1
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Saunders KO, Counts J, Thakur B, Stalls V, Edwards R, Manne K, Lu X, Mansouri K, Chen Y, Parks R, Barr M, Sutherland L, Bal J, Havill N, Chen H, Machiele E, Jamieson N, Hora B, Kopp M, Janowska K, Anasti K, Jiang C, Van Itallie E, Venkatayogi S, Eaton A, Henderson R, Barbosa C, Alam SM, Santra S, Weissman D, Moody MA, Cain DW, Tam YK, Lewis M, Williams WB, Wiehe K, Montefiori DC, Acharya P, Haynes BF. Vaccine induction of CD4-mimicking HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in macaques. Cell 2024; 187:79-94.e24. [PMID: 38181743 PMCID: PMC10860651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The CD4-binding site (CD4bs) is a conserved epitope on HIV-1 envelope (Env) that can be targeted by protective broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV-1 vaccines have not elicited CD4bs bnAbs for many reasons, including the occlusion of CD4bs by glycans, expansion of appropriate naive B cells with immunogens, and selection of functional antibody mutations. Here, we demonstrate that immunization of macaques with a CD4bs-targeting immunogen elicits neutralizing bnAb precursors with structural and genetic features of CD4-mimicking bnAbs. Structures of the CD4bs nAb bound to HIV-1 Env demonstrated binding angles and heavy-chain interactions characteristic of all known human CD4-mimicking bnAbs. Macaque nAb were derived from variable and joining gene segments orthologous to the genes of human VH1-46-class bnAb. This vaccine study initiated in primates the B cells from which CD4bs bnAbs can derive, accomplishing the key first step in the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - James Counts
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bhishem Thakur
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Victoria Stalls
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kartik Manne
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Lu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rob Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joena Bal
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicholas Havill
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC 28035, USA
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Emily Machiele
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nolan Jamieson
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bhavna Hora
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Megan Kopp
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katarzyna Janowska
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kara Anasti
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chuancang Jiang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Elizabeth Van Itallie
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sravani Venkatayogi
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rory Henderson
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - S Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Derek W Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Wilton B Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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2
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Malewana RD, Stalls V, May A, Lu X, Martinez DR, Schäfer A, Li D, Barr M, Sutherland LL, Lee E, Parks R, Beck WE, Newman A, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, DeMarco CT, Denny TN, Oguin TH, Rountree W, Wang Y, Mansouri K, Edwards RJ, Sempowski GD, Eaton A, Muramatsu H, Henderson R, Tam Y, Barbosa C, Tang J, Cain DW, Santra S, Moore IN, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Golding H, Seder R, Khurana S, Montefiori DC, Pardi N, Weissman D, Baric RS, Acharya P, Haynes BF, Saunders KO. Broadly neutralizing antibody induction by non-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccination in nonhuman primates. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.18.572191. [PMID: 38187726 PMCID: PMC10769253 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Immunization with mRNA or viral vectors encoding spike with diproline substitutions (S-2P) has provided protective immunity against severe COVID-19 disease. How immunization with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike elicits neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against difficult-to-neutralize variants of concern (VOCs) remains an area of great interest. Here, we compare immunization of macaques with mRNA vaccines expressing ancestral spike either including or lacking diproline substitutions, and show the diproline substitutions were not required for protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge or induction of broadly neutralizing B cell lineages. One group of nAbs elicited by the ancestral spike lacking diproline substitutions targeted the outer face of the receptor binding domain (RBD), neutralized all tested SARS-CoV-2 VOCs including Omicron XBB.1.5, but lacked cross-Sarbecovirus neutralization. Structural analysis showed that the macaque broad SARS-CoV-2 VOC nAbs bound to the same epitope as a human broad SARS-CoV-2 VOC nAb, DH1193. Vaccine-induced antibodies that targeted the RBD inner face neutralized multiple Sarbecoviruses, protected mice from bat CoV RsSHC014 challenge, but lacked Omicron variant neutralization. Thus, ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike lacking proline substitutions encoded by nucleoside-modified mRNA can induce B cell lineages binding to distinct RBD sites that either broadly neutralize animal and human Sarbecoviruses or recent Omicron VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Dilshan Malewana
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Victoria Stalls
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Aaron May
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Lu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David R. Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dapeng Li
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Laura L. Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Esther Lee
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Whitney Edwards Beck
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Newman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin W. Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Bianca M. Nagata
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - C. Todd DeMarco
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas N. Denny
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas H. Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wes Rountree
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert J. Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gregory D. Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rory Henderson
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ying Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, LLC, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Derek W. Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ian N. Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | | | - Hana Golding
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Robert Seder
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ralph S. Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin O. Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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3
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Li D, Martinez DR, Schäfer A, Chen H, Barr M, Sutherland LL, Lee E, Parks R, Mielke D, Edwards W, Newman A, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, Gagne M, Douek DC, DeMarco CT, Denny TN, Oguin TH, Brown A, Rountree W, Wang Y, Mansouri K, Edwards RJ, Ferrari G, Sempowski GD, Eaton A, Tang J, Cain DW, Santra S, Pardi N, Weissman D, Tomai MA, Fox CB, Moore IN, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Golding H, Seder R, Khurana S, Baric RS, Montefiori DC, Saunders KO, Haynes BF. Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and protection induced by a nanoparticle vaccine. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6309. [PMID: 36274085 PMCID: PMC9588772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus vaccines that are highly effective against current and anticipated SARS-CoV-2 variants are needed to control COVID-19. We previously reported a receptor-binding domain (RBD)-sortase A-conjugated ferritin nanoparticle (scNP) vaccine that induced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and pre-emergent sarbecoviruses and protected non-human primates (NHPs) from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 infection. Here, we find the RBD-scNP induced neutralizing antibodies in NHPs against pseudoviruses of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 variants including 614G, Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/BA.5, and a designed variant with escape mutations, PMS20. Adjuvant studies demonstrate variant neutralization titers are highest with 3M-052-aqueous formulation (AF). Immunization twice with RBD-scNPs protect NHPs from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1, Beta, and Delta variant challenge, and protect mice from challenges of SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant and two other heterologous sarbecoviruses. These results demonstrate the ability of RBD-scNPs to induce broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and to protect animals from multiple different SARS-related viruses. Such a vaccine could provide broad immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - David R. Martinez
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Haiyan Chen
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Laura L. Sutherland
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Esther Lee
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Robert Parks
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Dieter Mielke
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Whitney Edwards
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Amanda Newman
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Kevin W. Bock
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Bianca M. Nagata
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Matthew Gagne
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - C. Todd DeMarco
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Thomas N. Denny
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Thomas H. Oguin
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Alecia Brown
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Wes Rountree
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Robert J. Edwards
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Gregory D. Sempowski
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Juanjie Tang
- grid.417587.80000 0001 2243 3366Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871 USA
| | - Derek W. Cain
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- grid.239395.70000 0000 9011 8547Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Mark A. Tomai
- grid.417536.20000 0001 0695 6319Corporate Research Materials Lab, 3M Company, St Paul, MN 55144 USA
| | - Christopher B. Fox
- grid.53959.330000 0004 1794 8076Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98104 USA
| | - Ian N. Moore
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Hanne Andersen
- grid.282501.c0000 0000 8739 6829BIOQUAL, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| | - Mark G. Lewis
- grid.282501.c0000 0000 8739 6829BIOQUAL, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| | - Hana Golding
- grid.417587.80000 0001 2243 3366Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871 USA
| | - Robert Seder
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- grid.417587.80000 0001 2243 3366Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871 USA
| | - Ralph S. Baric
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - David C. Montefiori
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Kevin O. Saunders
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
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4
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Saunders KO, Edwards RJ, Tilahun K, Manne K, Lu X, Cain DW, Wiehe K, Williams WB, Mansouri K, Hernandez GE, Sutherland L, Scearce R, Parks R, Barr M, DeMarco T, Eater CM, Eaton A, Morton G, Mildenberg B, Wang Y, Rountree RW, Tomai MA, Fox CB, Moody MA, Alam SM, Santra S, Lewis MG, Denny TN, Shaw GM, Montefiori DC, Acharya P, Haynes BF. Stabilized HIV-1 envelope immunization induces neutralizing antibodies to the CD4bs and protects macaques against mucosal infection. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo5598. [PMID: 36070369 PMCID: PMC10034035 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo5598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A successful HIV-1 vaccine will require induction of a polyclonal neutralizing antibody (nAb) response, yet vaccine-mediated induction of such a response in primates remains a challenge. We found that a stabilized HIV-1 CH505 envelope (Env) trimer formulated with a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist induced potent HIV-1 polyclonal nAbs that correlated with protection from homologous simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection. The serum dilution that neutralized 50% of virus replication (ID50 titer) required to protect 90% of macaques was 1:364 against the challenge virus grown in primary rhesus CD4+ T cells. Structural analyses of vaccine-induced nAbs demonstrated targeting of the Env CD4 binding site or the N156 glycan and the third variable loop base. Autologous nAb specificities similar to those elicited in macaques by vaccination were isolated from the human living with HIV from which the CH505 Env immunogen was derived. CH505 viral isolates were isolated that mutated the V1 to escape both the infection-induced and vaccine-induced antibodies. These results define the specificities of a vaccine-induced nAb response and the protective titers of HIV-1 vaccine-induced nAbs required to protect nonhuman primates from low-dose mucosal challenge by SHIVs bearing a primary transmitted/founder Env.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O. Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Robert J. Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kedamawit Tilahun
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kartik Manne
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Lu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Derek W. Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Wilton B. Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Giovanna E. Hernandez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Richard Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Todd DeMarco
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chloe M. Eater
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
| | | | | | - Yunfei Wang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - R. Wes Rountree
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mark A. Tomai
- 3M Corporate Research Materials Lab, 3M Company; St. Paul, MN, 55144, USA
| | | | - M. Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - S. Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | | | - Thomas N. Denny
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - George M. Shaw
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
| | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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5
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Slepukhin PA, Krinochkin AP, Starnovskaya ES, Shtaitz YK, Savchuk MI, Kopchuk DS, Egorov IN, Santra S, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of arylamine-containing 2,2′-bipyridine derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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6
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Strayer-Scherer A, Timilsina S, Liao YY, Young M, Rosskopf EN, Vallad GE, Goss EM, Santra S, Jones JB, Hong JC, Paret ML. Simulated Leaching of Foliar Applied Copper Bactericides on the Soil Microbiome Utilizing Various Beta Diversity Resemblance Measurements. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0148121. [PMID: 35536029 PMCID: PMC9241806 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01481-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper bactericides are routinely used to control Xanthomonas perforans (XP), causal agent of bacterial spot of tomato. Given the widespread tolerance to copper in XP strains in FL, USA, nanotechnology-based elemental composites have gained interest for their potential applications in agriculture in part due to their enhanced antimicrobial properties and toxicity to copper-tolerant strains. However, little is known about the potential impact of conventional copper bactericides as well as nano-based elemental composites on soil microbial communities, as determined by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA. We compared the effects of 2 and 200 μg/mL of core-shell (CS), a metallic copper composite, and a conventional copper bactericide + mancozeb (Cu+Man) on the soil microbiome. These treatments were compared to three controls, the microbial profile of the soil prior to application of copper products, a water application, and spiking the soil with a soilborne phytobacterium, Ralstonia solanacearum (RS). The RS treatment was included to determine if downstream analysis could detect the artificial inoculation. Utilizing multiple β diversity measurements, each emphasizing various tenets of ecology, provided a greater perspective of the effects the treatments had on the microbiome. Analysis of HTS data revealed that the two treatments containing field applied rates of metallic copper, CS 200 and Cu+Man, had the largest impact on the soil microbiome at seven-days posttreatment compared to water. However, we simulated field applied rates of CS 200 entering the soil by treating soil with CS 2 and determined this concentration had a negligible effect on the soil microbiome. IMPORTANCE Nanotechnology-based elemental composites have gained popularity for their potential applications in plant disease management due to their enhanced antimicrobial properties. However, little is known about their potential impact on the environment. Foliar applications of nano metallic composites upon leaching into the soil have the potential to impact soil microbial populations that in turn influence soil health. Utilizing multiple β diversity measurements, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that field applied rates of metallic copper (200 μg/mL) from an advanced copper composite (core-shell [CS]) and a conventional copper bactericide in combination with mancozeb had the largest impact on the soil microbiome compared to water and nontreated control. To simulate leaching from the leaf surface, a lower concentration (2 μg/mL) of CS was also applied to the soil and had a negligible effect on the soil microbiome. Thus, field applied rates of CS may have a minimal effect on soil microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Strayer-Scherer
