1
|
Erdem M, Tiftikcioglu Y, Tatar BE, Kılıc KD, Uyanıkgil Y, Gürler T. The Effect of Botulinum Toxin on Flap Viability of the Posterior Thigh Perforator Flap in Rats. J Surg Res 2021; 261:85-94. [PMID: 33422903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of perforator propeller flaps in lower limb reconstruction has increased recently. Many pharmacological agents are used to increase flap viability. Botulinum toxin has been used in various types of flaps in the literature. However, there is no study regarding the use of botulinum toxin in the lower limb propeller flaps. This study investigates the effect of botulinum toxin administration on flap survival for lower limb propeller flap in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 20 male Wistar albino rats, divided into two groups with a flap rotation of 90° in group 1 and 180° in group 2. In both groups, botulinum toxin was administered to the right thigh and a physiological saline solution was applied to the left thigh. Five days later, flaps were elevated over the posterior aspect of the right and left thighs and inset after 90° and 180° rotation was performed. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and necrosis area analyses were performed. RESULTS Necrosis area, edema, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, and necrosis were found to be higher on the left side of the groups, whereas epidermal thickness, collagen density, vascularization, and hair root density were found to be higher on the right side of the groups. No significant difference was found between the right posterior thighs in either group on any parameter other than vascularization. Histopathologically and immunochemically statistically significant differences were found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study found that botulinum toxin increases flap viability in lower limb perforator-based propeller flaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Erdem
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Bagcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yigit Tiftikcioglu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak Ergün Tatar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Bagcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Dogan Kılıc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yigit Uyanıkgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tahir Gürler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren R, Li Z, Jiang X, Liu Y. The ROS-associated programmed cell death causes the decline of pollen viability recovered from cryopreservation in Paeonia lactiflora. Plant Cell Rep 2020; 39:941-952. [PMID: 32296871 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
After cryopreservation, the occurrence of apoptosis-like programmed cell death events induced by the accumulation of ROS reduces pollen viability. Cryopreservation, as a biotechnological means for long-term preservation of pollen, has been applied to many species. However, after cryopreservation, the viability of pollen significantly decreases via a mechanism that is not completely clear. In this study, the pollen of Paeonia lactiflora 'Zi Feng Chao Yang', which exhibits significantly reduced viability after liquid nitrogen (LN2) storage, was used to study the relationship among pollen viability, programmed cell death (PCD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The apoptosis rate was increased significantly in pollen with decreased viability after cryopreservation, and the changes in ROS generation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were consistent with the apoptosis rate. Correlation analysis results showed that the apoptosis rate is positively correlated with ROS generation and H2O2 content. In addition, ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid reductase (APX) levels were significantly correlated with ROS and H2O2. After LN2 preservation for 8 months, the exogenous antioxidants AsA and GSH at appropriate concentrations significantly decreased H2O2 content, inhibited PCD indicator levels, and increased cryopreserved pollen viability. These observations suggest that PCD occurred in pollen during LN2 preservation for 1-8 months and was induced by the accumulation of ROS in pollen after cryopreservation, thus explaining the main reasons for the reduction in pollen viability after cryopreservation in LN2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifen Ren
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zedi Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xueru Jiang
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Souza BM, Rodrigues M, de Oliveira FS, da Silva LPA, Bouças AP, Portinho CP, Dos Santos BP, Camassola M, Rocha D, Lysakowski S, Martini J, Leitão CB, Nardi NB, Bauer AC, Crispim D. Improvement of human pancreatic islet quality after co-culture with human adipose-derived stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 505:110729. [PMID: 31972330 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether co-culture of human islets with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can improve islet quality and to evaluate which factors play a role in the protective effect of ASCs against islet dysfunction. Islets and ASCs were cultured in three experimental groups for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h: 1) indirect co-culture of islets with ASC monolayer (Islets/ASCs); 2) islets alone; and 3) ASCs alone. Co-culture with ASCs improved islet viability and function in all culture time-points analyzed. VEGFA, HGF, IL6, IL8, IL10, CCL2, IL1B, and TNF protein levels were increased in supernatants of islet/ASC group compared to islets alone, mainly after 24 h. Moreover, VEGFA, IL6, CCL2, HIF1A, XIAP, CHOP, and NFKBIA genes were differentially expressed in islets from the co-culture condition compared to islets alone. In conclusion, co-culture of islets with ASCs promotes improvements in islet quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M de Souza
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Fernanda S de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liana P A da Silva
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Ana P Bouças
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ciro P Portinho
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil
| | - Bruno P Dos Santos
- Laboratory for Tissue Bioengineering (BioTis), Inserm U1026, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Melissa Camassola
- Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Post-Graduation Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Dagoberto Rocha
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Lysakowski
- Organ Procurement Organization, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliano Martini
- Transplant Center, Surgery Department, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane B Leitão
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nance B Nardi
- Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Post-Graduation Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Bauer
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Laboratory of Human Pancreatic Islet Biology, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clınicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kumar V, Kumar PG, Yadav JK. Impact of semen-derived amyloid (SEVI) on sperm viability and motility: its implication in male reproductive fitness. Eur Biophys J 2019; 48:659-671. [PMID: 31392382 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human semen contains a large number of macromolecules, including proteins/enzymes and carbohydrates, regulating and protecting sperm cells. Proteomic analysis of human seminal fluid led to the discovery of semen amyloids derived from short peptide fragments of the proteins prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and semenogelin (SG) which are known to play a crucial role in enhancing HIV infection. However, the relevance of their existence in human semen and role in maintaining sperm behavior remains unclear. Distinct physiological, biochemical, and biophysical attributes might cause these amyloids to influence sperm behavior positively or negatively, affecting fertilization or other reproductive processes. We assessed the direct effect of amyloids derived from a PAP248-286 fragment, on sperm motility and viability, which are crucial parameters for assessment of sperm quality in semen. Co-incubation of human sperm with PAP248-286 amyloids at normal physiological concentrations formed in buffer led to significant reduction in sperm viability, though approximately a 10× higher concentration was needed to show a similar effect with amyloid formed in seminal fluid. Both forms of PAP248-286 amyloid also had a significant impact on sperm motility at physiological levels, in agreement with a previous report. Our study suggests that PAP248-286 amyloids can directly influence sperm motility and viability in a concentration-dependent manner. We hypothesise that the direct toxic effect of PAP248-286 amyloid is normally mitigated by other seminal fluid ingredients, but that in pathological conditions, where PAP248-286 concentrations are elevated and it plays a role in determining sperm health and viability, with relevance for male fertility as well as sterility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Jaipur-Ajmer Highway, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Pradeep G Kumar
