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Fernanda da Silva Roberto F, Difante GDS, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Rodrigues JG, de Gusmão Pereira M, Augusto de Araújo M, Freire Guidolin DG, Rodrigues da Silva H, Ribeiro NL. Hepatogenic photosensitization in lambs supplemented with different levels of extruded urea in Brachiaria spp. pastures in the Brazilian Cerrado: Case report. Toxicon 2024; 242:107692. [PMID: 38513828 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to report cases and risk factors for hepatogenous photosensitization in lambs kept on Brachiaria spp. pastures and supplemented with levels of extruded urea (EU). The herd consisted of 69 Texel crossbred lambs with known parentage (fathers and mothers adapted to the consumption of forage of the genus Brachiaria), randomly divided into 5 groups and distributed in individual paddocks for each group. The animals were supplemented with increasing levels of EU (Amireia® 200S): 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 g of EU per 100 kg-1 of body weight (BW). The concentration of protodioscin was estimated in the mixed pastures of Brachiaria spp. (cv. Marandu and cv. Basilisk), structural components (leaf, stem, and dead material), samples of each cultivar, and in the months of December (2018), February, and April (2019). The animals were examined daily, and when behavioral changes were identified, they underwent clinical examinations and anamnesis. Weighing was performed every 14 days, followed by necropsy and serum biochemical analysis, including gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). The highest concentrations of protodioscin (p < 0.0001) were found in the pastures used by animals supplemented without extruded urea (7.07 ± 0.56), in the Basilisk cultivar (11.35 ± 0.06), in the leaf blade components (2.08 ± 0.05), and thatch (2.20 ± 0.00), and in the month of April (7.34 ± 0.29) (the month with the lowest rainfall), respectively. Fourteen (20.29%) cases of photosensitization were observed in lambs, of which six recovered, and eight died. Serum GGT levels ranged from 42.2 to 225 IU/L; however, in animals that died, values ranged from 209.4 to 225 IU/L. The use of levels 12 g and 18 g per 100 kg-1 of body weight of extruded urea may contribute to the lower occurrence of photosensitization, as the animals selected pastures with lower protodioscin content, presenting a smaller number of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Gomes Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marislayne de Gusmão Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Augusto de Araújo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diego Gomes Freire Guidolin
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Hitalo Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Arcanjo AHM, Ítavo LCV, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, de Bonin Gomes MN, Nazário CED, Gurgel ALC, Dias-Silva TP, Santana JCS, da Silva MGP, de Aguiar Coelho F, Miranda EL, de Melo Soares ÉS, da Silva AH, da Silva LBP, Paro RGC. Carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore young bulls fed diet using cottonseed cake as a replacer of the forage fiber source. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8027. [PMID: 38580764 PMCID: PMC10997600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of substituting traditional forage fiber sources with cottonseed cake in the diet on both the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat in Nelore young bulls. Twenty-four Nelore steers starting with an average weight of 377.8 ± 43.5 kg, were individually housed in stalls and provided with individualized feeding over a 112-day confinement period. The study followed a completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications. The diets incorporated either whole plant corn silage (WPCS) and, cottonseed cake (CSC) as fiber sources, at a rate of 300 g/kg of dry matter. The CSC diet promoted higher carcass weight. Aging animal meat for seven days significantly decreased the shear force from 83.4 to 71.6 N. Although diets did not influence meat composition, WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of C16:1, C18:1n9c, C18:3n3, and C22:2 acid, and CSC diet higher concentrations of C15:0, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6c, and 20:3n3. The WPCS diet provided higher concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids and ω9, and the CSC diet had higher concentrations of ω6 and ω6:ω3 ratio in meat. Cottonseed cake used as a fiber source increases the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and ω6 fatty acids in the meat of young bulls finished in feedlot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- West Unit, Getúlio Vargas Experimental Field, Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | | | - Marina Nadai de Bonin Gomes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Flávio de Aguiar Coelho
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevão Lopes Miranda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Évelyn Silva de Melo Soares
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana Hellen da Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Laura Beatriz Perez da Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Goes Cardoso Paro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Farias de Souza Arco TF, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Almeida Borges FD, Zirondi Longhini V, de Melo Soares ES, Gonçalves Lino Borges D, Aparecida da Silva Miguel A, Godoy CD, Bernardo de Andrade P, Kelli Ayardes de Melo G. Effects of pasture management and supplementation on the productive performance of recently lambed ewes. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:110. [PMID: 38517584 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The hypothesis was tested that the performance of lactating ewes is affected by the supplementation level and pasture management. Two supplementation levels (0.5 and 1.0% of body weight, BW) and two pasture managements (mowed and non-mowed) were tested. Forty adult ewes (2 years old) with an average weight at lambing of 62.97 ± 7.0 kg (day 0) and an average the body condition score of 2.5 points (day 0) were evaluated. Verminosis was monitored with periodic deworming. The number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) of ewes at lambing was used as a covariate for performance assessments. Ewes lost an average of 7.5 kg over the 90 days post-partum (12% BW). The weaning rate was 53%. The body condition of the ewes was influenced by the post-partum period. The ewes mobilized their body reserves in the first 30 days of lactation. Mowing management negatively affected the nutritive value of the forage. Supplementation with 0.5% BW was sufficient for nutritional management post-partum. Pasture management (mowed vs. not mowed) cannot prevent post-partum weight loss. Supplementation levels and pasture management altered the morphological and chemical components of the pasture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Fernanda Farias de Souza Arco
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Fernando de Almeida Borges
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Silva de Melo Soares
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Dyego Gonçalves Lino Borges
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida da Silva Miguel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila de Godoy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Bernardo de Andrade
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
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Santana JCS, Difante GDS, Rodrigues JG, Pereira MDG, Fernandes HJ, Ítavo CCBF, Longhini VZ, Dias AM, Ítavo LCV. Mathematical models for predicting protodioscin in tropical forage grasses. Toxicon 2024; 240:107628. [PMID: 38278421 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Protodioscin is a saponin present in grasses that can lead to losses in animal production. Our hypothesis was that mathematical models can accurately and precisely predict the protodioscin concentration in tropical grasses. We evaluated the ability of four mathematical models to describe the protodioscin concentration in Brachiaria and Panicum cultivars with different regrowth periods. Six cultivars of Panicum: Aruana, Massai, Mombaça, Tanzânia, Tamani, and Zuri; and five of Brachiaria-grass: Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, Xaraés and Basilisk. Protodioscin concentration evaluations were carried out at 51, 84, 110, and 111 days of age. Linear, Quadratic, Exponential, and Logarithmic models were evaluated, and the adequacy of the models was verified. The models were compared for accuracy and precision by pairwise mean squared error analysis and the delta Akaike information criterion. The models did not differ from each other in terms of accuracy and precision. The exponential model showed a high ability to explain the observed variability between protodioscin concentration and plant age for Brachiaria grasses. Panicum grasses have constant protodioscin concentration. Mathematical models are capable of predicting the protodioscin concentration in grasses of the genus Brachiaria based on plant age. We recommend Exponential model to predict the concentration of protodioscin in Brachiaria grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gomes Rodrigues
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marislayne de Gusmão Pereira
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Henrique Jorge Fernandes
- Unidade Universitaria de Aquidauana, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Aquidauana, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, Brazil
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de Souza ZWG, da Silva MGP, Neves AP, de Araújo TLAC, Siqueira NMC, Amaral WA, Montagner DB, Ítavo LCV, Júnior VB, Marson B, de Nadai Bonin M, da Costa Gomes R. Association of rainfall pattern with the disappearance of mineral mixtures fed cattle managed on tropical pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:69. [PMID: 38319414 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between rainfall and the disappearance of mineral mixtures in the supplementation of cattle on pasture. Supplement consumption and rainfall data were obtained from five experiments carried out between 2016 and 2022. The experiments lasted from 84 to 126 days and had 12 to 18 paddocks formed by Brachiaria spp. under grazing by beef cattle (n = 544), receiving mineral supplementation. Supplement disappearance (SD), difference between the amount offered and leftovers (considering intake and losses) and precipitation (PR), was measured over periods of 14 to 21 days. The periods (n = 565) were classified as very dry, dry, normal, rainy, and very rainy, using the Quantis method. The number of rainy days (RD) and the average precipitation per RD (APRD) per period and the average body weight (BW) of the animals in the periods were also determined. Linear regression analyses assessed the association between BW, PR, RD, and APRD. The average PR in the periods studied was 68.5 mm, ranging from 0.00 to 160.3 mm. Each period had up to six RD, with up to 129.5 mm precipitated. The average BW was 270 kg, ranging from 208 to 335 kg and the average SD was 82.2 g/animal/day, ranging from 0.52 to 176.7 g/animal/day. Differences in RD and APRD are consistent across precipitation classes. In the regression analysis, the model with the highest coefficient of determination was the one that contained the linear and quadratic terms for the RD variable. Including linear and quadratic terms of all variables in a multiple regression represented more than half of the variation in the disappearance of the supplement (R2 = 0.5823). There is no clear relationship between the intensity of precipitation, reflected in the form of classes, and the disappearance of supplements offered to cattle on pasture since dry and very rainy periods can be equivalent. However, variables that characterize the precipitation pattern are more relevant than animal live weight to explain existing variations in supplement disappearance. Among them, the frequency with which precipitation occurs (number of rainy days in the period) seems to be more important than the precipitation rate itself, probably because it is related to the volume of precipitation accumulated in the period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zey Welington Gomes de Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Andrei Pereira Neves
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid km 380, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wallyson Almeida Amaral
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Marson
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal Ltda., Av. Mário Pedro Vercellino, 877, Jardim América, Boituva, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio de Nadai Bonin
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal Ltda., Av. Mário Pedro Vercellino, 877, Jardim América, Boituva, SP, Brazil
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Arcanjo AHM, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Longhini VZ, Cunha CS, Gurgel ALC, de Assis Lima E, Santana JCS, da Silva MGP. Nutrient intake, productive and metabolic parameters of Nellore bulls feed a forage free diet using cottonseed cake as a fiber source. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:55. [PMID: 38265728 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
We hypothesized that cottonseed cake in confined Nellore young bulls' diet as fiber source, could maintain or improve the nutrient intake, and productive and metabolic parameters. It was evaluated the total replacement of whole plant corn silage (WPCS) by cottonseed cake (CSC) as a source of fiber in the diet. A completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 replications was used. The treatments were two experimental diets containing 300 g/kg of WPCS or CSC as roughage. All animals at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 112 days were weighed to monitor productive performance and nutrient intake. Dry matter intakes, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrates of the WPCS treatment cattle were higher (p < 0.05), and the ethereal extract intake of cattle fed CSC diet was higher. The BW of cattle fed WPCS was higher in the two initial periods of confinement (p < 0.05). Animals from both treatments showed linear growth during the confinement period. There was a fiber source × period interaction for total weight gain (TWG), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) (p < 0.05), with the lowest in the first 15 days and the highest at 30 days, reflecting a compensatory gain in animals fed with CSC. Bulls fed with CSC showed negative TWG and ADG in the first period (p < 0.05), but recovered in the following periods, surpassing that of the SC treatment in the last two periods. There was negative EF of bulls fed with CSC in the first period (P < 0.05), but in the following periods the CSC diet did not differ from the WPCS diet. The animals fed CSC diet showed a higher concentration of cholesterol and glucose in the blood plasma (p < 0.05). The forage-free diet containing cottonseed cake as a source of fiber replacing corn silage promoted better animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Soares Cunha
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo de Assis Lima
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Caroline Santos Santana
