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Palmisano VF, Anguita-Ortiz N, Faraji S, Nogueira JJ. Voltage Gated Ion Channels: Structure, Pharmacology and Photopharmacology. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400162. [PMID: 38649320 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins responsible for the generation and propagation of action potentials in excitable cells. In the past few years, crystal structures of ion channels have become accessible and, when combined with mutagenesis data, have aided in the discovery of drugs that can modulate ion conduction. However, many traditional drugs lack selectivity and come with adverse side effects. The emergence of photopharmacology has provided an orthogonal way of controlling the activity of compounds, enabling the regulation of ion conduction with light. In this review, we explore the central pore region of voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels, providing insights from both structural and pharmacological perspectives. We discuss the different binding modes of synthetic compounds that can physically occlude the pore and, therefore, block the ion conduction. Moreover, we examine recent advances in the photopharmacology of voltage-gated ion channels, introducing molecular approaches aimed at controlling their activity by using photosensitive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shirin Faraji
- University of Groningen, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, NETHERLANDS
| | - Juan Jose Nogueira
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Chemistry, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049, Madrid, SPAIN
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2
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Palmisano VF, Agnorelli C, Fagiolini A, Erritzoe D, Nutt D, Faraji S, Nogueira JJ. Membrane Permeation of Psychedelic Tryptamines by Dynamic Simulations. Biochemistry 2024. [PMID: 38324395 PMCID: PMC10882957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Renewed scientific interest in psychedelic compounds represents one of the most promising avenues for addressing the current burden of mental health disorders. Classic psychedelics are a group of compounds that exhibit structural similarities to the naturally occurring neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). Acting on the 5-HT type 2A receptors (HT2ARs), psychedelics induce enduring neurophysiological changes that parallel their therapeutic psychological and behavioral effects. Recent preclinical evidence suggests that the ability of psychedelics to exert their action is determined by their ability to permeate the neuronal membrane to target a pool of intracellular 5-HT2ARs. In this computational study, we employ classical molecular dynamics simulations and umbrella sampling techniques to investigate the permeation behavior of 12 selected tryptamines and to characterize the interactions that drive the process. We aim at elucidating the impact of N-alkylation, indole ring substitution and positional modifications, and protonation on their membrane permeability. Dimethylation of the primary amine group and the introduction of a methoxy group at position 5 exhibited an increase in permeability. Moreover, there is a significant influence of positional substitutions on the indole groups, and the protonation of the molecules substantially increases the energy barrier at the center of the bilayer, making the compounds highly impermeable. All the information extracted from the trends predicted by the simulations can be applied in future drug design projects to develop psychedelics with enhanced activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito F Palmisano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Agnorelli
- Center for Psychedelic Research, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Science, Imperial College of London, London SW7 2BX, U.K
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - David Erritzoe
- Center for Psychedelic Research, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Science, Imperial College of London, London SW7 2BX, U.K
| | - David Nutt
- Center for Psychedelic Research, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Science, Imperial College of London, London SW7 2BX, U.K
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- IADCHEM, Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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3
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Eduardus, Shagam Y, Landau A, Faraji S, Schwerdtfeger P, Borschevsky A, Pašteka LF. Large vibrationally induced parity violation effects in CHDBrI . Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14579-14582. [PMID: 37990542 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03787h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The isotopically chiral molecular ion CHDBrI+ is identified as an exceptionally promising candidate for the detection of parity violation in vibrational transitions. The largest predicted parity-violating frequency shift reaches 1.8 Hz for the hydrogen wagging mode which has a sub-Hz natural line width and its vibrational frequency auspiciously lies in the available laser range. In stark contrast to this result, the parent neutral molecule is two orders of magnitude less sensitive to parity violation. The origin of this effect is analyzed and explained. Precision vibrational spectroscopy of CHDBrI+ is feasible as it is amenable to preparation at internally low temperatures and resistant to predissociation, promoting long interrogation times (Landau et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2023, 159, 114307). The intersection of these properties in this molecular ion places the first observation of parity violation in chiral molecules within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardus
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yuval Shagam
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute and The Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Arie Landau
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute and The Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anastasia Borschevsky
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Lukáš F Pašteka
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Menger MFSJ, Ou Q, Shao Y, Faraji S, Subotnik JE, Cofer-Shabica DV. Nature of Hops, Coordinates, and Detailed Balance for Nonadiabatic Simulations in the Condensed Phase. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8427-8436. [PMID: 37782887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced processes play a crucial role in a multitude of important molecular phenomena. Accurately modeling these processes in an environment other than a vacuum requires a detailed description of the electronic states involved as well as how energy flows are coupled to the surroundings. Nonadiabatic effects must also be included in order to describe the exchange of energy between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom correctly. In this work, we revisit the ring-opening reaction 1,3-cylohexadiene (CHD) in a solvent environment. Using our newly developed Interface for Non-Adiabatic Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics in Solvent (INAQS) we trace the evolution of the reaction via hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) surface hopping with a focus on the solvent's participation in the nonadiabatic relaxation process and the long-time approach to equilibrium. We explicitly include the MM solvent contribution to the nonadiabatic coupling vector─enabling an accurate approach to equilibrium at long times─and find that in highly multidimensional systems gradients can have little or nothing to do with the nonadiabatic couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian F S J Menger
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, University Heidelberg, INF 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qi Ou
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, United States
| | - D Vale Cofer-Shabica
- Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, United States
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5
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Landau A, Eduardus, Behar D, Wallach ER, Pašteka LF, Faraji S, Borschevsky A, Shagam Y. Chiral molecule candidates for trapped ion spectroscopy by ab initio calculations: From state preparation to parity violation. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114307. [PMID: 37724734 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Parity non-conservation (PNC) due to the weak interaction is predicted to give rise to enantiomer dependent vibrational constants in chiral molecules, but the phenomenon has so far eluded experimental observation. The enhanced sensitivity of molecules to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) has led to substantial advances in molecular precision spectroscopy, and these may be applied to PNC searches as well. Specifically, trapped molecular ion experiments leverage the universality of trapping charged particles to optimize the molecular ion species studied toward BSM searches, but in searches for PNC, only a few chiral molecular ion candidates have been proposed so far. Importantly, viable candidates need to be internally cold, and their internal state populations should be detectable with high quantum efficiency. To this end, we focus on molecular ions that can be created by near threshold resonant two-photon ionization and detected via state-selective photo-dissociation. Such candidates need to be stable in both charged and neutral chiral versions to be amenable to these methods. Here, we present a collection of suitable chiral molecular ion candidates we have found, including CHDBrI+ and CHCaBrI+, that fulfill these conditions according to our ab initio calculations. We find that organo-metallic species have low ionization energy as neutrals and relatively high dissociation thresholds. Finally, we compute the magnitude of the PNC values for vibrational transitions for some of these candidates. An experimental demonstration of state preparation and readout for these candidates will be an important milestone toward measuring PNC in chiral molecules for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie Landau
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Helen Diller Quantum Center and the Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The Institute of Advanced Studies in Theoretical Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Eduardus
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Doron Behar
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Helen Diller Quantum Center and the Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Eliana Ruth Wallach
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Helen Diller Quantum Center and the Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Lukáš F Pašteka
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anastasia Borschevsky
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity (VSI), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuval Shagam
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Helen Diller Quantum Center and the Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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6
