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Bick AG, Metcalf GA, Mayo KR, Lichtenstein L, Rura S, Carroll RJ, Musick A, Linder JE, Jordan IK, Nagar SD, Sharma S, Meller R, Basford M, Boerwinkle E, Cicek MS, Doheny KF, Eichler EE, Gabriel S, Gibbs RA, Glazer D, Harris PA, Jarvik GP, Philippakis A, Rehm HL, Roden DM, Thibodeau SN, Topper S, Blegen AL, Wirkus SJ, Wagner VA, Meyer JG, Cicek MS, Muzny DM, Venner E, Mawhinney MZ, Griffith SML, Hsu E, Ling H, Adams MK, Walker K, Hu J, Doddapaneni H, Kovar CL, Murugan M, Dugan S, Khan Z, Boerwinkle E, Lennon NJ, Austin-Tse C, Banks E, Gatzen M, Gupta N, Henricks E, Larsson K, McDonough S, Harrison SM, Kachulis C, Lebo MS, Neben CL, Steeves M, Zhou AY, Smith JD, Frazar CD, Davis CP, Patterson KE, Wheeler MM, McGee S, Lockwood CM, Shirts BH, Pritchard CC, Murray ML, Vasta V, Leistritz D, Richardson MA, Buchan JG, Radhakrishnan A, Krumm N, Ehmen BW, Schwartz S, Aster MMT, Cibulskis K, Haessly A, Asch R, Cremer A, Degatano K, Shergill A, Gauthier LD, Lee SK, Hatcher A, Grant GB, Brandt GR, Covarrubias M, Banks E, Able A, Green AE, Carroll RJ, Zhang J, Condon HR, Wang Y, Dillon MK, Albach CH, Baalawi W, Choi SH, Wang X, Rosenthal EA, Ramirez AH, Lim S, Nambiar S, Ozenberger B, Wise AL, Lunt C, Ginsburg GS, Denny JC. Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program. Nature 2024; 627:340-346. [PMID: 38374255 PMCID: PMC10937371 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensively mapping the genetic basis of human disease across diverse individuals is a long-standing goal for the field of human genetics1-4. The All of Us Research Program is a longitudinal cohort study aiming to enrol a diverse group of at least one million individuals across the USA to accelerate biomedical research and improve human health5,6. Here we describe the programme's genomics data release of 245,388 clinical-grade genome sequences. This resource is unique in its diversity as 77% of participants are from communities that are historically under-represented in biomedical research and 46% are individuals from under-represented racial and ethnic minorities. All of Us identified more than 1 billion genetic variants, including more than 275 million previously unreported genetic variants, more than 3.9 million of which had coding consequences. Leveraging linkage between genomic data and the longitudinal electronic health record, we evaluated 3,724 genetic variants associated with 117 diseases and found high replication rates across both participants of European ancestry and participants of African ancestry. Summary-level data are publicly available, and individual-level data can be accessed by researchers through the All of Us Researcher Workbench using a unique data passport model with a median time from initial researcher registration to data access of 29 hours. We anticipate that this diverse dataset will advance the promise of genomic medicine for all.
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Horwitz LI, Thaweethai T, Brosnahan SB, Cicek MS, Fitzgerald ML, Goldman JD, Hess R, Hodder SL, Jacoby VL, Jordan MR, Krishnan JA, Laiyemo AO, Metz TD, Nichols L, Patzer RE, Sekar A, Singer NG, Stiles LE, Taylor BS, Ahmed S, Algren HA, Anglin K, Aponte-Soto L, Ashktorab H, Bassett IV, Bedi B, Bhadelia N, Bime C, Bind MAC, Black LJ, Blomkalns AL, Brim H, Castro M, Chan J, Charney AW, Chen BK, Chen LQ, Chen P, Chestek D, Chibnik LB, Chow DC, Chu HY, Clifton RG, Collins S, Costantine MM, Cribbs SK, Deeks SG, Dickinson JD, Donohue SE, Durstenfeld MS, Emery IF, Erlandson KM, Facelli JC, Farah-Abraham R, Finn AV, Fischer MS, Flaherman VJ, Fleurimont J, Fonseca V, Gallagher EJ, Gander JC, Gennaro ML, Gibson KS, Go M, Goodman SN, Granger JP, Greenway FL, Hafner JW, Han JE, Harkins MS, Hauser KSP, Heath JR, Hernandez CR, Ho O, Hoffman MK, Hoover SE, Horowitz CR, Hsu H, Hsue PY, Hughes BL, Jagannathan P, James JA, John J, Jolley S, Judd SE, Juskowich JJ, Kanjilal DG, Karlson EW, Katz SD, Kelly JD, Kelly SW, Kim AY, Kirwan JP, Knox KS, Kumar A, Lamendola-Essel MF, Lanca M, Lee-lannotti JK, Lefebvre RC, Levy BD, Lin JY, Logarbo BP, Logue JK, Longo MT, Luciano CA, Lutrick K, Malakooti SK, Mallett G, Maranga G, Marathe JG, Marconi VC, Marshall GD, Martin CF, Martin JN, May HT, McComsey GA, McDonald D, Mendez-Figueroa H, Miele L, Mittleman MA, Mohandas S, Mouchati C, Mullington JM, Nadkarni GN, Nahin ER, Neuman RB, Newman LT, Nguyen A, Nikolich JZ, Ofotokun I, Ogbogu PU, Palatnik A, Palomares KTS, Parimon T, Parry S, Parthasarathy S, Patterson TF, Pearman A, Peluso MJ, Pemu P, Pettker CM, Plunkett BA, Pogreba-Brown K, Poppas A, Porterfield JZ, Quigley JG, Quinn DK, Raissy H, Rebello CJ, Reddy UM, Reece R, Reeder HT, Rischard FP, Rosas JM, Rosen CJ, Rouphael NG, Rouse DJ, Ruff AM, Saint Jean C, Sandoval GJ, Santana JL, Schlater SM, Sciurba FC, Selvaggi C, Seshadri S, Sesso HD, Shah DP, Shemesh E, Sherif ZA, Shinnick DJ, Simhan HN, Singh U, Sowles A, Subbian V, Sun J, Suthar MS, Teunis LJ, Thorp JM, Ticotsky A, Tita ATN, Tragus R, Tuttle KR, Urdaneta AE, Utz PJ, VanWagoner TM, Vasey A, Vernon SD, Vidal C, Walker T, Ward HD, Warren DE, Weeks RM, Weiner SJ, Weyer JC, Wheeler JL, Whiteheart SW, Wiley Z, Williams NJ, Wisnivesky JP, Wood JC, Yee LM, Young NM, Zisis SN, Foulkes AS. Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) adult study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286297. [PMID: 37352211 PMCID: PMC10289397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. METHODS RECOVER-Adult is a combined prospective/retrospective cohort currently planned to enroll 14,880 adults aged ≥18 years. Eligible participants either must meet WHO criteria for suspected, probable, or confirmed infection; or must have evidence of no prior infection. Recruitment occurs at 86 sites in 33 U.S. states, Washington, DC and Puerto Rico, via facility- and community-based outreach. Participants complete quarterly questionnaires about symptoms, social determinants, vaccination status, and interim SARS-CoV-2 infections. In addition, participants contribute biospecimens and undergo physical and laboratory examinations at approximately 0, 90 and 180 days from infection or negative test date, and yearly thereafter. Some participants undergo additional testing based on specific criteria or random sampling. Patient representatives provide input on all study processes. The primary study outcome is onset of PASC, measured by signs and symptoms. A paradigm for identifying PASC cases will be defined and updated using supervised and unsupervised learning approaches with cross-validation. Logistic regression and proportional hazards regression will be conducted to investigate associations between risk factors, onset, and resolution of PASC symptoms. DISCUSSION RECOVER-Adult is the first national, prospective, longitudinal cohort of PASC among US adults. Results of this study are intended to inform public health, spur clinical trials, and expand treatment options. REGISTRATION NCT05172024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leora I. Horwitz
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tanayott Thaweethai
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shari B. Brosnahan
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mine S. Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Megan L. Fitzgerald
- Patient Led Research Collaboration on COVID-19, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Jason D. Goldman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Providence Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rachel Hess
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - S. L. Hodder
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Vanessa L. Jacoby
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Jordan
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Adeyinka O. Laiyemo
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Torri D. Metz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Lauren Nichols
- Body Politic COVID-19 Support Group, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rachel E. Patzer
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Health Services Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Anisha Sekar
- Patient Led Research Collaboration on COVID-19, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Nora G. Singer
- Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, The MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lauren E. Stiles
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Barbara S. Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Infectious Diseases, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shifa Ahmed
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Heather A. Algren
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Providence Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Khamal Anglin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco Institute of Global Health Sciences, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa Aponte-Soto
- College of Science and Health, Department of Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Ingrid V. Bassett
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nahid Bhadelia
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Policy and Research, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Marie-Abele C. Bind
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lora J. Black
- Department of Clinical Research, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Andra L. Blomkalns
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Hassan Brim
- Department of Pathology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas City, United States of America
| | - James Chan
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexander W. Charney
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin K. Chen
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Li Qing Chen
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - David Chestek
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dominic C. Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Helen Y. Chu
- Department of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rebecca G. Clifton
- Department of Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Shelby Collins
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Maged M. Costantine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sushma K. Cribbs
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - John D. Dickinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Donohue
- Department of Research Services, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Durstenfeld
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology at Zuckerberg San Francisco General, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ivette F. Emery
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Kristine M. Erlandson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Julio C. Facelli
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Rachael Farah-Abraham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Aloke V. Finn
- Department of Pathology, CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melinda S. Fischer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Infectious Diseases, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Valerie J. Flaherman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Judes Fleurimont
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Chicago, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Vivian Fonseca
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Emily J. Gallagher
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer C. Gander
- Center for Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kelly S. Gibson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Minjoung Go
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Steven N. Goodman
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Frank L. Greenway
- Clinical Trials, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - John W. Hafner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jenny E. Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michelle S. Harkins
- Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico, Health Science Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Kristine S. P. Hauser
- Clinical Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James R. Heath
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Carla R. Hernandez
- Clinical Research Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - On Ho
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Matthew K. Hoffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christiana Care Health Services, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Hoover
- Department of Clinical Research, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Carol R. Horowitz
- Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Harvey Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Priscilla Y. Hsue
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Brenna L. Hughes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Prasanna Jagannathan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Judith A. James
- Department of Arthritis & Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Janice John
- Department of Family Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sarah Jolley
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - S. E. Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Joy J. Juskowich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, West Virginia School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Diane G. Kanjilal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth W. Karlson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stuart D. Katz
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - J. Daniel Kelly
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sara W. Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics & Department of Research Services, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Arthur Y. Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Department Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kenneth S. Knox
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Andre Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | | | - Margaret Lanca
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joyce K. Lee-lannotti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neurology, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - R. Craig Lefebvre
- Communications Practice Area, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Levy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Janet Y. Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Brian P. Logarbo
- Tulane Center for Clinical Research, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Jennifer K. Logue
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michele T. Longo
- Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Luciano
- Department of Neurology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Karen Lutrick
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Arizona, College of Medicine – Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Shahdi K. Malakooti
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gail Mallett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle Maranga
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jai G. Marathe
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vincent C. Marconi
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gailen D. Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Christopher F. Martin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Heidi T. May
- Department of Cardiology, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Grace A. McComsey
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dylan McDonald
- Department of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Hector Mendez-Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Murray A. Mittleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sindhu Mohandas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christian Mouchati
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Janet M. Mullington
- Department of Neurology and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Girish N. Nadkarni
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Erica R. Nahin
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert B. Neuman
- Division of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lisa T. Newman
- Department of Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amber Nguyen
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Janko Z. Nikolich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Igho Ofotokun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Princess U. Ogbogu
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anna Palatnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kristy T. S. Palomares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Tanyalak Parimon
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Samuel Parry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Thomas F. Patterson
- Department of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ann Pearman
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Priscilla Pemu
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Christian M. Pettker
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Beth A. Plunkett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kristen Pogreba-Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Athena Poppas
- Division of Cardiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - J. Zachary Porterfield
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - John G. Quigley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Davin K. Quinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Hengameh Raissy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Candida J. Rebello
- Department of Nutrition and Chronic Disease, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Uma M. Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Reece
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, West Virginia School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Harrison T. Reeder
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Franz P. Rischard
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Johana M. Rosas
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, MaineHealth, Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Nadine G. Rouphael
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dwight J. Rouse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Adam M. Ruff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas City, United States of America
| | - Christina Saint Jean
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Grecio J. Sandoval
- Department of Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Jorge L. Santana
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Shannon M. Schlater
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Frank C. Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Caitlin Selvaggi
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dimpy P. Shah
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eyal Shemesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zaki A. Sherif
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Shinnick
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hyagriv N. Simhan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Upinder Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Amber Sowles
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Vignesh Subbian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona College of Engineering, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Larissa J. Teunis
- Health Services Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John M. Thorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amberly Ticotsky
- Department of Family Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alan T. N. Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Center for Women’s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Robin Tragus
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Katherine R. Tuttle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alfredo E. Urdaneta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - P. J. Utz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy M. VanWagoner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Andrew Vasey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Suzanne D. Vernon
- Department of Research, Bateman Horne Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Crystal Vidal
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Walker
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Honorine D. Ward
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David E. Warren
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Ryan M. Weeks
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Weiner
- Department of Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Jordan C. Weyer
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Wheeler
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sidney W. Whiteheart
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Zanthia Wiley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Natasha J. Williams
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Juan P. Wisnivesky
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John C. Wood
- Department of Pediatrics and Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lynn M. Yee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Natalie M. Young
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Providence Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sokratis N. Zisis
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Andrea S. Foulkes
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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3
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Joseph J, Pajewski NM, Dolor RJ, Ann Sellers M, Perdue LH, Peeples SR, Henrie AM, Woolard N, Jones WS, Benziger CP, Orkaby AR, Mixon AS, VanWormer JJ, Shapiro MD, Kistler CE, Polonsky TS, Chatterjee R, Chamberlain AM, Forman DE, Knowlton KU, Gill TM, Newby LK, Hammill BG, Cicek MS, Williams NA, Decker JE, Ou J, Rubinstein J, Choudhary G, Gazmuri RJ, Schmader KE, Roumie CL, Vaughan CP, Effron MB, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Supiano MA, Shah RC, Whittle JC, Hernandez AF, Ambrosius WT, Williamson JD, Alexander KP. Pragmatic evaluation of events and benefits of lipid lowering in older adults (PREVENTABLE): Trial design and rationale. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:1701-1713. [PMID: 37082807 PMCID: PMC10258159 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Whether initiation of statins could increase survival free of dementia and disability in adults aged ≥75 years is unknown. PREVENTABLE, a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized pragmatic clinical trial, will compare high-intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 40 mg) with placebo in 20,000 community-dwelling adults aged ≥75 years without cardiovascular disease, disability, or dementia at baseline. Exclusion criteria include statin use in the prior year or for >5 years and inability to take a statin. Potential participants are identified using computable phenotypes derived from the electronic health record and local referrals from the community. Participants will undergo baseline cognitive testing, with physical testing and a blinded lipid panel if feasible. Cognitive testing and disability screening will be conducted annually. Multiple data sources will be queried for cardiovascular events, dementia, and disability; survival is site-reported and supplemented by a National Death Index search. The primary outcome is survival free of new dementia or persisting disability. Co-secondary outcomes are a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for unstable angina or myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or coronary revascularization; and a composite of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Ancillary studies will offer mechanistic insights into the effects of statins on key outcomes. Biorepository samples are obtained and stored for future study. These results will inform the benefit of statins for increasing survival free of dementia and disability among older adults. This is a pioneering pragmatic study testing important questions with low participant burden to align with the needs of the growing population of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rowena J. Dolor
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Mary Ann Sellers
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | | | - Adam M. Henrie
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Research Pharmacy Coordinating Center, Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Nancy Woolard
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - W. Schuyler Jones
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Ariela R. Orkaby
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, and Division of Aging, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda S. Mixon
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | - Christine E. Kistler
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Ranee Chatterjee
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Daniel E. Forman
