1
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Wang S, Zhuang Z, Chen X, Wang Y, Li X, Yang M, Wu Y, Peng Q, Chen C, Li Y. 3D Oxide-Derived Ru Catalyst for Ultra-Efficient Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone. Small 2024; 20:e2306227. [PMID: 37806748 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
γ-valerolactone (GVL) is a key value-added chemical catalytically produced from levulinic acid (LA), an important biomass derivative platform chemical. Here an ultra-efficient 3D Ru catalyst generated by in situ reduction of RuZnOx nanoboxes is reported; the catalyst features a well-defined structure of highly dispersed in situ oxide-derived Ru (IOD-Ru) clusters (≈1 nm in size) spatially confined within the 3D nanocages with rich mesopores, which guarantees a maximized atom utilization with a high exposure of Ru active sites as well as a 3D accessibility for substrate molecules. The IOD-Ru exhibits ultrahigh performance for the hydrogenation of LA into GVL with a record-breaking turnover frequency (TOF) up to 59400 h-1 , 14 times higher than that of the ex situ reduction of RuZnOx nanoboxes catalyst. Structural characterizations and theoretical calculations collectively indicate that the defect-rich and coordination-unsaturated IOD-Ru sites can boost the activation of the carbonyl group in LA with a significantly lowered energy barrier of hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zewen Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mingde Yang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yulong Wu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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Gundekari S, Karmee SK. Catalytic Conversion of Levulinic Acid into 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:242. [PMID: 38202825 PMCID: PMC10780552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomass-derived furanics play a pivotal role in chemical industries, with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF), a hydrogenated product of levulinic acid (LA), being particularly significant. 2-MTHF finds valuable applications in the fuel, polymer, and chemical sectors, serving as a key component in P-series biofuel and acknowledged as a renewable solvent for various chemical processes. Numerous research groups have explored catalytic systems to efficiently and selectively convert LA to 2-MTHF, using diverse metal-supported catalysts in different solvents under batch or continuous process conditions. This comprehensive review delves into the impact of metal-supported catalysts, encompassing co-metals and co-catalysts, on the synthesis of 2-MTHF from LA. The article also elucidates the influence of different reaction parameters, such as temperature, type and quantity of hydrogen source, and time. Furthermore, the review provides insights into reaction mechanisms for all documented catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreedhar Gundekari
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, KL (Deemed to be) University, R.V.S Nagar, Moinabad-Chilkur Rd, Aziznagar 500075, Telangana, India
| | - Sanjib Kumar Karmee
- The Odisha Renewable Energy Research Institute (ORERI), Subarnapur 767018, Odisha, India
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3
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Fulignati S, Di Fidio N, Antonetti C, Raspolli Galletti AM, Licursi D. Challenges and Opportunities in the Catalytic Synthesis of Diphenolic Acid and Evaluation of Its Application Potential. Molecules 2023; 29:126. [PMID: 38202709 PMCID: PMC10779658 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diphenolic acid, or 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid, represents one of the potentially most interesting bio-products obtainable from the levulinic acid supply-chain. It represents a valuable candidate for the replacement of bisphenol A, which is strongly questioned for its toxicological issues. Diphenolic acid synthesis involves the condensation reaction between phenol and levulinic acid and requires the presence of a Brønsted acid as a catalyst. In this review, the state of the art related to the catalytic issues of its synthesis have been critically discussed, with particular attention to the heterogeneous systems, the reference benchmark being represented by the homogeneous acids. The main opportunities in the field of heterogeneous catalysis are deeply discussed, as well as the bottlenecks to be overcome to facilitate diphenolic acid production on an industrial scale. The regioselectivity of the reaction is a critical point because only the p,p'-isomer is of industrial interest; thus, several strategies aiming at the improvement of the selectivity towards this isomer are considered. The future potential of adopting alkyl levulinates, instead of levulinic acid, as starting materials for the synthesis of new classes of biopolymers, such as new epoxy and phenolic resins and polycarbonates, is also briefly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fulignati
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.F.); (N.D.F.); (C.A.); (D.L.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Fidio
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.F.); (N.D.F.); (C.A.); (D.L.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Antonetti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.F.); (N.D.F.); (C.A.); (D.L.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.F.); (N.D.F.); (C.A.); (D.L.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Licursi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (S.F.); (N.D.F.); (C.A.); (D.L.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
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4
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Popova M, Dimitrov M, Boycheva S, Dimitrov I, Ublekov F, Koseva N, Atanasova G, Karashanova D, Szegedi Á. Ni-Cu and Ni-Co-Modified Fly Ash Zeolite Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone. Molecules 2023; 29:99. [PMID: 38202681 PMCID: PMC10779998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Monometallic (Ni, Co, Cu) and bimetallic (Ni-Co, Ni-Cu) 10-20 wt.% metal containing catalysts supported on fly ash zeolite were prepared by post-synthesis impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, N2 physisorption, XPS and H2-TPR methods. Finely dispersed metal oxides and mixed oxides were detected after the decomposition of the impregnating salt on the relevant zeolite support. Via reduction intermetallic, NiCo and NiCu phases were identified in the bimetallic catalysts. The catalysts were studied in hydrodeoxygenation of lignocellulosic biomass-derived levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone (GVL) in a batch system by water as a solvent. Bimetallic, 10 wt.% Ni, and 10 wt.% Cu or Co containing fly ash zeolite catalysts showed higher catalytic activity than monometallic ones. Their selectivity to GVL reached 70-85% at about 100% conversion. The hydrogenation activity of catalysts was found to be stronger compared to their hydration ability; therefore, the reaction proceeds through formation of 4-hydroxy pentanoic acid as the only intermediate compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Momtchil Dimitrov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Silviya Boycheva
- Department of Thermal and Nuclear Power Engineering, Technical University, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivan Dimitrov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Filip Ublekov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (F.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Neli Koseva
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (F.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Genoveva Atanasova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Daniela Karashanova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ágnes Szegedi
- HUN-REN, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2., 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Wang J, Lu X, Guo M, Zhang R, Xiong J, Qiao Y, Yu Z. Reductive Amination of Levulinic Acid to Pyrrolidones: Key Step in Biomass Valorization towards Nitrogen-Containing Chemicals. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202301091. [PMID: 37656427 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the field of biomass conversion is gradually moving towards an encouraging stage. The preparation of nitrogen-containing chemicals using various biomass resources instead of fossil resources do not only reduce carbon emissions, but also diversify the products of biomass conversion, thus increasing the economic competitiveness of biomass refining systems. Levulinic acid (LA) can be used as a promising intermediate in biomass conversion for further synthesis of pyrrolidone via reductive amination. However, there are still many critical issues to be solved. Particularly, the specific effects of catalysts on the performance of LA reductive amination have not been sufficiently revealed, and the potential impacts of key conditional factors have not been clearly elucidated. In view of this, this review attempts to provide theoretical insights through an in-depth interpretation of the above key issues. The contribution of catalysts to the reductive amination of LA as well as the catalyst structural preferences for improving catalytic performance are discussed. In addition, the role of key conditional factors is discussed. The insights presented in this review will contribute to the design of catalyst nanostructures and the rational configuration of green reaction conditions, which may provide inspiration to facilitate the nitrogen-related transformation of more biomass platform molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Mengyan Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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6
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Kim J, Ravi S, Kim K, Choi Y, Park HH, Bae YS. Novel Porous Organic Polymer Catalyst with Phosphate and Sulfonic Acid Sites for Facile Esterification of Levulinic Acid. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:48485-48494. [PMID: 37792023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived value-added materials such as levulinic acid (LA) are favorable natural resources for producing ester-based biolubricants owing to their biodegradability, nontoxicity, and excellent metal-adhering properties. However, highly active catalysts must be developed to carry out efficient esterification of LA with aliphatic alcohols, especially long-chain aliphatic alcohols. In this study, we developed a novel porous covalent organic polymer catalyst (BPOP-SO3H) with dual acid sites, phosphate and sulfonic acid sites, for the esterification of LA. The prepared BPOP-SO3H catalyst was verified using various surface analysis techniques. BPOP-SO3H exhibited 98% LA conversion with n-butanol and 99% selectivity for butyl levulinate ester within 30 min, which is superior to that of most reported catalysts. BPOP-SO3H also showed high LA conversion and ester selectivity when other aliphatic alcohols were used. Moreover, BPOP-SO3H showed good recyclability for five consecutive cycles. We believe that incorporating a high density of acid sites into a porous polymer with a large surface area and hierarchical pores is a promising approach for developing heterogeneous acid catalysts for the production of alkyl levulinate esters from LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seenu Ravi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ho Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sang Bae
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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7
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Calcio Gaudino E, Manzoli M, Testa ML, La Parola V, Grillo G, Cravotto G, Acciardo E, Tabasso S. Batch and Flow Green Microwave-Assisted Catalytic Conversion Of Levulinic Acid to Pyrrolidones. ChemSusChem 2023:e202301200. [PMID: 37672358 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a new sustainable protocol for the microwave-assisted catalytic conversion of levulinic acid into N-substituted pyrrolidones over tailor-made mono (Pd, Au) or bimetallic (PdAu) catalysts supported on either highly mesoporous silica (HMS) or titania-doped HMS, exploiting the advantages of dielectric heating. MW-assisted reductive aminations of levulinic acid with several amines were first optimized in batch mode under hydrogen pressure (5 bar) in solvent-free conditions. Good-to-excellent yields were recorded at 150 °C in 90 min over the PdTiHMS and PdAuTiHMS, that proved recyclable and almost completely stable after six reaction cycles. Aiming to scale-up this protocol, a MW-assisted flow reactor was used in combination with different green solvents. Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) provided a 99 % yield of N-(4-methoxyphenyl) pyrrolidin-2-one at 150 °C over PdTiHMS. The described MW-assisted flow synthesis proves to be a safe procedure suitable for further industrial applications, while averting the use of toxic organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Calcio Gaudino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Maela Manzoli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
- NIS - Centre for Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Testa
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy)
| | - Valeria La Parola
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy)
| | - Giorgio Grillo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