- Molecular Reproduction Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Jay Kant Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Jaipur-Ajmer Highway, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yadetie F, Zhang X, Hanna EM, Aranguren-Abadía L, Eide M, Blaser N, Brun M, Jonassen I, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA. RNA-Seq analysis of transcriptome responses in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) precision-cut liver slices exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and 17α-ethynylestradiol. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 201:174-186. [PMID: 29929084 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) pathway, and endocrine disruptors acting through the estrogen receptor pathway are among environmental pollutants of major concern. In this work, we exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) to BaP (10 nM and 1000 nM), ethynylestradiol (EE2) (10 nM and 1000 nM), and equimolar mixtures of BaP and EE2 (10 nM and 1000 nM) for 48 h, and performed RNA-Seq based transcriptome mapping followed by systematic bioinformatics analyses. Our gene expression analysis showed that several genes were differentially expressed in response to BaP and EE2 treatments in PCLS. Strong up-regulation of genes coding for the cytochrome P450 1a (Cyp1a) enzyme and the Ahr repressor (Ahrrb) was observed in BaP treated PCLS. EE2 treatment of liver slices strongly up-regulated genes coding for precursors of vitellogenin (Vtg) and eggshell zona pellucida (Zp) proteins. As expected, pathway enrichment and network analysis showed that the Ahr and estrogen receptor pathways are among the top affected by BaP and EE2 treatments, respectively. Interestingly, two genes coding for fibroblast growth factor 3 (Fgf3) and fibroblast growth factor 4 (Fgf4) were up-regulated by EE2 in this study. To our knowledge, the fgf3 and fgf4 genes have not previously been described in relation to estrogen signaling in fish liver, and these results suggest the modulation of the FGF signaling pathway by estrogens in fish. The signature expression profiles of top differentially expressed genes in response to the single compound (BaP or EE2) treatment were generally maintained in the expression responses to the equimolar binary mixtures. However, in the mixture-treated groups, BaP appeared to have anti-estrogenic effects as observed by lower number of differentially expressed putative EE2 responsive genes. Our in-depth quantitative analysis of changes in liver transcriptome in response to BaP and EE2, using PCLS tissue culture provides further mechanistic insights into effects of the compounds. Moreover, the analyses demonstrate the usefulness of PCLS in cod for omics experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Eileen Marie Hanna
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Marta Eide
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Nello Blaser
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Morten Brun
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen T, Tu Q, Cheng L, Li Z, Lin D. Effects of curculigoside A on random skin flap survival in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:281-287. [PMID: 30030989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis in distal areas of random skin flaps remains a challenging issue. Curculigoside A (CA), one of the main bioactive phenolic compounds, has been reported to induce angiogenesis in vitro by increasing proliferation, tube formation, and migration. In addition, CA was shown to increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. In this study, we investigated the potential use of CA as a novel candidate to enhance the viability of the ischemic skin flap. A modified McFarlane flap was used as a surgical model in Sprague-Dawley rats. Three groups of rats were treated as follows: the control group received 0.9% saline orally, while rats in the two treatment groups were administered 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg CA orally for 7 days, respectively. On day7, the mice were killed, and tissue samples were collected for hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical examination, while laser Doppler imaging and oxide-gelatin angiography were performed to assess angiogenesis. Kits for the analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were used to verify the oxidative stress level. Treating animals with CA significantly increased the surviving portion of the flaps. VEGF and SOD expression and microvessel development were markedly increased, and the MDA level was reduced, in the CA treatment groups. Histological studies demonstrated that CA promoted angiogenesis and attenuated inflammatory cell numbers. These findings indicated that CA increases random skin flap survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiang Chen
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiming Tu
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dingsheng Lin
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bruni A, Pepper AR, Pawlick RL, Gala-Lopez B, Gamble AF, Kin T, Seeberger K, Korbutt GS, Bornstein SR, Linkermann A, Shapiro AMJ. Ferroptosis-inducing agents compromise in vitro human islet viability and function. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:595. [PMID: 29789532 PMCID: PMC5964226 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human islet transplantation has been hampered by donor cell death associated with the islet preparation procedure before transplantation. Regulated necrosis pathways are biochemically and morphologically distinct from apoptosis. Recently, ferroptosis was identified as a non-apoptotic form of iron-dependent regulated necrosis implicated in various pathological conditions. Mediators of islet oxidative stress, including glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), have been identified as inhibitors of ferroptosis, and mechanisms that affect GPX4 function can impact islet function and viability. Ferroptosis has not been investigated directly in human islets, and its relevance in islet transplantation remains unknown. Herein, we sought to determine whether in vitro human islet viability and function is compromised in the presence of two distinct ferroptosis-inducing agents (FIA), erastin or RSL3, and whether these effects could be rescued with ferroptosis inhibitors, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), or desferrioxamine (DFO). Viability, as assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, revealed significant death in erastin- and RSL3-treated islets, 20.3% ± 3.8 and 24.4% ± 2.5, 24 h post culture, respectively. These effects were ameliorated in islets pre-treated with Fer-1 or the iron chelator, desferrioxamine (DFO). Stimulation index, a marker of islet function revealed a significant reduction in function in erastin-treated islets (control 1.97 ± 0.13 vs. 50 μM erastin 1.32 ± 0.1) (p < 0.05). Fer-1 and DFO pre-treatment alone did not augment islet viability or function. Pre-treatment of islets with erastin or Fer-1 did not impact in vivo engraftment in an immunodeficient mouse transplant model. Our data reveal that islets are indeed susceptible to ferroptosis in vitro, and induction of this novel cell death modality leads to compromised islet function, which can be recoverable in the presence of the ferroptosis inhibitors. The in vivo impact of this pathway in islet transplantation remains elusive given the constraints of our study, but warrants continued investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bruni
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew R Pepper
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rena L Pawlick
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Boris Gala-Lopez
- QEII Health Science Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anissa F Gamble
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Seeberger
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Clinic for Internal Medicine 3, Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine 3, Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao Q, Zhou L, Liu J, Cao Z, Du X, Huang F, Pan G, Cheng F. Involvement of CAT in the detoxification of HT-induced ROS burst in rice anther and its relation to pollen fertility. Plant Cell Rep 2018; 37:741-757. [PMID: 29464319 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
