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Chen J, Qin H, Hao J, Wang Q, Chen S, Yang G, Li M, Zhu X, Wang D, Chen H, Cui C, Chen M. Cardiac-specific overexpression of CREM-IbΔC-X via CRISPR/Cas9 in mice presents a new model of atrial cardiomyopathy with spontaneous atrial fibrillation. Transl Res 2024; 267:54-66. [PMID: 38199433 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) forms the substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF) and underlies the potential for atrial thrombus formation and subsequent stroke. However, generating stable animal models that accurately replicate the entire progression of atrial lesions, particularly the onset of AF, presents significant challenges. In the present study, we found that the isoform of CRE-binding protein modulator (CREM-IbΔC-X), which is involved in the regulation of cardiac development and atrial rhythm, was highly expressed in atrial biopsies from patients with AF. Building upon this finding, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 technology to create a mouse model with cardiac-specific overexpression of CREM-IbΔC-X (referred to as CS-CREM mice). This animal model effectively illustrated the development of ACM through electrophysiological and structural remodelings over time. Proteomics and Chip-qPCR analysis of atrial samples revealed significant upregulation of cell-matrix adhesion and extracellular matrix structural components, alongside significant downregulation of genes related to atrial functions in the CS-CREM mice. Furthermore, the corresponding responses to anti-arrhythmia drugs, i.e., amiodarone and propafenone, suggested that CS-CREM mice could serve as an ideal in vivo model for drug testing. Our study introduced a novel ACM model with spontaneous AF by cardiac-specifically overexpressing CREM-IbΔC-X in mice, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic targets of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuzhou Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Huiyuan Qin
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jingzhe Hao
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shaojie Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mingfang Li
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Chang Cui
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Minglong Chen
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
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Zhao S, Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Aguilar-Sanchez Y, Munivez E, Müller FU, Jain A, Malovannaya A, Yiu CHK, Reilly S, Wehrens XHT. Atrial proteomic profiling reveals a switch towards profibrotic gene expression program in CREM-IbΔC-X mice with persistent atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 190:1-12. [PMID: 38514002 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of the CREM (cAMP response element-binding modulator) isoform CREM-IbΔC-X in transgenic mice (CREM-Tg) causes the age-dependent development of spontaneous AF. PURPOSE To identify key proteome signatures and biological processes accompanying the development of persistent AF through integrated proteomics and bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Atrial tissue samples from three CREM-Tg mice and three wild-type littermates were subjected to unbiased mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, differential expression and pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. RESULTS A total of 98 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for biological processes regulating actin cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics. Changes in ITGAV, FBLN5, and LCP1 were identified as being relevant to atrial fibrosis and structural based on expression changes, co-expression patterns, and PPI network analysis. Comparative analysis with previously published datasets revealed a shift in protein expression patterns from ion-channel and metabolic regulators in young CREM-Tg mice to profibrotic remodeling factors in older CREM-Tg mice. Furthermore, older CREM-Tg mice exhibited protein expression patterns reminiscent of those seen in humans with persistent AF. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovered distinct temporal changes in atrial protein expression patterns with age in CREM-Tg mice consistent with the progressive evolution of AF. Future studies into the role of the key differentially abundant proteins identified in this study in AF progression may open new therapeutic avenues to control atrial fibrosis and substrate development in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mohit M Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Satadru K Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuriana Aguilar-Sanchez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elda Munivez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frank Ulrich Müller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chi Him Kendrick Yiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
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Du X, Zhu J, Xu X, Lu Z, Li X, Li Y, Luo L, Zhang W, Liu J. Effects of cadmium exposure during pregnancy on genome-wide DNA methylation and the CREB/CREM pathway in the testes of male offspring rats. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140906. [PMID: 38092170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This experimental study explored the multigenerational and transgenerational effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure during pregnancy on the testicular tissue and spermatogenesis of male offspring rats. CdCl2 at different doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg/day) were dispensed to pregnant SD rats, thus producing generation F1. Adult females in F1 (PND 56) were mated with untreated fertile males so as to produce generation F2. Likewise, adult females in F2 were mated to produce generation F3. Damages to testicular tissue were observed in all the three generations, with serum testosterone (T) increased in F2 and F3. Notably, the genome-wide DNA methylation level in the testicular tissue of F1 was altered, as was the expression of F1-F3 methyltransferases. In addition, the expression of Creb/Crem pathway, a pathway critical for the metamorphosis from postmeiotic round spermatocytes to spermatozoa, was also remarkably altered in the three generations. In concludion, prenatal Cd exposure might bring multigenerational and transgenerational toxic effects to testes via genome-wide DNA methylation and the regulation of CREB/CREM pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiushuai Du
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jianlin Zhu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Zhilan Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Lingfeng Luo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Wenchang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
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Sang Y, Liu J, Dong X, Gao L, Li X, Zhou G, Zhang Y, Xue J, Zhao M, Zhou X. Silica nanoparticles induce male reproductive toxicity via Crem hypermethylation mediated spermatocyte apoptosis and sperm flagella damage. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:13856-13866. [PMID: 38265582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) could causally contribute to malfunctioning of the spermatogenesis, but the underlying mechanism is rarely known. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of Crem hypermethylation in SiNP-induced reproductive toxicity. The male mice were exposure to SiNPs (0 and 20 mg/kg·bw) once every 5 days via intratracheal instillation for 35 days. After exposure stopped, half of each group was killed, and the rest were sacrificed after another 15-day feeding. GC-2 cells were treated with 0 and 20 μg/mL SiNPs. The results showed that SiNPs led to structure damage of spermatocyte and sperm, caused spermatocyte apoptosis, and decreased sperm quantity and quality. After 15 days of the withdrawal, the testicular tissue damage gradually recovered. Mechanistic study showed that SiNPs induced hypermethylation of the gene of cAMP responsive element modulator (Crem) in the promoter region. Downregulation of Crem inhibited the expression of outer dense fiber 1 (Odf1), resulting in abnormal sperm flagella structure; at the same time, Crem inhibited the expression of Bcl-xl, causing upregulation of cytochrome-C, cleaved-caspase-9/caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3/caspase-3, resulting in mitochondrial dependent apoptotic pathway. However, 5-aza, DNA methylation inhibitor, could reverse the SiNP-induced downregulation of Crem and reverse the Crem/Bcl-xl-mediated mitochondrial dependent apoptotic pathway. These results suggested SiNPs could disrupt spermatogenesis by causing Crem hypermethylation to regulate the Odf1 and Bcl-xl in spermatocytes resulting in the sperm flagella structure and spermatocyte apoptosis. Our study provided new insights into the male reproductive toxicity mechanism of SiNPs; Crem demethylation may be a potential way to prevent reproductive dysfunction from SiNP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Sang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Xiaomin Dong
- Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Leqiang Gao
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Guiqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jinglong Xue
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Moxuan Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Koh S, Punjabi LS, Chang KTE, Wei Yang Teo N, Ee Hoon Teo C, Soh SY, Kun Kiaang Tan H. Expanding the Spectrum of EWSR1::CREM Fusion Tumors: An Unusual Pediatric Intranasal Myxoid Tumor. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2024; 27:90-95. [PMID: 37818644 DOI: 10.1177/10935266231199931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
EWSR1::CREM gene fusions are increasingly being recognized in a diverse number of soft tissue tumors, including well-defined entities such as angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma or clear cell sarcoma, and other unclassifiable tumors. As a group, EWSR1::CREM fused tumors often demonstrate primitive spindle or epithelioid cells, myxoid stroma, and a broad immunophenotype. Herein we present an unusual case of a child diagnosed with an intranasal malignant myxoid tumor harboring an EWSR1::CREM gene fusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of intranasal myxoid tumor with this particular fusion. Diagnosis and management of the case is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamen Koh
- Department of Otolaryngology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lavisha S Punjabi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neville Wei Yang Teo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Constance Ee Hoon Teo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- Departement of Hematology/Oncology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Kun Kiaang Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
Cutaneous clear cell sarcomas may be confused with melanomas as a result of overlapping histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with a purported history of acral melanoma of the great toe. Twenty-one months after excision of the primary tumor, the patient developed a groin mass, diagnosed as metastatic melanoma on excision. Five months later, a biopsy of a lung mass was reported as metastatic melanoma. The patient was referred to our institution for treatment, which prompted molecular testing on the groin metastasis by targeted next-generation sequencing. Molecular testing results revealed TP53 and TERT promoter mutations and the absence of BRAF, KRAS, and KIT mutations; it also revealed an EWSR1::CREM fusion that was confirmed by Archer FusionPlex. The alleged acral melanoma was re-reviewed, showing an invasive amelanotic spindle cell neoplasm in the dermis with neoplastic nests at the dermal-epidermal junction; the tumor cells expressed markers of melanocytic differentiation but were negative for PRAME and BRAF immunohistochemical staining. Molecular testing of the toe and lung metastasis revealed the same EWSR1::CREM fusion. In light of the molecular findings, the diagnosis was revised to a primary acral compound clear cell sarcoma with EWSR1::CREM fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Klaus Busam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Carlsson E, Cowell-McGlory T, Hedrich CM. cAMP responsive element modulator α promotes effector T cells in systemic autoimmune diseases. Immunology 2023; 170:470-482. [PMID: 37435993 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes play a crucial role in adaptive immunity. Dysregulation of T cell-derived inflammatory cytokine expression and loss of self-tolerance promote inflammation and tissue damage in several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and psoriasis. The transcription factor cAMP responsive element modulator α (CREMα) plays a key role in the regulation of T cell homeostasis. Increased expression of CREMα is a hallmark of the T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases SLE and psoriasis. Notably, CREMα regulates the expression of effector molecules through trans-regulation and/or the co-recruitment of epigenetic modifiers, including DNA methyltransferases (DNMT3a), histone-methyltransferases (G9a) and histone acetyltransferases (p300). Thus, CREMα may be used as a biomarker for disease activity and/or target for future targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Carlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Taylor Cowell-McGlory
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Paediatric Excellence Initiative, NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Sánchez-Jasso DE, López-Guzmán SF, Bermúdez-Cruz RM, Oviedo N. Novel Aspects of cAMP-Response Element Modulator (CREM) Role in Spermatogenesis and Male Fertility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12558. [PMID: 37628737 PMCID: PMC10454534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a very complex process with an intricate transcriptional regulation. The transition from the diploid to the haploid state requires the involvement of specialized genes in meiosis, among other specific functions for the formation of the spermatozoon. The transcription factor cAMP-response element modulator (CREM) is a key modulator that triggers the differentiation of the germ cell into the spermatozoon through the modification of gene expression. CREM has multiple repressor and activator isoforms whose expression is tissue-cell-type specific and tightly regulated by various factors at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational level. The activator isoform CREMτ controls the expression of several relevant genes in post-meiotic stages of spermatogenesis. In addition, exposure to xenobiotics negatively affects CREMτ expression, which is linked to male infertility. On the other hand, antioxidants could have a positive effect on CREMτ expression and improve sperm parameters in idiopathically infertile men. Therefore, CREM expression could be used as a biomarker to detect and even counteract male infertility. This review examines the importance of CREM as a transcription factor for sperm production and its relevance in male fertility, infertility and the response to environmental xenobiotics that may affect CREMτ expression and the downstream regulation that alters male fertility. Also, some health disorders in which CREM expression is altered are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Eduardo Sánchez-Jasso
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (D.E.S.-J.); (S.F.L.-G.); (R.M.B.-C.)
