1
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Liu X, Yam PT, Schlienger S, Cai E, Zhang J, Chen WJ, Torres Gutierrez O, Jimenez Amilburu V, Ramamurthy V, Ting AY, Branon TC, Cayouette M, Gen R, Marks T, Kong JH, Charron F, Ge X. Numb positively regulates Hedgehog signaling at the ciliary pocket. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3365. [PMID: 38664376 PMCID: PMC11045789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling relies on the primary cilium, a cell surface organelle that serves as a signaling hub for the cell. Using proximity labeling and quantitative proteomics, we identify Numb as a ciliary protein that positively regulates Hh signaling. Numb localizes to the ciliary pocket and acts as an endocytic adaptor to incorporate Ptch1 into clathrin-coated vesicles, thereby promoting Ptch1 exit from the cilium, a key step in Hh signaling activation. Numb loss impedes Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-induced Ptch1 exit from the cilium, resulting in reduced Hh signaling. Numb loss in spinal neural progenitors reduces Shh-induced differentiation into cell fates reliant on high Hh activity. Genetic ablation of Numb in the developing cerebellum impairs the proliferation of granule cell precursors, a Hh-dependent process, resulting in reduced cerebellar size. This study highlights Numb as a regulator of ciliary Ptch1 levels during Hh signal activation and demonstrates the key role of ciliary pocket-mediated endocytosis in cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95340, USA
| | - Patricia T Yam
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Sabrina Schlienger
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Eva Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95340, USA
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95340, USA
| | - Wei-Ju Chen
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Oscar Torres Gutierrez
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95340, USA
| | | | - Vasanth Ramamurthy
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Alice Y Ting
- Departments of Genetics, of Biology, and by courtesy, of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tess C Branon
- Departments of Genetics, of Biology, and by courtesy, of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Interline Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Risako Gen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tessa Marks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer H Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Frédéric Charron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Xuecai Ge
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95340, USA.
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2
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Touahri Y, Hanna J, Tachibana N, Okawa S, Liu H, David LA, Olender T, Vasan L, Pak A, Mehta DN, Chinchalongporn V, Balakrishnan A, Cantrup R, Dixit R, Mattar P, Saleh F, Ilnytskyy Y, Murshed M, Mains PE, Kovalchuk I, Lefebvre JL, Leong HS, Cayouette M, Wang C, Del Sol A, Brand M, Reese BE, Schuurmans C. Pten regulates endocytic trafficking of cell adhesion and Wnt signaling molecules to pattern the retina. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114005. [PMID: 38551961 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The retina is exquisitely patterned, with neuronal somata positioned at regular intervals to completely sample the visual field. Here, we show that phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) controls starburst amacrine cell spacing by modulating vesicular trafficking of cell adhesion molecules and Wnt proteins. Single-cell transcriptomics and double-mutant analyses revealed that Pten and Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule Dscam) are co-expressed and function additively to pattern starburst amacrine cell mosaics. Mechanistically, Pten loss accelerates the endocytic trafficking of DSCAM, FAT3, and MEGF10 off the cell membrane and into endocytic vesicles in amacrine cells. Accordingly, the vesicular proteome, a molecular signature of the cell of origin, is enriched in exocytosis, vesicle-mediated transport, and receptor internalization proteins in Pten conditional knockout (PtencKO) retinas. Wnt signaling molecules are also enriched in PtencKO retinal vesicles, and the genetic or pharmacological disruption of Wnt signaling phenocopies amacrine cell patterning defects. Pten thus controls vesicular trafficking of cell adhesion and signaling molecules to establish retinal amacrine cell mosaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Touahri
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada
| | - Joseph Hanna
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Nobuhiko Tachibana
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Satoshi Okawa
- Computational Biology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hedy Liu
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Luke Ajay David
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Thomas Olender
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lakshmy Vasan
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alissa Pak
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dhruv Nimesh Mehta
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada
| | - Vorapin Chinchalongporn
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Anjali Balakrishnan
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Robert Cantrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Rajiv Dixit
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Fermisk Saleh
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yaroslav Ilnytskyy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Monzur Murshed
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A6, Canada
| | - Paul E Mains
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Julie L Lefebvre
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Program for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hon S Leong
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Chao Wang
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Computational Biology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Benjamin E Reese
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5060, USA
| | - Carol Schuurmans
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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3
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Fries M, Brown TW, Jolicoeur C, Boulan B, Boudreau-Pinsonneault C, Javed A, Abram P, Cayouette M. Pou3f1 orchestrates a gene regulatory network controlling contralateral retinogeniculate projections. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112985. [PMID: 37590135 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance of contralateral and ipsilateral retinogeniculate projections is critical for binocular vision, but the transcriptional programs regulating this process remain ill defined. Here we show that the Pou class homeobox protein POU3F1 is expressed in nascent mouse contralateral retinal ganglion cells (cRGCs) but not ipsilateral RGCs (iRGCs). Upon Pou3f1 inactivation, the proportion of cRGCs is reduced in favor of iRGCs, leading to abnormal projection ratios at the optic chiasm. Conversely, misexpression of Pou3f1 in progenitors increases the production of cRGCs. Using CUT&RUN and RNA sequencing in gain- and loss-of-function assays, we demonstrate that POU3F1 regulates expression of several key members of the cRGC gene regulatory network. Finally, we report that POU3F1 is sufficient to induce RGC-like cell production, even in late-stage retinal progenitors of Atoh7 knockout mice. This work uncovers POU3F1 as a regulator of the cRGC transcriptional program, opening possibilities for optic nerve regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Fries
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thomas W Brown
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Benoit Boulan
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Camille Boudreau-Pinsonneault
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pénélope Abram
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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4
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Santos-França PL, David LA, Kassem F, Meng XQ, Cayouette M. Time to see: How temporal identity factors specify the developing mammalian retina. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 142:36-42. [PMID: 35760728 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) give rise to the variety of neural cell types of the retina has been a question of major interest over the last few decades. While environmental cues and transcription factor networks have been shown to control specific cell fate decisions, how RPCs alter fate output over time to control proper histogenesis remains poorly understood. In recent years, the identification of "temporal identity factors (TIFs)", which control RPC competence states to ensure that the right cell types are produced at the right time, has contributed to increasing our understanding of temporal patterning in the retina. Here, we review the different TIFs identified to date in the mammalian retina and discuss the underlying mechanisms by which they are thought to operate. We conclude by speculating on how identification of temporal patterning mechanisms might support the development of new therapeutic approaches against visual impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Santos-França
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Luke Ajay David
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fatima Kassem
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiang Qi Meng