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - S. Timilsina
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Y. Y. Liao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - M. Young
- NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - E. N. Rosskopf
- USDA ARS, United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - G. E. Vallad
- Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, Florida, USA
| | - E. M. Goss
- Department of Plant Pathology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - S. Santra
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - J. B. Jones
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - J. C. Hong
- USDA ARS, United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - M. L. Paret
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, Florida, USA
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7
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Ghodke S, V S, Singh Y, Santra S. Efficiency calculation of proton recoil neutron telescope with relativistic correction for neutron energy 4 to 20 MeV. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 184:110171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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8
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Santra S, Kethepalli J, Agarwal S, Dhar A, Kulkarni M, Kundu A. Gap Statistics for Confined Particles with Power-Law Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:170603. [PMID: 35570430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.170603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We consider the N particle classical Riesz gas confined in a one-dimensional external harmonic potential with power-law interaction of the form 1/r^{k}, where r is the separation between particles. As special limits it contains several systems such as Dyson's log-gas (k→0^{+}), the Calogero-Moser model (k=2), the 1D one-component plasma (k=-1), and the hard-rod gas (k→∞). Despite its growing importance, only large-N field theory and average density profile are known for general k. In this Letter, we study the fluctuations in the system by looking at the statistics of the gap between successive particles. This quantity is analogous to the well-known level-spacing statistics which is ubiquitous in several branches of physics. We show that the variance goes as N^{-b_{k}} and we find the k dependence of b_{k} via direct Monte Carlo simulations. We provide supporting arguments based on microscopic Hessian calculation and a quadratic field theory approach. We compute the gap distribution and study its system size scaling. Except in the range -1<k<0, we find scaling for all k>-2 with both Gaussian and non-Gaussian scaling forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santra
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - J Kethepalli
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - S Agarwal
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - A Dhar
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - M Kulkarni
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
| | - A Kundu
- International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru - 560089, India
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9
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Li D, Martinez DR, Schäfer A, Chen H, Barr M, Sutherland LL, Lee E, Parks R, Mielke D, Edwards W, Newman A, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, Gagne M, Douek DC, DeMarco CT, Denny TN, Oguin TH, Brown A, Rountree W, Wang Y, Mansouri K, Edwards RJ, Ferrari G, Sempowski GD, Eaton A, Tang J, Cain DW, Santra S, Pardi N, Weissman D, Tomai MA, Fox CB, Moore IN, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Golding H, Seder R, Khurana S, Baric RS, Montefiori DC, Saunders KO, Haynes BF. Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization and Protection Induced by a Nanoparticle Vaccine. bioRxiv 2022:2022.01.26.477915. [PMID: 35118474 PMCID: PMC8811946 DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.26.477915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus vaccines that are highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants are needed to control the current pandemic. We previously reported a receptor-binding domain (RBD) sortase A-conjugated ferritin nanoparticle (RBD-scNP) vaccine that induced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and pre-emergent sarbecoviruses and protected monkeys from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 infection. Here, we demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 RBD-scNP immunization induces potent neutralizing antibodies in non-human primates (NHPs) against all eight SARS-CoV-2 variants tested including the Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. The Omicron variant was neutralized by RBD-scNP-induced serum antibodies with a mean of 10.6-fold reduction of ID50 titers compared to SARS-CoV-2 D614G. Immunization with RBD-scNPs protected NHPs from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1, Beta, and Delta variant challenge, and protected mice from challenges of SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant and two other heterologous sarbecoviruses. These results demonstrate the ability of RBD-scNPs to induce broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants and to protect NHPs and mice from multiple different SARS-related viruses. Such a vaccine could provide the needed immunity to slow the spread of and reduce disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants such as Delta and Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David R Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Esther Lee
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dieter Mielke
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Whitney Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Newman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin W Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Bianca M Nagata
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - C Todd DeMarco
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas N Denny
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alecia Brown
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wes Rountree
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert J Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Juanjie Tang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Derek W Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark A Tomai
- Corporate Research Materials Lab, 3M Company, St Paul, MN 55144, USA
| | | | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | | | - Hana Golding
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Robert Seder
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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10
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Tomalka JA, Pelletier AN, Fourati S, Latif MB, Sharma A, Furr K, Carlson K, Lifton M, Gonzalez A, Wilkinson P, Franchini G, Parks R, Letvin N, Yates N, Seaton K, Tomaras G, Tartaglia J, Robb ML, Michael NL, Koup R, Haynes B, Santra S, Sekaly RP. The transcription factor CREB1 is a mechanistic driver of immunogenicity and reduced HIV-1 acquisition following ALVAC vaccination. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1294-1305. [PMID: 34556879 PMCID: PMC8525330 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Development of effective human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) vaccines requires synergy between innate and adaptive immune cells. Here we show that induction of the transcription factor CREB1 and its target genes by the recombinant canarypox vector ALVAC + Alum augments immunogenicity in non-human primates (NHPs) and predicts reduced HIV-1 acquisition in the RV144 trial. These target genes include those encoding cytokines/chemokines associated with heightened protection from simian immunodeficiency virus challenge in NHPs. Expression of CREB1 target genes probably results from direct cGAMP (STING agonist)-modulated p-CREB1 activity that drives the recruitment of CD4+ T cells and B cells to the site of antigen presentation. Importantly, unlike NHPs immunized with ALVAC + Alum, those immunized with ALVAC + MF59, the regimen in the HVTN702 trial that showed no protection from HIV infection, exhibited significantly reduced CREB1 target gene expression. Our integrated systems biology approach has validated CREB1 as a critical driver of vaccine efficacy and highlights that adjuvants that trigger CREB1 signaling may be critical for efficacious HIV-1 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Alan Tomalka
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adam Nicolas Pelletier
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal Latif
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn Furr
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Carlson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle Lifton
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Gonzalez
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Genoveffa Franchini
- Center for Cancer Research Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Norman Letvin
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Yates
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kelly Seaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Georgia Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Merlin L Robb
- Military HIV Research Program, Henry Jackson Foundation and Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Bethesda and Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Military HIV Research Program, Henry Jackson Foundation and Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Bethesda and Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Richard Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barton Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rafick Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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11
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Cai F, Chen WH, Wu W, Jones JA, Choe M, Gohain N, Shen X, LaBranche C, Eaton A, Sutherland L, Lee EM, Hernandez GE, Wu NR, Scearce R, Seaman MS, Moody MA, Santra S, Wiehe K, Tomaras GD, Wagh K, Korber B, Bonsignori M, Montefiori DC, Haynes BF, de Val N, Joyce MG, Saunders KO. Structural and genetic convergence of HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated non-human primates. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009624. [PMID: 34086838 PMCID: PMC8216552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary goal of HIV-1 vaccine development is the consistent elicitation of protective, neutralizing antibodies. While highly similar neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have been isolated from multiple HIV-infected individuals, it is unclear whether vaccination can consistently elicit highly similar nAbs in genetically diverse primates. Here, we show in three outbred rhesus macaques that immunization with Env elicits a genotypically and phenotypically conserved nAb response. From these vaccinated macaques, we isolated four antibody lineages that had commonalities in immunoglobulin variable, diversity, and joining gene segment usage. Atomic-level structures of the antigen binding fragments of the two most similar antibodies showed nearly identical paratopes. The Env binding modes of each of the four vaccine-induced nAbs were distinct from previously known monoclonal HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies, but were nearly identical to each other. The similarities of these antibodies show that the immune system in outbred primates can respond to HIV-1 Env vaccination with a similar structural and genotypic solution for recognizing a particular neutralizing epitope. These results support rational vaccine design for HIV-1 that aims to reproducibly elicit, in genetically diverse primates, nAbs with specific paratope structures capable of binding conserved epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Cai
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Weimin Wu
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julia A. Jones
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Misook Choe
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neelakshi Gohain
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Esther M. Lee
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Giovanna E. Hernandez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Nelson R. Wu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Richard Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Seaman
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - M. Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Georgia D. Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kshitij Wagh
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Natalia de Val
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - M. Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MGJ); (KOS)
| | - Kevin O. Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MGJ); (KOS)
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12
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Williams WB, Meyerhoff RR, Edwards RJ, Li H, Manne K, Nicely NI, Henderson R, Zhou Y, Janowska K, Mansouri K, Gobeil S, Evangelous T, Hora B, Berry M, Abuahmad AY, Sprenz J, Deyton M, Stalls V, Kopp M, Hsu AL, Borgnia MJ, Stewart-Jones GBE, Lee MS, Bronkema N, Moody MA, Wiehe K, Bradley T, Alam SM, Parks RJ, Foulger A, Oguin T, Sempowski GD, Bonsignori M, LaBranche CC, Montefiori DC, Seaman M, Santra S, Perfect J, Francica JR, Lynn GM, Aussedat B, Walkowicz WE, Laga R, Kelsoe G, Saunders KO, Fera D, Kwong PD, Seder RA, Bartesaghi A, Shaw GM, Acharya P, Haynes BF. Fab-dimerized glycan-reactive antibodies are a structural category of natural antibodies. Cell 2021; 184:2955-2972.e25. [PMID: 34019795 PMCID: PMC8135257 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural antibodies (Abs) can target host glycans on the surface of pathogens. We studied the evolution of glycan-reactive B cells of rhesus macaques and humans using glycosylated HIV-1 envelope (Env) as a model antigen. 2G12 is a broadly neutralizing Ab (bnAb) that targets a conserved glycan patch on Env of geographically diverse HIV-1 strains using a unique heavy-chain (VH) domain-swapped architecture that results in fragment antigen-binding (Fab) dimerization. Here, we describe HIV-1 Env Fab-dimerized glycan (FDG)-reactive bnAbs without VH-swapped domains from simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected macaques. FDG Abs also recognized cell-surface glycans on diverse pathogens, including yeast and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike. FDG precursors were expanded by glycan-bearing immunogens in macaques and were abundant in HIV-1-naive humans. Moreover, FDG precursors were predominately mutated IgM+IgD+CD27+, thus suggesting that they originated from a pool of antigen-experienced IgM+ or marginal zone B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilton B Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - R Ryan Meyerhoff
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - R J Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kartik Manne
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Rory Henderson
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ye Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bhavna Hora
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Megan Kopp
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allen L Hsu
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mario J Borgnia
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | | | - Matthew S Lee
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naomi Bronkema
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - S Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Seaman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John Perfect
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Geoffrey M Lynn
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Avidea Technologies, Inc., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Richard Laga
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Daniela Fera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert A Seder
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alberto Bartesaghi
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - George M Shaw
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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13
