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Jung BK, Chang T, Ryoo S, Hong S, Lee J, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Khieu V, Huy R, Chai JY. High Prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi Infection in Schoolchildren and Adults, Kandal Province, Cambodia. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:572-576. [PMID: 38407225 PMCID: PMC10902544 DOI: 10.3201/eid3003.240001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A high prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi infection (13.9%; 260/1,876) was found among schoolchildren and adults in Kandal Province, Cambodia, by fecal examination, worm expulsion, and molecular analysis of cox1 and nd1 genes. The source of infection was consumption of Pila sp. snails, a finding confirmed morphologically and molecularly.
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Jung DJS, Kim DH, Beak SH, Cho IG, Hong SJ, Lee J, Lee JO, Kim HJ, Malekkhahi M, Baik M. Effects of vitamin E and selenium administration on transportation stress in pregnant dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:9576-9586. [PMID: 37678766 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of road transportation and administration of the vitamin E and selenium (ESe) on circulating cortisol, haptoglobin, blood metabolites, oxidative biomarkers, white blood cell profiles, and behaviors in pregnant dairy heifers. Forty pregnant Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments: no transportation and no ESe administration, no transportation and ESe administration, transportation and no administration, and transportation and ESe administration. The ESe (70 IU/kg dry matter feed of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate and 0.3 mg/kg dry matter feed of sodium selenite) was orally delivered once a day from 7 d before transportation to 3 d after transportation. The heifers were transported in trucks designed for cattle transportation. Blood was collected 1 h before transportation, immediately after transportation (IAT), and at 6, 24, and 48 h after transportation. Behaviors were recorded using a video camera for 2 consecutive days after transportation. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had greater cortisol at IAT, haptoglobin at 6 and 24 h after transportation, total oxidative status at 6 h after transportation, and nonesterified fatty acid levels, white blood cell numbers, and neutrophil percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation in the blood than nontransported heifers. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had lower total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation and lymphocyte percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation than nontransported heifers. Lying time was shorter in transported heifers than nontransported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had lower cortisol, total oxidative status, nonesterified fatty acid levels at IAT, and haptoglobin concentrations at 6 and 24 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had greater total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. No ESe administration effects were observed for white blood cell number and neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages and lying time. In conclusion, road transportation caused temporary oxidative stress. Administrating ESe partially alleviated the stress, suggesting that ESe administration could be a viable strategy to reduce stress in transported pregnant heifers, providing a novel role of vitamin E and selenium for improving animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J S Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - I G Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J O Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Malekkhahi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - M Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea.
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Ryoo S, Jung BK, Hong S, Shin H, Song H, Kim HS, Ryu JY, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Chai JY. Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses. Parasites Hosts Dis 2023; 61:317-324. [PMID: 37648238 PMCID: PMC10471467 DOI: 10.3347/phd.23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura were found in the feces of schoolchildren in Yangon, Myanmar during epidemiological surveys and mass deworming with albendazole in 2017-2019. The standard-sized eggs were identified as those of T. trichiura, but it was necessary to exclude the possibility of the large-sized eggs belonging to Trichuris vulpis, a dog whipworm. We conducted morphological and molecular studies to determine the species of the 2 types of Trichuris eggs. Individual eggs of both sizes were isolated from Kato-Katz fecal smears (n=20) and mechanically destroyed using a 23G injection needle. Nuclear DNA was extracted, and the 18S rRNA region was sequenced in 15 standard-sized eggs and 15 large-sized eggs. The average size of standard-sized eggs (T. trichiura) was 55.2×26.1 μm (range: 51.7-57.6×21.3-28.0 μm; n=97), whereas the size of large-sized eggs was 69.3×32.0 μm (range: 65.1-76.4×30.1-34.5 μm; n=20), slightly smaller than the known size of T. vulpis. Regarding standard-sized eggs, the 18S rRNA nucleotide sequences exhibited 100% homology with T. trichiura deposited in GenBank and 88.6-90.5% homology with T. vulpis. Regarding large-sized eggs, the nucleotide sequences showed 99.8-100% homology with T. trichiura in GenBank and 89.6-90.7% homology with T. vulpis. Both standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris spp. found in Myanmar schoolchildren during 2017-2019 were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to belong to T. trichiura. The conversion of eggs from smaller to large sizes might be due to anthelmintic treatments with albendazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwan Ryoo
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Sooji Hong
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyejoo Shin
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyemi Song
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyun-Seung Kim
- Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07572,
Korea
| | - Jin-Youp Ryu
- Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07572,
Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012,
Korea
| | - Thi Thi Htoon
- National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon 11191,
Myanmar
| | - Htay Htay Tin
- National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon 11191,
Myanmar
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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Jung BK, Hong S, Chang T, Cho J, Ryoo S, Lee KH, Lee J, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Khieu V, Huy R, Chai JY. High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9654. [PMID: 37316679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36544-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini infection is an emerging disease in Cambodia, especially in central and southeastern areas. However, its status in northern areas bordering Lao PDR has been relatively unknown. The present study was performed to investigate the status of O. viverrini infection among people in Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provinces through fecal examination to detect eggs and recovery of adult flukes from some of the egg-positive cases. Fecal examinations were performed on a total of 1101 people from 10 villages in the 2 provinces using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. For recovery of adult flukes and other helminth parasites 10 volunteers positive for eggs of Opisthorchis viverrini and/or minute intestinal flukes (Ov/MIF), in Kampong Sangkae village, Preah Vihear province, were administered a single oral dose of 40 mg/kg praziquantel plus 5-10 mg/kg of pyrantel pamoate and purged with 40-50 g magnesium salts. Adult trematodes, together with nematodes and cestodes expelled in diarrheic stools were collected under a stereomicroscope or with the naked eye. The proportion of egg-positive cases for overall liver and intestinal helminths was high but not notably different between the 2 provinces, 65.5% in Preah Vihear versus 64.7% in Stung Treng. The average proportion of Ov/MIF egg-positive cases was 59.8%. A total of 315 adult specimens of O. viverrini were recovered from the 10 volunteers (4-98 specimens per individual; mean, 32). A smaller number of Haplorchis taichui adults, an intestinal fluke, were found mixed-infected in 7 (103 specimens in total; 1-31 per individual; mean, 15) of the 10 volunteers. Adult specimens of hookworms, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichostrongylus sp., and a Taenia tapeworm strobila were recovered in some cases. Based on the results, it has been confirmed that the surveyed areas in Preah Vihear and Stung Treng provinces, Cambodia, are highly endemic areas of O. viverrini infection with a low-grade mixed infection with H. taichui.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Kwang Jung
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooji Hong
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Chang
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeeun Cho
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwan Ryoo
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Hoon Lee
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Lee
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Virak Khieu
- National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rekol Huy
- National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul, 07649, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Hong SH, Kwon JY, Lee SO, Lee HI, Hong SJ, Ju JW. Kudoa septempunctata Spores Cause Acute Gastroenteric Symptoms in Mouse and Musk Shrew Models as Evidenced In Vitro in Human Colon Cells. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050739. [PMID: 37242409 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kudoa septempunctata is a myxosporean parasite that infects the trunk muscles of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and has been reported to cause foodborne illnesses in humans. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying K. septempunctata spore toxicity remain largely unknown. In this study, the gastroenteropathy of K. septempunctata was examined in human colon adenocarcinoma cells as well as experimental mice inoculated with spores. We found that K. septempunctata decreased transepithelial resistance and disrupted epithelial tight junctions by deleting ZO-1 in Caco-2 monolayers. Additionally, serotonin (5-HT), an emetic neurotransmitter, was increased in K. septempunctata-inoculated cells. In vivo, K. septempunctata spores induced diarrhea in suckling mice (80% in ddY and 70% in ICR mice), with a minimum provocative dose of 2 × 105 K. septempunctata spores. In house musk shrews, K. septempunctata induced emesis within 1 h and induced serotonin secretion in the intestinal epithelium. In conclusion, K. septempunctata may induce diarrhea and emesis by increasing intestinal permeability and serotonin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Hong
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaenmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kwon
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaenmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ok Lee
- College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Il Lee
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaenmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Ju
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaenmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
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Chu Y, Shi D, Wang N, Ren L, Liu N, Hu F, Meng W, Hong SJ, Bai X. Clonorchis sinensis legumain promotes migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells via regulating tumor-related molecules. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:71. [PMID: 36797792 PMCID: PMC9933405 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchis sinensis infection causes serious pathological changes in the bile duct and is highly correlated with cholangiocarcinoma. The excretory-secretory products (ESP) of C. sinensis play a critical role in the oncogenesis and progression of cholangiocarcinoma, while the components and precise mechanism remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the function of C. sinensis legumain (Cslegumain) in promoting the invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells and the mechanism involved. METHODS The structural and molecular characteristics of Cslegumain were predicted and analyzed using the online program Phyre2. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were performed to test the transcriptional level of Cslegumain and its localization in the adult. Native Cslegumain was detected by western blotting assay. The effects of Cslegumain on the proliferation, invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells were checked using CCK-8 assay, Matrigel transwell assay and scratch wound healing assay. Expression levels of tumor-related molecules regulated by Cslegumain were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting assay. RESULTS Cslegumain showed high similarity with human legumain in the secondary and tertiary structures and displayed higher transcriptional levels in the adult worm than in the metacercariae. Native Cslegumain was detected in a catalytic form and was localized mainly in the intestine of the C. sinensis adult and epithelial cells of the intrahepatic bile duct. After transfection into RBE cells, Cslegumain showed high ability in promoting the invasion and migration but not the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma RBE cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of some molecules including E-cadherin and N-cadherin were downregulated, while the levels of α-actinin 4, β-catenin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that Cslegumain showed very similar structures as those of human legumain and could promote the invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells by regulating some tumor-related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Chu