- Department of Medicine, Sections of Geriatrics and Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - L. Kristin Newby
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Bradley G. Hammill
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | | | - Jake E. Decker
- Section of Primary Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jiafu Ou
- Cardiology Division, John Cochran VA Medical Center and Cardiology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Division of Cardiology, Cincinnati VAMC and Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Gaurav Choudhary
- Providence VA Medical Center, and Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence RI
| | - Raúl J. Gazmuri
- Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center and Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Christianne L. Roumie
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN
| | - Camille P. Vaughan
- Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Department of Veterans Affairs, and Division of Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mark B. Effron
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Queensland Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA
| | | | | | - Raj C. Shah
- Family & Preventive Medicine and the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Adrian F. Hernandez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | | | - Karen P. Alexander
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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4
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Gross R, Thaweethai T, Rosenzweig EB, Chan J, Chibnik LB, Cicek MS, Elliott AJ, Flaherman VJ, Foulkes AS, Witvliet MG, Gallagher R, Gennaro ML, Jernigan TL, Karlson EW, Katz SD, Kinser PA, Kleinman LC, Lamendola-Essel MF, Milner JD, Mohandas S, Mudumbi PC, Newburger JW, Rhee KE, Salisbury AL, Snowden JN, Stein CR, Stockwell MS, Tantisira KG, Thomason ME, Truong DT, Warburton D, Wood JC, Ahmed S, Akerlundh A, Alshawabkeh AN, Anderson BR, Aschner JL, Atz AM, Aupperle RL, Baker FC, Balaraman V, Banerjee D, Barch DM, Baskin-Sommers A, Bhuiyan S, Bind MAC, Bogie AL, Buchbinder NC, Bueler E, Bükülmez H, Casey B, Chang L, Clark DB, Clifton RG, Clouser KN, Cottrell L, Cowan K, D’Sa V, Dapretto M, Dasgupta S, Dehority W, Dummer KB, Elias MD, Esquenazi-Karonika S, Evans DN, Faustino EVS, Fiks AG, Forsha D, Foxe JJ, Friedman NP, Fry G, Gaur S, Gee DG, Gray KM, Harahsheh AS, Heath AC, Heitzeg MM, Hester CM, Hill S, Hobart-Porter L, Hong TK, Horowitz CR, Hsia DS, Huentelman M, Hummel KD, Iacono WG, Irby K, Jacobus J, Jacoby VL, Jone PN, Kaelber DC, Kasmarcak TJ, Kluko MJ, Kosut JS, Laird AR, Landeo-Gutierrez J, Lang SM, Larson CL, Lim PPC, Lisdahl KM, McCrindle BW, McCulloh RJ, Mendelsohn AL, Metz TD, Morgan LM, Müller-Oehring EM, Nahin ER, Neale MC, Ness-Cochinwala M, Nolan SM, Oliveira CR, Oster ME, Payne RM, Raissy H, Randall IG, Rao S, Reeder HT, Rosas JM, Russell MW, Sabati AA, Sanil Y, Sato AI, Schechter MS, Selvarangan R, Shakti D, Sharma K, Squeglia LM, Stevenson MD, Szmuszkovicz J, Talavera-Barber MM, Teufel RJ, Thacker D, Udosen MM, Warner MR, Watson SE, Werzberger A, Weyer JC, Wood MJ, Yin HS, Zempsky WT, Zimmerman E, Dreyer BP. Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design. medRxiv 2023:2023.04.27.23289228. [PMID: 37214806 PMCID: PMC10197716 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.27.23289228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Importance The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. Studies must address the urgent need to define PASC, its mechanisms, and potential treatment targets in children and young adults. Observations We describe the protocol for the Pediatric Observational Cohort Study of the NIH's RE searching COV ID to E nhance R ecovery (RECOVER) Initiative. RECOVER-Pediatrics is an observational meta-cohort study of caregiver-child pairs (birth through 17 years) and young adults (18 through 25 years), recruited from more than 100 sites across the US. This report focuses on two of five cohorts that comprise RECOVER-Pediatrics: 1) a de novo RECOVER prospective cohort of children and young adults with and without previous or current infection; and 2) an extant cohort derived from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study ( n =10,000). The de novo cohort incorporates three tiers of data collection: 1) remote baseline assessments (Tier 1, n=6000); 2) longitudinal follow-up for up to 4 years (Tier 2, n=6000); and 3) a subset of participants, primarily the most severely affected by PASC, who will undergo deep phenotyping to explore PASC pathophysiology (Tier 3, n=600). Youth enrolled in the ABCD study participate in Tier 1. The pediatric protocol was developed as a collaborative partnership of investigators, patients, researchers, clinicians, community partners, and federal partners, intentionally promoting inclusivity and diversity. The protocol is adaptive to facilitate responses to emerging science. Conclusions and Relevance RECOVER-Pediatrics seeks to characterize the clinical course, underlying mechanisms, and long-term effects of PASC from birth through 25 years old. RECOVER-Pediatrics is designed to elucidate the epidemiology, four-year clinical course, and sociodemographic correlates of pediatric PASC. The data and biosamples will allow examination of mechanistic hypotheses and biomarkers, thus providing insights into potential therapeutic interventions. Clinical Trialsgov Identifier Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT05172011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tanayott Thaweethai
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika B. Rosenzweig
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Chan
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mine S. Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy J. Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Avera Health, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Valerie J. Flaherman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea S. Foulkes
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Richard Gallagher
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Terry L. Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, Cognitive Science, Psychiatry, Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Stuart D. Katz
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia A. Kinser
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lawrence C. Kleinman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Population Health, Quality, and Implementation Sciences (POPQuIS), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Joshua D. Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center: Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sindhu Mohandas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Praveen C. Mudumbi
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jane W. Newburger
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyung E. Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amy L. Salisbury
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica N. Snowden
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Cheryl R. Stein
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa S. Stockwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Moriah E. Thomason
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dongngan T. Truong
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah and Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David Warburton
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John C. Wood
- Department of Pediatrics and Radiology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shifa Ahmed
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Almary Akerlundh
- Department of Pulmonary Research, Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Brett R. Anderson
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy L. Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew M. Atz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Robin L. Aupperle
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Venkataraman Balaraman
- Department of Pediatrics, Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dithi Banerjee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sultana Bhuiyan
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie-Abele C. Bind
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda L. Bogie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Natalie C. Buchbinder
- Center for Human Development, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elliott Bueler
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hülya Bükülmez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - B.J. Casey
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College - Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Katharine N. Clouser
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Lesley Cottrell
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kelly Cowan
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Larner M.D. College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Viren D’Sa
- Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mirella Dapretto
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soham Dasgupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Norton Children’s Hospital, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Walter Dehority
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kirsten B. Dummer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Matthew D. Elias
- Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shari Esquenazi-Karonika
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danielle N. Evans
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Alexander G. Fiks
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Forsha
- Department of Cardiology, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Ward Family Heart Center, Kansas City, MO, USA, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - John J. Foxe
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Naomi P. Friedman
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Bolder, CO, USA
| | - Greta Fry
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center Clinic, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sunanda Gaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Dylan G. Gee
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin M. Gray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ashraf S. Harahsheh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary M. Heitzeg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina M. Hester
- Division of Practice-Based Research, Innovation, & Evaluation, American Academy of Family Physicians, Leawood, KS, USA
| | - Sophia Hill
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Hobart-Porter
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Section of Pediatric Rehabilitation, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Travis K.F. Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Carol R. Horowitz
- Center for Health Equity and Community Engaged Research and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel S. Hsia
- Clinical Trials Unit, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Matthew Huentelman
- Division of Neurogenomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kathy D. Hummel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - William G. Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katherine Irby
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Joanna Jacobus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa L. Jacoby
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pei-Ni Jone
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, Lurie Children’s Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David C. Kaelber
- Departments of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tyler J. Kasmarcak
- Department of Pediatric Clinical Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Matthew J. Kluko
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica S. Kosut
- Department of Pediatrics, Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez
- Department of Pediatrics, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sean M. Lang
- Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christine L. Larson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Peter Paul C. Lim
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Avera McKennan University Health Center, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Krista M. Lisdahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian W. McCrindle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Labatt Family Heart Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J. McCulloh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alan L. Mendelsohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Torri D. Metz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lerraughn M. Morgan
- Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children’s Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Madera, CA, Madera, CA, USA
| | | | - Erica R. Nahin
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael C. Neale
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Manette Ness-Cochinwala
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sheila M. Nolan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Carlos R. Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew E. Oster
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R. Mark Payne
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hengameh Raissy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Isabelle G. Randall
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suchitra Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Harrison T. Reeder
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johana M. Rosas
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark W. Russell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arash A. Sabati
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yamuna Sanil
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alice I. Sato
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael S. Schechter
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rangaraj Selvarangan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Divya Shakti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kavita Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Michelle D. Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Maria M. Talavera-Barber
- Department of Pediatrics, Avera McKennan Hospital and University Health Center, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Ronald J. Teufel
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Deepika Thacker
- Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Childrens Health, Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Mmekom M. Udosen
- RECOVER Neurocognitive and Wellbeing/Mental Health Team, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan R. Warner
- Department of Pulmonary Research, Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sara E. Watson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Alan Werzberger
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center: Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan C. Weyer
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marion J. Wood
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - H. Shonna Yin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - William T. Zempsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Emily Zimmerman
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benard P. Dreyer
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Althoff KN, Schlueter DJ, Anton-Culver H, Cherry J, Denny JC, Thomsen I, Karlson EW, Havers FP, Cicek MS, Thibodeau SN, Pinto LA, Lowy D, Malin BA, Ohno-Machado L, Williams C, Goldstein D, Kouame A, Ramirez A, Roman A, Sharpless NE, Gebo KA, Schully SD. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in All of Us Research Program Participants, January 2-March 18, 2020. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:584-590. [PMID: 34128970 PMCID: PMC8384413 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With limited severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
testing capacity in the United States at the start of the epidemic
(January–March 2020), testing was focused on symptomatic patients with
a travel history throughout February, obscuring the picture of SARS-CoV-2
seeding and community transmission. We sought to identify individuals with
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the early weeks of the US epidemic. Methods All of Us study participants in all 50 US states provided
blood specimens during study visits from 2 January to 18 March 2020.
Participants were considered seropositive if they tested positive for
SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with the Abbott Architect
SARS-CoV-2 IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the EUROIMMUN
SARS-CoV-2 ELISA in a sequential testing algorithm. The sensitivity and
specificity of these ELISAs and the net sensitivity and specificity of the
sequential testing algorithm were estimated, along with 95% confidence
intervals (CIs). Results The estimated sensitivities of the Abbott and EUROIMMUN assays were 100% (107
of 107 [95% CI: 96.6%–100%]) and 90.7% (97 of 107
[83.5%–95.4%]), respectively, and the estimated specificities were
99.5% (995 of 1000 [98.8%–99.8%]) and 99.7% (997 of 1000
[99.1%–99.9%]), respectively. The net sensitivity and specificity of
our sequential testing algorithm were 90.7% (97 of 107 [95% CI:
83.5%–95.4%]) and 100.0% (1000 of 1000 [99.6%–100%]),
respectively. Of the 24 079 study participants with blood specimens from 2
January to 18 March 2020, 9 were seropositive, 7 before the first confirmed
case in the states of Illinois, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, and
Mississippi. Conclusions Our findings identified SARS-CoV-2 infections weeks before the first
recognized cases in 5 US states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri N Althoff
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD & Consultant to the All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - David J Schlueter
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - James Cherry
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joshua C Denny
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ligia A Pinto
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Douglas Lowy
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Carolyn Williams
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Andrea Ramirez
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Kelly A Gebo
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sheri D Schully
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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6
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Cicek MS, Olson JE. Mini-Review of Laboratory Operations in Biobanking: Building Biobanking Resources for Translational Research. Front Public Health 2020; 8:362. [PMID: 32850593 PMCID: PMC7399165 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biobanks have become integral to improving population health. We are in a new era in medicine as patients, health professionals, and researchers increasingly collaborate to gain new knowledge and explore new paradigms for diagnosing and treating disease. Many large-scale biobanking efforts are underway worldwide at the institutional, national, and even international level. When linked with subject data from questionnaires and medical records, biobanks serve as valuable resources in translational research. A biobank must have high quality samples that meet researcher's needs. Biobank laboratory operations require an enormous amount of support—from lab and storage space, information technology expertise, and a laboratory management information system to logistics for sample movement, quality management systems, and appropriate facilities. A paramount metric of success for a biobank is the concept of every biospecimen coming to the repository belongs to a participant who has something to contribute to research for a healthier future. This article will discuss the importance of biorepository operations, specific to the collection and storage of participants materials. Specific focus will be given to maintaining the quality of samples, along with the various levels of support biorepositories need to fulfill their purpose and ensure the integrity of each specimen is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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7
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Wang L, Olson JE, Bielinski SJ, St Sauver JL, Fu S, He H, Cicek MS, Hathcock MA, Cerhan JR, Liu H. Impact of Diverse Data Sources on Computational Phenotyping. Front Genet 2020; 11:556. [PMID: 32582289 PMCID: PMC7283539 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic health records (EHRs) are widely adopted with a great potential to serve as a rich, integrated source of phenotype information. Computational phenotyping, which extracts phenotypes from EHR data automatically, can accelerate the adoption and utilization of phenotype-driven efforts to advance scientific discovery and improve healthcare delivery. A list of computational phenotyping algorithms has been published but data fragmentation, i.e., incomplete data within one single data source, has been raised as an inherent limitation of computational phenotyping. In this study, we investigated the impact of diverse data sources on two published computational phenotyping algorithms, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using Mayo EHRs and Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) which links medical records from multiple health care systems. Results showed that both RA (less prevalent) and T2DM (more prevalent) case selections were markedly impacted by data fragmentation, with positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.4 and 92.4%, false-negative rate (FNR) of 26.6 and 14% in Mayo data, respectively, PPV of 97.2 and 98.3%, FNR of 5.2 and 3.3% in REP. T2DM controls also contain biases, with PPV of 91.2% and FNR of 1.2% for Mayo. We further elaborated underlying reasons impacting the performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wang
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Janet E Olson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Suzette J Bielinski
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jennifer L St Sauver
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sunyang Fu
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Huan He
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matthew A Hathcock
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - James R Cerhan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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8
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Pan AY, Ryu E, Geske JR, Zhou XY, McElroy SL, Cicek MS, Frye MA, Biernacka JM, Andreazza AC. The impact of sample processing on inflammatory markers in serum: Lessons learned. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:230-237. [PMID: 31749403 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2019.1696474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of sample handling on inflammatory cytokines in serum and highlight challenges with using samples pre-collected from biobanks for biomarker research.Methods: Cytokine concentrations (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, and IFNγ) were measured in serum samples of 205 patients with bipoldar disorder (BD) from the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Disorder Biobank and 205 non-psychiatric controls from the Mayo Clinic Biobank. As cytokine concentrations varied by recruitment site, post-hoc models were used to test the effect of clinical variables and pre-processing time on cytokines. To evaluate the effect of pre-processing time experimentally, cytokines were assayed in serum and plasma from 6 healthy volunteers processed at different time points.Results: Cytokine levels were significantly higher in the BD group. However, both cytokine levels and pre-processing times differed by recruitment site, and post-hoc analyses revealed that pre-processing time was significantly associated with several cytokines. An experiment using samples from healthy volunteers confirmed that concentrations for most cytokines increased with longer pre-processing times.Conclusions: Delays in processing influence cytokine concentrations in blood samples. Given the increasing use of biobanks in research, this study highlights the need to carefully evaluate sample collection and handling methods when designing biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Pan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Euijung Ryu
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer R Geske