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Han Q, Bradley T, Williams WB, Cain DW, Montefiori DC, Saunders KO, Parks RJ, Edwards RW, Ferrari G, Mueller O, Shen X, Wiehe KJ, Reed S, Fox CB, Rountree W, Vandergrift NA, Wang Y, Sutherland LL, Santra S, Moody MA, Permar SR, Tomaras GD, Lewis MG, Van Rompay KKA, Haynes BF. Neonatal Rhesus Macaques Have Distinct Immune Cell Transcriptional Profiles following HIV Envelope Immunization. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1553-1569.e6. [PMID: 32023469 PMCID: PMC7243677 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1-infected infants develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) more rapidly than adults, suggesting differences in the neonatal versus adult responses to the HIV-1 envelope (Env). Here, trimeric forms of HIV-1 Env immunogens elicit increased gp120- and gp41-specific antibodies more rapidly in neonatal macaques than adult macaques. Transcriptome analyses of neonatal versus adult immune cells after Env vaccination reveal that neonatal macaques have higher levels of the apoptosis regulator BCL2 in T cells and lower levels of the immunosuppressive interleukin-10 (IL-10) receptor alpha (IL10RA) mRNA transcripts in T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes. In addition, immunized neonatal macaques exhibit increased frequencies of activated blood T follicular helper-like (Tfh) cells compared to adults. Thus, neonatal macaques have transcriptome signatures of decreased immunosuppression and apoptosis compared with adult macaques, providing an immune landscape conducive to early-life immunization prior to sexual debut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Han
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilton B Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Derek W Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Regina W Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Olaf Mueller
- Center for Genomics of Microbial Systems, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin J Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Wes Rountree
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nathan A Vandergrift
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sallie R Permar
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Koen K A Van Rompay
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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14
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Eslamizar L, Petrovas C, Leggat DJ, Furr K, Lifton ML, Levine G, Ma S, Fletez-Brant C, Hoyland W, Prabhakaran M, Narpala S, Boswell K, Yamamoto T, Liao HX, Pickup D, Ramsburg E, Sutherland L, McDermott A, Roederer M, Montefiori D, Koup RA, Haynes BF, Letvin NL, Santra S. Recombinant MVA-prime elicits neutralizing antibody responses by inducing antigen-specific B cells in the germinal center. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:15. [PMID: 33495459 PMCID: PMC7835239 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial has been the only clinical trial to date that has shown any degree of efficacy and associated with the presence of vaccine-elicited HIV-1 envelope-specific binding antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses. This trial also showed that a vector-prime protein boost combined vaccine strategy was better than when used alone. Here we have studied three different priming vectors-plasmid DNA, recombinant MVA, and recombinant VSV, all encoding clade C transmitted/founder Env 1086 C gp140, for priming three groups of six non-human primates each, followed by a protein boost with adjuvanted 1086 C gp120 protein. Our data showed that MVA-priming favors the development of higher antibody binding titers and neutralizing activity compared with other vectors. Analyses of the draining lymph nodes revealed that MVA-prime induced increased germinal center reactivity characterized by higher frequencies of germinal center (PNAhi) B cells, higher frequencies of antigen-specific B-cell responses as well as an increased frequency of the highly differentiated (ICOShiCD150lo) Tfh-cell subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Eslamizar
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Integrative Toxicology, Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 175 Briar Ridge Road, Ridgefield, CT, 06877, USA
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Kathryn Furr
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle L Lifton
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gail Levine
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven Ma
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Norman L Letvin
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Weissman D, Alameh MG, de Silva T, Collini P, Hornsby H, Brown R, LaBranche CC, Edwards RJ, Sutherland L, Santra S, Mansouri K, Gobeil S, McDanal C, Pardi N, Hengartner N, Lin PJC, Tam Y, Shaw PA, Lewis MG, Boesler C, Şahin U, Acharya P, Haynes BF, Korber B, Montefiori DC. D614G Spike Mutation Increases SARS CoV-2 Susceptibility to Neutralization. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:23-31.e4. [PMID: 33306985 PMCID: PMC7707640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein acquired a D614G mutation early in the pandemic that confers greater infectivity and is now the globally dominant form. To determine whether D614G might also mediate neutralization escape that could compromise vaccine efficacy, sera from spike-immunized mice, nonhuman primates, and humans were evaluated for neutralization of pseudoviruses bearing either D614 or G614 spike. In all cases, the G614 pseudovirus was moderately more susceptible to neutralization. The G614 pseudovirus also was more susceptible to neutralization by receptor-binding domain (RBD) monoclonal antibodies and convalescent sera from people infected with either form of the virus. Negative stain electron microscopy revealed a higher percentage of the 1-RBD "up" conformation in the G614 spike, suggesting increased epitope exposure as a mechanism of enhanced vulnerability to neutralization. Based on these findings, the D614G mutation is not expected to be an obstacle for current vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Weissman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thushan de Silva
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; South Yorkshire Regional Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Collini
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; South Yorkshire Regional Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hailey Hornsby
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rebecca Brown
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University, Department of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sophie Gobeil
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nick Hengartner
- T6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | | | - Ying Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, CA
| | - Pamela A Shaw
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bette Korber
- T6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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16
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Saunders KO, Pardi N, Parks R, Santra S, Mu Z, Sutherland L, Scearce R, Barr M, Eaton A, Hernandez G, Goodman D, Hogan MJ, Tombacz I, Gordon DN, Rountree RW, Wang Y, Lewis MG, Pierson TC, Barbosa C, Tam Y, Shen X, Ferrari G, Tomaras GD, Montefiori DC, Weissman D, Haynes BF. Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines elicit polyfunctional HIV-1 antibodies comparable to proteins in nonhuman primates. bioRxiv 2020:2020.12.30.424745. [PMID: 33398289 PMCID: PMC7781333 DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.30.424745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of an effective AIDS vaccine remains a challenge. Nucleoside-modified mRNAs formulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) have proved to be a potent mode of immunization against infectious diseases in preclinical studies, and are being tested for SARS-CoV-2 in humans. A critical question is how mRNA-LNP vaccine immunogenicity compares to that of traditional adjuvanted protein vaccines in primates. Here, we found that mRNA-LNP immunization compared to protein immunization elicited either the same or superior magnitude and breadth of HIV-1 Env-specific polyfunctional antibodies. Immunization with mRNA-LNP encoding Zika premembrane and envelope (prM-E) or HIV-1 Env gp160 induced durable neutralizing antibodies for at least 41 weeks. Doses of mRNA-LNP as low as 5 μg were immunogenic in macaques. Thus, mRNA-LNP can be used to rapidly generate single or multi-component vaccines, such as sequential vaccines needed to protect against HIV-1 infection. Such vaccines would be as or more immunogenic than adjuvanted recombinant protein vaccines in primates.
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17
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Moseev TD, Khasanov AF, Varaksin MV, Kopchuk DS, Kovalev IS, Taniya OS, Rahman M, Santra S, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN. Synthesis of meso-2,2’-bipyridyl-substituted calix[4]arenes and their response to metal cations. Chim Tech Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.15826/chimtech.2020.7.4.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient synthetic approach to meso-substituted with 2,2’-bipyridine and 1-(pyridin-2-yl)isoquinoline residues calix[4]arenes is reported. This approach involves the reaction of generated in situ 2-lithio-calix[4]arene with 1,2,4-triazine precursor with the following aromatization of the obtained adduct, and the aza-Diels-Alder reaction of the 1,2,4-triazinyl-substituted calix[4]arene with 2,5-norbornadien or in-situ generated 1,2-dehydrobenzene. The UV/fluorescence response of thus obtained meso-pyridyl-substituted calix[4]arenes to metal cations is studied.
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18
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Blasi M, Negri D, Saunders KO, Baker EJ, Stadtler H, LaBranche C, Mildenberg B, Morton G, Ciarla A, Shen X, Wang Y, Rountree W, Balakumaran B, Santra S, Haynes BF, Moody AM, Cara A, Klotman ME. Immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of sequential immunizations with an SIV-based IDLV expressing CH505 Envs. NPJ Vaccines 2020; 5:107. [PMID: 33298954 PMCID: PMC7674457 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A preventative HIV-1 vaccine is an essential intervention needed to halt the HIV-1 pandemic. Neutralizing antibodies protect against HIV-1 infection in animal models, and thus an approach toward a protective HIV-1 vaccine is to induce broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). One strategy to achieve this goal is to define envelope (Env) evolution that drives bnAb development in infection and to recreate those events by vaccination. In this study, we report the immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy in rhesus macaques of an SIV-based integrase defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) expressing sequential gp140 Env immunogens derived from the CH505 HIV-1-infected individual who made the CH103 and CH235 bnAb lineages. Immunization with IDLV expressing sequential CH505 Envs induced higher magnitude and more durable binding and neutralizing antibody responses compared to protein or DNA +/− protein immunizations using the same sequential envelopes. Compared to monkeys immunized with a vector expressing Envs alone, those immunized with the combination of IDLV expressing Env and CH505 Env protein demonstrated improved durability of antibody responses at six months after the last immunization as well as lower peak viremia and better virus control following autologous SHIV-CH505 challenge. There was no evidence of vector mobilization or recombination in the immunized and challenged monkeys. Although the tested vaccines failed to induce bnAbs and to mediate significant protection following SHIV-challenge, our results show that IDLV proved safe and successful at inducing higher titer and more durable immune responses compared to other vaccine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blasi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Donatella Negri
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erich J Baker
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Stadtler
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew Ciarla
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wes Rountree
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bala Balakumaran
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anthony M Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Cara
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mary E Klotman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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19
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Ghodke S, Sathian V, Singh Y, Patel T, Santra S. ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENT OF 14.57 MeV NEUTRON FLUENCE RATE USING PROTON RECOIL NEUTRON TELESCOPE. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2020; 190:307-319. [PMID: 32779698 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A single stage vacuum-type proton recoil neutron telescope (PRT) was used for accurate measurement of 14.57 MeV neutron fluence rate from an indigenously developed D-T neutron generator at Purnima, BARC. The telescope consists of a polyethylene radiator having 4 cm diameter and CsI (Tl) scintillation crystal having thickness 1.5 mm and 4 cm diameter separated by 20.5 cm kept in a vacuum chamber. The neutron detection efficiency of the telescope for 14.57 MeV neutrons was calculated analytically using n-p scattering cross section data from Evaluated Nuclear Data File VII and also evaluated using fluka simulation. The relativistic transformation of n-p differential scattering cross section from centre-of-mass to laboratory system was used for calculating the efficiency of PRT. The 14.57 MeV neutron fluence rate was also measured using copper foils. The comparison of fluence rate measured using PRT and copper foil activation techniques is presented in this paper. The total uncertainty in measurement using PRT and copper foil activation technique is found to be 3.93 and 6.97%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Ghodke
- Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V Sathian
- Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Yashoda Singh
- Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Tarun Patel
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Santra
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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20
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Chamcha V, Reddy PBJ, Kannanganat S, Wilkins C, Gangadhara S, Velu V, Green R, Law GL, Chang J, Bowen JR, Kozlowski PA, Lifton M, Santra S, Legere T, Chea LS, Chennareddi L, Yu T, Suthar MS, Silvestri G, Derdeyn CA, Gale M, Villinger F, Hunter E, Amara RR. Strong T H1-biased CD4 T cell responses are associated with diminished SIV vaccine efficacy. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/519/eaav1800. [PMID: 31748228 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activated CD4 T cells are a major target of HIV infection. Results from the STEP HIV vaccine trial highlighted a potential role for total activated CD4 T cells in promoting HIV acquisition. However, the influence of vaccine insert-specific CD4 T cell responses on HIV acquisition is not known. Here, using the data obtained from four macaque studies, we show that the DNA prime/modified vaccinia Ankara boost vaccine induced interferon γ (IFNγ+) CD4 T cells [T helper 1 (TH1) cells] rapidly migrate to multiple tissues including colon, cervix, and vaginal mucosa. These mucosal TH1 cells persisted at higher frequencies and expressed higher density of CCR5, a viral coreceptor, compared to cells in blood. After intravaginal or intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenges, strong vaccine protection was evident only in animals that had lower frequencies of vaccine-specific TH1 cells but not in animals that had higher frequencies of TH1 cells, despite comparable vaccine-induced humoral and CD8 T cell immunity in both groups. An RNA transcriptome signature in blood at 7 days after priming immunization from one study was associated with induction of fewer TH1-type CD4 cells and enhanced protection. These results demonstrate that high and persisting frequencies of HIV vaccine-induced TH1-biased CD4 T cells in the intestinal and genital mucosa can mitigate beneficial effects of protective antibodies and CD8 T cells, highlighting a critical role of priming immunization and vaccine adjuvants in modulating HIV vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswarlu Chamcha
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Pradeep B J Reddy
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sunil Kannanganat
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Courtney Wilkins
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 981909, USA
| | - Sailaja Gangadhara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Vijayakumar Velu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Richard Green
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 981909, USA
| | - G Lynn Law
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 981909, USA
| | - Jean Chang
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 981909, USA
| | - James R Bowen
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Pamela A Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Michelle Lifton
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Traci Legere
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Lynette S Chea
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lakshmi Chennareddi
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tianwei Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cynthia A Derdeyn
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 981909, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eric Hunter
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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21
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Savchuk MI, Starnovskaya ES, Shtaitz YK, Krinochkin AP, Kopchuk DS, Santra S, Rahman M, Zyryanov GV, Rusinov VL, Chupakhin ON. Direct synthesis of 5-arylethynyl-1,2,4-triazines via direct CH-functionalization. Chim Tech Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.15826/chimtech.2020.7.3.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthetic approach towards 5-arylethynyl-1,2,4-triazines via direct C-H-functionalization of 5-H-1,2,4-triazines in reaction with lithium acetylenes is reported.