HT-induced ROS burst in developing anther is closely related to the lowered CAT activity as the result of the markedly suppressed OsCATB transcript, thereby causing severe fertility injury for rice plants exposed to HT at meiosis stage. The reproductive stage of rice plants is highly sensitive to heat stress. In this paper, different rice cultivars were used to investigate the relationship of HT-induced floret sterility with reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification in rice anthers under well-controlled climatic conditions. Results showed that high temperature (HT) exposure significantly enhanced the ROS level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in developing anther, and the increase in ROS amount in rice anther under HT exposure was closely associated with HT-induced decline in the activities of several antioxidant enzymes. For various antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT were more susceptible to the ROS burst in rice anther induced by HT exposure than APX and POD, in which SOD and CAT activity in developing anther decreased significantly by HT exposure, whereas APX activity was relatively stable among different temperature regimes. HT-induced decrease in CAT activity was attributable to the suppressed transcript of OsCATB. This occurrence was strongly responsible for HT-induced increase in ROS level and oxidative-damage in rice anther, thereby it finally caused significant reduction in pollen viability and floret fertility for the rice plants exposed to HT during meiosis. Exogenous application of 1000 µM salicylic acid (SA) may alleviate HT-induced reduction in pollen viability and floret fertility, concomitantly with the increased CAT activity and reduced ROS level in rice anther.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lujian Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cao
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxia Du
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fudeng Huang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangmin Cheng
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sim JS, Kesawat MS, Kumar M, Kim SY, Mani V, Subramanian P, Park S, Lee CM, Kim SR, Hahn BS. Lack of the α1,3-Fucosyltransferase Gene ( Osfuct) Affects Anther Development and Pollen Viability in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041225. [PMID: 29670011 PMCID: PMC5979348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is one of the key post-translational modifications. α1,3-Fucosyltransferase (OsFucT) is responsible for transferring α1,3-linked fucose residues to the glycoprotein N-glycan in plants. We characterized an Osfuct mutant that displayed pleiotropic developmental defects, such as impaired anther and pollen development, diminished growth, shorter plant height, fewer tillers, and shorter panicle length and internodes under field conditions. In addition, the anthers were curved, the pollen grains were shriveled, and pollen viability and pollen number per anther decreased dramatically in the mutant. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analyses of the N-glycans revealed that α1,3-fucose was lacking in the N-glycan structure of the mutant. Mutant complementation revealed that the phenotype was caused by loss of Osfuct function. Transcriptome profiling also showed that several genes essential for plant developmental processes were significantly altered in the mutant, including protein kinases, transcription factors, genes involved in metabolism, genes related to protein synthesis, and hypothetical proteins. Moreover, the mutant exhibited sensitivity to an increased concentration of salt. This study facilitates a further understanding of the function of genes mediating N-glycan modification and anther and pollen development in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Soo Sim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
| | - Su-Yeon Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Vimalraj Mani
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Parthiban Subramanian
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Soyoung Park
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Chang-Muk Lee
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Seong-Ryong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
| | - Bum-Soo Hahn
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Crump D, Chiu S, Williams KL. Bis-(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone decreases embryonic viability and alters hepatic mRNA expression at two distinct developmental stages in chicken embryos exposed via egg injection. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:530-537. [PMID: 28960418 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Concerns surrounding the toxicological effects and environmental prevalence of bisphenol A (BPA) have increased efforts to identify suitable safer replacement alternatives. Bis-(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone (TGSH) represents a potential BPA alternative; however, exposure and ecotoxicological data are scarce. To determine effects on embryonic viability, development, and hepatic mRNA expression at 2 distinct developmental periods (midincubation [day 11] and pipping [days 20-21]), TGSH was injected into the air cell of unincubated, fertilized chicken embryos at 4 concentrations ranging from 0 to 180 μg/g egg. Concentrations of TGSH increased in a dose-dependent manner in whole-embryo homogenates, and the estimated median lethal dose (LD50) based on embryonic viability at midincubation was 66 µg/g (95% confidence interval = 31-142 µg/g), which is similar to the BPA LD50 (∼ 67 μg/g) reported in a previous study. Modulation of hepatic gene targets from a chicken ToxChip polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was observed at both developmental stages. At midincubation, 21/43 genes on the PCR array were significantly altered (by >1.5-fold) in the 180 μg/g dose group, whereas 9 and 6/43 were altered at pipping in the 9.2 and 48 μg/g groups, respectively. Predominant toxicity pathways included xenobiotic metabolism, lipid homeostasis, bile acid synthesis, and cell cycle regulation. The estrogen-responsive gene apolipoprotein II was significantly up-regulated in liver tissue of midincubation embryos at 180 μg/g; however, neither apolipoprotein II nor vitellogenin II were altered at the other concentrations or developmental time points. Given the importance of identifying suitable BPA replacement alternatives, the present study provides novel, whole-animal toxicological data for a BPA replacement alternative that has an effect on embryonic viability similar to that of the compound it could replace. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:530-537. © 2017 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doug Crump
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne Chiu
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim L Williams
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim JJ, Nam YK, Bang IC, Gong SP. Effective Condition for Whole Testis Cryopreservation of Endangered Miho Spine Loach (Cobitis choii) Through the Optimization of Mud Loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) Whole Testis Cryopreservation Condition. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:53-59. [PMID: 29734415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND: Miho spine loach (Cobitis choii) is an endangered Korean endemic fish. Whole testis cryopreservation is a good way for species preservation, but needs to the sacrifice of a large number of fish to optimize the freezing condition. Considering this limitation, a surrogate fish species was used for the protocol development. OBJECTIVE This study was to establish the effective condition for Miho spine loach whole testis cryopreservation by optimizing the conditions for whole testis cryopreservation in an allied species, mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis). MATERIALS AND METHODS The condition for whole testis cryopreservation was optimized in mud loach first, and then the optimal condition was applied to Miho spine loach testes. RESULTS The optimal condition for mud loach testis cryopreservation consists of the freezing medium containing 1.3 M dimethyl sulfoxide, 6% fetal bovine serum and 0.3 M trehalose, -1 C/min cooling rate and 26 degree C thawing temperature, which also permits effective cryopreservation of Miho spine loach testes. CONCLUSION An effective cryopreservation condition for whole testis of the endangered Miho spine loach has been established by using mud loach as a surrogate fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Kim
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Y K Nam
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Department of Marine Biomaterials and Aquaculture, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - I C Bang
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - S P Gong