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande-MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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de Figueiredo Moura JR, Ítavo LCV, Gurgel ALC, Ítavo CCBF, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Longhini VZ, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Dos Santos GT, Arcanjo ÂHM, Chay-Canul AJ. Prediction models of carcass characteristics from non‑castrated Nellore cattle finished in the feedlot system under tropical conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:427. [PMID: 38041713 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to use measures of intake and productive performance to adjust prediction models for the carcass traits of non-castrated Nellore cattle finished in a feedlot. Individual data from 168 non-castrated male Nellore steers finished in feedlot between the years 2016-2021 were used. Descriptive statistical analyzes and Pearson correlation coefficients were performed. The outliers were tested by evaluating the studentized residuals in relation to the values predicted by the equations. Residues that were outside the range of -2.5 to 2.5 were removed. The goodness of fit of the developed equations was evaluated by the coefficients of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Models for carcass yield, subcutaneous fat thickness, ribeye area, and shear force were adjusted. Means of 53.5% carcass yield, 4.8 mm subcutaneous fat thickness, 73 cm2 loin eye area, and 8.1 kg shear force were observed. The observed average intakes were 9.9 kg/day of dry matter, 3.3 kg/day of neutral detergent fiber content, 1.5 kg/day of crude protein, and 7.1 kg/day of total digestible nutrients. The average confinement time was 113 days, the average total weight gain was 152.2 kg and the average daily gain was 1.35 kg/day. Intake measures significantly correlated with shear force and subcutaneous fat thickness and ribeye area. Carcass yield was significantly correlated with total weight gain, feedlot time, and hot carcass weight. Measures of nutrient intake, performance, and confinement time can be used as predictors of carcass yield, ribeye area, fat thickness, and shear force of non-castrated Nellore cattle finished in a feedlot. The prediction equations for ribeye area, carcass yield, subcutaneous fat thickness, and shear force showed sufficient precision and accuracy for non-castrated Nellore cattle finished in confinement systems under tropical conditions. All equations can be used with caution to estimate carcass traits of cattle finished in a feedlot using measures of intake and productive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Rodrigues de Figueiredo Moura
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
| | | | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Ângelo Herbert Moreira Arcanjo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443. Cidade Universitária. CEP, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Alfonso Juventino Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidade Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, 86280, México
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Ítavo LCV, Gurgel ALC, Ferreira Ítavo CCB, Cunha CS, Longhini VZ, Difante GDS, Dias AM, Santana JCS, Arcanjo AHM, Niwa MVG, Nonato LM, Tadeu dos Santos G, Chay-Canul AJ. In Vitro Digestibility and Models of Cumulative Gas Production of Forage-Free Diet. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3515. [PMID: 38003133 PMCID: PMC10668660 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objectives were to evaluate the use of cottonseed cake in replacing corn silage in a diet without forage and to identify the model with higher precision and accuracy of adjustment of parameters of ruminal degradation kinetics. A diet containing corn silage and another with cottonseed cake as a fiber source were formulated. Gompertz, Dual-pool Logistic, Brody, and Ørskov models were evaluated for goodness of fit to gas production. There were significant differences in dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in the in vitro digestibility for diets and fiber sources. The estimated values of the Gompertz (6.77), Brody (6.72), and Ørskov (6.73) models were similar to the observed mean of gas production in the corn silage diet (6.73 mL/100 mg DM). Similarly, the estimated values of the Brody (5.87) and Ørskov (5.89) models were similar to the observed mean of gas production in the cottonseed cake diet (5.87 mL/100 mg DM). The roughage-free diet containing cottonseed cake as a fiber source stimulated higher gas production. Brody and Ørskov models presented higher precision and accuracy in the fitting of kinetics of degradation independent of the fiber source in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Camila Soares Cunha
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Gelson dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Juliana Caroline Santos Santana
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (A.L.C.G.); (C.C.B.F.Í.); (C.S.C.); (V.Z.L.); (G.d.S.D.); (A.M.D.); (J.C.S.S.); (A.H.M.A.); (M.V.G.N.); (L.M.N.); (G.T.d.S.)
| | - Alfonso Juventino Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86025, Mexico;
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de Lima Guimarães Yamada K, Dos Santos GT, Damasceno JC, de Almeida KV, Osorio JAC, Lourenço JCS, Gurgel ALC, Dias-Silva TP, de Araújo MJ, Ítavo LCV, Benchaar C. Effects of heat-stress-reducing systems on blood constituents, milk production and milk quality of Holstein and Jersey cows and heifers on pasture. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:386. [PMID: 37907781 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different heat-stress-reducing systems, i.e., sprinkler + artificial shade, shower + artificial shade, and artificial shade, on serum mineral, hormonal, hematological, and metabolite profiles, on milk production, and milk composition in lactating cows and pubertal heifers of Holstein and Jersey breeds. For this purpose, 12 animals were used: 3 Holstein cows with an average (mean ± SD) body weight of 600 ± 30 kg, 53 ± 11 months of age, and milk yield of 27 ± 3.5 kg/day; 3 Jersey cows with an average body weight of 370 ± 11 kg, 40 ± 6 months of age, and milk production of 11 ± 1.5 kg/day; 3 Holstein heifers (325 ± 25 kg and 16 ± 0.6 months of age); and 3 Jersey heifers (250 ± 25 kg and 13 ± 0.6 months of age). Animals were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments that included three treatments (sprinkler + artificial shade, shower + artificial shade, and artificial shade), two breeds (Holstein, Jersey), and two physiological stages (lactating cows, heifers). The experimental treatments influenced (P < 0.05) the concentrations of triiodothyronine, with the shower and shade systems showing greater and similar concentrations (99.5 and 96.3 µg/dL, respectively) when compared with sprinkler treatment (89.2 µg/dL). There was an effect (P < 0.05) of breed on the concentrations of Na + , K + , hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume levels with the Holsteins having lower levels of Na + , K + , hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume (101.1, 4.0 ng/mL, 11.2 g/dL, 24.7%, and 42.3 μm3, respectively) than the Jerseys (106.5 and 4.3 ng/mL, 12.4 g/dL, 27.7%, and 46.3 μm3, respectively. Total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins were influenced by physiological stage (P < 0.05). Concentrations of cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins were higher for cows (94.1, and 56.9 mg/dL, respectively) than for heifers (56.9 and 42,9 mf/dL, respectively). Milk production and fat content were affected (P < 0.05) by breed (P < 0.05), with Holstein cows producing more milk (23.9 kg/day) than Jersey cows (12.0 kg/day), but Jersey cows had higher fat concentration (4.6%) than Holstein cows (3.0%). Therefore, the three different thermal-stress-reducing-systems tested were able to maintain the serum biomarkers within normal physiological ranges. However, the most appropriate thermal-stress-reducing-systems would be a sprinkler systema because it uses less water compared with the shower system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Júlio César Damasceno
- Department of Animal Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Jácome de Araújo
- Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí, 64900-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Chaouki Benchaar
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 1Z3, Canada
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Paranhos da Silva MG, Pereira Neves A, Baptaglin Montagner D, Vinhas Ítavo LC, de Nadai Bonin M, Marson B, da Costa Gomes R. Powder and agglomerated free-choice minerals for grazing cattle: animal responses and chemical and physical alterations of the mineral mixture. Arch Anim Nutr 2023; 77:403-419. [PMID: 38009002 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2023.2281809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the animal response and the chemical and physical changes of free-choice mineral mixtures fed to grazing cattle. Growing beef cattle were fed either powder (POW) or agglomerated (AGL) mineral mixtures in three different experiments (Exp.), carried out in pastures of Brachiaria grass. In Exp. 1 and 2, the mineral mixtures were disposed in unsheltered troughs (POWun vs. AGLun), being delivered once (D0, Exp.1) or twice (D0 and D8, Exp. 2), throughout 14-day periods. In Exp. 3, POWun and AGLun were additionally compared to POW in sheltered troughs (POWshe), and the mineral mixtures were disposed in D0, throughout 21-day periods. Non-consumed supplement was removed and sampled on D14 (Exp. 1 and 2) or D21 (Exp. 3). Evaluations included average daily body weight gain (ADG), daily disappearance of the supplement (DSD), penetration force of the supplement mass, faecal chemical composition and serum levels of Ca, P and Mg. In Exp. 1, no effects were observed on ADG and faecal mineral concentrations, however, changes in mineral concentrations and a 40% reduction in Na concentration in the supplement were observed, compared to the initial concentration. AGLun had a lower penetration force. In Exp. 2, there were no effects on DSD and faecal mineral concentrations. POWun showed a smaller reduction in Na content compared to AGLun, and AGLun showed lower penetration force. In Exp. 3, the treatments did not affect ADG, but there was a trend towards higher DSD and serum phosphorus (P) concentration for AGLun (p = 0.08). Higher faecal Na concentration was observed for AGLun and higher Na concentration occurred in non-consumed mixture of POWshe. Mineral supplements offered in uncovered troughs showed altered chemical and physical characteristics, with possible effects on supplement intake. However, the general changes are unlikely to alter animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Marson
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal, Boituva, Brasil
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de Melo GKA, Ítavo CCBF, Ítavo LCV, Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos Difante G, Longhini VZ, Dias AM, de Melo Soares ES, da Silva Heimbach N, da Silva PCG, de Souza Arco TFF, da Silva JA, Ferelli KLSM, da Silva Miguel AA, de Godoy C, de Andrade PB. Mathematical models to predict the lamb weight at birth and at weaning reared in the tropical warm-climate pasture. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:330. [PMID: 37749453 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the productive parameters of ewes and their lambs in relation to ewe age and to develop models for predicting lamb weight at birth and weaning in a tropical warm-climate pasture. Individual data were collected from 273 ewes and 273 lambs, between 2013 and 2021. During this period all animals were kept on pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu All lambs in the experiments were supplemented in creep-feeding. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the PROC SUMMARY procedure in SAS (SAS University Edition, SAS Institute Inc. Cary, CA, USA). Pearson correlation coefficients between variables were estimated using the PROC CORR procedure in SAS (SAS University Edition, SAS Institute Inc. Cary, CA, USA). Model adjustments and variable selection were performed using PROC REG in SAS (SAS University Edition, SAS Institute Inc. Cary, CA, USA). The STEPWISE option and Mallow's C(p) were used to select the variables included in the equations. Outliers were identified by evaluating the studentized residuals based on the predicted values from the equations. Residual analysis was predicted by regression minus observed values and those that fell outside the range of -2.5 to 2.5 were removed. Several statistics were used to assess the predictability of the equations, including the coefficients of determination (r2) and mean standard error (RMSE). The average ewe age at lambing was 3.4 ± 1.7 years, with an average weight of 56.9 ± 8,9 kg and average body condition score (BCS) of 2,4 ± 0.8 points. The average ewe age at weaning was 51.1 ± 7.9, with average BCS of 1.8 ± 0.8 points. The average lamb at birthing was 3.9 ± 0.9 kg. The average lamb at weaning was 21.0 ± 4.9, with daily gain of 0.2 ± 0.1 kg/day and total gain of 17.1 ± 4.7 kg birth to weaning. The lamb produced by ewe at lambing was 5.3 ± 1.7 kg/ewe. The lamb weaned by ewe at weaning was 28.7 ± 10.8 kg/ewe. The ratios of lamb produced per ewe at birth and at weaning were 0.1 ± 0.03 and 0.6 ± 0.2, respectively. The lamb's birth weight showed a positive linear relationship with the age of the ewe, increasing by 115 g per year of age. The regression equations adjusted for ewe age had maximum points ranging from 4.2 to 5.2, occurring at average age of 4,7 years. The other characteristics showed a quadratic tendency. The results suggest the culling of ewes at five years of age to generate lambs with ideal weight at birth and at weaning raised in warm tropical pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Silva de Melo Soares
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pâmila Carolini Gonçalves da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Farias de Souza Arco
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Jonilson Araújo da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Kedma Leonora Silva Monteiro Ferelli
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida da Silva Miguel
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila de Godoy
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Bernardo de Andrade
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