- NIS - Centre for Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Acciardo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabasso
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
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8
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Pinto-Ibieta F, Cea M, Serrano A, Felissia FE, Area MC, Cabrera F, Ciudad G. Toward the use of mixed microbial cultures for the biological production of adipic and levulinic acid. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1224543. [PMID: 37448576 PMCID: PMC10338001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological synthesis of high added-value compounds like adipic acid (AA), levulinic acid (LA), or polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using pure culture has been separately reported. However, pure culture requires sterile conditions and the use of specific carbon sources resulting in high operating costs. Different alternatives based on the use of mixed microbial cultures (MMC) have been explored to resolve this problem. MMC have been widely reported for the production of PHB, but scarcely reported for LA production and never for AA synthesis. This work presents a novel strategy for the co-production of AA LA, and PHB using MMC. The strategy consists in selecting an MMC producer of AA, LA and PHB from an inoculum obtained from a wastewater treatment plant, which is then subjected to the feast and famine culture strategy in a sequential batch reactor, coupled with a batch reactor step to enhance the accumulation of AA and LA. The results showed that the MMC could produce a 16 ± 2, 23 ± 1 and 5 ± %1 (g compound/g volatile solids) of AA, LA and PHB, respectively, using a non-fermented residual biomass rich in pentose, namely synthetic hemicellulose hydrolysate (SHH) as the carbon source. These results contribute to generating future research to better understand and optimise the biosynthesis of these compounds by MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pinto-Ibieta
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mara Cea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando E. Felissia
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Posadas, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Area
- IMAM, UNaM, CONICET, FCEQYN, Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), Posadas, Argentina
| | - Francisco Cabrera
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gustavo Ciudad
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Instituto del Medio Ambiente (IMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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9
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Lenzi L, Degli Esposti M, Braccini S, Siracusa C, Quartinello F, Guebitz GM, Puppi D, Morselli D, Fabbri P. Further Step in the Transition from Conventional Plasticizers to Versatile Bioplasticizers Obtained by the Valorization of Levulinic Acid and Glycerol. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:9455-9469. [PMID: 37389191 PMCID: PMC10302884 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, the use of phthalates has been restricted worldwide due to their well-known toxicity. Nonetheless, phthalates are still widely used for their versatility, high plasticization effect, low cost, and lack of valuable alternatives. This study presents the fully bio-based and versatile glycerol trilevulinate plasticizer (GT) that was obtained by the valorization of glycerol and levulinic acid. The mild-conditions and solvent-free esterification used to synthesize GT was optimized by investigating the product by Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy. An increasing content of GT, from 10 to 40 parts by weight per hundred parts of resin (phr), was tested with poly(vinyl chloride), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(lactic acid), and poly(caprolactone), which typically present complicated processability and/or mechanical properties. GT produced a significant plasticization effect on both amorphous and semicrystalline polymers, reducing their glass-transition temperature and stiffness, as observed by differential scanning calorimetry measurements and tensile tests. Remarkably, GT also decreased both the melting temperature and crystallinity degree of semicrystalline polymers. Furthermore, GT underwent enzyme-mediated hydrolysis to its initial constituents, envisioning a promising prospective for environmental safety and upcycling. Furthermore, 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) tests, using mouse embryo fibroblasts, proved that GT is an unharmful alternative plasticizer, which makes it potentially applicable in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lenzi
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via U. Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Micaela Degli Esposti
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via U. Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Simona Braccini
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- BIOLab
Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Siracusa
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and
Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Felice Quartinello
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and
Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and
Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Dario Puppi
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- BIOLab
Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Morselli
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via U. Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Fabbri
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via U. Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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10
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Shao YR, Zhao F, Wei ZC, Huo YF, Dai JJ, Hu TL. Confining Co-Based Nanocatalysts by Ultrathin Nanotubes for Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass Derivatives. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:26637-26649. [PMID: 37233726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) based on non-noble-metal catalysts has emerged as an environmentally friendly way for the utilization of biomass resources. However, the development of efficient and stable non-noble-metal catalysts is crucially challenging due to their inherent inactivity. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-transformed CoAl nanotube catalyst (CoAl NT160-H) with unique confinement effect was developed via a "MOF transformation and reduction" strategy, which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the CTH reaction of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) with isopropanol (2-PrOH) as the H donor. Comprehensive characterizations and experimental investigations uncovered that the confined effect of the ultrathin amorphous Al2O3 nanotubes could modulate the electronic structure and enhance the Lewis acidity of Co nanoparticles (NPs), thus contributing to the adsorption and activation of LA and 2-PrOH. The synergy between the electropositive Co NPs and Lewis acid-base sites of the CoAl NT160-H catalyst facilitated the transfer of α-H in 2-PrOH to the C atom of carbonyl in LA during the CTH process via a Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley mechanism. Moreover, the confined Co NPs embedded on am-Al2O3 nanotubes endowed the CoAl NT160-H catalyst with superior stability and the catalytic activity was nearly unchanged for at least ten cycles, far surpassing that of the Co/am-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by the traditional impregnation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zheng-Chang Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ying-Fei Huo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jing-Jing Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tong-Liang Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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11
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Bounoukta CE, Megías-Sayago C, Navarro JC, Ammari F, Ivanova S, Centeno MÁ, Odriozola JA. Functionalized Biochars as Supports for Ru/C Catalysts: Tunable and Efficient Materials for γ-Valerolactone Production. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1129. [PMID: 36986022 PMCID: PMC10051761 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cotton stalks-based biochars were prepared and used to synthetize Ru-supported catalysts for selective production of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media. Different biochars' pre-treatments (HNO3, ZnCl2, CO2 or a combination of them) were carried out to activate the final carbonaceous support. Nitric acid treatment resulted in microporous biochars with high surface area, whereas the chemical activation with ZnCl2 substantially increases the mesoporous surface. The combination of both treatments led to a support with exceptional textural properties allowing the preparation of Ru/C catalyst with 1422 m2/g surface area, 1210 m2/g of it being a mesoporous surface. The impact of the biochars' pre-treatments on the catalytic performance of Ru-based catalysts is fully discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charf Eddine Bounoukta
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques-LGPC, Département de Génie des Procéés, Faculté de Technologie, Université FERHAT ABBAS SETIF-1, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Cristina Megías-Sayago
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fatima Ammari
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques-LGPC, Département de Génie des Procéés, Faculté de Technologie, Université FERHAT ABBAS SETIF-1, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Centeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Odriozola
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Zhou T, Meng XB, Du FS, Li ZC. Fully Bio-based Poly(ketal-ester)s by Ring-opening Polymerization of a Bicylcic Lactone from Glycerol and Levulinic Acid. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201238. [PMID: 36756897 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
A fully renewable bio-based bicyclic lactone containing a five-membered cyclic ketal moiety, 7-methyl-3,8,10-trioxabicyclo[5.2.1]decan-4-one (TOD), was synthesized through a two-step acid-catalyzed process from glycerol and levulinic acid. The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of TOD at 30°C with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator and 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) as the catalyst can afford high molar mass PTOD with a cis-2.4-disubstitued 2-methyl 1,3-dioxolane moiety in its repeating unit. PTOD is an amorphous polymer with a glass transition temperature (Tg ) of 13°C. It can be hydrolyzed into structurally defined small molecules under acidic or basic conditions by the selective cleavage of either the cyclic ketal or the ester linkage respectively. The TBD-catalyzed copolymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) and TOD at -20°C was investigated. It was confirmed that L-LA polymerized quickly with racemization to form PLA, followed by a slow incorporation of TOD into the formed PLA chains via transesterification. By varying the feed ratios of L-LA to TOD, a series of random copolymers (PLA-co-PTOD) with different TOD incorporation ratios and tunable Tg s were obtained. Under acidic conditions, PLA-co-PTOD degrades much faster than PLA via the selective cleavage of the cyclic ketal linkages. This work provides insights for the development of more sustainable and acid-accelerated degradable alternatives to aliphatic polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Bin Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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13
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García-Sancho C, Mérida-Robles JM, Cecilia-Buenestado JA, Moreno-Tost R, Maireles-Torres PJ. The Role of Copper in the Hydrogenation of Furfural and Levulinic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a great interest in the development of sustainable and green technologies for production of biofuels and chemicals. In this sense, much attention is being paid to lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock, as alternative to fossil-based resources, inasmuch as its fractions can be transformed into value-added chemicals. Two important platform molecules derived from lignocellulosic sugars are furfural and levulinic acid, which can be transformed into a large spectrum of chemicals, by hydrogenation, oxidation, or condensation, with applications as solvents, agrochemicals, fragrances, pharmaceuticals, among others. However, in many cases, noble metal-based catalysts, scarce and expensive, are used. Therefore, an important effort is performed to search the most abundant, readily available, and cheap transition-metal-based catalysts. Among these, copper-based catalysts have been proposed, and the present review deals with the hydrogenation of furfural and levulinic acid, with Cu-based catalysts, into several relevant chemicals: furfuryl alcohol, 2-methylfuran, and cyclopentanone from FUR, and γ-valerolactone and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from LA. Special emphasis has been placed on catalytic processes used (gas- and liquid-phase, catalytic transfer hydrogenation), under heterogeneous catalysis. Moreover, the effect of addition of other metal to Cu-based catalysts has been considered, as well as the issue related to catalyst stability in reusing studies.