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Grigorenko BL, Polyakov IV, Khrenova MG, Giudetti G, Faraji S, Krylov AI, Nemukhin AV. Multiscale Simulations of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Four Compounds and Three Reaction Mechanisms. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:13204-13214. [PMID: 37294056 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of computational modeling of the reactions of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPro) with four potential covalent inhibitors. Two of them, carmofur and nirmatrelvir, have shown experimentally the ability to inhibit MPro. Two other compounds, X77A and X77C, were designed computationally in this work. They were derived from the structure of X77, a non-covalent inhibitor forming a tight surface complex with MPro. We modified the X77 structure by introducing warheads capable of reacting with the catalytic cysteine residue in the MPro active site. The reaction mechanisms of the four molecules with MPro were investigated by quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations. The results show that all four compounds form covalent adducts with the catalytic cysteine Cys 145 of MPro. From the chemical perspective, the reactions of these four molecules with MPro follow three distinct mechanisms. The reactions are initiated by a nucleophilic attack of the thiolate group of the deprotonated cysteine residue from the catalytic dyad Cys145-His41 of MPro. In the case of carmofur and X77A, the covalent binding of the thiolate to the ligand is accompanied by the formation of the fluoro-uracil leaving group. The reaction with X77C follows the nucleophilic aromatic substitution SNAr mechanism. The reaction of MPro with nirmatrelvir (which has a reactive nitrile group) leads to the formation of a covalent thioimidate adduct with the thiolate of the Cys145 residue in the enzyme active site. Our results contribute to the ongoing search for efficient inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella L Grigorenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Igor V Polyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Maria G Khrenova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Goran Giudetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Alexander V Nemukhin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
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7
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Palmisano VF, Faraji S, Nogueira JJ. Effect of stacking interactions on charge transfer states in photoswitches interacting with ion channels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8331-8335. [PMID: 36883995 PMCID: PMC10696555 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05678j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The activity of ion channels can be reversibly photo-controlled via the binding of molecular photoswitches, often based on an azobenzene scaffold. Those azobenzene derivatives interact with aromatic residues of the protein via stacking interactions. In the present work, the effect of face-to-face and t-shaped stacking interactions on the excited state electronic structure of azobenzene and p-diaminoazobenzene integrated into the NaV1.4 channel is computationally investigated. The formation of a charge transfer state, caused by electron transfer from the protein to the photoswitches, is observed. This state is strongly red shifted when the interaction takes place in a face-to-face orientation and electron donating groups are present on the aromatic ring of the amino acids. The low-energy charge transfer state can interfere with the photoisomerization process after excitation to the bright state by leading to the formation of radical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito F Palmisano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Juan J Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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8
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Thie A, Menger MF, Faraji S. HOAX: a hyperparameter optimisation algorithm explorer for neural networks. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2172732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Thie
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian F.S.J. Menger
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Witek J, Heindel JP, Guan X, Leven I, Hao H, Naullage P, LaCour A, Sami S, Menger MFSJ, Cofer-Shabica DV, Berquist E, Faraji S, Epifanovsky E, Head-Gordon T. M-Chem: a Modular Software Package for Molecular Simulation that Spans Scientific Domains. Mol Phys 2022; 121:e2129500. [PMID: 37470065 PMCID: PMC10353727 DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2129500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
We present a new software package called M-Chem that is designed from scratch in C++ and parallelized on shared-memory multi-core architectures to facilitate efficient molecular simulations. Currently, M-Chem is a fast molecular dynamics (MD) engine that supports the evaluation of energies and forces from two-body to many-body all-atom potentials, reactive force fields, coarse-grained models, combined quantum mechanics molecular mechanics (QM/MM) models, and external force drivers from machine learning, augmented by algorithms that are focused on gains in computational simulation times. M-Chem also includes a range of standard simulation capabilities including thermostats, barostats, multi-timestepping, and periodic cells, as well as newer methods such as fast extended Lagrangians and high quality electrostatic potential generation. At present M-Chem is a developer friendly environment in which we encourage new software contributors from diverse fields to build their algorithms, models, and methods in our modular framework. The long-term objective of M-Chem is to create an interdisciplinary platform for computational methods with applications ranging from biomolecular simulations, reactive chemistry, to materials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagna Witek
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
| | - Joseph P Heindel
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Xingyi Guan
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Itai Leven
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
| | - Hongxia Hao
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Allen LaCour
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Selim Sami
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
| | - M F S J Menger
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D Vale Cofer-Shabica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19128 USA
| | - Eric Berquist
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny Epifanovsky
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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10
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Cofer-Shabica DV, Menger MFSJ, Ou Q, Shao Y, Subotnik JE, Faraji S. INAQS, a Generic Interface for Nonadiabatic QM/MM Dynamics: Design, Implementation, and Validation for GROMACS/Q-CHEM simulations. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4601-4614. [PMID: 35901266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The accurate description of large molecular systems in complex environments remains an ongoing challenge for the field of computational chemistry. This problem is even more pronounced for photoinduced processes, as multiple excited electronic states and their corresponding nonadiabatic couplings must be taken into account. Multiscale approaches such as hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) offer a balanced compromise between accuracy and computational burden. Here, we introduce an open-source software package (INAQS) for nonadiabatic QM/MM simulations that bridges the sampling capabilities of the GROMACS MD package and the excited-state infrastructure of the Q-CHEM electronic structure software. The interface is simple and can be adapted easily to other MD codes. The code supports a variety of different trajectory-based molecular dynamics, ranging from Born-Oppenheimer to surface hopping dynamics. To illustrate the power of this combination, we simulate electronic absorption spectra, free-energy surfaces along a reaction coordinate, and the excited-state dynamics of 1,3-cyclohexadiene in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vale Cofer-Shabica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, United States
| | - Maximilian F S J Menger
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qi Ou
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, United States
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Giudetti G, Polyakov I, Grigorenko BL, Faraji S, Nemukhin AV, Krylov AI. How Reproducible Are QM/MM Simulations? Lessons from Computational Studies of the Covalent Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Carmofur. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5056-5067. [PMID: 35797455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work explores the level of transparency in reporting the details of computational protocols that is required for practical reproducibility of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations. Using the reaction of an essential SARS-CoV-2 enzyme (the main protease) with a covalent inhibitor (carmofur) as a test case of chemical reactions in biomolecules, we carried out QM/MM calculations to determine the structures and energies of the reactants, the product, and the transition state/intermediate using analogous QM/MM models implemented in two software packages, NWChem and Q-Chem. Our main benchmarking goal was to reproduce the key energetics computed with the two packages. Our results indicate that quantitative agreement (within the numerical thresholds used in calculations) is difficult to achieve. We show that rather minor details of QM/MM simulations must be reported in order to ensure the reproducibility of the results and offer suggestions toward developing practical guidelines for reporting the results of biosimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Giudetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Igor Polyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Bella L Grigorenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Alexander V Nemukhin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
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12
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Salazar E, Reinink S, Faraji S. Providing theoretical insight into the role of symmetry in the photoisomerization mechanism of a non-symmetric dithienylethene photoswitch. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11592-11602. [PMID: 35531648 PMCID: PMC9116444 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dithienylethene (DTE) molecular photoswitches have shown to be excellent candidates in the design of efficient optoelectronic devices, due to their high photoisomerization quantum yield (QY), for which symmetry is suggested to play a crucial role. Here, we present a theoretical study on the photochemistry of a non-symmetric dithienylethene photoswitch, with a special emphasis on the effect of asymmetric substitution on the photocyclization and photoreversion mechanisms. We used the Spin-Flip Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (SF-TDDFT) method to locate and characterize the main structures (conical intersections and minima) of the ground state and the first two excited states, S1 and S2, along the ring-opening/closure reaction coordinate of the photocyclization and photoreversion processes, and to identify the important coordinates governing the radiationless decay pathways. Our results suggest that while the main features that characterize the photoisomerization of symmetric DTEs are also present for the photoisomerization of the non-symmetric DTE, the lower energy barrier on S1 along the cycloreversion reaction speaks in favor of a more efficient and therefore a higher cycloreversion QY for the non-symmetric DTEs, making them a better candidate for molecular optoelectronic devices than their symmetric counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Salazar
- Theoretical Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AG GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Reinink
- Theoretical Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AG GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AG GroningenThe Netherlands
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Wang X, Rathnachalam S, Zamudio-Bayer V, Bijlsma K, Li W, Hoekstra R, Kubin M, Timm M, von Issendorff B, Lau JT, Faraji S, Schlathölter T. Intramolecular hydrogen transfer in DNA induced by site-selective resonant core excitation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7815-7825. [PMID: 35297440 PMCID: PMC8966622 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05741c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present experimental evidence for soft X-ray induced intramolecular hydrogen transfer in the protonated synthetic tri-oligonucleotide d($^{\mbox{\footnotesize{F}}}$UAG) in the gas-phase. The trinucleotide cations were stored in a cryogenic ion trap...