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Floriano da Silva LC, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Martins Santos R, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Zirondi Longhini V, Menezes Dias A, dos Santos Difante G, Moreira Arcanjo AH, Santos Santana JC, Gurgel ALC, de Oliveira Scarpino van Cleef F. Urban sewage sludge stabilization by alkalization-composting-vermicomposting process: Crop-livestock residue use. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289362. [PMID: 37676872 PMCID: PMC10484420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste management practices are vital for human health and the environment in a world where natural resources stress is expected to increase with the growth of population. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential use of crop-livestock residue as a bulking agent associated with the ideal level of hydrated lime for the stabilization and sanitization of urban sewage sludge through the alkalization-composting process. Therefore, we determined the alkalization efficiency on the heavy metal concentration in urban sewage sludge, quantified the viable eggs of helminths in pure and alkalized sludge, and measured the rate of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) surviving in the vermicomposting process using different levels of alkalized urban sewage sludge associated with crop-livestock residue. Four sequential trials were carried out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The lime alkalization reduced the levels of Ba, As, Pb, Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni, and Zn compared to the pure urban sewage sludge. Using 30% w/w of lime in the urban sewage sludge (SS-30) for composting process reduced the viable helminth eggs by 71, 72, and 69% for sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum; SB), fresh chopped Napier-grass (Pennisetum purpureum; NG), and bovine ruminal content (BR), respectively. The ideal level of hydrated lime for stabilization and sanitization of urban sewage sludge was found to be 30%, which was able to reduce the heavy metals. The residues have the potential as a bulking agent for the composting of urban sewage sludge when associated with alkalization. The lime alkalization decreases the total number of helminth eggs and the number of viable eggs. The possibility of starting a vermicomposting using the mixtures is promising, evidenced by the earthworm survival in composting urban sewage sludge mixed with crop-livestock residues after 45 days of composting. The earthworm survival is maintained by an association of at least 80% of the crop-livestock residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gelson dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Juliana Caroline Santos Santana
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
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Niwa MVG, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Mateus RG, da Costa Gomes R, de Melo HSA, Nonato LM, de Moraes GJ, de Aquino Monteiro GO, Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos GT. Ruminal responses, digestibility, and blood parameters of beef cattle fed diets with different oilseeds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:254. [PMID: 37392276 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
It aimed to evaluate the effects of different whole oilseeds in lipid-rich diets on nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, ingestive behavior, and ruminal and blood parameters of steers. A control diet (without oilseed) and four diets containing whole oilseeds (cotton, canola, sunflower, and soybean) were tested. All diets used the whole-plant corn silage at 400 g/kg as roughage. Five diets, being a control diet (without oilseed) and four diets containing whole oilseeds (cotton, canola, sunflower, and soybean), were tested. All diets used the whole-plant corn silage at 400 g/kg as roughage. Five rumen fistulated crossbreed steers, in a 5 × 5 Latin square design were distributed using five periods of 21 days. The steers fed cottonseed and canola diets had lower dry matter intakes (6.6 kg/day). Steers showed higher averages of time in rumination for treatments with sunflower, soybean, and cottonseed (406, 362, and 361 min/day, respectively). There was no treatment effect for the ruminal pH and ammonia (NH3) variables. There was an effect of the treatment on the volatile fatty acid concentrations. The animals that received soybean showed a higher plasma urea concentration (50.7 mg/dL). Animals fed the control diet showed lower serum cholesterol levels (111.8 mg/dL) than those fed diets containing whole cottonseed, canola, sunflower, and soybean (152.7, 137.1, 146.9, and 138.2 mg/dL, respectively). We recommended using whole soybean or sunflower seeds to formulate lipid-rich diets with 70 g/kg of ether extract for crossbreed steers in the feedlot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rodrigo da Costa Gomes
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, 79106-550, Brazil
| | - Hilda Silva Araújo de Melo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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14
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Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Longhini VZ, Dos Santos Difante G, Dias AM, de Souza Leal E, da Silva MGP, da Silva AH, da Silva LBP, Paro RGC, de Araújo MJ, Silva TPD, Gurgel ALC. Effects of extruded urea levels on the productive performance and carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:247. [PMID: 37351642 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Because the non-protein nitrogen sources can be an option for a ruminant diet to replace true-protein sources, we hypothesized that using extruded urea in increasing levels by reducing soybean meal in the diet can maintain or improve the productive performance of beef cattle in a feedlot. It was aimed to evaluate the effects of extruded urea levels on the productive performance and carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore steers in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore steers, with an average age of 22 months and an average initial weight of 333.5 kg, were used. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: 50, 60, 70, and 80 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea. There was no effect of extruded urea levels on nutrient intake. The final weight and average daily gain were adjusted by a quadratic equation, with maximum estimated values of 479.18 kg and 1.02 kg/day with the inclusion of 59.71, 54.14, and 54.16 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea, respectively. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of extruded urea levels on hot carcass weight (233.3 kg), carcass yield (53.2%), ribeye area (72.7 cm2), and subcutaneous fat thickness (5.3 mm). Likewise, there was no effect (P > 0.05) of extruded urea levels on meat chemical composition, shear force (8.9 KgF), cooking losses (28.2%), pH (5.6), and meat color parameters. We recommended the use of 70 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea in the diet for finishing Nellore steers in confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Leal
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Hellen da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Beatriz Perez da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Goes Cardoso Paro
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Jácome de Araújo
- Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal Do Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí, 64900-000, Brazil
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15
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Niwa MVG, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Longhini VZ, da Costa Gomes R, Vedovatto M, Gurgel ALC, de Moraes GJ, de Aquino Monteiro GO. Effect of physically effective neutral detergent fiber on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal and blood parameters, and ingestive behavior of confined beef cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:224. [PMID: 37222852 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of levels of physically effective neutral detergent fiber from forage (NDFfor) on confined cattle's metabolism and ingestive behavior. Four crossbred steers (514.0 ± 4.54 kg BW) rumen-cannulated were used. The animals were randomly distributed in a 4×4 Latin square design, and the treatments were diets with 9.5%, 5.5%, 2.5%, and 0.0% NDF from whole plant corn silage. The trial was divided into 4 periods of 21 days. The dry matter, organic matter (OM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), physically effective NDF 8mm (peNDF8mm) and NDF1.18mm intakes, and the digestibility of OM and NDF showed a quadratic behavior. The rumen pH values showed a decreasing linear, and the time at pH below 5.8 increased linearly in the diets with lower NDFfor. The production of volatile fatty acids and the proportions of propionate and butyrate showed an increasing quadratic behavior. On the other hand, the proportion of acetate fitted a decreasing quadratic equation. With the lower participation of forage in the diets, the time spent on rumination activity decreased in a quadratic way, and the time spent in idleness increased in a quadratic way. The corn silage can be reduced to 135 g/kg DM in the diet to obtain a minimum of 5.5% of NDF from roughage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Gomes
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, 79106-550, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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16
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Ramos-Zapata R, Dominguez-Madrigal C, García-Herrera RA, Camacho-Perez E, Lugo-Quintal JM, Tyasi TL, Gurgel ALC, Ítavo LCV, Chay-Canul AJ. Predicting live weight using body volume formula in lactating water buffalo. J DAIRY RES 2023:1-4. [PMID: 37139948 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029923000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Live weight (LW) is an important piece of information within production systems, as it is related to several other economic characteristics. However, in the main buffalo-producing regions in the world, it is not common to periodically weigh the animals. We develop and evaluate linear, quadratic, and allometric mathematical models to predict LW using the body volume (BV) formula in lactating water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) reared in southeastern Mexico. The LW (391.5 ± 138.9 kg) and BV (333.62 ± 58.51 dm3) were measured in 165 lactating Murrah buffalo aged between 3 and 10 years. The goodness-of-fit of the models was evaluated using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), coefficient of determination (R2), mean-squared error (MSE) and root MSE (RMSE). In addition, the developed models were evaluated through cross-validation (k-folds). The ability of the fitted models to predict the observed values was evaluated based on the RMSEP, R2, and mean absolute error (MAE). LW and BV were significantly positively and strongly correlated (r = 0.81; P < 0.001). The quadratic model had the lowest values of MSE (2788.12) and RMSE (52.80). On the other hand, the allometric model showed the lowest values of BIC (1319.24) and AIC (1313.07). The Quadratic and allometric models had lower values of MSEP and MAE. We recommend the quadratic and allometric models to predict the LW of lactating Murrah buffalo using BV as a predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remedio Ramos-Zapata
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Camila Dominguez-Madrigal
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Ricardo-A García-Herrera
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | | | | | - Thobela Louis Tyasi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, Limpopo, South Africa
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Alfonso Juventino Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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17
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de Melo Medina LC, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Gurgel ALC, Nonato LM, Arcanjo AHM, da Silva Zornitta C, de Oliveira Monteiro PE, da Silva AP. Sequential use of nutritional additives in diets for finishing Nellore steers in confinement. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:151. [PMID: 37020060 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effect of using prebiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii) or Monensin in the confinement initial phase and replacing monensin with probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis) in the final phase. Forty-eight Nellore steers were used, with an initial mean body weight of 356.2 ± 17.98 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. Two animals per pen were confined in 80 m2 pens. The experiment was divided into two stages. The first phase lasted from day 1 to the 30th day, during which the animals were divided into two groups of 24 animals each. The treatments were the nutritional additives added to the diet: monensin or prebiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii). In the second phase, each group was subdivided into 12 animals by treatment, which received monensin or probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis). Dry matter intake (DMI), animal performance, and economic evaluation of the use of additives were evaluated. There was no additive effect on DMI, average daily gain, and total weight gain of the animals in the first experimental stage (0-30th day). Likewise, in the second stage (31st-100th day), there was no treatment effect for the variables of intake and performance. There was no effect of the use of different nutritional additives on carcass characteristics. The use of prebiotics sequentially to probiotics promoted gross and net yield that was superior to that of the animals that consumed monensin. Yeasts and bacteria respectively in the first and second phases of confinement can replace monensin in confinement diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Cláudio de Melo Medina
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Zornitta
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira Monteiro
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Amarildo Pedro da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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18
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Gomes ENO, Dias AM, Junges L, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Difante GDS, Batistoti JO. Influencia de los intervalos de corte en la calidad del heno de Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani en el Cerrado brasileño. REV MEX CIENC PECU 2023. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v14i2.5356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The grass Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani is a hybrid high-quality, small-sized forage plant with intense tillering activity. This study was carried out to examine the potential of the grass Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani at different regrowth ages (49, 63, 77, and 91 d) for hay production, in the rainy period. The experiment was conducted at the Farm School of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-Brazil, between October 2015 and April 2016. The treatments corresponded to four regrowth ages, with four replicates, distributed into 9 m2 plots. Regrowth ages influenced the morphogenetic characteristics of the grass, except for leaf senescence and final leaf length. Green (9.6–17.6 t ha-1) and dry-matter (2.6–5.9 t ha-1) yields, hay yield (3.4-6.9 t ha-1), and proportions of stem (91.6–455.9 g kg-1) and senescent material (34.8–98.4 g kg-1) increased with the regrowth ages, while the proportion of leaves (837.7-402.1 g kg-1) and the leaf: stem ratio (15.9–0.9) decreased (P<0.05). The dry matter (881.7–852.8 g kg-1) and protein contents (81.2–47.6 g kg-1) of the hay decreased with the higher regrowth ages; however, the neutral detergent fibre (746.5–759.2 g kg-1) acid detergent fibre (519.8–567.7 g kg-1) and lignin (74.3–86.4 g kg-1) contents rose as the regrowth ages did. Nutrient digestibility decreased with the regrowth ages (P<0.05). Panicum maximum cv. BRS Tamani has the potential to produce of hay ha-1, better nutritive value and a high proportion of leaves in the regrowth interval of 49 to 63 d.