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Department of Marine Biomaterials and Aquaculture, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen H, Yu X, Zhang X, Yang L, Huang X, Zhang J, Pritchard HW, Li W. Phospholipase Dα1-mediated phosphatidic acid change is a key determinant of desiccation-induced viability loss in seeds. Plant Cell Environ 2018; 41:50-63. [PMID: 28152567 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High sensitivity of seeds to water loss is a widespread phenomenon in the world's plant species. The molecular basis of this trait is poorly understood but thought to be associated with critical changes in membrane function. We profiled membrane lipids of seeds in eight species with varying levels of desiccation tolerance and found a close association between reducing seed viability and increasing phosphatidic acid (PA). We applied hydration-dehydration cycles to Arabidopsis seeds, which are normally desiccation tolerant, to mimic the onset of desiccation sensitivity with progression towards germination and examined the role of phospholipase D (PLD) in desiccation stress-induced production of PA. We found that PLDα1 became more abundant and migrated from the cytosol to the membrane during desiccation, whereas PLDδ did not change, and that all desiccation-induced PA was derived from PLDα1 hydrolysis. When PLDα1 was suppressed, the germination level after each hydration-dehydration cycle improved significantly. We further demonstrated that PLDα1-mediated PA formation modulates desiccation sensitivity as applying its inhibitor improved seed desiccation tolerance and its suppression in protoplasts enhanced survival under dehydration. The insights provided by comparative lipidomics enable us to propose a new membrane-based model for seed desiccation stress and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xiaomei Yu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agriculture University, 650201, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hugh W Pritchard
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
| | - Weiqi Li
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Faleo G, Russ HA, Wisel S, Parent AV, Nguyen V, Nair GG, Freise JE, Villanueva KE, Szot GL, Hebrok M, Tang Q. Mitigating Ischemic Injury of Stem Cell-Derived Insulin-Producing Cells after Transplant. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:807-819. [PMID: 28803916 PMCID: PMC5599226 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of large-scale in vitro differentiation of human stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells (SCIPC) has brought us closer to treating diabetes using stem cell technology. However, decades of experiences from islet transplantation show that ischemia-induced islet cell death after transplant severely limits the efficacy of the therapy. It is unclear to what extent human SCIPC are susceptible to ischemia. In this study, we show that more than half of SCIPC die shortly after transplantation. Nutrient deprivation and hypoxia acted synergistically to kill SCIPC in vitro. Amino acid supplementation rescued SCIPC from nutrient deprivation, likely by providing cellular energy. Generating SCIPC under physiological oxygen tension of 5% conferred hypoxia resistance without affecting their differentiation or function. A two-pronged strategy of physiological oxygen acclimatization during differentiation and amino acid supplementation during transplantation significantly improved SCIPC survival after transplant. Stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells (SCIPC) are susceptible to ischemic injury Amino acid supplementation prevents nutrient-deprivation-induced SCIPC death Generation of SCIPC at physiological oxygen levels protects them against hypoxia Both strategies combined preserve SCIPC graft viability in vivo upon transplant
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Faleo
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven Wisel
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Audrey V Parent
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gopika G Nair
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jonathan E Freise
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Karina E Villanueva
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gregory L Szot
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Olivares-Trigo P, Peña CF, Cavieres MF. A simple short term method to study thyroid disruption using a fetal rat thyroid culture. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 88:19-24. [PMID: 28476565 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid modulation activity has not been investigated for many chemical substances. Due to ethical, practical and financial reasons, in vivo evaluation of a large number of compounds is not feasible. It has been proposed that an in vitro mechanism-based strategy could be more adequate for the identification of thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals. Here we describe a simple and mostly inexpensive, short term culture assay to study thyroid disruption. METHODS Fetal thyroids collected from gestation day 20.5 were cultured up to 24h in Hank's saline solution, at 37°C with oxygenation at 0 and 12h. Viability of the cultured explants was evaluated by the MTT assay. Positive (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) and negative (6-propyl-2-thiouracil, PTU) modulation of cultured thyroids was assessed with morphometrical analysis of H & E stained gland sections. Thyroxine expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Viability was shown to increase with time of culture with higher metabolic activity being achieved at 24h as compared to shorter periods of incubation. Follicular epithelial cells exhibited a statistically significant dependence on thyrotropin concentration, although more evident in the inner than in the outer portion of the glands. As expected, TSH induced expression of thyroxin while PTU inhibited it. DISCUSSION GD20.5 fetal thyroids may be cultured up to 24h under relatively simple laboratory conditions during which viability and function of the gland are preserved showing that it is possible to reproduce in vivo response under in vitro conditions. This culture could be a suitable short term assay to study mechanism of thyroid disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Olivares-Trigo
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, CHILE, Av Gran Bretaña 1093, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Camilo Fuentes Peña
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, CHILE, Av Gran Bretaña 1093, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - María Fernanda Cavieres
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, CHILE, Av Gran Bretaña 1093, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chenu C, Adlanmerini M, Boudou F, Chantalat E, Guihot AL, Toutain C, Raymond-Letron I, Vicendo P, Gadeau AP, Henrion D, Arnal JF, Lenfant F. Testosterone Prevents Cutaneous Ischemia and Necrosis in Males Through Complementary Estrogenic and Androgenic Actions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:909-919. [PMID: 28360090 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic nonhealing wounds are a substantial medical concern and are associated with morbidity and mortality; thus, new treatment strategies are required. The first step toward personalized/precision medicine in this field is probably in taking sex differences into account. Impaired wound healing is augmented by ischemia, and we previously demonstrated that 17β-estradiol exerts a major preventive effect against ischemia-induced skin flap necrosis in female mice. However, the equivalent effects of testosterone in male mice have not yet been reported. We then investigated the role of steroid hormones in male mice using a skin flap ischemia model. APPROACH AND RESULTS Castrated male mice developed skin necrosis after ischemia, whereas intact or castrated males treated with testosterone were equally protected. Testosterone can (1) activate the estrogen receptor after its aromatization into 17β-estradiol or (2) be reduced into dihydrotestosterone, a nonaromatizable androgen that activates the androgen receptor. We found that dihydrotestosterone protected castrated wild-type mice by promoting skin revascularization, probably through a direct action on resistance arteries, as evidenced using a complementary model of flow-mediated outward remodeling. 17β-estradiol treatment of castrated male mice also strongly protected them from ischemic necrosis through the activation of estrogen receptor-α by increasing skin revascularization and skin survival. Remarkably, 17β-estradiol improved skin survival with a greater efficiency than dihydrotestosterone. CONCLUSIONS Testosterone provides males with a strong protection against cutaneous necrosis and acts through both its estrogenic and androgenic derivatives, which have complementary effects on skin survival and revascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chenu
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Marine Adlanmerini
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Frederic Boudou
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Elodie Chantalat
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Céline Toutain
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Patricia Vicendo
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Alain-Pierre Gadeau
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.)