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xinyang Y Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Center of Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Hathcock MA, Kirt C, Ryu E, Bublitz J, Gupta R, Wang L, Thibodeau SN, Larson NL, Cicek MS, Cerhan JR, Olson JE. Characteristics Associated With Recruitment and Re-contact in Mayo Clinic Biobank. Front Public Health 2020; 8:9. [PMID: 32117849 PMCID: PMC7010638 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To better understand the characteristics associated with a participant's willingness to consent to the Mayo Clinic Biobank (MCB) and examine factors associated with willingness to participate in follow-up studies embedded within MCB that require re-contact and participant approval. Participants and Methods: Consent rates were compared across patient demographics to the MCB. Rates of participation to follow-up studies were also compared across demographics and request types. Results: Among 272,102 Mayo Clinic patients invited to the MCB, 48,314 (19%) consented across the three recruitment sites within 90 days of initial invitation. A significant age by gender interaction was identified, showing young males consent at a lower rate than young females and older males consent at a higher rate than older females. Over the recruitment time frame of 2009-2015, there was a significant decrease in consent rates (decline of 2.5%/year). Of the 57,041 consented MCB participants, 33,487 participants (59%) have been invited to participate in follow-up studies via re-contact. Follow-up studies of the MCB may require participants to provide additional samples, complete questionnaires, and/or release their identity to a research team. MCB participants have been invited to enroll in a median of two studies (IQR: 1-3). Seventy-one percent of participants consented to at least one follow-up study, with individual follow-up study consent rates ranging from 14 to 87% depending on study type, with a median consent rate of 61% (IQR: 47-70%). Studies requesting return of a questionnaire had the highest participation rates. White participants, older participants, and participants with some college or a degree were significantly more likely to participate to follow-up studies, while there was no association with gender. Conclusion: Consent rates among younger and non-white patients were lower than in older, white patients. However, we also found that participation rates among those already enrolled in the biobank were much higher than those seen in new recruitment efforts, external to an existing biobank. We thus demonstrate an important way that biobanks can advance precision medicine goals: through provision of populations from which studies can draw participants for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Hathcock
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Christine Kirt
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Euijung Ryu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Josh Bublitz
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Liwei Wang
- Division of Digital Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Nicole L Larson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - James R Cerhan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Janet E Olson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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10
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Takahashi PY, Jenkins GD, Welkie BP, McDonnell SK, Evans JM, Cerhan JR, Olson JE, Thibodeau SN, Cicek MS, Ryu E. Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with self-rated health status. Appl Clin Genet 2018; 11:121-127. [PMID: 30498369 PMCID: PMC6207265 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s167640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In aging adults, mitochondrial dysfunction may be an important contributor. We evaluated the association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, which is a biomarker for mitochondrial function, and self-rated health status. Patients and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients enrolled within the Mayo Clinic Biobank. We utilized the questionnaire and sequence data from 944 patients. We examined the association between mtDNA copy number and self-rated health status with 3 collapsed categories for the latter variable (excellent/very good, good, and fair/poor). For analysis, we used proportional odds models after log-transforming mtDNA copy number, and we adjusted for age and sex. Results We found the median age at enrollment was 61 years (25th–75th percentile: 51–71), and 64% reported excellent or very good health, 31% reported good health, and 6% reported fair/poor health. Overall, the median mtDNA copy number was 88.9 (25th–75th percentile: 77.6–101.1). Higher mtDNA copy number was found for subjects reporting better self-rated health status after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity burden (OR =2.3 [95% CI: 1.2–4.5] for having better self-rated health for a one-unit increase in log-transformed mtDNA copy number). Conclusion We found that a higher mtDNA copy number is associated with better self-rated health status after adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidity burden. The current study implies that mtDNA copy number may serve as a biomarker for self-reported health. Further studies, potentially including cohort studies, may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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11
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Dicks E, Song H, Ramus SJ, Oudenhove EV, Tyrer JP, Intermaggio MP, Kar S, Harrington P, Bowtell DD, Group AOCSS, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Alsop J, Jimenez-Linan M, Piskorz A, Goranova T, Kent E, Siddiqui N, Paul J, Crawford R, Poblete S, Lele S, Sucheston-Campbell L, Moysich KB, Sieh W, McGuire V, Lester J, Odunsi K, Whittemore AS, Bogdanova N, Dürst M, Hillemanns P, Karlan BY, Gentry-Maharaj A, Menon U, Tischkowitz M, Levine D, Brenton JD, Dörk T, Goode EL, Gayther SA, Pharoah DP. Germline whole exome sequencing and large-scale replication identifies FANCM as a likely high grade serous ovarian cancer susceptibility gene. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50930-50940. [PMID: 28881617 PMCID: PMC5584218 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed whole exome sequencing data in germline DNA from 412 high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project and identified 5,517 genes harboring a predicted deleterious germline coding mutation in at least one HGSOC case. Gene-set enrichment analysis showed enrichment for genes involved in DNA repair (p = 1.8×10-3). Twelve DNA repair genes - APEX1, APLF, ATX, EME1, FANCL, FANCM, MAD2L2, PARP2, PARP3, POLN, RAD54L and SMUG1 - were prioritized for targeted sequencing in up to 3,107 HGSOC cases, 1,491 cases of other epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) subtypes and 3,368 unaffected controls of European origin. We estimated mutation prevalence for each gene and tested for associations with disease risk. Mutations were identified in both cases and controls in all genes except MAD2L2, where we found no evidence of mutations in controls. In FANCM we observed a higher mutation frequency in HGSOC cases compared to controls (29/3,107 cases, 0.96 percent; 13/3,368 controls, 0.38 percent; P=0.008) with little evidence for association with other subtypes (6/1,491, 0.40 percent; P=0.82). The relative risk of HGSOC associated with deleterious FANCM mutations was estimated to be 2.5 (95% CI 1.3 - 5.0; P=0.006). In summary, whole exome sequencing of EOC cases with large-scale replication in case-control studies has identified FANCM as a likely novel susceptibility gene for HGSOC, with mutations associated with a moderate increase in risk. These data may have clinical implications for risk prediction and prevention approaches for high-grade serous ovarian cancer in the future and a significant impact on reducing disease mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ed Dicks
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Honglin Song
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elke Van Oudenhove
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria P. Intermaggio
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David D. Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - AOCS Study Group
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Anna Piskorz
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Teodora Goranova
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma Kent
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - James Paul
- Dept Gynaecol Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Robin Crawford
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samantha Poblete
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Shashi Lele
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Lara Sucheston-Campbell
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mother and Child Hospital, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetic, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas Levine
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Simon A. Gayther
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Department Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D.P. Paul Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Pharoah PDP, Song H, Dicks E, Intermaggio MP, Harrington P, Baynes C, Alsop K, Bogdanova N, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Gentry-Maharaj A, Hillemanns P, Lele S, Lester J, McGuire V, Moysich KB, Poblete S, Sieh W, Sucheston-Campbell L, Widschwendter M, Whittemore AS, Dörk T, Menon U, Odunsi K, Goode EL, Karlan BY, Bowtell DD, Gayther SA, Ramus SJ. PPM1D Mosaic Truncating Variants in Ovarian Cancer Cases May Be Treatment-Related Somatic Mutations. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djv347. [PMID: 26823519 PMCID: PMC5072371 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosaic truncating mutations in the protein phosphatase, Mg(2+)/Mn(2+)-dependent, 1D (PPM1D) gene have recently been reported with a statistically significantly greater frequency in lymphocyte DNA from ovarian cancer case patients compared with unaffected control patients. Using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) we identified truncating PPM1D mutations in 12 of 3236 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) case patients (0.37%) but in only one of 3431 unaffected control patients (0.03%) (P = .001). All statistical tests were two-sided. A combination of Sanger sequencing, pyrosequencing, and MPS data suggested that 12 of the 13 mutations were mosaic. All mutations were identified in post-chemotherapy treatment blood samples from case patients (n = 1827) (average 1234 days post-treatment in carriers) rather than from cases collected pretreatment (less than 14 days after diagnosis, n = 1384) (P = .002). These data suggest that PPM1D variants in EOC cases are primarily somatic mosaic mutations caused by treatment and are not associated with germline predisposition to EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D P Pharoah
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Honglin Song
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Ed Dicks
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Maria P Intermaggio
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Caroline Baynes
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Kathryn Alsop
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Shashi Lele
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Jenny Lester
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Samantha Poblete
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Lara Sucheston-Campbell
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Martin Widschwendter
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Usha Menon
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - David D Bowtell
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Affiliations of authors:CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory , Cambridge, UK (PDPP, HS, ED, PH, CB); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine , USC/NorrisComprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California , CA (MPI, SAG, SJR); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne , Victoria , Australia (KA, AOCSG, DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital , Sydney , Australia (AOCSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Brisbane , Australia (AOCSG); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (NB); Mother and Child Hospital , Minsk , Belarus (NB); Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center , KS (BLF); Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London , London, UK (AGM, MW, UM); Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany (PH); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (SL, SP, KO); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, CA (JL, BYK); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA (VM, WS, ASW); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo, NY (KBM, LSC); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC (OCAC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia (DDB); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK (DDB)
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Ramus SJ, Song H, Dicks E, Tyrer JP, Rosenthal AN, Intermaggio MP, Fraser L, Gentry-Maharaj A, Hayward J, Philpott S, Anderson C, Edlund CK, Conti D, Harrington P, Barrowdale D, Bowtell DD, Alsop K, Mitchell G, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Alsop J, Jimenez-Linan M, Poblete S, Lele S, Sucheston-Campbell L, Moysich KB, Sieh W, McGuire V, Lester J, Bogdanova N, Dürst M, Hillemanns P, Odunsi K, Whittemore AS, Karlan BY, Dörk T, Goode EL, Menon U, Jacobs IJ, Antoniou AC, Pharoah PDP, Gayther SA. Germline Mutations in the BRIP1, BARD1, PALB2, and NBN Genes in Women With Ovarian Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:djv214. [PMID: 26315354 PMCID: PMC4643629 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, responsible for 13 000 deaths per year in the United States. Risk prediction based on identifying germline mutations in ovarian cancer susceptibility genes could have a clinically significant impact on reducing disease mortality. METHODS Next generation sequencing was used to identify germline mutations in the coding regions of four candidate susceptibility genes-BRIP1, BARD1, PALB2 and NBN-in 3236 invasive EOC case patients and 3431 control patients of European origin, and in 2000 unaffected high-risk women from a clinical screening trial of ovarian cancer (UKFOCSS). For each gene, we estimated the prevalence and EOC risks and evaluated associations between germline variant status and clinical and epidemiological risk factor information. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS We found an increased frequency of deleterious mutations in BRIP1 in case patients (0.9%) and in the UKFOCSS participants (0.6%) compared with control patients (0.09%) (P = 1 x 10(-4) and 8 x 10(-4), respectively), but no differences for BARD1 (P = .39), NBN1 ( P = .61), or PALB2 (P = .08). There was also a difference in the frequency of rare missense variants in BRIP1 between case patients and control patients (P = 5.5 x 10(-4)). The relative risks associated with BRIP1 mutations were 11.22 for invasive EOC (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.22 to 34.10, P = 1 x 10(-4)) and 14.09 for high-grade serous disease (95% CI = 4.04 to 45.02, P = 2 x 10(-5)). Segregation analysis in families estimated the average relative risks in BRIP1 mutation carriers compared with the general population to be 3.41 (95% CI = 2.12 to 5.54, P = 7×10(-7)). CONCLUSIONS Deleterious germline mutations in BRIP1 are associated with a moderate increase in EOC risk. These data have clinical implications for risk prediction and prevention approaches for ovarian cancer and emphasize the critical need for risk estimates based on very large sample sizes before genes of moderate penetrance have clinical utility in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Ed Dicks
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Adam N Rosenthal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Maria P Intermaggio
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Lindsay Fraser
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jane Hayward
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Susan Philpott
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Christopher Anderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - David Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - David D Bowtell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Kathryn Alsop
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Mercedes Jimenez-Linan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Samantha Poblete
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Shashi Lele
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Lara Sucheston-Campbell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jenny Lester
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Usha Menon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Ian J Jacobs
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SJR, MPI, CKE, DC, SAG); CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK (HS, ED, JPT, PH, JA, PDPP); Department of Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK (ANR, LF, AGM, JH, SP, CA, UM, IJJ); Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (DB, ACA); Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, KA, GM, AOCSSG); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB); Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (DDB, GM); Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK (DDB); Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia (AOCSSG); The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (AOCSSG); Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (MSC, JMC, ELG); Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Andover, KS (BLF); Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK (MJL); Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (SP, SL, KO); Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (LSC, KBM); Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (WS, VM, ASW); Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (JL, BYK); Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (NB, TD); Radiation Oncology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
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Song H, Dicks E, Ramus SJ, Tyrer JP, Intermaggio MP, Hayward J, Edlund CK, Conti D, Harrington P, Fraser L, Philpott S, Anderson C, Rosenthal A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Bowtell DD, Alsop K, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Alsop J, Jimenez-Linan M, Høgdall E, Høgdall CK, Jensen A, Kjaer SK, Lubiński J, Huzarski T, Jakubowska A, Gronwald J, Poblete S, Lele S, Sucheston-Campbell L, Moysich KB, Odunsi K, Goode EL, Menon U, Jacobs IJ, Gayther SA, Pharoah PDP. Contribution of Germline Mutations in the RAD51B, RAD51C, and RAD51D Genes to Ovarian Cancer in the Population. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:2901-7. [PMID: 26261251 PMCID: PMC4554751 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.61.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of deleterious mutations in the RAD51B, RAD51C, and RAD51D genes to invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the population and in a screening trial of individuals at high risk of ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The coding sequence and splice site boundaries of the three RAD51 genes were sequenced and analyzed in germline DNA from a case-control study of 3,429 patients with invasive EOC and 2,772 controls as well as in 2,000 unaffected women who were BRCA1/BRCA2 negative from the United Kingdom Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study (UK_FOCSS) after quality-control analysis. RESULTS In the case-control study, we identified predicted deleterious mutations in 28 EOC cases (0.82%) compared with three controls (0.11%; P < .001). Mutations in EOC cases were more frequent in RAD51C (14 occurrences, 0.41%) and RAD51D (12 occurrences, 0.35%) than in RAD51B (two occurrences, 0.06%). RAD51C mutations were associated with an odds ratio of 5.2 (95% CI, 1.1 to 24; P = .035), and RAD51D mutations conferred an odds ratio of 12 (95% CI, 1.5 to 90; P = .019). We identified 13 RAD51 mutations (0.65%) in unaffected UK_FOCSS participants (RAD51C, n = 7; RAD51D, n = 5; and RAD51B, n = 1), which was a significantly greater rate than in controls (P < .001); furthermore, RAD51 mutation carriers were more likely than noncarriers to have a family history of ovarian cancer (P < .001). CONCLUSION These results confirm that RAD51C and RAD51D are moderate ovarian cancer susceptibility genes and suggest that they confer levels of risk of EOC that may warrant their use alongside BRCA1 and BRCA2 in routine clinical genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Song
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Ed Dicks
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Maria P Intermaggio
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jane Hayward
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - David Conti
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Lindsay Fraser
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Susan Philpott
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Christopher Anderson
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Adam Rosenthal
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - David D Bowtell
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kathryn Alsop
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Mercedes Jimenez-Linan
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Claus K Høgdall
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Allan Jensen
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Samantha Poblete
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Shashi Lele
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Lara Sucheston-Campbell
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Usha Menon
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Ian J Jacobs
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY.
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Honglin Song, Ed Dicks, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Patricia Harrington, Jennifer Alsop, and Paul D.P. Pharoah, University of Cambridge; Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Jane Hayward, Lindsay Fraser, Susan Philpott, Christopher Anderson, Adam Rosenthal, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Usha Menon, and Ian J. Jacobs, University College London; David D. Bowtell, Imperial College London, London; Ian J. Jacobs, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Susan J. Ramus, Maria P. Intermaggio, Christopher K. Edlund, David Conti, and Simon A. Gayther, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; David D. Bowtell and Kathryn Alsop, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne; David D. Bowtell, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, and Ellen L. Goode, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brooke L. Fridley, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Estrid Høgdall, Allan Jensen, and Susanne Krüger, Danish Cancer Society Research Center; Estrid Høgdall, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Claus K. Høgdall and Susanne Krüger, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Jan Lubiński, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, and Jacek Gronwald, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; and Samantha Poblete, Shashi Lele, Lara Sucheston-Campbell, Kirsten B. Moysich, and Kunle Odunsi, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
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Koestler DC, Chalise P, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Armasu S, Larson MC, Chien J, Block M, Kalli KR, Sellers TA, Goode EL, Fridley BL. Abstract 260: Integrative genomic analysis identifies epigenetic marks that mediate genetic risk for epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Both genetic and epigenetic factors influence the development and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, there is an incomplete understanding of the interrelationship between these factors and whether they interact to impact disease risk. Given that the development of ovarian cancer is complex, we aimed to identify DNA methylation marks that are candidates for mediating ovarian cancer genetic risk. We used 214 cases and 214 age-matched controls from the Mayo Clinic Ovarian Cancer Study. Pretreatment, blood-derived DNA was profiled for genome-wide methylation (Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadArray) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, Illumina Infinium HD Human610-Quad BeadArray). We employed a three-step filtering procedure, followed by the Causal Inference Test (CIT), to distinguish CpG sites that mediate genetic risk, from those that are consequential or independently acted on by genotype. Controlling for the estimated distribution of immune cells and other key covariates, we identified 1,993 out of 25,926 (7.7%) CpGs that were significantly differentially methylated between cases and controls (FDR, q < 0.05). The relationship between methylation and case-control status among these 1,993 CpGs was found to be highly consistent with the results of an independent study. Implementation of the CIT test revealed 13 CpG/SNP pairs, comprising 13 unique CpGs and 17 unique SNPs, which represent potential methylation-mediated relationships between genotype and EOC risk. These findings provide additional insight into EOC etiology and may serve as novel biomarkers for EOC susceptibility.
