid pH, organic solvents, denaturants, or reducing agents. Since conversion of Asn to Asp proceeds by a spontaneous pathway involving deamidation, our data suggest that covalent variants of PrP(C) arising in this manner may, in concert with Cu(II), generate PrP(Sc)-like species capable of initiating sporadic prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Qin
- Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medical Biophysics, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Modern Medicine Research Centre, Toronto, Ontario M 5S 3HS, Canada
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Brown DR, Qin K, Herms JW, Madlung A, Manson J, Strome R, Fraser PE, Kruck T, von Bohlen A, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Giese A, Westaway D, Kretzschmar H. The cellular prion protein binds copper in vivo. Nature 1997; 390:684-7. [PMID: 9414160 DOI: 10.1038/37783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 623] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The normal cellular form of prion protein (PrPC) is a precursor to the pathogenic protease-resistant forms (PrPSc) believed to cause scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Its amino terminus contains the octapeptide PHGGGWGQ, which is repeated four times and is among the best-preserved regions of mammalian PrPC. Here we show that the amino-terminal domain of PrPC exhibits five to six sites that bind copper (Cu(II)) presented as a glycine chelate. At neutral pH, binding occurs with positive cooperativity, with binding affinity compatible with estimates for extracellular, labile copper. Two lines of independently derived PrPC gene-ablated (Prnp0/0) mice exhibit severe reductions in the copper content of membrane-enriched brain extracts and similar reductions in synaptosomal and endosome-enriched subcellular fractions. Prnp0/0 mice also have altered cellular phenotypes, including a reduction in the activity of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and altered electrophysiological responses in the presence of excess copper. These findings indicate that PrPC can exist in a Cu-metalloprotein form in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Brown
- Department of Neuropathology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carani
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Modena, Italy
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43
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Simpson ER, Zhao Y, Agarwal VR, Michael MD, Bulun SE, Hinshelwood MM, Graham-Lorence S, Sun T, Fisher CR, Qin K, Mendelson CR. Aromatase expression in health and disease. Recent Prog Horm Res 1997; 52:185-213; discussion 213-4. [PMID: 9238853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Family 19 of the P450 superfamily is responsible for the conversion of C19 androgenic steroids to the corresponding estrogens, a reaction known as aromatization, since it involves conversion of the delta 4-3-one A-ring of the androgens to the corresponding phenolic A-ring characteristic of estrogens. Its members occur throughout the entire vertebrate phylum. The reaction mechanism of aromatase is very interesting from a chemical point of view and has been studied extensively; however, a detailed examination of structure-function relationships has not been possible due to lack of a crystal structure. Recent attempts to model the three-dimensional structure of aromatase have permitted a model that accounts for the reaction mechanism and predicts the location of aromatase inhibitors. The gene encoding human aromatase has been cloned and characterized and shown to be unusual compared to genes encoding other P450 enzymes, since there are a number of untranslated first exons that occur in aromatase transcripts in a tissue-specific fashion, due to differential splicing as a consequence of the use of tissue-specific promoters. Thus, expression in ovary utilizes a proximal promoter that is regulated primarily by cAMP. On the other hand, expression in placenta utilizes a distal promoter that is located at least 40 kb upstream of the start of transcription and that is regulated by retinoids. Other promoters are employed in brain and adipose tissue. In the latter case, class I cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-11 as well as TNF alpha are important regulatory factors. PGE2 is also an important regulator of aromatase expression in adipose mesenchymal cells via cAMP and PGE2 appears to be a major factor produced by breast tumors that stimulates estrogen biosynthesis in local mesenchymal sites. In all of the splicing events involved in the use of these various promoters, a common 3'-splice junction is employed that is located upstream of the start of translation; thus, the coding regions of the transcripts- and hence the protein-are identical regardless of the tissue site of expression; what differ in a tissue-specific fashion are the 5'-ends of the transcripts. This pattern of expression has great significance both from a phylogenetic and ontogenetic standpoint as well as for the physiology and pathophysiology of estrogen formation. Recently, a number of mutations of the aromatase gene have been described, which give rise to complete estrogen deficiency. In females this results in virilization in utero and primary amenorrhea with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism at the time of puberty. In men the most striking feature is continued linear bone growth beyond the time of puberty, delayed bone age, and failure of epiphyseal closure, thus indicating an important role of estrogens in bone metabolism in men. In both sexes the symptoms can be alleviated by estrogen administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Simpson
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9051, USA
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Abstract
We show that the spinning side-bands of protonated and non-protonated carbon atoms can be well separated by means of the standard SCP and LCPD experiments at a relatively slow sample spinning rate or at high magnetic field. These experiments offer a promising way of measuring the principal values of chemical shift anisotropies via spinning side-band analysis in a moderately complex system. General spectral editing in 13C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS) experiments at high field is achieved by incorporating the total side-band suppression (TOSS) pulse sequence into the standard series of spectral editing pulse sequences. It is confirmed that the relative signal intensity for a certain kind of functional group obtained at different polarization, polarization-inversion and depolarization times is about the same as that obtained at low magnetic field, and that the signal intensity distortion introduced by the TOSS sequence for resonances having different chemical shift anisotropies does not interfere with the spectral editing process. However, quantitative results can only be expected in those cases where full restoration of the intensity of the central band can be achieved by the TOSS sequence. This new strategy at high field is demonstrated by using fumaric acid monoethyl ester as a model compound. A typical application to a Chinese resin is presented, where the relative ratio of each functional group in the aliphatic portion to the total number of aliphatic carbon atoms is determined from only three experimental spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Hu
- Wuhan Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China