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Ruiz-Ramos J, Torres-Chable OM, Peralta-Torres JA, Ojeda-Robertos NF, Luna-Palomera C, Portillo-Salgado R, Tyasi TL, Gurgel ALC, Ítavo LCV, Chay-Canul AJ. Estimation of body weight using body measurements in female water buffaloes reared in southeastern Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:137. [PMID: 36995455 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Buffalo farming is an important livestock activity in Mexico. However, the low technological level of the farms makes it difficult to monitor the growth rates of the animals. The objectives of this study were to analyse the body measurements of 107 adult female Murrah buffaloes, to estimate the interrelationships between those measurements and body weight, and to develop equations to predict body weight (BW) using body measurements including withers at height (WH), rump height (RH), body height (BH), heart girth (HG), abdominal girth (AG), pelvic girth (PG), body length (BL), girth circumference (GC), diagonal body length (DBL), pelvic circumference (PC), and abdomen circumference (AC). The study was conducted on two commercial farms in southern Mexico. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression techniques were used for the data analysis. To find out the best regression models, we used model quality criteria such as coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted R2 (Adj.R2), root mean square error (RMSE), Mallow's Cp, Akaike's information criteria (AIC), Bayesian information criteria (BIC), and coefficient of variation (CV). Correlation results indicated that BW had a positive high correlation (P < 0.01) of all the measured traits. Model 4 (-780.56 + 311.76GC + 383.51DBL + 51.82PC + 47.65AC-106.78BL) was the best regression model with a higher R2 (0.87), Adj. R2 (0.86) smaller Cp (4.24), AIC (749.19), BIC (752.16), and RMSE (36.91). The current study suggests that GC, DBL, PC, AC, and BL might be used in combination to estimate BW of adult female Murrah buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ruiz-Ramos
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Oswaldo M Torres-Chable
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Jorge A Peralta-Torres
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Nadia F Ojeda-Robertos
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Carlos Luna-Palomera
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Rodrigo Portillo-Salgado
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Thobela Louis Tyasi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production, University of Limpopo, Limpopo, South Africa
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brasil
| | - Alfonso J Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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de Figueiredo Moura JR, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Dos Santos GT, Gurgel ALC, Chay-Canul AJ. Prediction models of intake and productive performance of non-castrated Nellore cattle finished in the feedlot system under tropical conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:64. [PMID: 36735099 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to understand and predict the intake and performance of Nellore cattle finished in the feedlot. Individual data from 144 non-castrated male Nellore steers finished in the feedlot between the years 2016 and 2020 were used. Descriptive statistical analyses and Pearson's correlation were performed. The outliers were tested by evaluating the studentized residuals in relation to the values predicted by the equations. Residues that were outside the range of - 2.5 to 2.5 were removed. The goodness of fit of the developed equations was evaluated by the coefficients of determination (r2) and root mean square error (RMSE). The mean dry matter intake (DMI) was 10.2 kg/day, neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI) was 3.4 kg/day, corresponding to 33.3% of DMI, crude protein intake (CPI) was 1.6 kg/day, and total digestible nutrient intake (TDNI) was 7.1 kg/day. The CPI to ADG ratio was 1.3 kg CPI/kg ADG and the TDNI to CPI ratio was 4.5 kg TDNI/kg CPI. The averages of productive performance were 1.3 kg/day for average daily gain (ADG), 152.6 kg for total weight gain (TWG), and 497.8 kg for final body weight (FBW) in average days in the confinement of 115.7 days. The intake measures correlated significantly with the performance measures, except for carcass yield and days in the feedlot. TWG had a high positive correlation with ADG (r = 0.84), while FBW had a positive correlation (r = 0.86) with hot carcass weight (HCW). Measures of intake, performance, and days in the feedlot can be used as predictors of DMI, FBW, HCW, TWG, and ADG. The prediction equations had satisfactory precision and accuracy for non-castrated Nellore cattle finished in feedlot systems under tropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alfonso Juventino Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 86280, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
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21
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Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos Difante G, Neto JVE, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Costa CM, Dos Santos GT, Chay-Canul AJ. Prediction of weaning weight in Santa Inês lambs using the body volume formula. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 55:29. [PMID: 36574109 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Weaning weight (WW) is one of the most important information within production systems, as it is a reflection of management during the breastfeeding phase and will influence the performance of animals in subsequent phases. This study aimed to develop and evaluate linear, quadratic, and exponential models to predict WW using the body volume (BV) formula in Santa Inês lambs for meat. Eighty-five lambs at 90 days of age with WW 17.52 ± 3.79 kg and BV 13.29 ± 2.86 dm3 were evaluated. The quality of fit of the models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root MSE (RMSE). For the external evaluation of the models, an independent dataset from 43 lambs at 90 days of age was used. The first-degree linear model showed the lowest values of MSE (1.02) and RMSE (1.01). In the external evaluation, all models exhibited estimates of mean WW and standard deviation of this weight similar to the external dataset, as well as high values (above 0.89) for the R2 of predicted vs. observed data. Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) analysis also revealed that all models showed accuracy and precision (CCC > 0.90). There was no difference between the models in terms of accuracy (P > 0.05). The comparison in terms of precision indicated that the linear model is more precise than the exponential model and that the quadratic model is as precise as the linear model. The first-degree linear model should be used due to its simplicity of interpretation and ease of estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alfonso Juventino Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
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22
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Chaves Gurgel AL, Difante GDS, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Emerenciano Neto JV, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Bezerra Fernandes P, Marques Costa C, Da Silva Roberto FF, Chay-Canul AJ. Aspectos relacionados con la importancia del uso de modelos predictivos en la producción ovina. Revisión. REV MEX CIENC PECU 2022. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v14i1.6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep production systems face numerous challenges, which make decision-making a process fraught with risks and uncertainties. Modelling is a helpful tool in this respect, as it allows decision-makers to evaluate the behaviour of variables and their interrelationships, in addition to using previous or related information to predict results and simulate different scenarios. The advent of prediction models has made it possible to monitor the weight of an animal and determine the best time for its sale. Additionally, it allows producers to estimate the weights of the carcass and major marketable cuts before slaughter. All this information is directly associated with the profitability and success of the production activity. Therefore, in view of the different applications of mathematical models in production systems, this literature review examines concepts in modelling studies and the importance of using prediction models in meat sheep production. Furthermore, it addresses the practical application of modelling studies in predicting dry matter intake and carcass traits of meat sheep through correlated variables.