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sivasudhan Rathnachalam
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaas Bijlsma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wen Li
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ronnie Hoekstra
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Markus Kubin
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - J Tobias Lau
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Schlathölter
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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14
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Bruininks BMH, Thie AS, Souza PCT, Wassenaar TA, Faraji S, Marrink SJ. Sequential Voxel-Based Leaflet Segmentation of Complex Lipid Morphologies. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7873-7885. [PMID: 34609876 PMCID: PMC8675136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As molecular dynamics simulations increase in complexity, new analysis tools are necessary to facilitate interpreting the results. Lipids, for instance, are known to form many complicated morphologies, because of their amphipathic nature, becoming more intricate as the particle count increases. A few lipids might form a micelle, where aggregation of tens of thousands could lead to vesicle formation. Millions of lipids comprise a cell and its organelle membranes, and are involved in processes such as neurotransmission and transfection. To study such phenomena, it is useful to have analysis tools that understand what is meant by emerging entities such as micelles and vesicles. Studying such systems at the particle level only becomes extremely tedious, counterintuitive, and computationally expensive. To address this issue, we developed a method to track all the individual lipid leaflets, allowing for easy and quick detection of topological changes at the mesoscale. By using a voxel-based approach and focusing on locality, we forego costly geometrical operations without losing important details and chronologically identify the lipid segments using the Jaccard index. Thus, we achieve a consistent sequential segmentation on a wide variety of (lipid) systems, including monolayers, bilayers, vesicles, inverted hexagonal phases, up to the membranes of a full mitochondrion. It also discriminates between adhesion and fusion of leaflets. We show that our method produces consistent results without the need for prefitting parameters, and segmentation of millions of particles can be achieved on a desktop machine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart M. H. Bruininks
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert S. Thie
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo C. T. Souza
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
- Molecular
Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry (MMSB, UMR 5086), CNRS, University of Lyon, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Tsjerk A. Wassenaar
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J. Marrink
- Groningen
Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Rezaei Z, Zeynodini S, Baghshahi H, Towhidi A, Faraji S. The effect of adding pyridoxine to soybean lecithin-based extender on goat semen quality parameters after the freeze-thawing process. Iran J Vet Res 2021; 22:234-238. [PMID: 34777525 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2021.39828.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Supplementing the semen extender with various antioxidants can increase the quality of semen. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate the addition of pyridoxine (vitamin B6), a phenolic compound with antioxidant properties, to soybean lecithin extender on motility and quality indices of goat sperm after freezing-thawing process. Methods Semen was collected at weekly intervals from four Mahabadi goats, mixed, and was divided into 7 subsamples. They were then diluted with the basal extender supplemented with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mM pyridoxine. Following freeze-thawing process, quality parameters such as sperm motility characteristics, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and malondialdehyde content were determined. Results The results showed that pyridoxine at the level of 6 mM caused the highest total motility rate (P<0.05). Progressive sperm motility was highest at the 4, 6, and 8 mM pyridoxine (P<0.05). Although the control group showed the least progressive motility, it was not statistically significantly different from the 12 mM level. Among the pyridoxine levels, the 6 mM level recorded the best performance in term of plasma membrane integrity, sperm viability, and decreasing malondialdehyde concentration compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The findings indicated that soybean lecithin extender supplemented with 6 mM pyridoxine can improve motility and quality parameters such as viability, plasma membrane integrity, and reduce oxidative stress of goat sperm after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rezaei
- MSc in Animal physiology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - S Zeynodini
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - H Baghshahi
- Graduated from Faculty College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Towhidi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - S Faraji
- Graduated form Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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16
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Epifanovsky E, Gilbert ATB, Feng X, Lee J, Mao Y, Mardirossian N, Pokhilko P, White AF, Coons MP, Dempwolff AL, Gan Z, Hait D, Horn PR, Jacobson LD, Kaliman I, Kussmann J, Lange AW, Lao KU, Levine DS, Liu J, McKenzie SC, Morrison AF, Nanda KD, Plasser F, Rehn DR, Vidal ML, You ZQ, Zhu Y, Alam B, Albrecht BJ, Aldossary A, Alguire E, Andersen JH, Athavale V, Barton D, Begam K, Behn A, Bellonzi N, Bernard YA, Berquist EJ, Burton HGA, Carreras A, Carter-Fenk K, Chakraborty R, Chien AD, Closser KD, Cofer-Shabica V, Dasgupta S, de Wergifosse M, Deng J, Diedenhofen M, Do H, Ehlert S, Fang PT, Fatehi S, Feng Q, Friedhoff T, Gayvert J, Ge Q, Gidofalvi G, Goldey M, Gomes J, González-Espinoza CE, Gulania S, Gunina AO, Hanson-Heine MWD, Harbach PHP, Hauser A, Herbst MF, Hernández Vera M, Hodecker M, Holden ZC, Houck S, Huang X, Hui K, Huynh BC, Ivanov M, Jász Á, Ji H, Jiang H, Kaduk B, Kähler S, Khistyaev K, Kim J, Kis G, Klunzinger P, Koczor-Benda Z, Koh JH, Kosenkov D, Koulias L, Kowalczyk T, Krauter CM, Kue K, Kunitsa A, Kus T, Ladjánszki I, Landau A, Lawler KV, Lefrancois D, Lehtola S, Li RR, Li YP, Liang J, Liebenthal M, Lin HH, Lin YS, Liu F, Liu KY, Loipersberger M, Luenser A, Manjanath A, Manohar P, Mansoor E, Manzer SF, Mao SP, Marenich AV, Markovich T, Mason S, Maurer SA, McLaughlin PF, Menger MFSJ, Mewes JM, Mewes SA, Morgante P, Mullinax JW, Oosterbaan KJ, Paran G, Paul AC, Paul SK, Pavošević F, Pei Z, Prager S, Proynov EI, Rák Á, Ramos-Cordoba E, Rana B, Rask AE, Rettig A, Richard RM, Rob F, Rossomme E, Scheele T, Scheurer M, Schneider M, Sergueev N, Sharada SM, Skomorowski W, Small DW, Stein CJ, Su YC, Sundstrom EJ, Tao Z, Thirman J, Tornai GJ, Tsuchimochi T, Tubman NM, Veccham SP, Vydrov O, Wenzel J, Witte J, Yamada A, Yao K, Yeganeh S, Yost SR, Zech A, Zhang IY, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zuev D, Aspuru-Guzik A, Bell AT, Besley NA, Bravaya KB, Brooks BR, Casanova D, Chai JD, Coriani S, Cramer CJ, Cserey G, DePrince AE, DiStasio RA, Dreuw A, Dunietz BD, Furlani TR, Goddard WA, Hammes-Schiffer S, Head-Gordon T, Hehre WJ, Hsu CP, Jagau TC, Jung Y, Klamt A, Kong J, Lambrecht DS, Liang W, Mayhall NJ, McCurdy CW, Neaton JB, Ochsenfeld C, Parkhill JA, Peverati R, Rassolov VA, Shao Y, Slipchenko LV, Stauch T, Steele RP, Subotnik JE, Thom AJW, Tkatchenko A, Truhlar DG, Van Voorhis T, Wesolowski TA, Whaley KB, Woodcock HL, Zimmerman PM, Faraji S, Gill PMW, Head-Gordon M, Herbert JM, Krylov AI. Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry: An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:084801. [PMID: 34470363 PMCID: PMC9984241 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchange-correlation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclear-electronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an "open teamware" model and an increasingly modular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Epifanovsky
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | | | | | - Joonho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yuezhi Mao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Pavel Pokhilko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Alec F. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Marc P. Coons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Adrian L. Dempwolff
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhengting Gan
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Diptarka Hait
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Paul R. Horn
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Leif D. Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Jörg Kussmann
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Adrian W. Lange
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Ka Un Lao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Daniel S. Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Simon C. McKenzie
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Kaushik D. Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | | | - Dirk R. Rehn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marta L. Vidal
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Bushra Alam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | | | - Ethan Alguire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Josefine H. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vishikh Athavale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Dennis Barton
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Khadiza Begam
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Andrew Behn
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nicole Bellonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yves A. Bernard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | | | - Hugh G. A. Burton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Abel Carreras
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Kevin Carter-Fenk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - Alan D. Chien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Vale Cofer-Shabica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Saswata Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Marc de Wergifosse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Jia Deng
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Hainam Do
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Ehlert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Po-Tung Fang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Qingguo Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - Triet Friedhoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - James Gayvert
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Qinghui Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Gergely Gidofalvi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USA
| | - Matthew Goldey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Joe Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Sahil Gulania
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Anastasia O. Gunina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | | | - Phillip H. P. Harbach
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Mario Hernández Vera
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Manuel Hodecker
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zachary C. Holden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Shannon Houck
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Xunkun Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kerwin Hui
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bang C. Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maxim Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Ádám Jász
- Stream Novation Ltd., Práter utca 50/a, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hyunjun Ji
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjie Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin Kaduk