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22
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Shtaitz YK, Savchuk MI, Kopchuk DS, Taniya OS, Santra S, Zyryanov GV, Suvorova AI, Rusinov VL, Chupakhin ON. Efficient Synthesis of Methyl
6-(6-Aryl-1,2,4-triazin3-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylates. Russ J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Gorini G, Fourati S, Vaccari M, Rahman MA, Gordon SN, Brown DR, Law L, Chang J, Green R, Barrenäs F, Liyanage NPM, Doster MN, Schifanella L, Bissa M, Silva de Castro I, Washington-Parks R, Galli V, Fuller DH, Santra S, Agy M, Pal R, Palermo RE, Tomaras GD, Shen X, LaBranche CC, Montefiori DC, Venzon DJ, Trinh HV, Rao M, Gale M, Sekaly RP, Franchini G. Engagement of monocytes, NK cells, and CD4+ Th1 cells by ALVAC-SIV vaccination results in a decreased risk of SIVmac251 vaginal acquisition. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008377. [PMID: 32163525 PMCID: PMC7093029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recombinant Canarypox ALVAC-HIV/gp120/alum vaccine regimen was the first to significantly decrease the risk of HIV acquisition in humans, with equal effectiveness in both males and females. Similarly, an equivalent SIV-based ALVAC vaccine regimen decreased the risk of virus acquisition in Indian rhesus macaques of both sexes following intrarectal exposure to low doses of SIVmac251. Here, we demonstrate that the ALVAC-SIV/gp120/alum vaccine is also efficacious in female Chinese rhesus macaques following intravaginal exposure to low doses of SIVmac251 and we confirm that CD14+ classical monocytes are a strong correlate of decreased risk of virus acquisition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the frequency of CD14+ cells and/or their gene expression correlates with blood Type 1 CD4+ T helper cells, α4β7+ plasmablasts, and vaginal cytocidal NKG2A+ cells. To better understand the correlate of protection, we contrasted the ALVAC-SIV vaccine with a NYVAC-based SIV/gp120 regimen that used the identical immunogen. We found that NYVAC-SIV induced higher immune activation via CD4+Ki67+CD38+ and CD4+Ki67+α4β7+ T cells, higher SIV envelope-specific IFN-γ producing cells, equivalent ADCC, and did not decrease the risk of SIVmac251 acquisition. Using the systems biology approach, we demonstrate that specific expression profiles of plasmablasts, NKG2A+ cells, and monocytes elicited by the ALVAC-based regimen correlated with decreased risk of virus acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Gorini
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Arif Rahman
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shari N. Gordon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dallas R. Brown
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynn Law
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jean Chang
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard Green
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Fredrik Barrenäs
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Namal P. M. Liyanage
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melvin N. Doster
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Luca Schifanella
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Massimiliano Bissa
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Isabela Silva de Castro
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robyn Washington-Parks
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Veronica Galli
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Deborah H. Fuller
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael Agy
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ranajit Pal
- Advanced Bioscience Laboratories, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert E. Palermo
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Georgia D. Tomaras
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Celia C. LaBranche
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David J. Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hung V. Trinh
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mangala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, and Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rafick P. Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Genoveffa Franchini
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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24
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Bradley T, Kuraoka M, Yeh CH, Tian M, Chen H, Cain DW, Chen X, Cheng C, Ellebedy AH, Parks R, Barr M, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Bowman CM, Bouton-Verville H, Santra S, Wiehe K, Lewis MG, Ogbe A, Borrow P, Montefiori D, Bonsignori M, Anthony Moody M, Verkoczy L, Saunders KO, Ahmed R, Mascola JR, Kelsoe G, Alt FW, Haynes BF. Immune checkpoint modulation enhances HIV-1 antibody induction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:948. [PMID: 32075963 PMCID: PMC7031230 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eliciting protective titers of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development, but current vaccine strategies have yet to induce bnAbs in humans. Many bnAbs isolated from HIV-1-infected individuals are encoded by immunoglobulin gene rearrangments with infrequent naive B cell precursors and with unusual genetic features that may be subject to host regulatory control. Here, we administer antibodies targeting immune cell regulatory receptors CTLA-4, PD-1 or OX40 along with HIV envelope (Env) vaccines to rhesus macaques and bnAb immunoglobulin knock-in (KI) mice expressing diverse precursors of CD4 binding site HIV-1 bnAbs. CTLA-4 blockade augments HIV-1 Env antibody responses in macaques, and in a bnAb-precursor mouse model, CTLA-4 blocking or OX40 agonist antibodies increase germinal center B and T follicular helper cells and plasma neutralizing antibodies. Thus, modulation of CTLA-4 or OX40 immune checkpoints during vaccination can promote germinal center activity and enhance HIV-1 Env antibody responses. Elucidation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAb) is a goal in HIV vaccine development. Here, Bradley et al. show that administration of CTLA-4 blocking antibody with vaccine antigens increases HIV-1 envelope antibody responses in macaques and a bnAb precursor mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Masayuki Kuraoka
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chen-Hao Yeh
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ming Tian
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Derek W Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ali H Ellebedy
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30317, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 63110, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Maggie Barr
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Richard M Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cindy M Bowman
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Hilary Bouton-Verville
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Ane Ogbe
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laurent Verkoczy
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30317, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Frederick W Alt
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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25
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Broomfield A, Davison J, Roberts J, Stewart C, Hensman P, Beesley C, Tylee K, Rust S, Schwahn B, Jameson E, Vijay S, Santra S, Sreekantam S, Ramaswami U, Chakrapani A, Raiman J, Cleary MA, Jones SA. Ten years of enzyme replacement therapy in paediatric onset mucopolysaccharidosis II in England. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:98-105. [PMID: 31383595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The outcome of 110 patients with paediatric onset mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II) since the commercial introduction of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in England in 2007 is reported. Median length of follow up was 10 years 3 months (range = 1 y 2 m to 18 years 6 month). 78 patients were treated with ERT, 18 had no ERT or disease modifying treatment 7 had haematopoietic stem cell transplant, 4 experimental intrathecal therapy and 3 were lost to follow up. There is clear evidence of improved survival (median age of death of ERT treated (n = 16) = 15.13 years (range = 9.53 to 20.58 y), and untreated (n = 17) = 11.43 y (0.5 to 19.13 y) p = .0005). Early introduction of ERT improved respiratory outcome at 16 years, the median FVC (% predicted) of those in whom ERT initiated <8 years = 69% (range = 34-86%) and 48% (25-108) (p = .045) in those started >8 years. However, ERT appears to have minimal impact on hearing, carpal tunnel syndrome or progression of cardiac valvular disease. Cardiac valvular disease occurred in 18/46 (40%), with progression occurring most frequently in the aortic valve 13/46 (28%). The lack of requirement for neurosurgical intervention in the first 8 years of life suggests that targeted imaging based on clinical symptomology would be safe in this age group after baseline assessments. There is also emerging evidence that the neurological phenotype is more nuanced than the previously recognized dichotomy of severe and attenuated phenotypes in patients presenting in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Broomfield
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
| | - J Davison
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Roberts
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - C Stewart
- Department of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Hensman
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - C Beesley
- Regional Genetics Laboratories, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Tylee
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - S Rust
- Department of Psychology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - B Schwahn
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - E Jameson
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - S Vijay
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Santra
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Sreekantam
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - U Ramaswami
- Lysosomal Disorders Unit, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London NW32QG, UK
| | - A Chakrapani
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Raiman
- Department of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, UK
| | - M A Cleary
- Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S A Jones
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
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26
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Daly A, Evans S, Chahal S, Santra S, Pinto A, Jackson R, Gingell C, Rocha J, Van Spronsen FJ, MacDonald A. Glycomacropeptide: long-term use and impact on blood phenylalanine, growth and nutritional status in children with PKU. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:44. [PMID: 30770754 PMCID: PMC6377744 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract In phenylketonuria, casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) requires modification with the addition of some essential and semi essential amino acids to ensure suitability as a protein substitute. The optimal amount and ratio of additional amino acids is undefined. Aim A longitudinal, parallel, controlled study over 12 months evaluating a CGMP (CGMP-AA2) formulation compared with phenylalanine-free L-amino acid supplements (L-AA) on blood Phe, Tyr, Phe:Tyr ratio, biochemical nutritional status and growth in children with PKU. The CGMP-AA2 contained 36 mg Phe per 20 g protein equivalent. Methods Children with PKU, with a median age of 9.2 y (5-16y) were divided into 2 groups: 29 were given CGMP-AA2, 19 remained on Phe-free L-AA. The CGMP-AA2 formula gradually replaced L-AA, providing blood Phe concentrations were maintained within target range. Median blood Phe, Tyr, Phe:Tyr ratio and anthropometry, were compared within and between the two groups at baseline, 26 and 52 weeks. Nutritional biochemistry was studied at baseline and 26 weeks only. Results At the end of 52 weeks only 48% of subjects were able to completely use CGMP-AA2 as their single source of protein substitute. At 52 weeks CGMP-AA2 provided a median of 75% (30–100) of the total protein substitute with the remainder being given as L-AA. Within the CGMP-AA2 group, blood Phe increased significantly between baseline and 52 weeks: [baseline to 26 weeks; baseline Phe 270 μmol/L (170–430); 26 weeks, Phe 300 μmol/L (125–485) p = 0.06; baseline to 52 weeks: baseline, Phe 270 μmol/L (170–430), 52 weeks Phe 300 μmol/L (200–490), p < 0.001)]. However, there were no differences between the CGMP-AA2 and L-AA group for Phe, Tyr, Phe:Tyr ratio or anthropometry at any of the three measured time points. Within the CGMP-AA2 group only weight (p = 0.0001) and BMI z scores (p = 0.0001) increased significantly between baseline to 52 weeks. Whole blood and plasma selenium were significantly higher (whole blood selenium [p = 0.0002]; plasma selenium [p = 0.0007]) at 26 weeks in the CGMP-AA2 group compared L-AA. No differences were observed within the L-AA group for any of the nutritional markers. Conclusions CGMP-AA increases blood Phe concentrations and so it can only be used partly to contribute to protein substitute in some children with PKU. CGMP-AA should be carefully introduced in children with PKU and close monitoring of blood Phe control is essential. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-019-1011-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daly
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK.