| | - Sergio Federico López-Guzmán
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (D.E.S.-J.); (S.F.L.-G.); (R.M.B.-C.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bermúdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (D.E.S.-J.); (S.F.L.-G.); (R.M.B.-C.)
| | - Norma Oviedo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Immunología e Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City 02990, Mexico
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Abstract
MicroRNA-375 (miR-375) is upregulated in the islets of some diabetics and is correlated with poor outcome. Previous work in our laboratory showed that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) reduces miR-375 expression and could provide a way to restore normal miR-375 levels, however the transcription repression mechanism is unknown. Using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay we show that cAMP response element modulator (CREM) binds to the miR-375 promoter 3-fold above background and we find that CREM represses transcription from the miR-375 promoter 1.8-fold. While investigating miR-375 target genes we discovered that several microRNA:mRNA target prediction algorithms listed human CREM as a target gene of miR-375. The predicted binding site is conserved in primates but not in other species. We found that indeed miR-375 binds to the predicted site on human CREM and represses translation of a green fluorescent protein reporter gene by 30%. These findings suggest a primate-specific double-negative feedback loop, a mechanism that would keep these important β-cell regulators in check.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Keller
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Chico, Chico, CA, USA
- CONTACT David M. Keller Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Chico, 900 W. 1st St, Chico, CA95929 linkedin.com/in/keller-david-6529485b
| | - Isis G. Perez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Chico, Chico, CA, USA
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Kasajima A, Konukiewitz B, Schlitter AM, Weichert W, Bräsen JH, Agaimy A, Klöppel G. Mesenchymal/non-epithelial mimickers of neuroendocrine neoplasms with a focus on fusion gene-associated and SWI/SNF-deficient tumors. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:1209-1219. [PMID: 34350470 PMCID: PMC8724147 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mimickers of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) include a number of important pitfall tumors. Here, we describe our experience with mesenchymal mimics of NENs to illustrate their spectrum and draw the attention particularly to a group of mesenchymal/non-epithelial neoplasms (MN) that combine epithelioid histology with neuroendocrine (NE-) features and peculiar genetic abnormalities. In a consultation series of 4498 cases collected between 2009 and 2021, 2099 neoplasms expressing synaptophysin and/or chromograninA were reviewed and analyzed. A total of 364 (18%) were diagnosed as non-NENs, while the remaining tumors were NEN. The group of mesenchymal/non-epithelial neoplasms with NE-features (MN-NE) included 31/364 (8%) cases. These mostly malignant neoplasms showed an epithelioid morphology. While all but one tumor expressed synaptophysin, mostly patchy, only 10/29 (34%) co-expressed chromograninA. A total of 13/31 (42%) of the MN-NE showed EWSR1-related gene fusions (6 Ewing sarcomas, 5 clear cell sarcomas, and 1 desmoplastic small round cell tumor, 1 neoplasm with FUS-CREM gene fusion) and 7 (23%) were SWI/SNF (SMARCB1 or SMARCA4)-deficient neoplasms. The remaining MN-NE included synovial sarcoma, sclerosing epithelioid mesenchymal neoplasm, melanoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, solitary fibrous tumor, and chordoma. A total of 27/31 MN-NE were from the last 8 years, and 6 of them were located in the pancreas. Eleven MN-NE were initially diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). MN-NE with epithelioid features play an increasing role as mimickers of NECs. They mostly belong to tumors with gene fusions involving the EWSR1 gene, or with SWI/SNF complex deficiency. Synaptophysin expression is mostly patchy and chromograninA expression is infrequent in MN-NE of this series and data extracted from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Kasajima
- Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- The German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Björn Konukiewitz
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Melissa Schlitter
- Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
- The German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
- The German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günter Klöppel
- Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
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11
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Song B, Wang C, Chen Y, Li G, Gao Y, Zhu F, Wu H, Lv M, Zhou P, Wei Z, He X, Cao Y. Sperm DNA integrity status is associated with DNA methylation signatures of imprinted genes and non-imprinted genes. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2041-2048. [PMID: 33786731 PMCID: PMC8417181 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the DNA methylation of specific genes and sperm DNA integrity status in human sperm samples. METHODS A total of 166 semen samples were evaluated (86 controls and 80 cases with impaired sperm DNA integrity). We detected the methylation status of 257 CpG sites among two imprinted genes (H19 and SNRPN) and four non-imprinted genes related to male infertility (MTHFR, GSTM1, DAZL, and CREM) by using a targeted next-generation sequencing method. RESULTS Differential methylation was found in 43 CpG sites of the promoters of the six candidate genes. H19, SNRPN, MTHFR, DAZL, GSTM1, and CREM contained 22, 12, 1, 4, 0, and 4 differentially methylated CpG sites (P<0.05), respectively. The imprinting genes were associated with relatively higher rates of differentially methylated CpG sites (28.21% in H19 and 41.38% in SNRPN) than the non-imprinting genes. One CpG site in H19 remained significant after performing strict Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that different site-specific DNA methylation signatures were correlated with sperm DNA integrity status. Further studies are needed to investigate the specific mechanisms leading to the epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guanjian Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Fuxi Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mingrong Lv
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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张 庆, 丁 澍, 张 慧. [Effect of aberrant H3K27me3 modification in promoter regions on cAMP response element modulator α expression in CD4 + T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017; 37:1597-1602. [PMID: 29292251 PMCID: PMC6744012 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased cAMP response element modulator α (CREMα) in T cells plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms that elevates CREMα expression in SLE. METHODS CD4+ T cells from 5 healthy volunteers and 5 SLE patients were isolated for analysis of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) enrichment in different gene promoters using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) microarray. The levels of H3K27me3, H3K27 demethylases Jumonji domain containing 3 (JMJD3) and ubiquitously transcribed X (UTX), and H3K27 methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) within the CREMα promoter were subsequently tested by ChIP and real?time PCR in CD4+ T cells from 30 normal controls and 30 SLE patients; CREMα mRNA level was also determined by real?time RT?PCR. RESULTS Analysis of ChIP microarray data identified that H3K27me3 enrichment at the CREMα promoter in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients was 0.23 times that of the normal control subjects. The results of ChIP and real?time PCR confirmed a marked decrease of H3K27me3 enrichment at the CREMα promoter in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients (P<0.001). The level of H3K27me3 at the promoter was negatively correlated with CREMα mRNA level in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients (P<0.001). In addition, a sharp increase was observed in JMJD3 binding at the CREMα promoter region in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients (P<0.001), and it was negatively correlated with H3K27me3 enrichment (P<0.001) and positively correlated with CREMα mRNA level (P<0.001). There were no significant changes in UTX (P=0.172) or EZH2 (P=0.281) binding at the CREMα promoter region in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients as compared to normal controls. CONCLUSION Increased JMJD3 binding down-regulates H3K27me3 enrichment at the CREMα promoter in CD4+ T cells of SLE patients to stimulate CREMα overexpression and result in the development of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- 庆 张
- 中南大学湘雅二医院皮肤科,湖南 长沙 410011Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - 澍 丁
- 中南大学湘雅三医院皮肤科,湖南 长沙 410013Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - 慧琳 张
- 中南大学湘雅二医院急诊科,湖南 长沙 410011Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Li G, Zhong Y, Huang M, Wu J, Zheng J, Rong W, Zeng L, Yin X, Lu F, Xie Z, Xu D, Fan Q, Jia X, Wang T, Hu Q, Chen W, Wang Q, Huang Z. 1,2-Dichloroethane Induces Reproductive Toxicity Mediated by the CREM/CREB Signaling Pathway in Male NIH Swiss Mice. Toxicol Sci 2017; 160:299-314. [PMID: 28973639 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) is a widely used chlorinated organic toxicant but little is known about the reproductive disorders induced by its excessive exposure. To reveal 1,2-DCE-induced male reproductive toxicity and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we exposed male National Institutes of Health Swiss mice to 1,2-DCE by inhalation at 0, 100, 350, and 700 mg/m3 for 6 h/day, for 1 and 4 weeks. Our findings showed a significant decrease in body weight with increased testis/body weight ratio, reduced sperm concentration and induced malformation of spermatozoa, and vacuolar degeneration of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of testes in mice exposed to 1,2-DCE. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-response element binding protein (CREB) and cAMP-response element modulator (CREM) were significantly inhibited by 1,2-DCE. This is consistent with the declines in the transducer of regulated CREB activity 1 and activator of CREM in testis, which results in the decrease in lactate dehydrogenase C and testis-specific kinase 1 in the testes. Moreover, the activation of p53 and Bax with the inhibition of Bcl-2 might be the reason for the upregulation of caspase-3 in the apoptosis, as detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay in the testes induced by 1,2-DCE. Finally, elevated testosterone levels were found along with increased levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, cAMP, luteinizing hormone (LH), and LH receptors in the testes. These findings suggest that 1,2-DCE inhibits CREM/CREB signaling cascade and subsequently induces apoptosis associated with p53 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction. This also results in induced malformation of spermatozoa, reduced sperm concentration, and pathological impairment of the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yizhou Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Manqi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Jiejiao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Weifeng Rong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lihai Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Xiao Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Fengrong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohui Jia