Citation Format: Devin C. Koestler, Prabhakar Chalise, Mine S. Cicek, Julie M. Cunningham, Sebastian Armasu, Melissa C. Larson, Jeremy Chien, Matthew Block, Kimberly R. Kalli, Thomas A. Sellers, Ellen L. Goode, Brooke L. Fridley. Integrative genomic analysis identifies epigenetic marks that mediate genetic risk for epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 260. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-260
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeremy Chien
- 1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Song H, Cicek MS, Dicks E, Harrington P, Ramus SJ, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Tyrer JP, Alsop J, Jimenez-Linan M, Gayther SA, Goode EL, Pharoah PDP. The contribution of deleterious germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and the mismatch repair genes to ovarian cancer in the population. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:4703-9. [PMID: 24728189 PMCID: PMC4119409 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of deleterious mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 to invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the population. The coding sequence and splice site boundaries of all six genes were amplified in germline DNA from 2240 invasive EOC cases and 1535 controls. Barcoded fragment libraries were sequenced using the Illumina GAII or HiSeq and sequence data for each subject de-multiplexed prior to interpretation. GATK and Annovar were used for variant detection and annotation. After quality control 2222 cases (99.2%) and 1528 controls (99.5%) were included in the final analysis. We identified 193 EOC cases (8.7%) carrying a deleterious mutation in at least one gene compared with 10 controls (0.65%). Mutations were most frequent in BRCA1 and BRCA2, with 84 EOC cases (3.8%) carrying a BRCA1 mutation and 94 EOC cases (4.2%) carrying a BRCA2 mutation. The combined BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation prevalence was 11% in high-grade serous disease. Seventeen EOC cases carried a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, including 10 MSH6 mutation carriers (0.45%) and 4 MSH2 mutation carriers (0.18%). At least 1 in 10 women with high-grade serous EOC has a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. The development of next generation sequencing technologies enables rapid mutation screening for multiple susceptibility genes at once, suggesting that routine clinical testing of all incidence cases should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Song
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK,
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ed Dicks
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patricia Harrington
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | | | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, USA and
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- CR-UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
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Winham SJ, Armasu SM, Cicek MS, Larson MC, Cunningham JM, Kalli KR, Fridley BL, Goode EL. Genome-wide investigation of regional blood-based DNA methylation adjusted for complete blood counts implicates BNC2 in ovarian cancer. Genet Epidemiol 2014; 38:457-66. [PMID: 24853948 PMCID: PMC4071957 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to its potential as a biomarker for early cancer detection, blood-based DNA methylation (DNAm) is of interest in cancer research. Specifically, highly predictive mechanisms for early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are desired, so previous studies have compared DNAm between EOC cases and controls. However, case-control studies are confounded by the distribution of white blood cell types through an immune response induced by the cancer. Rather than determining the distribution of the cell types manually or investigating isolated cell types, an alternative approach involves the use of complete blood count (CBC), which is routinely collected. In the analysis of an EOC case-control study of DNAm, we incorporate CBC measures to adjust for this confounding and compare DNAm between 242 EOC cases and 181 age-matched controls (assayed on the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 or HumanMethylation450 Beadchips), at both the individual CpG and CpG island levels. We found that adjustment for leukocyte distribution using CBC measurements dramatically reduced confounding, with 62 single CpG sites found to be associated with EOC status after adjustment (P < 5E-8). Additionally, regional DNAm was assessed by applying principal components analysis to CpG islands. The top associated CpG island (P = 7E-6) was located in the promoter/transcription start site of the human basonuclin 2 gene (BNC2), a known susceptibility gene for EOC risk identified through GWAS. Follow-up studies are necessary to establish the role of BNC2 in blood-based DNA and EOC, including prospective studies to validate this region as a potential biomarker and predictor of EOC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN
| | | | - Mine S. Cicek
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN
| | | | | | | | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City KS
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN
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Fridley BL, Armasu SM, Cicek MS, Larson MC, Wang C, Winham SJ, Kalli KR, Koestler DC, Rider DN, Shridhar V, Olson JE, Cunningham JM, Goode EL. Methylation of leukocyte DNA and ovarian cancer: relationships with disease status and outcome. BMC Med Genomics 2014; 7:21. [PMID: 24774302 PMCID: PMC4102255 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-7-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide interrogation of DNA methylation (DNAm) in blood-derived leukocytes has become feasible with the advent of CpG genotyping arrays. In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), one report found substantial DNAm differences between cases and controls; however, many of these disease-associated CpGs were attributed to differences in white blood cell type distributions. Methods We examined blood-based DNAm in 336 EOC cases and 398 controls; we included only high-quality CpG loci that did not show evidence of association with white blood cell type distributions to evaluate association with case status and overall survival. Results Of 13,816 CpGs, no significant associations were observed with survival, although eight CpGs associated with survival at p < 10-3, including methylation within a CpG island located in the promoter region of GABRE (p = 5.38 x 10-5, HR = 0.95). In contrast, 53 CpG methylation sites were significantly associated with EOC risk (p <5 x10-6). The top association was observed for the methylation probe cg04834572 located approximately 315 kb upstream of DUSP13 (p = 1.6 x10-14). Other disease-associated CpGs included those near or within HHIP (cg14580567; p =5.6x10-11), HDAC3 (cg10414058; p = 6.3x10-12), and SCR (cg05498681; p = 4.8x10-7). Conclusions We have identified several CpGs in leukocytes that are differentially methylated by case-control status. Since a retrospective study design was used, we cannot differentiate whether DNAm was etiologic or resulting from EOC; thus, prospective studies of EOC-associated loci are the critical next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas, Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Wang C, Cicek MS, Charbonneau B, Kalli KR, Armasu SM, Larson MC, Konecny GE, Winterhoff B, Fan JB, Bibikova M, Chien J, Shridhar V, Block MS, Hartmann LC, Visscher DW, Cunningham JM, Knutson KL, Fridley BL, Goode EL. Tumor hypomethylation at 6p21.3 associates with longer time to recurrence of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2014; 74:3084-91. [PMID: 24728075 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To reveal biologic mechanisms underlying clinical outcome of high-grade serous (HGS) epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOC), we evaluated the association between tumor epigenetic changes and time to recurrence (TTR). We assessed methylation at approximately 450,000 genome-wide CpGs in tumors of 337 Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) patients. Semi-supervised clustering of discovery (n=168) and validation (n=169) sets was used to determine clinically relevant methylation classes. Clustering identified two methylation classes based on 60 informative CpGs, which differed in TTR in the validation set [R vs. L class, P=2.9×10(-3), HR=0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.80]. Follow-up analyses considered genome-wide tumor mRNA expression (n=104) and CD8 T-cell infiltration (n=89) in patient subsets. Hypomethylation of CpGs located in 6p21.3 in the R class associated with cis upregulation of genes enriched in immune response processes (TAP1, PSMB8, PSMB9, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DMA, and HLA-DOA), increased CD8 T-cell tumor infiltration (P=7.6×10(-5)), and trans-regulation of genes in immune-related pathways (P=1.6×10(-32)). This is the most comprehensive assessment of clinical outcomes with regard to epithelial ovarian carcinoma tumor methylation to date. Collectively, these results suggest that an epigenetically mediated immune response is a predictor of recurrence and, possibly, treatment response for HGS EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Bridget Charbonneau
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Kimberly R Kalli
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Sebastian M Armasu
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Gottfried E Konecny
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Boris Winterhoff
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Jian-Bing Fan
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Marina Bibikova
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Jeremy Chien
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Matthew S Block
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Lynn C Hartmann
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Daniel W Visscher
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Keith L Knutson
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Health Sciences Research, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Research, Illumina, San Diego, California; Departments of Cancer Biology and Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
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Koestler DC, Chalise P, Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Armasu S, Larson MC, Chien J, Block M, Kalli KR, Sellers TA, Fridley BL, Goode EL. Integrative genomic analysis identifies epigenetic marks that mediate genetic risk for epithelial ovarian cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2014; 7:8. [PMID: 24479488 PMCID: PMC3916313 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-7-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both genetic and epigenetic factors influence the development and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, there is an incomplete understanding of the interrelationship between these factors and the extent to which they interact to impact disease risk. In the present study, we aimed to gain insight into this relationship by identifying DNA methylation marks that are candidate mediators of ovarian cancer genetic risk. METHODS We used 214 cases and 214 age-matched controls from the Mayo Clinic Ovarian Cancer Study. Pretreatment, blood-derived DNA was profiled for genome-wide methylation (Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadArray) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, Illumina Infinium HD Human610-Quad BeadArray). The Causal Inference Test (CIT) was implemented to distinguish CpG sites that mediate genetic risk, from those that are consequential or independently acted on by genotype. RESULTS Controlling for the estimated distribution of immune cells and other key covariates, our initial epigenome-wide association analysis revealed 1,993 significantly differentially methylated CpGs that between cases and controls (FDR, q < 0.05). The relationship between methylation and case-control status for these 1,993 CpGs was found to be highly consistent with the results of previously published, independent study that consisted of peripheral blood DNA methylation signatures in 131 pretreatment cases and 274 controls. Implementation of the CIT test revealed 17 CpG/SNP pairs, comprising 13 unique CpGs and 17 unique SNPs, which represent potential methylation-mediated relationships between genotype and EOC risk. Of these 13 CpGs, several are associated with immune related genes and genes that have been previously shown to exhibit altered expression in the context of cancer. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide additional insight into EOC etiology and may serve as novel biomarkers for EOC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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DeRycke MS, Gunawardena SR, Middha S, Asmann YW, Schaid DJ, McDonnell SK, Riska SM, Eckloff BW, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Serie DJ, Bamlet WR, Cicek MS, Jenkins MA, Duggan DJ, Buchanan D, Clendenning M, Haile RW, Woods MO, Gallinger SN, Casey G, Potter JD, Newcomb PA, Le Marchand L, Lindor NM, Thibodeau SN, Goode EL. Identification of novel variants in colorectal cancer families by high-throughput exome sequencing. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:1239-51. [PMID: 23637064 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) in densely affected families without Lynch Syndrome may be due to mutations in undiscovered genetic loci. Familial linkage analyses have yielded disparate results; the use of exome sequencing in coding regions may identify novel segregating variants. METHODS We completed exome sequencing on 40 affected cases from 16 multicase pedigrees to identify novel loci. Variants shared among all sequenced cases within each family were identified and filtered to exclude common variants and single-nucleotide variants (SNV) predicted to be benign. RESULTS We identified 32 nonsense or splice-site SNVs, 375 missense SNVs, 1,394 synonymous or noncoding SNVs, and 50 indels in the 16 families. Of particular interest are two validated and replicated missense variants in CENPE and KIF23, which are both located within previously reported CRC linkage regions, on chromosomes 1 and 15, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Whole-exome sequencing identified DNA variants in multiple genes. Additional sequencing of these genes in additional samples will further elucidate the role of variants in these regions in CRC susceptibility. IMPACT Exome sequencing of familial CRC cases can identify novel rare variants that may influence disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S DeRycke
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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22
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Cicek MS, Koestler DC, Fridley BL, Kalli KR, Armasu SM, Larson MC, Wang C, Winham SJ, Vierkant RA, Rider DN, Block MS, Klotzle B, Konecny G, Winterhoff BJ, Hamidi H, Shridhar V, Fan JB, Visscher DW, Olson JE, Hartmann LC, Bibikova M, Chien J, Cunningham JM, Goode EL. Epigenome-wide ovarian cancer analysis identifies a methylation profile differentiating clear-cell histology with epigenetic silencing of the HERG K+ channel. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3038-47. [PMID: 23571109 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death in women with gynecologic malignancies, despite surgical advances and the development of more effective chemotherapeutics. As increasing evidence indicates that clear-cell ovarian cancer may have unique pathogenesis, further understanding of molecular features may enable us to begin to understand the underlying biology and histology-specific information for improved outcomes. To study epigenetics in clear-cell ovarian cancer, fresh frozen tumor DNA (n = 485) was assayed on Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. We identified a clear-cell ovarian cancer tumor methylation profile (n = 163) which we validated in two independent replication sets (set 1, n = 163; set 2, n = 159), highlighting 22 CpG loci associated with nine genes (VWA1, FOXP1, FGFRL1, LINC00340, KCNH2, ANK1, ATXN2, NDRG21 and SLC16A11). Nearly all of the differentially methylated CpGs showed a propensity toward hypermethylation among clear-cell cases. Several loci methylation inversely correlated with tumor gene expression, most notably KCNH2 (HERG, a potassium channel) (P = 9.5 × 10(-7)), indicating epigenetic silencing. In addition, a predicted methylation class mainly represented by the clear-cell cases (20 clear cell out of 23 cases) had improved survival time. Although these analyses included only 30 clear-cell carcinomas, results suggest that loss of expression of KCNH2 (HERG) by methylation could be a good prognostic marker, given that overexpression of the potassium (K(+)) channel Eag family members promotes increased proliferation and results in poor prognosis. Validation in a bigger cohort of clear-cell tumors of the ovary is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Pharoah PDP, Tsai YY, Ramus SJ, Phelan CM, Goode EL, Lawrenson K, Buckley M, Fridley BL, Tyrer JP, Shen H, Weber R, Karevan R, Larson MC, Song H, Tessier DC, Bacot F, Vincent D, Cunningham JM, Dennis J, Dicks E, Aben KK, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova N, Armasu SM, Baglietto L, Bandera EV, Beckmann MW, Birrer MJ, Bloom G, Bogdanova N, Brenton JD, Brinton LA, Brooks-Wilson A, Brown R, Butzow R, Campbell I, Carney ME, Carvalho RS, Chang-Claude J, Chen YA, Chen Z, Chow WH, Cicek MS, Coetzee G, Cook LS, Cramer DW, Cybulski C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Despierre E, Doherty JA, Dörk T, du Bois A, Dürst M, Eccles D, Edwards R, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Fenstermacher D, Flanagan J, Gao YT, Garcia-Closas M, Gentry-Maharaj A, Giles G, Gjyshi A, Gore M, Gronwald J, Guo Q, Halle MK, Harter P, Hein A, Heitz F, Hillemanns P, Hoatlin M, Høgdall E, Høgdall CK, Hosono S, Jakubowska A, Jensen A, Kalli KR, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kiemeney LA, Kjaer SK, Konecny GE, Krakstad C, Kupryjanczyk J, Lambrechts D, Lambrechts S, Le ND, Lee N, Lee J, Leminen A, Lim BK, Lissowska J, Lubiński J, Lundvall L, Lurie G, Massuger LFAG, Matsuo K, McGuire V, McLaughlin JR, Menon U, Modugno F, Moysich KB, Nakanishi T, Narod SA, Ness RB, Nevanlinna H, Nickels S, Noushmehr H, Odunsi K, Olson S, Orlow I, Paul J, Pejovic T, Pelttari LM, Permuth-Wey J, Pike MC, Poole EM, Qu X, Risch HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Rossing MA, Rudolph A, Runnebaum I, Rzepecka IK, Salvesen HB, Schwaab I, Severi G, Shen H, Shridhar V, Shu XO, Sieh W, Southey MC, Spellman P, Tajima K, Teo SH, Terry KL, Thompson PJ, Timorek A, Tworoger SS, van Altena AM, van den Berg D, Vergote I, Vierkant RA, Vitonis AF, Wang-Gohrke S, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wik E, Winterhoff B, Woo YL, Wu AH, Yang HP, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Zulkifli F, Goodman MT, Hall P, Easton DF, Pearce CL, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Iversen E, Monteiro ANA, Gayther SA, Schildkraut JM, Sellers TA. GWAS meta-analysis and replication identifies three new susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer. Nat Genet 2013; 45:362-70, 370e1-2. [PMID: 23535730 PMCID: PMC3693183 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified four susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), with another two suggestive loci reaching near genome-wide significance. We pooled data from a GWAS conducted in North America with another GWAS from the UK. We selected the top 24,551 SNPs for inclusion on the iCOGS custom genotyping array. We performed follow-up genotyping in 18,174 individuals with EOC (cases) and 26,134 controls from 43 studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. We validated the two loci at 3q25 and 17q21 that were previously found to have associations close to genome-wide significance and identified three loci newly associated with risk: two loci associated with all EOC subtypes at 8q21 (rs11782652, P = 5.5 × 10(-9)) and 10p12 (rs1243180, P = 1.8 × 10(-8)) and another locus specific to the serous subtype at 17q12 (rs757210, P = 8.1 × 10(-10)). An integrated molecular analysis of genes and regulatory regions at these loci provided evidence for functional mechanisms underlying susceptibility and implicated CHMP4C in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D P Pharoah