| | - S Evans
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK
| | - S Chahal
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK
| | - S Santra
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK
| | - A Pinto
- University of Liverpool, Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - R Jackson
- Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - C Gingell
- Centro de Genética Médica JM, CHP EPE, Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Referência na área das Doenças Hereditárias do Metabolismo, Centro Hospitalar do Porto - CHP EPE, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, UFP, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
| | - J Rocha
- Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F J Van Spronsen
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK
| | - A MacDonald
- Dietetic Department, Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6 NH, UK
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27
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Sarsour M, Amadio J, Anderson E, Barrón-Palos L, Crawford B, Crawford C, Esposito D, Fox W, Francis I, Fry J, Gardiner H, Haddock C, Holly A, Hoogerheide S, Korsak K, Lieers J, Magers S, Maldonado-Velázquez M, Mayorov D, Mumm H, Nico J, Okudaira T, Paudel C, Santra S, Shimizu H, Snow W, Sprow A, Steen K, Swanson H, Tôvesson F, Vanderwerp J, Yergeau P. Neutron spin rotation measurements. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921906002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutron spin rotation (NSR) collaboration used parity-violating spin rotation of transversely polarized neutrons transmitted through a 0.5 m liquid helium target to constrain weak coupling constants between nucleons. While consistent with theoretical expectation, the upper limit set by this measurement on the rotation angle is limited by statistical uncertainties. The NSR collaboration is preparing a new measurement to improve this statistically-limited result by about an order of magnitude. In addition to using the new high-flux NG-C beam at the NIST Center for Neutron Research, the apparatus was upgraded to take advantage of the larger-area and more divergent NG-C beam. Significant improvements are also being made to the cryogenic design. Details of these improvements and readiness of the upgraded apparatus are presented. We also comment on how recent theoretical work combining effective field theory techniques with the 1/Nc expansion of QCD along with previous NN weak measurements can be used to make a prediction for dϕ/dz in 4He.
An experiment using the same apparatus with a room-temperature target was carried out at LANSCE to place limits on parity-conserving rotations from possible fifth-force interactions to complement previous studies. We sought this interaction using a slow neutron polarimeter that passed transversely polarized slow neutrons by unpolarized slabs of material arranged so that this interaction would tilt the plane of polarization and develop a component along the neutron momentum. The results of this measurement and its impact on the neutron-matter coupling gA2 from such an interaction are presented. The NSR collaboration is also preparing a new measurement that uses an upgraded version of the room-temperature target to be run on the NG-C beamline; and it is expected to constrain gA2 by at least two additional orders of magnitude for λc between 1 cm and 1 μm.
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28
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Blyth D, Fry J, Fomin N, Alarcon R, Alonzi L, Askanazi E, Baeßler S, Balascuta S, Barrón-Palos L, Barzilov A, Bowman JD, Birge N, Calarco JR, Chupp TE, Cianciolo V, Coppola CE, Crawford CB, Craycraft K, Evans D, Fieseler C, Frlež E, Garishvili I, Gericke MTW, Gillis RC, Grammer KB, Greene GL, Hall J, Hamblen J, Hayes C, Iverson EB, Kabir ML, Kucuker S, Lauss B, Mahurin R, McCrea M, Maldonado-Velázquez M, Masuda Y, Mei J, Milburn R, Mueller PE, Musgrave M, Nann H, Novikov I, Parsons D, Penttilä SI, Počanić D, Ramirez-Morales A, Root M, Salas-Bacci A, Santra S, Schröder S, Scott E, Seo PN, Sharapov EI, Simmons F, Snow WM, Sprow A, Stewart J, Tang E, Tang Z, Tong X, Turkoglu DJ, Whitehead R, Wilburn WS. First Observation of P-odd γ Asymmetry in Polarized Neutron Capture on Hydrogen. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:242002. [PMID: 30608729 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.242002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetry A_{γ}^{np} in neutron-proton capture using polarized cold neutrons incident on a liquid parahydrogen target at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A_{γ}^{np} isolates the ΔI=1, ^{3}S_{1}→^{3}P_{1} component of the weak nucleon-nucleon interaction, which is dominated by pion exchange and can be directly related to a single coupling constant in either the DDH meson exchange model or pionless effective field theory. We measured A_{γ}^{np}=[-3.0±1.4(stat)±0.2(syst)]×10^{-8}, which implies a DDH weak πNN coupling of h_{π}^{1}=[2.6±1.2(stat)±0.2(syst)]×10^{-7} and a pionless EFT constant of C^{^{3}S_{1}→^{3}P_{1}}/C_{0}=[-7.4±3.5(stat)±0.5(syst)]×10^{-11} MeV^{-1}. We describe the experiment, data analysis, systematic uncertainties, and implications of the result.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blyth
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Fry
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - N Fomin
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Alarcon
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - L Alonzi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - E Askanazi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Baeßler
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Balascuta
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele 077125, Romania
| | - L Barrón-Palos
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000, Mexico
| | - A Barzilov
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - J D Bowman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - N Birge
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J R Calarco
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - T E Chupp
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C E Coppola
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - C B Crawford
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - K Craycraft
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - D Evans
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - C Fieseler
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - E Frlež
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - I Garishvili
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M T W Gericke
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - R C Gillis
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - K B Grammer
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - G L Greene
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Hall
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37403 USA
| | - C Hayes
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Physics Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - E B Iverson
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - S Kucuker
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - B Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - R Mahurin
- Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, USA
| | - M McCrea
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - M Maldonado-Velázquez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000, Mexico
| | - Y Masuda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tukuba-shi, 305-0801, Japan
| | - J Mei
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - R Milburn
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - P E Mueller
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M Musgrave
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Nann
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - I Novikov
- Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42101, USA
| | - D Parsons
- University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37403 USA
| | - S I Penttilä
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D Počanić
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Ramirez-Morales
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000, Mexico
| | - M Root
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Salas-Bacci
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Santra
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Schröder
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Saarland University, Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology, Kirrberger Str. 100, Bldg. 22, 66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - E Scott
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - P-N Seo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Lab, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - E I Sharapov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - F Simmons
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - W M Snow
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - A Sprow
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - J Stewart
- University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37403 USA
| | - E Tang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - Z Tang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - X Tong
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D J Turkoglu
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - R Whitehead
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - W S Wilburn
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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29
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Blasi M, Negri D, LaBranche C, Alam SM, Baker EJ, Brunner EC, Gladden MA, Michelini Z, Vandergrift NA, Wiehe KJ, Parks R, Shen X, Bonsignori M, Tomaras GD, Ferrari G, Montefiori DC, Santra S, Haynes BF, Moody MA, Cara A, Klotman ME. IDLV-HIV-1 Env vaccination in non-human primates induces affinity maturation of antigen-specific memory B cells. Commun Biol 2018; 1:134. [PMID: 30272013 PMCID: PMC6125466 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV continues to be a major global health issue. In spite of successful prevention interventions and treatment methods, the development of an HIV vaccine remains a major priority for the field and would be the optimal strategy to prevent new infections. We showed previously that a single immunization with a SIV-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) expressing the 1086.C HIV-1-envelope induced durable, high-magnitude immune responses in non-human primates (NHPs). In this study, we have further characterized the humoral responses by assessing antibody affinity maturation and antigen-specific memory B-cell persistence in two vaccinated macaques. These animals were also boosted with IDLV expressing the heterologous 1176.C HIV-1-Env to determine if neutralization breadth could be increased, followed by evaluation of the injection sites to assess IDLV persistence. IDLV-Env immunization was associated with persistence of the vector DNA for up to 6 months post immunization and affinity maturation of antigen-specific memory B cells. Maria Blasi et al. report the anti-HIV-1 humoral response elicited in rhesus macaques following vaccination with an SIV-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV). They find that a single IDLV-Env immunization induces continuous antibody avidity maturation and boosting with a heterologous HIV-1 Env results in lower peak antibody titers than autologous boost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blasi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.
| | - Donatella Negri
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - S Munir Alam
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Erich J Baker
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Brunner
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Morgan A Gladden
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | | | - Nathan A Vandergrift
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Kevin J Wiehe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Cara
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, 00161, Italy.
| | - Mary E Klotman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA. .,Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, NC, USA.