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14
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Liu Y, Gu C, Chen L, Zhou W, Liao Y, Wang C, Ma L. Ru-MnO x Interaction for Efficient Hydrodeoxygenation of Levulinic Acid and Its Derivatives. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:4184-4193. [PMID: 36626197 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-oxide interaction was widely observed in supported metal catalysts, playing a significant role in tuning the catalytic performance. Here, we reported that the interaction of Ru and MnOx was able to facilitate the hydrodeoxygenation of levulinic acid (LA) to 2-butanol with a high turnover frequency (1.99 × 106 h-1), turnover number (4411), and yield (98.8%). Moreover, this catalyst was capable of removing the hydroxymethyl group of lactones and diol with high yields of products. The high activity of the Ru-MnOx catalyst was due to the strong Ru-MnOx interaction, which facilitated reduction of Ru oxide to Ru0 and Mn oxide to Mn2+. The increased fractions of Ru0 and Mn2+ provided metal and Lewis acid sites, respectively, and therefore facilitated LA hydrodeoxygenation. A linear correlation between the hydrodeoxygenation activity of the Ru-MnOx catalyst and [Mn2+]ln([Ru0]) was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- School of Resources & Environment and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031PR China
| | - Canshuo Gu
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510640, PR China
| | - Lungang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, PR China
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources & Environment and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031PR China
| | - Yuhe Liao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510640, PR China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510640, PR China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, PR China
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15
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Clauser NM, Felissia FE, Area MC, Vallejos ME. Process Design for Value-Added Products in a Biorefinery Platform from Agro and Forest Industrial Byproducts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020274. [PMID: 36679155 PMCID: PMC9862595 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Agroforestry wastes are industrial byproducts available locally such as eucalyptus sawdust (EUC) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB). These byproducts can be used as lignocellulosic raw materials to produce high-value products. This study is a techno-economic analysis of four potential scenarios to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and levulinic acid (LA) from hemicellulosic sugars by a fermentative pathway in a biomass waste biorefinery. Mass and energy balances were developed, and technical and economic assessments were carried out to obtain gas, char, and tar from residual solids from autohydrolysis treatment. It was determined that microbial culture could be an attractive option for added-value product production. More than 1500 t/year of PHB and 2600 t/year of LA could be obtained by the proposed pathways. Microbial and enzymatic conversion of LA from sugars could significantly improve energy consumption on the conversion strategy. The products from solid residual valorization (char and tar) are the most important for economic performance. Finally, a variation in specific variables could mean substantial improvements in the final indicators of the processes, reaching a higher NPV than USD 17 million.
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16
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Shao Y, Chen J, Ding X, Lu W, Shen D, Long Y. Valorization of hexoses into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid in acidic seawater under microwave hydrothermal conditions. Environ Technol 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36369796 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2143294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Typical value-added platform chemicals 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) can be obtained from hexoses under microwave hydrothermal (MHT) conditions. This study explored the detailed transformation process regarding the MHT products in acidic seawater obtained using glucose and fructose as raw materials. The facile conversion of fructose compared with glucose was mainly ascribed to their different activation energies (56.721 and 88.594 kJ mol-1, respectively). The HMF and LA product yields were strongly affected by the MHT temperature and holding time in two types of hexose solution. Undesirable humins were found to inevitably form under each set of reaction conditions. The carbon balance results for reactants and products showed that up to 60% of fructose carbon was converted into value-added chemicals, while 47% of glucose carbon underwent the same conversion in acidic seawater under the optimal MHT conditions. This study provides further knowledge regarding the role of microwave heating combined with acidic seawater in green chemistry and is a useful reference for the biorefinery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Shao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Chen
- Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Shangyu Yingtai Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Yang Y, Zhang S, Gu L, Hao S. Ru Single Atoms on One-Dimensional CF@g-C 3N 4 Hierarchy as Highly Stable Catalysts for Aqueous Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7464. [PMID: 36363056 PMCID: PMC9658288 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a stable catalyst with Ru single atoms anchored on a one-dimensional carbon fiber@graphitic carbon nitride hierarchy, by assembling wet wipes composed of fiber-derived carbon fiber (CF), melamine-derived graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and RuCl3 before NaBH4 reduction. The atomically dispersed Ru species (3.0 wt%) are tightly attached via N-coordination provided by exterior g-C3N4 nanosheets, and further stabilized by the interior mesoporous CF. The obtained CF@g-C3N4-Ru SAs catalyst can be cycled six times without notable leaching of Ru or loss of GVL yield in the acidic media. This catalyst is more stable than Ru nanoparticles supported on CF@g-C3N4, as well as Ru single atoms anchored on CF and g-C3N4, and proves to be one of the most efficient metal catalysts for aqueous LA hydrogenation to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The isolated Ru atoms by strong N-coordination, and their enhanced electron/mass transfer afforded by the one-dimensional hierarchy, can be responsible for the excellent durability of CF@g-C3N4-Ru SAs under harsh reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Suoying Zhang
- Institution of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, China
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18
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Tiwari M, Wagh D, Dicks JS, Keogh J, Ansaldi M, Ranade VV, Manyar HG. Solvent Free Upgrading of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with Levulinic Acid to HMF Levulinate Using Tin Exchanged Tungstophosphoric Acid Supported on K-10 Catalyst. ACS Org Inorg Au 2022; 3:27-34. [PMID: 36748078 PMCID: PMC9896477 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The manufacture of high-value products from biomass derived platform chemicals is becoming an integral part of the biorefinery industry. In this study, we demonstrate a green catalytic process using solvent free conditions for the synthesis of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) levulinate from HMF and levulinic acid (LA) over tin exchanged tungstophosphoric acid (DTP) supported on K-10 (montmorillonite K-10 clay) as the catalyst. The structural properties of solid acid catalysts were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, titration, and SEM techniques. Partial exchange of the H+ of DTP with Sn (x = 1) resulted in enhanced acidity of the catalyst and showed an increase in the catalytic activity as compared to the unsubstituted DTP/K-10 as the catalyst. The effects of different reaction parameters were studied and optimized to get high yields of HMF levulinate. The kinetic model was developed by considering the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) mechanism, and the activation energy was calculated to be 41.2 kJ mol-1. The prepared catalysts were easily recycled up to four times without any noticeable loss of activity, and hot filtration test indicated the heterogeneous nature of the catalytic activity. The overall process is environmentally benign and suitable for easy scale up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manishkumar
S. Tiwari
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.,Department
of chemical Engineering, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management
and Engineering, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Mumbai, India400065
| | - Dipti Wagh
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.
| | - Jennifer Sarah Dicks
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.
| | - John Keogh
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.
| | - Michela Ansaldi
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.
| | - Vivek V. Ranade
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.
| | - Haresh G. Manyar
- Theoretical
and Applied Catalysis Research Cluster, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis
Road, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K.,. Phone: +442890976608.
Fax: + 44 28 90 974687
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19
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Liu Z, Long H, Wang Y, Shen C, Chen D. Antimicrobial Nonwoven Fabrics Incorporated with Levulinic Acid and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Use in the Food Industry. Foods 2022; 11. [PMID: 35954134 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Safe and cost-effective antimicrobial fabrics (e.g., face masks and air filters) are conducive to preventing the spread and transmission of respiratory microorganisms in food processing plants and retail establishments. The objective of this study was to coat fabrics with two commonly used compounds in the food industry: levulinic acid (LVA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and determine the antimicrobial efficacy of the coated fabrics against bacterial solutions, aerosols, and influenza A virus subtype H1N1. In addition, air permeability and shelf-life of the LVA/SDS coated fabrics were also examined. Nonwoven fabrics were dip-coated with three concentrations (w/v, 0.5% LVA + 0.1% SDS, 1% LVA + 0.5% SDS, and 2% LVA + 1% SDS) of LVA and SDS and challenged with bacterial solutions (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, ca. 7.0 log CFU/coupon) for a contact time of 3, 5, and 10 min. The coated fabrics were also challenged with S. aureus aerosol and H1N1 virus following standard operations of ASTM F2101-19 and ISO 18184:2019, respectively. The 1% LVA + 0.5% SDS coated fabrics showed potent antibacterial efficacy against both bacterial solutions (>6.0-log reduction to under the detection limit of 1.0 log CFU/coupon for S. aureus; ca. 1.0-log reduction for E. coli) and aerosols (>3.6-log reduction to under the detection limit), with greater inactivation occurring at higher concentrations and longer exposure time. Moreover, the coated fabrics inactivated >99% of the H1N1 virus. The shelf-life of the coated fabrics was stable within 12 months and the air permeability was not adversely affected with the coating concentrations less than 1% LVA + 0.5% SDS. Results reveal these low-cost and safe materials have the potential to be used to coat fabrics in the food industry to combat the spread and transmission of pathogens.