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23
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de Melo HSA, Ítavo LCV, de Castro AP, Ítavo CCBF, de Araújo Caldas R, Mateus RG, Niwa MVG, de Moraes GJ, da Silva Zornitta C, Gurgel ALC, Benchaar C. Bacterial species in the ruminal content of steers fed oilseeds in the diet. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:396. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Costa CM, Dos Santos Difante G, Miyake AWA, Gurgel ALC, Santana JCS, Ítavo CCBF, Ítavo LCV, Dias AM, Júnior MAF. Technologies used in ruminant grazing management: an integrative review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:357. [PMID: 36269460 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the main technologies used in the management of ruminant grazing. We developed a review protocol in which the search terms were previously tested and based on the PVO strategy to determine the guiding question (population [P]: domestic ruminants; variables [V] of interest: grazing management technologies; and outcomes [O]: intake, performance, and productivity of animals raised exclusively on pasture). The guiding question was the following: What technologies are used in the grazing management of domestic ruminants on pasture? The databases used were SCOPUS (Elsevier), SciELO Citation Index, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library, and the search was carried out until October 15, 2021. The search identified 2683 research articles; however, only 43 were considered eligible and included due to their methodological robustness for data extraction. The most commonly used species were Lolium multiflorum and Lolium perenne (20%), Panicum maximum (18%), and Brachiaria brizantha (14%). The most widely used grazing methods were continuous grazing (53.4%) and intermittent grazing (39.5%). Among the technologies, the most widely adopted were pasture height (55.8%) and herbage allowance (11.6%). The most frequent sampling methods were the use of a ruler (37.2%) and measuring stick (13.9%) to measure the height, and clipping with a frame (18.6%) to measure herbage allowance. The animals used in the included studies were cattle (n = 1335), sheep (n = 839), and goats (n = 41). Pasture height and herbage allowance were the most widely used grazing management technologies, with the data concentrated mainly in Brazil, in studies with continuous grazing by cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Marques Costa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrey William Alce Miyake
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Caroline Santos Santana
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
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25
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Santana JCS, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Niwa MVG, de Moraes GJ, Arcanjo ÂHM, Gurgel ALC, Borges AD, Formigoni GM, Dos Santos Difante G. Productive characteristics, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and degradation kinetics of two Brachiaria grasses at different regrowth ages. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:342. [PMID: 36221046 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed at the effect of different regrowth ages on chemical, productive, and morphological characteristics, in addition to the kinetics of gas production and in vitro digestibility of grasses of the genus Brachiaria. The treatments consisted of two regrowth ages (21 and 35 days) and two grass species (Brachiaria brizantha and B. ruziziensis), in plat with a dimension of 10 × 10 with four replications, totaling 16 plats in a completely randomized design. The regrowth age did not change the leaf:stem ratio of the grasses. Ruziziensis-grass had higher crude protein (CP) content in leaves than Marandu-grass (14.0% versus 10.9% respectively). Marandu-grass leaf had higher NDF content than Ruziziensis-grass (65.0 and 58.3%, respectively) and ADF content (39.6 and 33.2%, respectively). The accumulation rate is high in Marandu-grass regardless of the age of regrowth; however, the in vitro digestibility of dry matter of Ruziziensis-grass is better both in the leaf and in the stem. The regrowth age did not influence the dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in vitro digestibility (ivD) of the leaves. The ivDNDF of leaves of both types of grass were similar. There was an increase in the ivDDM of stem when the regrowth age was 21 days. The DM degradation rate was higher in Marandu-grass at both regrowth ages, and the total gas production was higher at 21 days. The parameters evaluated in the dual-pool logistic model showed interaction for age and cultivar, except for fractions λ (lag time) and total gas production. Marandu-grass presented a greater volume of gas for the rapidly degradable fraction and a lower degradation rate. There was a significant interaction for the parameters evaluated in the models between ages and grasses. The exponential model showed interaction in all fractions. Grasses had reduced CP content and increased fibrous fraction as a function of age, with no reduction in leaf DM and NDF digestibility. The Ruziziensis-grass has higher digestibility at the regrowth ages evaluated, while Marandu-grass has higher yields. We recommend adjusting the in vitro degradation kinetics by the dual-pool logistic model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | | | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriélli Dias Borges
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Manfre Formigoni
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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26
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Chico-Alcudia DR, Portillo-Salgado R, Camacho-Pérez E, Peralta-Torres JA, Angeles-Hernandez JC, Muñoz-Benitez AL, Lendechy VHS, Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos Difante G, Ítavo LCV, Chay-Canul AJ. Models to predict live weight from heart girth in crossbred beef heifers. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:275. [PMID: 36070021 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate linear, quadratic, and exponential mathematical models to predict live weight (LW) from heart girth (HG) in crossbred heifers raised in tropical humid conditions in Mexico. Live weight (363.32 ± 150.88 kg) and HG (166.83 ± 24.88 cm) were measured in 400 heifers aged between 3 and 24 months. Linear and non-linear regression was used to construct the prediction models. The goodness of fit of the models was evaluated using the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root MSE (RMSE). In addition, the developed models were evaluated through internal and external cross-validation (k-folds) using independent data. The ability of the fitted models to predict the observed values was evaluated based on the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), R2, and mean absolute error (MAE). The correlation coefficient between LW and HG was r = 0.98 (P < 0.001). The quadratic model showed the lowest values of MAE (736.57), RMSEP (27.13), AIC (3783.95), and BIC (3799.91). Additionally, this model exhibited better goodness-of-fit values regarding external and internal validation criteria (higher R2 and lower RMSEP and MAE), thus having better predictive performance. The RMSE represented about 8% of the observed LW. Heart girth is highly correlated (r = 0.98) with LW. The quadratic model showed a high predictive capacity for crossbred heifers kept in tropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis R Chico-Alcudia
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Camacho-Pérez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico Superior Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Peralta-Torres
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Juan C Angeles-Hernandez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Alfonso L Muñoz-Benitez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | | | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Alfonso J Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, Mexico
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27
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de Melo GKA, Ítavo CCBF, Ítavo LCV, Brumatti RC, da Silva JA, Ferelli KLSM, da Silva PCG, de Souza Arco TFF, de Lemos RAA. Economic impact of poisoning by Brachiaria grass in lambs from birth to finishing receiving to different levels of supplementation. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:259. [PMID: 35951163 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the economic impact of poisoning by Brachiaria grass in lambs from birth to weaning (suckling) and from weaning to slaughter (finishing) different levels of energy protein supplementation (EPS). In addition, we estimated the economic efficiency of removing lambs from the pasture as a control measure to minimize the losses caused by Brachiaria grass poisoning. Seventy lambs were used in the suckling phase, distributed in two nutritional treatments (control and creep feeding). Hospitalization expenses were US$ 1580.80 for the control treatment and US$ 256.16 for the creep feeding treatment. In the finishing phase, 48 lambs were distributed in four nutritional treatments, which consisted of increasing levels of EPS (mineral salt, 0.8, 1.6 and 2.4% of LW). The largest difference in total revenue (US$) was observed between 2.4% of BW EPS and mineral salt (- 2300.28) treatments. Hospitalization expenses were similar between nutritional treatments, being higher in the treatment 1.6% of BW EPS (US$ 578.15). The biggest difference in gross income (US$) observed was between 2.4% of BW EPS and mineral salt (- 1439.43) treatments. The Brachiaria grass poisoning caused economic losses to the sheep farming system, due to the death of lambs, reduced weight gain and lower weights at weaning and in the finishing phase. Brachiaria grass poisoning caused economic damage to the production system. There were direct losses, with the death of the lambs without supplementation, in the suckling and finishing phases. The supplementation increases the performance and reduces the mortality. The supplementation in high levels is efficient in reducing the economic impact of poisoning by Brachiaria grass in both periods of suckling and finishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443 Vila Ipiranga, MS, 79074-460, Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Jonilson Araújo da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Kedma Leonora Silva Monteiro Ferelli
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Pâmila Carolini Gonçalves da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Farias de Souza Arco
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antônio Amaral de Lemos
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
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28
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Brito TRR, Valeriano HHC, Ítavo LCV, Duarte MT, Pereira MWF, Corrêa SM, Miyagusku L, de Araújo TLAC, Ítavo CCBF, Gomes RDC, Gomes MDNB. Effect of including oilseed grains in bovine diets on fatty acid profile, lipid stability, and sensory aspects of burgers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:923937. [PMID: 35937304 PMCID: PMC9351593 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.923937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of including different oilseed grains in the diets of cattle on the qualitative and sensory characteristics and fatty acid profile of burger over a storage period of up to 120 days. The soybean diet increased 30% of ether extract in burgers when compared to the control diet. The inclusion of oilseeds in the bovine diet did not change the n-6/n-3 and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, as well as the cholesterol levels in the burgers. The smallest flavor and aroma note scores were attributed to burgers produced with meat of bovine fed with cottonseed (4.35 and 4.67, respectively). The sunflower diet resulted in smaller lipid oxidation (1.03 mg/kg). The storage period increased lipid oxidation (0.43 and 1.97 mg/kg of malonaldehyde at 0 and 120 days, respectively). The inclusion of oilseeds in the diet of cattle does not change the ratios of fatty acids in burgers, which are important to human health. It is recommended to use soybean and sunflower grains in cattle diets to improve the sensory quality of burgers. A 30-day storage period is recommended to maintain the flavor and juiciness of beef burgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rayane Rios Brito
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Toledo Duarte
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
| | - Samara Miyaki Corrêa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Luciana Miyagusku
- Department of Food Technology and Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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29
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Ali O, Junges L, Gomes ENO, Batistoti JO, Candido AR, de Kássia Gomes F, de Oliveira Lima R, da Silva AP, da Cruz Siqueira J, Ítavo LCV, Coelho EM, Dos Santos Difante G, Dias AM. Ruminal kinetics and nutritive value of Zuri grass silage harvested at different ages and added with powder molasses. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:231. [PMID: 35857136 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of regrowth ages and the use of powdered molasses on nutritional characteristics of Zuri grass (Megathyrsus maximus) silages. A completely randomized design was used, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme: three regrowth ages (65, 80, and 95 days) and three inclusion levels of powdered molasses of sugarcane (0, 20, and 40 g), with four replications. The chemical composition, fermentation parameters, in vitro digestibility, and in vitro degradation kinetics of the silages were evaluated. Greater dry matter (DM) contents were observed in silages with 95 days with 40 g of molasses. The 65 days of regrowth silages with 40 g of molasses had greater in vitro digestibility of dry matter compared to other treatments. However, lower pH values, N-NH3, DM losses, gas losses, and density were observed in silages with 95 days of regrowth with 40 g of molasses. It is recommended to cut the Zuri grass in the range of 80 to 95 days of regrowth with the addition of 40 g/kg of molasses in powders for the production of silages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Lúri University, Unango University Campus, Sanga 3302, Niassa, Mozambique
| | - Luciana Junges
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Eva Nara Oliveira Gomes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oliveira Batistoti
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ramires Candido
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Kássia Gomes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Researcher EPAMIG, Centro-oeste, Prudente de Morais, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Oliveira Lima
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Amarildo Pedro da Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Jeniffer da Cruz Siqueira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Elson Martins Coelho
- Department of Animal Science and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Palmeira das Missões, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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30