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- From the INSERM U1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, France (C.C., M.A., F.B., E.C., C.T., J.-F.A., F.L.); Département d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France (I.R.-L.); Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, France (P.V.); INSERM U1034, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France (A.-P.G.); and MITOVASC, CARFI, INSERM U1083 and CNRS UMR6214, Université d'Angers, France (A.-L.G., D.H.).
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
van Vuuren D, Marais E, Genade S, Lochner A. The differential effects of FTY720 on functional recovery and infarct size following myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 27:375-386. [PMID: 27966000 PMCID: PMC5408499 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2016-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the sphingosine analogue, FTY720 (Fingolimod), on the outcomes of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Two concentrations of FTY720 (1 or 2.5 µM were administered either prior to (PreFTY), or following (PostFTY) 20 minutes' global (GI) or 35 minutes' regional ischaemia (RI) in the isolated, perfused, working rat heart. Functional recovery during reperfusion was assessed following both models of ischaemia, while infarct size (IFS) was determined following RI. RESULTS FTY720 at 1 µM exerted no effect on functional recovery, while 2.5 µM significantly impaired aortic output (AO) recovery when administered prior to GI (% recovery: control: 33.88 ± 6.12% vs PreFTY: 0%, n = 6-10; p < 0.001), as well as before and after RI ( % recovery: control: 27.86 ± 13.22% vs PreFTY: 0.62% ; p < 0.05; and PostFTY: 2.08%; p = 0.0585, n = 6). FTY720 at 1 µM administered during reperfusion reduced IFS (% of area at risk (AAR): control: 39.89 ± 3.93% vs PostFTY: 26.56 ± 4.32%, n = 6-8; p < 0.05), while 2.5 µM FTY720 reduced IFS irrespective of the time of administration ( % of AAR: control: 39.89 ± 3.93% vs PreFTY: 29.97 ± 1.03% ; and PostFTY: 30.45 ± 2.16%, n = 6; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION FTY720 exerted divergent outcomes on function and tissue survival depending on the concentration administered, as well as the timing of administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derick van Vuuren
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - Erna Marais
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Sonia Genade
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Amanda Lochner
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tomalty HE, Hamilton EF, Hamilton A, Kukal O, Allen T, Walker VK. Kidney preservation at subzero temperatures using a novel storage solution and insect ice-binding proteins. Cryo Letters 2017; 38:100-107. [PMID: 28534053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contemporary kidney preservation methods involve storing at 4 degree C up to 24 h prior to transplantation. By decreasing the storage temperature to below 0 degree C, we hypothesized that the safe storage time could be significantly lengthened. OBJECTIVE The efficacy of a proprietary CryoStasis (CrS) storage solution for the subzero preservation of kidneys was tested, with or without addition of a hyperactive insect antifreeze protein (TmAFP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat kidneys were stored in either University of Wisconsin (UW) solution (4 degree C, 24 h), CrS (-2 degree C, 48 h), or CrS with 61.5 µM TmAFP (-4.4 degree C, 72 h). Following storage, viability was assessed with MTT reduction assays and live vs. dead cell (FDA/PI) staining. Markers of ischemic damage were analyzed using fluormetric substrates for caspase-3 and calpain activity. RESULTS Kidneys stored in CrS for 48 h and CrS with TmAFP for 72 h displayed similar levels of enzymatic activity compared to 24 h UW controls. CONCLUSION This methodology shows promise to prolong the safe storage time of kidneys and offers the potential of increased organ availability for renal transplants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H E Tomalty
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - E F Hamilton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario; CryoStasis Ltd., Westport, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Kukal
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario; CryoStasis Ltd., Westport, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Allen
- CryoStasis Ltd., Westport, Ontario, Canada
| | - V K Walker
- Department of Biology; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ballesteros D, Pence VC. Survival and death of seeds during liquid nitrogen storage: a case study on seeds with short lifespans. Cryo Letters 2017; 38:278-289. [PMID: 29734429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The low temperature of liquid nitrogen is assumed to stop ageing and preserve viability indefinitely, however there are few validating data sets. The use of seeds to test these assumptions is important because other cryopreserved systems lack quantitative measures of viability to allow comparisons among timed points. OBJECTIVE To evaluate survival of a collection of seeds with short lifespans stored 12-20 years in liquid nitrogen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated for germination and normal growth. RESULTS Germination of Plantago cordata and Betula spp. seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage. However, Populus deltoides and most Salix spp. accessions showed a significant decrease in germination, with further loss observed when P. deltoides seedlings were followed to the young plant stage. Seeds of initial low quality showed greater deterioration during cryostorage. CONCLUSION Cryostorage maintained viability of Salix and Populus seeds longer than other temperatures. However, ageing was not completely stopped and seed longevity was shorter than that predicted for many other species. A high initial seed quality is important in order to obtain the maximum benefit of cryostorage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ballesteros
- Center for Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW). Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex, United Kingdom.