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Sven Kähler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Kirill Khistyaev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gergely Kis
- Stream Novation Ltd., Práter utca 50/a, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsuzsanna Koczor-Benda
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Joong Hoon Koh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Dimitri Kosenkov
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Laura Koulias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - Caroline M. Krauter
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Kue
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Alexander Kunitsa
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Thomas Kus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | | | - Arie Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Keith V. Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel Lefrancois
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Run R. Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Yi-Pei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jiashu Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Marcus Liebenthal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Hung-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - You-Sheng Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fenglai Liu
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | | | | | - Arne Luenser
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Aaditya Manjanath
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road Section 2, Nangang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Prashant Manohar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Erum Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sam F. Manzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Shan-Ping Mao
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Thomas Markovich
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Stephen Mason
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A. Maurer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Peter F. McLaughlin
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | | | - Jan-Michael Mewes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie A. Mewes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierpaolo Morgante
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - J. Wayne Mullinax
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander C. Paul
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Suranjan K. Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Fabijan Pavošević
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Zheng Pei
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - Stefan Prager
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emil I. Proynov
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Ádám Rák
- Stream Novation Ltd., Práter utca 50/a, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eloy Ramos-Cordoba
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Bhaskar Rana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Alan E. Rask
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Adam Rettig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Ryan M. Richard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Fazle Rob
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Elliot Rossomme
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Tarek Scheele
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Scheurer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nickolai Sergueev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - Shaama M. Sharada
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Wojciech Skomorowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - David W. Small
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J. Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu-Chuan Su
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Eric J. Sundstrom
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Zhen Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jonathan Thirman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Gábor J. Tornai
- Stream Novation Ltd., Práter utca 50/a, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Takashi Tsuchimochi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Norm M. Tubman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - Oleg Vydrov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jan Wenzel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jon Witte
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Sina Yeganeh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Shane R. Yost
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Alexander Zech
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Igor Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Dmitry Zuev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Alexis T. Bell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ksenia B. Bravaya
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Bernard R. Brooks
- Laboratory of Computational Biophysics, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Coriani
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - A. Eugene DePrince
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Robert A. DiStasio
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barry D. Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - Thomas R. Furlani
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | | | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yousung Jung
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Andreas Klamt
- COSMOlogic GmbH & Co. KG, Imbacher Weg 46, D-51379 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Jing Kong
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Daniel S. Lambrecht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | | | | | - C. William McCurdy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Neaton
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Christian Ochsenfeld
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 7, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - John A. Parkhill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Roberto Peverati
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - Vitaly A. Rassolov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ryan P. Steele
- Department of Chemistry and Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Joseph E. Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Alex J. W. Thom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Troy Van Voorhis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Tomasz A. Wesolowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - K. Birgitta Whaley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H. Lee Woodcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9774AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - John M. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA,Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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17
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Abstract
![]()
The quality of molecular
dynamics simulations strongly depends
on the accuracy of the underlying force fields (FFs) that determine
all intra- and intermolecular interactions of the system. Commonly,
transferable FF parameters are determined based on a representative
set of small molecules. However, such an approach sacrifices accuracy
in favor of generality. In this work, an open-source and automated
toolkit named Q-Force is presented, which augments these transferable
FFs with molecule-specific bonded parameters and atomic charges that
are derived from quantum mechanical (QM) calculations. The molecular
fragmentation procedure allows treatment of large molecules (>200
atoms) with a low computational cost. The generated Q-Force FFs can
be used at the same computational cost as transferable FFs, but with
improved accuracy: We demonstrate this for the vibrational properties
on a set of small molecules and for the potential energy surface on
a complex molecule (186 atoms) with photovoltaic applications. Overall,
the accuracy, user-friendliness, and minimal computational overhead
of the Q-Force protocol make it widely applicable for atomistic molecular
dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Sami
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian F S J Menger
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ria Broer
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco W A Havenith
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-(S3), B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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18
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Wang X, Rathnachalam S, Bijlsma K, Li W, Hoekstra R, Kubin M, Timm M, von Issendorff B, Zamudio-Bayer V, Lau JT, Faraji S, Schlathölter T. Site-selective soft X-ray absorption as a tool to study protonation and electronic structure of gas-phase DNA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11900-11906. [PMID: 33997879 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01014j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The conformation and the electronic structure of gas-phase oligonucleotides depends strongly on the protonation site. 5'-d(FUAG) can either be protonated at the A-N1 or at the G-N7 position. We have stored protonated 5'-d(FUAG) cations in a cryogenic ion trap held at about 20 K. To identify the protonation site and the corresponding electronic structure, we have employed soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the nitrogen K-edge. The obtained spectra were interpreted by comparison to time-dependent density functional theory calculations using a short-range exchange correlation functional. Despite the fact that guanine has a significantly higher proton affinity than adenine, the agreement between experiment and theory is better for the A-N1 protonated system. Furthermore, an inverse site sensitivity is observed in which the yield of the nucleobase fragments that contain the absorption site appears substantially reduced, which could be explained by non-statistical fragmentation processes, localized on the photoabsorbing nucleobase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sivasudhan Rathnachalam
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Klaas Bijlsma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wen Li
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ronnie Hoekstra
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Markus Kubin
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany and Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Schlathölter
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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19
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Rathnachalam S, Menger MFS, Faraji S. Influence of the Environment on Shaping the Absorption of Monomeric Infrared Fluorescent Proteins. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:2231-2240. [PMID: 33626280 PMCID: PMC7957859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Infrared fluorescent proteins (iRFPs) are potential candidates for deep-tissue in vivo imaging. Here, we provide molecular-level insights into the role of the protein environment in the structural stability of the chromophore within the protein binding pocket through the flexible hydrogen-bonding network using molecular dynamics simulation. Furthermore, we present systematic excited-state analysis to characterize the nature of the first two excited states and the role of the environment in shaping the nature of the chromophore's excited states within the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics framework. Our results reveal that the environment red-shifts the absorption of the chromophore by about 0.32 eV compared to the isolated counterpart, and besides the structural stability, the protein environment does not alter the nature of the excited state of the chromophore significantly. Our study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the excited-state processes of iRFPs in a complex environment and provides a design principle for developing iRFPs with desired spectral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasudhan Rathnachalam
- Theoretical Chemistry
Group,
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian F. S.