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Ebrahim M, Abd El-Sayed W, Abd El-Ghafar N, Paret M, Young M, Santra S, Jones J. CONTROL OF ANGULAR BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT DISEASE OF WATERMELON USING ADVANCED COPPER COMPOSITES. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2018; 26:713-723. [DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2018.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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31
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Madani N, Princiotto AM, Mach L, Ding S, Prevost J, Richard J, Hora B, Sutherland L, Zhao CA, Conn BP, Bradley T, Moody MA, Melillo B, Finzi A, Haynes BF, Smith Iii AB, Santra S, Sodroski J. A CD4-mimetic compound enhances vaccine efficacy against stringent immunodeficiency virus challenge. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2363. [PMID: 29915222 PMCID: PMC6006336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer ((gp120/gp41)3) mediates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) entry into cells. The “closed,” antibody-resistant Env trimer is driven to more open conformations by binding the host receptor, CD4. Broadly neutralizing antibodies that recognize conserved elements of the closed Env are potentially protective, but are elicited inefficiently. HIV-1 has evolved multiple mechanisms to evade readily elicited antibodies against more open Env conformations. Small-molecule CD4-mimetic compounds (CD4mc) bind the HIV-1 gp120 Env and promote conformational changes similar to those induced by CD4, exposing conserved Env elements to antibodies. Here, we show that a CD4mc synergizes with antibodies elicited by monomeric HIV-1 gp120 to protect monkeys from multiple high-dose intrarectal challenges with a heterologous simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). The protective immune response persists for at least six months after vaccination. CD4mc should increase the protective efficacy of any HIV-1 Env vaccine that elicits antibodies against CD4-induced conformations of Env. The HIV Env trimer exhibits a closed confirmation and restricts access to known antibody binding sites. Here the authors show that a small-molecule CD4-mimetic compound binds the HIV Env trimer and enhances antibody-mediated protection in a non-human primate model of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Madani
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Amy M Princiotto
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Linh Mach
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prevost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Bhavna Hora
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Connie A Zhao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Brandon P Conn
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Todd Bradley
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Bruno Melillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Amos B Smith Iii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Joseph Sodroski
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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32
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Strayer-Scherer A, Liao YY, Young M, Ritchie L, Vallad GE, Santra S, Freeman JH, Clark D, Jones JB, Paret ML. Advanced Copper Composites Against Copper-Tolerant Xanthomonas perforans and Tomato Bacterial Spot. Phytopathology 2018; 108:196-205. [PMID: 28990482 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-17-0221-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas spp., is a widespread and damaging bacterial disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). For disease management, growers rely on copper bactericides, which are often ineffective due to the presence of copper-tolerant Xanthomonas strains. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of the new copper composites core-shell copper (CS-Cu), multivalent copper (MV-Cu), and fixed quaternary ammonium copper (FQ-Cu) as potential alternatives to commercially available micron-sized copper bactericides for controlling copper-tolerant Xanthomonas perforans. In vitro, metallic copper from CS-Cu and FQ-Cu at 100 μg/ml killed the copper-tolerant X. perforans strain within 1 h of exposure. In contrast, none of the micron-sized copper rates (100 to 1,000 μg/ml) from Kocide 3000 significantly reduced copper-tolerant X. perforans populations after 48 h of exposure compared with the water control (P < 0.05). All copper-based treatments killed the copper-sensitive X. perforans strain within 1 h. Greenhouse studies demonstrated that all copper composites significantly reduced bacterial spot disease severity when compared with copper-mancozeb and water controls (P < 0.05). Although there was no significant impact on yield, copper composites significantly reduced disease severity when compared with water controls, using 80% less metallic copper in comparison with copper-mancozeb in field studies (P < 0.05). This study highlights the discovery that copper composites have the potential to manage copper-tolerant X. perforans and tomato bacterial spot.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strayer-Scherer
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - Y Y Liao
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - M Young
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - L Ritchie
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - G E Vallad
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - S Santra
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - J H Freeman
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - D Clark
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - J B Jones
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
| | - M L Paret
- First, second, and ninth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; third author: NanoScience Technology Center and Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32826; fourth, seventh, and eighth authors: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy 32351; fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma 33598; sixth author: NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando; and tenth author: Department of Plant Pathology and North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy
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Alam SM, Aussedat B, Vohra Y, Meyerhoff RR, Cale EM, Walkowicz WE, Radakovich NA, Anasti K, Armand L, Parks R, Sutherland L, Scearce R, Joyce MG, Pancera M, Druz A, Georgiev IS, Von Holle T, Eaton A, Fox C, Reed SG, Louder M, Bailer RT, Morris L, Abdool-Karim SS, Cohen M, Liao HX, Montefiori DC, Park PK, Fernández-Tejada A, Wiehe K, Santra S, Kepler TB, Saunders KO, Sodroski J, Kwong PD, Mascola JR, Bonsignori M, Moody MA, Danishefsky S, Haynes BF. Mimicry of an HIV broadly neutralizing antibody epitope with a synthetic glycopeptide. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/381/eaai7521. [PMID: 28298421 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai7521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A goal for an HIV-1 vaccine is to overcome virus variability by inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). One key target of bnAbs is the glycan-polypeptide at the base of the envelope (Env) third variable loop (V3). We have designed and synthesized a homogeneous minimal immunogen with high-mannose glycans reflective of a native Env V3-glycan bnAb epitope (Man9-V3). V3-glycan bnAbs bound to Man9-V3 glycopeptide and native-like gp140 trimers with similar affinities. Fluorophore-labeled Man9-V3 glycopeptides bound to bnAb memory B cells and were able to be used to isolate a V3-glycan bnAb from an HIV-1-infected individual. In rhesus macaques, immunization with Man9-V3 induced V3-glycan-targeted antibodies. Thus, the Man9-V3 glycopeptide closely mimics an HIV-1 V3-glycan bnAb epitope and can be used to isolate V3-glycan bnAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Baptiste Aussedat
- Department of Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yusuf Vohra
- Department of Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - R Ryan Meyerhoff
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Evan M Cale
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William E Walkowicz
- Department of Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nathan A Radakovich
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kara Anasti
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lawrence Armand
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Richard Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marie Pancera
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aliaksandr Druz
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ivelin S Georgiev
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tarra Von Holle
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christopher Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Steven G Reed
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Mark Louder
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Bailer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lynn Morris
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa.,Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4013, South Africa
| | - Salim S Abdool-Karim
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa.,Center for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4013, South Africa
| | - Myron Cohen
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Peter K Park
- Department of Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Thomas B Kepler
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joseph Sodroski
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Samuel Danishefsky
- Department of Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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34
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Zhang R, Verkoczy L, Wiehe K, Munir Alam S, Nicely NI, Santra S, Bradley T, Pemble CW, Zhang J, Gao F, Montefiori DC, Bouton-Verville H, Kelsoe G, Larimore K, Greenberg PD, Parks R, Foulger A, Peel JN, Luo K, Lu X, Trama AM, Vandergrift N, Tomaras GD, Kepler TB, Moody MA, Liao HX, Haynes BF. Initiation of immune tolerance-controlled HIV gp41 neutralizing B cell lineages. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:336ra62. [PMID: 27122615 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Development of an HIV vaccine is a global priority. A major roadblock to a vaccine is an inability to induce protective broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV gp41 bnAbs have characteristics that predispose them to be controlled by tolerance. We used gp41 2F5 bnAb germline knock-in mice and macaques vaccinated with immunogens reactive with germline precursors to activate neutralizing antibodies. In germline knock-in mice, bnAb precursors were deleted, with remaining anergic B cells capable of being activated by germline-binding immunogens to make gp41-reactive immunoglobulin M (IgM). Immunized macaques made B cell clonal lineages targeted to the 2F5 bnAb epitope, but 2F5-like antibodies were either deleted or did not attain sufficient affinity for gp41-lipid complexes to achieve the neutralization potency of 2F5. Structural analysis of members of a vaccine-induced antibody lineage revealed that heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 (HCDR3) hydrophobicity was important for neutralization. Thus, gp41 bnAbs are controlled by immune tolerance, requiring vaccination strategies to transiently circumvent tolerance controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Zhang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Laurent Verkoczy
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - S Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nathan I Nicely
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles W Pemble
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Larimore
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Phillip D Greenberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrew Foulger
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jessica N Peel
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kan Luo
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Lu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ashley M Trama
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nathan Vandergrift
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas B Kepler
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Saunders KO, Nicely NI, Wiehe K, Bonsignori M, Meyerhoff RR, Parks R, Walkowicz WE, Aussedat B, Wu NR, Cai F, Vohra Y, Park PK, Eaton A, Go EP, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Barouch DH, Zhang R, Von Holle T, Overman RG, Anasti K, Sanders RW, Moody MA, Kepler TB, Korber B, Desaire H, Santra S, Letvin NL, Nabel GJ, Montefiori DC, Tomaras GD, Liao HX, Alam SM, Danishefsky SJ, Haynes BF. Vaccine Elicitation of High Mannose-Dependent Neutralizing Antibodies against the V3-Glycan Broadly Neutralizing Epitope in Nonhuman Primates. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2175-2188. [PMID: 28249163 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that target HIV-1 envelope (Env) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development. A bnAb target is the Env third variable loop (V3)-glycan site. To determine whether immunization could induce antibodies to the V3-glycan bnAb binding site, we repetitively immunized macaques over a 4-year period with an Env expressing V3-high mannose glycans. Env immunizations elicited plasma antibodies that neutralized HIV-1 expressing only high-mannose glycans-a characteristic shared by early bnAb B cell lineage members. A rhesus recombinant monoclonal antibody from a vaccinated macaque bound to the V3-glycan site at the same amino acids as broadly neutralizing antibodies. A structure of the antibody bound to glycan revealed that the three variable heavy-chain complementarity-determining regions formed a cavity into which glycan could insert and neutralized multiple HIV-1 isolates with high-mannose glycans. Thus, HIV-1 Env vaccination induced mannose-dependent antibodies with characteristics of V3-glycan bnAb precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O Saunders
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Nathan I Nicely
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - R Ryan Meyerhoff
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Baptiste Aussedat
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nelson R Wu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Fangping Cai
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yusuf Vohra
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peter K Park
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eden P Go
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Richard M Scearce
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ruijun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tarra Von Holle
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - R Glenn Overman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kara Anasti
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - S Munir Alam
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Barton F Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Daly A, Evans S, Ashmore C, Chahal S, Santra S, MacDonald A. Refining low protein modular feeds for children on low protein tube feeds with organic acidaemias. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 13:99-104. [PMID: 29034175 PMCID: PMC5633752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) who are dependent on tube feeding and require a protein restriction are commonly fed by ‘modular tube feeds’ consisting of several ingredients. A longitudinal, prospective two-phase study, conducted over 18 months assessed the long-term efficacy of a pre-measured protein-free composite feed. This was specifically designed to meet the non-protein nutritional requirements of children (aged over 1 year) with organic acidaemias on low protein enteral feeds and to be used as a supplement with an enteral feeding protein source. Methodology All non-protein individual feed ingredients were replaced with one protein-free composite feed supplying fat, carbohydrate, and micronutrients. Thirteen subjects, median age 7.4y (3–15.5y), all nutritionally tube dependent (supplying nutritional intake: ≥ 90%, n = 12; 75%, n = 1), and diagnosed with organic acidaemias (Propionic acidaemia, n = 6; Vitamin B12 non-responsive methyl malonic acidaemia, n = 4; Isovaleric acidaemia, n = 2; Glutaric aciduria type1, n = 1); were studied. Nutritional intake, biochemistry and anthropometry were monitored at week − 8, 0, 12, 26 and 79. Results Energy intake remained unchanged, providing 76% of estimated energy requirements. Dietary intakes of vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids significantly increased from week 0 to week 79, but sodium, potassium, magnesium, decosahexanoic acid and fibre did not meet suggested requirements. Plasma zinc, selenium, haemoglobin and MCV significantly improved, and growth remained satisfactory. Natural protein intake met WHO/FAO/UNU 2007 recommendations. Conclusions A protein-free composite feed formulated to meet the non-protein nutritional requirements of children aged over 1 year improved nutritional intake, biochemical nutritional status, and simplified enteral tube feeding regimens in children with organic acidaemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daly