| | - V C Pence
- Center for Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW). Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Karun A, Sajini KK, Muralikrishna KS, Rajesh MK, Engelmann F. Cryopreservation of Arecanut (Areca catechu L.) Pollen. Cryo Letters 2017; 38:463-470. [PMID: 29734442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreservation opens new avenues in the field of genetic resource conservation, especially in recalcitrant seeded palms such as arecanut for which field genebanks are exposed to pest and disease attacks and natural calamities. It is only through cryopreservation that the safety of the conserved germplasm can be assured at a relatively low cost for extended periods. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to standardize various aspects of arecanut pollen cryopreservation, viz. collection and desiccation of pollen, in vitro germination, viability and fecundity studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pollens of three arecanut genotypes (Sumangala, Hirehalli Dwarf and Hirehalli Dwarf x Sumangala) were collected in December 2013-February 2014. In vitro viability tests were conducted using fresh and desiccated pollen. Desiccated pollen was cryopreserved by direct immersion in liquid nitrogen and cryostored for different durations (24 hours to 2 years). Viability and fertility studies were conducted using cryopreserved pollen. RESULTS Pollen extraction was achieved from fully opened male flowers by desiccation at room temperature (33-34 degree C). A medium containing 2.5 g/L sucrose was found to be best for in vitro germination at room temperature. There was no significant difference in germination between desiccated and cryopreserved pollen whereas pollen tube length decreased significantly after cryopreservation. Fertility studies using HD x Sumangala pollen cryostored for various durations (1 month, 1 year and 2 years) showed the setting of 70, 43 and 62%, respectively. Normal nut set was observed using cryopreserved pollen. CONCLUSION Pollen cryopreservation is a viable option for germplasm conservation and hybridization programmes in arecanut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Karun
- ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India
| | - K K Sajini
- ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India.
| | - K S Muralikrishna
- ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India
| | - M K Rajesh
- ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India
| | - F Engelmann
- IRD, UMR DIADE, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Topkara A, Özkan A, Özcan RH, Öksüz M, Akbulut M. Effect of Concentrated Growth Factor on Survival of Diced Cartilage Graft. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36:1176-1187. [PMID: 27590866 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diced cartilage grafts are important in rhinoplasty for raising the dorsum and eliminating dorsal irregularities. The most common problems with the use of diced cartilage are wrapping and cartilage resorption. OBJECTIVES To histopathologically investigate and compare the viability of diced cartilage grafts wrapped with concentrated growth factor, fascia and fenestrated fascia, or blood glue. METHODS Cartilage grafts were harvested from the ears of 10 New Zealand White rabbits and diced into 0.5 to 1 mm3 pieces. The grafts were divided into five groups for comparison: (1) bare diced cartilage; (2) diced cartilage wrapped with fascia; (3) diced cartilage wrapped with fenestrated fascia; (4) diced cartilage wrapped with concentrated growth factor (CGF); and (5) diced cartilage wrapped with blood glue. Each of the five grafts was autologously implanted into a subcutaneous pocket in the back of each rabbit. Three months later, the rabbits were sacrificed and the implants were harvested and examined histopathologically. RESULTS Nucleus loss, calcification, inflammation, and giant cell formation differed significantly between the CGF group and both fascia groups. Chondrocyte proliferation was the highest in the CGF group. Nucleus loss rates were similar between the fascia and fenestrated fascia groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CGF improves the viability of diced cartilage grafts, while fascia hampers it. Punching holes in the fascia does not improve diced cartilage graft viability and neither does blood glue wrapping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adem Topkara
- Drs Topkara, Özkan, and Özcan are Assistant Professors, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. Dr Öksüz is a Specialist, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Çekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Dr Akbulut is a Professor, Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Adem Özkan
- Drs Topkara, Özkan, and Özcan are Assistant Professors, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. Dr Öksüz is a Specialist, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Çekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Dr Akbulut is a Professor, Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Hakan Özcan
- Drs Topkara, Özkan, and Özcan are Assistant Professors, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. Dr Öksüz is a Specialist, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Çekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Dr Akbulut is a Professor, Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Öksüz
- Drs Topkara, Özkan, and Özcan are Assistant Professors, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. Dr Öksüz is a Specialist, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Çekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Dr Akbulut is a Professor, Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Metin Akbulut
- Drs Topkara, Özkan, and Özcan are Assistant Professors, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. Dr Öksüz is a Specialist, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Çekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey. Dr Akbulut is a Professor, Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Teixeira GQ, Leite Pereira C, Castro F, Ferreira JR, Gomez-Lazaro M, Aguiar P, Barbosa MA, Neidlinger-Wilke C, Goncalves RM. Anti-inflammatory Chitosan/Poly-γ-glutamic acid nanoparticles control inflammation while remodeling extracellular matrix in degenerated intervertebral disc. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:168-179. [PMID: 27321188 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is one of the most common causes of low back pain (LBP), the leading disorder in terms of years lived with disability. Inflammation can play a role in LPB, while impairs IVD regeneration. In spite of this, different inflammatory targets have been purposed in the context of IVD regeneration. Anti-inflammatory nanoparticles (NPs) of Chitosan and Poly-(γ-glutamic acid) with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac (Df), were previously shown to counteract a pro-inflammatory response of human macrophages. Here, the effect of intradiscal injection of Df-NPs in degenerated IVD was evaluated. For that, Df-NPs were injected in a bovine IVD organ culture in pro-inflammatory/degenerative conditions, upon stimulation with needle-puncture and interleukin (IL)-1β. Df-NPs were internalized by IVD cells, down-regulating IL-6, IL-8, MMP1 and MMP3, and decreasing PGE2 production, compared with IL-1β-stimulated IVD punches. Interestingly, at the same time, Df-NPs promoted an up-regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, namely collagen type II and aggrecan. Allover, this study suggests that IVD treatment with Df-NPs not only reduces inflammation, but also delays and/or decreases ECM degradation, opening perspectives to new intradiscal therapies for IVD degeneration, based on the modulation of inflammation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Degeneration of the IVD is an age-related progressive process considered to be the major cause of spine disorders. The pro-inflammatory environment and biomechanics of the degenerated IVD is a challenge for regenerative therapies. The novelty of this work is the intradiscal injection of an anti-inflammatory therapy based on Chitosan (Ch)/Poly-(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with an anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac, Df), previously developed by us. This drug delivery system was tested in a pro-inflammatory/degenerative intervertebral disc ex vivo model. The main findings support the success of an anti-inflammatory therapy for degenerated IVD that not only reduces inflammation but also promotes native IVD matrix production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graciosa Q Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Leite Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Flávia Castro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana R Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Gomez-Lazaro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Aguiar