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiansheng Hu
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, A Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Barbati SA, Colussi C, Bacci L, Aiello A, Re A, Stigliano E, Isidori AM, Grassi C, Pontecorvi A, Farsetti A, Gaetano C, Nanni S. Transcription Factor CREM Mediates High Glucose Response in Cardiomyocytes and in a Male Mouse Model of Prolonged Hyperglycemia. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2391-2405. [PMID: 28368536 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the epigenetic landscape of cardiomyocytes exposed to elevated glucose levels. High glucose (30 mM) for 72 hours determined some epigenetic changes in mouse HL-1 and rat differentiated H9C2 cardiomyocytes including upregulation of class I and III histone deacetylase protein levels and activity, inhibition of histone acetylase p300 activity, increase in histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, and reduction in H3 lysine 9 acetylation. Gene expression analysis focused on cardiotoxicity revealed that high glucose induced markers associated with tissue damage, fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling such as Nexilin (NEXN), versican, cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate-responsive element modulator (CREM), and adrenoceptor α2A (ADRA2). Notably, the transcription factor CREM was found to be important in the regulation of cardiotoxicity-associated genes as assessed by specific small interfering RNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. In CD1 mice, made hyperglycemic by streptozotoicin (STZ) injection, cardiac structural alterations were evident at 6 months after STZ treatment and were associated with a significant increase of H3 lysine 27 trimethylation and reduction of H3 lysine 9 acetylation. Consistently, NEXN, CREM, and ADRA2 expression was significantly induced at the RNA and protein levels. Confocal microscopy analysis of NEXN localization showed this protein irregularly distributed along the sarcomeres in the heart of hyperglycemic mice. This evidence suggested a structural alteration of cardiac Z-disk with potential consequences on contractility. In conclusion, high glucose may alter the epigenetic landscape of cardiac cells. Sildenafil, restoring guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate levels, counteracted the increase of CREM and NEXN, providing a protective effect in the presence of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saviana A Barbati
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Colussi
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Bacci
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Aiello
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Re
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Department of Histopathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Medicine Clinic III, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Medicine Clinic III, Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simona Nanni
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Università Cattolica di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a common neoplasm, and metastatic PC remains incurable. The study aims to screen key microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TFs) involved in PC.The miRNA expression profile dataset (GSE45604) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 50 PC and 10 normal specimens. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified through limma package in R, and DEmiRNA-DEmiRNA co-regulation network was constructed based on the number of co-regulated target genes. Functional enrichment analysis of co-regulated target genes was performed using clusterProfiler package in R, and miRNA interactions sharing at least 1 functional term were used to construct a DEmiRNA-DEmiRNA functional synergistic network (MFSN). Based on Transcriptional Regulatory Element Database, cancer-related TFs which were co-regulated by DEmiRNAs were utilized to construct a DEmiRNA-TF regulation network.A total of 66 DEmiRNAs were identified, including 7 up-regulated miRNAs with 18,642 target genes and 59 down-regulated miRNAs with 130,694 target genes. Then, the DEmiRNA-DEmiRNA co-regulation network was constructed, including 66 DEmiRNAs and 2024 co-regulation relationships. In MFSN, hsa-miR-1184, hsa-miR-1207-5p, and hsa-miR-24 had significant functional synergistic relationships. The DEmiRNA-TF network contained 6 up-regulated DEmiRNAs and 4 of them were highlighted, as hsa-miR-1184, hsa-miR-1207-5p, hsa-miR-182, and hsa-miR-183. In subnetwork of the 4 miRNAs, peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, alpha (PPARA) and cyclic AMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) were the critical regulated TFs.Four up-regulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-1207-5p, hsa-miR-1184, hsa-miR-182, and hsa-miR-183) and 2 TFs (PPARA and CREM) were identified as key regulators in PC progression. The above 4 miRNAs might participate in PC progression by targeting PPARA and CREM.
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Guo Q, Chen XY, Su Y. [Interleukin-2 signaling pathway regulating molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2016; 48:1100-1104. [PMID: 27987522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease, which characterized by complex immunological abnormalities and multiple tissue and organ damages. The etiology and pathogenesis of SLE have not been entirely recognized. Genetic, environmental and viral infections and other factors might be related to the pathogenetic mechanisms of SLE. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a critical cytokine produced by T cells upon activation and is important for the generation of T regulatory cells and activation-induced cell death. In SLE patients, T cells display decreased capacity to produce IL-2. Impaired IL-2 expression resulted in decreased generation of regulatory T lymphocytes, and defect of activation-induced cell death. Former researches indicated that IL-2 deficiency in SLE is important for the pathogenesis and treatment of SLE. Several regulating molecules can affect the transcription of IL-2 gene and had an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. These molecules include cyclic AMP-responsive element modulator (CREM), protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), E-74 like factor 1 (Elf-1), B lymphocyte induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) and interferon regulator factor 5 (IRF-5). CREM is a transcriptional inhibitor that can repress the transcription of the IL-2 gene by binding to the promoter of the IL-2 gene. PP2A is a Ser/Thr phosphatase that expressed in eukaryotic cells ubiquitously, it represents a negative regulator of the IL-2 gene promoter activity. Elf-1 belongs to the Ets family of transcription factors and can promote the expression of IL-2. Blimp-1 is a crucial transcription factors for regulating B lymphocyte terminal differentiation, an important function of Blimp-1 in T cells is to repress IL-2 gene transcription directly. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are distinctive transcriptional regulators of type I interferons (IFNs) and IFN inducible genes, IRF-5 is a member of the IRFs family. IRF-5 is found to be increased in SLE and can regulate the production of IL-2 negatively. PP2A can inhibit the synthesis of IL-2 in two ways: on the one hand, activating the IL-2 transcription inhibitory factor CREMα, on the other hand, inhibiting IL-2 stimulating transcription factor Elf-1. While IRF-5 can activate the IL-2 transcription negative regulator Blimp-1 as to inhibit IL-2 expression. These molecules participate in the regulation of IL-2 through different pathways. This paper reviews the current knowledge of IL-2 signaling pathway regulating molecules in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Y Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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17
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Zouidi F, Bouzid D, Fourati H, Fakhfakh R, Kammoun T, Hachicha M, Penha-Gonçalves C, Masmoudi H. CREM variant rs17583959 conferred susceptibility to T1D risk in the Tunisian families. Immunol Lett 2016; 181:1-5. [PMID: 27840176 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells by autoreactive T cells. Studies in animal models, such as the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse reveal that this disease is under the control of several genes that encode molecules implicated in regulation of transcription factors and in T cell activation. In order to underline the role of the genes involved in this regulation pathways, we investigated, using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform, 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) belonging to CREM, IRF5, STAT4, and STAT5a/b genes in 59 T1D Tunisian families. In the current study, we identified an association with rs17583959 (allele G; Z score=2.27; p=0.02; Genotype GG: score=1.96; p=0.04) of CREM gene. In LD analysis a strong LD between the 3 CREM variants (Block 1) was detected; rs2384352 was in complete LD with rs1148247. When haplotypes were constructed between CREM polymorphisms (rs1148247, rs17583959, rs2384352), AGA haplotype (H2) was significantly over-transmitted from parents to affected offspring (Z score=2.988; P=0.002) and may confer a risk for T1D disease. Whereas, AAG haplotype (H5) (Z score=-2.000; p=0.045) was less transmitted than expected to affected children suggesting its protective effect against T1D pathology. No significant association in IRF5, STAT4, and STAT5a/b genes were observed. In conclusion, this study shows an eventually involvement of CREM gene in the development of T1D pathology in Tunisian families. These facts are consistent with a major role for transcription factor genes involved in the immune pathways in the control of autoimmunity. Further researches of association and functional analysis across populations are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferjani Zouidi
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisie.