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Bojesen SE, Pooley KA, Johnatty SE, Beesley J, Michailidou K, Tyrer JP, Edwards SL, Pickett HA, Shen HC, Smart CE, Hillman KM, Mai PL, Lawrenson K, Stutz MD, Lu Y, Karevan R, Woods N, Johnston RL, French JD, Chen X, Weischer M, Nielsen SF, Maranian MJ, Ghoussaini M, Ahmed S, Baynes C, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Dennis J, McGuffog L, Barrowdale D, Lee A, Healey S, Lush M, Tessier DC, Vincent D, Bacot F, Vergote I, Lambrechts S, Despierre E, Risch HA, González-Neira A, Rossing MA, Pita G, Doherty JA, Álvarez N, Larson MC, Fridley BL, Schoof N, Chang-Claude J, Cicek MS, Peto J, Kalli KR, Broeks A, Armasu SM, Schmidt MK, Braaf LM, Winterhoff B, Nevanlinna H, Konecny GE, Lambrechts D, Rogmann L, Guénel P, Teoman A, Milne RL, Garcia JJ, Cox A, Shridhar V, Burwinkel B, Marme F, Hein R, Sawyer EJ, Haiman CA, Wang-Gohrke S, Andrulis IL, Moysich KB, Hopper JL, Odunsi K, Lindblom A, Giles GG, Brenner H, Simard J, Lurie G, Fasching PA, Carney ME, Radice P, Wilkens LR, Swerdlow A, Goodman MT, Brauch H, García-Closas M, Hillemanns P, Winqvist R, Dürst M, Devilee P, Runnebaum I, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Mannermaa A, Butzow R, Bogdanova NV, Dörk T, Pelttari LM, Zheng W, Leminen A, Anton-Culver H, Bunker CH, Kristensen V, Ness RB, Muir K, Edwards R, Meindl A, Heitz F, Matsuo K, du Bois A, Wu AH, Harter P, Teo SH, Schwaab I, Shu XO, Blot W, Hosono S, Kang D, Nakanishi T, Hartman M, Yatabe Y, Hamann U, Karlan BY, Sangrajrang S, Kjaer SK, Gaborieau V, Jensen A, Eccles D, Høgdall E, Shen CY, Brown J, Woo YL, Shah M, Azmi MAN, Luben R, Omar SZ, Czene K, Vierkant RA, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Vachon C, Olson JE, Wang X, Levine DA, Rudolph A, Weber RP, Flesch-Janys D, Iversen E, Nickels S, Schildkraut JM, Silva IDS, Cramer DW, Gibson L, Terry KL, Fletcher O, Vitonis AF, van der Schoot CE, Poole EM, Hogervorst FBL, Tworoger SS, Liu J, Bandera EV, Li J, Olson SH, Humphreys K, Orlow I, Blomqvist C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Aittomäki K, Salvesen HB, Muranen TA, Wik E, Brouwers B, Krakstad C, Wauters E, Halle MK, Wildiers H, Kiemeney LA, Mulot C, Aben KK, Laurent-Puig P, van Altena AM, Truong T, Massuger LFAG, Benitez J, Pejovic T, Perez JIA, Hoatlin M, Zamora MP, Cook LS, Balasubramanian SP, Kelemen LE, Schneeweiss A, Le ND, Sohn C, Brooks-Wilson A, Tomlinson I, Kerin MJ, Miller N, Cybulski C, Henderson BE, Menkiszak J, Schumacher F, Wentzensen N, Marchand LL, Yang HP, Mulligan AM, Glendon G, Engelholm SA, Knight JA, Høgdall CK, Apicella C, Gore M, Tsimiklis H, Song H, Southey MC, Jager A, van den Ouweland AMW, Brown R, Martens JWM, Flanagan JM, Kriege M, Paul J, Margolin S, Siddiqui N, Severi G, Whittemore AS, Baglietto L, McGuire V, Stegmaier C, Sieh W, Müller H, Arndt V, Labrèche F, Gao YT, Goldberg MS, Yang G, Dumont M, McLaughlin JR, Hartmann A, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Phelan CM, Lux MP, Permuth-Wey J, Peissel B, Sellers TA, Ficarazzi F, Barile M, Ziogas A, Ashworth A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Jones M, Ramus SJ, Orr N, Menon U, Pearce CL, Brüning T, Pike MC, Ko YD, Lissowska J, Figueroa J, Kupryjanczyk J, Chanock SJ, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Rzepecka IK, Pylkäs K, Bidzinski M, Kauppila S, Hollestelle A, Seynaeve C, Tollenaar RAEM, Durda K, Jaworska K, Hartikainen JM, Kosma VM, Kataja V, Antonenkova NN, Long J, Shrubsole M, Deming-Halverson S, Lophatananon A, Siriwanarangsan P, Stewart-Brown S, Ditsch N, Lichtner P, Schmutzler RK, Ito H, Iwata H, Tajima K, Tseng CC, Stram DO, van den Berg D, Yip CH, Ikram MK, Teh YC, Cai H, Lu W, Signorello LB, Cai Q, Noh DY, Yoo KY, Miao H, Iau PTC, Teo YY, McKay J, Shapiro C, Ademuyiwa F, Fountzilas G, Hsiung CN, Yu JC, Hou MF, Healey CS, Luccarini C, Peock S, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Peterlongo P, Rebbeck TR, Piedmonte M, Singer CF, Friedman E, Thomassen M, Offit K, Hansen TVO, Neuhausen SL, Szabo CI, Blanco I, Garber J, Narod SA, Weitzel JN, Montagna M, Olah E, Godwin AK, Yannoukakos D, Goldgar DE, Caldes T, Imyanitov EN, Tihomirova L, Arun BK, Campbell I, Mensenkamp AR, van Asperen CJ, van Roozendaal KEP, Meijers-Heijboer H, Collée JM, Oosterwijk JC, Hooning MJ, Rookus MA, van der Luijt RB, van Os TAM, Evans DG, Frost D, Fineberg E, Barwell J, Walker L, Kennedy MJ, Platte R, Davidson R, Ellis SD, Cole T, Paillerets BBD, Buecher B, Damiola F, Faivre L, Frenay M, Sinilnikova OM, Caron O, Giraud S, Mazoyer S, Bonadona V, Caux-Moncoutier V, Toloczko-Grabarek A, Gronwald J, Byrski T, Spurdle AB, Bonanni B, Zaffaroni D, Giannini G, Bernard L, Dolcetti R, Manoukian S, Arnold N, Engel C, Deissler H, Rhiem K, Niederacher D, Plendl H, Sutter C, Wappenschmidt B, Borg Å, Melin B, Rantala J, Soller M, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Rodriguez GC, Salani R, Kaulich DG, Tea MK, Paluch SS, Laitman Y, Skytte AB, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Robson M, Gerdes AM, Ejlertsen B, Foretova L, Savage SA, Lester J, Soucy P, Kuchenbaecker KB, Olswold C, Cunningham JM, Slager S, Pankratz VS, Dicks E, Lakhani SR, Couch FJ, Hall P, Monteiro ANA, Gayther SA, Pharoah PDP, Reddel RR, Goode EL, Greene MH, Easton DF, Berchuck A, Antoniou AC, Chenevix-Trench G, Dunning AM. Multiple independent variants at the TERT locus are associated with telomere length and risks of breast and ovarian cancer. Nat Genet 2013; 45:371-84, 384e1-2. [PMID: 23535731 PMCID: PMC3670748 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TERT-locus SNPs and leukocyte telomere measures are reportedly associated with risks of multiple cancers. Using the Illumina custom genotyping array iCOGs, we analyzed ∼480 SNPs at the TERT locus in breast (n = 103,991), ovarian (n = 39,774) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (n = 11,705) cancer cases and controls. Leukocyte telomere measurements were also available for 53,724 participants. Most associations cluster into three independent peaks. The minor allele at the peak 1 SNP rs2736108 associates with longer telomeres (P = 5.8 × 10(-7)), lower risks for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (P = 1.0 × 10(-8)) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)) breast cancers and altered promoter assay signal. The minor allele at the peak 2 SNP rs7705526 associates with longer telomeres (P = 2.3 × 10(-14)), higher risk of low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer (P = 1.3 × 10(-15)) and greater promoter activity. The minor alleles at the peak 3 SNPs rs10069690 and rs2242652 increase ER-negative (P = 1.2 × 10(-12)) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (P = 1.6 × 10(-14)) breast and invasive ovarian (P = 1.3 × 10(-11)) cancer risks but not via altered telomere length. The cancer risk alleles of rs2242652 and rs10069690, respectively, increase silencing and generate a truncated TERT splice variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen A Pooley
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sharon E Johnatty
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stacey L Edwards
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hilda A Pickett
- Cancer Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Howard C Shen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chanel E Smart
- University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Kristine M Hillman
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Phuong L Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael D Stutz
- Cancer Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rod Karevan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Woods
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rebecca L Johnston
- University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Juliet D French
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maren Weischer
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melanie J Maranian
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maya Ghoussaini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shahana Ahmed
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Baynes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sue Healey
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel C Tessier
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Françis Bacot
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Study Group members
- Australian Cancer Study, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, kConFab, GENICA, SWE-BRCA, HEBON, EMBRACE, GEMO Study Collaborators. Full membership lists are provided in the Supplementary Note
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelyn Despierre
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Public Health and School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Nuria Álvarez
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nils Schoof
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mine S Cicek
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Julian Peto
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Annegien Broeks
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian M Armasu
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linde M Braaf
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Boris Winterhoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gottfried E Konecny
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Rogmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pascal Guénel
- INSERM U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Attila Teoman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin J Garcia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Vijayalakshmi Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik Marme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- PMV Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Peter A Fasching
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael E Carney
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingo Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Liisa M Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Arto Leminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Clareann H Bunker
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), UiO, Norway
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Andreas du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Philipp Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ira Schwaab
- Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daehee Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Toru Nakanishi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostic, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Allan Jensen
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Colleague of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichong, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Judith Brown
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yin Ling Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mat Adenan Noor Azmi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Robert Luben
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Siti Zawiah Omar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rachel Palmieri Weber
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Edwin Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Isabel Dos Santos Silva
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Daniel W Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorna Gibson
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Allison F Vitonis
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth M Poole
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frans B L Hogervorst
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jingmei Li
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helga B Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Barbara Brouwers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Els Wauters
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mari K Halle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Comprehensive Cancer Center The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Claire Mulot
- Université Paris Sorbonne Cité, UMR-S775 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Katja K Aben
- Comprehensive Cancer Center The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Anne M van Altena
- Department of Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Thérèse Truong
- INSERM U1018, CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Leon F A G Massuger
- Department of Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Maureen Hoatlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - M Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda S Cook
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Linda E Kelemen
- Department of Population Health Research, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Michael J Kerin
- School of medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- School of medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical Academy, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janusz Menkiszak
- Department of Surgical Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Svend Aage Engelholm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia A Knight
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claus K Høgdall
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martin Gore
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- Genetic Epidemiology Department, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Honglin Song
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Department, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agnes Jager
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Brown
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James M Flanagan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mieke Kriege
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James Paul
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heiko Müller
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - France Labrèche
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Martine Dumont
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael P Lux
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jenny Permuth-Wey
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Filomena Ficarazzi
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Michael Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nick Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, UK
| | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn GmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Iwona K Rzepecka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mariusz Bidzinski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Saila Kauppila
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Family Cancer Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Family Cancer Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob A E M Tollenaar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa Kataja
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Martha Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra Deming-Halverson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Insitute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tajima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David van den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Kamran Ikram
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yew-Ching Teh
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa B Signorello
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hui Miao
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore
| | - Philip Tsau-Choong Iau
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Charles Shapiro
- Division of Oncology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - George Fountzilas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Catherine S Healey
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Peock
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas V O Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Csilla I Szabo
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judy Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ian Campbell
- VBCRC Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kees E P van Roozendaal
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Canter, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matti A Rookus
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A M van Os
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Fineberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian Barwell
- Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M John Kennedy
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin and St James's Hospital, Dublin, Eire
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Steve D Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- INSERM U946, Fondation Jean Dausset, Paris, France
- Service de Génétique, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Institut Curie, Department of Tumour Biology, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique, CHU Dijon, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France, and Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | | | - Olga M Sinilnikova
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- Consultation de Génétique, Département de Médecine, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Giraud
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Unité de Prévention et d'Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Byrski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Zaffaroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Loris Bernard
- Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein/University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg Plendl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Centre of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Åke Borg
- Department of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Soller
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Basser Research Centre, Abramson Cancer Center, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ritu Salani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shani Shimon Paluch
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yael Laitman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Susan Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ed Dicks
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- The UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alvaro N A Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger R Reddel
- Cancer Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Abstract
There is a significant variation of outcome among ovarian cases. Clinical features such as age, stage, comorbidities, or degree of debulking are known prognostic factors for the disease. However, additional variation remains unexplained, some of which may be due to inherited factors. Here, we describe identification of survival-associated inherited variants in ovarian cancer that can enhance our current prognostic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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26
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Permuth-Wey J, Lawrenson K, Shen HC, Velkova A, Tyrer JP, Chen Z, Lin HY, Chen YA, Tsai YY, Qu X, Ramus SJ, Karevan R, Lee J, Lee N, Larson MC, Aben KK, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova N, Antoniou A, Armasu SM, Bacot F, Baglietto L, Bandera EV, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Beckmann MW, Birrer MJ, Bloom G, Bogdanova N, Brinton LA, Brooks-Wilson A, Brown R, Butzow R, Cai Q, Campbell I, Chang-Claude J, Chanock S, Chenevix-Trench G, Cheng JQ, Cicek MS, Coetzee GA, Cook LS, Couch FJ, Cramer DW, Cunningham JM, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Despierre E, Doherty JA, Dörk T, du Bois A, Dürst M, Easton DF, Eccles D, Edwards R, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Fenstermacher DA, Flanagan JM, Garcia-Closas M, Gentry-Maharaj A, Giles GG, Glasspool RM, Gonzalez-Bosquet J, Goodman MT, Gore M, Górski B, Gronwald J, Hall P, Halle MK, Harter P, Heitz F, Hillemanns P, Hoatlin M, Høgdall CK, Høgdall E, Hosono S, Jakubowska A, Jensen A, Jim H, Kalli KR, Karlan BY, Kaye SB, Kelemen LE, Kiemeney LA, Kikkawa F, Konecny GE, Krakstad C, Kjaer SK, Kupryjanczyk J, Lambrechts D, Lambrechts S, Lancaster JM, Le ND, Leminen A, Levine DA, Liang D, Lim BK, Lin J, Lissowska J, Lu KH, Lubiński J, Lurie G, Massuger LF, Matsuo K, McGuire V, McLaughlin JR, Menon U, Modugno F, Moysich KB, Nakanishi T, Narod SA, Nedergaard L, Ness RB, Nevanlinna H, Nickels S, Noushmehr H, Odunsi K, Olson SH, Orlow I, Paul J, Pearce CL, Pejovic T, Pelttari LM, Pike MC, Poole EM, Raska P, Renner SP, Risch HA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Rossing MA, Rudolph A, Runnebaum IB, Rzepecka IK, Salvesen HB, Schwaab I, Severi G, Shridhar V, Shu XO, Shvetsov YB, Sieh W, Song H, Southey MC, Spiewankiewicz B, Stram D, Sutphen R, Teo SH, Terry KL, Tessier DC, Thompson PJ, Tworoger SS, van Altena AM, Vergote I, Vierkant RA, Vincent D, Vitonis AF, Wang-Gohrke S, Weber RP, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wik E, Wilkens LR, Winterhoff B, Woo YL, Wu AH, Xiang YB, Yang HP, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Zulkifli F, Phelan CM, Iversen E, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A, Fridley BL, Goode EL, Pharoah PDP, Monteiro AN, Sellers TA, Gayther SA. Identification and molecular characterization of a new ovarian cancer susceptibility locus at 17q21.31. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1627. [PMID: 23535648 PMCID: PMC3709460 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a heritable component that remains to be fully characterized. Most identified common susceptibility variants lie in non-protein-coding sequences. We hypothesized that variants in the 3' untranslated region at putative microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites represent functional targets that influence EOC susceptibility. Here, we evaluate the association between 767 miRNA-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (miRSNPs) and EOC risk in 18,174 EOC cases and 26,134 controls from 43 studies genotyped through the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study. We identify several miRSNPs associated with invasive serous EOC risk (odds ratio=1.12, P=10(-8)) mapping to an inversion polymorphism at 17q21.31. Additional genotyping of non-miRSNPs at 17q21.31 reveals stronger signals outside the inversion (P=10(-10)). Variation at 17q21.31 is associated with neurological diseases, and our collaboration is the first to report an association with EOC susceptibility. An integrated molecular analysis in this region provides evidence for ARHGAP27 and PLEKHM1 as candidate EOC susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Permuth-Wey
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Howard C. Shen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Aneliya Velkova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Y. Ann Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Ya-Yu Tsai
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Xiaotao Qu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Rod Karevan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Janet Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Nathan Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Melissa C. Larson
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Katja K. Aben
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500, Netherlands
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Netherlands, Utrecht, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Director of Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, UCI Center of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA, 92697
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- Byelorussian Institute for Oncology and Medical Radiology Aleksandrov N.N., 223040, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Antonis Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Sebastian M. Armasu
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | | | - Australian Ovarian Cancer Study
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - François Bacot
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal (Québec) Canada, H3A 0G1
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Carlton VIC 3053, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA, 08901
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44195
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | | | - Greg Bloom
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA, 20892
| | | | - Robert Brown
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 00530
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 00530
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA, 37232
| | - Ian Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA, 20892
| | | | - Jin Q. Cheng
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Mine S. Cicek
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Gerhard A. Coetzee
- Department of Urology, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90089
| | - Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2
- Cancer Research UK, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dept of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Lab, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Division Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87131
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland, 02-781
| | - Evelyn Despierre
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3000
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA, 03755
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Andreas du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | | | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90095
| | | | - James M. Flanagan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Sections of Epidemiology and Genetics at the Institute of Cancer Research and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK, SW7 3RP
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, NW1 2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Carlton VIC 3053, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3806, Australia
| | | | | | - Marc T. Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90048
| | - Martin Gore
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bohdan Górski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, 70-115
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, 70-115
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Istitutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 171-77
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Philipp Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik Wiesbaden, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maureen Hoatlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239