J. Menger
- Theoretical Chemistry
Group,
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry
Group,
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
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20
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Romeo-Gella F, Corral I, Faraji S. Theoretical investigation of a novel xylene-based light-driven unidirectional molecular motor. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:064111. [PMID: 33588536 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the working mechanism of the first light-driven rotary molecular motors used to control an eight-base-pair DNA hairpin has been investigated. In particular, this linker was reported to have promising photophysical properties under physiological conditions, which motivated our work at the quantum mechanical level. Cis-trans isomerization is triggered by photon absorption at wavelengths ranging 300 nm-400 nm, promoting the rotor to the first excited state, and it is mediated by an energy-accessible conical intersection from which the ground state is reached back. The interconversion between the resulting unstable isomer and its stable form occurs at physiological conditions in the ground state and is thermally activated. Here, we compare three theoretical frameworks, generally used in the quantum description of medium-size chemical systems: Linear-Response Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (LR-TDDFT), Spin-Flip TDDFT (SF-TDDFT), and multistate complete active space second-order perturbation theory on state-averaged complete active space self consistent field wavefunctions (MS-CASPT2//SA-CASSCF). In particular, we show the importance of resorting to a multireference approach to study the rotational cycle of light-driven molecular motors due to the occurrence of geometries described by several configurations. We also assess the accuracy and computational cost of the SF-TDDFT method when compared to MS-CASPT2 and LR-TDDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Romeo-Gella
- Departamento de Química (Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias) and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Corral
- Departamento de Química (Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias) and Institute of Advanced Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Palmisano VF, Gómez-Rodellar C, Pollak H, Cárdenas G, Corry B, Faraji S, Nogueira JJ. Binding of azobenzene and p-diaminoazobenzene to the human voltage-gated sodium channel Na v1.4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3552-3564. [PMID: 33514952 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The activity of voltage-gated ion channels can be controlled by the binding of photoswitches inside their internal cavity and subsequent light irradiation. We investigated the binding of azobenzene and p-diaminoazobenzene to the human Nav1.4 channel in the inactivated state by means of Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics simulations and free-energy computations. Three stable binding pockets were identified for each of the two photoswitches. In all the cases, the binding is controlled by the balance between the favorable hydrophobic interactions of the ligands with the nonpolar residues of the protein and the unfavorable polar solvation energy. In addition, electrostatic interactions between the ligand and the polar aminoacids are also relevant for p-diaminoazobenzene due to the presence of the amino groups on the benzene moieties. These groups participate in hydrogen bonding in the most favorable binding pocket and in long-range electrostatic interactions in the other pockets. The thermodinamically preferred binding sites found for both photoswitches are close to the selectivity filter of the channel. Therefore, it is very likely that the binding of these ligands will induce alterations in the ion conduction through the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito F Palmisano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Aguilar Suarez LE, de Graaf C, Faraji S. Influence of the crystal packing in singlet fission: one step beyond the gas phase approximation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14164-14177. [PMID: 33988190 PMCID: PMC8284770 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF), a multiexciton generation process, has been proposed as an alternative to enhance the performance of solar cells. The gas phase dimer model has shown its utility to study this process, but it does not always cover all the physics and the effect of the surrounding atoms has to be included in such cases. In this contribution, we explore the influence of crystal packing on the electronic couplings, and on the so-called exciton descriptors and electron–hole correlation plots. We have studied three tetracene dimers extracted from the crystal structure, as well as several dimers and trimers of the α and β polymorphs of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). These polymorphs show different SF yields. Our results highlight that the character of the excited states of tetracene depends on both the mutual disposition of molecules and inclusion of the environment. The latter does however not change significantly the interpretation of the SF mechanism in the studied systems. For DPBF, we establish how the excited state analysis is able to pinpoint differences between the polymorphs. We observe strongly bound correlated excitons in the β polymorph which might hinder the formation of the 1TT state and, consequently, explain its low SF yield. Singlet fission (SF), a multiexciton generation process, has been proposed as an alternative to enhance the performance of solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Enrique Aguilar Suarez
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands. and Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, C. Marcel lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain and ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Abstract
The greatest restriction to the theoretical study of the dynamics of photoinduced processes is computationally expensive electronic structure calculations. Machine learning algorithms have the potential to reduce the number of these computations significantly. Here, PySurf is introduced as an innovative code framework, which is specifically designed for rapid prototyping and development tasks for data science applications in computational chemistry. It comes with powerful Plugin and Workflow engines, which allows intuitive customization for individual tasks. Data is automatically stored through the database framework, which enables additional interpolation of properties in previously evaluated regions of the conformational space. To illustrate the potential of the framework, a code for nonadiabatic surface hopping simulations based on the Landau-Zener algorithm is presented here. Deriving gradients from the interpolated potential energy surfaces allows for full-dimensional nonadiabatic surface hopping simulations using only adiabatic energies (energy only). Simulations of a pyrazine model and ab initio-based calculations of the SO2 molecule show that energy-only calculations with PySurf are able to correctly predict the nonadiabatic dynamics of these prototype systems. The results reveal the degree of sophistication, which can be achieved by the database accelerated energy-only surface hopping simulations being competitive to commonly used semiclassical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian F. S.