| | - D Bouzid
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisie
| | - H Fourati
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisie
| | - R Fakhfakh
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisie
| | - T Kammoun
- Pediatric Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - M Hachicha
- Pediatric Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisie
| | | | - H Masmoudi
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisie
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Kistler WS, Baas D, Lemeille S, Paschaki M, Seguin-Estevez Q, Barras E, Ma W, Duteyrat JL, Morlé L, Durand B, Reith W. RFX2 Is a Major Transcriptional Regulator of Spermiogenesis. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005368. [PMID: 26162102 PMCID: PMC4498915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis consists broadly of three phases: proliferation of diploid germ cells, meiosis, and finally extensive differentiation of the haploid cells into effective delivery vehicles for the paternal genome. Despite detailed characterization of many haploid developmental steps leading to sperm, only fragmentary information exists on the control of gene expression underlying these processes. Here we report that the RFX2 transcription factor is a master regulator of genes required for the haploid phase. A targeted mutation of Rfx2 was created in mice. Rfx2-/- mice are perfectly viable but show complete male sterility. Spermatogenesis appears to progress unperturbed through meiosis. However, haploid cells undergo a complete arrest in spermatid development just prior to spermatid elongation. Arrested cells show altered Golgi apparatus organization, leading to a deficit in the generation of a spreading acrosomal cap from proacrosomal vesicles. Arrested cells ultimately merge to form giant multinucleated cells released to the epididymis. Spermatids also completely fail to form the flagellar axoneme. RNA-Seq analysis and ChIP-Seq analysis identified 139 genes directly controlled by RFX2 during spermiogenesis. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes required for cilium function are specifically enriched in down- and upregulated genes showing that RFX2 allows precise temporal expression of ciliary genes. Several genes required for cell adhesion and cytoskeleton remodeling are also downregulated. Comparison of RFX2-regulated genes with those controlled by other major transcriptional regulators of spermiogenesis showed that each controls independent gene sets. Altogether, these observations show that RFX2 plays a major and specific function in spermiogenesis. Failure of spermatogenesis, which is presumed to often result from genetic defects, is a common cause of male sterility. Although numerous genes associated with defects in male spermatogenesis have been identified, numerous cases of genetic male infertility remain unelucidated. We report here that the transcription factor RFX2 is a master regulator of gene expression programs required for progression through the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. Male RFX2-deficient mice are completely sterile. Spermatogenesis progresses through meiosis, but haploid cells undergo a complete block in development just prior to spermatid elongation. Gene expression profiling and ChIP-Seq analysis revealed that RFX2 controls key pathways implicated in cilium/flagellum formation, as well as genes implicated in microtubule and vesicle associated transport. The set of genes activated by RFX2 in spermatids exhibits virtually no overlap with those controlled by other known transcriptional regulators of spermiogenesis, establishing RFX2 as an essential new player in this developmental process. RFX2-deficient mice should therefore represent a valuable new model for deciphering the regulatory networks that direct sperm formation, and thereby contribute to the identification of causes of human male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Stephen Kistler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WSK); (BD)
| | - Dominique Baas
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Lemeille
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Paschaki
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Queralt Seguin-Estevez
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuèle Barras
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wenli Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jean-Luc Duteyrat
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Laurette Morlé
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Durand
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (WSK); (BD)
| | - Walter Reith
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lima GN, Maganhin CC, Simões RS, Baracat MCP, Sasso GRDS, Fuchs LFP, Simões MDJ, Baracat EC, Soares Júnior JM. Steroidogenesis-related gene expression in the rat ovary exposed to melatonin supplementation. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2015; 70:144-51. [PMID: 25789524 PMCID: PMC4351306 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2015(02)12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze steroidogenesis-related gene expression in the rat ovary exposed to melatonin supplementation. METHODS Thirty-two virgin adult female rats were randomized to two groups as follows: the control group GI received vehicle and the experimental group GII received melatonin supplementation (10 µg/night per animal) for 60 consecutive days. After the treatment, animals were anesthetized and the collected ovaries were immediately placed in liquid nitrogen for complementary deoxyribonucleic acid microarray analyses. A GeneChip(®) Kit Rat Genome 230 2.0 Affymetrix Array was used for gene analysis and the experiment was repeated three times for each group. The results were normalized with the GeneChip(®) Operating Software program and confirmed through analysis with the secondary deoxyribonucleic acid-Chip Analyzer (dChip) software. The data were confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Genes related to ovarian function were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found the upregulation of the type 9 adenylate cyclase and inhibin beta B genes and the downregulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element modulator and cytochrome P450 family 17a1 genes in the ovarian tissue of GII compared to those of the control group. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that melatonin supplementation decreases gene expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which changes ovarian steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Negro Lima
- Department of Gynecology, Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Maganhin
- Department of Gynecology, Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santos Simões
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cândida Pinheiro Baracat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisela Rodrigues da Silva Sasso
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, (EPM/UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Portugal Fuchs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, (EPM/UNIFESP), Paulista School of Medicine at Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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20
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Ella E, Heim D, Stoyanov E, Harari-Steinfeld R, Steinfeld I, Pappo O, Perlman TS, Nachmansson N, Rivkin L, Olam D, Abramovitch R, Wege H, Galun E, Goldenberg D. Specific genomic and transcriptomic aberrations in tumors induced by partial hepatectomy of a chronically inflamed murine liver. Oncotarget 2014; 5:10318-31. [PMID: 25401338 PMCID: PMC4279375 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors by partial hepatectomy (PHx) is associated with promoting hepatocarcinogenesis. We have previously reported that PHx promotes hepatocarcinogenesis in the Mdr2-knockout (Mdr2-KO) mouse, a model for inflammation-mediated HCC. Now, to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor-promoting effect of PHx, we compared genomic and transcriptomic profiles of HCC tumors developing in the Mdr2-KO mice either spontaneously or following PHx. PHx accelerated HCC development in these mice by four months. PHx-induced tumors had major chromosomal aberrations: all were amplifications affecting multiple chromosomes. Most of these amplifications were located near the acrocentric centromeres of murine chromosomes. Four different chromosomal regions were amplified each in at least three tumors. The human orthologs of these common amplified regions are known to be amplified in HCC. All tumors of untreated mice had chromosomal aberrations, including both deletions and amplifications. Amplifications in spontaneous tumors affected fewer chromosomes and were not located preferentially at the chromosomal edges. Comparison of gene expression profiles revealed a significantly enriched expression of oncogenes, chromosomal instability markers and E2F1 targets in the post-PHx compared to spontaneous tumors. Both tumor groups shared the same frequent amplification at chromosome 18. Here, we revealed that one of the regulatory genes encoded by this amplified region, Crem, was over-expressed in the nuclei of murine and human HCC cells in vivo, and that it stimulated proliferation of human HCC cells in vitro. Our results demonstrate that PHx of a chronically inflamed liver directed tumor development to a discrete pathway characterized by amplification of specific chromosomal regions and expression of specific tumor-promoting genes. Crem is a new candidate HCC oncogene frequently amplified in this model and frequently over-expressed in human HCC.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator/genetics
- Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- E2F1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- E2F1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Gene Amplification
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hepatectomy
- Hepatitis, Chronic/genetics
- Hepatitis, Chronic/surgery
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/surgery
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Postoperative Complications/genetics
- Up-Regulation
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Ella
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Denise Heim
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Stoyanov
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rona Harari-Steinfeld
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Israel Steinfeld
- Computer Science Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orit Pappo
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Temima Schnitzer Perlman
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Natalie Nachmansson
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Laboratory, Human Biology Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ludmila Rivkin
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Devorah Olam
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Laboratory, Human Biology Research Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Henning Wege
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Goldenberg
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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21
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Inada A, Inada O, Fujii NL, Fujishima K, Inai T, Fujii H, Sueishi K, Kurachi K. β-cell induction in vivo in severely diabetic male mice by changing the circulating levels and pattern of the ratios of estradiol to androgens. Endocrinology 2014; 155:3829-42. [PMID: 25057794 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have generated transgenic (Tg) mice developing severe diabetes early in life with a profound depletion of β-cells with β-cell-directed expression of inducible cAMP early repressor-Iγ. Only male mice continue to demonstrate hyperglycemia throughout life. To investigate this sexual dimorphism, we treated severely diabetic male Tg mice with orchiectomy (ORX) or 17β-estradiol (E2) pellet implantation alone or in combination with ORX and E2-implantation to change the circulating levels and patterns of the ratio of estradiol to androgens. In the Tg-ORX group, the blood-glucose levels decreased to a certain level within several weeks but never reached the female Tg-control level. In contrast, the Tg-ORX+E2 or Tg-E2 group showed a more rapid drop in blood glucose to the basal level with a substantial increase in β-cells, thus preventing the occurrence of severe diabetes in the male mice. The β-cells, not only within islet but also in and adjacent to ducts and scattered β-cell clusters, were strongly induced by 1 week after treatment, and the islet morphology dramatically changed. Enhanced β-cell induction in the ducts occurred concomitantly with markedly increased levels of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 and related transcription factors. The glucose-lowering and β-cell-increasing effects were independent of the age at which the treatment is started. These data provide evidence that the circulating level of E2 and the ratio of E2 to T greatly affect the blood glucose levels, the β-cell induction, and the islet morphology in diabetic male Tg mice. This novel mechanism offers great potential for developing strategies to increase the number of β-cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Inada
- Departments of Diabetes and Genes and Advanced Medical Initiatives (A.I., O.I., K.F.), Developmental Molecular Anatomy (T.I.), and Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology (HY.F., K.S.), and Medical Institute of Bioregulation (K.K.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; and Department of Health Promotion Sciences (N.L.F.), Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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22
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Dvorakova-Hortova K, Sidlova A, Ded L, Hladovcova D, Vieweg M, Weidner W, Steger K, Stopka P, Paradowska-Dogan A. Toxoplasma gondii decreases the reproductive fitness in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96770. [PMID: 24940596 PMCID: PMC4062421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a common protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals throughout the world, including mice and humans. During infection, both, the parasite and the host, utilize various mechanisms to maximize their own reproductive success. Mice and humans are both the intermediate hosts for Toxoplasma gondii, which forms specialized vacuoles containing reproductive cysts in the formers' tissue. As half of the human population is infected, developing a disease called toxoplasmosis, along with an ever-growing number of couples suffering with idiopathic infertility, it is therefore surprising that there is a lack of research on how Toxoplasma gondii can alter reproductive parameters. In this study, a detailed histometric screening of the testicular function along with the levels of the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) were analysed in infected mice. Data on relative testis and epididymis weight, and sperm count were also collected. Based on the results obtained, the level of LH in the urine of Toxoplasma gondii infected mice was lower compared to the control. In direct correlation with the hormone level, testicular function and sperm production was also significantly lower in Toxoplasma gondii positive group using sperm count and histometric analysis as a marker. Not only were the number of leptotene primary spermatocytes and spermatids lowered, but the number of Sertoli cells and the tubule diameter were elevated. In parallel, a pilot epigenetic study on global testicular methylation, and specific methylation of Crem, Creb1 and Hspa1genes essential for successfully ongoing spermatogenesis was performed. Global methylation was elevated in Toxoplasma infected mice, and differences in the DNA methylation of selected genes were detected between the Toxoplasma positive and control group. These findings demonstrate a direct relation between Toxoplasma gondii infection and the decrease of male reproductive fitness in mice, which may contribute to an increase of idiopathic infertility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Biocev Group, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Sidlova
- Biocev Group, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Ded
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Hladovcova
- Biocev Group, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Vieweg
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weidner
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus Steger
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Biocev Group, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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23
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Koga T, Hedrich CM, Mizui M, Yoshida N, Otomo K, Lieberman LA, Rauen T, Crispín JC, Tsokos GC. CaMK4-dependent activation of AKT/mTOR and CREM-α underlies autoimmunity-associated Th17 imbalance. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2234-45. [PMID: 24667640 DOI: 10.1172/jci73411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue inflammation in several autoimmune diseases, including SLE and MS, has been linked to an imbalance of IL-17-producing Th (Th17) cells and Tregs; however, the factors that promote Th17-driven autoimmunity are unclear. Here, we present evidence that the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMK4) is increased and required during Th17 cell differentiation. Isolation of naive T cells from a murine model of lupus revealed increased levels of CaMK4 following stimulation with Th17-inducing cytokines but not following Treg, Th1, or Th2 induction. Furthermore, naive T cells from mice lacking CaMK4 did not produce IL-17. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of CaMK4 decreased the frequency of IL-17-producing T cells and ameliorated EAE and lupus-like disease in murine models. Inhibition of CaMK4 reduced Il17 transcription through decreased activation of the cAMP response element modulator α (CREM-α) and reduced activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway, which is known to enhance Th17 differentiation. Importantly, silencing CaMK4 in T cells from patients with SLE and healthy individuals inhibited Th17 differentiation through reduction of IL17A and IL17F mRNA. Collectively, our results suggest that CaMK4 inhibition has potential as a therapeutic strategy for Th17-driven autoimmune diseases.