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - S Evans
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - C Ashmore
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - S Chahal
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - S Santra
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - A MacDonald
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
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Santra S, Das NS, Besra N, Banerjee D, Chattopadhyay KK. Graphene-Anchored p-Type CuBO 2 Nanocrystals for a Transparent Cold Cathode. Langmuir 2017; 33:9961-9971. [PMID: 28837774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CuBO2 nanostructures were synthesized by employing a low-cost hydrothermal technique to combine into the CuBO2-RGO nanocomposite for the first time using chemically prepared graphene sheets. The nanohybrid samples were characterized for structural information using X-ray diffraction (XRD) that revealed the proper crystalline phase formation of CuBO2 unaltered by composite formation with graphene. Raman spectroscopic studies were employed to confirm the presence of graphene. A morphological study with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) suggested the proper wrapping of RGO sheets over CuBO2 nanocubes. Moreover, the close proximity of lattice planes of CuBO2 and RGO to each other was observed in high-resolution TEM studies that were correlated with the Raman spectroscopic studies. Finally, the samples were characterized to study the field emission (FE) properties of the same using a laboratory-made high-vacuum field-emission setup. Finite-element-based theoretical simulation studies were carried out to explain and compare the field emission properties with the experimental results. The FE properties of the composite samples were found to be tuned by the nature of wrapping the RGO sheets over the CuBO2 nanocubes, which was typically dependent upon the spiky morphology of the nanocubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santra
- Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics and ‡School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - N S Das
- Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics and ‡School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - N Besra
- Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics and ‡School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - D Banerjee
- Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics and ‡School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - K K Chattopadhyay
- Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics and ‡School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032, India
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Tripathy SP, Sahoo GS, Paul S, Kumar P, Sharma SD, Santra S, Pal A, Kundu A, Bandyopadhyay T, Avasthi DK. Generation and application of LET calibration curve for neutron dosimetry using CR-39 detector and microwave induced chemical etching. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:063301. [PMID: 28667951 DOI: 10.1063/1.4984621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microwave induced chemical etching (MICE) has been established as a faster and improved technique compared to other contemporary etching techniques for the development of tracks in a CR-39 detector. However, the methodology could not be applied for LET (linear energy transfer) spectrometry due to lack of a calibration curve using this method. For this purpose, a new LET calibration curve in the range of 12 keV/μm-799 keV/μm was generated considering different ions such as H, Li, C, O, and F on CR-39 having different LETs in water. An empirical relation was established from the obtained calibration curve for determining the value of LET (in water) from the value of V, the ratio of track etch rate to bulk etch rate. For application of this calibration curve in neutron dosimetry, CR-39 detectors were irradiated to neutrons generated from 120 and 142 MeV 16O+27Al systems followed by a similar MICE procedure. The absorbed dose (DLET) and the dose equivalent (HLET) were obtained from the LET spectra and were found to be 13% and 10% higher for 142 MeV 16O+27Al system than those for 120 MeV 16O+27Al system, respectively. The outcome of the study demonstrates the possibility of using the MICE technique for neutron dose estimation by CR-39 via LET spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tripathy
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - G S Sahoo
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Paul
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - P Kumar
- Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - S D Sharma
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S Santra
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A Pal
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A Kundu
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - T Bandyopadhyay
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - D K Avasthi
- Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi 110067, India
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Daly A, Evans S, Ashmore C, Chahal S, Santra S, MacDonald A. The challenge of nutritional profiling of a protein-free feed module for children on low protein tube feeds with organic acidaemias. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30:292-301. [PMID: 28294445 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteral tube feeding for children with organic acidaemias (OA) is recommended. Protein restriction, providing minimum safe levels of protein intake, is advocated. Standard paediatric tube feeding formulae provide more than the minimum safe protein requirements and are unsuitable in OA without modification. Modified paediatric enteral feeds consist of several modular ingredients. The aim of this prospective longitudinal interventional study was to assess the efficacy of a premeasured novel protein-free module developed for children aged over 12 months compared to conventional practice. METHODS In total, 15 children with OA (11.6-31 kg) needing enteral feeding were recruited. The protein-free module, from either a protein-free infant feed or modular ingredients, was replaced by the study feed. To ensure metabolic stability, energy and protein intake were unchanged. Dietary intake, anthropometry and nutritional biochemistry were recorded at baseline and week 26. RESULTS Dietary intakes of magnesium (P = 0.02), sodium (P = 0.005), vitamin D (P = 0.04), docosahexaenoic acid (P = 0.01) and arachidonic acid (P = 0.001) significantly improved; plasma selenium (P = 0.002) and whole blood glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.02) significantly increased. Feed preparation accuracy as measured by composition analysis showed consistent errors both in pre- and study feeds. CONCLUSIONS A protein-free module improved nutritional intake and biochemistry, although feed preparation errors remained a common finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daly
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Evans
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Ashmore
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Chahal
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Santra
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A MacDonald
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Pardi N, Hogan MJ, Pelc RS, Muramatsu H, Andersen H, DeMaso CR, Dowd KA, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Parks R, Wagner W, Granados A, Greenhouse J, Walker M, Willis E, Yu JS, McGee CE, Sempowski GD, Mui BL, Tam YK, Huang YJ, Vanlandingham D, Holmes VM, Balachandran H, Sahu S, Lifton M, Higgs S, Hensley SE, Madden TD, Hope MJ, Karikó K, Santra S, Graham BS, Lewis MG, Pierson TC, Haynes BF, Weissman D. Zika virus protection by a single low-dose nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccination. Nature 2017; 543:248-251. [PMID: 28151488 PMCID: PMC5344708 DOI: 10.1038/nature21428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 595] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently emerged as a pandemic associated with severe neuropathology in newborns and adults. There are no ZIKV-specific treatments or preventatives. Therefore, the development of a safe and effective vaccine is a high priority. Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a versatile and highly effective platform to deliver vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins. Here we demonstrate that a single low-dose intradermal immunization with lipid-nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA (mRNA-LNP) encoding the pre-membrane and envelope glycoproteins of a strain from the ZIKV outbreak in 2013 elicited potent and durable neutralizing antibody responses in mice and non-human primates. Immunization with 30 μg of nucleoside-modified ZIKV mRNA-LNP protected mice against ZIKV challenges at 2 weeks or 5 months after vaccination, and a single dose of 50 μg was sufficient to protect non-human primates against a challenge at 5 weeks after vaccination. These data demonstrate that nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP elicits rapid and durable protective immunity and therefore represents a new and promising vaccine candidate for the global fight against ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Hogan
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca S Pelc
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | - Christina R DeMaso
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kimberly A Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Laura L Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Richard M Scearce
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elinor Willis
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jae-Sung Yu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Charles E McGee
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Barbara L Mui
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yan-Jang Huang
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Biosecurity Research Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Dana Vanlandingham
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Biosecurity Research Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Veronica M Holmes
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Harikrishnan Balachandran
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Sujata Sahu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Michelle Lifton
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Stephen Higgs
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Biosecurity Research Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Thomas D Madden
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael J Hope
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katalin Karikó
- BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Mark G Lewis
- Bioqual Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850-3220, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Abstract
Controlled fasts can play a valuable role in the diagnosis and management of hypoglycaemia in paediatric clinical practice, but are no substitute for the collecting of appropriate critical samples at the time of hypoglycaemia for metabolic and endocrine studies. Fatty acid oxidation defects, hyperinsulinism and adrenal insufficiency should always be excluded prior to organising controlled fasts. Controlled fasts are safe if conducted in an experienced setting with strict protocols in place. Failure to adhere to protocol can defeat the purpose of the study and can potentially be dangerous. Proper planning in conjunction with the laboratory and close supervision by staff experienced in controlled fasts is crucial to ensure the best quality information is yielded from these procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sreekantam
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - M A Preece
- Department of Newborn Screening and Biochemical Genetics, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Vijay
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Raiman
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Santra
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Daly A, Evans S, Chahal S, Santra S, MacDonald A. Glycomacropeptide in children with phenylketonuria: does its phenylalanine content affect blood phenylalanine control? J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30:515-523. [PMID: 28111827 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In phenylketonuria (PKU), there are no data available for children with respect to evaluating casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) as an alternative to phenylalanine-free protein substitutes [Phe-free L-amino acid (AA)]. CGMP contains a residual amount of phenylalanine, which may alter blood phenylalanine control. METHODS In a prospective 6-month pilot study, we investigated the effect on blood phenylalanine control of CGMP-amino acid (CGMP-AA) protein substitute in 22 PKU subjects (13 boys, nine girls), median age (range) 11 years (6-16 years). Twelve received CGMP-AA and nine received Phe-free L-AA, (1 CGMP-AA withdrawal). Subjects partially or wholly replaced Phe-free L-AA with CGMP-AA. If blood phenylalanine exceeded the target range, the CGMP-AA dose was reduced and replaced with Phe-free L-amino acids. The control group remained on Phe-free L-AAs. Phenylalanine, tyrosine and Phe : Tyr ratio concentrations were compared with the results for the previous year. RESULTS In the CGMP-AA group, there was a significant increase in blood phenylalanine concentrations (pre-study, 275 μmol L-1 ; CGMP-AA, 317 μmol L-1 ; P = 0.02), a decrease in tyrosine concentrations (pre-study, 50 μmol L-1 ; CGMP-AA, 40 μmol L-1 ; P = 0.03) and an increase in Phe : Tyr ratios (pre-study, Phe : Tyr 4.9:1; CGMP-AA, Phe : Tyr 8:1; P = 0.02). In the control group there was a non-significant fall in phenylalanine concentrations (pre-study 325μmol/L: study 280μmol/L [p = 0.9], and no significant changes for tyrosine or phe/tyr ratios [p = 0.9]. Children taking the CGMP-AA found it more acceptable to L-AA. CONCLUSIONS Blood phenylalanine control declined with CGMP-AA but, by titrating the dose of CGMP-AA, blood phenylalanine control remained within target range. The additional intake of phenylalanine may have contributed to the change in blood phenylalanine concentration. CGMP-AA use requires careful monitoring in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daly
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Dietetic Department, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Evans
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Dietetic Department, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Chahal
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Dietetic Department, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Santra
- IMD (Inherited metabolic department) Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A MacDonald
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Dietetic Department, Birmingham, UK
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Lumba MA, Willis LM, Santra S, Rana R, Schito L, Rey S, Wouters BG, Nitz M. A β-galactosidase probe for the detection of cellular senescence by mass cytometry. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6388-6392. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01227f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme substrates for mass cytometry applications enable new dimensions in multiparametric cellular assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Lumba
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - L. M. Willis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - S. Santra
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - R. Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - L. Schito
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and The Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research
- University Health Network
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - S. Rey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and The Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research
- University Health Network
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - B. G. Wouters
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and The Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research
- University Health Network
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - M. Nitz
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
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Mukherjee A, Biswas P, Shaikh MM, Roy S, Goswami A, Pradhan M, Basu P, Santra S, Pandit S, Mahata K, Shrivastava A. Study of Quasielastic scattering for 7Li+ 159Tb at around- barrier energies. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201716300039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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45