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Doufei Shi
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Department of Geriatric Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Lebin Ren
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Naiguo Liu
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengai Hu
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Meng
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- grid.254224.70000 0001 0789 9563Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756 Republic of Korea
| | - Xuelian Bai
- Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Pakharukova MY, Lishai EA, Zaparina O, Baginskaya NV, Hong SJ, Sripa B, Mordvinov VA. Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis felineus liver flukes affect mammalian host microbiome in a species-specific manner. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011111. [PMID: 36780567 PMCID: PMC9956601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are epidemiologically significant food-borne trematodes endemic to diverse climatic areas. O. viverrini and C. sinensis are both recognized to be 1A group of biological carcinogens to human, whereas O. felineus is not. The mechanisms of carcinogenesis by the liver flukes are studied fragmentarily, the role of host and parasite microbiome is an unexplored aspect. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Specific pathogen free Mesocricetus auratus hamsters were infected with C. sinensis, O. viverrini and O. felineus. The microbiota of the adult worms, colon feces and bile from the hamsters was investigated using Illumina-based sequencing targeting the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene. The analysis of 43 libraries revealed 18,830,015 sequences, the bacterial super-kingdom, 16 different phyla, 39 classes, 63 orders, 107 families, 187 genera-level phylotypes. O. viverrini, a fluke with the most pronounced carcinogenic potential, has the strongest impact on the host bile microbiome, changing the abundance of 92 features, including Bifidobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, [Paraprevotellaceae], Acetobacteraceae, Coriobacteraceae and Corynebacteriaceae bacterial species. All three infections significantly increased Enterobacteriaceae abundance in host bile, reduced the level of commensal bacteria in the gut microbiome (Parabacteroides, Roseburia, and AF12). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE O. felineus, O. viverrini, and C. sinensis infections cause both general and species-specific qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of microbiota of bile and colon feces of experimental animals infected with these trematodes. The alterations primarily concern the abundance of individual features and the phylogenetic diversity of microbiomes of infected hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Y. Pakharukova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Ekaterina A. Lishai
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oxana Zaparina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina V. Baginskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Park SJ, Kim H, Piao M, Kang HJ, Fassah DM, Jung DJS, Kim SY, Na SW, Beak SH, Jeong IH, Yoo SP, Hong SJ, Lee DH, Lee SH, Haque MN, Shin DJ, Kwon JA, Jo C, Baik M. Effects of genomic estimated breeding value and dietary energy to protein ratio on growth performance, carcass trait, and lipogenic gene expression in Hanwoo steer. Animal 2023; 17:100728. [PMID: 36870258 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
"Genome-based precision feeding" is a concept that involves the application of customised diets to different genetic groups of cattle. We investigated the effects of the genomic estimated breeding value (gEBV) and dietary energy to protein ratio (DEP) on growth performance, carcass traits, and lipogenic gene expression in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers. Forty-four Hanwoo steers (BW = 636 kg, age = 26.9 months) were genotyped using the Illumina Bovine 50 K BeadChip. The gEBV was calculated using genomic best linear unbiased prediction. Animals were separated into high gEBV of marbling score or low-gMS groups based on the upper and lower 50% groupings of the reference population, respectively. Animals were assigned to one of four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: high gMS/high DEP (0.084 MJ/g), high gMS/low DEP (0.079 MJ/g), low gMS/high DEP, and low gMS/low DEP. Steers were fed concentrate with a high or low DEP for 31 weeks. The BW tended to be higher (0.05 < P < 0.1) in the high-gMS groups compared to the low-gMS groups at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 20 weeks. The average daily gain (ADG) tended to be lower (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Final BW and measured carcass weight (CW) were positively correlated with the gEBV of carcass weight (gCW). The DEP did not affect ADG. Neither the gMS nor the DEP affected the MS and beef quality grade. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) tended to be higher (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS groups than in the low-gMS groups. The mRNA levels of lipogenic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid binding protein 4 genes in the LT were higher (P < 0.05) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Overall, the IMF content tended to be affected by the gMS, and the genetic potential (i.e., gMS) was associated with the functional activity of lipogenic gene expression. The gCW was associated with the measured BW and CW. The results demonstrated that the gMS and the gCW may be used as early prediction indexes for meat quality and growth potential of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Piao
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D M Fassah
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D J S Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Na
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S P Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - M N Haque
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D-J Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J A Kwon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - C Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - M Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Cho I, Cha MJ, Kim WD, Hong SJ, Hong GR. Nationwide trends of gatekeeper to invasive coronary angiography in suspected coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background and Objectives
Real-world trends in the utility and type of gatekeeping studies in invasive coronary angiography (ICA) requires further investigation.
Methods
We identified outpatients who underwent noninvasive cardiac tests or directly ICA for suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) from the nationwide Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample database between 2012 and 2018.
Results
Among 71,401 patients, the percentage of patients who were evaluated for suspected CAD was 34.7% for treadmill test (TMT), 4.2% for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), 24.2% for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), 1.6% for multiple gatekeepers, and 32.3% for directly ICA without noninvasive studies (Figure 1). The proportion of CCTA as a gatekeeper showed linear increase, (18.6% in 2012 and 28.8% in 2018; p < 0.001), while those of TMT, SPECT, and direct ICA have decreased (p < 0.001, p = 0.03, and p < 0.001, respectively). The overall incidence of downstream ICA after gatekeeper was 13.8% (6,662/48,346), and SPECT showed higher ICA rate in pairwise comparison with TMT and CCTA (p < 0.001). Patients who performed gatekeepers before ICA showed higher rate of subsequent PCI (34.7% vs. 32.3%; p < 0.001) and CABG (3.5% vs. 1.0%; p < 0.001), compared to those who directly underwent ICA, and CCTA was associated with higher revascularization rate after ICA in pairwise comparison with TMT and SPECT (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Nationwide database demonstrated that CCTA is utilized increasingly as a gatekeeper for ICA and is associated with high revascularization rate after ICA in outpatients with suspected CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Cho
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M J Cha
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Radiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - W D Kim
- Chung Ang University, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G R Hong
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Bahk YY, Lee SB, Kim JB, Kim TS, Hong SJ, Kim DM, Lee S. Elevated plasma α1-antichymotrypsin is a biomarker candidate for malaria patients. BMB Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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11
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Bahk YY, Lee SB, Kim JB, Kim TS, Hong SJ, Kim DM, Lee S. Elevated plasma α1-antichymotrypsin is a biomarker candidate for malaria patients. BMB Rep 2022; 55:571-576. [PMID: 36195566 PMCID: PMC9712706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided opportunities to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against various diseases. About half of the world's population remains at risk of malaria. Caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, malaria is one of the oldest and largest risk factors responsible for the global burden of infectious diseases with an estimated 3.2 billion persons at risk of infection. For epidemiological surveillance and appropriate treatment of individuals infected with Plasmodium spp., timely detection is critical. In this study, we used combinations of depletion of abundant plasma proteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis, LC-MS/MS and western blot analysis on the plasma of healthy donors (100 individuals) and vivax and falciparum malaria patients (100 vivax malaria patients and 8 falciparum malaria patients). These analyses revealed that α1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) protein levels were elevated in vivax malaria patient plasma samples (mean fold-change ± standard error: 2.83 ± 0.11, based on band intensities), but not in plasma from patients with other mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The results of AACT immunoblot analyses showed that AACT protein was significantly elevated in vivax and falciparum malaria patient plasma samples (≥ 2-fold) compared to healthy control donor plasma samples, which has not been previously reported. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 571-576].
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Incheon 22212, Korea,Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-43-840-3903; Fax: +82-43-852-3616; E-mail: &
| | - Sang Bong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jong Bo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Dong Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Sungkeun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
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12
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Lee B, Kim BG, Baraki TG, Kim JS, Lee YJ, Lee SJ, Hong SJ, Ahn CM, Shin DH, Kim BK, Ko YG, Choi DH, Honh MK, Jang YS. Stent expansion evaluated by optical coherence tomography and subsequent outcomes. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Regarding stent expansion indexes, previous optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies have shown minimal stent area (MSA) to be most predictive of adverse events.
Purpose
We sought to evaluate the impact of various stent expansion indexes by post-stent OCT on long-term clinical outcomes, and hence to find OCT-defined optimal stent expansion criteria.