| | - Claus K. Høgdall
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, 2730
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, 70-115
| | - Allan Jensen
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heather Jim
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Kimberly R. Kalli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90048
| | - Stanley B. Kaye
- Section of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Department of Popluation Health Research, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, Alberta, Canada and Departments of Medical Genetics and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2N 2T9
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500, Netherlands
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Netherlands, Utrecht, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500, Netherlands
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Gottfried E. Konecny
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90095
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- The Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland, 02-781
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3000
| | | | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada, G12 0YN
| | - Arto Leminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 00530
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10021
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA, 77044
| | - Boon Kiong Lim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karen H. Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, 70-115
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA, 96813
| | - Leon F.A.G. Massuger
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500, Netherlands
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA, USA, 94305
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X5
| | - Usha Menon
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, NW1 2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
- Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15213
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA, 14263
| | - Toru Nakanishi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Nagoya, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1N8
| | - Lotte Nedergaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA, 77030
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 00530
| | - Stefan Nickels
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Urology, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90089
- USC Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90089
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA, 14263
| | - Sara H. Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
| | - James Paul
- The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, G12 0YN, UK
| | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239
| | - Liisa M. Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 00530
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, 10065
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 02115
- Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Paola Raska
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA, 44195
| | - Stefan P. Renner
- University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Public Health and School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA, 08901
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, 98109
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98109
| | - Anja Rudolph
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo B. Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Iwona K. Rzepecka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland, 02-781
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ira Schwaab
- Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, 65187, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Carlton VIC 3053, Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vijayalakshmi Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA, 37232
| | - Yurii B. Shvetsov
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA, 96813
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA, USA, 94305
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Beata Spiewankiewicz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland, 02-781
| | - Daniel Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Pediatrics Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Daniel C. Tessier
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal (Québec) Canada, H3A 0G1
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90048
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 02115
- Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Anne M. van Altena
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500, Netherlands
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3000
| | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Daniel Vincent
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal (Québec) Canada, H3A 0G1
| | - Allison F. Vitonis
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Rachel Palmieri Weber
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, 27708
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA, 20892
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA, USA, 94305
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA, 96813
| | - Boris Winterhoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Yin Ling Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
| | | | - Hannah P. Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD, USA, 20892
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA, 37232
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA, 92697
| | - Famida Zulkifli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Edwin Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, 27708
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, 27708
- Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA, 27708-0251
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC, USA, 27708
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA, 66160
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA, 55905
| | - Paul D. P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alvaro N.A. Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Population Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA, 33612
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90033
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Shen H, Fridley BL, Song H, Lawrenson K, Cunningham JM, Ramus SJ, Cicek MS, Tyrer J, Stram D, Larson MC, Köbel M, Ziogas A, Zheng W, Yang HP, Wu AH, Wozniak EL, Ling Woo Y, Winterhoff B, Wik E, Whittemore AS, Wentzensen N, Palmieri Weber R, Vitonis AF, Vincent D, Vierkant RA, Vergote I, Van Den Berg D, Van Altena AM, Tworoger SS, Thompson PJ, Tessier DC, Terry KL, Teo SH, Templeman C, Stram DO, Southey MC, Sieh W, Siddiqui N, Shvetsov YB, Shu XO, Shridhar V, Wang-Gohrke S, Severi G, Schwaab I, Salvesen HB, Rzepecka IK, Runnebaum IB, Anne Rossing M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Risch HA, Renner SP, Poole EM, Pike MC, Phelan CM, Pelttari LM, Pejovic T, Paul J, Orlow I, Zawiah Omar S, Olson SH, Odunsi K, Nickels S, Nevanlinna H, Ness RB, Narod SA, Nakanishi T, Moysich KB, Monteiro AN, Moes-Sosnowska J, Modugno F, Menon U, McLaughlin JR, McGuire V, Matsuo K, Mat Adenan NA, Massuger LF, Lurie G, Lundvall L, Lubiński J, Lissowska J, Levine DA, Leminen A, Lee AW, Le ND, Lambrechts S, Lambrechts D, Kupryjanczyk J, Krakstad C, Konecny GE, Krüger Kjaer S, Kiemeney LA, Kelemen LE, Keeney GL, Karlan BY, Karevan R, Kalli KR, Kajiyama H, Ji BT, Jensen A, Jakubowska A, Iversen E, Hosono S, Høgdall CK, Høgdall E, Hoatlin M, Hillemanns P, Heitz F, Hein R, Harter P, Halle MK, Hall P, Gronwald J, Gore M, Goodman MT, Giles GG, Gentry-Maharaj A, Garcia-Closas M, Flanagan JM, Fasching PA, Ekici AB, Edwards R, Eccles D, Easton DF, Dürst M, du Bois A, Dörk T, Doherty JA, Despierre E, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Cybulski C, Cramer DW, Cook LS, Chen X, Charbonneau B, Chang-Claude J, Campbell I, Butzow R, Bunker CH, Brueggmann D, Brown R, Brooks-Wilson A, Brinton LA, Bogdanova N, Block MS, Benjamin E, Beesley J, Beckmann MW, Bandera EV, Baglietto L, Bacot F, Armasu SM, Antonenkova N, Anton-Culver H, Aben KK, Liang D, Wu X, Lu K, Hildebrandt MA, Schildkraut JM, Sellers TA, Huntsman D, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Gayther SA, Pharoah PD, Laird PW, Goode EL, Leigh Pearce C. Epigenetic analysis leads to identification of HNF1B as a subtype-specific susceptibility gene for ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1628. [PMID: 23535649 PMCID: PMC3848248 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HNF1B is overexpressed in clear cell epithelial ovarian cancer, and we observed epigenetic silencing in serous epithelial ovarian cancer, leading us to hypothesize that variation in this gene differentially associates with epithelial ovarian cancer risk according to histological subtype. Here we comprehensively map variation in HNF1B with respect to epithelial ovarian cancer risk and analyse DNA methylation and expression profiles across histological subtypes. Different single-nucleotide polymorphisms associate with invasive serous (rs7405776 odds ratio (OR)=1.13, P=3.1 × 10(-10)) and clear cell (rs11651755 OR=0.77, P=1.6 × 10(-8)) epithelial ovarian cancer. Risk alleles for the serous subtype associate with higher HNF1B-promoter methylation in these tumours. Unmethylated, expressed HNF1B, primarily present in clear cell tumours, coincides with a CpG island methylator phenotype affecting numerous other promoters throughout the genome. Different variants in HNF1B associate with risk of serous and clear cell epithelial ovarian cancer; DNA methylation and expression patterns are also notably distinct between these subtypes. These findings underscore distinct mechanisms driving different epithelial ovarian cancer histological subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shen
- USC Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, 66160 Kansas USA
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Mine S. Cicek
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Douglas Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Melissa C. Larson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Calgary Laboratory Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 2T9 Alberta Canada
| | | | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92697 California USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, 37232 Tennessee USA
| | - Hannah P. Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Eva L. Wozniak
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, NW1 2BU UK
| | - Yin Ling Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Affiliated to UM Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 59100 Malaysia
| | - Boris Winterhoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305 California USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland USA
| | - Rachel Palmieri Weber
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708 North Carolina USA
| | - Allison F. Vitonis
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Anne M. Van Altena
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500 The Netherlands
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, 96813 USA
| | | | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, 47500 Malaysia
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 59100 Malaysia
| | - Claire Templeman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053 Victoria Australia
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305 California USA
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G4 0SF UK
| | - Yurii B. Shvetsov
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, 96813 USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92697 California USA
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, 89091 Germany
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3053 Victoria Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Victoria Australia
| | - Ira Schwaab
- Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, 65187 Germany
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
| | - Iwona K. Rzepecka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, 02-781 Poland
| | - Ingo B. Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743 Germany
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109 Washington USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98109 Washington USA
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, 08901 New Jersey USA
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, 06520 Connecticut USA
| | - Stefan P. Renner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054 Germany
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065 New York USA
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, 33612 Florida USA
| | - Liisa M. Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00530 Finland
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon USA
| | - James Paul
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, G12 0YN UK
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065 New York USA
| | - Siti Zawiah Omar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Affiliated to UM Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 59100 Malaysia
| | - Sara H. Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065 New York USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, 14263 New York USA
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120 Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00530 Finland
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, 77030 Texas USA
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women’s College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G IN8 Ontario Canada
| | - Toru Nakanishi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, 14263 New York USA
| | - Alvaro N.A. Monteiro
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, 33612 Florida USA
| | - Joanna Moes-Sosnowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, 02-781 Poland
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213 Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213 Pennsylvania USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15213 Pennsylvania USA
| | - Usha Menon
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, NW1 2BU UK
| | - John R. McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 3M7 Ontario Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, M5G IX5 Ontario Canada
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305 California USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Noor Azmi Mat Adenan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Affiliated to UM Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 59100 Malaysia
| | - Leon F.A.G Massuger
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500 The Netherlands
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, 96813 USA
| | - Lene Lundvall
- Gynecologic Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, 70-115 Poland
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, 02-781 Poland
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Department of Surgery, Gynecology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10021 New York USA
| | - Arto Leminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00530 Finland
| | - Alice W. Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, G12 0YN British Columbia Canada
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, 02-781 Poland
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
| | - Gottfried E. Konecny
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095 California USA
| | - Susanne Krüger Kjaer
- Gynecologic Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500 Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500 The Netherlands
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Utrecht, 1066CX The Netherlands
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Department of Population Health Research, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, T2N 2T9 Alberta Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 2T9 Alberta Canada
| | - Gary L. Keeney
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, 90048 California USA
| | - Rod Karevan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Kimberly R. Kalli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Etiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland USA
| | - Allan Jensen
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, 70-115 Poland
| | - Edwin Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, 27708 North Carolina USA
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Claus K. Høgdall
- Gynecologic Clinic, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, DK-2100 Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2730 Denmark
| | - Maureen Hoatlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 97239 Oregon USA
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625 Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, 45136 Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik, Wiesbaden, 65199 Germany
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120 Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, PMV Research Group, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50923 Germany
| | - Philipp Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, 45136 Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik, Wiesbaden, 65199 Germany
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, HB 5006 Norway
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171-77 Sweden
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, 70-115 Poland
| | - Martin Gore
- Gynecological Oncology Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ UK
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute, Los Angeles, 90048 California USA
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3053 Victoria Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Victoria Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3806 Victoria Australia
| | | | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP UK
| | - James M. Flanagan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054 Germany
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095 California USA
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91054 Germany
| | - Robert Edwards
- Maggee Women’s Hospital, Pittsburg, 15213 Pennsylvania USA
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, S017 1BJ UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, 07743 Germany
| | - Andreas du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, 45136 Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Klinik, Wiesbaden, 65199 Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625 Germany
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, 03755 New Hampshire USA
| | - Evelyn Despierre
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, 02-781 Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, 70-115 Poland
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 Massachusetts USA
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131 New Mexico USA
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4006 Queensland Australia
| | - Bridget Charbonneau
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131 New Mexico USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120 Germany
| | - Ian Campbell
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Melbourne, VIC 3002 Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3053 Victoria Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3002 Victoria Australia
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00530 Finland
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00530 Finland
| | - Clareann H. Bunker
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213 Pennsylvania USA
| | - Doerthe Brueggmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Robert Brown
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, V52 1L3 British Columbia Canada
| | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland USA
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625 Germany
| | - Matthew S. Block
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Elizabeth Benjamin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6JJ UK
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4006 Queensland Australia
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Erlangen, 91054 Germany
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, 08901 New Jersey USA
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3053 Victoria Australia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytical Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Victoria Australia
| | | | - Sebastian M. Armasu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- Belarusian Institute for Oncology and Medical Radiology Aleksandrov N.N., Minsk, 223040 Belarus
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Cancer Genetics Research and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, 92697 California USA
| | - Katja K. Aben
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, HB 6500 Netherlands
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Utrecht, 1066CX The Netherlands
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, 77044 Texas USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030 Texas USA
| | - Karen Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030 Texas USA
| | | | | | - Australian Cancer Study
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4006 Queensland Australia
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27708 North Carolina USA
- Cancer Prevention, Detection and Control Research Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, 27708 North Carolina USA
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, 33612 Florida USA
| | - David Huntsman
- Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, V5Z 4E6 British Columbia Canada
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Gynecologic Cancer Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, 27708 North Carolina USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, QLD 4006 Queensland Australia
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Peter W. Laird
- USC Epigenome Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 Minnesota USA
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 90033 California USA
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Cicek MS, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Serie DJ, Bamlet WR, Diergaarde B, Haile RW, Le Marchand L, Krontiris TG, Younghusband HB, Gallinger S, Newcomb PA, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA, Casey G, Schumacher F, Chen Z, DeRycke MS, Templeton AS, Winship I, Green RC, Green JS, Macrae FA, Parry S, Young GP, Young JP, Buchanan D, Thomas DC, Bishop DT, Lindor NM, Thibodeau SN, Potter JD, Goode EL. Colorectal cancer linkage on chromosomes 4q21, 8q13, 12q24, and 15q22. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38175. [PMID: 22675446 PMCID: PMC3364975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of familial colorectal cancer (CRC) is not a consequence of known susceptibility loci, such as mismatch repair (MMR) genes, supporting the existence of additional loci. To identify novel CRC loci, we conducted a genome-wide linkage scan in 356 white families with no evidence of defective MMR (i.e., no loss of tumor expression of MMR proteins, no microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumors, or no evidence of linkage to MMR genes). Families were ascertained via the Colon Cancer Family Registry multi-site NCI-supported consortium (Colon CFR), the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Memorial University of Newfoundland. A total of 1,612 individuals (average 5.0 per family including 2.2 affected) were genotyped using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism linkage arrays; parametric and non-parametric linkage analysis used MERLIN in a priori-defined family groups. Five lod scores greater than 3.0 were observed assuming heterogeneity. The greatest were among families with mean age of diagnosis less than 50 years at 4q21.1 (dominant HLOD = 4.51, α = 0.84, 145.40 cM, rs10518142) and among all families at 12q24.32 (dominant HLOD = 3.60, α = 0.48, 285.15 cM, rs952093). Among families with four or more affected individuals and among clinic-based families, a common peak was observed at 15q22.31 (101.40 cM, rs1477798; dominant HLOD = 3.07, α = 0.29; dominant HLOD = 3.03, α = 0.32, respectively). Analysis of families with only two affected individuals yielded a peak at 8q13.2 (recessive HLOD = 3.02, α = 0.51, 132.52 cM, rs1319036). These previously unreported linkage peaks demonstrate the continued utility of family-based data in complex traits and suggest that new CRC risk alleles remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S. Cicek