J. Menger
- Zernike Institute
for Advanced
Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Ehrmaier
- Zernike Institute
for Advanced
Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute
for Advanced
Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Gholamjani Moghaddam K, Giudetti G, Sipma W, Faraji S. Theoretical insights into the effect of size and substitution patterns of azobenzene derivatives on the DNA G-quadruplex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26944-26954. [PMID: 33206064 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04392c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Introducing photoswitches into the DNA G-quadruplex provides excellent opportunities to control folding and unfolding of these assemblies, demonstrating their potential in the development of novel nanodevices with medical and nanotechnology applications. Using a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) scheme, we carried out a series of simulations to identify the effect of the size and substitution patterns of three azobenzene derivatives (AZ1, AZ2 and AZ3) on the excitation energies of the two lowest excited states of the smallest photoswitchable G-quadruplex reported to date. We demonstrated that the size and the substitution pattern do not affect the ultrafast cis-trans photoiomerization mechanism of the azobenzene derivatives significantly, in agreement with the experiment. However, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that while AZ2 and AZ3 G-quadruplexes are structurally stable during the simulations, the AZ1 G-quadruplex undergoes larger structural changes and shows two ground state populations that differ in the azobenzene backbone adopting two different conformations. AZ1, with para-para substitution pattern, provides more flexibility to the whole G-quadruplex structure compared to AZ2 and AZ3, and can thus facilitate the photoisomerization reaction between a nonpolymorphic, stacked, tetramolecular G-quadruplex and an unstructured state after trans-cis isomerization occurring in a longer time dynamics, in agreement with the experimental findings. The QM/MM simulations of the absorption spectra indicated that the thermal fluctuation plays a more crucial role in the main absorption band of the azobenzene derivatives than the inclusion of the G-quadruplex, implying that the influence of the G-quadruplex environment is minimal. We propose that the latter is attributed to the position of the azobenzene linkers in the G-quadruplexes, i.e. the edgewise loops containing the azobenzene moieties that are located above the G-quartets, not being fully embedded inside or involved in the stacked structure. Our theoretical findings provide support to a recent study of the photoresponsive formation of photoswitchable G-quadruplex motifs.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Enrique Aguilar Suarez
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maximilian F. S. J. Menger
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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26
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Salazar E, Faraji S. Theoretical study of cyclohexadiene/hexatriene photochemical interconversion using spin-Flip time-Dependent density functional theory. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1764120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edison Salazar
- Theoretical Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian F. Mulks
- Zernike Insitute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Insitute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Straatsma TP, Broer R, Faraji S, Havenith RWA, Suarez LEA, Kathir RK, Wibowo M, de Graaf C. GronOR: Massively parallel and GPU-accelerated non-orthogonal configuration interaction for large molecular systems. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:064111. [PMID: 32061226 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
GronOR is a program package for non-orthogonal configuration interaction calculations for an electronic wave function built in terms of anti-symmetrized products of multi-configuration molecular fragment wave functions. The two-electron integrals that have to be processed may be expressed in terms of atomic orbitals or in terms of an orbital basis determined from the molecular orbitals of the fragments. The code has been specifically designed for execution on distributed memory massively parallel and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-accelerated computer architectures, using an MPI+OpenACC/OpenMP programming approach. The task-based execution model used in the implementation allows for linear scaling with the number of nodes on the largest pre-exascale architectures available, provides hardware fault resiliency, and enables effective execution on systems with distinct central processing unit-only and GPU-accelerated partitions. The code interfaces with existing multi-configuration electronic structure codes that provide optimized molecular fragment orbitals, configuration interaction coefficients, and the required integrals. Algorithm and implementation details, parallel and accelerated performance benchmarks, and an analysis of the sensitivity of the accuracy of results and computational performance to thresholds used in the calculations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Straatsma
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6373, USA
| | - R Broer
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R W A Havenith
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L E Aguilar Suarez
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R K Kathir
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Wibowo
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C de Graaf
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Golkaram M, Portale G, Mulder P, Maniar D, Faraji S, Loos K. Order–disorder transition in supramolecular polymer combs/brushes with polymeric side chains. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01915d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three groups of supramolecular comb/brush polymers with polymeric side chains are developed, showing different mechanical properties and morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Mulder
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Dina Maniar
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Theoretical Chemistry Group
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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30
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Ryerson JL, Zaykov A, Aguilar Suarez LE, Havenith RWA, Stepp BR, Dron PI, Kaleta J, Akdag A, Teat SJ, Magnera TF, Miller JR, Havlas Z, Broer R, Faraji S, Michl J, Johnson JC. Structure and photophysics of indigoids for singlet fission: Cibalackrot. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:184903. [PMID: 31731849 DOI: 10.1063/1.5121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an investigation of structure and photophysics of thin layers of cibalackrot, a sturdy dye derived from indigo by double annulation at the central double bond. Evaporated layers contain up to three phases, two crystalline and one amorphous. Relative amounts of all three have been determined by a combination of X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflectance spectroscopy. Initially, excited singlet state rapidly produces a high yield of a transient intermediate whose spectral properties are compatible with charge-transfer nature. This intermediate more slowly converts to a significant yield of triplet, which, however, does not exceed 100% and may well be produced by intersystem crossing rather than singlet fission. The yields were determined by transient absorption spectroscopy and corrected for effects of partial sample alignment by a simple generally applicable procedure. Formation of excimers was also observed. In order to obtain guidance for improving molecular packing by a minor structural modification, calculations by a simplified frontier orbital method were used to find all local maxima of singlet fission rate as a function of geometry of a molecular pair. The method was tested at 48 maxima by comparison with the ab initio Frenkel-Davydov exciton model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Ryerson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Alexandr Zaykov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Luis E Aguilar Suarez
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco W A Havenith
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian R Stepp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Paul I Dron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Akin Akdag
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Thomas F Magnera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - John R Miller
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Zdeněk Havlas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ria Broer
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Josef Michl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Justin C Johnson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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31
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Kumar S, Soni S, Danowski W, Leach IF, Faraji S, Feringa BL, Rudolf P, Chiechi RC. Eliminating Fatigue in Surface-Bound Spiropyrans. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2019; 123:25908-25914. [PMID: 31673304 PMCID: PMC6816012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes an experimental approach to eliminating the loss of reversibility that surface-bound spiropyrans exhibit when switched with light. Although such fatigue can be controlled in other contexts, on surfaces, the photochromic compounds are held in close proximity to each other and relatively few molecules modulate the properties of a device, leading to a loss of functionality after only a few switching cycles. The switching process was characterized by photoelectron spectroscopy and differences in tunneling currents in the spiropyran and merocyanine forms using eutectic Ga-In. Self-assembled monolayers comprising only the photochromic compounds degraded rapidly, while mixed monolayers with hexanethiol showed different behaviors depending on the relative humidity. Under dry conditions, no chemical degradation was observed and the switching process was reversible over at least 100 cycles. Under humid conditions, no degradation occurred, but the switching process became irreversible. The absence of degradation observed in mixed monolayers is ascribed to the lack of solvation, which increases the barrier to a key bond rotation past the available thermal energy. These results highlight important differences in the contexts in which photochromic compounds are utilized and demonstrate that they can be leveraged to extract device-relevant functionality from surface-bound switches by suppressing fatigue and irreversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Saurabh Soni