Methods
Of the patients registered in the Yonsei OCT registry, a total of 1071 patients with 1123 native coronary artery lesions treated with new-generation drug-eluting stents under the OCT guidance and analyzable final post-stent OCT were included. Stent expansion indexes and different suboptimal stent expansion criteria were evaluated for their association with device-oriented clinical endpoints (DoCE) including cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction (TVMI) or stent thrombosis, and target lesion revascularization. Major safety events (MSE) included cardiac death, TVMI or stent thrombosis.
Results
The median follow-up period was 40.6 (interquartile range 22.0–50.0) months. As a continuous variable, MSA, adaptive volumetric stent expansion (stent volume/adaptive reference lumen volume) and overall volumetric stent expansion (stent volume/post-stent lumen volume) were significantly predictive of DoCE. As a categorical criteria, MSA <5.0 mm2 (hazard ratio [HR] 3.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53–9.45), MSA/distal reference lumen area <90% (HR 2.13; 95% CI 1.10–4.14), and overall volumetric stent expansion ≥96.6% (HR 2.38; 95% CI 1.09–5.22) were independently associated with DoCE after adjusting for confounders, and a total malapposition volume ≥7.0 mm3 (HR 3.38; 95% CI 1.05–10.93) was linked to MSE.
Conclusions
This OCT study highlights that sufficient stent expansion to achieve adequate absolute MSA and relative MSA by distal reference lumen area and alleviate significant malapposition is important to improve clinical outcome, but overall stent overexpansion may have deleterious effect.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - B G Kim
- Sanggye Paik Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T G Baraki
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Lee
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C M Ahn
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D H Shin
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - B K Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y G Ko
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D H Choi
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M K Honh
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y S Jang
- Cha Bundang Medical Center, cardiology , Seongnam , Korea (Republic of)
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Kim JH, Franchin L, Hong SJ, Cha JJ, Lim S, Joo HJ, Park JH, Yu CW, Ahn TH, Lim DS, Dascenzo F. The long-term cardiac events after coronary bifurcation stenting with second-generation drug-eluting stents in elderly patients are comparable to those of younger patients. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) generally have a high risk of adverse clinical outcomes. We investigated the long-term clinical impact of PCI on coronary bifurcation disease in elderly patients in Korea and Italy.
Methods
From the BIFURCAT (comBined Insights from the Unified RAIN and COBIS bifurcAtion regisTries) data, we evaluated 5,537 patients who underwent PCI for coronary bifurcation disease. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as the composite of target vessel myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularisation, and stent thrombosis. Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) and younger patients (aged <75 years).
Results
A total of 1,415 patients (26%) were aged ≥75 years. Elderly patients were more frequently female, had higher rates of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and presented more frequently with left main (LM) disease. After a median follow-up of 2.1 years, MACEs were comparable between elderly and younger patients. In multivariable analysis, old age was not an independent predictor of MACEs (p=0.977). In elderly patients, CKD and LM disease were independent predictors of MACEs, whereas in younger patients, hypertension, diabetes, CKD, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, LM disease, and two-stent strategy usage were independent predictors.
Conclusions
Elderly patients who underwent coronary bifurcation PCI with second-generation drug-eluting stents demonstrated similar clinical outcomes to those of younger patients. Both CKD and LM disease were independent predictors of MACEs, regardless of age after coronary bifurcation PCI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - L Franchin
- University of Turin, Cardiovascular and Thoracic , Turin , Italy
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Ahn
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - F Dascenzo
- University of Turin, Cardiovascular and Thoracic , Turin , Italy
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14
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Lim S, Yu CW, Kim JH, Cha JJ, Kook HD, Joo HJ, Park JH, Choi CU, Hong SJ, Lim DS. The differential effects of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure: nebivolol versus telmisartan (ATD-CBP). Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Central blood pressure and central pulse pressure have a better correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those of peripheral measurement. In a previous study, a second-generation beta-blocker showed poor CBP-lowering effects. However, the effect on CBP by third-generation beta-blockers is not fully elucidated. Thus, this randomised study investigated whether nebivolol-based hypertension treatment may confer advantages over telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor-blocker, in reducing CBP.
Methods
This was a prospective, randomised, multicentre, open-label, controlled trial that evaluated 98 hypertensive patients. Patients received either nebivolol- (N=49) or telmisartan-based (N=49) treatment for hypertension for 12 weeks with a target BP of ≤140/80. The primary outcome was the difference in change from baseline central systolic BP (cSBP) after 12 weeks.
Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline central and peripheral SBP. The mean change in cSBP from baseline (ΔcSBP) was −17.2±3 mmHg for nebivolol group (P<0.001) and −29.9±3 mmHg for telmisartan group (P<0.001). The difference in ΔcSBP between the two groups was significant (12.7mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.13 to 21.2; P=0.004). Peripheral SBP (pSBP) decreased less in nebivolol group compared to telmisartan group (−18.0±3 in nebivolol group vs. −26.3±3 in telmisartan group, P=0.032). After adjusting for reduction in pSBP, reduction in cSBP was higher in telmisartan group compared to nebivolol group, as shown by the ratio of changes in cSBP and pSBP (ΔcSBP/ΔpSBP; 0.67 for nebivolol group vs. 1.11 for telmisartan group, P=0.080), albeit without statistical significance.
Conclusions
Nebivolol-based hypertension treatment may have less potent CBP-lowering effects compared to telmisartan. However, larger-scale studies are warranted to further elaborate our findings.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H D Kook
- Hanyang university medical center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C U Choi
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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Bae SA, Cha JJ, Kim SW, Lim S, Kim JH, Joo HJ, Park JH, Park SM, Hong SJ, Yu CW, Lim DS, Jeong MH, Ahn TH. Effect of an early invasive strategy based on time of symptom onset in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A limitation of the current guidelines of the timing of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndrome is based on randomization time. So far, no study has reported the clinical outcomes of invasive strategy timing based on the time of symptom onset. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of invasive strategy timing from the time of symptom onset on the 3-year clinical outcomes of patients with NSTE myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods and results
Among 13,104 patients from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health, we evaluated 5,856 patients with NSTEMI. The patients were categorized according to symptom-to-catheter (StC) time (<48 h and ≥48 h). The primary outcome was 3-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was a 3-year composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent MI, and hospitalization for heart failure. Overall, 3,919 (66.9%) patients were classified into the StC time <48 h group. This group had lower all-cause mortality than the StC time ≥48 h group (7.3% vs. 13.4%, p<0.001). The continuous association of StC time and risk of primary and secondary endpoints showed shorter StC time (reference: 48 h), and lower adjusted hazard ratio reduction was observed. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of delayed ICA were older age, non-specific symptoms, no use of emergency medical services, no ST-segment deviation, chronic kidney disease, and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score >140.
Conclusion
Early invasive strategy based on the StC time improves all-cause mortality in patients with NSTEMI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bae
- Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Yongin , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S M Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Jeong
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Gwangju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Ahn
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
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Qiu YY, Chang QC, Gao JF, Bao MJ, Luo HT, Song JH, Hong SJ, Mao RF, Sun YY, Chen YY, Liu MY, Wang CR, Liu XL. Multiple biochemical indices and metabolomics of Clonorchis sinensis provide a novel interpretation of biomarkers. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:172. [PMID: 35590378 PMCID: PMC9118806 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clonorchiasis, an infectious disease caused by the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis, may lead to the development of liver and gallbladder diseases, and even cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the pathogenesis, host-pathogen interaction, and diagnostic markers for clonorchiasis remain unclear. Methods Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n = 9) and C. sinensis-infected group (n = 9), and their plasma samples were collected at 7, 14, 28, and 63 days post-infection (dpi). Biochemical indices and metabolites in different infection periods were detected. A non-targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach was employed to investigate the metabolic profiles of plasma in rabbits, and related metabolic pathways of differential metabolites and correlation between candidate biochemical indices and differential metabolites were analyzed. Finally, the candidate biomarkers were verified with human samples using a targeted metabolomics method. Results The result of biochemical indices indicated C. sinensis infection would affect the liver function biochemical indices, especially alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase (AST), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bile acid, high-density lipoprotein, and cholinesterase. The metabonomic results showed that 58, 212, 23, and 21 differential metabolites were identified in different phases of the infection. Multivariate statistical analysis of differential metabolites revealed distinct metabolic signatures during different phases of infection, with most of these signatures being observed at 14 dpi, which mainly influences the amino acid metabolisms. For metabolites and biochemical indices, AST, GGT, hypoxanthine, l-pipecolic acid, and d-glucuronate represented potential noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of C. sinensis (P < 0.05 and AUC > 0.8). Furthermore, GGT and d-glucuronate levels were positively correlated with the infection (r(28) = 0.98, P < 0.0001) and showed excellent diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.972; 95% confidence interval, 0.921 to 1.000). Conclusions The present results provide new insights into plasma metabolic changes in rabbits during C. sinensis infection, and the potential biomarker may be used for developing an effective method to diagnose clonorchiasis in the future. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05290-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yuan Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qiao-Cheng Chang
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Jia Bao
- Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiamusi, 154000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Tao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qiqihar Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qiqihar, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui-Feng Mao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yun-Yi Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Yu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chun-Ren Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China.