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Raquel M Goncalves
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nagaya M, Matsunari H, Kanai T, Maehara M, Nakano K, Umeki I, Katsumata Y, Kasai Y, Sakai R, Kobayashi M, Honda M, Abe N, Watanabe M, Umeyama K, Nagashima H. An Effective New Cryopreservation Procedure for Pancreatic Islets Using Hollow Fiber Vitrification. Horm Metab Res 2016; 48:540-9. [PMID: 27341475 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at establishing a new cryopreservation method for mouse pancreatic islets by vitrification using hollow fibers as a container. A unique feature of the hollow fiber vitrification (HFV) method is that this method achieves stable vitrification using a minimum volume of cryoprotectant (CPA) solution, thereby ensuring high viability of the islets. The cytotoxicity, optimum composition, and concentration of the CPAs for vitrifying islets were examined. The viability, functional-integrity of vitrified islets were evaluated in comparison with those vitrified by conventional methods. Insulin secretion was measured in vitro by a static incubation assay and the metabolic functions was tested after transplantation into Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The combination of 15% dimethyl sulfoxide+15% ethylene glycol resulted in the best CPA solution for the HFV of islets. HFV showed the highest viability in comparison to 2 vitrification methods, open pulled straws and vitrification with EDT324 solution. The vitrified islets stably expressed β-cells markers NeuroD, Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1, and MafA. Transplantation of the vitrified islets achieved euglycemia of the host diabetic mice and response to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test to a similar extent as non-vitrified transplanted islets. The HFV method allows for efficient long-term cryopreservation of islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nagaya
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Matsunari
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Kanai
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Maehara
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - I Umeki
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Katsumata
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Kasai
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - R Sakai
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Honda
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - N Abe
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Umeyama
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Nagashima
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Higashimita Tama-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bruni A, Pepper AR, Gala-Lopez B, Pawlick R, Abualhassan N, Crapo JD, Piganelli JD, Shapiro AMJ. A novel redox-active metalloporphyrin reduces reactive oxygen species and inflammatory markers but does not improve marginal mass engraftment in a murine donation after circulatory death islet transplantation model. Islets 2016; 8:e1190058. [PMID: 27220256 PMCID: PMC4987021 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2016.1190058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a highly effective treatment for stabilizing glycemic control for select patients with type-1 diabetes. Despite improvements to clinical transplantation, single-donor transplant success has been hard to achieve routinely, necessitating increasing demands on viable organ availability. Donation after circulatory death (DCD) may be an alternative option to increase organ availability however, these organs tend to be more compromised. The use of metalloporphyrin anti-inflammatory and antioxidant (MnP) compounds previously demonstrated improved in vivo islet function in preclinical islet transplantation. However, the administration of MnP (BMX-001) in a DCD islet isolation and transplantation model has yet to be established. In this study, murine donors were subjected to a 15-min warm ischemic (WI) period prior to isolation and culture with or without MnP. Subsequent to one-hour culture, islets were assessed for in vitro viability and in vivo function. A 15-minute WI period significantly reduced islet yield, regardless of MnP-treatment relative to yields from standard isolation. MnP-treated islets did not improve islet viability compared to DCD islets alone. MnP-treatment did significantly reduce the presence of extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0 .05). Marginal, syngeneic islets (200 islets) transplanted under the renal capsule exhibited similar in vivo outcomes regardless of WI or MnP-treatment. DCD islet grafts harvested 7 d post-transplant exhibited sustained TNF-α and IL-10, while MnP-treated islet-bearing grafts demonstrated reduced IL-10 levels. Taken together, 15-minute WI in murine islet isolation significantly impairs islet yield. DCD islets do indeed demonstrate in vivo function, though MnP therapy was unable to improve viability and engraftment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bruni
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew R. Pepper
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Boris Gala-Lopez
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rena Pawlick
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nasser Abualhassan
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - James D. Crapo
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA, and BioMimetix JV, LLC, Englewood, CO, USA
| | - Jon D. Piganelli
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- BioMimetix JV, LLC, Englewood, CO, USA
| | - A. M. James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- CONTACT A.M. James Shapiro, MD, PhD, Professor, Director of Clinical Islet and Living Donor Liver Transplant Programs, Canada Research Chair in Transplantation Surgery and Regenerative MedicineClinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, 2000 College Plaza, 8215-112th St, Edmonton T6G 2C8, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kolle SN, Sauer UG, Rey Moreno MC, Teubner W, Wohlleben W, Landsiedel R. Eye irritation testing of nanomaterials using the EpiOcular™ eye irritation test and the bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:18. [PMID: 27083156 PMCID: PMC4833924 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of eye irritation hazard has long been a core requirement in any chemical legislation. Nevertheless, publications focussing on the eye damaging potential of nanomaterials are scarce. Traditionally, eye irritation testing was performed using rabbits. The OECD Test Guideline 437 Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method allows determining severely irritating substances without animals, and the recently adopted OECD Test Guideline 492 Reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium test method allows identifying chemicals that neither induce eye irritation nor serious eye damage. For substances applicable to these tests, huge progress has been made in replacing animal testing. METHODS The in vitro eye irritation potential of 20 nanosized and 3 non-nanosized materials was investigated in a 2-tier EpiOcular™ Eye Irritation Test (EpiOcular™-EIT) and BCOP testing strategy including histopathology of the bovine corneas. Furthermore, applicability of the testing strategy for nanomaterials was assessed. Test materials encompassed OECD representative nanomaterials (metals (Ag), metal oxides (ZnO, TiO2, CeO2), amorphous SiO2 and MWCNTs), three organic pigments, quartz, and talc. RESULTS None of the dry-powder nanomaterials elicited eye irritation in either the EpiOcular™-EIT or the BCOP assay. Likewise, an amorphous SiO2 nanomaterial that was supplied as suspension was tested negative in both assays. By contrast, in the EpiOcular™-EIT, the silver nanomaterial that was supplied as dispersion was tested positive, whereas its surfactant-containing dispersant was borderline to negative. In the BCOP assay, the silver nanomaterial elicited highly variable results and dark-brown patches remained on the corneal surface, whereas the results for its dispersant alone were borderline to positive, which was assessed as inconclusive due to high inter-assay variability. CONCLUSION The present study points to the low eye irritation potential of a spectrum of nanomaterials, which is consistent with available in vivo data for the same test materials or for nanosized or bulk materials of the same composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne N. Kolle