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Danowski
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isaac F. Leach
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Rudolf
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan C. Chiechi
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Golkaram M, Boetje L, Dong J, Suarez LEA, Fodor C, Maniar D, van Ruymbeke E, Faraji S, Portale G, Loos K. Supramolecular Mimic for Bottlebrush Polymers in Bulk. ACS Omega 2019; 4:16481-16492. [PMID: 31616826 PMCID: PMC6787885 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of poly(tetrahydrofuran)s with molecular weights above entanglement molecular weight M e were synthesized, and one of their end-groups was functionalized with a supramolecular entity so that the corresponding polymers form a brushlike structure suitable for comparison with conventional irreversible bottlebrush polymers. To compare their relaxation mechanisms, linear rheology was employed and showed that a hierarchical relaxation, which is usually observed in bottlebrush polymers, occurs in these materials, too. The polymer chain segments close to the supramolecular backbone are highly immobilized due to strong association in the center of polymer brush and cannot relax via reptation mechanism, which is mainly responsible for linear entangled polymer relaxations. Therefore, disentanglement can take much longer through contour length fluctuations and arm retraction processes similar to covalent bottlebrush polymers and combs. The relaxed ends of polymers then act as solvent to let the remaining segments of the polymeric brush undergo Rouse-like motions (constraint release Rouse). At longer times, additional plateau appears, which can be attributed to the relaxation of the entire supramolecular bottlebrush polymer via hopping or reptative motions. With an increase of temperature, viscoelastic solid behavior turns into viscoelastic liquid due to reversible depolymerization of the supramolecular backbone of the bottlebrush polymer. The elastic modulus (G' in the order of kPa) was much less than the values found for the entanglement plateau modulus of linear poly(tetrahydrofuran) (in order of MPa). This low modulus value, which exists up to very low frequencies (high temperatures), makes them a good candidate for supersoft elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Boetje
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingjin Dong
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Enrique Aguilar Suarez
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Csaba Fodor
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dina Maniar
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyne van Ruymbeke
- Bio-
and Soft Matter, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Zernike Institute for
Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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33
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Moghaddam KG, de Vries AH, Marrink SJ, Faraji S. Binding of quinazolinones to c-KIT G-quadruplex; an interplay between hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking. Biophys Chem 2019; 253:106220. [PMID: 31302375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of G-quadruplex structures in the c-KIT promoter with the aid of ligands has become an area of great interest in potential cancer therapeutics. Understanding the binding process between ligands and G-quadruplex is essential for a discovery of selective ligands with high binding affinity to G-quadruplex. In the present work, binding mechanisms of 4-quinazolinones to c-KIT G-quadruplex were investigated theoretically by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To explore the binding affinity of ligands, binding free energy calculations were performed using the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method. We demonstrate that the key interactions in G-quadruplex-ligand complexes are π-π stacking and hydrogen bond interactions. However, neither of these two interactions alone determines the stability of the G-quadruplex-ligand complexes; rather, it is the result of an intricate interplay between the two. To further examine the nature of the binding, a free energy decomposition analysis at residue level was carried out. The results clearly demonstrate the crucial roles of two hot spot residues (DG4 and DG8) for the binding of ligands to c-KIT G-quadruplex, and highlight the importance of the planar aromatic moiety of ligands in G-quadruplex stabilization via π-π stacking interactions. Our study can assist in the design of new derivatives of 4-quinazolinone with high binding affinity for c-KIT G-quadruplex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex H de Vries
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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34
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Aguilar Suarez LE, Kathir R, Siagri E, Havenith RW, Faraji S. Determination of electronic couplings in the singlet fission process using a nonorthogonal configuration interaction approach. State of The Art of Molecular Electronic Structure Computations: Correlation Methods, Basis Sets and More 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Sen R, Dreuw A, Faraji S. Algebraic diagrammatic construction for the polarisation propagator in combination with effective fragment potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3683-3694. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06527f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effective fragment potential (EFP) method for the efficient inclusion of solvation effects is combined with the algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC) scheme for the second- and third-order polarisation propagator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Sen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- Groningen 9747 AG
- The Netherlands
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36
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Faraji S, Matsika S, Krylov AI. Calculations of non-adiabatic couplings within equation-of-motion coupled-cluster framework: Theory, implementation, and validation against multi-reference methods. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:044103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5009433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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37
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Mulks FF, Faraji S, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Hashmi ASK. Highly Strained Organogold Complexes and Their Gold- or Rhodium-Catalyzed Isomerizations. Chemistry 2018; 24:71-76. [PMID: 28976042 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of (NHC)(tricyclo[4.1.0.02,7 ]hept-1-yl)gold(I) compounds is reported. Several of these organometallic compounds could be obtained by transmetalation from the organolithium precursor to the corresponding (NHC)gold(I) chlorides. These are by far the most strained stable organogold compounds reported so far. With these new compounds we were able to efficiently and selectively accomplish the first gold-catalyzed rearrangement of organogold compounds, even better yields were obtained by the first rhodium-catalyzed rearrangement of these organogold species. (E/Z)-Mixtures of (NHC)(cyclohex-2-en-1-ylidenemethyl)gold(I) were obtained, none of the other known rearrangement products of tricycloheptanes. Additional insight into the chemical and physical properties of the strained compounds was obtained by spectroscopic and computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian F Mulks
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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38
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Straatsma TP, Broer R, Faraji S, Havenith RW. GronOR Nonorthogonal Configuration Interaction Calculations at Exascale. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.arcc.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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39
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Faraji S, Dreuw A. Insights into Light-driven DNA Repair by Photolyases: Challenges and Opportunities for Electronic Structure Theory. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:37-50. [PMID: 27925218 DOI: 10.1111/php.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation causes two of the most abundant mutagenic and cytotoxic DNA lesions: cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts. (6-4) Photolyases are light-activated enzymes that selectively bind to DNA and trigger repair of mutagenic 6-4 photoproducts via photoinduced electron transfer from flavin adenine dinucleotide anion (FADH- ) to the lesion triggering repair. This review provides an overview of the sequential steps of the repair process, that is light absorption and resonance energy transfer, photoinduced electron transfer and electron-induced splitting mechanisms, with an emphasis on the role of theory and computation. In addition, theoretical calculations and physical properties that can be used to classify specific mechanism are discussed in an effort to trace the fundamental aspects of each individual step and assist the interpretation of experimental data. The current challenges and suggested future directions are outlined for each step, concluding with a view on the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Faraji S, Zhong D, Dreuw A. Characterization of the Intermediate in and Identification of the Repair Mechanism of (6-4) Photolesions by Photolyases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5175-8. [PMID: 26996356 PMCID: PMC4921128 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations are employed to assign previously recorded experimental spectroscopic signatures of the intermediates occurring during the photo-induced repair of (6-4) photolesions by photolyases to specific molecular structures. Based on this close comparison of experiment and theory it is demonstrated that the acting repair mechanism involves proton transfer from the protonated His365 to the N3' nitrogen of the lesion, which proceeds simultaneously with intramolecular OH transfer along an oxetane-like transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dongping Zhong
- Departments of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Programs of Biophysics, Chemical Physics and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio 43210, USA,
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,
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41
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Faraji S, Zhong D, Dreuw A. Characterization of the Intermediate in and Identification of the Repair Mechanism of (6-
4) Photolesions by Photolyases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing; Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 205A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dongping Zhong