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20
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da Cruz MGA, Gueret R, Chen J, Piątek J, Beele B, Sipponen MH, Frauscher M, Budnyk S, Rodrigues BVM, Slabon A. Electrochemical Depolymerization of Lignin in a Biomass-based Solvent. ChemSusChem 2022; 15:e202200718. [PMID: 35608798 PMCID: PMC9545899 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Breaking down lignin into smaller units is the key to generate high value-added products. Nevertheless, dissolving this complex plant polyphenol in an environment-friendly way is often a challenge. Levulinic acid, which is formed during the hydrothermal processing of lignocellulosic biomass, has been shown to efficiently dissolve lignin. Herein, levulinic acid was evaluated as a medium for the reductive electrochemical depolymerization of the lignin macromolecule. Copper was chosen as the electrocatalyst due to the economic feasibility and low activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction. After depolymerization, high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed lignin-derived monomers and dimers. A predominance of aryl ether and phenolic groups was observed. Depolymerized lignin was further evaluated as an anti-corrosion coating, revealing enhancements on the electrochemical stability of the metal. Via a simple depolymerization process of biomass waste in a biomass-based solvent, a straightforward approach to produce high value-added compounds or tailored biobased materials was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia G. A. da Cruz
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
| | - Robin Gueret
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
| | - Jędrzej Piątek
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
| | - Björn Beele
- Inorganic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaußstraße 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Mika H. Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
| | | | - Serhiy Budnyk
- AC2T research GmbHViktor-Kaplan-Str. 2/c2700Wiener NeustadtAustria
| | - Bruno V. M. Rodrigues
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
- Inorganic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaußstraße 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversitySvante Arrhenius väg 16 C10691StockholmSweden
- Inorganic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaußstraße 2042119WuppertalGermany
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21
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Velty A, Iborra S, Corma A. Synthetic Routes for Designing Furanic and Non Furanic Biobased Surfactants from 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. ChemSusChem 2022; 15:e202200181. [PMID: 35325511 PMCID: PMC9401603 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is one of the most valuable biomass platform molecules, enabling the construction of a plethora of high value-added furanic compounds. In particular, in the last decade, HMF has been considered as a starting material for designing biobased surfactants, not only because of its renewability and carbon footprint, but also because of its enhanced biodegradability. This Review presents recent examples of the different approaches to link the hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties into the hydrophobic furan (and tetrahydrofuran) ring, giving a variety of biobased surfactants that have been classified here according to the charge of the head polar group. Moreover, strategies for the synthesis of different non-furanic structures surfactant molecules (such as levulinic acid, cyclopentanols, and aromatics) derived from HMF are described. The new HMF-based amphiphilic molecules presented here cover a wide range of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values and have suitable surfactant properties such as surface tension activity and critical micelle concentration, to be an important alternative for the replacement of non-sustainable surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Velty
- Instituto de Tecnología QuímicaUniversitat Politècnica de ValènciaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValenciaE-46022Spain
| | - Sara Iborra
- Instituto de Tecnología QuímicaUniversitat Politècnica de ValènciaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValenciaE-46022Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología QuímicaUniversitat Politècnica de ValènciaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValenciaE-46022Spain
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22
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Mazumdar NJ, Deshmukh G, Rovea A, Kumar P, Arredondo-Arechavala M, Manyar H. Insights into selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid using copper on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves. R Soc Open Sci 2022; 9:220078. [PMID: 35911198 PMCID: PMC9326277 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was studied using copper on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) as catalysts. A range of copper supported on OMS-2 catalysts was prepared using the modified wet-impregnation technique and characterized thoroughly using powder X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy metal analysis, Fourier transform infrared, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and N2 sorption analyses. Process parameters for selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL were optimized using the design of experiment (DoE) approach with response surface methodology comprising a central composite design. Using the optimized conditions (190°C reaction temperature, 20 bar H2 pressure and 20 wt% Cu loading on OMS-2), up to 98% yield of GVL could be achieved in water as a solvent. Based on DoE, H2 pressure had the most influence on GVL selectivity followed by catalyst loading used for the hydrogenation of LA. The response surface methodology model also showed synergistic effect of reaction temperature and H2 pressure on the yield of GVL. 20 wt% Cu/OMS-2 catalysts were re-used up to four cycles and showed noticeable loss of activity after the first cycle due to observed leaching of loose Cu species, thereafter the activity loss diminished during subsequent recycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan J. Mazumdar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Gunjan Deshmukh
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Anna Rovea
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Praveen Kumar
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Miryam Arredondo-Arechavala
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Haresh Manyar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David-Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
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23
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Córdova-Pérez GE, Cortez-Elizalde J, Silahua-Pavón AA, Cervantes-Uribe A, Arévalo-Pérez JC, Cordero-Garcia A, de los Monteros AEE, Espinosa-González CG, Godavarthi S, Ortiz-Chi F, Guerra-Que Z, Torres-Torres JG. γ-Valerolactone Production from Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation Using Ni Supported Nanoparticles: Influence of Tungsten Loading and pH of Synthesis. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12122017. [PMID: 35745357 PMCID: PMC9228888 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
γ-Valerolactone (GVL) has been considered an alternative as biofuel in the production of carbon-based chemicals; however, the use of noble metals and corrosive solvents has been a problem. In this work, Ni supported nanocatalysts were prepared to produce γ-Valerolactone from levulinic acid using methanol as solvent at a temperature of 170 °C utilizing 4 MPa of H2. Supports were modified at pH 3 using acetic acid (CH3COOH) and pH 9 using ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) with different tungsten (W) loadings (1%, 3%, and 5%) by the Sol-gel method. Ni was deposited by the suspension impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by various techniques including XRD, N2 physisorption, UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, XPS, H2-TPR, and Pyridine FTIR. Based on the study of acidity and activity relation, Ni dispersion due to the Lewis acid sites contributed by W at pH 9, producing nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm of Ni, and could be responsible for the high esterification activity of levulinic acid (LA) to Methyl levulinate being more selective to catalytic hydrogenation. Products and by-products were analyzed by 1H NMR. Optimum catalytic activity was obtained with 5% W at pH 9, with 80% yield after 24 h of reaction. The higher catalytic activity was attributed to the particle size and the amount of Lewis acid sites generated by modifying the pH of synthesis and the amount of W in the support due to the spillover effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo E. Córdova-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Jorge Cortez-Elizalde
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Adib Abiu Silahua-Pavón
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Adrián Cervantes-Uribe
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Juan Carlos Arévalo-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Adrián Cordero-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Alejandra E. Espinosa de los Monteros
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
| | - Claudia G. Espinosa-González
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por Mexico, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (C.G.E.-G.); (S.G.); (F.O.-C.)
| | - Srinivas Godavarthi
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por Mexico, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (C.G.E.-G.); (S.G.); (F.O.-C.)
| | - Filiberto Ortiz-Chi
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por Mexico, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (C.G.E.-G.); (S.G.); (F.O.-C.)