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24
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Abstract
Insulin production and secretion are temporally regulated. Keeping insulin secretion at rest after a rise of glucose prevents exhaustion and ultimately failure of β-cells. Among the mechanisms that reduce β-cell activity is the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER). ICER is an immediate early gene, which is rapidly induced by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling cascade. The seminal function of ICER is to negatively regulate the production and secretion of insulin by repressing the genes expression. This is part of adaptive response required for proper β-cells function in response to environmental factors. Inappropriate induction of ICER accounts for pancreatic β-cells dysfunction and ultimately death elicited by chronic hyperglycemia, fatty acids, and oxidized LDL. This review underlines the importance of balancing the negative regulation achieved by ICER for preserving β-cell function and survival in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salvi
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille 2 University, UMR 8199, 3508 Lille, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille 2 University, UMR 8199, 3508 Lille, France
- Faculty of Medicine West, 1 Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France
- *Amar Abderrahmani:
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25
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Mayr B, Buslei R, Theodoropoulou M, Stalla GK, Buchfelder M, Schöfl C. Molecular and functional properties of densely and sparsely granulated GH-producing pituitary adenomas. Eur J Endocrinol 2013; 169:391-400. [PMID: 23847328 DOI: 10.1530/eje-13-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GH-producing pituitary adenomas display two distinct morphological patterns of cytoplasmic GH-containing secretory granules, namely the densely and sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma subtype. It is unknown whether these morphological variants reflect distinct pathophysiological entities at the molecular level. METHODS In 28 GH-producing adenoma tissues from a consecutive set of patients undergoing pituitary surgery for acromegaly, we studied the GH granulation pattern, the expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR) as well as the calcium, cAMP and ZAC1 pathways in primary adenoma cell cultures. RESULTS The expression of GSP oncogene was similar between densely and sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma cells. There were no differences in the calcium, cAMP and ZAC1 pathways as well as in their regulation by SSTR agonists. SSTR2 was exclusively expressed in densely but not in sparsely granulated tumours (membrane expression 86 vs 0%; cytoplasmic expression 67 vs 0%). By contrast, expression of SSTR5 was only found in sparsely but not in densely granulated somatotroph adenomas (membrane expression 29 vs 0%; cytoplasmic expression 57 vs 0%). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that different granulation patterns in GH-producing adenomas do not reflect differences in pathways and factors pivotal for somatotroph differentiation and function. In vitro, the vast majority of both densely and sparsely granulated tumour cells were responsive to SSTR activation at the molecular level. Sparsely granulated adenomas lacking SSTR2, but expressing SSTR5, might be responsive to novel SSTR agonists with increased affinity to SSTR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Mayr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine I
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26
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Johnsen IB, Bergstroem B, Stiberg KA, Thommesen L, Anthonsen MW. Inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) is a novel regulator of RIG-I mediated IFN-β production. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1804-12. [PMID: 23707530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Antiviral responses can be triggered by the cytoplasmic RNA helicase RIG-I that binds to viral RNA. RIG-I-mediated signaling stimulates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB and their activation mechanisms have been intensively studied. Here we examined Sendai virus (SV)-mediated activation of the transcription factor CREB and the role of its feedback repressor ICER in production of endogenous antiviral proteins. We show that SV infection and the mitochondrial adapter protein MAVS promote CREB phosphorylation that is dependent upon p38 MAPK and MK2. ICER is induced by CREB and acts as a feedback repressor of CRE-dependent transcription. We found that SV infection stimulated induction of ICER mRNA and protein expression. Surprisingly, ectopic expression and siRNA-mediated knockdown of ICER revealed that ICER is a positive regulator of the production of antiviral IFN-β and IP10 during SV infection. In contrast, ICER did not affect SV-elicited phosphorylation of IRF3, NF-κB or ATF2/c-Jun, transcription factors governing IFN-β and IP10 synthesis. However, expression of ICER increased total IRF3 protein levels during SV infection. These results point to a novel role of ICER in antiviral immune signaling acting to increase levels of antiviral effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Bjellmo Johnsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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27
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Haefliger JA, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Caille D, Charollais A, Meda P, Allagnat F. Hyperglycemia downregulates Connexin36 in pancreatic islets via the upregulation of ICER-1/ICER-1γ. J Mol Endocrinol 2013; 51:49-58. [PMID: 23613279 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Channels formed by the gap junction protein Connexin36 (CX36) contribute to the proper control of insulin secretion. We previously demonstrated that chronic exposure to glucose decreases Cx36 levels in insulin-secreting cells in vitro. Here, we investigated whether hyperglycemia also regulates Cx36 in vivo. Using a model of continuous glucose infusion in adult rats, we showed that prolonged (24-48 h) hyperglycemia reduced the Cx36 gene Gjd2 mRNA levels in pancreatic islets. Accordingly, prolonged exposure to high glucose concentrations also reduced the expression and function of Cx36 in the rat insulin-producing INS-1E cell line. The glucose effect was blocked after inhibition of the cAMP/PKA pathway and was associated with an overexpression of the inducible cAMP early repressor ICER-1/ICER-1γ, which binds to a functional cAMP-response element in the promoter of the Cx36 gene Gjd2. The involvement of this repressor was further demonstrated using an antisense strategy of ICER-1 inhibition, which prevented glucose-induced downregulation of Cx36. The data indicate that chronic exposure to glucose alters the in vivo expression of Cx36 by the insulin-producing β-cells through ICER-1/ICER-1γ overexpression. This mechanism may contribute to the reduced glucose sensitivity and altered insulin secretion, which contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques-Antoine Haefliger
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Physiology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zmrzljak UP, Korenčič A, Košir R, Goličnik M, Sassone-Corsi P, Rozman D. Inducible cAMP early repressor regulates the Period 1 gene of the hepatic and adrenal clocks. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:10318-10327. [PMID: 23443664 PMCID: PMC3624415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.445692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Light, restricted feeding, and hormonal inputs may operate as time givers (zeitgebers) for the circadian clock within peripheral organs through the activation of tissue-specific signaling cascades. cAMP signaling through CREM (cAMP-responsive element modulator) and its variant ICER (inducible cAMP early repressor) is linked to the circadian regulation of pineal melatonin synthesis, although little is known about its influence in other organs. We performed experiments in the absence of light and feeding-time cues to test which core clock genes are controlled by CREM/ICER in the liver and adrenal gland. In vivo, Crem loss-of-function mutation resulted in fine-tuning of all measured adrenal clock genes (Per1/2/3, Cry1/2, Bmal1, and Rev-erbα), whereas only Per1 and Cry1 were affected in the liver. Icer expression was circadian in the adrenal gland, with peak gene expression at zeitgeber 12 and the highest protein levels at zeitgeber ∼20. The expression of both Icer and Per1 genes responded to cAMP stimuli in an immediate-early fashion. In immortal cells, forskolin induced expression of Per1 after 2 h, and de novo protein synthesis led to Per1 attenuation. We show that the de novo synthesized protein responsible for Per1 attenuation is ICER. Indeed, Per1 expression is up-regulated in cells ectopically expressing antisense Icer, and mobility shift experiments identified ICER binding to cAMP-responsive elements of the Per1 promoter. We propose that ICER acts as a noise filter for different signals that could affect transcription in the adrenal gland. Because ICER is an immediate-early repressor, the circadian nature of adrenal Icer expression could serve a role in a time-dependent gating mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak
- From the Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Korenčič
- From the Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Košir
- From the Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- DiaGenomi Limited, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and
| | - Marko Goličnik
- From the Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 02607
| | - Damjana Rozman
- From the Center for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Chiappini F, Ramadoss P, Vella KR, Cunha LL, Ye FD, Stuart RC, Nillni EA, Hollenberg AN. Family members CREB and CREM control thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) expression in the hypothalamus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 365:84-94. [PMID: 23000398 PMCID: PMC3572472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is regulated by thyroid hormone (TH). cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) has also been postulated to regulate TRH expression but its interaction with TH signaling in vivo is not known. To evaluate the role of CREB in TRH regulation in vivo, we deleted CREB from PVN neurons to generate the CREB1(ΔSIM1) mouse. As previously shown, loss of CREB was compensated for by an up-regulation of CREM in euthyroid CREB1(ΔSIM1) mice but TSH, T₄ and T₃ levels were normal, even though TRH mRNA levels were elevated. Interestingly, TRH mRNA expression was also increased in the PVN of CREB1(ΔSIM1) mice in the hypothyroid state but became normal when made hyperthyroid. Importantly, CREM levels were similar in CREB1(ΔSIM1) mice regardless of thyroid status, demonstrating that the regulation of TRH by T₃ in vivo likely occurs independently of the CREB/CREM family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Chiappini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Franck Chiappini or Dr. Anthony Hollenberg, MD, 330 Brookline Avenue, E/CLS 0728, MA, 02215. Tel: 617-735-3268. Fax: 617-735-3323; ,
| | - Preeti Ramadoss
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
| | - Kristen R. Vella
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
| | - Lucas L. Cunha
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
| | - Felix D. Ye
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
| | - Ronald C. Stuart
- Division of Endocrinology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903. ;
| | - Eduardo A. Nillni
- Division of Endocrinology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903. ;
| | - Anthony N. Hollenberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School. Center of Life Science, Boston, MA, 02115. ; ; ; ; ;
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Franck Chiappini or Dr. Anthony Hollenberg, MD, 330 Brookline Avenue, E/CLS 0728, MA, 02215. Tel: 617-735-3268. Fax: 617-735-3323; ,
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Kim W, Kim SH, Park SK, Chang MS. Astragalus membranaceus ameliorates reproductive toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in male mice. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1418-21. [PMID: 22674751 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The root of Astragalus membranaceus B(UNGE) (AM) is a medicinal herb that has been capable of reducing the adverse effects of conventional chemotherapy. To investigate the effects of AM on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced reproductive toxicity in mouse testes, 5-week-old male imprinting control region mice were divided into five groups; CP was treated on the first day of each week for 5 weeks (100 mg/kg, i.p.), and AM was treated for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, the testes were taken out, cleared of the adhering tissues, and weighed. Epididymis was taken out and used for sperm analysis. Testis samples were frozen for real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. AM treatment increased diminished relative testes weight, and sperm count and motility in mice treated with CP. CP treatment has detrimental effects on the expression of cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM), a transcription factor that is highly expressed in male germ cells and is crucial to post-meiotic germ cell differentiation. AM restored CREM at both the mRNA and protein levels. AM has beneficial influences and appears able to ameliorate relative testes weight, sperm parameters, and CREM expression against CP-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonnam Kim