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Boudreau-Pinsonneault C, David LA, Lourenço Fernandes JA, Javed A, Fries M, Mattar P, Cayouette M. Direct neuronal reprogramming by temporal identity factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2122168120. [PMID: 37126716 PMCID: PMC10175841 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122168120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal identity factors are sufficient to reprogram developmental competence of neural progenitors and shift cell fate output, but whether they can also reprogram the identity of terminally differentiated cells is unknown. To address this question, we designed a conditional gene expression system that allows rapid screening of potential reprogramming factors in mouse retinal glial cells combined with genetic lineage tracing. Using this assay, we found that coexpression of the early temporal identity transcription factors Ikzf1 and Ikzf4 is sufficient to directly convert Müller glial (MG) cells into cells that translocate to the outer nuclear layer (ONL), where photoreceptor cells normally reside. We name these "induced ONL (iONL)" cells. Using genetic lineage tracing, histological, immunohistochemical, and single-cell transcriptome and multiome analyses, we show that expression of Ikzf1/4 in MG in vivo, without retinal injury, mostly generates iONL cells that share molecular characteristics with bipolar cells, although a fraction of them stain for Rxrg, a cone photoreceptor marker. Furthermore, we show that coexpression of Ikzf1 and Ikzf4 can reprogram mouse embryonic fibroblasts to induced neurons in culture by rapidly remodeling chromatin and activating a neuronal gene expression program. This work uncovers general neuronal reprogramming properties for temporal identity factors in terminally differentiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Boudreau-Pinsonneault
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Luke Ajay David
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - José Alex Lourenço Fernandes
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michel Fries
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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6
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Javed A, Santos-França PL, Mattar P, Cui A, Kassem F, Cayouette M. Ikaros family proteins redundantly regulate temporal patterning in the developing mouse retina. Development 2023; 150:286611. [PMID: 36537580 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Temporal identity factors regulate competence of neural progenitors to generate specific cell types in a time-dependent manner, but how they operate remains poorly defined. In the developing mouse retina, the Ikaros zinc-finger transcription factor Ikzf1 regulates production of early-born cell types, except cone photoreceptors. In this study we show that, during early stages of retinal development, another Ikaros family protein, Ikzf4, functions redundantly with Ikzf1 to regulate cone photoreceptor production. Using CUT&RUN and functional assays, we show that Ikzf4 binds and represses genes involved in late-born rod photoreceptor specification, hence favoring cone production. At late stages, when Ikzf1 is no longer expressed in progenitors, we show that Ikzf4 re-localizes to target genes involved in gliogenesis and is required for Müller glia production. We report that Ikzf4 regulates Notch signaling genes and is sufficient to activate the Hes1 promoter through two Ikzf GGAA-binding motifs, suggesting a mechanism by which Ikzf4 may influence gliogenesis. These results uncover a combinatorial role for Ikaros family members during nervous system development and provide mechanistic insights on how they temporally regulate cell fate output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Pedro L Santos-França
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Allie Cui
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Fatima Kassem
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
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7
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Lacomme M, Hales SC, Brown TW, Stevanovic K, Jolicoeur C, Cai J, Bois T, Desrosiers M, Dalkara D, Cayouette M. Numb regulates Tau levels and prevents neurodegeneration in tauopathy mouse models. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm4295. [PMID: 36260685 PMCID: PMC9581485 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau is linked to neuronal cell death in tauopathies, but how intraneuronal Tau levels are regulated in health and disease remains unclear. Here, we show that conditional inactivation of the trafficking adaptor protein Numb in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) increases Tau levels and leads to axonal blebbing, which is followed by neuronal cell loss in aged mice. In the TauP301S mouse model of tauopathy, conditional inactivation of Numb in RGCs and spinal motoneurons accelerates neurodegeneration, and loss of Numb in motoneurons also leads to precocious hindlimb paralysis. Conversely, overexpression of the long isoform of Numb (Numb-72) decreases intracellular Tau levels and reduces axonal blebbing in TauP301S RGCs, leading to improved electrical activity in cultured neurons and improves performance in a visually guided behavior test in vivo. These results uncover Numb as a key regulator of intracellular Tau levels and identify Numb-72 as a potential therapeutic factor for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Lacomme
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Sarah C. Hales
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas W. Brown
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katarina Stevanovic
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jenny Cai
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Therence Bois
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Melissa Desrosiers
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Deniz Dalkara
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
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8
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Langouët M, Jolicoeur C, Javed A, Mattar P, Gearhart MD, Daiger SP, Bertelsen M, Tranebjærg L, Rendtorff ND, Grønskov K, Jespersgaard C, Chen R, Sun Z, Li H, Alirezaie N, Majewski J, Bardwell VJ, Sui R, Koenekoop RK, Cayouette M. Mutations in BCOR, a co-repressor of CRX/OTX2, are associated with early-onset retinal degeneration. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabh2868. [PMID: 36070393 PMCID: PMC9451151 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many transcription factors regulating the production, survival, and function of photoreceptor cells have been identified, but little is known about transcriptional co-regulators in retinal health and disease. Here, we show that BCL6 co-repressor (BCOR), a Polycomb repressive complex 1 factor mutated in various cancers, is involved in photoreceptor degenerative diseases. Using proteomics and transcription assays, we report that BCOR interacts with the transcription factors CRX and OTX2 and reduces their ability to activate the promoters of photoreceptor-specific genes. CUT&RUN sequencing further shows that BCOR shares genome-wide binding profiles with CRX/OTX2, consistent with a general co-repression activity. We also identify missense mutations in human BCOR in five families that have no evidence of cancer but present severe early-onset X-linked retinal degeneration. Last, we show that the human BCOR mutants cause degeneration when expressed in the mouse retina and have enhanced repressive activity on OTX2. These results uncover a role for BCOR in photoreceptors in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maéva Langouët
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Micah D. Gearhart
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Development Biology Center, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephen P. Daiger
- EHGED Department, Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas HSC, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mette Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna D. Rendtorff
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine Jespersgaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, The Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zixi Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Najmeh Alirezaie
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vivian J. Bardwell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Development Biology Center, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ruifang Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Robert K. Koenekoop
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Human Genetics, Adult Ophthalmology and the McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Boudreau-Pinsonneault C, Cayouette M. Cell reprogramming: Nature does it too. Curr Biol 2021; 31:R1434-R1437. [PMID: 34752770 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell reprogramming is generally considered an artificially induced event. Excitingly, a new study shows that post-mitotic cell reprogramming occurs naturally in the developing fish retina, uncovering a mechanism involved in the generation of cell diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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10
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Brodie-Kommit J, Clark BS, Shi Q, Shiau F, Kim DW, Langel J, Sheely C, Ruzycki PA, Fries M, Javed A, Cayouette M, Schmidt T, Badea T, Glaser T, Zhao H, Singer J, Blackshaw S, Hattar S. Atoh7-independent specification of retinal ganglion cell identity. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/11/eabe4983. [PMID: 33712461 PMCID: PMC7954457 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe4983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) relay visual information from the eye to the brain. RGCs are the first cell type generated during retinal neurogenesis. Loss of function of the transcription factor Atoh7, expressed in multipotent early neurogenic retinal progenitors leads to a selective and essentially complete loss of RGCs. Therefore, Atoh7 is considered essential for conferring competence on progenitors to generate RGCs. Despite the importance of Atoh7 in RGC specification, we find that inhibiting apoptosis in Atoh7-deficient mice by loss of function of Bax only modestly reduces RGC numbers. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Atoh7;Bax-deficient retinas shows that RGC differentiation is delayed but that the gene expression profile of RGC precursors is grossly normal. Atoh7;Bax-deficient RGCs eventually mature, fire action potentials, and incorporate into retinal circuitry but exhibit severe axonal guidance defects. This study reveals an essential role for Atoh7 in RGC survival and demonstrates Atoh7-dependent and Atoh7-independent mechanisms for RGC specification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian S Clark