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Chaves Gurgel AL, Dos Santos Difante G, Marques Costa C, Emerenciano Neto JV, Tonhão GH, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Menezes Dias A, Moraes Vilela IM, Garcia de Oliveira V, Da Silva Lima PC, Alce Miyake AW. Establecimiento de gramíneas forrajeras tropicales en el bioma del Cerrado. REV MEX CIENC PECU 2022. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v13i3.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the time for the establishment of tropical forage grasses in the “Cerrado” biome, based on morphogenetic and structural traits. Three Brachiaria brizantha (Syn. Urochloa brizantha) cultivars (Paiaguás, Ipyporã and Marandu) and two Panicum maximum (Syn. Megathyrsus maximus) cultivars (Quênia and Tamani) were distributed in a randomized-block design with four replicates. Morphogenetic and structural traits of the pasture were assessed from d 35 to d 65 after sowing, at seven-day interval. Canopy height rose linearly with the establishment period, in all cultivars. In the Megathyrsus cultivars, tiller density decreased as the experimental period progressed, whereas the number of tillers in the Urochloa cultivars increased. The cultivars Ipyporã and Marandu had the highest leaf appearance rates. The lowest leaf elongation rates occurred in the cultivars Paiaguás, Ipyporã and Tamani, and the highest elongation rates in cv. Quênia. As a result, cv. Quênia showed the highest values of final leaf length (64.9 cm) and leaf blade mass (3,352.9 kg DM ha-1). The higher senescence rate of cv. Tamani (2.1 cm tiller-1 d-1) resulted in the highest percentage of dead material (1,815.5 kg ha-1) being found in the herbage mass of this cultivar. Cultivars Paiaguás, Marandu and Tamani were established at 44 d, whereas cv. Quênia and Ipyporã were established at 51 and 58 d after sowing, respectively, in the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Inácio AG, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, de Queiroz JF, de Oliveira LCS, Dos Santos GT, Ítavo LCV. A new feed additive composed of urea and soluble carbohydrate coated with wax for controlled release in ruminal fluid. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4487. [PMID: 35296709 PMCID: PMC8927347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Urea is a compound widely used as a feed additive for ruminants; however, when used profusely, it can lead animals to intoxication. Another factor that affects the effectiveness of urea is the lack of synchronization between the nitrogen and the availability of carbohydrates, necessary for better development of the ruminal microbiota. In order to circumvent these problems and improve the efficiency in urea use, the present study developed two new nutritional additives (F16 and F17) with different carbohydrate sources. One of the products developed (F16) used sugarcane molasses as a carbohydrate source, while the other (F17) used cassava starch. In addition to the carbohydrate source, both products contained the same amounts of urea, sulfur, calcium carbonate and were coated with carnauba wax. The supplements developed and two other commercial products based on extruded urea (UE) and polymer-coated urea (UP) were tested for solubility and cumulative gas production. The wax used in the coating process of the developed products (F16 and F17) proved to be efficient in reducing the solubility of the ingredients used. During chemical composition analysis it was verified that both supplements developed contained protein equivalent above 150% of crude protein. The cumulative gas production showed a higher production related to the product F17 (p < 0.05). Through thermogravimetric analysis, it was found the chemical integrity of the ingredients that make up the supplements developed. Therefore, is possible to reduce the solubility of urea using carnauba wax as a coating material. The formula with cassava starch associated with urea (F17) had a better synchronization during the degradation of its ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Guimarães Inácio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Joice Ferreira de Queiroz
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 1555 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 1555 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2443 Senador Filinto Muller Ave., Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
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Arcanjo AHM, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Franco GL, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, de Assis Lima E, Santana JCS, Gurgel ALC. Cotton cake as an economically viable alternative fibre source of forage in a high-concentrate diet for finishing beef cattle in feedlots. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:112. [PMID: 35211825 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cotton cake can be a sustainable and economically viable alternative to maize silage as an effective fibre source in the finishing diet of feedlot beef cattle. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the economic viability and the productive performance of Nellore steers finished in feedlots using cotton cake as a source of fibre, replacing maize silage in the diet. Twenty-four non-castrated Nellore steers, with an average weight of 377.8 kg and an age of approximately 24 months, kept in individual pens, were used. The diet was 30% roughage, in the form of maize silage, and a diet without forage containing 30% cotton cake as an effective fibre source, based on dry matter. The design used was completely randomised with two treatments and 12 replications. Effects (p < 0.05) of the dietary fibre source were observed for final body weight (BW), total weight gain, hot carcass weight (HCW) and carcass yield (CY). Revenue and net margin were higher for the treatment with cotton cake. The corn silage diet promoted higher total costs per animal (U$ 408.41 vs. U$ 336.06) and daily costs (U$ 3.65 vs. U$ 3.00). Greater differences were observed between fibre sources for the concentrate cost, and the maize silage diet had a cost U$ 98.29 higher than the treatment with cotton cake (U$ 314.04 vs. U$ 215.75). The cotton cake treatment had a higher cost of U$106.98/animal for the net margin. Cotton cake is a viable alternative and can be used as a source of fibre in forage-free diets without affecting production performance, promoting benefits in economic performance for finishing beef steers in feedlots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FAMEZ, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Gumercindo Loriano Franco
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Assis Lima
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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Soares ÉSDM, Ferreira Ítavo CCB, Ítavo LCV, dos Santos GT, Nazário CED, Soares ISS, Cavalheiro LF. Comparison of analytical methods for the fatty acid profile in ewes’ milk. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263071. [PMID: 35171914 PMCID: PMC8849528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies comparing methodologies for fatty acids are very important, since they can influence the quality and final quantification of the lipid fraction. Objective—to compare different extraction methods for total lipids and to evaluate the effect of these methodologies on the quantitative composition of fatty acids in milk of lactating ewes raised in tropical pastures. The methodologies used were simple direct transesterification, using the HPLC grade organic solvent n-hexane, Bligh; Dyer (cold extraction, extracting mixture proportions 5, 10, and 15 mL in a ratio of 2:1:1 (v/v/v) of chloroform-methanol-water). The fatty acid methyl esters were separated by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results show that there was no significant difference (p <0.05) in the total lipid content between the extraction methods. However, the Bligh’s method; Dyer obtained the best yield of lipids to be extracted from ewe’s milk, since the volume with 15 mL of the extraction solution was able to identify 87% of the chromatographic peaks. It was also observed that ewe’s milk has a higher percentage of palmitic, stearic and oleic fatty acids, with percentages of 20.1%, 15.5% and 33.1%, respectively. Therefore, an extraction mixture with a volume of 15 mL used in this study may be an alternative to perform the extraction of milk fat from high lactating ewes in tropical pastures as a routine method, as it expresses the best lipid content of this food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Évelyn Silva de Melo Soares
- Animal Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Animal Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos
- Animal Science Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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da Silva APV, Dias AM, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Nogueira É, Dos Santos Difante G, Gomes ENO, Junges L. The influence of protected fat in supplements on the performance and carcass characteristics of Nellore beef bulls in tropical pasture. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:86. [PMID: 35118549 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The finishing stages for uncastrated Nellore beef cattle on tropical pasture often produce high yielding carcasses with minimal fat cover. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of uncastrated Nellore beef bulls fed a diet containing rumen-protected fat during the rainy period for 210 days. Eighty Nellore beef bulls with 28 months of age, and an initial live weight of 416 kg ± 16 kg, were allocated into eight paddocks (7.0 ha), totaling 56 ha, at 10 animals/paddock, in a continuous-grazing system. The pasture characteristics, performance production, loin-eye area (cm2), subcutaneous fat thickness (mm), and rump fat thickness were evaluated. There was no effect (P > 0.05) on the average total weight gain (203.00 kg) and average daily gain (0.98 kg/day). On the other hand, the subcutaneous fat thickness and rump fat thickness were 42.8% and 49.5% greater, respectively, when the animals were fed a diet containing rumen-protected fat inclusion (P < 0.05). Supplementation with rumen-protected fat provided a thicker fat layer in the carcass of Nellore beef bulls grazing on tropical pasture during the rainy period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Viscardi da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil.
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Ériklis Nogueira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79106-550, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Eva Nara Oliveira Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Luciana Junges
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
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da Trindade Silva MG, Geraldo Costa M, Campelo Medeiros M, dos Santos Difante G, Sérgio de Azevedo P, Gurgel ALC, Emerenciano Neto JV, de Lima Veras EL, Vinhas Ítavo LC. Use of spineless cactus associated with legume hay in the feedlot-finishing of lambs in semi-arid regions. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261554. [PMID: 34919579 PMCID: PMC8682884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study were to examine the effects of diets containing spineless cactus associated with hays of different legume species [gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), “catingueira” (Caesalpinia bracteosa), “sabiá” (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth) and “catanduva” (Piptadenia moniliformis Benth)] on the intake, digestibility, performance and carcass traits of lambs. Twenty-four ½ Santa Inês × ½ Soinga lambs with an average body weight of 21.4 ± 2.53 kg were distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of diets formulated with the association of spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) and hay of four legume species, namely, “catanduva”, “sabiá” “catingueira” and gliricidia. The lowest intakes (P<0.05) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total carbohydrates occurred in the animals that received the diet containing catingueira hay. However, there were no diet effects (P>0.05) on the intakes of crude protein (CP), ether extract and non-fibrous carbohydrates. The diets also did not change (P>0.05) the weight gain (0.197 kg/day) or final weight (33.18 kg) of the lambs or the apparent digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP and NDF. Consequently, the parameters of live weight at slaughter (34.10 kg), hot carcass weight (14.81 kg), cold carcass weight (14.66 kg), hot carcass yield (45.60%) and cold carcass yield (45.07%) exhibited the no response to treatment. In addition to these variables, the diets also did not influence subcutaneous fat thickness (2.54 mm), longissimus muscle area (13.34 cm2), morphometric measurements of the carcass, or the proportions of muscle and fat. Therefore, legume hays associated with spineless cactus can be used to feed ½ Santa Inês × ½ Soinga lambs in the feedlot, as this strategy provides heavy animals at the time of slaughter and carcasses with desirable degrees of muscularity and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela da Trindade Silva
- Academic Unit Specializing in Agricultural Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcone Geraldo Costa
- Academic Unit Specializing in Agricultural Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campelo Medeiros
- Academic Unit Specializing in Agricultural Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Gelson dos Santos Difante
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto
- Academic Unit Specializing in Agricultural Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Liévio de Lima Veras
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Durman T, de Lima LS, Rufino MOA, Gurgel ALC, Horst JA, Ítavo LCV, Dos Santos GT. Feeding okara, a soybean by-product, to dairy cows as partial protein source enhances economic indexes and preserves milk quality, intake, and digestibility of nutrients. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 54:14. [PMID: 34904184 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-03010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of dietary inclusion of okara (a soybean by-product) on feed intake, apparent in vitro digestibility of dry matter, production and milk quality of dairy cows, and economic indexes. Four lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were control diet with no okara, diet with 35 g/kg okara, diet with 65 g/kg okara, and diet with 95 g/kg okara in dry matter basis. There was no effect of the inclusion of okara in the diet on the intake of dry matter, crude protein, and ether extract. The inclusion of okara did not affect the in vitro digestibility of nutrients either. However, neutral detergent fiber intake differed between levels 0 and 35 g/kg of okara in the diet, with lower (8.15 kg/day) and higher (9.30 kg/day) values for these treatments, respectively, with values intermediates for the other treatments. There was no significant difference for milk production, fat, protein, lactose, milk urea, somatic cell score, and conjugated diene. However, there was an effect of including okara on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content in milk. Regarding the economic analysis, the inclusion of 95 g/kg of okara in the diet (dry matter) showed the best results for average feed cost, gross margin, breakeven, and profitability index. Okara can be included in diets of lactating dairy cows up to 95 g/kg of total mixed ration on dry matter basis without interfering on milk production, milk solids, nutrient digestibility, and providing beneficial economic indexes, being economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomer Durman
- Animal Science Department, State University of Maringá (UEM), Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Animal Science Department, State University of Maringá (UEM), Parana, Brazil.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil.