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Brattig N, Sripa B, Leonardo LR, Hong SJ. Tribute to Dr. Akira Ito, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan 8. March 1947 - 9. September 2021. Acta Trop 2022. [PMID: 35182909 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Sripa B, Leonardo L, Hong SJ, Ito A, Brattig NW. Status and perspective of asian neglected tropical diseases. Acta Trop 2022; 225:106212. [PMID: 34687645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kim YH, Ahn HJ, Kim D, Hong SJ, Kim TS, Nam HW. Recent Spatial and Temporal Trends of Malaria in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:585-593. [PMID: 34974665 PMCID: PMC8721308 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was done to provide an analytical overview on the latest malaria infection clusters by evaluating temporal trends during 2010–2019 in Korea. Incheon was the most likely cluster (MLC) for all cases of malaria during the total period. MLCs for P. falciparum, vivax, malariae, ovale, and clinically diagnosed malaria without parasitological confirmation were Jeollanam-do, Incheon, Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, and Jeollabuk-do, respectively. Malaria was decreasing in most significant clusters, but Gwangju showed an increase for all cases of malaria, P. vivax and clinically diagnosed cases. Malaria overall, P. falciparum and P. vivax seem to be under control thanks to aggressive health measures. This study might provide a sound scientific basis for future control measures against malaria in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Dongjae Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012,
Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012,
Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
- Corresponding author ()
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20
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Hong S, Jung BK, Song H, Cho J, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Ryu JY, Kim HS, Jeong MH, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Chai JY. Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:607-613. [PMID: 34974667 PMCID: PMC8721305 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are still a considerable challenge in Myanmar. We undertook a control program for STH infections (especially Trichuris trichiura) among schoolchildren in Myanmar using mass drug administration (MDA) and health education. Around 1,700 schoolchildren from 15 primary schools in 3 suburban districts (Shwe Pyi Thar, Twantay, and Kyauktan) of the Yangon Region were subjected in this study during 2017-2019. All of the schoolchildren in each school were orally administered albendazole (400 mg in a single dose) 2, 3, and 4 times a year in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The results revealed that the egg positive rate of any intestinal helminths (including STH) was reduced from 37.6% (649/1,724) in 2017 to 22.8% (352/1,542) in 2019. The egg positive rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was decreased remarkably from 23.3% (402/1,724) in 2017 to 3.6% (56/1,542) in 2019. However, that of T. trichiura was only slightly reduced from 26.9% (464/1,724) in 2017 to 20.2% (312/1,542) in 2019. The intensity of infection with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was both more or less reduced, and the proportion of light infection cases with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura increased from 35.6% in 2017 to 64.3% in 2019 and from 70.3% in 2017 to 81.7% in 2019, respectively. The results indicated that repeated MDAs (2-4 times a year for 3 years) using albendazole on schoolchildren in Myanmar failed to control T. trichiura infection. For a successful control of trichuriasis in Myanmar, new MDA strategies, using a modified albendazole regimen (multiple daily doses for 2 or 3 days) or an alternative anthelmintic drug, such as oxantel pamoate, is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooji Hong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyemi Song
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Jaeeun Cho
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon University, Incheon 22012,
Korea
| | - Jin-Youp Ryu
- Bureau of Health Examination and Management, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyun-Seung Kim
- Bureau of Health Examination and Management, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Mun-Hyoo Jeong
- Bureau of Health Examination and Management, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | | | | | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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21
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Sohn WM, Choi SH, Jung BK, Hong S, Ryoo S, Chang T, Lee KH, Na BK, Hong SJ, Khieu V, Chai JY. Prevalence and Intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercarial Infection in Fish from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces, Cambodia. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:531-536. [PMID: 34724775 PMCID: PMC8561056 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence and intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OvMc) were investigated in fish from 3 southern administrative regions along the Mekong River in Cambodia, i.e., Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces from 2017 to 2020. A total of 295 freshwater fish (24 species) were transported to our laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. In Phnom Penh, among 4 fish species positive for OvMc, 9 (23.7%) of 38 specimens examined were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 4.3 metacercariae per infected fish. In Takeo Province, among 10 fish species positive for OvMc, 24 (38.1%) out of 63 fish examined were infected, and their intensity of infection was av. 14.4 metacercariae per infected fish. In particular, all of 3 Osteochilus schlegelii fish examined were infected, and their infection intensity was high, 34.7 metacercariae per fish. In Kandal Province, among 6 fish species positive for OvMc, 46 (90.2%) out of 51 specimens examined were infected, and their infection intensity was 24.0 metacercaraie per infected fish. All fish of Systomus orphoides (n=17), Barbonymus altus (n=14), and Rasbora aurotaenia (n=2) were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 37.7, 21.6, and 18.5 metacercariae per fish, respectively. Metacercariae of Haplochis yokogawai, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus were detected in fish from Takeo and Kandal Provinces. From these results, it has been confirmed that a variety of fish species from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces are commonly infected with OvMc, and preventive measures to avoid human O. viverrini infection should be performed in Cambodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Society of Korean Naturalist, Institute of Ecology and Conservation, Yangpyeong 12563, Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Sooji Hong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Seungwan Ryoo
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Taehee Chang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Keon Hoon Lee
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Virak Khieu
- National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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22
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Park KM, Kim SD, Park JB, Hong SJ, Ryu PD. Electrophysiological Properties of Ion Channels in Ascaris suum Tissue Incorporated into Planar Lipid Bilayers. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:329-339. [PMID: 34470084 PMCID: PMC8413856 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are important targets of anthelmintic agents. In this study, we identified 3 types of ion channels in Ascaris suum tissue incorporated into planar lipid bilayers using an electrophysiological technique. The most frequent channel was a large-conductance cation channel (209 pS), which accounted for 64.5% of channels incorporated (n=60). Its open-state probability (Po) was ~0.3 in the voltage range of −60~+60 mV. A substate was observed at 55% of the main-state. The permeability ratio of Cl− to K+ (PCl/PK) was ~0.5 and PNa/PK was 0.81 in both states. Another type of cation channel was recorded in 7.5% of channels incorporated (n=7) and discriminated from the large-conductance cation channel by its smaller conductance (55.3 pS). Its Po was low at all voltages tested (~0.1). The third type was an anion channel recorded in 27.9% of channels incorporated (n=26). Its conductance was 39.0 pS and PCl/PK was 8.6±0.8. Po was ~1.0 at all tested potentials. In summary, we identified 2 types of cation and 1 type of anion channels in Ascaris suum. Gating of these channels did not much vary with voltage and their ionic selectivity is rather low. Their molecular nature, functions, and potentials as anthelmintic drug targets remain to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Sun-Don Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,ChemOn Inc., Yongin 17162, Korea
| | - Jin Bong Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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23
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Yu J, Kim W, Chang YK, Kim TS, Hong SJ, Ahn HJ, Nam HW, Kim D. Clusters of Toxoplasmosis in Ganghwa-gun, Cheorwon-gun, and Goseong-gun, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:251-256. [PMID: 34218596 PMCID: PMC8255494 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We find out the clusters with high toxoplasmosis risk to discuss the geographical pattern in Gyodong-myeon and Samsan-myeon of Ganghwa-gun, Cheorwon-gun, and Goseong-gun, Korea. Seroepidemiological data of toxoplasmosis surveyed using rapid diagnostic tests for the residents in the areas in 2019 were analyzed to detect clusters of the infection. The cluster was investigated using the SaTScan program which is based on Kulldorff's scan statistic. The clusters were found with P-values in each region analyzed in the program, and the risk and patient incidence of specific areas can be examined by the values such as relative risk and log likelihood ratio. Jiseok-ri and Insa-ri were found to be a cluster in Gyodong-myeon and Seokmo-ri was the cluster in Samsan-myeon. Yangji-ri and Igil-ri were found to be a cluster in Cheorwon-gun and Madal-ri and Baebong-ri were the cluster in Goseong-gun. This findings can be used to monitor and prevent toxoplasmosis infections occurring in vulnerable areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Yu
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Chang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22333, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Dongjae Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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24
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Kim SK, Park MW, Min C, Park IS, Park B, Byun SH, Choi HG, Hong SJ. Increased risk of chronic otitis media in chronic rhinosinusitis patients: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort. Rhinology 2021; 59:292-300. [PMID: 33315021 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic otitis media (COM) share pathophysiological mechanisms such as bacterial infection, biofilm, and persistence of the obstruction state of ventilation routes. However, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between these two diseases nationwide and in the general population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of COM in patients with CRS differed from that of a matched control from the national health screening cohort. METHODS Data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Samples were collected from 2002 to 2015. Participants who were treated ≥ ≥ ≥2 times and underwent head and neck computed tomography evaluation were selected. A 1:4 matched CRS group (n=8,057) and a control group (n=32,228) were selected. The control group included participants who were never treated with the ICD-10 code J32 from 2002 to 2015. The CRS group included CRS patients with/without nasal polyps. RESULTS The incidence of COM was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. In a subgroup analysis, the incidence of COM in all age groups and in men and women was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. More, CRS increased the risk of COM. CONCLUSIONS A significant association was observed between CRS and COM. This indicates that CRS patients have a high risk of developing COM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- epartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
| | - M-W Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea; Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-S Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - S-H Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - H G Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
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25
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Chai JY, Jung BK, Hong SJ. Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:189-225. [PMID: 34218593 PMCID: PMC8255490 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974,
Korea
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26
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Jeong JH, Yi J, Hwang MK, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Kim TS, Pak JH. The Overactivation of NADPH Oxidase during Clonorchis sinensis Infection and the Exposure to N-Nitroso Compounds Promote Periductal Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060869. [PMID: 34071467 PMCID: PMC8227395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis, a high-risk pathogenic human liver fluke, provokes various hepatobiliary complications, including epithelial hyperplasia, inflammation, periductal fibrosis, and even cholangiocarcinogenesis via direct contact with worms and their excretory-secretory products (ESPs). These pathological changes are strongly associated with persistent increases in free radical accumulation, leading to oxidative stress-mediated lesions. The present study investigated C. sinensis infection- and/or carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-associated fibrosis in cell culture and animal models. The treatment of human cholangiocytes (H69 cells) with ESPs or/and NDMA increased reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation via the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX), resulting in augmented expression of fibrosis-related proteins. These increased expressions were markedly attenuated by preincubation with a NOX inhibitor (diphenyleneiodonium chloride) or an antioxidant (N-acetylcysteine), indicating the involvement of excessive NOX-dependent ROS formation in periductal fibrosis. The immunoreactive NOX subunits, p47phox and p67phox, were observed in the livers of mice infected with C. sinensis and both infection plus NDMA, concomitant with collagen deposition and immunoreactive fibronectin elevation. Staining intensities are proportional to lesion severity and infection duration or/and NDMA administration. Thus, excessive ROS formation via NOX overactivation is a detrimental factor for fibrogenesis during liver fluke infection and exposure to N-nitroso compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junyeong Yi
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Myung Ki Hwang
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea; (M.K.H.); (T.-S.K.)