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Fion Shiau
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dong Won Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Langel
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine Sheely
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Philip A Ruzycki
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michel Fries
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Tiffany Schmidt
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tudor Badea
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Research and Development Institute, Transylvania University of Brasov, School of Medicine, Brasov, Romania
| | - Tom Glaser
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Haiqing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Singer
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samer Hattar
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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11
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Mattar P, Jolicoeur C, Dang T, Shah S, Clark BS, Cayouette M. A Casz1-NuRD complex regulates temporal identity transitions in neural progenitors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3858. [PMID: 33594190 PMCID: PMC7886867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells undergo identity transitions during development to ensure the generation different types of neurons and glia in the correct sequence and proportions. A number of temporal identity factors that control these transitions in progenitor competence have been identified, but the molecular mechanisms underlying their function remain unclear. Here, we asked how Casz1, the mammalian orthologue of Drosophila castor, regulates competence during retinal development. We show that Casz1 is required to control the transition between neurogenesis and gliogenesis. Using BioID proteomics, we reveal that Casz1 interacts with the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex in retinal cells. Finally, we show that both the NuRD and the polycomb repressor complexes are required for Casz1 to promote the rod fate and suppress gliogenesis. As additional temporal identity factors have been found to interact with the NuRD complex in other contexts, we propose that these factors might act through this common biochemical process to regulate neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada. .,Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Thanh Dang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.,Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Sujay Shah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.,Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Brian S Clark
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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12
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Javed A, Mattar P, Lu S, Kruczek K, Kloc M, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Bremner R, Ali RR, Cayouette M. Pou2f1 and Pou2f2 cooperate to control the timing of cone photoreceptor production in the developing mouse retina. Development 2020; 147:dev.188730. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.188730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) generate various cell types in a precise chronological order, but how exactly cone photoreceptor production is restricted to early stages remains unclear. Here, we show that the POU-homeodomain factors Pou2f1/Pou2f2, the homologs of Drosophila temporal identity factors nub/pdm2, regulate the timely production of cones in mice. Forcing sustained expression of Pou2f1 or Pou2f2 in RPCs expands the period of cone production, whereas misexpression in late-stage RPCs triggers ectopic cone production at the expense of late-born fates. Mechanistically, we report that Pou2f1 induces Pou2f2 expression, which binds to a POU motif in the promoter of the rod-inducing factor Nrl to repress its expression. Conversely, conditional inactivation of Pou2f2 in RPCs increases Nrl expression and reduces cone production. Finally, we provide evidence that Pou2f1 is part of a cross-regulatory cascade with the other temporal identity factors Ikzf1 and Casz1. These results uncover Pou2f1/2 as regulators of the temporal window for cone genesis and, given their widespread expression in the nervous system, raise the possibility of a general role in temporal patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Canada
| | - Suying Lu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada. Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
| | | | | | | | - Rod Bremner
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada. Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Department of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto
| | - Robin R. Ali
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Canada
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13
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Tufford AR, Onyak JR, Sondereker KB, Lucas JA, Earley AM, Mattar P, Hattar S, Schmidt TM, Renna JM, Cayouette M. Melanopsin Retinal Ganglion Cells Regulate Cone Photoreceptor Lamination in the Mouse Retina. Cell Rep 2019; 23:2416-2428. [PMID: 29791852 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborn neurons follow molecular cues to reach their final destination, but whether early life experience influences lamination remains largely unexplored. As light is among the first stimuli to reach the developing nervous system via intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), we asked whether ipRGCs could affect lamination in the developing mouse retina. We show here that ablation of ipRGCs causes cone photoreceptors to mislocalize at different apicobasal positions in the retina. This effect is partly mediated by light-evoked activity in ipRGCs, as dark rearing or silencing of ipRGCs leads a subset of cones to mislocalize. Furthermore, ablation of ipRGCs alters the cone transcriptome and decreases expression of the dopamine receptor D4, while injection of L-DOPA or D4 receptor agonist rescues the displaced cone phenotype observed in dark-reared animals. These results show that early light-mediated activity in ipRGCs influences neuronal lamination and identify ipRGC-elicited dopamine release as a mechanism influencing cone position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele R Tufford
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Jasmine A Lucas
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Aaron M Earley
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Samer Hattar
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany M Schmidt
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jordan M Renna
- Department of Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Cayouette M, Javed A, Mattar P, Kruczek K, Lu S, Kloc M, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Bremner R, Ali R. Transcriptional regulation of cone photoreceptor development. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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15
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Lacomme M, Stevanovic K, Bois T, Cai J, Cayouette M. P2-174: NUMB PREVENTS NEURODEGENERATION BY REGULATING INTRANEURONAL TAU LEVELS IN AN ISOFORM-SPECIFIC MANNER. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Lacomme
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM); Montreal QC Canada
| | | | - Therence Bois
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM); Montreal QC Canada
| | - Jenny Cai
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM); Montreal QC Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM); Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Medecine; Université de Montréal; Montréal QC Canada
- Anatomy and Cell Biology department; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
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16
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Ferent J, Giguère F, Jolicoeur C, Morin S, Michaud JF, Makihara S, Yam PT, Cayouette M, Charron F. Boc Acts via Numb as a Shh-Dependent Endocytic Platform for Ptch1 Internalization and Shh-Mediated Axon Guidance. Neuron 2019; 102:1157-1171.e5. [PMID: 31054872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During development, Shh attracts commissural axons toward the floor plate through a non-canonical, transcription-independent signaling pathway that requires the receptor Boc. Here, we find that Shh induces Boc internalization into early endosomes and that endocytosis is required for Shh-mediated growth-cone turning. Numb, an endocytic adaptor, binds to Boc and is required for Boc internalization, Shh-mediated growth-cone turning in vitro, and commissural axon guidance in vivo. Similar to Boc, Ptch1 is also internalized by Shh in a Numb-dependent manner; however, the binding of Shh to Ptch1 alone is not sufficient to induce Ptch1 internalization nor growth-cone turning. Therefore, the binding of Shh to Boc is required for Ptch1 internalization and growth-cone turning. Our data support a model where Boc endocytosis via Numb is required for Ptch1 internalization and Shh signaling in axon guidance. Thus, Boc acts as a Shh-dependent endocytic platform gating Ptch1 internalization and Shh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Ferent
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fanny Giguère