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
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Kim SW, Yoo SH, Lee HJ, Kim K, Kim DR, Park SK, Chang MS. Cistanches herba induces testis cytotoxicity in male mice. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 88:112-117. [PMID: 22002114 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Cistanches herba (CH) on the male reproductive system in mice, assessing CREM gene expression and spermatogenesis. Our results demonstrate that CH treatment lead to a significant decrease in sperm count dose-dependently, 298.3 ± 48.9 vs. 296.6 ± 102.4 (250 mg/kg), 236.7 ± 75.1 (500 mg/kg), 223.0 ± 48.7 × 10(6) (1000 mg/kg), respectively. Additionally, serum testosterone levels decreased following CH treatment to as low as ~57% compared with the vehicle-treated group. CREM gene expression was also down-regulated following CH treatment and histological examination of the testicular seminiferous tubules showed severe damage on CH treatment. These results suggest that CH induces cytotoxicity in the male reproductive system, through the inhibition of spermatogenesis, testicular damage, and limited hormonal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- San Woong Kim
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder yet no treatments aimed at preventing epilepsy have been developed. Several molecules including genes containing cAMP response elements (CREs) in their promoters have been identified that contribute to the development of epilepsy, a process called epileptogenesis. When phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) increases transcription from CRE regulated promoters. CREB phosphorylation is increased in rodent epilepsy models, and in the seizure onset region of humans with medically intractable epilepsy (Rakhade et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2007; Lund et al., 2008). Here we show that mice with decreased CREB levels (CREB(α∆) mutants) have a ~50% reduction in spontaneous seizures following pilocarpine induced status epilepticus (SE) and require more stimulation to electrically kindle. Following SE, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) mRNAs are differentially up-regulated in the hippocampus and cortex of the CREB(α∆) mutants compared to wild-type mice, which may be contributing to differences in the severity of epilepsy. In contrast, we found no difference in KCC2 mRNA levels between the CREB(α∆) and wild-type mice after SE. The mechanism by which BDNF and ICER mRNAs increase specifically in the CREB(α∆) compared to wild-type mice following SE is not known. We did, however, find an increase in specific cAMP response element modulator (CREM) mRNA transcripts in the CREB(α∆) mutants that might be responsible for the differential regulation of BDNF and ICER after SE. Altering CREB activity following a neurologic insult provides a therapeutic strategy for modifying epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Zhu
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology
| | - Xiao Han
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology
| | - Julie A. Blendy
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pharmacology, TRL Building, 125 S. 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403,
| | - Brenda E. Porter
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Neurology and Pediatrics
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Rauen T, Hedrich CM, Juang YT, Tenbrock K, Tsokos GC. cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)α protein induces interleukin 17A expression and mediates epigenetic alterations at the interleukin-17A gene locus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43437-46. [PMID: 22025620 PMCID: PMC3234851 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.299313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced by specialized T helper cells and contributes to the development of several autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Transcription factor cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)α displays increased expression levels in T cells from SLE patients and has been described to account for aberrant T cell function in SLE pathogenesis. In this report, we provide evidence that CREMα physically binds to a cAMP-responsive element, CRE (-111/-104), within the proximal human IL17A promoter and increases its activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that activated naïve CD4(+) T cells as well as T cells from SLE patients display increased CREMα binding to this site compared with T cells from healthy controls. The histone H3 modification pattern at the CRE site (-111/-104) and neighboring conserved noncoding sequences within the human IL17A gene locus suggests an accessible chromatin structure (H3K27 hypomethylation/H3K18 hyperacetylation) in activated naïve CD4(+) T cells and SLE T cells. H3K27 hypomethylation is accompanied by decreased cytosine phosphate guanosine (CpG)-DNA methylation in these regions in SLE T cells. Decreased recruitment of histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)3a to the CRE site (-111/-104) probably accounts for the observed epigenetic alterations. Reporter studies confirmed that DNA methylation of the IL17A promoter indeed abrogates its inducibility. Our findings demonstrate an extended role for CREMα in the immunopathogenesis of SLE because it contributes to increased expression of IL-17A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rauen
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- the Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH University of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany, and
| | - Christian M. Hedrich
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Yuang-Taung Juang
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Klaus Tenbrock
- the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergology and Immunology, RWTH University of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - George C. Tsokos
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Hedrich CM, Rauen T, Tsokos GC. cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)α protein signaling mediates epigenetic remodeling of the human interleukin-2 gene: implications in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43429-36. [PMID: 21976679 PMCID: PMC3234875 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.299339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-2 is a key cytokine during proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes and functions as an auto- and paracrine growth factor. Regardless of activating effects on T lymphocytes, the absence of IL-2 has been linked to the development of autoimmune pathology in mice and humans. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease and characterized by dysregulation of lymphocyte function, transcription factor and cytokine expression, and antigen presentation. Reduced IL-2 expression is a hallmark of SLE T lymphocytes and results in decreased numbers of regulatory T lymphocytes which play an important role in preventing autoimmunity. Reduced IL-2 expression was linked to overproduction of the transcription regulatory factor cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)α in SLE T lymphocytes and subsequent CREMα binding to a CRE site within the IL2 promoter (-180 CRE). In this study, we demonstrate the involvement of CREMα-mediated IL2 silencing in T lymphocytes from SLE patients through a gene-wide histone deacetylase 1-directed deacetylation of histone H3K18 and DNA methyltransferase 3a-directed cytosine phosphate guanosine (CpG)-DNA hypermethylation. For the first time, we provide direct evidence that CREMα mediates silencing of the IL2 gene in SLE T cells though histone deacetylation and CpG-DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M. Hedrich
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Thomas Rauen
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
- the Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH University of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - George C. Tsokos
- From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
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Favre D, Le Gouill E, Fahmi D, Verdumo C, Chinetti-Gbaguidi G, Staels B, Caiazzo R, Pattou F, Lê KA, Tappy L, Regazzi R, Giusti V, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Abderrahmani A. Impaired expression of the inducible cAMP early repressor accounts for sustained adipose CREB activity in obesity. Diabetes 2011; 60:3169-74. [PMID: 21998402 PMCID: PMC3219947 DOI: 10.2337/db10-1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increase in adipose cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) activity promotes adipocyte dysfunction and systemic insulin resistance in obese mice. This is achieved by increasing the expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). In this study, we investigated whether impaired expression of the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), a transcriptional antagonist of CREB, is responsible for the increased CREB activity in adipocytes of obese mice and humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Total RNA and nuclear proteins were prepared from visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of human nonobese or obese subjects and white adipose tissue (WAT) of C57Bl6-Rj mice that were fed with normal or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. The expression of genes was monitored by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and electromobility shift assays. RNA interference was used to silence the expression of Icer. RESULTS The expression of Icer/ICER was reduced in VAT and WAT of obese humans and mice, respectively. Diminution of Icer/ICER was restricted to adipocytes and was accompanied by a rise of Atf3/ATF3 and diminution of Adipoq/ADIPOQ and Glut4/GLUT4. Silencing the expression of Icer in 3T3-L1 adipocytes mimicked the results observed in human and mice cells and hampered glucose uptake, thus confirming the requirement of Icer for appropriate adipocyte function. CONCLUSIONS Impaired expression of ICER contributes to elevation in CREB target genes and, therefore, to the development of insulin resistance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Favre
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Le Gouill
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Fahmi
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Verdumo
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Chinetti-Gbaguidi
- University of Lille Nord de France, INSERM UMR1011, UDSL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille Nord de France, INSERM UMR1011, UDSL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Robert Caiazzo
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Lille University Hospital, INSERM UMR 859, Biotherapies for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille University, Lille, France
| | - François Pattou
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Lille University Hospital, INSERM UMR 859, Biotherapies for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Kim-Anne Lê
- Childhood Obesity Research Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vittorio Giusti
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Lille Nord de France, CNRS UMR-8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
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Favre D, Niederhauser G, Fahmi D, Plaisance V, Brajkovic S, Beeler N, Allagnat F, Haefliger JA, Regazzi R, Waeber G, Abderrahmani A. Role for inducible cAMP early repressor in promoting pancreatic beta cell dysfunction evoked by oxidative stress in human and rat islets. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2337-46. [PMID: 21547497 PMCID: PMC3149674 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Pro-atherogenic and pro-oxidant, oxidised LDL trigger adverse effects on pancreatic beta cells, possibly contributing to diabetes progression. Because oxidised LDL diminish the expression of genes regulated by the inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), we investigated the involvement of this transcription factor and of oxidative stress in beta cell failure elicited by oxidised LDL. METHODS Isolated human and rat islets, and insulin-secreting cells were cultured with human native or oxidised LDL or with hydrogen peroxide. The expression of genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. Insulin secretion was monitored by EIA kit. Cell apoptosis was determined by scoring cells displaying pycnotic nuclei. RESULTS Exposure of beta cell lines and islets to oxidised LDL, but not to native LDL raised the abundance of ICER. Induction of this repressor by the modified LDL compromised the expression of important beta cell genes, including insulin and anti-apoptotic islet brain 1, as well as of genes coding for key components of the secretory machinery. This led to hampering of insulin production and secretion, and of cell survival. Silencing of this transcription factor by RNA interference restored the expression of its target genes and alleviated beta cell dysfunction and death triggered by oxidised LDL. Induction of ICER was stimulated by oxidative stress, whereas antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine or HDL prevented the rise of ICER elicited by oxidised LDL and restored beta cell functions. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Induction of ICER links oxidative stress to beta cell failure caused by oxidised LDL and can be effectively abrogated by antioxidant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Favre