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Programs of Biophysics, Chemical Physics and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing; Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 205A 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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42
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Abstract
Far-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) enable deep-tissue in vivo imaging. Combining FPs with large and small Stokes shifts enables single-excitation/dual-emission multicolor applications. Using a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) scheme, we carried out a series of simulations to identify the origin of an extended Stokes shift (0.2 eV) observed in mPlum, one of the most far-red-shifted FPs. We demonstrated that the red shift of emission is largely due to the excited-state relaxation of the chromophore itself. Rigid protein environment suppresses the relaxation; however, if the hydrogen-bond network around the chromophore is sufficiently flexible, it can rearrange upon electronic excitation, allowing the chromophore to relax. The reorganization of the hydrogen-bond network is driven by changes in bonding and charge distributions of the chromophore in the excited state. The ILE65 and GLU16 residues play the most important role. The MD simulations reveal two ground-state populations with the direct (Chro-ILE65···GLU16) and water-mediated (Chro-ILE65···Wat321···GLU16) hydrogen-bond patterns. In the excited state, both populations relax to a single emitting state with the water-mediated (Chro-ILE65···Wat321···GLU16) hydrogen-bond pattern, which provides a better match for the excited-state charge distribution (the acylimine's oxygen has a larger negative charge in S1 than in S0). The extended Stokes shift arises due to the conversion of the direct hydrogen-bond pattern to the water-mediated one accompanied by large structural relaxation of the electronically excited chromophore. This conclusion is supported by calculations for the GLU16LEU mutant, which has only one hydrogen-bond pattern. Consequently, no interconversion is possible, and the computed Stokes shift is small, in agreement with the experiment. Our theoretical findings provide support to a recent study of the Stokes shifts in mPlum and its mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
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43
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Karbaschi M, Taeibi Rahni M, Javadi A, Cronan C, Schano K, Faraji S, Won J, Ferri J, Krägel J, Miller R. Dynamics of drops – Formation, growth, oscillation, detachment, and coalescence. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 222:413-24. [PMID: 25466690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Single drops or bubbles are frequently used for the characterization of liquid-fluid interfaces. Their advantage is the small volume and the various protocols of their formation. Thus, several important methods are based on single drops and bubbles, such as capillary pressure and profile analysis tensiometry. However, these methods are often applied under dynamic conditions, although their principles are defined under equilibrium conditions. Thus, specific attention has to be paid when these methods are used beyond certain limits. In many cases, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have allowed researchers, to extend these limits and to gain important information on the interfacial dynamics. Examples discussed here are the capillary pressure tensiometry used for short time and profile analysis tensiometry for long time dynamic interfacial tension measurements, the oscillating drop methods for measuring dilational visco-elasticity. For measuring the coalescence of two drops the liquid dynamics of the subsequently formed liquid bridges have to be considered. In this paper, a thorough review of important experimental and computational findings, related to the dynamics of drops, including its formation, growth, oscillation, detachment, and coalescence is presented. Emphasis is however on some selected important developments. In addition, the paper tries to predict the main directions of advancement in interfacial research for the near future.
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44
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Schelkle KM, Becht S, Faraji S, Petzoldt M, Müllen K, Buckup T, Dreuw A, Motzkus M, Hamburger M. Emission Turn-On and Solubility Turn-Off in Conjugated Polymers: One- and Two-Photon-Induced Removal of Fluorescence-Quenching Solubilizing Groups. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 36:31-7. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Korwin M. Schelkle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffy Becht
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Institut für wissenschaftliches Rechnen; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Martin Petzoldt
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Tiago Buckup
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Institut für wissenschaftliches Rechnen; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marcus Motzkus
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Manuel Hamburger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab GmbH; 69115 Heidelberg Germany
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Fletcher K, Dreuw A, Faraji S. Potential energy surfaces and approximate kinetic model for the excited state dynamics of Pigment Yellow 101. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
(6-4)-Photolyases are fascinating enzymes which repair (6-4)-DNA photolesions utilizing light themselves. It is well known that upon initial photo-excitation of an antenna pigment an electron is transferred from an adjacent FADH(-) cofactor to the photolesion initiating repair, i.e. restoration of the original undamaged DNA bases. Concerning the molecular details of this amazing repair mechanism, the early steps of energy transfer and catalytic electron generation are well understood, the terminal repair mechanism, however, is still a matter of ongoing debate. In this perspective article, recent results of quantum chemical investigations are presented, and their meaning for the repair mechanism under natural conditions is outlined. Consequences of natural light conditions, temperature and thermal equilibration are highlighted when issues like the initial protonation state of the relevant histidines and the lesion, or the direction of electron transfer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; ,
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; ,
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Faraji S, Groenhof G, Dreuw A. Combined QM/MM investigation on the light-driven electron-induced repair of the (6-4) thymine dimer catalyzed by DNA photolyase. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10071-9. [PMID: 23915283 DOI: 10.1021/jp401662z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The (6-4) photolyases are blue-light-activated enzymes that selectively bind to DNA and initiate splitting of mutagenic thymine (6-4) thymine photoproducts (T(6-4)T-PP) via photoinduced electron transfer from flavin adenine dinucleotide anion (FADH(-)) to the lesion triggering repair. In the present work, the repair mechanism after the initial electron transfer and the effect of the protein/DNA environment are investigated theoretically by means of hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations using X-ray structure of the enzyme-DNA complex. By comparison of three previously proposed repair mechanisms, we found that the lowest activation free energy is required for the pathway in which the key step governing the repair photocycle is electron transfer coupled with the proton transfer from the protonated histidine, His365, to the N3' nitrogen of the pyrimidone thymine. The transfer simultaneously occurs with concerted intramolecular OH transfer without formation of an oxetane or isolated water molecule intermediate. In contrast to previously suggested mechanisms, this newly identified pathway requires neither a subsequent two-photon process nor electronic excitation of the photolesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Faraji S, Wirz L, Dreuw A. Quantum chemical study of the enzymatic repair of T(6-4)C/C(6-4)T UV-photolesions by DNA photolyases. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2817-24. [PMID: 23821498 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Several strategies have evolved to repair one of the abundant UV radiation-induced damages caused to DNA, namely the mutagenic pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photolesions. DNA (6-4)-photolyases are enzymes repairing these lesions by a photoinitiated electron transfer. An important aspect of a possible repair mechanism is its generality and transferability to different (6-4) lesions. Therefore, previously suggested mechanisms for the repair of the T(6-4)T lesion are here transferred to the T(6-4)C and C(6-4)T lesions and investigated theoretically using quantum chemical methods. Despite the different functional groups of the pyrimidine bases involved, a general valid molecular mechanism was identified, in which the initial step is an electron transfer coupled to a proton transfer from the protonated HIS365 to the N3(') nitrogen of the 3(') pyrimidine, followed by an intramolecular OH/NH2 transfer in one concerted step, which does not require an oxetane/azetidine or isolated water/ammonia intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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50
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Harbach PHP, Schneider M, Faraji S, Dreuw A. Intermolecular Coulombic Decay in Biology: The Initial Electron Detachment from FADH(-) in DNA Photolyases. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:943-949. [PMID: 26291360 DOI: 10.1021/jz400104h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular coulombic decay (ICD) is an efficient mechanism of low-energy electron generation in condensed phases and is discussed as their potential source in living cells, tissues, and materials. The first example of ICD as an operating mechanism in real biological systems, that is, in the DNA repair enzymes photolyases, is presented. Photolyase function involves light-induced electron detachment from a reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH(-)), followed by its transfer to the DNA-lesion triggering repair of covalently bound nucleobase dimers. Modern quantum chemical methods are employed to demonstrate that the transferred electron is efficiently generated via a resonant ICD process between the antenna pigment and the FADH(-) cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp H P Harbach
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shirin Faraji
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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