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuksuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju 52727, Korea;
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea; (M.K.H.); (T.-S.K.)
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Jung J, Lee J, Chang YK, Ahn SK, Park SH, Hong SJ, Lee J, Chong CK, Ahn HJ, Nam HW, Kim TS, Kim D. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii assayed using Rapid Diagnostic Tests among Residents in Three Counties Adjacent to The Demilitarized Zone, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 59:9-14. [PMID: 33684982 PMCID: PMC7939962 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence have been rapidly increasing in some parts of Korea. We analyzed prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), in the sera of 552 residents in Ganghwa-gun, 661 ones in Cheorwon-gun, and 305 ones in Goseong-gun, Korea in 2019. IgG/IgM RDT mounted with recombinant fragment of major surface antigen (SAG1), glutathione-S-transferase-linker-SAG1A, were applied to the sera. IgG seroprevalence was 28.1% in Ganghwa-gun, 19.5% in Cheorwon-gun and 35.7% in Goseong-gun. Odds ratios comparing Cheorwon vs Ganghwa was 0.63 (P=0.001) and Goesong versus Ganghwa was 1.47 (P=0.01) adjusting age and sex. Goseong had highest seroprevalence among the 3 counties both in crude rates and logistic regression. Although Cheorwon and Goseong are adjacent to the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in Korea, seroprevalence rate was much higher in Goseong. Further investigation on other DMZ-closed areas is necessary whether they have high prevalence rates compared to the other areas. T. gondii prevalence in Korea is still persists; proper health policy should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehi Jung
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Chang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Ahn
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Seo Hye Park
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | | | | | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Dongjae Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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Lee YJ, Kim MJ, Jo S, Jin SH, Park PR, Park K, Song HC, Kim J, Kim JY, Shim SC, Kim TH, Hong SJ, Kang H, Kim TJ, Won EJ. Clonorchis sinensis-Derived Protein Attenuates Inflammation and New Bone Formation in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:615369. [PMID: 33717104 PMCID: PMC7947613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.615369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminth infections and their components have been shown to have the potential to modulate and attenuate immune responses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of Clonorchis sinensis-derived protein (CSp) on ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Cytotoxicity of CSp at different doses was assessed by MTS and flow cytometry before performing experiments. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) were obtained from AS patients. Inflammatory cytokine-producing cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. The levels of INF- γ , IL-17A, TNF-α, and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SKG mice were treated with CSp or vehicles. Inflammation and new bone formation were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, positron emission tomography (PET), and micro-computed tomography (CT). Treatment with CSp resulted in no reduced cell viability of PBMCs or SFMCs until 24 h. In experiments culturing PBMCs and SFMCs, the frequencies of IFN- γ and IL-17A producing cells were significantly reduced after CSp treatment. In the SKG mouse model, CSp treatment significantly suppressed arthritis, enthesitis, and enteritis. Micro-CT analysis of hind paw revealed reduced new bone formation in CSp-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice. We provide the first evidence demonstrating that CSp can ameliorate clinical signs and cytokine derangements in AS. In addition, such CSp treatment could reduce the new bone formation of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jeong Lee
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Moon-Ju Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sungsin Jo
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Pu-Reum Park
- Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kijeong Park
- Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ho-Chun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jahae Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Daejeon Rheumatoid & Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Daejeon Rheumatoid & Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyundeok Kang
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Won
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Bae KE, Chang YK, Kim TS, Hong SJ, Ahn HJ, Nam HW, Kim D. Cluster of Parasite Infections by the Spatial Scan Analysis in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2021; 58:603-608. [PMID: 33412763 PMCID: PMC7806438 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to find out the clusters with high parasite infection risk to discuss the geographical pattern. Clusters were detected using SatScan software, which is a statistical spatial scan program using Kulldorff’s scan statistic. Information on the parasitic infection cases in Korea 2011–2019 were collected from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clusters of Ascaris lumbricoides infection were detected in Jeollabuk-do, and T. trichiura in Ulsan, Busan, and Gyeongsangnam-do. C. sinensis clusters were detected in Ulsan, Daegu, Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do, and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Clusters of intestinal trematodes were detected in Ulsan, Busan, and Gyeongsangnam-do. P. westermani cluster was found in Jeollabuk-do. E. vermicularis clusters were distributed in Gangwon-do, Jeju-do, Daegu, Daejeon, and Gwangju. This clustering information can be referred for surveillance and control on the parasitic infection outbreak in the infection-prone areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Eun Bae
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Chang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22333, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Dongjae Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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Chai JY, Jung BK, Lee KH, Ryu JY, Kim HS, Hong SJ, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Na BK, Sohn WM. Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:701-707. [PMID: 33412776 PMCID: PMC7806426 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic helminth larvae in fish from a local market of North Dagon District in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 486 fish in 13 species were collected 8 times from December 2015 to December 2019. All fish were transported under ice to a laboratory in Korea and examined for helminth larvae using artificial digestion method. Larval gnathostomes and metacercariae of more than 8 zoonotic trematode species, i.e., Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp., were detected. Larval gnathostomes were found in 58 (16.0%) out of 362 fish of 6 species, with mean intensity of 2.8 per fish infected. Metacercariae of O. viverrini were detected in 10 (2.9%) out of 349 fish of 5 species, with mean intensity of 16.9 per fish infected. Metacercarial prevalences of 4 intestinal flukes, H. taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, and Centrocestus spp., were 16.8%, 26.0%, 12.5%, and 15.0% in the positive fish species, respectively, and mean metacercarial intensity was 63.3, 26.8, 86.2, and 8.7 per fish infected. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only from the mullet, Chelon macrolepis. Metacercariae of Procerovum sp. were found in Channa striata and Anabas testudineus. Collectively, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with gnathostome larvae and metacercariae of O. viverrini and intestinal flukes in Yangon City, Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Keon Hoon Lee
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Jin-Youp Ryu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seung Kim
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649,
Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974,
Korea
| | | | | | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
- Corresponding author ()
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31
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Park MY, Kim BW, Moehrle M, Troppenz U, Rehbein W, Sigmund A, Hong SJ. Liquid crystal filter based tunable transmitter for 25Gps wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network fronthaul. Opt Express 2020; 28:38942-38948. [PMID: 33379452 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel tunable transmitter structure based on liquid crystal filter, to the best of our knowledge, is presented. The structure is designed for application to 5G fronthaul and supports 25 Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission and tunable range of 35 nm. The design takes into account easy change of operation band over coarse WDM grid. Prototype samples are developed to test feasibility of the design.