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Kozerski ND, Ítavo LCV, dos Santos GT, Ítavo CCBF, Benchaar C, Dias AM, dos Santos Difante G, Leal ES. Extruded urea-corn product can partially replace true protein sources in the diet for lactating Jersey cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wanderley AM, Ítavo LCV, Dos Santos GT, Ítavo CCBF, Cunha CS, Dos Santos Difante G, Dias AM, Mateus RG, de Oliveira MVM. Ruminal degradation kinetics of diets with different lipid sources and its influence on intake and milk yield of early lactation crossbred Holstein × Gir cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:516. [PMID: 34654978 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesized that the dietary inclusion of different lipid sources does not alter diet quality, feed intake, and, consequently, milk yield of cows. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplemental lipid sources for early lactation crossbred cows on milk yield, intake, and diet quality through in vitro digestibility and fermentation kinetics, and to demonstrate which variables have the most impact on each diet using principal component analysis (PCA). Five early lactating crossbred ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gir cows (35 ± 8 days in milk), with a mean body weight of 410 ± 7.15 kg of body weight, were randomly allotted to a 5 × 5 Latin square. The treatments consisted of five experimental diets: a control diet with no additional lipid source and four diets with different lipid sources: cottonseed (242.6 g/kg of dry matter (DM)), sunflower seed (243.0 g/kg of DM), whole soybeans (234.0 g/kg of DM), and soybean oil (42.0 g/kg of DM), which were included at a rate to provide 70 g/kg of lipid. Diets with no additional lipid source and containing whole soybeans had higher DM, OM, and CP digestibility than other treatments. The diet containing soybean oil had the highest EE digestibility. Gas production was highest in the diet containing soybean oil. The dietary treatments did not affect DM intake. Milk yield was lower in cows receiving diets containing cottonseed. Whole soybeans can be included in diets for lactating cows to increase the energy intake without impairing the feed intake and milk yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysson Martins Wanderley
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Camila Soares Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Av. Filinto Müller, 2443, Campo Grande, 79074-460, Brazil
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de Souza Arco TFF, Ítavo CCBF, Ítavo LCV, Souza MIL, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, da Costa E Silva EV, de Almeida Borges F, Borges DGL, da Silva Monteiro Ferelli KL, Rodrigues BJ, da Silva Miguel AA, de Godoy C, de Melo Soares ES. Effects of supplementation on production and age anticipation at first mating of ewe lambs in tropical pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:481. [PMID: 34562171 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02930-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the rearing of ewe lambs in the Cerrado are scarce, so the objective was to evaluate the effects of protein-energy supplementation with 1.6 and 2.4% BW on the productive and reproductive performance of ewe lambs raised on pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. Twenty-four Texel ewe lambs, with a mean age of 5 months, were distributed in two treatments with provision of energy protein supplementation at levels of 1.6 and 2.4% BW, formulated for average daily gains of 150 and 200 g/day for ewe lambs weighing 20 kg, respectively. The experimental delineation adopted was the completely randomized design, with fifteen repetitions per treatment. The performance of the ewe lambs was evaluated by weight at the beginning and end of the breeding season (BS), average daily gain (ADG), and total weight gain (TWG). The count of fecal eggs was performed monthly. The evaluation of the ewe lambs reproductive organs took place at 8 months of age. The fertility of the ewe lambs was detected by transrectal ultrasonography at the end of the BS. The supplementation level of 2.4% BW was higher for ADG and TWG; however, it did not influence the other performance characteristics. There was no effect of supplementation on the reproductive characteristics, parasite load, and nutrients of the pasture. Pasture nutrients were influenced by the month of use. Supplementation levels were not effective to ensure the reproductive success of 8-month-old ewe lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Fernanda Farias de Souza Arco
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Maria Inês Lenz Souza
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Eliane Vianna da Costa E Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Almeida Borges
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Dyego Gonçalves Lino Borges
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Kedma Leonora da Silva Monteiro Ferelli
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Junqueira Rodrigues
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida da Silva Miguel
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila de Godoy
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Silva de Melo Soares
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443. Vila Ipiranga, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
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Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos Difante G, Neto JVE, Santana JCS, Fernandes PB, Dos Santos GT, Dias AM, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, de Medeiros HR. Prediction of dry matter intake by meat sheep on tropical pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:479. [PMID: 34559323 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine whether equations for prediction of dry matter intake (DMI) by meat sheep are valid for animals raised solely on tropical pastures and to propose a new equation to predict the DMI of sheep raised on tropical pastures. The DMI prediction from published equations was evaluated by regressing the predicted and observed values, using the F test, for the identity of the parameters (β0 = 0 and β1 = 1) of the regression of predicted on observed data. If the null hypothesis is not rejected, the tested equation accurately estimates DMI. The proposed equation was evaluated in the same way as the published equations. The animal performance and pasture structure and chemical composition data used originated from an experiment conducted with 32 Santa Inês sheep raised on tropical pastures. In the analysis of model adequacy, the null hypothesis was rejected (P < 0.001) and the equations generated predictions that differ (β0 = 0 and β1 = 1) from the DMI observed under practical feeding conditions for grazing sheep. The proposed equation, DMI (%LW) = 7.16545 (± 0.76522) - 0.21799 (± 0.01812) * LW + 0.00273 (± 0.00034) * LW2-0.00688 (± 0.00299) * GT + 0.000007 (± 0.000002) * GT2 + 0.00271 (± 0.00108) * GHA, where LW is live weight (kg), GT is grazing time (min/day), and GHA is green herbage allowance (kg DM/100 kg LW), should be used to more accurately predict DMI by grazing sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrick Bezerra Fernandes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Tadeu Dos Santos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Rocha de Medeiros
- Specialized Unit in Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN, Brazil
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da Costa MCM, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Buschinelli de Goes RHDT, de Souza Leal E, Nonato LM, Kozerski ND, de Moraes GJ, Niwa MVG, Gurgel ALC, de Souza Arco TFF. Natural intoxication caused by protodioscin in lambs kept in Brachiaria pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:336. [PMID: 34021407 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Protodioscin poisoning of Brachiaria spp. has been a serious problem for lambs in grazing systems. The defoliation process can stimulate the appearance of new leaves and, the younger leaves have a lower concentration of protodioscin. Thus, it was aimed to assess the effect of different leaf offerings on the protodioscin content in forage and if protodioscin can interfere with the dry matter intake (DMI) and on metabolic and productive parameters of lambs. Twelve tester lambs (average weight 17.5 ± 3.48 kg) were divided into four groups of different levels of dry leafy matter (60, 75, 90, or 105 g/kg body weight). In addition to these, 33 regulator lambs were used as needed to adjust the leaf offerings of pasture. The animals were divided and kept in 12 paddocks, each with a tester lamb. The DMI was estimated using chromic oxide as an external marker. In vitro digestibility and degradation kinetics and ruminal, blood, and urinary parameters were measured in the forage sampled by the hand plucking method. The protodioscin concentration in forage was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The DMI increased linearly as a result of the supply of leaves. However, the protodioscin content and its consumption showed a quadratic behavior. There was no effect of leaf supply on in vitro digestibility, in vitro degradation kinetics of forage, and on ruminal, blood, and urinary parameters of lambs. However, a negative correlation was observed between the DMI and the concentration of protodioscin at the highest level of leaf supply. This is due to the fact that in the most intense grazing, there is a stimulus for greater regrowth; therefore, there was an increase in the concentration of protodioscin in forages in older forages. Protodioscin poisoning was confirmed by urinary and blood parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlova Cristina Mioto da Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael Henrique de Tonissi Buschinelli de Goes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados - Itahum, Km 12 - Caixa Postal 364, 79804-970, Cidade Universitária, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Leal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Noemila Débora Kozerski
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Farias de Souza Arco
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipiranga, 79070-900, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Leal ES, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Nogueira É, Franco GL, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Dos Santos Difante G, Dias AM, Pereira MWF, Gurgel ALC, de Mello JAT. Combinations of by-products from biodiesel production included in the supplement for finishing heifers on deferred pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:262. [PMID: 33860376 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that by-products from biodiesel production like crambe meal (Crambe abyssinica) totally replace soybean meal (Glycine max) and crude glycerin could partially replace corn (Zea mays). Our aim was to evaluate different supplements with combinations of crambe meal and crude glycerin replacing soybean meal or corn on performance and carcass traits of finishing heifers. Sixty Nellore heifers 18 months old were used, and 298.96 ± 21.99 kg of body weight allotted in Brachiaria brizantha pastures. All heifers were distributed in a randomized complete block design, with four treatments being the following supplements: corn + soybean meal (CS), corn + crambe meal (CCr), corn + soybean meal + crude glycerin (CSG), corn + crambe meal + crude glycerin + (CCrG). The animals were distributed in four paddocks of 13 hectares each, in a continuous grazing system. We evaluated pasture characteristics, intake, performance, carcass traits, characteristics, and centesimal composition of Longissimus thoracis muscle. There was an effect (P < 0.05) of inclusion of crambe meal on the performance of the animals for slaughter weight and daily gain. The supplement containing corn + soybean meal (CS) presented better conversion rates and food efficiency. There was an effect of inclusion of crambe meal and crude glycerin on the centesimal composition of Longissimus thoracis muscle. The use of crambe meal and crude glycerin as alternative sources from the agro-industry of biodiesel in concentrate supplement for finishing heifers in pastures can promote positive effects related to productive performance and carcass characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Souza Leal
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Ériklis Nogueira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA Beef Cattle, 79106-550, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gumercindo Loriano Franco
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Juliana Antonia Tonetto de Mello
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Vila Ipirang, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79074-460, Brazil
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da Silva PCG, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Vinhas Ítavo LC, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Dias Feijó GL, Monteiro Ferelli KLS, da Silva Heimbach N, da Silva JA, de Melo GKA, Filgueira Pereira MW. Carcass traits and meat quality of Texel lambs raised in Brachiaria pasture and feedlot systems. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13394. [PMID: 32538524 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our hypothesis suggests an improvement in carcass and meat quality of pasture-finished animals by introducing concentrate feed into diets. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of protein-energy supplementation on carcass and meat characteristics of Texel lambs raised on Brachiaria pastures, and compare the results with those obtained from confined animals. Thirty 2-month-old intact lambs were divided into five treatments: pasture with mineral supplementation, pasture containing daily supplies of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4% BW protein-energy supplementation, and confinement (reference treatment). All animals were slaughtered 104 days after the beginning of the experiment. Lambs submitted to 1.6% and 2.4% BW supplementation presented similar characteristics to animals kept in confinement and were superior to animals treated with 0 or 0.8% of BW supplementation levels (p < .05). Increases of subcutaneous fat thickness were verified for 0.0, 0.8, 1.6, 2.4% BW, and confinement treatments, being respectively of 0.25, 0.74, 1.61, 1.69, and 1.98. Conversely, treatments had no influence on meat physical-chemical characteristics, being all considered moderately soft, juicy (tender), and with mild tastes and odors. Lambs raised on Brachiaria pastures have high-quality meat, but more protein-energy supplementation is needed to be an alternative for the feedlots for young animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natália da Silva Heimbach