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Santra S, Macdonald A, Preece MA, Olsen RK, Andresen BS. Long-term outcome of isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency diagnosed following an episode of ketotic hypoglycaemia. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 10:28-30. [PMID: 28053874 PMCID: PMC5198737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isobutyryl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (IBDD) is an inherited disorder of valine metabolism caused by mutations in ACAD8. Most reported patients have been diagnosed through newborn screening programmes due to elevated C4-carnitine levels and appear clinically asymptomatic. One reported non-screened patient had dilated cardiomyopathy and anaemia at the age of two years. We report a 13 month old girl diagnosed with IBDD after developing hypoglycaemic encephalopathy (blood glucose 1.9 mmol/l) during an episode of rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis. Metabolic investigations demonstrated an appropriate ketotic response (free fatty acids 2594 μmol/l, 3-hydroxybutyrate 3415 μmol/l), mildly elevated plasma lactate (3.4 mmol/l), increased C4-carnitine on blood spot and plasma acylcarnitine analysis and other metabolic abnormalities secondary to ketosis. After recovery, C4-carnitine remained increased and isobutyrylglycine was detected on urine organic acid analysis. Free carnitine was normal in all acylcarnitine samples. IBDD was confirmed by finding a homozygous c.845C > T substitution in ACAD8. The patient was given, but has not used, a glucose polymer emergency regimen and after ten years' follow-up has had no further episodes of hypoglycaemia nor has she developed cardiomyopathy or anaemia. Psychomotor development has been normal to date. Though we suspect IBDD did not contribute to hypoglycaemia in this patient, patients should be followed-up carefully and glucose polymer emergency regimens may be indicated if recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santra
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - A Macdonald
- Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - M A Preece
- Department of Newborn Screening and Biochemical Genetics, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - R K Olsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B S Andresen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; The Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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46
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Luo K, Liao HX, Zhang R, Easterhoff D, Wiehe K, Gurley TC, Armand LC, Allen AA, Von Holle TA, Marshall DJ, Whitesides JF, Pritchett J, Foulger A, Hernandez G, Parks R, Lloyd KE, Stolarchuk C, Sawant S, Peel J, Yates NL, Dunford E, Arora S, Wang A, Bowman CM, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Xia SM, Bonsignori M, Pollara J, Edwards RW, Santra S, Letvin NL, Tartaglia J, Francis D, Sinangil F, Lee C, Kaewkungwal J, Nitayaphan S, Pitisuttithum P, Rerks-Ngarm S, Michael NL, Kim JH, Alam SM, Vandergrift NA, Ferrari G, Montefiori DC, Tomaras GD, Haynes BF, Moody MA. Tissue memory B cell repertoire analysis after ALVAC/AIDSVAX B/E gp120 immunization of rhesus macaques. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e88522. [PMID: 27942585 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ALVAC prime/ALVAC + AIDSVAX B/E boost RV144 vaccine trial induced an estimated 31% efficacy in a low-risk cohort where HIV‑1 exposures were likely at mucosal surfaces. An immune correlates study demonstrated that antibodies targeting the V2 region and in a secondary analysis antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), in the presence of low envelope-specific (Env-specific) IgA, correlated with decreased risk of infection. Thus, understanding the B cell repertoires induced by this vaccine in systemic and mucosal compartments are key to understanding the potential protective mechanisms of this vaccine regimen. We immunized rhesus macaques with the ALVAC/AIDSVAX B/E gp120 vaccine regimen given in RV144, and then gave a boost 6 months later, after which the animals were necropsied. We isolated systemic and intestinal vaccine Env-specific memory B cells. Whereas Env-specific B cell clonal lineages were shared between spleen, draining inguinal, anterior pelvic, posterior pelvic, and periaortic lymph nodes, members of Env‑specific B cell clonal lineages were absent in the terminal ileum. Env‑specific antibodies were detectable in rectal fluids, suggesting that IgG antibodies present at mucosal sites were likely systemically produced and transported to intestinal mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Luo
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Justin Pollara
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - R Whitney Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Norman L Letvin
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Donald Francis
- Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Faruk Sinangil
- Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carter Lee
- Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jaranit Kaewkungwal
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical and Public Health Informatics BIOPHICS, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sorachai Nitayaphan
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences-Royal Thai Army Component, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Nelson L Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jerome H Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - S Munir Alam
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology
| | - Nathan A Vandergrift
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Immunology
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Immunology
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute.,Department of Immunology.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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47
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Astronomo RD, Santra S, Ballweber-Fleming L, Westerberg KG, Mach L, Hensley-McBain T, Sutherland L, Mildenberg B, Morton G, Yates NL, Mize GJ, Pollara J, Hladik F, Ochsenbauer C, Denny TN, Warrier R, Rerks-Ngarm S, Pitisuttithum P, Nitayapan S, Kaewkungwal J, Ferrari G, Shaw GM, Xia SM, Liao HX, Montefiori DC, Tomaras GD, Haynes BF, McElrath JM. Neutralization Takes Precedence Over IgG or IgA Isotype-related Functions in Mucosal HIV-1 Antibody-mediated Protection. EBioMedicine 2016; 14:97-111. [PMID: 27919754 PMCID: PMC5161443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection occurs primarily through mucosal transmission. Application of biologically relevant mucosal models can advance understanding of the functional properties of antibodies that mediate HIV protection, thereby guiding antibody-based vaccine development. Here, we employed a human ex vivo vaginal HIV-1 infection model and a rhesus macaque in vivo intrarectal SHIV challenge model to probe the protective capacity of monoclonal broadly-neutralizing (bnAb) and non-neutralizing Abs (nnAbs) that were functionally modified by isotype switching. For human vaginal explants, we developed a replication-competent, secreted NanoLuc reporter virus system and showed that CD4 binding site bnAbs b12 IgG1 and CH31 IgG1 and IgA2 isoforms potently blocked HIV-1JR-CSF and HIV-1Bal26 infection. However, IgG1 and IgA nnAbs, either alone or together, did not inhibit infection despite the presence of FcR-expressing effector cells in the tissue. In macaques, the CH31 IgG1 and IgA2 isoforms infused before high-dose SHIV challenge were completely to partially protective, respectively, while nnAbs (CH54 IgG1 and CH38 mIgA2) were non-protective. Importantly, in both mucosal models IgG1 isotype bnAbs were more protective than the IgA2 isotypes, attributable in part to greater neutralization activity of the IgG1 variants. These findings underscore the importance of potent bnAb induction as a primary goal of HIV-1 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena D Astronomo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center of Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lamar Ballweber-Fleming
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katharine G Westerberg
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Linh Mach
- Center of Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany Hensley-McBain
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin Mildenberg
- Center of Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgeanna Morton
- Center of Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole L Yates
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory J Mize
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin Pollara
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Florian Hladik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Thomas N Denny
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ranjit Warrier
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Sorachai Nitayapan
- Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Guido Ferrari
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - George M Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shi-Mao Xia
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Juliana M McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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48
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Graham JH, Johnson EG, Myers ME, Young M, Rajasekaran P, Das S, Santra S. Potential of Nano-Formulated Zinc Oxide for Control of Citrus Canker on Grapefruit Trees. Plant Dis 2016; 100:2442-2447. [PMID: 30686171 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-16-0598-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial activity of experimental formulations of two structurally different nano-zinc oxide materials, plate-like Zinkicide SG4 and particulate Zinkicide SG6, was evaluated against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, the cause of citrus canker. In vitro assay demonstrated Zinkicide SG4 had a twofold lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Escherichia coli and X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis (62.5 to 250 µg/ml) compared with copper sulfate (250 µg/ml), copper hydroxide (250 to 500 µg/ml), or cuprous oxide/zinc oxide (125 to 250 µg/ml). Zinkicide SG6 had a sevenfold to eightfold lower MIC against Escherichia coli and X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis (31 to 250 μg/ml). Leaves of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and fruit of 'Ruby Red' grapefruit (C. paradisi) were evaluated for citrus canker disease control. A greenhouse assay with foliage demonstrated that spray treatment with Zinkicide reduced citrus canker lesion development after injection-infiltration of X. citri subsp. citri into the leaf intercellular space. In field trials conducted in Southeast Florida in 2014 and 2015, Zinkicide SG4 and SG6 reduction of grapefruit canker incidence exceeded that of cuprous oxide and cuprous oxide/zinc oxide bactericides. Zinkicide formulations were also effective against the fungal diseases, citrus scab (Elsinoe fawcetti) and melanose (Diaporthe citri), on grapefruit. No sign of phytotoxicity to the fruit rind was observed during either season. Antimicrobial activity of Zinkicide for protection of leaves and fruit against X. citri subsp. citri was comparable or exceeded that for commercial copper and zinc oxide formulations which may be attributed to translaminar movement of Zinkicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Graham
- University of Florida, IFAS, Soil and Water Science and Plant Pathology Departments, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred 33850
| | - E G Johnson
- University of Florida, IFAS, Soil and Water Science and Plant Pathology Departments, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred 33850
| | - M E Myers
- University of Florida, IFAS, Soil and Water Science and Plant Pathology Departments, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred 33850
| | - M Young
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - P Rajasekaran
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - S Das
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826
| | - S Santra
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826
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49
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Bradley T, Yang G, Ilkayeva O, Holl TM, Zhang R, Zhang J, Santra S, Fox CB, Reed SG, Parks R, Bowman CM, Bouton-Verville H, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Vandergrift N, Kepler TB, Moody MA, Liao HX, Alam SM, McLendon R, Everitt JI, Newgard CB, Verkoczy L, Kelsoe G, Haynes BF. HIV-1 Envelope Mimicry of Host Enzyme Kynureninase Does Not Disrupt Tryptophan Metabolism. J Immunol 2016; 197:4663-4673. [PMID: 27849170 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) has evolved to subvert the host immune system, hindering viral control by the host. The tryptophan metabolic enzyme kynureninase (KYNU) is mimicked by a portion of the HIV Env gp41 membrane proximal region (MPER) and is cross-reactive with the HIV broadly neutralizing Ab (bnAb) 2F5. Molecular mimicry of host proteins by pathogens can lead to autoimmune disease. In this article, we demonstrate that neither the 2F5 bnAb nor HIV MPER-KYNU cross-reactive Abs elicited by immunization with an MPER peptide-liposome vaccine in 2F5 bnAb VHDJH and VLJL knock-in mice and rhesus macaques modified KYNU activity or disrupted tissue tryptophan metabolism. Thus, molecular mimicry by HIV-1 Env that promotes the evasion of host anti-HIV-1 Ab responses can be directed toward nonfunctional host protein epitopes that do not impair host protein function. Therefore, the 2F5 HIV Env gp41 region is a key and safe target for HIV-1 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Bradley
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; .,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - T Matt Holl
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Ruijun Zhang
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Sampa Santra
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | | | - Steve G Reed
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98102
| | - Robert Parks
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Cindy M Bowman
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | | | - Laura L Sutherland
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Richard M Scearce
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Nathan Vandergrift
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Thomas B Kepler
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Hua-Xin Liao
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - S Munir Alam
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Roger McLendon
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Laurent Verkoczy
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; .,Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; .,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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50
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Sreekantam S, Nicklaus-Wollenteit I, Orr J, Sharif K, Vijay S, McKiernan PJ, Santra S. Successful long-term outcome of liver transplantation in late-onset lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. Pediatr Transplant 2016; 20:851-4. [PMID: 27392817 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset LAL deficiency, previously referred to as cholesteryl ester storage disorder, is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by accumulation of cholesteryl esters. It has a heterogeneous clinical phenotype including abdominal pain, poor growth, hyperlipidemia with vascular complications and hepatosplenomegaly. End-stage liver disease may occur, but there are few reports of successful LT. There are also concerns that systemic manifestations of the disease might persist post-LT. We report a case with excellent outcome eight yr following LT. The subject was noted to have asymptomatic hepatosplenomegaly during an intercurrent illness, and LAL deficiency was confirmed with compound heterozygosity in the LIPA. Despite dietary fat restriction, he developed signs of progressive liver disease and subsequently developed hepatopulmonary syndrome. He underwent cadaveric LT at the age of nine and a half yr and recovered with prompt resolution of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Eight yr post-transplant he has normal growth, normal lipid profile, and liver and renal function tests. Liver histology showed no evidence of disease recurrence at this stage. LT in this subject resulted in an excellent functional correction of late-onset LAL deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sreekantam
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - J Orr
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K Sharif
- Department of Hepatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Vijay
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - P J McKiernan
- Department of Hepatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Santra
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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