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Dai F, Yoo WG, Lu Y, Song JH, Lee JY, Byun Y, Pak JH, Sohn WM, Hong SJ. Sodium-bile acid co-transporter is crucial for survival of a carcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis in the bile. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008952. [PMID: 33284789 PMCID: PMC7746286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis inhabits the bile ducts, where bile concentration disparities across the fluke cell membrane can cause bile intoxication. Sodium-bile acid co-transporter (SBAT) plays a crucial role in bile acid recycling. The process by which SBAT imports bile acids is electrically coupled to sodium ion co-transportation. Here, we report that the SBAT of C. sinensis (CsSBAT) is involved in bile acid transportation. CsSBAT cDNA encoded a putative polypeptide of 546 amino acid residues. Furthermore, CsSBAT consisted of ten putative transmembrane domains, and its 3D structure was predicted to form panel and core domains. The CsSBAT had one bile acid- and three Na+-binding sites, enabling coordination of a symport process. CsSBAT was mainly localized in the mesenchymal tissue throughout the fluke body and sparsely localized in the basement of the tegument, intestinal epithelium, and excretory bladder wall. Bile acid permeated into the adult flukes in a short time and remained at a low concentration level. Bile acid accumulated inside the mesenchymal tissue when CsSBAT was inhibited using polyacrylic acid–tetradeoxycholic acid conjugate. The accumulated bile acid deteriorated the C. sinensis adults leading to death. CsSBAT silencing shortened the lifespan of the fluke when it was placed into bile. Taken together, we propose that CsSBAT transports bile acids in the mesenchymal tissue and coordinate with outward transporters to maintain bile acid homeostasis of C. sinensis adults, contributing to C. sinensis survival in the bile environment. Clonorchiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis. C. sinensis is a biological carcinogen causing cholangiocarcinoma in humans. Juvenile worms inhabit and grow to adults in the bile ducts. Bile acids in the bile are double-edged molecules; they promote metabolism, but differences in their concentration across the cell membrane could lead to bile intoxication. The sodium-bile acid co-transporter of C. sinensis (CsSBAT) is indispensable for maintaining its normal physiology and bile detoxification in the bile duct. However, information related to the molecular and biological characteristics of the SBAT of liver flukes is not available. Here, we cloned CsSBAT for the first time in trematodes and characterized its tertiary structure and physiological functions. The sequential and structural properties of CsSBAT were similar to the apical sodium-bile acid co-transporter found in mammalian intestines. CsSBAT shared a mesenchymal tissue distribution with Na+-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide in the hepatocytes adjacent to the bile ducts. Bile acids accumulated in C. sinensis adults when CsSBAT was inhibited, causing their death. This information might promote further studies on the physiological functions of SBAT and other trematode bile transporters and open new avenues toward developing novel anthelminthic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanyan Lu
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Liubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Chai JY, Jung BK, Lee KH, Hong SJ, Khieu V, Na BK, Sohn WM. Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:695-699. [PMID: 33412775 PMCID: PMC7806430 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Present study was performed to know the infection status of Gnathostoma sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL3) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL3 of Gnathostoma spinigerum based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that G. spinigerum larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, M. albus, in Pursat Province, Cambodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Keon Hoon Lee
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Virak Khieu
- National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Park SH, Jun H, Ahn SK, Lee J, Yu SL, Lee SK, Kang JM, Kim H, Lee HI, Hong SJ, Na BK, Bahk YY, Kim TS. Monitoring Insecticide Resistance and Target Site Mutations of L1014 Kdr And G119 Ace Alleles in Five Mosquito Populations in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:543-550. [PMID: 33202506 PMCID: PMC7672240 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are globally distributed and important vectors for the transmission of many human diseases. Mosquito control is a difficult task and the cost of preventing mosquito-borne diseases is much lower than that for curing the associated diseases. Thus, chemical control remains the most effective tool for mosquito. Due to the long-term intensive use of insecticides to control mosquito vectors, resistance to most chemical insecticides has been reported. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between insecticide resistance and target site mutation of L1014 kdr and G119 ace alleles in 5 species/species group of mosquitoes (Aedes vexans, Ae. albopictus, Anopheles spp., Culex pipiens complex, and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus) obtained from 6 collection sites. For Anopheles spp., the proportion of mosquitoes with mutated alleles in L1014 was 88.4%, homozygous resistant genotypes were observed in 46.7%, and heterozygous resistant genotypes were observed in 41.8%. For the Cx. pipiens complex and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus species, homozygous resistant genotypes were found in 25.9% and 9.8%, respectively. However, target site mutation of L1014 in the Ae. vexans nipponii and Ae. albopictus species was not observed. Anopheles spp., Cx. pipiens complex, and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes were resistant to deltamethrin and chlorpyriphos, whereas Ae. vexans nipponii and Ae. albopictus were clearly susceptible. We also found a correlation between the resistance phenotype and the presence of the L1014 kdr and G119 ace mutations only in the Anopheles spp. population. In this study, we suggest that insecticide resistance poses a growing threat and resistance management must be integrated into all mosquito control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hye Park
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Hojong Jun
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Ahn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sung-Lim Yu
- Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sung Keun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong 28159, Korea
| | - Hee-Il Lee
- Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong 28159, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
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Kim W, Chang YK, Kim TS, Hong SJ, Ahn HJ, Nam HW, Kim D. Clusters of Toxoplasmosis in Gyodong-Myeon and Samsan-Myeon, Ganghwa-Gun, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:493-497. [PMID: 33202501 PMCID: PMC7672238 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out the clusters with high toxoplasmosis risk to discuss the geographical pattern in 2 islands of Gyodong-myeon and Samsan-myeon in Ganghwa-gun, Korea. Seroepidemiological data of toxoplasmosis surveyed using rapid diagnostic tests for the residents in 2 islands from 2010 to 2013 were analyzed to detect clusters of the infection. The cluster was investigated using the SatScan program which is based on Kulldorff’s scan statistic. The clusters were found with P-values in each region analyzed in the program, and the risk and patient incidence of specific areas can be examined by the values such as relative risk and log likelyhood ratio. Jiseok-ri was found to be a cluster in Gyodong-myeon and Ha-ri was the cluster in Samsan-myeon. This findings can be used to monitor and prevent toxoplasmosis infections occurring in vulnerable areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Chang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22333, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Dongjae Kim
- Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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36
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Yoo WG, Kang JM, Lê HG, Pak JH, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Na BK. Bile Ductal Transcriptome Identifies Key Pathways and Hub Genes in Clonorchis sinensis-Infected Sprague-Dawley Rats. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:513-525. [PMID: 33202503 PMCID: PMC7672232 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis is a food-borne trematode that infects more than 15 million people. The liver fluke causes clonorchiasis and chronical cholangitis, and promotes cholangiocarcinoma. The underlying molecular pathogenesis occurring in the bile duct by the infection is little known. In this study, transcriptome profile in the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis were analyzed using microarray methods. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were 1,563 and 1,457 at 2 and 4 weeks after infection. Majority of the DEGs were temporally dysregulated at 2 weeks, but 519 DEGs showed monotonically changing expression patterns that formed seven distinct expression profiles. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of the DEG products revealed 5 sub-networks and 10 key hub proteins while weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA)-derived gene-gene interaction exhibited 16 co-expression modules and 13 key hub genes. The DEGs were significantly enriched in 16 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, which were related to original systems, cellular process, environmental information processing, and human diseases. This study uncovered a global picture of gene expression profiles in the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis, and provided a set of potent predictive biomarkers for early diagnosis of clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Huong Giang Lê
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Chai JY, Jung BK, Ryu JY, Kim HS, Hong SJ, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Na BK, Sohn WM. Larval Gnathostomes and Spargana in Chinese Edible Frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Myanmar: Potential Risk of Human Infection. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:467-473. [PMID: 32871642 PMCID: PMC7462796 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, were examined to estimate the potential risks of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar. A total of 20 frogs were purchased in a local market of Yangon and examined with naked eyes and the artificial digestion method after skin peeling in June 2018 and June 2019. Larvae of gnathostomes and Spirometra (=spargana) were detected in 15 (75.0%) and 15 (75.0%) frogs with average intensities of 10.5 and 6.3 larvae per infected frog, respectively. Gnathostome larvae were 2.75–3.80 (av. 3.30) mm long and 0.29–0.36 (0.33) mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus, and 2 pairs of cervical sac. The mean number of hooklets were 41, 44, 47, and 50 on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th row, respectively. Collected spargana were actively moving, particularly with the scolex part, and have ivory-white color and variable in size. Conclusively, it has been first confirmed that Chinese edible frogs, H. rugulosus, are highly infected with larval gnathostomes and spargana in this study. Consuming these frogs is considered a potential risk of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Jin-Youp Ryu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seung Kim
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | | | | | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Corresponding author:
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Dai F, Hong SJ, Pak JH, Le TH, Choi SH, Na BK, Sohn WM. High Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis and Other Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yen Bai Province, Northern Vietnam. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:333-338. [PMID: 32615748 PMCID: PMC7338896 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A small survey was performed to investigate the recent infection status of Clonorchis sinensis and other zoonotic trematode metacercariae in freshwater fish from a local market of Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. A total of 118 fish in 7 species were examined by the artificial digestion method on March 2016. The metacercariae of 4 species of zoonotic trematodes, i.e., C. sinensis, Haplorchis pumilio, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus, were detected. The metacercariae of C. sinensis were found in 62 (69.7%) out of 89 fish (5 species), and their intensity of infection was very high, 81.2 per fish infected. Prevalences of 3 intestinal flukes, H. pumilio, H. taichui and C. formosanus, were 75.0%, 47.6%, and 31.7% in positive fish species, respectively, with the metacercarial intensities of 15.5, 10.3, and 2.2 per fish infected. From the above results, it has been confirmed that various species of freshwater fish continue to play the role of the infection source of C. sinensis and other zoonotic trematodes in Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. It is of particular note that the prevalence and intensity of C. sinensis metacercariae are much higher than those reported in previous studies in fish in northern Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Dai