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Steves Morin
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Michaud
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Shirin Makihara
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Patricia T Yam
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Frederic Charron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
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17
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Cayouette M. Ben Barres (1954-2017). Development 2018; 145:145/6/dev164954. [PMID: 29549107 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ben Barres changed our view of glial cell function and impacted the lives of many people who interacted with him. Remembering an outstanding scientist and mentor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada, H2W 1R7 .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3A 0C7.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3T 1J4
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18
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Javed A, Cayouette M. Temporal Progression of Retinal Progenitor Cell Identity: Implications in Cell Replacement Therapies. Front Neural Circuits 2017; 11:105. [PMID: 29375321 PMCID: PMC5770695 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2017.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal degenerative diseases, which lead to the death of rod and cone photoreceptor cells, are the leading cause of inherited vision loss worldwide. Induced pluripotent or embryonic stem cells (iPSCs/ESCs) have been proposed as a possible source of new photoreceptors to restore vision in these conditions. The proof of concept studies carried out in mouse models of retinal degeneration over the past decade have highlighted several limitations for cell replacement in the retina, such as the low efficiency of cone photoreceptor production from stem cell cultures and the poor integration of grafted cells in the host retina. Current protocols to generate photoreceptors from stem cells are largely based on the use of extracellular factors. Although these factors are essential to induce the retinal progenitor cell (RPC) fate from iPSCs/ESCs, developmental studies have shown that RPCs alter fate output as a function of time (i.e., their temporal identity) to generate the seven major classes of retinal cell types, rather than spatial position. Surprisingly, current stem cell differentiation protocols largely ignore the intrinsic temporal identity of dividing RPCs, which we argue likely explains the low efficiency of cone production in such cultures. In this article, we briefly review the mechanisms regulating temporal identity in RPCs and discuss how they could be exploited to improve cone photoreceptor production for cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Abstract
Recent studies reported the transfer of fluorescent labels between grafted and host cells after transplantation of photoreceptor precursor cells in the mouse retina. While clearly impacting the interpretation of transplantation studies in the retina, the potential impact of material transfer in other experimental paradigms using cell-specific labels remains uncertain. Here, we briefly review the evidence supporting material transfer in transplantation studies and discuss whether it might influence retinal cell lineage tracing experiments in developmental and regeneration studies. We also propose ways to control for the possible confounding occurrence of label exchange in such experiments. Developmental Dynamics 247:10-17, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Boudreau-Pinsonneault
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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20
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Abstract
Specialized areas in the vertebrate retina are critical for high-acuity vision, yet the molecular mechanisms driving the development of high-acuity areas (HAAs) remain largely unknown. In Developmental Cell, da Silva and Cepko (2017) show that restricted degradation of retinoic acid and elevated FGF8 signaling give rise to the chick HAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Tufford
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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21
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Chew KS, Renna JM, McNeill DS, Fernandez DC, Keenan WT, Thomsen MB, Ecker JL, Loevinsohn GS, VanDunk C, Vicarel DC, Tufford A, Weng S, Gray PA, Cayouette M, Herzog ED, Zhao H, Berson DM, Hattar S. A subset of ipRGCs regulates both maturation of the circadian clock and segregation of retinogeniculate projections in mice. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28617242 PMCID: PMC5513697 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual system consists of two major subsystems, image-forming circuits that drive conscious vision and non-image-forming circuits for behaviors such as circadian photoentrainment. While historically considered non-overlapping, recent evidence has uncovered crosstalk between these subsystems. Here, we investigated shared developmental mechanisms. We revealed an unprecedented role for light in the maturation of the circadian clock and discovered that intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are critical for this refinement process. In addition, ipRGCs regulate retinal waves independent of light, and developmental ablation of a subset of ipRGCs disrupts eye-specific segregation of retinogeniculate projections. Specifically, a subset of ipRGCs, comprising ~200 cells and which project intraretinally and to circadian centers in the brain, are sufficient to mediate both of these developmental processes. Thus, this subset of ipRGCs constitute a shared node in the neural networks that mediate light-dependent maturation of the circadian clock and light-independent refinement of retinogeniculate projections. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22861.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie S Chew
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Jordan M Renna
- Department of Biology, Program in Integrated Bioscience, The University of Akron, Akron, United States
| | - David S McNeill
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Diego C Fernandez
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - William T Keenan
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michael B Thomsen
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Jennifer L Ecker
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - Cassandra VanDunk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, United States
| | - Daniel C Vicarel
- Department of Biology, Program in Integrated Bioscience, The University of Akron, Akron, United States
| | - Adele Tufford
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut De Recherches Cliniques De Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shijun Weng
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, United States
| | - Paul A Gray
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, United States.,Indigo Agriculture, Charlestown, United States
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut De Recherches Cliniques De Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université De Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Erik D Herzog
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
| | - Haiqing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - David M Berson
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, United States
| | - Samer Hattar
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
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22
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Bélanger MC, Robert B, Cayouette M. Msx1-Positive Progenitors in the Retinal Ciliary Margin Give Rise to Both Neural and Non-neural Progenies in Mammals. Dev Cell 2016; 40:137-150. [PMID: 28011038 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In lower vertebrates, stem/progenitor cells located in a peripheral domain of the retina, called the ciliary margin zone (CMZ), cooperate with retinal domain progenitors to build the mature neural retina. In mammals, it is believed that the CMZ lacks neurogenic potential and that the retina develops from one pool of multipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs). Here we identify a population of Msx1-expressing progenitors in the mouse CMZ that is both molecularly and functionally distinct from RPCs. Using genetic lineage tracing, we report that Msx1 progenitors have unique developmental properties compared with RPCs. Msx1 lineages contain both neural retina and non-neural ciliary epithelial progenies and overall generate fewer photoreceptors than classical RPC lineages. Furthermore, we show that the endocytic adaptor protein Numb regulates the balance between neural and non-neural fates in Msx1 progenitors. These results uncover a population of CMZ progenitors, distinct from classical RPCs, that also contributes to mammalian retinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Bélanger
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Benoit Robert
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Morphogenesis, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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23