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Niederhauser
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D. Fahmi
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - V. Plaisance
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S. Brajkovic
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N. Beeler
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Allagnat
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J. A. Haefliger
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R. Regazzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Abderrahmani
- Service of Internal Medicine, CHUV-Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- CNRS-UMR-8199, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Lille, France
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Han W, Takamatsu Y, Yamamoto H, Kasai S, Endo S, Shirao T, Kojima N, Ikeda K. Inhibitory role of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) in methamphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21637. [PMID: 21738744 PMCID: PMC3125264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The inducible cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) early repressor (ICER) is highly expressed in the central nervous system and functions as a repressor of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription. The present study sought to clarify the role of ICER in the effects of methamphetamine (METH). Methods and Findings We tested METH-induced locomotor sensitization in wildtype mice, ICER knockout mice, and ICER I-overexpressing mice. Both ICER wildtype mice and knockout mice displayed increased locomotor activity after continuous injections of METH. However, ICER knockout mice displayed a tendency toward higher locomotor activity compared with wildtype mice, although no significant difference was observed between the two genotypes. Moreover, compared with wildtype mice, ICER I-overexpressing mice displayed a significant decrease in METH-induced locomotor sensitization. Furthermore, Western blot analysis and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that ICER overexpression abolished the METH-induced increase in CREB expression and repressed cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and prodynorphin (Pdyn) expression in mice. The decreased CART and Pdyn mRNA expression levels in vivo may underlie the inhibitory role of ICER in METH-induced locomotor sensitization. Conclusions Our data suggest that ICER plays an inhibitory role in METH-induced locomotor sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Han
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Takamatsu
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideko Yamamoto
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kasai
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Endo
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shirao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kojima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Emotion, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Han W, Takamatsu Y, Kasai S, Endo S, Shirao T, Kojima N, Ikeda K. Reduced locomotor sensitization induced by methamphetamine and altered gene expression in ICER overexpressing mice. Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi 2011; 31:79-80. [PMID: 21618901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Han
- Research Project for Addictive Substances, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
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Bird AD, Flecknoe SJ, Tan KH, Olsson PF, Antony N, Mantamadiotis T, Mollard R, Hooper SB, Cole TJ. cAMP response element binding protein is required for differentiation of respiratory epithelium during murine development. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17843. [PMID: 21408140 PMCID: PMC3050929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cAMP response element binding protein 1 (Creb1) transcription factor regulates cellular gene expression in response to elevated levels of intracellular cAMP. Creb1−/− fetal mice are phenotypically smaller than wildtype littermates, predominantly die in utero and do not survive after birth due to respiratory failure. We have further investigated the respiratory defect of Creb1−/− fetal mice during development. Lungs of Creb1−/− fetal mice were pale in colour and smaller than wildtype controls in proportion to their reduced body size. Creb1−/− lungs also did not mature morphologically beyond E16.5 with little or no expansion of airway luminal spaces, a phenotype also observed with the Creb1−/− lung on a Crem−/− genetic background. Creb1 was highly expressed throughout the lung at all stages examined, however activation of Creb1 was detected primarily in distal lung epithelium. Cell differentiation of E17.5 Creb1−/− lung distal epithelium was analysed by electron microscopy and showed markedly reduced numbers of type-I and type-II alveolar epithelial cells. Furthermore, immunomarkers for specific lineages of proximal epithelium including ciliated, non-ciliated (Clara), and neuroendocrine cells showed delayed onset of expression in the Creb1−/− lung. Finally, gene expression analyses of the E17.5 Creb1−/− lung using whole genome microarray and qPCR collectively identified respiratory marker gene profiles and provide potential novel Creb1-regulated genes. Together, these results demonstrate a crucial role for Creb1 activity for the development and differentiation of the conducting and distal lung epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daniel Bird
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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Yang AJ, Li CC, Lu CY, Liu KL, Tsai CW, Lii CK, Chen HW. Activation of the cAMP/CREB/inducible cAMP early repressor pathway suppresses andrographolide-induced gene expression of the pi class of glutathione S-transferase in rat primary hepatocytes. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:1993-2000. [PMID: 20063885 DOI: 10.1021/jf902221j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide (Ap) is a bioactive compound in Andrographis paniculata that is a Chinese herb. The pi class of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP) is one kind of phase II detoxification enzyme. Here we show that induction of GSTP protein and mRNA expression in rat primary hepatocytes by Ap was inhibited by forskolin and a variety of cAMP analogues. The inhibitory effect of the cAMP analogues was partially blocked by pretreatment with H89. In the presence of Ap, forskolin, or both, the expression of phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was increased. Ap alone had no effect on inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) mRNA expression; however, Ap played a potentiating role in forskolin-induced ICER mRNA expression. An EMSA and immunoprecipitation assay showed that ICER binding to cAMP-response element (CRE) was increased in cells cotreated with Ap and forskolin for 3 and 8 h. Taken together, these results suggest that ICER is likely to be involved in the suppression of Ap-induced GSTP expression caused by the increase of cAMP in rat primary hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jen Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chen M, Wang R, Gan X, Lei A, Li C, Yu X, Huang J, Huang T, Liang W. Sequence and expression analysis of the gene encoding inducible cAMP early repressor in tilapia. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:2541-7. [PMID: 19728153 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization library was generated by comparison of cDNA populations isolated from peripheral leukocytes of pre- and post-immunized tilapia. One cDNA sequence encoding complete inducible cAMP early repressor was obtained from the library. The sequence was characterized by the presence of the basic structure of ICER IIgamma. Expression of ICER was in the tissues of four types of tilapia was decreased after infection with Streptococcus. After immunization, expression of ICER was initially decreased and then increased after 7 days. In addition, the order for the overall expression of ICER gene after infection and the increases of ICER expression later after immunization in these four types of tilapia was positively correlated to the disease resistance and productivity of these four species of tilapia. Our results provided molecular mechanisms for the different disease resistance capability in different species of tilapia. In addition, our results also provided reference molecular marker for breeding disease resistant tilapia, cAMP responsive element modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Melatonin synthesis in rodents is tightly regulated at the transcriptional level by stimulatory and inhibitory transcription factors. Among them, phosphorylated cAMP-related element binding protein (pCREB) and inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), a strong inhibitor of cAMP-related element-driven genes, have an antagonistic action in activating/inhibiting the transcription of the Aa-nat gene, which is an important enzyme in melatonin synthesis. In the Syrian hamster, a rodent displaying a seasonal control of reproduction, melatonin synthesis is strongly gated to the second part of the night. Indeed, exogenous adrenergic stimulation is unable to stimulate Aa-nat gene transcription and melatonin synthesis during daytime. In the present study, we investigated whether ICER may be the cause of this daytime repression by comparing the dynamic of ICER and the adrenergic regulation of two genes whose expression is rapidly activated by cAMP-dependant mechanisms, c-fos and Icer. Adrenergic induction of c-fos and Icer expression was not possible during daytime, except at early day. ICER immunoreactivity was elevated throughout the daily cycle but reached the highest levels at early day, when gene expression can be induced by adrenergic agonists. Additionally, CREB phosphorylation was subjected to the same daily gating with an adrenergic induction occurring in the early but not in the late day. Taken together, our results indicate that the diurnal gating of pineal activity in the Syrian hamster is not caused by the repressor ICER and that it may occur at the level of noradrenergic receptor signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Salingre
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Département de Neurobiologie des Rythmes, UMR CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, France
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Whatmore AJ, Patel L, Clayton PE. A pilot study to evaluate gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from children with GH deficiency and Turner syndrome in response to GH treatment. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 70:429-34. [PMID: 19018778 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Response to GH treatment is variable and dependent on diagnosis and dose. We used a pharmacogenomic approach to assess whether this variability is reflected in patterns of GH-induced gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) taken from three children with GH deficiency (GHD) and three girls with Turner syndrome (TS). Analysis of the response to GH treatment revealed that in GHD, 15 probe sets (11 genes) showed a fold change > +/- 1.4 at a P-value < 0.0005 (and a false detection rate <or= 15%). These genes included a suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS1) and a modulator of cAMP response elements (CREM). In marked contrast, in TS no genes fulfilled these criteria. ANOVA identified a subset of genes significantly affected by diagnosis, GH treatment or an interaction between diagnosis and treatment (P < 0.05, n = 2266). Cluster analysis indicated that genes up-regulated in both GHD and TS were related to DNA metabolism and transcription. Genes up-regulated in GHD but down-regulated in TS were involved in RNA processing and metabolism, whereas those down-regulated in GHD and up-regulated in TS were related to immune function. This pilot study has shown that major changes in gene expression in PBMCs can only be seen with confidence in GHD inferring that the pattern of gene expression in response to GH in GHD vs. TS is distinct and disease-specific. Further studies in larger cohorts will be required to evaluate whether GH-induced PBMCs gene expression patterns can predict responses to GH in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Whatmore