| | - Zenaida Guerra-Que
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Villahermosa, Laboratorio de Investigción 1 Área de Nanotecnología, Km. 3.5 Carretera Villahermosa–Frontera, Cd. Industrial, Villahermosa CP 86010, Tabasco, Mexico;
| | - José Gilberto Torres-Torres
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Km.1 Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacan CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico; (G.E.C.-P.); (J.C.-E.); (A.A.S.-P.); (A.C.-U.); (J.C.A.-P.); (A.C.-G.); (A.E.E.d.l.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-191-4336-0300; Fax: +52-191-4336-0928
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24
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Ding Q, Wang Y, Ma L. Nitrogen-doped graphene supported Ni as an efficient and stable catalyst for levulinic acid hydrogenation. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:355401. [PMID: 33887710 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abfabb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transforming levulinic acid (LA) toγ-valerolactone (GVL) is a significant route for converting biomass into valuable chemicals. The development of an efficient and robust heterogeneous catalyst for this reaction has aroused great interest. In this work, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) supported nickel (Ni) based heterogeneous catalyst with excellent activities was successfully synthesized. The Ni/NG catalyst shows outstanding performance for hydrogenation of LA to GVL at a relatively low temperature of 140 °C, which is superior to most of reported heterogeneous catalysts. Further investigations indicate Ni nanoparticles are the active sites and the NG also plays an indispensable role. The catalytic performance is highly depended on the crystallinity, particles sizes and electronic structure of Ni in Ni/NG catalyst, which can be optimized by nitrogen doping. This work affords a new route for designing robust and excellent heterogeneous catalysts by doping method to optimize the support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ding
- Department of Precision Manufacturing Engineering Suzhou Vocational Institute of industrial Technology, Suzhou 215104, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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25
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Melro E, Antunes FE, Valente AJM, Duarte H, Romano A, Medronho B. On the Development of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins Using a New Type of Lignin Extracted from Pine Wood with a Levulinic-Acid Based Solvent. Molecules 2022; 27:2825. [PMID: 35566176 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resole resins have many applications, especially for foam production. However, the use of phenol, a key ingredient in resoles, has serious environmental and economic disadvantages. In this work, lignin extracted from pine wood using a "green" solvent, levulinic acid, was used to partially replace the non-sustainable phenol. The physicochemical properties of this novel resin were compared with resins composed of different types of commercial lignins. All resins were optimized to keep their free formaldehyde content below 1 wt%, by carefully adjusting the pH of the mixture. Substitution of phenol with lignin generally increases the viscosity of the resins, which is further increased with the lignin mass fraction. The addition of lignin decreases the kinetics of gelification of the resin. The type and amount of lignin also affect the thermal stability of the resins. It was possible to obtain resins with higher thermal stability than the standard phenol-formaldehyde resins without lignin. This work provides new insights regarding the development of lignin-based resoles as a very promising sustainable alternative to petrol-based resins.
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26
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Shao YR, Zhou L, Yu L, Li ZF, Li YT, Li W, Hu TL. In Situ Construction of a Co/ZnO@C Heterojunction Catalyst for Efficient Hydrogenation of Biomass Derivative under Mild Conditions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:17195-17207. [PMID: 35384659 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficient hydrogenation of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) to value-added γ-valerolactone (GVL) based on nonprecious metal catalysts under mild conditions is crucial challenge because of the intrinsic inactivity and instability of these catalysts. Herein, a series of highly active and stable carbon-encapsulated Co/ZnO@C-X (where X = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, the molar ratios of Zn/(Co+Zn)) heterojunction catalysts were obtained by in situ pyrolysis of bimetal CoZn MOF-74. The optimal Co/ZnO@C-0.3 catalyst could achieve 100% conversion of LA and 98.35% selectivity to GVL under mild conditions (100 °C, 5 bar, 3 h), which outperformed most of the state-of-the-art catalysts reported so far. Detailed characterizations, experimental investigations, and theoretical calculations revealed that the interfacial interaction between Co and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) could promote the dispersibility and air stability of the active Co0 for the activation of H2. Moreover, the strong Co-ZnO interaction also enhanced the Lewis acidity of the Co/ZnO interface, contributing to the adsorption of LA and the esterification of intermediates. The synergy between the hydrogenation sites and the Lewis acid sites at the Co/ZnO interface enabled the conversion of LA to GVL with high efficiency. In addition, benefiting from the Co-ZnO interfacial interaction as well as the unique carbon-encapsulated structure of the heterojunction catalyst, the recyclability was also greatly improved and the yield of GVL was nearly unchanged even after six cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhuo-Fei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yan-Ting Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tong-Liang Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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27
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Yeom SH, Gam DH, Kim JH, Kim JW. Development of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction to Produce Skin-Whitening and Anti-Wrinkle Substances from Safflower Seed. Molecules 2022; 27:1296. [PMID: 35209083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract bioactive substances with skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant effects from safflower seeds, and the extraction conditions were optimized by a central composite design. The independent variables, including extraction time (5.0~55.0 min), extraction temperature (26.0~94.0 °C), and ethanol concentration (0.0~100%), were optimized to increase tyrosinase activity inhibitory (TAI), collagenase activity inhibitory (CAI), and radical scavenging activity (RSA), which are indicators of skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant effects. An extraction time of 26.4 min, extraction temperature of 52.1 °C, and ethanol concentration of 50.7% were found to be optimum conditions of UAE, under which TAI, CAI, and RSA were 53.3%, 91.5%, and 27.7%, respectively. The extract produced by UAE was analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and maleic acid and levulinic acid were identified as the main substances. Therefore, UAE is evaluated as an effective process to extract skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant substances from safflower seeds at lower temperatures and shorter extraction times compared to the conventional extraction methods. Overall, safflower seeds extract can be used as a material for value-added cosmetics, including maleic acid and levulinic acid, which have bioactive functions.
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Sorokina SA, Mikhailov SP, Kuchkina NV, Bykov AV, Vasiliev AL, Ezernitskaya MG, Golovin AL, Nikoshvili LZ, Sulman MG, Shifrina ZB. Ru@hyperbranched Polymer for Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to Gamma-Valerolactone: The Role of the Catalyst Support. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:799. [PMID: 35054984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) obtained from cellulose biomass is a promising path for production of γ-valerolactone (GVL)—a component of biofuel. In this work, we developed Ru nanoparticle containing nanocomposites based on hyperbranched pyridylphenylene polymer, serving as multiligand and stabilizing matrix. The functionalization of the nanocomposite with sulfuric acid significantly enhances the activity of the catalyst in the selective hydrogenation of LA to GVL and allows the reaction to proceed under mild reaction conditions (100 °C, 2 MPa of H2) in water and low catalyst loading (0.016 mol.%) with a quantitative yield of GVL and selectivity up to 100%. The catalysts were successfully reused four times without a significant loss of activity. A comprehensive physicochemical characterization of the catalysts allowed us to assess structure-property relationships and to uncover an important role of the polymeric support in the efficient GVL synthesis.
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Zhou F, Xu Y, Mu X, Nie Y. A Sustainable Approach for Synthesizing ( R)-4-Aminopentanoic Acid From Levulinic Acid Catalyzed by Structure-Guided Tailored Glutamate Dehydrogenase. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:770302. [PMID: 35083200 PMCID: PMC8784811 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.770302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel enzymatic approach to transform levulinic acid (LA), which can be obtained from biomass, into value-added (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid using an engineered glutamate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli (EcGDH) was developed. Through crystal structure comparison, two residues (K116 and N348), especially residue 116, were identified to affect the substrate specificity of EcGDH. After targeted saturation mutagenesis, the mutant EcGDHK116C, which was active toward LA, was identified. Screening of the two-site combinatorial saturation mutagenesis library with EcGDHK116C as positive control, the k cat/K m of the obtained EcGDHK116Q/N348M for LA and NADPH were 42.0- and 7.9-fold higher, respectively, than that of EcGDHK116C. A molecular docking investigation was conducted to explain the catalytic activity of the mutants and stereoconfiguration of the product. Coupled with formate dehydrogenase, EcGDHK116Q/N348M was found to be able to convert 0.4 M LA by more than 97% in 11 h, generating (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid with >99% enantiomeric excess (ee). This dual-enzyme system used sustainable raw materials to synthesize (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid with high atom utilization as it utilizes cheap ammonia as the amino donor, and the inorganic carbonate is the sole by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Mu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute of Industrial Technology, Suqian Jiangnan University, Suqian, China
| | - Yao Nie
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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30
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Sathesh-Prabu C, Ryu YS, Lee SK. Levulinic Acid-Inducible and Tunable Gene Expression System for Methylorubrum extorquens. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:797020. [PMID: 34976985 PMCID: PMC8714952 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.797020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 is an efficient platform strain possessing biotechnological potential in formate- and methanol-based single carbon (C1) bioeconomy. Constitutive expression or costly chemical-inducible expression systems are not always desirable. Here, several glucose-, xylose-, and levulinic acid (LA)-inducible promoter systems were assessed for the induction of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter protein. Among them, the LA-inducible gene expression system (HpdR/P hpdH ) showed a strong expression of GFP (51-fold) compared to the control. The system was induced even at a low concentration of LA (0.1 mM). The fluorescence intensity increased with increasing concentrations of LA up to 20 mM. The system was tunable and tightly controlled with meager basal expression. The maximum GFP yield obtained using the system was 42 mg/g biomass, representing 10% of the total protein content. The efficiency of the proposed system was nearly equivalent (90%-100%) to that of the widely used strong promoters such as P mxaF and P L/O4 . The HpdR/P hpdH system worked equally efficiently in five different strains of M. extorquens. LA is a low-cost, renewable, and sustainable platform chemical that can be used to generate a wide range of products. Hence, the reported system in potent strains of M. extorquens is highly beneficial in the C1-biorefinery industry to produce value-added products and bulk chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Sathesh-Prabu
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Young Shin Ryu
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea.,Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