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea.,Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Thanh Hoa Le
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Society of Korean Naturalist, Institute of Ecology and Conservation, Yangpyeong 12563, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Park Y, Noh J, Seo HJ, Kim KH, Min S, Yoo MS, Yun BR, Kim JH, Choi EJ, Cheon DS, Hong SJ, Yoon SS, Cho YS. Seroprevalence and B1 gene Phylogeny of Toxoplasma gondii of Dogs and Cats in Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:257-265. [PMID: 32615739 PMCID: PMC7338905 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of human toxoplasmosis can be attributed to ingestion of food contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasmosis recently increased in domestic and stray dogs and cats. It prompted studies on the zoonotic infectious diseases transmitted via these animals. Sero- and antigen prevalences of T. gondii in dogs and cats were surveyed using ELISA and PCR, and B1 gene phylogeny was analyzed in this study. Toxoplasmosis antibodies were measured on sera of 403 stray cats, 947 stray dogs, 909 domestic cats, and 2,412 domestic dogs collected at nationwide regions, Korea from 2017 to 2019. In addition, whole blood, feces, and tissue samples were also collected from stray cats (1,392), stray dogs (686), domestic cats (3,040), and domestic dogs (1,974), and T. gondii-specific B1 gene PCR was performed. Antibody prevalence of stray cats, stray dogs, domestic cats, and domestic dogs were 14.1%, 5.6%, 2.3%, and 0.04%, respectively. Antigen prevalence of these animals was 0.5%, 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.4%, respectively. Stray cats revealed the highest infection rate of toxoplasmosis, followed by stray dogs, domestic cats, and domestic dogs. B1 gene positives were 5 of stray cats, and identified to high/moderate pathogenic Type I/III group. These findings enforce that preventive hygienic measure should be strengthened at One Health level in dogs and cats, domestic and stray, to minimize human toxoplasmosis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojin Park
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Noh
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Seo
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Keun-Ho Kim
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Subin Min
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Yoo
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Yun
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Animal Pathodiagnostic Laboratory, Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Department of Disease Control & Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Choi
- Animal Pathodiagnostic Laboratory, Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Department of Disease Control & Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | | | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Yun Sang Cho
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
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Park SH, Jegal S, Ahn SK, Jung H, Lee J, Na BK, Hong SJ, Bahk YY, Kim TS. Diagnostic Performance of Three Rapid Diagnostic Test Kits for Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:147-152. [PMID: 32418383 PMCID: PMC7231823 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a potent burden on public healthcare worldwide due to requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays, prompt diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely accepted as an effective diagnostic technique in malaria-endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast output, and straightforward interpretation. The global availability and use of RDTs have gradually grown over recent decades as field-applicable diagnostic tests for the reliable confirmation of malaria infection and proper case management. This study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic performance of 3 commercially available malaria RDT kits : BIOCREDITTM Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH), Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), and Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH) (where pLDH and pHRPII stand for plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2, respectively) for the specific detection of Plasmodium falciparum. A total of 1,129 blood samples including 95 blood samples, confirmed as vivax malaria infection by microscopic examinations and a nested-PCR method, were tested for falciparum malaria infection. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH), and Pf(pLDH) for P. falciparum were 99.0% and 100%, 95.8% and 100%, and 100% and 100%, respectively. It is proposed that the 3 RDT kits perform reliable level of diagnostic accuracy of detection for P. falciparum parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hye Park
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Seung Jegal
- Department of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis, Incheon Metropolitan City Institute of Public Health and Environment, Incheon 22320, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Ahn
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Haneul Jung
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52828, Korea.,BK21Plus Team for Anti-aging Biotechnology and Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 2828, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
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Chai JY, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Jung BK, Hong S, Cho S, Park JB, Kim IS, Kim S, Lee KH, Jeoung HG, Htoon TT, Tin HH. Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar. Korean J Parasitol 2020; 58:195-200. [PMID: 32418390 PMCID: PMC7231822 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014–2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of A. lumbricoides averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of T. trichiura averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of A. lumbricoides prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, T. trichiura did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of T. trichiura by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA (>10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea; 5National Health Laboratory, Yangon 11191, Myanmar
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Sooji Hong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Seon Cho
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Jong-Bok Park
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - In-Sung Kim
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Sunkyoung Kim
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Keon-Hoon Lee
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
| | - Hoo-Gn Jeoung
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea
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Bai X, Song JH, Dai F, Lee JY, Hong SJ. Clonorchis sinensis secretory protein CsAg17 vaccine induces immune protection. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:215. [PMID: 32334611 PMCID: PMC7183723 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clonorchiasis is endemic in East and Southeast Asian countries. For a preventive strategy against infectious diseases, vaccination is the most effective. Here, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and immune responses of CsAg17 protein from Clonorchis sinensis, and investigated its protective effects against C. sinensis challenge. Methods A cDNA clone encoding CsAg17 protein and containing a secretory signal peptide at the N-terminus was retrieved from the C. sinensis transcriptome bank. Recombinant CsAg17 B-cell epitope protein and cDNA vaccines were produced and their immune responses were evaluated in FVB mice. The proportional changes of CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry, and immune effectors were measured by ELISA. Results The CsAg17 mRNA was transcribed at a higher level in C. sinensis adults than in metacercariae. The CsAg17 protein was distributed in the sperms, oral and ventral suckers, and mesenchymal tissues of C. sinensis adults. In mice challenged with C. sinensis metacercariae, vaccination with CsAg17 protein and cDNA resulted in a reduction to 64% and 69% in worm burden, respectively. Both CsAg17 protein and cDNA vaccines increased the proportion of CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ T cells and stimulated the production of Th1 type cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, and interferon-γ, while maintaining minimum levels of Th2 cytokines. The levels of IgG specific to CsAg17 protein steeply increased in the two vaccinated groups from 2 weeks after immunization. The liver tissue retained good morphology in the mice vaccinated with CsAg17 protein or cDNA, whereas severe inflammation and large serous cysts were observed in the liver of the unvaccinated mice. Conclusions Vaccination with CsAg17 protein and cDNA reduced the pathological changes in the bile duct and liver, and ameliorated the worm burden via cellular and humoral immune responses. Thus, they may serve as good vaccine candidates against C. sinensis infections.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Bai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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43
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Dai F, Song JH, Hong YP, Bai X, Sohn WM, Hong SJ. Dopaminergic antagonists inhibit bile chemotaxis of adult Clonorchis sinensis and its egg production. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008220. [PMID: 32226018 PMCID: PMC7145267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human clonorchiasis, caused by Clonorchis sinensis, is endemic in East Asian countries. C. sinensis metacercariae excyst in the duodenum of mammalian hosts, migrate to the intrahepatic bile duct, and mature into adults in the milieu of bile. We have previously shown that newly excysted juvenile C. sinensis move chemotactically toward bile and bile acids. Here, the chemotactic behavior of adult C. sinensis (CsAd) toward bile and bile acids was investigated. CsAds moved toward 0.05-5% bile and were most attracted to 0.5% bile but moved away from 10% bile. Upon exposure to 1-10% bile, CsAds eventually stopped moving and then died quickly. Among bile acids, CsAds showed strong chemotaxis toward cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid. On the contrary, CsAds repelled from lithocholic acid (LCA). Moreover, at higher than 10 mM LCA, CsAds became sluggish and eventually died. Dopamine D1 receptor antagonists (LE-300 and SKF-83566), D2/3 receptor antagonists (raclopride and its derivative CS-49612), and a dopamine re-uptake inhibitor inhibited CA-induced chemotaxis of CsAds almost completely. Clinically used antipsychotic drugs, namely chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and clozapine, are dopaminergic antagonists and are secreted into bile. They completely inhibited chemotaxis of CsAds toward CA. At the maximum doses used to treat patients, the three tested medicines only expelled 2-12% of CsAds from the experimentally infected rabbits, but reduced egg production by 64-79%. Thus, antipsychotic medicines with dopaminergic antagonism could be considered as new anthelmintic candidates for human C. sinensis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Pyo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuelian Bai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, PR China
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis is a fish-borne trematode that inhabits the bile duct of mammals including humans. Clonorchiasis is prevalent in China, Korea, and Vietnam, and 15-20 million people are estimated to be infected by this fluke. Freshwater snails act as the first intermediate host for the proliferation of C. sinensis larvae and shed the cercariae into water. The cercariae penetrate the skin of freshwater fish and transform to metacercariae. Humans are infected by eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish as dishes of filet, "sashimi," or congee, which contain C. sinensis metacercariae. In humans, the C. sinensis metacercariae excyst in the duodenum, and juvenile flukes migrate up via bile chemotaxis into bile ducts. Once there, C. sinensis provokes hyperplasia of the bile duct epithelium, obstructive jaundice, ascites, liver enlargement and cirrhosis, and infrequent cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Although the association between C. sinensis infection and CCA has been firmly established in past decades, the underlying mechanisms are not elucidated in detail. In the context of chronic clonorchiasis-associated hepatobiliary aberrations, the constitutive disruption of redox homeostasis and dysregulation of physiological signaling pathways may promote the malignant transformation of cholangiocytes, thus leading to substantial acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype by these cells: CCA. With advances of genomic and molecular biological approaches, diverse C. sinensis proteins that are essential for parasite physiology and pathogenicity have been identified and characterized. Some of the proteins have been considered as attractive targets for development of vaccines and chemotherapeutics. Candidate antigens for reliable serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis have been studied.