- Endocrine Sciences Research Group, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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Chandhoke TK, Huang YF, Liu F, Gronowicz GA, Adams DJ, Harrison JR, Kream BE. Osteopenia in transgenic mice with osteoblast-targeted expression of the inducible cAMP early repressor. Bone 2008; 43:101-109. [PMID: 18460422 PMCID: PMC2474743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ICER is a member of the CREM family of basic leucine zipper transcription factors that acts as a dominant negative regulator of gene transcription. Four different isoforms of ICER (I, Igamma, II and IIgamma) are transcribed from the P2 promoter of the Crem gene. We previously found that each of the ICER isoforms is induced by parathyroid hormone in osteoblasts. The goal of the present study was to assess the function of ICER in bone by overexpressing ICER in osteoblasts of transgenic mice. ICER I and ICER II cDNAs, each containing an N-terminal FLAG epitope tag, were cloned downstream of a fragment containing 3.6 kb of the rat Col1a1 promoter and most of the rat Col1a1 first intron to produce pOBCol3.6-ICER I and pOBCol3.6-ICER II transgenes, respectively. Multiple lines of mice were generated bearing the ICER I and ICER II transgenes. At 8 weeks of age, ICER I and ICER II transgenic mice had lower body weights and decreased bone mineral density of femurs and vertebrae. Further studies were done with ICER I transgenic mice, which had greatly reduced trabecular bone volume and a markedly decreased bone formation rate in femurs. Osteoblast differentiation and osteocalcin expression were reduced in ex vivo bone marrow cultures from ICER I transgenic mice. ICER I antagonized the activity of ATF4 at its consensus DNA binding site in the osteocalcin promoter in vitro. Thus, transgenic mice with osteoblast-targeted overexpression of ICER exhibited osteopenia caused primarily by reduced bone formation. We speculate that ICER regulates the activity and/or expression of ATF/CREB factors required for normal bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranpreet K Chandhoke
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Gloria A Gronowicz
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Douglas J Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - John R Harrison
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Barbara E Kream
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Abstract
The cAMP response element modulator gene (Crem) encodes a variety of transcriptional regulators including the inducible cAMP early repressor, ICER. We previously showed that Crem knockout mice, which are deficient in CREM and ICER factors, display slightly increased long bone mass and decreased osteoclast number. These data are consistent with the notion that Crem regulates bone mass in part through an effect on osteoclast formation and/or function. Since ICER is strongly induced by cAMP, we asked whether the calcium-regulating hormone calcitonin, which stimulates cAMP production and inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption, could induce ICER in osteoclasts. The monocytic cell line RAW264.7 was treated with receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) to induce osteoclast formation. Calcitonin caused a time- and dose-dependent induction of ICER mRNA and an increase in ICER protein abundance in RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells. Calcitonin also induced ICER mRNA and protein in osteoclasts derived from primary mouse bone marrow cell cultures. Calcitonin-treated osteoclasts showed immunoreactivity with an anti-CREM antibody. Calcitonin decreased the activity of wild-type and Crem knockout osteoclasts in vitro, and this inhibitory effect was greater in Crem knockout osteoclasts. Furthermore, calcitonin decreased calcitonin receptor mRNA expression in wildtype osteoclasts, but not in Crem knockout osteoclasts. These data suggest that calcitonin induction of ICER in osteoclasts might regulate osteoclast activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maobin Yang
- Department of Medicine, MC-1850, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06030, CT, USA.
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Wei SM, Yan ZZ, Zhou J. Role of cAMP-responsive element modulator-τ (CREMτ) in ipsilateral testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion. Fertil Steril 2008; 89:1737-42. [PMID: 17681298 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2007] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of cAMP-responsive element modulator-tau (CREMtau), an essential transcription factor for spermatogenesis, in ipsilateral testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion. DESIGN Controlled experimental study using rats. SETTING Research laboratory. ANIMAL(S) Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTION(S) Ten rats in the control group underwent a sham operation of the left testes. Ten rats in the torsion-detorsion group received 1 hour of left testicular torsion. Orchiectomy was performed on all rats 3 months after detorsion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Testicular spermatogenesis was evaluated by measuring testicular weight, mean seminiferous tubular diameter, number of germ cell layers, and mean testicular biopsy score. The expressions of CREMtau mRNA and protein in testes were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULT(S) Unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion caused significant spermatogenic damage in the ipsilateral testes, including reductions in testicular weight, mean seminiferous tubular diameter, number of germ cell layers, and mean testicular biopsy score. In ipsilateral testes with spermatogenic damage, the expressions of CREMtau mRNA and protein were also significantly reduced. CONCLUSION(S) Reduction in testicular CREMtau expression may be one of the mechanisms responsible for impairment of spermatogenesis in ipsilateral testes after unilateral testicular torsion-detorsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Wei
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Yang WM, Chang MS, Park SK. Effects of Psoralea corylifolia on the cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) expression and spermatogenesis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 117:503-506. [PMID: 18374528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Psoralea corylifolia (PC) is a medicinal herb used to improve male reproductive function in Korean traditional medicine. It has been used for treatment of male infertility including sexual dysfunction by improving kidney function. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the effect of PC on spermatogenesis, the cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) in rat testes was evaluated using sperm analysis, the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. PC was administered to 10-week-old male Wistar rats for 56 consecutive days, the sperm formation period of the rat. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The PC-treated rats had increased sperm counts with enhanced levels of CREM messenger RNA and protein, suggesting that PC induces spermatogenesis via CREM activation in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Misund K, Steigedal TS, Laegreid A, Thommesen L. Inducible cAMP early repressor splice variants ICER I and IIgamma both repress transcription of c-fos and chromogranin A. J Cell Biochem 2008; 101:1532-44. [PMID: 17340624 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) splice variants are generated upon activation of an alternative, intronic promoter within the CREM gene. ICER is proposed to downregulate both its own expression, and the expression of other genes, containing cAMP-responsive promoter elements. To examine the biological function of the two ICER splice variants, I and IIgamma, in comparable cellular systems, we generated HEK 293 cell variants with controllable overexpression of either ICER I or IIgamma. These two splice variants contain two different variants of DNA binding domains. Overexpression of either ICER I or IIgamma strongly represses CRE-driven reportergene transcription but not AP1- or NFkappaB-driven transcription. Thus, high specificity is maintained even at ICER overexpression. We here show that both ICER I and IIgamma repress Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-mediated c-fos mRNA induction with similar efficiency, indicating that both splice variants play an important role in modulating PACAP-mediated transcriptional activation of the c-fos gene. ICER I and IIgamma also repress cAMP-mediated activation of chromogranin A (CgA), indicating that these splice variants may function as negative feedback regulators in CgA synthesis. The proliferation rate was not altered in cells overexpressing ICER I or IIgamma. Thus, in the epithelial cells HEK 293, ICER I and IIgamma splice variants seem to exert similar biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Misund
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7489 Trondheim, Norway
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Porter BE, Lund IV, Varodayan FP, Wallace RW, Blendy JA. The role of transcription factors cyclic-AMP responsive element modulator (CREM) and inducible cyclic-AMP early repressor (ICER) in epileptogenesis. Neuroscience 2008; 152:829-36. [PMID: 18295410 PMCID: PMC2372160 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Revised: 10/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the brain that contribute to the development of epilepsy, also called epileptogenesis, are not well understood, which makes it difficult to develop strategies for preventing epilepsy. Here we have studied the role of the CRE binding transcription factors, cyclic-AMP responsive element modulator (CREM) and inducible cyclic-AMP early repressor (ICER), in the development of epilepsy following pilocarpine induced status epilepticus (SE) in mice. Following SE, ICER mRNA and protein are increased in neurons. The increase in ICER, however, is not necessary for neuronal injury following SE as pilocarpine treatment induces equivalent neuronal injury in pyramidal neurons of wild type and CREM/ICER null mice. Following SE, the CREM/ICER null mice develop a more severe epileptic phenotype experiencing approximately threefold more frequent spontaneous seizures. Together these data suggest that the increase in ICER mRNA following SE may have a role in suppressing the severity of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children' Hospital of Philadelphia at the University of Pennsylvania, 502C Abramson, 3516 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Klinger S, Poussin C, Debril MB, Dolci W, Halban PA, Thorens B. Increasing GLP-1-induced beta-cell proliferation by silencing the negative regulators of signaling cAMP response element modulator-alpha and DUSP14. Diabetes 2008; 57:584-93. [PMID: 18025410 DOI: 10.2337/db07-1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a growth and differentiation factor for mature beta-cells and their precursors. However, the overall effect of GLP-1 on increasing beta-cell mass in both in vivo and in vitro conditions is relatively small, and augmenting this effect would be beneficial for the treatment or prevention of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Here, we searched for cellular mechanisms that may limit the proliferative effect of GLP-1 and tested whether blocking them could increase beta-cell proliferation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined GLP-1-regulated genes in beta TC-Tet cells by cDNA microarrays. To assess the effect of some of these gene on cell proliferation, we reduced their expression using small heterogenous RNA in beta-cell lines and primary mouse islets and measured [(3)H]thymidine or 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. RESULTS We identified four negative regulators of intracellular signaling that were rapidly and strongly activated by GLP-1: the regulator of G-protein-signaling RGS2; the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) antagonists cAMP response element modulator (CREM)-alpha and ICERI; and the dual specificity phosphatase DUSP14, a negative regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. We show that knockdown of CREMalpha or DUSP14 or expression of a dominant-negative form of DUSP14 increased beta-cell line proliferation and enhanced the GLP-1-induced proliferation of primary beta-cells. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data show that 1) the cAMP/protein kinase A/CREB and MAPK/ERK1/2 pathways can additively control beta-cell proliferation, 2) beta-cells have evolved several mechanisms limiting GLP-1-induced cellular proliferation, and 3) blocking these mechanisms increases the positive effect of GLP-1 on beta-cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Klinger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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