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Vila-Santa A, Mendes FC, Ferreira FC, Prather KLJ, Mira NP. Implementation of Synthetic Pathways to Foster Microbe-Based Production of Non-Naturally Occurring Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121020. [PMID: 34947002 PMCID: PMC8706239 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbially produced carboxylic acids (CAs) are considered key players in the implementation of more sustainable industrial processes due to their potential to replace a set of oil-derived commodity chemicals. Most CAs are intermediates of microbial central carbon metabolism, and therefore, a biochemical production pathway is described and can be transferred to a host of choice to enable/improve production at an industrial scale. However, for some CAs, the implementation of this approach is difficult, either because they do not occur naturally (as is the case for levulinic acid) or because the described production pathway cannot be easily ported (as it is the case for adipic, muconic or glucaric acids). Synthetic biology has been reshaping the range of molecules that can be produced by microbial cells by setting new-to-nature pathways that leverage on enzyme arrangements not observed in vivo, often in association with the use of substrates that are not enzymes’ natural ones. In this review, we provide an overview of how the establishment of synthetic pathways, assisted by computational tools for metabolic retrobiosynthesis, has been applied to the field of CA production. The translation of these efforts in bridging the gap between the synthesis of CAs and of their more interesting derivatives, often themselves non-naturally occurring molecules, is also reviewed using as case studies the production of methacrylic, methylmethacrylic and poly-lactic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vila-Santa
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Department of Bioengineering, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.V.-S.); (F.C.M.); (F.C.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernão C. Mendes
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Department of Bioengineering, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.V.-S.); (F.C.M.); (F.C.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Frederico C. Ferreira
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Department of Bioengineering, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.V.-S.); (F.C.M.); (F.C.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kristala L. J. Prather
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Nuno P. Mira
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Department of Bioengineering, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.V.-S.); (F.C.M.); (F.C.F.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Hu D, Xu H, Wu Z, Zhang M, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Yan K. Noble Metal-Free Hierarchical ZrY Zeolite Efficient for Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived Levulinic Acid. Front Chem 2021; 9:725175. [PMID: 34712649 PMCID: PMC8546667 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.725175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a low-cost and robust catalyst for efficient transformation of biomass-derived platform chemicals plays a crucial role in the synthesis of future transportation fuels. Herein, a post-synthetic strategy was employed to develop a noble metal-free and robust ZrY zeolite catalyst, which is efficient for the hydrogenation of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) into biofuel γ-valerolactone (GVL), whereas over 95% yield of GVL was achieved in 10 h at 220°C. The effects of acidic properties from ZrY catalysts and various reaction parameters on the catalytic performance were then discussed in detail. Subsequently, different characterization tools were used to compare the difference and relationship of structure activity between the fresh and spent ZrY catalysts. It was found that acidity and the metal–support interaction were important for the direct synthesis of GVL. This work provides a guideline to design a noble metal-free catalyst for high-value utilization of biomass-derived sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuotong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Huertas-Alonso AJ, Gavahian M, González-Serrano DJ, Hadidi M, Salgado-Ramos M, Sánchez-Verdú MP, Simirgiotis MJ, Barba FJ, Franco D, Lorenzo JM, Moreno A. Valorization of Wastewater from Table Olives: NMR Identification of Antioxidant Phenolic Fraction and Microwave Single-Phase Reaction of Sugary Fraction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111652. [PMID: 34829523 PMCID: PMC8615242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The table olive industry is producing a huge amount of wastewater, which is a post-processing cost and an environmental concern. The present study aims to valorize this processing by-product to obtain a value-added product, thereby enhancing resource efficiency and contributing to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In this sense, a chemical reaction-based platform was developed to obtain valuable components, such as levulinic acid (LA) and 5-hydromethylfurfural (HMF). The products were then analyzed using NMR identification of the antioxidant phenolic fraction and microwave single-phase reaction of the sugary fraction. According to the results, the highest concentration of phenolic compounds does not correspond to the sample directly obtained from NaOH treatment (S1), indicating that water washing steps (S2–S5) are fundamental to recover phenolic substances. Moreover, glucose was presented in the sugary fraction that can be transformed into levulinic acid by a single-phase reaction under microwave irradiation. The information provided in this manuscript suggests that the wastewater from the olive processing industry can be valorized to obtain valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J. Huertas-Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mohsen Gavahian
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Diego J. González-Serrano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Manuel Salgado-Ramos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - M. Prado Sánchez-Verdú
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain;
| | - Daniel Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Av. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Andrés Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies (San Alberto Magno Building), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.J.H.-A.); (D.J.G.-S.); (M.H.); (M.S.-R.); (M.P.S.-V.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (A.M.)
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Aboshatta M, Magueijo V. A Comprehensive Study of CO 2 Absorption and Desorption by Choline-Chloride/Levulinic-Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2021; 26:5595. [PMID: 34577069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amine absorption (or amine scrubbing) is currently the most established method for CO2 capture; however, it has environmental shortcomings and is energy-intensive. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are an interesting alternative to conventional amines. Due to their biodegradability, lower toxicity and lower prices, DESs are considered to be "more benign" absorbents for CO2 capture than ionic liquids. In this work, the CO2 absorption capacity of choline-chloride/levulinic-acid-based (ChCl:LvAc) DESs was measured at different temperatures, pressures and stirring speeds using a vapour-liquid equilibrium rig. DES regeneration was performed using a heat treatment method. The DES compositions studied had ChCl:LvAc molar ratios of 1:2 and 1:3 and water contents of 0, 2.5 and 5 mol%. The experimental results showed that the CO2 absorption capacity of the ChCl:LvAc DESs is strongly affected by the operating pressure and stirring speed, moderately affected by the temperature and minimally affected by the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA):hydrogen bond donator (HBD) molar ratio as well as water content. Thermodynamic properties for CO2 absorption were calculated from the experimental data. The regeneration of the DESs was performed at different temperatures, with the optimal regeneration temperature estimated to be 80 °C. The DESs exhibited good recyclability and moderate CO2/N2 selectivity.
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Liu X, Ye S, Lan G, Su P, Zhang X, Price CAH, Li Y, Liu J. Atomic Pyridinic Nitrogen Sites Promoting Levulinic Acid Hydrogenations over Double-Shelled Hollow Ru/C Nanoreactors. Small 2021; 17:e2101271. [PMID: 34254441 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped nanocarbons are widely used as supports for metal-heterogeneous catalytic conversions. When nitrogen-doped nanocarbon supports are used to disperse metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), the nitrogen dopant can enhance MNPs electron density to reach higher catalytic activity and promote MNPs stability through anchoring effects. However, the precise identification of active nitrogen species between N-dopants and reactants is rarely reported. Herein, a proof-of-concept study on the active N species for levulinic acid hydrogenation is reported. A double-shell structured carbon catalyst (DSC) is designed with selectively locating ultrafine Ru NPs only on inner carbon shell, specifically, different N species on the external carbon shell. Through the design of such a nanostructure, it is demonstrated that the alkaline pyridinic N species on the outer shell serves as an anchor point for the spontaneous binding of the acidic reactant. The pyridinic N content can be modulated from 7.4 to 29.2 mg gcat-1 by selecting different precursors. Finally, the Ru-DSC-CTS (using chitosan as the precursor) catalyst achieves a 99% conversion of levulinic acid under 70 °C and 4 MPa hydrogen pressure for 1 h. This work sheds light on the design of nanoreactors at the atomic scale and investigates heterogeneous catalysis at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Guojun Lan
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Panpan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Cameron Alexander Hurd Price
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Wang L, Yang Y, Yin P, Ren Z, Liu W, Tian Z, Zhang Y, Xu E, Yin J, Wei M. MoO x-Decorated Co-Based Catalysts toward the Hydrodeoxygenation Reaction of Biomass-Derived Platform Molecules. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:31799-31807. [PMID: 34197068 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of a biomass derivative (levulinic acid, LA) to a high value-added product (γ-valerolactone, GVL) has attracted much attention, in which the control of catalytic selectivity plays an important role. Herein, a stepwise method was developed to prepare Co-MoOx catalysts via topological transformation (calcination reduction) from layered double hydroxide (Mo/CoAl-LDH) precursors. X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction demonstrate the formation of MoOx-decorated Co structures of Co-MoOx samples. Remarkably, the sample that is reduced at 500 °C is featured with the most abundant interfacial Coδ+ (denoted as Co-MoOx-500), which exhibits an excellent catalytic performance toward the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction of several biomass-derived platform molecules (furfural, FAL; succinic acid, SA; 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural, HMF; and levulinic acid, LA). Especially, this optimal catalyst displays a high yield (99%) toward the HDO reaction of LA to GVL, which stands at the highest level among non-noble metal catalysts. The combination of in situ FT-IR characterization and theoretical calculation further confirms that interfacial Coδ+ sites in Co-MoOx-500 act as adsorption active sites for the polarization of a C═O bond in an LA molecule, which simultaneously promotes C═O hydrogenation and C-O cleavage. Moreover, the MoOx overlayer suppresses the formation of byproducts by covering the Co0 sites. This work offers a cost-effective and efficient catalyst, which can be potentially applied in catalytic conversion of biomass-derived platform molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yusen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Pan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Enze Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Yin
- SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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Zhang K, Zhang X, Chen J, Liu Z, Pan C, Zhu Y, Wu S, Fan B. Palladium/Zinc Co-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of γ-Keto Carboxylic Acids. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1229-1232. [PMID: 33852193 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of levulinic acid has been successful developed by using Zn(OTf)2 as co-catalyst. The present method not only has provided a strategy in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of ketone, but also allowed the preparation of a wide range of chiral γ-valerolactones in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jingchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zixiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbin Zhu
- Yunnan Tiefeng High Tech Mining Chemicals Co.Ltd, Qingfeng industrial park, Lufeng, 651200, P. R China
| | - Shiyuan Wu
- Yunnan Tiefeng High Tech Mining Chemicals Co.Ltd, Qingfeng industrial park, Lufeng, 651200, P. R China