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Tarchini B, Tadenev ALD, Devanney N, Cayouette M. A link between planar polarity and staircase-like bundle architecture in hair cells. Development 2016; 143:3926-3932. [PMID: 27660326 DOI: 10.1242/dev.139089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sensory perception in the inner ear relies on the hair bundle, the highly polarized brush of movement detectors that crowns hair cells. We previously showed that, in the mouse cochlea, the edge of the forming bundle is defined by the 'bare zone', a microvilli-free sub-region of apical membrane specified by the Insc-LGN-Gαi protein complex. We now report that LGN and Gαi also occupy the very tip of stereocilia that directly abut the bare zone. We demonstrate that LGN and Gαi are both essential for promoting the elongation and differential identity of stereocilia across rows. Interestingly, we also reveal that total LGN-Gαi protein amounts are actively balanced between the bare zone and stereocilia tips, suggesting that early planar asymmetry of protein enrichment at the bare zone confers adjacent stereocilia their tallest identity. We propose that LGN and Gαi participate in a long-inferred signal that originates outside the bundle to model its staircase-like architecture, a property that is essential for direction sensitivity to mechanical deflection and hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Tarchini
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA .,Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering (GSBSE), University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.,Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | | | | | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7 .,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1J4.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4
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24
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Lacomme M, Tarchini B, Boudreau-Pinsonneault C, Monat C, Cayouette M. The LGN protein promotes planar proliferative divisions in the neocortex but apicobasal asymmetric terminal divisions in the retina. Development 2016; 143:575-81. [PMID: 26755700 DOI: 10.1242/dev.129783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell division orientation is crucial to control segregation of polarized fate determinants in the daughter cells to produce symmetric or asymmetric fate outcomes. Most studies in vertebrates have focused on the role of mitotic spindle orientation in proliferative asymmetric divisions and it remains unclear whether altering spindle orientation is required for the production of asymmetric fates in differentiative terminal divisions. Here, we show that the GoLoco motif protein LGN, which interacts with Gαi to control apicobasal division orientation in Drosophila neuroblasts, is excluded from the apical domain of retinal progenitors undergoing planar divisions, but not in those undergoing apicobasal divisions. Inactivation of LGN reduces the number of apicobasal divisions in mouse retinal progenitors, whereas it conversely increases these divisions in cortical progenitors. Although LGN inactivation increases the number of progenitors outside the ventricular zone in the developing neocortex, it has no effect on the position or number of progenitors in the retina. Retinal progenitor cell lineage analysis in LGN mutant mice, however, shows an increase in symmetric terminal divisions producing two photoreceptors, at the expense of asymmetric terminal divisions producing a photoreceptor and a bipolar or amacrine cell. Similarly, inactivating Gαi decreases asymmetric terminal divisions, suggesting that LGN function with Gαi to control division orientation in retinal progenitors. Together, these results show a context-dependent function for LGN and indicate that apicobasal divisions are not involved in proliferative asymmetric divisions in the mouse retina, but are instead essential to generate binary fates at terminal divisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Lacomme
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | - Basile Tarchini
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | - Camille Boudreau-Pinsonneault
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7 Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Carine Monat
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7 Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4 Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3T 1J4 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 0G4
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25
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Chiu CW, Monat C, Robitaille M, Lacomme M, Daulat AM, Macleod G, McNeill H, Cayouette M, Angers S. SAPCD2 Controls Spindle Orientation and Asymmetric Divisions by Negatively Regulating the Gαi-LGN-NuMA Ternary Complex. Dev Cell 2016; 36:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Mattar P, Cayouette M. Mechanisms of temporal identity regulation in mouse retinal progenitor cells. Neurogenesis (Austin) 2015; 2:e1125409. [PMID: 27606333 PMCID: PMC4973599 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2015.1125409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
While much progress has been made in recent years toward elucidating the transcription factor codes controlling how neural progenitor cells generate the various glial and neuronal cell types in a particular spatial domain, much less is known about how these progenitors alter their output over time. In the past years, work in the developing mouse retina has provided evidence that a transcriptional cascade similar to the one used in Drosophila neuroblasts might control progenitor temporal identity in vertebrates. The zinc finger transcription factor Ikzf1 (Ikaros), an ortholog of Drosophila hunchback, was reported to confer early temporal identity in retinal progenitors and, more recently, the ortholog of Drosophila castor, Casz1, was found to function as a mid/late temporal identity factor that is negatively regulated by Ikzf1. The molecular mechanisms by which these temporal identity factors function in retinal progenitors, however, remain unknown. Here we briefly review previous work on the vertebrate temporal identity factors in the retina, and propose a model by which they might operate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine; Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Division of Experimental Medicine; McGill University Montréal, QC, Canada
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27
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DeGeer J, Kaplan A, Mattar P, Morabito M, Stochaj U, Kennedy TE, Debant A, Cayouette M, Fournier AE, Lamarche-Vane N. Hsc70 chaperone activity underlies Trio GEF function in axon growth and guidance induced by netrin-1. J Cell Biol 2015; 210:817-32. [PMID: 26323693 PMCID: PMC4555821 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201505084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, netrin-1 is both an attractive and repulsive axon guidance cue and mediates its attractive function through the receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC). The activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases within the extending growth cone facilitates the dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton required to drive axon extension. The Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Trio is essential for netrin-1-induced axon outgrowth and guidance. Here, we identify the molecular chaperone heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) as a novel Trio regulator. Hsc70 dynamically associated with the N-terminal region and Rac1 GEF domain of Trio. Whereas Hsc70 expression supported Trio-dependent Rac1 activation, adenosine triphosphatase-deficient Hsc70 (D10N) abrogated Trio Rac1 GEF activity and netrin-1-induced Rac1 activation. Hsc70 was required for netrin-1-mediated axon growth and attraction in vitro, whereas Hsc70 activity supported callosal projections and radial neuronal migration in the embryonic neocortex. These findings demonstrate that Hsc70 chaperone activity is required for Rac1 activation by Trio and this function underlies netrin-1/DCC-dependent axon outgrowth and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan DeGeer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Andrew Kaplan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Morgane Morabito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Anne Debant
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5237, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quubec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alyson E Fournier
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
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28
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Leung V, Iliescu A, Jolicoeur C, Gravel M, Apuzzo S, Torban E, Cayouette M, Gros P. The planar cell polarity protein Vangl2 is required for retinal axon guidance. Dev Neurobiol 2015; 76:150-65. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Leung
- Complex Traits Group, McGill University; Montreal Canada
- Department of Human Genetics; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - Alexandra Iliescu
- Complex Traits Group, McGill University; Montreal Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - Christine Jolicoeur
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit; Institut De Recherches Cliniques De Montréal; Montreal Canada
| | - Michel Gravel
- Department of Biochemistry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - Sergio Apuzzo
- Department of Biochemistry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - Elena Torban
- Department of Medicine; McGill University Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit; Institut De Recherches Cliniques De Montréal; Montreal Canada
- Faculty of Medicine; Université De Montréal; Montreal Canada
| | - Philippe Gros
- Complex Traits Group, McGill University; Montreal Canada
- Department of Human Genetics; McGill University; Montreal Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
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29
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Abstract
Little is known about how vertebrate neural progenitors in a given spatial domain change their identity over time. In this issue of Neuron, Dias et al. (2014) discover that hindbrain progenitors switch their output in response to TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Mattar
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1P1, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B2, Canada.