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Morishima A, Grumbach MM, Simpson ER, Fisher C, Qin K. Aromatase deficiency in male and female siblings caused by a novel mutation and the physiological role of estrogens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:3689-98. [PMID: 8530621 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aromatase enzyme complex catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens in a wide variety of tissues, including the ovary, testis, placenta, brain, and adipose tissue. Only a single human gene encoding aromatase P450 (CYP19) has been isolated; tissue-specific regulation is controlled in part by alternative promoters in a tissue-specific manner. We report a novel mutation in the CYP19 gene in a sister and brother. The 28-yr-old XX proband, followed since infancy, exhibited the cardinal features of the aromatase deficiency syndrome as recently defined. She had nonadrenal female pseudohermaphrodism at birth and underwent repair of the external genitalia, including a clitorectomy. At the age of puberty, she developed progressive signs of virilization, pubertal failure with no signs of estrogen action, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, polycystic ovaries on pelvic sonography, and tall stature. The basal concentrations of plasma testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were elevated, whereas plasma estradiol was low. Cyst fluid from the polycystic ovaries had a strikingly abnormal ratio of androstenedione and testosterone to estradiol and estrone. Hormone replacement therapy led to breast development, menses, resolution of ovarian cysts, and suppression of the elevated FSH and LH values. Her adult height is 177.6 cm (+2.5 SD). Her only sibling, an XY male, was studied at 24 yr of age. During both pregnancies, the mother exhibited signs of progressive virilization that regressed postpartum. The height of the brother was 204 cm (+3.7 SD) with eunuchoid skeletal proportions, and the weight was 135.1 kg (+2.1 SD). He was sexually fully mature and had macroorchidism. The plasma concentrations of testosterone (2015 ng/dL), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (125 ng/dL), and androstenedione (335 ng/dL) were elevated; estradiol and estrone levels were less than 7 pg/mL. Plasma FSH and LH concentrations were more than 3 times the mean value. Plasma PRL was low; serum insulin-like growth factor I and GH-binding protein were normal. The bone age was 14 yr at a chronological age of 24 3/12 yr. Striking osteopenia was noted at the wrist. Bone mineral densitometric indexes of the lumbar spine (cancellous bone) and distal radius (cortical bone) were consistent with osteoporosis; the distal radius was -4.7 SD below the mean value for age- and sex-matched normal men; indexes of bone turnover were increased. Hyperinsulinemia, increased serum total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morishima
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
The Mg(2+)-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatases, also known as type 2C phosphatases (PP2C), belong to a gene family distinct from the other serine/threonine phosphatases and tyrosine phosphatases. Here we report the purification to apparent homogeneity of a novel Mg(2+)-dependent, Ca(2+)-inhibitable serine/threonine protein phosphatase from bovine brain. It is a type 2C enzyme in view of its Mg2+ requirement, resistance to okadaic acid and calyculin A, inability to use phosphorylase alpha as substrate, and a segment of amino acid sequence typical of all PP2C type phosphatases known to date. However, it differs from the other PP2C enzymes, particularly the mammalian PP2C alpha and -beta isoforms, in that its molecular weight, 76,000, is considerably larger and that it is inhibited by Ca2+, NaF, and polycations, but not by orthovanadate. The Ca2+ inhibition may not be related to its cellular regulation because of Ki values in the 20-90 microM range, but this property permits distinction of this enzyme from the other phosphatases. Although the precise physiological role of this phosphatase is not yet known, its ability to dephosphorylate a wide variety of phosphoproteins and its broad distribution, as shown by a survey of mouse tissues for its activity, suggest that it may serve an important cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Glab WL, Qin K, Bistransin M. Rotational and vibrational interactions of singlet gerade Rydberg states of H2 near the ionization limit. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W. L. Glab
- Department of Physics, Texas Tech University, P.O. Box 41051, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - K. Qin
- Department of Physics, Texas Tech University, P.O. Box 41051, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - M. Bistransin
- Department of Physics, Texas Tech University, P.O. Box 41051, Lubbock, Texas 79409
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Abstract
Denervation of skeletal muscle results in dramatic remodeling of the cellular and molecular composition of the muscle connective tissue. This remodeling is concentrated in muscle near neuromuscular junctions and involves the accumulation of interstitial cells and several extracellular matrix molecules. Given the role of extracellular matrix in neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, we predict that this remodeling of the junctional connective tissue directly influences the regeneration of the neuromuscular junction. As one step toward understanding the role of this denervation-induced remodeling in synapse formation, we have begun to look for the signals that are involved in initiating the junctional accumulations of interstitial cells and matrix molecules. Here, the role of muscle inactivity as a signal was examined. The distributions of interstitial cells, fibronectin, and tenascin were determined in muscles inactivated by presynaptic blockade of muscle activity with tetrodotoxin. We found that blockade of muscle activity for up to 4 wk produced neither the junctional accumulation of interstitial cells nor the junctional concentrations of tenascin and fibronectin normally present in denervated frog muscle. In contrast, the muscle inactivity induced the extrajunctional appearance of two synapse-specific molecules, the acetylcholine receptor and a muscle fiber antigen, mAb 3B6. These results demonstrate that the remodeling of the junctional connective tissue in response to nerve injury is a unique response of muscle to denervation in that it is initiated by a mechanism that is independent of muscle activity. Thus connective tissue remodeling in denervated skeletal muscle may be induced by signals released from or associated with the nerve other than the evoked release of neurotransmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Connor
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003
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49
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Glab WL, Qin K. Stark mapping of H2 Rydberg states in the strong-field regime with dynamical resolution. Phys Rev A 1993; 48:4492-4499. [PMID: 9910154 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.48.4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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50
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Glab WL, Qin K. Dissociation and ionization of vibrationally autoionizing Rydberg states of H2 in a static electric field. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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