| | - Baomin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
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Kingsley DH, Annous BA. Evaluation of SDS and GRAS liquid disinfectants for mitigation of hepatitis A virus contamination of berries. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2586-2591. [PMID: 33905582 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate generally recognized as safe (GRAS) liquid wash formulations against hepatitis A virus-contaminated strawberries and blackberries in order to identify a formulation suitable for reducing virus contamination. METHODS AND RESULTS Formulations included the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; 0·5% w/v) by itself, and in combination, with lactic acid (LA; 0·5% v/v), levulinic acid (LVA; 0·5% v/v) and 3 ppm aqueous chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ). After contamination and drying overnight, the average total extracted contamination for both untreated strawberries and blackberries was 4·4 log PFU. Three successive distilled H2 O only treatments reduced total contamination by up to 1·8 log PFU for both strawberries and blackberries, while wash formulations showed significant (P ≤ 0·05) total reductions ranging from 2·1 to 2·9 log PFU. CONCLUSIONS Considering results for both berry types, the combination of ClO2 and SDS was the most effective. Overall results indicate that adding surfactant and several types of sanitizers to berry wash can enhance HAV reduction on berries. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study indicates that industry could enhance the virologic safety of ready-to-eat berries by the combined use of surfactant and sanitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Kingsley
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - B A Annous
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, USA
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Vila-Santa A, Islam MA, Ferreira FC, Prather KLJ, Mira NP. Prospecting Biochemical Pathways to Implement Microbe-Based Production of the New-to-Nature Platform Chemical Levulinic Acid. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:724-736. [PMID: 33764057 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Levulinic acid is a versatile platform molecule with potential to be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of many value-added products used across different industries, from cosmetics to fuels. Thus far, microbial biosynthetic pathways having levulinic acid as a product or an intermediate are not known, which restrains the development and optimization of a microbe-based process envisaging the sustainable bioproduction of this chemical. One of the doors opened by synthetic biology in the design of microbial systems is the implementation of new-to-nature pathways, that is, the assembly of combinations of enzymes not observed in vivo, where the enzymes can use not only their native substrates but also non-native ones, creating synthetic steps that enable the production of novel compounds. Resorting to a combined approach involving complementary computational tools and extensive manual curation, in this work, we provide a thorough prospect of candidate biosynthetic pathways that can be assembled for the production of levulinic acid in Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Out of the hundreds of combinations screened, five pathways were selected as best candidates on the basis of the availability of substrates and of candidate enzymes to catalyze the synthetic steps (that is, those steps that involve conversions not previously described). Genome-scale metabolic modeling was used to assess the performance of these pathways in the two selected hosts and to anticipate possible bottlenecks. Not only does the herein described approach offer a platform for the future implementation of the microbial production of levulinic acid but also it provides an organized research strategy that can be used as a framework for the implementation of other new-to-nature biosynthetic pathways for the production of value-added chemicals, thus fostering the emerging field of synthetic industrial microbiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vila-Santa
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Ahsanul Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Frederico C. Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kristala L. J. Prather
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Integrative Synthetic Biology (CISB), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nuno P. Mira
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Magalhães S, Filipe A, Melro E, Fernandes C, Vitorino C, Alves L, Romano A, Rasteiro MG, Medronho B. Lignin Extraction from Waste Pine Sawdust Using a Biomass Derived Binary Solvent System. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1090. [PMID: 33808135 PMCID: PMC8038121 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass fractionation is typically performed using methods that are somehow harsh to the environment, such as in the case of kraft pulping. In recent years, the development of new sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives has grown significantly. Among the developed systems, bio-based solvents emerge as promising alternatives for biomass processing. Therefore, in the present work, the bio-based and renewable chemicals, levulinic acid (LA) and formic acid (FA), were combined to fractionate lignocellulosic waste (i.e., maritime pine sawdust) and isolate lignin. Different parameters, such as LA:FA ratio, temperature, and extraction time, were optimized to boost the yield and purity of extracted lignin. The LA:FA ratio was found to be crucial regarding the superior lignin extraction from the waste biomass. Moreover, the increase in temperature and extraction time enhances the amount of extracted residue but compromises the lignin purity and reduces its molecular weight. The electron microscopy images revealed that biomass samples suffer significant structural and morphological changes, which further suggests the suitability of the newly developed bio-fractionation process. The same was concluded by the FTIR analysis, in which no remaining lignin was detected in the cellulose-rich fraction. Overall, the novel combination of bio-sourced FA and LA has shown to be a very promising system for lignin extraction with high purity from biomass waste, thus contributing to extend the opportunities of lignin manipulation and valorization into novel added-value biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Magalhães
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Alexandra Filipe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Elodie Melro
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.V.)
| | - Catarina Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.V.)
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.V.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Alves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Maria G. Rasteiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CIEPQPF, University of Coimbra, Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Bruno Medronho
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (A.R.); (B.M.)
- Surface and Colloid Engineering, FSCN, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
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Szelwicka A, Siewniak A, Kolanowska A, Boncel S, Chrobok A. PTFE-Carbon Nanotubes and Lipase B from Candida antarctica-Long-Lasting Marriage for Ultra-Fast and Fully Selective Synthesis of Levulinate Esters. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:1518. [PMID: 33808937 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An effective method for levulinic acid esters synthesis by the enzymatic Fischer esterification of levulinic acid using a lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) immobilized on the advanced material consisting of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a hydrophobic polymer—polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon, PTFE)—as a heterogeneous biocatalyst, was developed. An active phase of the biocatalyst was obtained by immobilization via interfacial activation on the surface of the hybrid material MWCNTs/PTFE (immobilization yield: 6%, activity of CALB: 5000 U∙L∙kg−1, enzyme loading: 22.5 wt.%). The catalytic activity of the obtained biocatalyst and the effects of the selected reaction parameters, including the agitation speed, the amount of PTFE in the CALB/MWCNT-PTFE biocatalyst, the amount of CALB/MWCNT-PTFE, the type of organic solvent, n-butanol excess, were tested in the esterification of levulinic acid by n-butanol. The results showed that the use of a two-fold excess of levulinic acid to n-butanol, 22.5 wt.% of CALB on MWCNT-PTFE (0.10 wt.%) and cyclohexane as a solvent at 20 °C allowed one to obtain n-butyl levulinate with a high yield (99%) and selectivity (>99%) after 45 min. The catalyst retained its activity and stability after three cycles, and then started to lose activity until dropping to a 69% yield of ester in the sixth reaction run. The presented method has opened the new possibilities for environmentally friendly synthesis of levulinate esters.
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Ma C, Cai B, Zhang L, Feng J, Pan H. Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Cellulose Into Levulinic Acid With Biphasic Solvent System. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:630807. [PMID: 33815439 PMCID: PMC8010141 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.630807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose into levulinic acid in a biphasic solvent system was developed. Compared to a series of catalysts investigated in this study, the Amberlyst-15 as a more efficient acid catalyst was used in the hydrolysis of cellulose and further dehydration of derived intermediates into levulinic acid. Besides, the mechanism of biphasic solvent system in the conversion of cellulose was studied in detail, and the results showed biphasic solvent system can promote the conversion of cellulose and suppress the polymerization of the by-products (such as lactic acid).The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time, and catalyst loading were changed to investigate the effect on the yield of levulinic acid. The results indicated that an appealing LA yield of 59.24% was achieved at 200°C and 180 min with a 2:1 ratio of Amberlyst-15 catalyst and cellulose in GVL/H2O under N2 pressure. The influence of different amounts of NaCl addition to this reaction was also investigated. This study provides an economical and environmental-friendly method for the acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose and high yield of the value-added chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Ma
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Feng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Chotchindakun K, Pathom-Aree W, Dumri K, Ruangsuriya J, Pumas C, Pekkoh J. Low Crystallinity of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) Bioproduction by Hot Spring Cyanobacterium Cyanosarcina sp. AARL T020. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10030503. [PMID: 33800467 PMCID: PMC7999023 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) derived from cyanobacteria is an environmentally friendly biodegradable polymer. The low yield of PHBV’s production is the main hindrance to its sustainable production, and the manipulation of PHBV production processes could potentially overcome this obstacle. The present research investigated evolutionarily divergent cyanobacteria obtained from local environments of Thailand. Among the strains tested, Cyanosarcina sp. AARL T020, a hot spring cyanobacterium, showed a high rate of PHBV accumulation with a fascinating 3-hydroxyvalerate mole fraction. A two-stage cultivation strategy with sole organic carbon supplementation was successful in maximizing cyanobacterial PHBV production. The use of an optimized medium in the first stage of cultivation provided a 4.9-fold increase in biomass production. Subsequently, the addition of levulinic acid in the second stage of cultivation can induce significant biomass and PHBV production. With this strategy, the final biomass production and PHBV productivity were increased by 6.5 and 73.2 fold, respectively. The GC-MS, FTIR, and NMR analyses confirmed that the obtained PHBV consisted of two subunits of 3-hydroxyvaryrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. Interestingly, the cyanobacterial PHBV contained a very high 3-hydroxyvalerate mole fraction (94%) exhibiting a low degree of crystallinity and expanding in processability window, which could be applied to polymers for desirable advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipat Chotchindakun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.C.); (W.P.-A.); (C.P.)
| | - Wasu Pathom-Aree
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.C.); (W.P.-A.); (C.P.)
| | - Kanchana Dumri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Jetsada Ruangsuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Functional Food Research Unit, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayakorn Pumas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.C.); (W.P.-A.); (C.P.)
| | - Jeeraporn Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.C.); (W.P.-A.); (C.P.)