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30
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Kmoch S, Majewski J, Ramamurthy V, Cao S, Fahiminiya S, Ren H, MacDonald IM, Lopez I, Sun V, Keser V, Khan A, Stránecký V, Hartmannová H, Přistoupilová A, Hodaňová K, Piherová L, Kuchař L, Baxová A, Chen R, Barsottini OGP, Pyle A, Griffin H, Splitt M, Sallum J, Tolmie JL, Sampson JR, Chinnery P, Banin E, Sharon D, Dutta S, Grebler R, Helfrich-Foerster C, Pedroso JL, Kretzschmar D, Cayouette M, Koenekoop RK. Mutations in PNPLA6 are linked to photoreceptor degeneration and various forms of childhood blindness. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5614. [PMID: 25574898 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Blindness due to retinal degeneration affects millions of people worldwide, but many disease-causing mutations remain unknown. PNPLA6 encodes the patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein 6, also known as neuropathy target esterase (NTE), which is the target of toxic organophosphates that induce human paralysis due to severe axonopathy of large neurons. Mutations in PNPLA6 also cause human spastic paraplegia characterized by motor neuron degeneration. Here we identify PNPLA6 mutations in childhood blindness in seven families with retinal degeneration, including Leber congenital amaurosis and Oliver McFarlane syndrome. PNPLA6 localizes mostly at the inner segment plasma membrane in photoreceptors and mutations in Drosophila PNPLA6 lead to photoreceptor cell death. We also report that lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidic acid levels are elevated in mutant Drosophila. These findings show a role for PNPLA6 in photoreceptor survival and identify phospholipid metabolism as a potential therapeutic target for some forms of blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kmoch
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - J Majewski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G1
| | - V Ramamurthy
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110, Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | - S Cao
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - S Fahiminiya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G1
| | - H Ren
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - I M MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta/Royal Alexandra Hospital, 10240 Kingsway Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada AB T5H 3V9
| | - I Lopez
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Sun
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Keser
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - A Khan
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Stránecký
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - H Hartmannová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Přistoupilová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - K Hodaňová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - L Piherová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - L Kuchař
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Baxová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - R Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - O G P Barsottini
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - A Pyle
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - H Griffin
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - M Splitt
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - J Sallum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - J L Tolmie
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - J R Sampson
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - P Chinnery
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | | | - E Banin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - D Sharon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - S Dutta
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - R Grebler
- Lehrstuhl fuer Neurobiology und Genetik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - C Helfrich-Foerster
- Lehrstuhl fuer Neurobiology und Genetik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - J L Pedroso
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - D Kretzschmar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - M Cayouette
- 1] Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110, Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7 [2] Departement de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1P1 [3] Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2
| | - R K Koenekoop
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
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Abstract
Drosophila neural progenitor cells are competent to give rise to certain neuronal cell types only during a limited period of time. Kohwi et al. link the termination of early competence to changes in subnuclear organization of chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.
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Abstract
A fundamental question in developmental neuroscience is how a collection of progenitor cells proliferates and differentiates to create a brain of the appropriate size and cellular composition. To address this issue, we devised lineage-tracing assays in developing zebrafish embryos to reconstruct entire retinal lineage progressions in vivo and thereby provide a complete quantitative map of the generation of a vertebrate CNS tissue from individual progenitors. These lineage data are consistent with a simple model in which the retina is derived from a set of equipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) that are subject to stochastic factors controlling lineage progression. Clone formation in mutant embryos reveals that the transcription factor Ath5 acts as a molecular link between fate choice and mode of cell division, giving insight into the elusive molecular mechanisms of histogenesis, the conserved temporal order by which neurons of different types exit the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
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35
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Tarchini B, Jolicoeur C, Cayouette M. In vivo evidence for unbiased Ikaros retinal lineages using an Ikaros-Cre mouse line driving clonal recombination. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:1973-85. [PMID: 23074133 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We showed previously that the transcription factor Ikaros is expressed in early but not late retinal progenitors cells (RPCs), and is necessary and sufficient for the production of early-born neurons. Preliminary evidence using retinal explant cultures qualitatively suggested that Ikaros-positive RPCs might share a common lineage with Ikaros-negative RPCs. RESULTS To explore further this question in vivo in a quantitative manner, we generated BAC transgenic mouse lines expressing Cre recombinase under the regulatory elements of the Ikaros gene, and crossed them with Cre reporter lines. Different transgenic lines labeled a variable number of RPCs, resulting in either dense or sparse radial arrays of reporter-positive progenies. Analysis of over 800 isolated cell arrays, which are most likely clones, confirmed that Ikaros-expressing RPCs generate both early- and late-born cell types in the same lineage, and that the overall cell composition of the arrays closely resembles that of the population of the mature retina. Interestingly, another sparse line did not label arrays, but appeared to specifically reflect Ikaros postmitotic expression in amacrine and ganglion cells. CONCLUSIONS These mouse lines confirm the unbiased potential of the Ikaros lineage in vivo and provide novel tools for clonal lineage tracing and single neuron tracking in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Tarchini
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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36
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Gomes FLAF, Zhang G, Carbonell F, Correa JA, Harris WA, Simons BD, Cayouette M. Reconstruction of rat retinal progenitor cell lineages in vitro reveals a surprising degree of stochasticity in cell fate decisions. Development 2010; 138:227-35. [PMID: 21148186 DOI: 10.1242/dev.059683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In vivo cell lineage-tracing studies in the vertebrate retina have revealed that the sizes and cellular compositions of retinal clones are highly variable. It has been challenging to ascertain whether this variability reflects distinct but reproducible lineages among many different retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) or is the product of stochastic fate decisions operating within a population of more equivalent RPCs. To begin to distinguish these possibilities, we developed a method for long-term videomicroscopy to follow the lineages of rat perinatal RPCs cultured at clonal density. In such cultures, cell-cell interactions between two different clones are eliminated and the extracellular environment is kept constant, allowing us to study the cell-intrinsic potential of a given RPC. Quantitative analysis of the reconstructed lineages showed that the mode of division of RPCs is strikingly consistent with a simple stochastic pattern of behavior in which the decision to multiply or differentiate is set by fixed probabilities. The variability seen in the composition and order of cell type genesis within clones is well described by assuming that each of the four different retinal cell types generated at this stage is chosen stochastically by differentiating neurons, with relative probabilities of each type set by their abundance in the mature retina. Although a few of the many possible combinations of cell types within clones occur at frequencies that are incompatible with a fully stochastic model, our results support the notion that stochasticity has a major role during retinal development and therefore possibly in other parts of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco L A F Gomes
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
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37