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Jonilson Araújo da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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de Nadai Bonin M, Pedrosa VB, da Luz E Silva S, Bünger L, Ross D, da Costa Gomes R, de Almeida Santana MH, de Córdova Cucco D, de Rezende FM, Ítavo LCV, de Novais FJ, Pereira MWF, de Mattos Oliveira EC, Ferraz JBS. Genetic parameters associated with meat quality of Nellore cattle at different anatomical points of longissimus: Brazilian standards. Meat Sci 2020; 171:108281. [PMID: 32892086 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study estimated genetic parameters and evaluated the genetic and phenotypic correlations between meat quality characteristics of Nellore cattle evaluated at different anatomical points of the longissimus. Data from 1329 Nellore young bulls were used to evaluate, in the 5th and 12th ribs, marbling score (MAR), shear force (SF), cooking weight losses (CWL) and intramuscular fat (IMF). In addition, the subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at the 12th rib (SFT12) and between the last lumbar and the first sacral vertebrae (SFTLR), in the separation of loin and round. Results yielded moderate heritability coefficients for evaluated characteristics, except CWL. High genetic correlations (0.61) were found between measurements of SFT12 and SFTLR. MAR, IMF and SF were evaluated at the 5th and 12th rib. Meat quality and subcutaneous fat thickness measured at different anatomical points of the longissimus are genetically correlated and can be used in genetic selection programs to improve meat quality characteristics in Nellore cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Nadai Bonin
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Victor Breno Pedrosa
- State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Animal Science, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Postal Code: 84030-000 Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- University of São Paulo, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Lutz Bünger
- Animal Genetics Consultancy (http://www.lubu-angeco.co.uk./index.htm), Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Dave Ross
- Scottish Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | - Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana
- University of São Paulo, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Diego de Córdova Cucco
- State University of Santa Catarina, Department of Animal Science, Av. Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 68E, Postal Code: 89815-630 Chapeco, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Marcondes de Rezende
- Federal University of Uberlândia, College of Veterinary Medicine, BR-050, KM 78, 28, Postal Code: 38410-337 Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Francisco José de Novais
- University of São Paulo, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- University of São Paulo, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
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Melo GKAD, Ítavo CCBF, Ítavo LCV, Borges FDA, Dias AM, Morais MDG, Silva JAD, Silva PCGD, Ferelli KLSM, Reis FA. Performance, Ingestive Behavior and Gastrointestinal Helminths Control of Suckling Lambs Supplemented in Creep-Fed and Not Supplemented in Tropical Pastures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5296/jas.v7i4.15415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, ingestive behavior and gastrointestinal helminths control of suckling lambs raised on pastures of Brachiaria ssp. supplemented in creep-fed and not supplemented. Thirty-one lambs being 15 lambs in the control treatment (without supplementation) and 16 lambs in the creep feeding treatment (with protein-energetic supplementation) were evaluated. Performance of lambs supplemented was superior to lambs no-supplemented. Lambs without supplemented had weaning age of 81 days and an average gain of 194 grams. Lambs supplemented showed weaning age of 58 days and average daily gain of 268 grams. eggs per gram of stool (EPG) count in the control treatment was 4553, while in the creep feeding treatment the mean was 763. The morbidity rate caused by gastrointestinal helminths in the control treatment was 6.6% and there was no morbidity due to helminths in the treatment creep feeding. The morbidity rate due to hepatogenic intoxication was 46.6% in control and 12.5% in the lambs supplemented. The ingestion of protein-energy supplementation in creep feeding promoted an increase in productive performance of lambs, as well as increased resistance and tolerance to gastrointestinal infections and decreased cases of hepatogenic intoxication by ingestion of Brachiaria spp.
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Santos FS, Zeoula LM, De Lima LS, De Marchi FE, Ítavo LCV, Santos NW, Pintro PM, Damasceno JC, Dos Santos GT. Effect of supplementation with Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) and vitamin E on milk lipoperoxidation in cows receiving diets containing ground soybean seeds. J DAIRY RES 2019; 86:279-282. [PMID: 31327320 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029919000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This research communication addresses the hypothesis that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate could help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Treatments were: (1) control diet with no Yerba Mate or vitamin E; (2) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E; (3) diet containing 30 g/kg Yerba Mate; and (4) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E and 30 g/kg Yerba Mate. To increase unsaturated fatty acids in milk, cows were fed 172 g/kg soybean seeds (on a dry matter basis). There was no interaction between vitamin E and Yerba Mate supplementation for milk antioxidant-related (polyphenols, reducing power, conjugated dienes, and TBARS) analyses. Milk reducing power was increased when cows were supplemented with Yerba Mate. Our results suggest that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate does not help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk in UFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Seiji Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Lucia Maria Zeoula
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Soares De Lima
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência animal, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Nadine Woruby Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Matumoto Pintro
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Damasceno
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
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Vieira de Souza AD, Ítavo LCV, Fávaro SP, Ferreira Ítavo CCB, Petit HV, Dias AM, Morais MDG, Reis FA, Roscoe R. Thermal decomposition, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and gas production and in situ degradability of oilseed residues from the biofuel industry. Anim Sci J 2018; 89:79-87. [PMID: 28960716 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermal analysis could rapidly and easily predict nutritional value of ruminant feeds. The hypothesis is that crambe meal (CM) has a quality similar to that of soybean meal (SM), and the objective of this study was to determine the nutritional characteristics of CM and compare them to those of SM. CM had greater concentrations of phytic acid (26.3 vs. 16.0 g/kg) and phenol compounds (615 vs. 393 mg gallic acid (GAE)/kg) than SM. In vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility was lower for CM than SM (752 vs. 975 g/kg DM). Cumulative in vitro gas production at 48 h of incubation (14.1 vs. 19.4 mL/100 mg substrate DM), and energy release (4.5 vs. 5.7 kJ/g substrate DM) were lower for CM than SM. CM had a higher concentration of low digestible fiber, hence degradability of DM was lower and the proportion of indigestible fraction was greater for CM than SM. High concentrations of indigestible compounds were likely responsible for lower gas production of CM compared to SM. These results suggest CM quality is lower than that of SM and that thermal analysis is a useful tool to precisely determine the nutritive value of oilseed residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simone Palma Fávaro
- Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research - Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Hélène Veronique Petit
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Fernando Alvarenga Reis
- Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research - Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Renato Roscoe
- Mato Grosso do Sul Foundation - Department of Research and Dissemination of Agricultural Technologies, Maracajú, MS, Brazil
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de Melo GKA, Ítavo CCBF, da Silva JA, Monteiro KLS, Faccin TC, Pupin RC, Heckler RF, Ítavo LCV, da Silva PCG, Leal PV, de Lemos RAA. Poisoning by Brachiaria spp. in suckling lambs supplemented and unsupplemented in a creep-feeding system. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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de Rezende LC, Heimbach NDS, Ferreira Ítavo CCB, Ítavo LCV, Morais MDG, Brumatti RC, Franco GL, Petit HV, Zeoula LM, da Silva JA, da Silva PCG, de Melo GKA. Intake, feeding behaviour, digestibility, performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed different levels of semi-purified glycerine in the diet. Arch Anim Nutr 2017; 71:470-485. [PMID: 28945104 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2017.1369816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different inclusion levels of semi-purified glycerine in the diet of feedlot lambs on feeding behaviour, nutrient intake and digestibility, carcass characteristics, meat quality and in vitro degradability. Thirty-two Dorper × (Texel × Suffolk) crossbred intact male lambs (22.2 ± 5.51 kg) were fed glycerine (90% purity) at 0, 120, 240 or 360 g/kg dry matter (DM) in a total mixed ration with a roughage to concentrate ratio of 40:60 for 84 d. In vitro degradability was not affected by glycerine supplementation. Feeding behaviour and digestibility of DM, crude protein and fibre and production performance were similar among treatments. Ether extract digestibility was lower at the highest inclusion level. Glycerine level had no effect on ruminal pH, carcass characteristics and meat quality, except for subcutaneous fat thickness which was lower for lambs fed glycerine at 240 and 360 g/kg DM. Scores for unpleasant taste, unpleasant odour, succulence and softness of meat were not affected by dietary glycerine level. These data suggest that there are no adverse effects on carcass quality and performance when semi-purified glycerine is provided up to 360 g/kg DM in the diet of growing lambs fed a forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Costa de Rezende
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | - Natália da Silva Heimbach
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça Morais
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | - Gumercindo Loriano Franco
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | - Hélène Veronique Petit
- b Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Sherbrooke , Canada
| | - Lucia Maria Zeoula
- c Departamento de Zootecnia , Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá , Brazil
| | - Jonilson Araújo da Silva
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
| | | | - Gleice Kelli Ayardes de Melo
- a Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul , Cidade Universitária , Brazil
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Olivo PM, Santos GTD, Ítavo LCV, Silva Junior RCD, Leal ES, Prado RMD. Assessing the nutritional value of agroindustrial co-products and feed through chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and gas production technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.34024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Agroindustrial co-products are a viable alternative for use in animal nutrition. Tests were conducted using eight different types of co-products and feed to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, and gas production by them. The co-products tested were: coffee hulls; pelleted citrus pulp; grape residue; soybean hulls; cottonseed; cassava foliage; and foods usually supplied to ruminants: corn silage and ground corn concentrate. Data of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were tested by analysis of variance using the least square method; the results of gas production were interpreted by a non-linear regression by the Gauss-Newton method; and the effects of treatments were evaluated by the Tukey’s test. The coefficients of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of co-products were different. Gas production was also different between co-products and feeds evaluated for the volume of gas produced from the fast and slow degradation fractions, degradation rate, bacterial colonization time, and the total volume of gas produced. The evaluated co-products exhibited greater in vitro dry matter digestibility compared to corn silage, except for cottonseed, grape residue, and cassava foliage. Co-products showed higher values of in vitro crude protein digestibility compared to corn silage, and a reduced in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, except for pelleted citrus pulp and soybean hulls. Corn silage produced larger volume of gas from the fast degradation fraction compared to the co-products and corn concentrate. Co-products analyzed had appropriate nutritional characteristics according to the techniques applied and can be included in ruminant diets.
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