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5394-1949
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Decarpigny C, Noël S, Addad A, Ponchel A, Monflier E, Bleta R. Robust Ruthenium Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Cyclodextrin-Templated TiO 2-SiO 2 Mixed Oxides for the Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1721. [PMID: 33572104 PMCID: PMC7915766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present a versatile template-directed colloidal self-assembly method for the fabrication in aqueous phase of composition-tuned mesoporous RuO2@TiO2-SiO2 catalysts. Randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin/Pluronic F127 supramolecular assemblies were used as soft templates, TiO2 colloids as building blocks, and tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silica source. Catalysts were characterized at different stages of their synthesis using dynamic light scattering, N2-adsorption analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, high-angle annular bright-field and dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, together with EDS elemental mapping. Results revealed that both the supramolecular template and the silica loading had a strong impact on the pore characteristics and crystalline structure of the mixed oxides, as well as on the morphology of the RuO2 nanocrystals. Their catalytic performance was then evaluated in the aqueous phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) under mild conditions (50 °C, 50 bar H2). Results showed that the cyclodextrin-derived catalyst displayed almost quantitative LA conversion and 99% GVL yield in less than one hour. Moreover, this catalyst could be reused at least five times without loss of activity. This work offers an effective approach to the utilization of cyclodextrins for engineering the surface morphology of Ru nanocrystals and pore characteristics of TiO2-based materials for catalytic applications in hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Decarpigny
- University Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-62300 Lens, France; (C.D.); (S.N.); (A.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Sébastien Noël
- University Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-62300 Lens, France; (C.D.); (S.N.); (A.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Ahmed Addad
- University Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Anne Ponchel
- University Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-62300 Lens, France; (C.D.); (S.N.); (A.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Eric Monflier
- University Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-62300 Lens, France; (C.D.); (S.N.); (A.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Rudina Bleta
- University Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-62300 Lens, France; (C.D.); (S.N.); (A.P.); (E.M.)
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Kumar K, Kumar M, Upadhyayula S. Catalytic Conversion of Glucose into Levulinic Acid Using 2-Phenyl-2-Imidazoline Based Ionic Liquid Catalyst. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020348. [PMID: 33445440 PMCID: PMC7827230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) is an industrially important product that can be catalytically valorized into important value-added chemicals. In this study, hydrothermal conversion of glucose into levulinic acid was attempted using Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst synthesized using 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline, and 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid catalyst used in this study was synthesized in the laboratory using different anions (NO3, H2PO4, and Cl) and characterized using 1H NMR, TGA, and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The activity trend of the Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalysts synthesized in the laboratory was found in the following order: [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] > [C4SO3HPhim][NO3] > [C4SO3HPhim][H2PO4]. A maximum 63% yield of the levulinic acid was obtained with 98% glucose conversion at 180 °C and 3 h reaction time using [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] ionic liquid catalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions such as reaction time, temperature, ionic liquid catalyst structures, catalyst amount, and solvents on the LA yield were investigated. Reusability of [C4SO3HPhim][Cl] catalyst up to four cycles was observed. This study demonstrates the potential of the 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid for the conversion of glucose into the important platform chemical levulinic acid.
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Tsou YJ, To TD, Chiang YC, Lee JF, Kumar R, Chung PW, Lin YC. Hydrophobic Copper Catalysts Derived from Copper Phyllosilicates in the Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:54851-54861. [PMID: 33232108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A reduction-silylation-reduction method was developed to synthesize hydrophobic Cu catalysts derived from Cu phyllosilicates (CuPS). Triethoxy(octyl)silane (OTS) was used as the coupling agent. The OTS-grafted, reduced CuPS catalysts were applied in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The most promising catalyst was synthesized by reducing CuPS at a high temperature (350 °C for 3 h), followed by OTS grafting, and then by repeating the previous reduction step. High LA conversion (95.7%), GVL yield (85.2%), and stability (3 cycles with a 7.5% loss of initial activity) were obtained at a mild reaction condition (130 °C with a H2 pressure of 12 bar). A high reduction temperature not only leads to a low oxidation state of Cu species but also suppresses the formation of silylation-induced acids. Moreover, the intrinsic activity of a reduced CuPS catalyst was nearly intact after subjecting to silylation and the second reduction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ju Tsou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Thien Dien To
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Raju Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Jędrzejczyk M, Soszka E, Goscianska J, Kozanecki M, Grams J, Ruppert AM. The Influence of Carbon Nature on the Catalytic Performance of Ru/C in Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation with Internal Hydrogen Source. Molecules 2020; 25:E5362. [PMID: 33212838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the nature of carbon materials used as a support for Ru/C catalysts on levulinic acid hydrogenation with formic acid as a hydrogen source toward gamma-valerolactone was investigated. It has been shown that the physicochemical properties of carbon strongly affect the catalytic activity of Ru catalysts. The relationship between the hydrogen mobility, strength of hydrogen adsorption, and catalytic performance was established. The catalyst possessing the highest number of defects, stimulating metal support interaction, exhibited the highest activity. The effect of the catalyst grain size was also studied. It was shown that the decrease in the grain size resulted in the formation of smaller Ru crystallites on the catalyst surface, which facilitates the activity.
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Liu X, Yang W, Zhang Q, Li C, Wu H. Current Approaches to Alkyl Levulinates via Efficient Valorization of Biomass Derivatives. Front Chem 2020; 8:794. [PMID: 33195025 PMCID: PMC7593706 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass is a potential non-food, carbon-neutral, and abundant resource, which can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels during the sustainable preparation of various platform chemicals. Alkyl levulinates (ALs) have found widespread application as flavorings, plasticizing agents, and fuel additives, as well as synthetic precursors to various building blocks. Several processes have been investigated to transform biomass and its derivatives into ALs, which mainly include: (i) direct esterification of levulinic acid (LA) with alkyl alcohols and (ii) alcoholysis reactions of renewable biomass feedstocks and their derivatives, including furfuryl alcohol (FAL), chloromethyl furfural (CMF), and saccharides. This review focuses on illustrating the effects of the biomass pretreatment step, catalyst texture, possible mechanisms, acidities, and intermediates on the synthesis of ALs from sustainable resources covering a wide range of intermediates, including diethyl ether (DEE), 4,5,5-triethoxypentan-2-one (TEP), ethoxymethylfuran (EMF), ethyl-D-fructofuranoside (EDFF), and ethyl-D-glucopyranoside (EDGP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insects of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjia Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insects of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiuyun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insects of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongguo Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insects of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Zhu W, Liang F, Hou H, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhu X. Enzymatic Synthesis of a Polyol Ester from Levulinic Acid and Trimethylolpropane and Its Tribological Behavior as Potential Biolubricant Basestock. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2256. [PMID: 33019518 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a polyol ester from levulinic acid (LA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) was synthesized by enzymatic catalysis in a solvent-free system. The total conversion of TMP reached up to 84% on average after lipase recycling for five times. The produced ester showed excellent lubrication properties, such as high viscosities at 40 °C (86.53 mm2/s) and 100 °C (8.91 mm2/s), a good viscosity index (49), a low pour point (−27 °C), and a high flash point (223 °C). The frictional wear behavior was evaluated on a four-ball test machine (FTM) by adding the ester into a reference mineral oil. The blend with 10% ester showed a smaller wear scar diameter (WSD) (0.62 mm) when compared with that of pure mineral oil (0.78 mm). The results demonstrated that the obtained ester has huge potential as biolubricant basestock.
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Fiorani G, Crestini C, Selva M, Perosa A. Advancements and Complexities in the Conversion of Lignocellulose Into Chemicals and Materials. Front Chem 2020; 8:797. [PMID: 32974288 PMCID: PMC7471057 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This Perspective describes the challenges and objectives associated to the development of new chemical technologies for the conversion of lignocellulose (non-food or waste) into chemicals and materials; it also provides an outlook on the sources, potential products, and issues to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiorani
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Claudia Crestini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.,C4S Center for Sustainability, Ca' Foscari University Foundation, Calle Larga Ca' Foscari, Venice, Italy
| | - Maurizio Selva
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Alvise Perosa
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
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