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Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-rich hair-like extensions protruding from the surface of most post-mitotic cells. They act as sensory organelles that help interpret various environmental cues. Mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in ciliogenesis or protein transport to the primary cilia lead to a wide variety of diseases commonly referred to as ciliopathies,which include primary ciliary dyskinesia, situs invertus, hydrocephalus, kidney diseases, respiratory diseases, and retinal degenerations. In the retina, the photoreceptor cells have a highly specialized primary cilium called the outer segment (OS), which is essential for photosensation. Development of the photoreceptor OS shares key regulatory mechanisms with ciliogenesis in other cell types. Accumulating evidence indicates that mutations that affect OS development and/or protein transport to the OS generally lead to photoreceptor degeneration, which can be accompanied by a range of other clinical manifestations due to the dysfunction of primary cilia in different cell types. Here, we review the general mechanisms regulating ciliogenesis, and present different examples of mutations affecting OS ciliogenesis and protein transport that lead to photoreceptor degeneration. Overall, we conclude that the genetic and molecular evidence accumulated in recent years suggest a clear link between the development and function of the primary cilium and various clinical conditions. Future studies aimed at uncovering the cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in ciliogenesis in a wide variety of animal models should greatly increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of many human diseases, including retinal degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramamurthy
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, QC, Canada
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38
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Kechad A, Cayouette M. 08-P010 Numb is required for terminal but not self-renewing asymmetric cell divisions in the developing mouse retina. Mech Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2009.06.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Elliott J, Jolicoeur C, Ramamurthy V, Cayouette M. Ikaros confers early temporal competence to mouse retinal progenitor cells. Neuron 2008; 60:26-39. [PMID: 18940586 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the developing mouse retina, multipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) give rise to specific retinal cell types at different times, but the molecular mechanisms regulating how RPCs change over time remain unclear. In the Drosophila neuroblast lineage, the zinc finger transcription factor Hunchback (Hb) is both necessary and sufficient to specify early-born neuronal identity. We show here that Ikaros, a mouse ortholog of Hb, is expressed in all early embryonic RPCs, which then give rise to Ikaros-negative RPCs at later stages in the lineage. Remarkably, misexpression of Ikaros in late RPCs is sufficient to confer competence to generate early-born neurons. Conversely, Ikaros mutant mice have reduced numbers of early-born cell types, whereas late-born cell types are not affected. These results suggest a model in which Ikaros expression is both necessary and sufficient to confer early temporal competence to RPCs and raise the possibility that a similar strategy might be used to control the sequential order of cell birth in other parts of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Elliott
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
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Elliott J, Cayouette M, Gravel C. The CNTF/LIF signaling pathway regulates developmental programmed cell death and differentiation of rod precursor cells in the mouse retina in vivo. Dev Biol 2006; 300:583-98. [PMID: 17054938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 08/31/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural cell death is critical for normal development of the nervous system, but the extracellular regulators of developmental cell death remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of the CNTF/LIF signaling pathway during mouse retinal development in vivo. We show that exposure to CNTF during neonatal retinal development in vivo retards rhodopsin expression and results in an important and specific deficit in photoreceptor cells. Detailed analysis revealed that exposure to CNTF during retinal development causes a sharp increase in cell death of postmitotic rod precursor cells. Importantly, we show that blocking the CNTF/LIF signaling pathway during mouse retinal development in vivo results in a significant reduction of naturally occurring cell death. Using retroviral lineage analysis, we demonstrate that exposure to CNTF causes a specific reduction of clones containing only rods without affecting other clone types, whereas blocking the CNTF/LIF receptor complex causes a specific increase of clones containing only rods. In addition, we show that stimulation of the CNTF/LIF pathway positively regulates the expression of the neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) genes, and blocking nitric oxide production by pre-treatment with a NOS inhibitor abolishes CNTF-induced cell death. Taken together, these results indicate that the CNTF/LIF signaling pathway acts via regulation of nitric oxide production to modulate developmental programmed cell death of postmitotic rod precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Elliott
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110, avenue des Pins Ouest Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7
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42
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Chan JR, Jolicoeur C, Yamauchi J, Elliott J, Fawcett JP, Ng BK, Cayouette M. The polarity protein Par-3 directly interacts with p75NTR to regulate myelination. Science 2006; 314:832-6. [PMID: 17082460 DOI: 10.1126/science.1134069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarity is critical in various cellular processes ranging from cell migration to asymmetric cell division and axon and dendrite specification. Similarly, myelination by Schwann cells is polarized, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, we show that the polarity protein Par-3 localizes asymmetrically in Schwann cells at the axon-glial junction and that disruption of Par-3 localization, by overexpression and knockdown, inhibits myelination. Additionally, we show that Par-3 directly associates and recruits the p75 neurotrophin receptor to the axon-glial junction, forming a complex necessary for myelination. Together, these results point to a critical role in the establishment of cell polarity for myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah R Chan
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, USA.
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Abstract
Recent results are changing the way we think about cell-fate decision mechanisms in the retina. For a long time it was accepted that lineage was not important in retinal cellular determination but, as we review here, new data show that lineage programmes might be at the heart of this process. These programmes are intrinsic, but they are also plastic and are influenced by extrinsic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.
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Zigman M, Cayouette M, Charalambous C, Schleiffer A, Hoeller O, Dunican D, McCudden CR, Firnberg N, Barres BA, Siderovski DP, Knoblich JA. Mammalian Inscuteable Regulates Spindle Orientation and Cell Fate in the Developing Retina. Neuron 2005; 48:539-45. [PMID: 16301171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2005] [Revised: 09/06/2005] [Accepted: 09/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
During mammalian neurogenesis, progenitor cells can divide with the mitotic spindle oriented parallel or perpendicular to the surface of the neuroepithelium. Perpendicular divisions are more likely to be asymmetric and generate one progenitor and one neuronal precursor. Whether the orientation of the mitotic spindle actually determines their asymmetric outcome is unclear. Here, we characterize a mammalian homolog of Inscuteable (mInsc), a key regulator of spindle orientation in Drosophila. mInsc is expressed temporally and spatially in a manner that suggests a role in orienting the mitotic spindle in the developing nervous system. Using retroviral RNAi in rat retinal explants, we show that downregulation of mInsc inhibits vertical divisions. This results in enhanced proliferation, consistent with a higher frequency of symmetric divisions generating two proliferating cells. Our results suggest that the orientation of neural progenitor divisions is important for cell fate specification in the retina and determines their symmetric or asymmetric outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Zigman
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr Bohr Gasse 3-5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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45
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Abstract
Cell diversification in the developing nervous system is thought to involve both cell-intrinsic mechanisms and extracellular signals, but their relative importance in particular cell fate decisions remains uncertain. In the mammalian retina, different cell types develop on a predictable schedule from multipotent retinal neuroepithelial cells (RNECs). A current view is that RNECs pass through a series of competence states, progressively changing their responsiveness to instructive extracellular cues, which also change over time. We show here, however, that embryonic day 16-17 (E16-17) rat RNECs develop similarly in serum-free clonal-density cultures and in serum-containing retinal explants--in the number of times they divide, the cell types they generate, and the order in which they generate these cell types. These surprising results suggest that extracellular signals may be less important than currently believed in determining when RNECs stop dividing and what cell types they generate when they withdraw from the cell cycle, at least from E16-17 onward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Cell Biology Unit, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT United Kingdom.