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Serie
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - William R. Bamlet
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Haile
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Theodore G. Krontiris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | | | - Steven Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Polly A. Newcomb
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - John L. Hopper
- Departments of Public Health and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark A. Jenkins
- Departments of Public Health and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Melissa S. DeRycke
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Allyson S. Templeton
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ingrid Winship
- Departments of Public Health and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger C. Green
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jane S. Green
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Finlay A. Macrae
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan Parry
- New Zealand Familial GI Cancer Registry, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Gastroenterology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme P. Young
- Flinders Centre for Cancer Prevention and Control, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Joanne P. Young
- Familial Cancer Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Buchanan
- Familial Cancer Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia
| | - Duncan C. Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - D. Timothy Bishop
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Noralane M. Lindor
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stephen N. Thibodeau
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - John D. Potter
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Departments of Health Sciences Research, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Olson JE, Cicek MS, Fridley BL, Armasu SM, Larson MC, Vierkant RA, Rider DL, Kalli KR, Cunningham JM, Goode EL. Abstract 5008: Genome-wide methylation and ovarian cancer survival. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-5008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death in women in the US; approximately 15,000 women will die from this disease in 2011 (ACS, 2011). The 5 year survival rate for stage IV disease is only 18%. Only a handful of independent significant prognostic factors are known, including tumor stage at surgery, size of residual tumor at the end of primary surgery, and age at diagnosis. Understanding how the variation of cytosine methylation in the context of cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) affects complex disease etiology and survival is the current focus of many ongoing research studies. We conducted an epigenome-wide study of methylation in ovarian cancer cases to evaluate whether variation in methylation of CpG sites in genomic DNA may be associated with ovarian cancer survival. Methods Subjects included cases from an ongoing case-control study. The Mayo Clinic Ovarian Cancer Study is a clinic-based study that recruits ovarian cancer cases within 12 months of diagnosis. Pre-treatment, germline DNA from lymphocytes from 137 cases was bisulfite-modified, amplified and genotyped on the Illumina 450K methylation chip and included in these analyses. Quality control (QC) analyses include the elimination of all methylation probes with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) or insertion/deletion (in/del) at the same location; removal of non-specific probes; and estimation of bisulfite conversion rates using embedded control probes. Planned analyses include assessment of clinical covariates (age, stage, extent of surgical debulking, grade, presence of ascites) to determine which are associated with overall survival in our data. Additional analyses will assess the age- and multi-variate-adjusted association of each methylation probe with overall survival using Cox proportional hazards regression models with each methylation probe modeled as a continuous variable. Data will be summarized using Manhattan plots. These analyses will be repeated using ‘time to recurrence’ as the outcome variable, with recurrence defined as time to ovarian cancer recurrence/progression or death. Results Bioinformatics analyses suggest that 36,659 probes were located at the site of a SNP or in/del and should be removed from future analyses. Another 448 probes had a detection rate of p< 0.01 and 6630 probes had signals for the negative control samples; all were removed from analyses. A total of 43,802 probes were removed. In addition, ten cases were excluded due to either poor bisulfite conversion (N=9) or extremely low raw methylation values across all probes (N=1). This leaves a total of 127 cases for analyses. Results from planned analyses will be presented, including estimation of the association of methylation probes with both overall survival and time to recurrence. Conclusions Data to be presented will describe whether there is any evidence that methylation of genomic DNA in ovarian cancer cases is associated with outcome of ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5008. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5008
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Charbonneau B, White KL, Schildkraut JM, Palmieri RT, Iversen E, Berchuck A, Vierkant RA, Rider DN, Cicek MS, Sutphen R, Birrer MJ, Pharoah PP, Song H, Tyrer J, Gayther SA, Ramus SJ, Wentzensen N, Yang HP, Garcia-Closas M, Phelan CM, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Sellers TA, Goode EL. Abstract 2603: Subtype-specific ovarian cancer risk associated with SNPs in IL1A. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-2603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As pathways of the immune system play an important role in multiple malignancies, we assessed the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes and risk of ovarian cancer in a multi-site case-control study. Using a custom array, we genotyped 930 epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 1,037 controls for SNPs in ALOX12, ALOX15, ALOX5, CCL11, CCL2, CCL3, CCR3, CRP, CXCL16, IL10, IL15RA, IL18, IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL4R, IL6, IL6R, IL7R, IL8RA, IL8RB, IL9, NOS3, PTGS1, PTGS2, TLR2, and TNF. After analysis by logistic regression, SNPs with p<0.10 were evaluated in an independent data set of 3,143 cases and 2,102 controls from the Follow-up of Ovarian Cancer Genetic Association and Interaction Studies (FOCI) collaboration. Combined analysis revealed association with interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A) SNPs (rs17561 and rs4848300, r2=0.990, p=0.005) which varied by histological subtype (heterogeneity p=0.03). For example, IL1A rs17561, which results in a missense change in amino acid at position 114 and correlates with multiple inflammatory phenotypes, was inversely associated with risk of clear cell, mucinous, and endometrioid subtypes, but not with the serous subtype (Table 1). Additional data on IL1A rs17561 in an even larger collection of ovarian cancer cases and controls are pending and will be analyzed soon. We also found that genotype at rs1864414 in ALOX5 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) was associated with decreased risk combined across subtypes (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.95; p=0.002). Thus, inherited variation in IL1A and ALOX5 appears to have a role in ovarian cancer risk, though it is limited to rarer subtypes for IL1A. These data add to existing literature on the importance of inflammation in tumorigenesis and growing evidence of subtype-specific traits in ovarian cancer and may provide important clues on prevention.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2603. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2603
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rachel T. Palmieri
- 4Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ed Iversen
- 5Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- 3Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Honglin Song
- 8University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Cicek MS, Fridley BL, Rumilla KM, Lindor NM, Block MS, Song H, Pharoah P, Sellers TA, Goode EL. Abstract 2619: Relevance of mismatch repair deficiency in ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in gynecologic malignancies in the United States with most patients presenting with late stage disease; patients receive the same treatment regardless of histology or tumor characteristics. The mismatch repair (MMR) molecular pathway is well-defined and known to be involved in up to 20% of ovarian cancers; however, association of deficient v proficient MMR status (dMMR v pMMR status) with risk factors and outcome is not well understood. We are conducting extensive molecular testing of the MMR genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, and PMS2 on Mayo Clinic invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases. First, the prevalence of dMMR tumors will be estimated in ovarian cancer cases (n=496) based on loss of expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, and PMS2 determined by immunohistochemistry staining of primary antibodies using negative and positive controls. Staining of tissue microarrays (TMAs) is complete; triplicate cores will be scored independently for presence or loss of protein expression by a board-certified pathologist. Second, for those dMMR cases, the possible cause of MMR deficiency will be evaluated considering germline and somatic mutations. The loss of expression of each protein will be characterized as germline if a deleterious mutation is present in peripheral blood or somatic if the pathogenic mutation is only present in tumor tissue. In cases with MLH1 loss somatic hypermethylation will also be considered. Analysis of germline mutation data will include all 496 cases and somatic mutations data will include a subset of cases tested with frozen tumor DNA (n=292) using Fluidigm access array targeted resequencing. Third, the clinical features of dMMR disease will be compared to those of pMMR; in particular, age at diagnosis, histopathology, and disease outcome. Among cases in this analysis, the majority have high-grade serous disease with a mean age at diagnosis of 61 years, about half had recurrence or progression (n=243) of which two-thirds (n=167) are deceased. Finally, known and suspected ovarian cancer risk factors (family history, smoking, body mass index, parity, use of hormone therapy, and genetic variation in susceptibility loci at 2q31, 3q25, 8q24, 9p22, 17q21, and 19p13) will be analyzed by MMR phenotype. Risk factor questionnaire data is available on 462 cases (93%), as well as 737 population controls with germline genome-wide genotype data. About half of the cases (n=231) report a 1st or 2nd degree family member with breast or ovarian cancer. Given the limited knowledge about ovarian cancer etiology and the poor prognosis of advanced disease, it is very important to study risk factors with this molecular subtype. The ovarian cancer dMMR phenotype may have distinct clinicopathological features that could guide risk stratification and be useful in diagnostics and therapeutics. This is the largest study characterizing MMR in an ovarian cancer population to date.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2619. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2619
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Honglin Song
- 2University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Pharoah
- 2University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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White KL, Schildkraut JM, Palmieri RT, Iversen ES, Berchuck A, Vierkant RA, Rider DN, Charbonneau B, Cicek MS, Sutphen R, Birrer MJ, Pharoah PPD, Song H, Tyrer J, Gayther SA, Ramus SJ, Wentzensen N, Yang HP, Garcia-Closas M, Phelan CM, Cunningham JM, Fridley BL, Sellers TA, Goode EL. Ovarian cancer risk associated with inherited inflammation-related variants. Cancer Res 2012; 72:1064-9. [PMID: 22282663 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The importance of inflammation pathways to the development of many human cancers prompted us to examine the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in inflammation-related genes and risk of ovarian cancer. In a multisite case-control study, we genotyped SNPs in a large panel of inflammatory genes in 930 epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 1,037 controls using a custom array and analyzed by logistic regression. SNPs with P < 0.10 were evaluated among 3,143 cases and 2,102 controls from the Follow-up of Ovarian Cancer Genetic Association and Interaction Studies (FOCI) post-GWAS collaboration. Combined analysis revealed association with SNPs rs17561 and rs4848300 in the interleukin gene IL1A which varied by histologic subtype (P(heterogeneity) = 0.03). For example, IL1A rs17561, which correlates with numerous inflammatory phenotypes, was associated with decreased risk of clear cell, mucinous, and endometrioid subtype, but not with the most common serous subtype. Genotype at rs1864414 in the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 was also associated with decreased risk. Thus, inherited variation in IL1A and ALOX5 seems to affect ovarian cancer risk which, for IL1A, is limited to rarer subtypes. Given the importance of inflammation in tumorigenesis and growing evidence of subtype-specific features in ovarian cancer, functional investigations will be important to help clarify the importance of inherited variation related to inflammation in ovarian carcinogenesis.
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Ward CJ, Wu Y, Johnson RA, Woollard JR, Bergstralh EJ, Cicek MS, Bakeberg J, Rossetti S, Heyer CM, Petersen GM, Lindor NM, Thibodeau SN, Harris PC, Torres VE, Hogan MC, Boardman LA. Germline PKHD1 mutations are protective against colorectal cancer. Hum Genet 2011; 129:345-9. [PMID: 21274727 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-0950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) gene, PKHD1, has been implicated in the genesis or growth of colorectal adenocarcinoma, as a high level of somatic mutations was found in colorectal tumor tissue. To determine whether carriers of a single PKHD1 mutation are at increased risk of colorectal carcinoma, we assessed the prevalence of the commonest European mutation, T36M. First, we assayed a European cohort of ARPKD patients and found T36M was responsible for 13.1% of mutations. We then investigated two European cohorts with colorectal adenocarcinoma versus two control cohorts of similar age and gender. Screening for the most common PKHD1 mutation, T36M, we detected 15:3,603 (0.42%) controls versus 1:3,767 (0.027%) colorectal cancer individuals, indicating that heterozygous PKHD1 mutations are not a risk factor and are protective (p=0.0002). We also show that the carriage rate for PKHD1 mutations in the European population is higher than previous accepted at 3.2% (1:31 genomes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Ward
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Cicek MS, Slager SL, Achenbach SJ, French AJ, Blair HE, Fink SR, Foster NR, Kabat BF, Halling KC, Cunningham JM, Cerhan JR, Jenkins RB, Boardman LA, Petersen GM, Sargent DJ, Alberts SR, Limburg PJ, Thibodeau SN. Functional and clinical significance of variants localized to 8q24 in colon cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2492-500. [PMID: 19690179 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple genome-wide association studies have identified several susceptibility variants for colon cancer at 8q24. However, the functional roles of these variants have yet to be elucidated. Here, we evaluated the potential role of these markers in tumor progression and examined association with commonly observed structural abnormalities in this region, c-MYC amplification and chromosome fragility at FRA8C and FRA8D. We first replicated the previously reported association by testing 1,178 cases and 1,009 clinic-based controls with eight markers localized to three specific regions at 8q24. We observed significant associations with colon cancer risk with markers rs13254738 (ordinal odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.072-0.94; P(trend) = 0.0037) and rs6983267 (ordinal odds ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.32, P(trend) = 0.013). Survival analysis was done using a separate set of 460 cases to evaluate the clinical significance of these markers. Overall, univariate analysis did not detect survival differences for any of the markers. We also tested a subset of the 460 cases (n = 380) for structural abnormalities at or near the c-MYC locus using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated a small number of cases homozygous for the rs6983267 alleles to test for differences in fragile site induction. None of the 8q markers correlated with amplification at the c-MYC locus as detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and no clear pattern of breakage was observed at the FRA8C and FRA8D sites. In this study, we confirm the association for several single nucleotide polymorphisms at 8q24 in colon cancer but have not detected any structural role relating to c-MYC amplification or chromosomal fragility. Finally, these risk alleles do not seem to be associated with survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, 920 Hilton Building, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ross PL, Cheng I, Liu X, Cicek MS, Carroll PR, Casey G, Witte JS. Carboxypeptidase 4 gene variants and early-onset intermediate-to-high risk prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:69. [PMID: 19245716 PMCID: PMC2657151 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carboxypeptidase 4 (CPA4) is a zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidase on chromosome 7q32 in a region linked to prostate cancer aggressiveness. CPA4 is involved in the histone hyperacetylation pathway and may modulate the function of peptides that affect the growth and regulation of prostate epithelial cells. We examined the association between genetic variation in CPA4 and intermediate-to-high risk prostate cancer. Methods We studied 1012 men (506 cases and 506 controls) from Cleveland, Ohio. All cases had Gleason ≥ 7, clinical stage ≥ T2c, or PSA ≥ 10 ng/mL at diagnosis. Six CPA4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped, and evaluated for their relation to prostate cancer. We also evaluated whether CPA4 variants influence risk of disease among men diagnosed at an earlier age (< 66 years). Results The nonsynonymous coding SNP (rs2171492, Cys303Gly) in CPA4 was associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer among younger patients (< 66 years). Specifically, men carrying the TT genotype had an approximately two-fold increased risk for being diagnosed with intermediate-to-high risk disease (Odds Ratio = 1.83, p = 0.04). In the overall population (all ages) none of the CPA4 SNPs demonstrated a statistically significant association with prostate cancer. Conclusion Coding variation in CPA4 may confer increased risk of intermediate-to-high risk prostate cancer among younger patients. Further work is needed to identify the functional aspects of this variation and understand its biological effects on prostate cancer. Such work may translate into more precise screening of higher risk individuals as well as guiding clinicians and patients toward earlier and more definitive treatment modalities in patients genetically identified as higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip L Ross
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Cicek M, Fukuyama R, Cicek MS, Sizemore S, Welch DR, Sizemore N, Casey G. BRMS1 contributes to the negative regulation of uPA gene expression through recruitment of HDAC1 to the NF-kappaB binding site of the uPA promoter. Clin Exp Metastasis 2009; 26:229-37. [PMID: 19165610 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-009-9235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The BRMS1 metastasis suppressor was recently shown to negatively regulate NF-kappaB signaling and down regulate NF-kappaB-dependent uPA expression. Here we confirm that BRMS1 expression correlates with reduced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity in independently derived human melanoma C8161.9 cells stably expressing BRMS1. We show that knockdown of BRMS1 expression in these cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) leads to the reactivation of NF-kappaB DNA binding activity and re-expression of uPA. Further, we confirm that BRMS1 expression does not alter IKKbeta kinase activity suggesting that BRMS1-dependent uPA regulation does not occur through inhibition of the classical upstream activators of NF-kappaB. BRMS1 has been implicated as a corepressor of HDAC1 and consistent with this, we show that BRMS1 promotes HDAC1 recruitment to the NF-kappaB binding site of the uPA promoter and is associated with reduced H3 acetylation. We also confirm that BRMS1 expression stimulates disassociation of p65 from the NF-kappaB binding site of the uPA promoter consistent with its reduced DNA binding activity. These data suggest that BRMS1 recruits HDAC1 to the NF-kappaB binding site of the uPA promoter, modulates histone acetylation of p65 on the uPA promoter, leading to reduced NF-kappaB binding activity on its consensus sequence, and reduced transactivation of uPA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Cicek