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Kang JM, Yoo WG, Lê HG, Thái TL, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Na BK. Partial Characterization of Two Cathepsin D Family Aspartic Peptidases of Clonorchis sinensis. Korean J Parasitol 2019; 57:671-680. [PMID: 31914521 PMCID: PMC6960241 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin D (CatD, EC 3.4.23.5) is a member belonging to the subfamily of aspartic endopeptidases, which are classified into the MEROPS clan AA, family A1. Helminth parasites express a large set of different peptidases that play pivotal roles in parasite biology and pathophysiology. However, CatD is less well known than the other classes of peptidases in terms of biochemical properties and biological functions. In this study, we identified 2 novel CatDs (CsCatD1 and CsCatD2) of Clonorchis sinensis and partially characterized their properties. Both CsCatDs represent typical enzymes sharing amino acid residues and motifs that are tightly conserved in the CatD superfamily of proteins. Both CsCatDs showed similar patterns of expression in different developmental stages of C. sinensis, but CsCatD2 was also expressed in metacercariae. CsCatD2 was mainly expressed in the intestines and eggs of C. sinensis. Sera obtained from rats experimentally infected with C. sinensis reacted with recombinant CsCatD2 beginning 2 weeks after infection and the antibody titers were gradually increased by maturation of the parasite. Structural analysis of CsCatD2 revealed a bilobed enzyme structure consisting of 2 antiparallel β-sheet domains packed against each other forming a homodimeric structure. These results suggested a plausible biological role of CsCatD2 in the nutrition and reproduction of parasite and its potential utility as a serodiagnostic antigen in clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,BK21Plus Team for Anti-aging Biotechnology and Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Won-Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hương Giang Lê
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,BK21Plus Team for Anti-aging Biotechnology and Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Thị Lam Thái
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,BK21Plus Team for Anti-aging Biotechnology and Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Sohn WM, Jung BK, Hong SJ, Lee KH, Park JB, Kim HS, Cho S, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Chai JY. Low-Grade Endemicity of Opisthorchiasis, Yangon, Myanmar. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1435-1437. [PMID: 31211941 PMCID: PMC6590760 DOI: 10.3201/eid2507.190495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed an epidemiologic survey of opisthorchiasis in Yangon, Myanmar. The fecal egg-positive rate of residents was 0.7%, and we recovered an adult fluke after chemotherapy and purging of an egg-positive resident. We detected Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae in freshwater fish. We found the Yangon area to have low-grade endemicity of opisthorchiasis.
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Pak JH, Lee JY, Jeon BY, Dai F, Yoo WG, Hong SJ. Cytokine Production in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells in Response to Clonorchis sinensis Excretory-Secretory Products and Their Putative Protein Components. Korean J Parasitol 2019; 57:379-387. [PMID: 31533404 PMCID: PMC6753296 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis is a carcinogenic human liver fluke that promotes hepatic inflammatory environments via direct contact or through their excretory-secretory products (ESPs), subsequently leading to cholangitis, periductal fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and even cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This study was conducted to examine the host inflammatory responses to C. sinensis ESPs and their putative protein components selected from C. sinensis expressed sequenced tag (EST) pool databases, including TGF-β receptor interacting protein 1(CsTRIP1), legumain (CsLeg), and growth factor binding protein 2 (CsGrb2). Treatment of CCA cells (HuCCT1) with the ESPs or bacterial recombinant C. sinensis proteins differentially promoted the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2) in a time-dependent manner. In particular, recombinant C. sinensis protein treatment resulted in increase (at maximum) of ~7-fold in TGF-β1, ~30-fold in TGF-β2, and ~3-fold in TNF-α compared with the increase produced by ESPs, indicating that CsTrip1, CsLeg, and CsGrb2 function as strong inducers for secretion of these cytokines in host cells. These results suggest that C. sinensis ESPs contribute to the immunopathological response in host cells, leading to clonorchiasis-associated hepatobiliary abnormalities of greater severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06987, Korea
| | - Bo Young Jeon
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06987, Korea.,Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06987, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06987, Korea
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48
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Li S, Song JH, Kim TI, Yoo WG, Won MH, Dai F, Hong SJ. Chemotactic migration of newly excysted juvenile Clonorchis sinensis is suppressed by neuro-antagonists. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007573. [PMID: 31408466 PMCID: PMC6691982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The metacercariae of the Clonorchis sinensis liver fluke excyst in the duodenum of mammalian hosts, and the newly excysted juveniles (CsNEJs) migrate along the bile duct via bile chemotaxis. Cholic acid is a major component of bile that induces this migration. We investigated the neuronal control of chemotactic behavior of CsNEJs toward cholic acid. The migration of CsNEJs was strongly inhibited at sub-micromolar concentration by dopamine D1 (LE-300 and SKF-83566), D2 (spiramide, nemonapride, and sulpiride), and D3 (GR-103691 and NGB-2904) receptor antagonists, as well as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor (BTCP). Neuropeptides, FMRFamide, peptide YY, and neuropeptide Y were also potent inhibitors of chemotaxis. Meanwhile, serotonergic, glutamatergic, and cholinergic inhibitors did not affect chemotaxis, with the exception of fluoxetine and CNQX. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis indicated that dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons were colocalized in the somatic muscle tissues of adult C. sinensis. Our findings suggest that dopaminergic neurons and neuropeptides play a major role in the chemotactic migration of CsNEJs to bile, and their inhibitors or modulators could be utilized to prevent their migration from the bile duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyu Li
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Im Kim
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Planning and Management, Nakdong-gang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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49
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Won EJ, Jung BK, Song H, Kim MS, Kim HS, Lee KH, Kim MJ, Shin MG, Shin JH, Suh SP, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Htoon TT, Tin HH, Chai JY. Molecular Diagnosis of Taenia saginata Tapeworm Infection in 2 Schoolchildren, Myanmar. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 24:1156-1158. [PMID: 29774855 PMCID: PMC6004857 DOI: 10.3201/eid2406.180217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Taenia saginata is the most common human tapeworm worldwide but has been unknown in Myanmar. In 2017, fecal examination in Yangon, Myanmar, revealed eggs of Taenia species in 2 children from a monastic school. Several proglottids expelled after medication with praziquantel were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to be T. saginata tapeworms.
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50
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Yoo WG, Kim SM, Won EJ, Lee JY, Dai F, Woo HC, Nam HW, Kim TI, Han JH, Kwak D, Cho YS, Kang SW, Kim TS, Zhu XQ, Wang C, Youn H, Hong SJ. Tissue Fluid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay for Piglets Experimentally Infected with Toxoplasma gondii and Survey on Local and Imported Pork in Korean Retail Meat Markets. Korean J Parasitol 2018; 56:437-446. [PMID: 30419729 PMCID: PMC6243190 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pork on the market in Korea, an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for tissue fluid (CAU-tf-ELISA) was developed using a soluble extract of T. gondii RH strain tachyzoites. As the standard positive controls, the piglets were experimentally infected with T. gondii: Group A (1,000 cysts-containing bradyzoites), Group B (500 cysts-containing bradyzoites) and Group C (1.0×103 or 1.0×104 tachyzoites). The CAU-tf-ELISA demonstrated infection intensity-dependent positivity toward tissue fluids with average cut-off value 0.15: 100% for Group A, 93.8% for Group B and 40.6% for Group C. When tissue-specific cut-off values 0.066-0.199 were applied, CAU-tf-ELISA showed 96.7% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive and 90.0% negative predictive values. When compared with the same tissue fluids, performance of CAU-tf-ELISA was better than that of a commercial ELISA kit. Of the 583 Korea domestic pork samples tested, anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected from 9.1% of whole samples and 37.9% from skirt meat highest among pork parts. In the 386 imported frozen pork samples, 1.8% (skirt meat and shoulder blade) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies. In Korea, prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in the pork on retail markets appeared high, suggesting that regulations on pig farming and facilities are necessary to supply safe pork on the tables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sun-Min Kim
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Won
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea.,KoreaBioGroup Co., Incheon 22013, Korea
| | - Fuhong Dai
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea.,Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ho Choon Woo
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ho-Woo Nam
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Tae Im Kim
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea.,Division of Planning and Management, Nakdong-gang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hee Han
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Dongmi Kwak
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Kyungpook National University College of Veterinary Sciences, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Yun Sang Cho
- Parasitic and Insect Disease Laboratory, Bacterial and Parasitic Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Kang
- VexPert Co., Suwon 16614, Korea; 11KoreaBioGroup Co., Incheon 22013, Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22333, Korea
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P. R. China
| | - Chunren Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P. R. China
| | - Heejeong Youn
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
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