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46
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Abstract
Asymmetric segregation of cell-fate determinants during cell division plays an important part in generating cell diversity in invertebrates. We showed previously that cells in the neonatal rat retina divide at various orientations and that some dividing cells asymmetrically distribute the cell-fate determinant Numb to the two daughter cells. Here, we test the possibility that such asymmetric divisions contribute to retinal cell diversification. We have used long-term videomicroscopy of green-fluorescent-protein (GFP)-labeled retinal explants from neonatal rats to visualize the plane of cell division and follow the differentiation of the daughter cells. We found that cells that divided with a horizontal mitotic spindle, where both daughter cells should inherit Numb, tended to produce daughters that became the same cell type, whereas cells that divided with a vertical mitotic spindle, where only one daughter cell should inherit Numb, tended to produce daughters that became different. Moreover, overexpression of Numb in the dividing cells promoted the development of photoreceptor cells at the expense of interneurons and Müller glial cells. These findings indicate that the plane of cell division influences cell-fate choice in the neonatal rat retina and support the hypothesis that the asymmetric segregation of Numb normally influences some of these choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Cell Biology Unit, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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47
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Abstract
Two-photon excitation microscopy was used to reconstruct cell divisions in living zebrafish embryonic retinas. Contrary to proposed models for vertebrate asymmetric divisions, no apico-basal cell divisions take place in the zebrafish retina during the generation of postmitotic neurons. However, a surprising shift in the orientation of cell division from central-peripheral to circumferential occurs within the plane of the ventricular surface. In the sonic you (syu) and lakritz (lak) mutants, the shift from central-peripheral to circumferential divisions is absent or delayed, correlating with the delay in neuronal differentiation and neurogenesis in these mutants. The reconstructions here show that mitotic cells always remain in contact with the opposite basal surface by means of a thin basal process that can be inherited asymmetrically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilak Das
- Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
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Cayouette M, Raff M. Asymmetric segregation of Numb: a mechanism for neural specification from Drosophila to mammals. Nat Neurosci 2002; 5:1265-9. [PMID: 12447381 DOI: 10.1038/nn1202-1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2002] [Accepted: 10/17/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is a major challenge to understand how the neuroepithelial cells of the developing CNS choose between alternative cell fates to generate cell diversity. In invertebrates such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, asymmetric segregation of cell-fate determining proteins or mRNAs to the two daughter cells during precursor cell division plays a crucial part in cell diversification. There is increasing evidence that this mechanism also operates in vertebrate neural development and that Numb proteins, which function as cell-fate determinants during Drosophila development, may also function in this way in vertebrates. Recent studies on mouse cortical progenitor cells have provided the strongest evidence yet that this is the case. Here, we review these and other findings that suggest an important role for the asymmetric segregation of Numb proteins in vertebrate neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Cayouette
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Cell Biology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Cayouette M, Whitmore AV, Jeffery G, Raff M. Asymmetric segregation of Numb in retinal development and the influence of the pigmented epithelium. J Neurosci 2001; 21:5643-51. [PMID: 11466435 PMCID: PMC6762650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric segregation of cell-fate determinants during cytokinesis plays an important part in controlling cell-fate choice in invertebrates. During Drosophila neurogenesis, for example, asymmetric segregation of the Numb protein, which inhibits Notch signaling, is necessary for the two daughter cells of a division to have different fates. In vertebrates, the role of asymmetric segregation of cell-fate determinants is uncertain, and the way the process might be regulated is unknown. We have studied the orientation of cell divisions and the distribution of Numb in the developing rat retina. We show that, whereas most retinal neuroepithelial cells divide with their mitotic spindles oriented parallel to the plane of the neuroepithelium, a substantial minority divides with their spindles oriented perpendicularly. The proportion of these vertically dividing cells changes during development, peaking around the day of birth. Numb appears to be inherited only by the apical daughter cell when a neuroepithelial cell divides vertically. Similarly, in dissociated cell cultures, some retinal neuroepithelial cells divide asymmetrically and distribute Numb to only one of the two daughter cells, suggesting that the dissociated cells can retain their polarity in vitro. Using retinal explant cultures, we find that the retinal pigment epithelium apparently promotes vertical divisions in the neural retina. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that asymmetric segregation of cell-fate determinants may contribute to cell diversification in the mammalian retina and that an epithelium controls this process by influencing the plane of division in the adjacent neural retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cayouette
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the Biology Department, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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Murphy MP, Beaman ME, Clark LS, Cayouette M, Benson L, Morris DM, Polli JW. Prospective CYP2D6 genotyping as an exclusion criterion for enrollment of a phase III clinical trial. Pharmacogenetics 2000; 10:583-90. [PMID: 11037800 DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200010000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A phase III study was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of lamotrigine (Lamictal), desipramine (Norpramin), and placebo in the treatment of unipolar depression. Desipramine is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), and kinetics of this compound are altered in poor metabolizers. Genotyping was utilized to exclude poor metabolizers in order to increase subject safety and to eliminate the need to continuously monitor plasma desipramine levels. As part of screening, subjects were genotyped for the *3(A), *4(B), and *5(D) alleles, which identify approximately 95% of poor metabolizers. Extensive metabolizers were eligible for randomization to the lamotrigine, desipramine, or placebo arm. Follow-up genotyping for the *6(T) and *7(E) alleles was performed after study enrollment and was used to identify poor metabolizers who may have been incorrectly identified as extensive metabolizers upon initial three-allele screening. Of 628 subjects screened for *3(A), *4(B), *5(D) alleles, 590 (93.9%) were classified as extensive metabolizers. The remaining 38 (6.1%) subjects were poor metabolizers and excluded. Subsequent *6(T) and *7(E) testing revealed that two poor metabolizers had been enrolled, and the follow-up genotyping provided an explanation for the high desipramine plasma concentrations in one subject. No differences in phenotypic or allelic frequencies were found between the study population and literature populations. However, the frequency of poor metabolizers varied among clinical sites (0-15%). For a compound that is extensively metabolized by CYP2D6, prescreening subjects for *3(A), *4(B), *5(D), *6(T) and *7(E) alleles can increase subject safety and eliminate the need to continuously monitor drug plasma concentrations.
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