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ochs-Balcom HM, Cicek MS, Thompson CL, Tucker TC, Elston RC, J Plummer S, Casey G, Li L. Association of vitamin D receptor gene variants, adiposity and colon cancer. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:1788-93. [PMID: 18628249 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants have been variably associated with risk of colon cancer in epidemiologic studies. We sought to further clarify the relationship between colon cancer and three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene (Cdx-2, FokI and TaqI) in a population-based case-control study of 250 incident cases and 246 controls. Colon cancer cases were more frequently homozygous for the Cdx-2 A allele (9.2 versus 4.1%, P = 0.06). Cdx-2 AA homozygotes were at increased risk with an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.47 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-5.37, P = 0.022]; adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory use and family history of colorectal cancer yielded an OR of 2.27 (CI: 0.95-5.41, P = 0.065). Carriers of the FokI TT genotype were also at increased risk with an adjusted OR of 1.87 (CI: 1.03-3.38, P = 0.038). Haplotype analyses showed significant increased colon cancer risk for carriers of the Cdx-2-FokI A-T haplotype and the FokI-TaqI T-G haplotype. The three-SNP Cdx-2-FokI-TaqI (A-T-G) haplotype showed a similar association with an adjusted OR of 3.63 (CI: 1.01-13.07). A strong positive association was observed for the Cdx-2 variant among individuals with low BMI or low waist circumference. Our results suggest that genetic variation at the VDR locus, in particular Cdx-2 and FokI SNPs, may influence colon cancer risk and these associations may be modified by adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Cunningham JM, Hebbring SJ, McDonnell SK, Cicek MS, Christensen GB, Wang L, Jacobsen SJ, Cerhan JR, Blute ML, Schaid DJ, Thibodeau SN. Evaluation of genetic variations in the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathways as risk factors for sporadic and familial prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16:969-78. [PMID: 17507624 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that enzymes involved in the androgen metabolic pathway are susceptibility factors for prostate cancer. Estrogen metabolites functioning as genotoxins have also been proposed as risk factors. In this study, we systematically tested the hypothesis that common genetic variations for those enzymes involved in the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathways increase risk for sporadic and familial prostate cancer. From these two pathways, 46 polymorphisms (34 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 10 short tandem repeat polymorphisms, and 2 null alleles) in 25 genes were tested for possible associations. Those genes tested included PRL, LHB, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, HSD3B2, HSD17B2, CYP17, SRD5A2, AKR1C3, UGT2B15, AR, SHBG, and KLK3 from the androgen pathway and CYP19, HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, COMT, GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, NQO1, ESR1, and ESR2 from the estrogen pathway. A case-control study design was used with two sets of cases: familial cases with a strong prostate cancer family history (n = 438 from 178 families) and sporadic cases with a negative prostate cancer family history (n = 499). The controls (n = 493) were derived from a population-based collection. Our results provide suggestive findings for an association with either familial or sporadic prostate cancer with polymorphisms in four genes: AKR1C3, HSD17B1, NQO1, and GSTT1. Additional suggestive findings for an association with clinical variables (disease stage, grade, and/or node status) were observed for single nucleotide polymorphisms in eight genes: HSD3B2, SRD5A2, SHBG, ESR1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, GSTT1, and NQO1. However, none of the findings were statistically significant after appropriate corrections for multiple comparisons. Given that the point estimates for the odds ratio for each of these polymorphisms are <2.0, much larger sample sizes will be required for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene has been associated with prostate cancer, although previous results are somewhat equivocal. To further study this, we did a family-based case-control study (N = 918) of the association between prostate cancer and six common VDR variants: Cdx2, FokI, BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, and the poly-A microsatellite. Looking at each variant alone, only FokI and ApaI were associated with disease. The FokI FF genotype was inversely associated with prostate cancer among men with less advanced disease (i.e., Gleason score <7 and tumor stage <T2c), where the odds ratio OR was 0.56 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.31-1.01; P = 0.05]. ApaI, carrying one or two copies of the A allele, exhibited a weak inverse association with disease (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.39-1.03; P = 0.06); this association was strengthened in Caucasian men with more advanced disease (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21-0.93; P = 0.03). We observed inverse associations between disease and the four-locus FBAt haplotype (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.30-0.76; P = 0.002) and the fbaT haplotype (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.95; P = 0.03; i.e., in comparison with the FbaT haplotype). These were stronger among men with more advanced disease: for FBAt, the OR was 0.31 (95% CI, 0.16-0.61; P = 0.0008); for fbaT, the OR was 0.32 (95% CI, 0.16-0.64; P = 0.001). These observations support a role for VDR variants in prostate cancer risk but suggest that any potential causal variant(s) may reside on the haplotypes reported here. This would help explain the somewhat equivocal results for VDR genotype-level associations with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
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Liu X, Cicek MS, Plummer SJ, Jorgenson E, Casey G, Witte JS. Association of testis derived transcript gene variants and prostate cancer risk. J Urol 2007; 177:894-8. [PMID: 17296370 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The testis derived transcript gene has been suggested as a tumor suppressor gene for prostate cancer at 7q31. To investigate this concept we evaluated the effects of 7 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms that comprehensively captured the common genetic variants in TES on aggressive prostate cancer in a case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 506 cases diagnosed with aggressive prostate cancer, and an equal number of age, institute and ethnicity matched controls, were recruited from the major medical institutions in Cleveland, Ohio. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between SNPs/multimarker haplotypes and prostate cancer. RESULTS When looking at all study subjects and white men only, no statistically significant associations were observed between any variants and more aggressive disease. However, 3 variants showed inverse associations with disease in black men (178), including 2 intronic SNPs (rs2402056, rs1004109) and 1 SNP close to the 3' untranslated region (rs4730721) with ORs of 0.57 (95% CI 0.36-0.90, under an additive mode of inheritance), 0.57 (95% CI 0.36-0.91, under an additive mode of inheritance) and 0.45 (95% CI 0.21-0.98, under a dominant mode of inheritance), respectively. Variants rs2402056 and rs1004109 are in tight linkage disequilibrium (r2=0.8) and the reconstructed haplotype did not provide any additional evidence for association than their genotype level results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the variants in TES, or in a nearby gene, may be associated with prostate cancer in black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0794, USA
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Nock NL, Liu X, Cicek MS, Li L, Macarie F, Rybicki BA, Plummer SJ, Maclennan GT, Casey G, Witte JS. Polymorphisms in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism and conjugation genes, interactions with smoking and prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 15:756-61. [PMID: 16614120 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between cigarette smoking and prostate cancer remains unclear. Any potential association may depend on the individuals' ability to metabolize and detoxify cigarette carcinogens--such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. To investigate this, we studied the association between prostate cancer and smoking, as well as the main and modifying effects of functional polymorphisms in genes that metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (CYP1A1 Ile(462)Val, microsomal epoxide hydrolase His(139)Arg) and detoxify reactive derivatives (GSTM1 null deletion, GSTT1 null deletion, GSTP1 Ile(105)Val and Ala(114)Val) using a family-based case-control design (439 prostate cancer cases and 479 brother controls). Within the entire study population, there were no main effects for smoking or any of the polymorphisms. However, the nondeleted GSTM1 allele was inversely associated with prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR), 0.50; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.26-0.94] among men with less aggressive disease (Gleason score < 7 and clinical tumor stage < T2c) and positively associated (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01-2.79) with prostate cancer in men with more aggressive disease (Gleason score > or = 7 or clinical tumor stage > or = T2c). We also found a statistically significant negative multiplicative interaction between the GSTM1 nondeleted allele and heavy smoking (> 20 pack-years) in the total study population (P = 0.01) and in Caucasians (P = 0.01). Among Caucasians, heavy smoking increased prostate cancer risk nearly 2-fold in those with the GSTM1 null genotype (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.99-3.05) but this increased risk was not observed in heavy smokers who carried the GSTM1 nondeleted allele (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.53-1.71). Our results highlight the importance of considering genetic modifiers of carcinogens when evaluating smoking in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora L Nock
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Nock NL, Cicek MS, Li L, Liu X, Rybicki BA, Moreira A, Plummer SJ, Casey G, Witte JS. Polymorphisms in estrogen bioactivation, detoxification and oxidative DNA base excision repair genes and prostate cancer risk. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27:1842-8. [PMID: 16569655 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgl022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the potential impact of hormones on prostate cancer has predominantly focused on receptor-mediated events. However, catechol estrogens, if not inactivated by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), can generate large quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS may cause a spectrum of damage including oxidative DNA base lesions, which can lead to irreversible mutation(s) if they are not repaired by base excision repair (BER) systems. hOGG1 is a key enzyme in short patch BER because it recognizes and performs initial excision of the most common form of oxidative DNA base damage, 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxo-dG). To investigate potential non-receptor-mediated estrogen effects, we evaluated the association between COMT Val158Met and hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms and prostate cancer in a family-based case-control study (439 prostate cancer cases, 479 brother controls). We observed no noteworthy associations between these polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in the total study population. However, among men with more aggressive prostate cancer, the hOGG1 326 Cys/Cys genotype was inversely associated with disease (OR=0.30; 95% CI=0.09-0.98). Combining the lower activity CYP1B1 432 Leu/Leu or Leu/Val genotypes (which may decrease the level of catechol estrogens and ROS generated) with the hOGG1 326 Cys/Cys genotype and the XRCC1 399 Arg/Arg or Arg/Gln genotypes (which may enhance BER) resulted in an even further reduced risk in Caucasians with more aggressive disease (OR=0.09; 95% CI=0.01-0.56). Including the high-activity COMT 158Val allele to this combination also lowered aggressive prostate cancer risk but the effect was not as strong (OR=0.20; 95% CI=0.05-0.88). The decreased risk we observed with the hOGG1 326 Cys/Cys genotype confirms an earlier report and the further reduced risk found with the CYP1B1 (432 Leu/Leu or Leu/Val)-hOGG1 (326 Cys/Cys)-XRCC1 (Arg/Arg or Arg/Gln) genotype combination may lend new insights to the importance of ROS generated from non-receptor-mediated estrogenic mechanisms in more aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora L Nock
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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43
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Casey G, Neville PJ, Liu X, Plummer SJ, Cicek MS, Krumroy LM, Curran AP, McGreevy MR, Catalona WJ, Klein EA, Witte JS. Podocalyxin variants and risk of prostate cancer and tumor aggressiveness. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15:735-41. [PMID: 16434482 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported linkage of a prostate cancer tumor aggressiveness locus to chromosome 7q32-q33, a region also associated with a high frequency of allelic imbalance in prostate tumors. The smallest region of allelic imbalance contains the podocalyxin-like (PODXL) gene, which we evaluate here as a candidate prostate cancer aggressiveness gene mapping to 7q32-q33. DNA from probands of linked families was examined for germ-line mutations in PODXL. A variable in-frame deletion, four missense variants and two nonsense variants were identified in linked men. Variants that affected amino acid sequence were further evaluated for association with risk of prostate cancer and tumor aggressiveness in a family-based case-control population (439 cases and 479 sibling controls). The presence of any single in-frame deletion was positively associated with prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR)=2.14, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.09-4.20, P=0.03] and the presence of two copies of any deletion further increased risk (OR=2.58, 95%CI=1.23-5.45, P=0.01). This finding was strengthened when stratifying among men with more aggressive disease (high grade or stage): OR=3.04 for one deletion (95%CI=1.01-9.15) and OR=4.42 for two deletions (95%CI=1.32-14.85, P=0.02). A weak positive association was also observed between prostate cancer risk and PODXL variant 340A (in linkage disequilibrium with another variant, 587T) (OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.02-2.14, P=0.04). These results implicate PODXL as a candidate prostate cancer tumor aggressiveness gene mapping to chromosome 7q32-q33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Casey
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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44
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Li L, Cicek MS, Casey G, Witte JS. No association between genetic polymorphisms in insulin and insulin receptor substrate-1 and prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14:2462-3. [PMID: 16214935 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Avenue, MU-420 West, San Francisco, CA 94143-0560, USA
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45
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Cicek MS, Liu X, Casey G, Witte JS. Role of Androgen Metabolism Genes CYP1B1, PSA/KLK3, and CYP11 in Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14:2173-7. [PMID: 16172228 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Candidate genes involved with androgen metabolism have been hypothesized to affect the risk of prostate cancer. To further investigate this, we evaluated the relationship between prostate cancer and multiple potentially functional polymorphisms in three genes involved in androgen metabolism: CYP1B1 (two single nucleotide polymorphisms: 355G/T and 4326C/G), prostate-specific antigen (PSA/KLK3 (three single nucleotide polymorphisms: -158A/G, -4643G/A, and -5412C/T), and CYP11alpha [(tttta)(n) repeat], using a moderately large (n = 918) sibling-based case-control population. When looking at all subjects combined, no association was observed between any polymorphism-or their haplotypes-and prostate cancer risk. However, among men with more aggressive prostate cancer, the CYP1B1 355G/T variant was positively associated with disease: carrying one or two T alleles gave odds ratios (OR) of 1.90 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.09-3.31; P = 0.02] and 3.73 (95% CI, 1.39-10.0; P = 0.009), respectively. Similarly, carrying the CYP1B1 355T-4326C haplotype was positively associated with prostate cancer among men with high aggressive disease (P = 0.01). In addition, the PSA -158G/-158G genotype was positively associated with prostate cancer among men with less aggressive disease (OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.06-6.94; P = 0.04). Our findings suggest that CYP1B1 and PSA variants may affect the risk of prostate cancer and tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner School of Medicine, Ohio, USA
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Li L, Cicek MS, Casey G, Witte JS. No association between a tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism of CYP19 and prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004; 13:2280-1. [PMID: 15598794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Avenue, MU-420 West, San Francisco, CA 94143-0560.
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47
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Cicek MS, Nock NL, Li L, Conti DV, Casey G, Witte JS. Relationship between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T and A1298C Genotypes and Haplotypes and Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.1331.13.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Previous reports indicate that polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene play a role in cancer development, but their potential impact on prostate cancer has not been well studied. Here, we evaluate the association between two MTHFR polymorphisms, C677T and A1298C, and prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness in a moderately large family-based case-control study (439 cases and 479 sibling controls). Among all study subjects, we observed no association between the C677T variant and prostate cancer but a slight positive association between the A1298C variant and risk of this disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-2.06; P = 0.08]. When stratifying the study population by disease aggressiveness at diagnosis, the C677T variant was positively associated with risk among men with less advanced disease (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.00-3.46; P = 0.05). In contrast, when looking at men with more advanced disease, the C677T variant was inversely associated with risk (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.82; P = 0.01), whereas the A1298C variant was positively associated with risk (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.06-3.02; P = 0.03). Furthermore, the 677T-1298A haplotype was positively associated with prostate cancer among men with less advanced disease (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.07-3.16; P = 0.03) and inversely associated with risk of more advanced disease (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.76; P = 0.002). Our findings suggest that 677T and 1298A, or another variant on their haplotype, may be associated with a reduced risk of progression to more advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S. Cicek
- 1Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nora L. Nock
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Li Li
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David V. Conti
- 3Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Graham Casey
- 1Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John S. Witte
- 4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Cicek MS, Nock NL, Li L, Conti DV, Casey G, Witte JS. Relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C genotypes and haplotypes and prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004; 13:1331-6. [PMID: 15298954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports indicate that polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene play a role in cancer development, but their potential impact on prostate cancer has not been well studied. Here, we evaluate the association between two MTHFR polymorphisms, C677T and A1298C, and prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness in a moderately large family-based case-control study (439 cases and 479 sibling controls). Among all study subjects, we observed no association between the C677T variant and prostate cancer but a slight positive association between the A1298C variant and risk of this disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-2.06; P = 0.08]. When stratifying the study population by disease aggressiveness at diagnosis, the C677T variant was positively associated with risk among men with less advanced disease (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.00-3.46; P = 0.05). In contrast, when looking at men with more advanced disease, the C677T variant was inversely associated with risk (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.82; P = 0.01), whereas the A1298C variant was positively associated with risk (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.06-3.02; P = 0.03). Furthermore, the 677T-1298A haplotype was positively associated with prostate cancer among men with less advanced disease (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.07-3.16; P = 0.03) and inversely associated with risk of more advanced disease (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.76; P = 0.002). Our findings suggest that 677T and 1298A, or another variant on their haplotype, may be associated with a reduced risk of progression to more advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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49
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Cicek MS, Conti DV, Curran A, Neville PJ, Paris PL, Casey G, Witte JS. Association of prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness to androgen pathway genes: SRD5A2, CYP17, and the AR. Prostate 2004; 59:69-76. [PMID: 14991867 DOI: 10.1002/pros.10358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prostate is an androgen-regulated organ and polymorphisms in genes involved in testosterone synthesis, in particular, SRD5A2 (A49T and V89L variants), CYP17 (MspAI variant), and the AR (CAG, GGC repeats), represent candidate risk factors for prostate cancer incidence and aggressiveness. METHODS We evaluated the relationship between these five polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in a family-based case-control study (N = 920). Cases were diagnosed at major medical institutions in Cleveland Ohio, and Detroit Michigan, and their unaffected brothers were used as controls. Associations were investigated with regard to prostate cancer risk, and clinical characteristics at diagnosis (i.e., tumor stage/grade, age, family history). RESULTS The SRD5A2 V89L variant was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.56, P = 0.02). This association was driven primarily by men diagnosed at an earlier age (OR = 2.35, P = 0.001), or with more aggressive disease (OR = 1.63, P = 0.06). None of the other variants exhibited noteworthy associations with disease. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the SRD5A2 V89L variant may influence risk of developing prostate cancer, especially among men with a younger age of diagnosis or more aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine S Cicek
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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50
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Li L, Cicek MS, Casey G, Witte JS. No Association between Genetic Polymorphisms in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and Prostate Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.497.13.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- 1Department of Family Medicine and
| | - Mine S. Cicek
- 3Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Graham Casey
- 3Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - John S. Witte
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; and
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