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ursula G. Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy – Animal Welfare, Hallstattfeld 16, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Maria C. Rey Moreno
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Wera Teubner
- BASF Schweiz AG, GUP/PS - K141, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- BASF SE, Material Physics and Analytics, GMC/R - B7, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Landsiedel
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, GB/TB - Z470, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Göral A, Aslan C, Bolat Küçükzeybek B, Işık D, Hoşnuter M, Durgun M. Platelet-Rich Fibrin Improves the Viability of Diced Cartilage Grafts in a Rabbit Model. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36:NP153-62. [PMID: 26961991 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjv193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diced cartilage may be wrapped with synthetic or biological materials before grafting to a recipient site. These materials have unique advantages and disadvantages, and a gold standard is not available. OBJECTIVES The authors investigated the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the survival of cartilage grafts in a rabbit model. METHODS In this experimental study, diced cartilage pieces from the ears of 9 male rabbits were left unwrapped or were wrapped with PRF, oxidized regenerated cellulose, or fascia. Specimens then were placed into subcutaneous pockets prepared on the backs of the rabbits. The animals were sacrificed 2 months after the procedure, and the grafts were excised for macroscopic and histopathologic examination. RESULTS The cartilage graft wrapped with PRF showed superior viability compared with the cartilage graft wrapped with oxidized regenerated cellulose. No significant differences were found among the other groups. The groups were not significantly different in terms of rates of inflammation, fibrosis, or vascularization. CONCLUSIONS PRF enhances the viability of diced cartilage grafts and should be considered an appropriate biological wrapping material for cartilage grafting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Göral
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cem Aslan
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Betül Bolat Küçükzeybek
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Dağhan Işık
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mübin Hoşnuter
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Dr Göral is a Specialist, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Manisa Merkezefendi State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. Dr Aslan is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, İzmir University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Küçükzeybek is a Specialist, Department of Pathology, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Dr Işık is an Associate Professor, Dr Hoşnuter is a Professor, and Dr Durgun is an Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Kâtip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang W, Arai F, Kawahara T. Egg-in-cube: design and fabrication of a novel artificial eggshell with functionalized surface. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118624. [PMID: 25768929 PMCID: PMC4359160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An eggshell is a porous microstructure that regulates the passage of gases to allow respiration. The chick embryo and its circulatory system enclosed by the eggshell has become an important model for biomedical research such as the control of angiogenesis, cancer therapy, and drug delivery test, because the use of embryo is ethically acceptable and it is inexpensive and small. However, chick embryo and extra-embryonic blood vessels cannot be accessed freely and has poor observability because the eggshell is tough and cannot be seen through, which limits its application. In this study, a novel artificial eggshell with functionalized surface is proposed, which allows the total amount of oxygen to pass into the egg for the chick embryo culturing and has high observability and accessibility for embryo manipulation. First, a 40-mm enclosed cubic-shaped eggshell consisting of a membrane structure and a rigid frame structure is designed, and then the threshold of the membrane thickness suitable for the embryo survival is figured out according to the oxygen-permeability of the membrane structure. The designed artificial eggshell was actually fabricated by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polycarbonate (PC) in the current study. Using the fabricated eggshell, chick embryo and extra-embryonic blood vessels can be observed from multiple directions. To test the effectiveness of the design, the cubic eggshells were used to culture chick embryos and survivability was confirmed when PDMS membranes with adequate oxygen permeability were used. Since the surface of the eggshell is transparent, chick embryo tissue development could be observed during the culture period. Additionally, the chick embryo tissues could be accessed and manipulated from outside the cubic eggshell, by using mechanical tools without breakage of the eggshell. The proposed "Egg-in-Cube" with functionalized surface has great potential to serve as a promising platform for biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Fumihito Arai
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kawahara
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chang Q, Cheng CC, Jing H, Sheng CJ, Wang TY. Cryoprotective Effect and Optimal Concentration of Trehalose on Aortic Valve Homografts. J Heart Valve Dis 2015; 24:74-82. [PMID: 26182623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Cryopreservation allows for the long-term storage of aortic homografts, but a high risk of calcification and degeneration is often observed following their transplantation. The study aim was to investigate the cryoprotective effect of trehalose on aortic valve homografts preserved in liquid nitrogen, and to determine the optimal trehalose concentration for such purpose. METHODS Aortic valve homografts obtained from New Zealand White rabbits were processed using different protectants. Samples were assigned at random to four groups: a control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 0.1 mol/l), and test groups A, B and C, which were treated with 0.1 mol/l trehalose + 0.1 mol/l DMSO, 0.2 mol/l trehalose + 0.1 mol/l DMSO, or 0.3 mol/l trehalose + 0.1 mol/l DMSO, respectively, as protectant. Samples in each group were allocated randomly to three subgroups and cryopreserved for 12, 15, and 18 months, respectively. After thawing, apoptosis of the cryopreserved homograft samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. The viability of the tissue cells was assessed by monitoring glucose utilization capacity. RESULTS The apoptosis assay showed that, among the four groups and at all time points, the expression of caspase-3 was lowest in test groups A and B and highest in the DMSO group. In comparison, the glucose metabolic rates of test groups A and B were highest, while rates for test group C and the control (DMSO) group ranked second and third. CONCLUSION When aortic homografts are preserved in liquid nitrogen, the cryoprotective effect of trehalose combined with DMSO was superior to that of DMSO alone. The optimal trehalose concentration to cryoprotect rabbit aortic homografts was between 0.1 and 0.2 mol/l.
Collapse
|
28
|
El Kelish A, Zhao F, Heller W, Durner J, Winkler JB, Behrendt H, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Horres R, Pfeifer M, Frank U, Ernst D. Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) pollen allergenicity: SuperSAGE transcriptomic analysis upon elevated CO2 and drought stress. BMC Plant Biol 2014; 14:176. [PMID: 24972689 PMCID: PMC4084800 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pollen of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) is a main cause of allergic diseases in Northern America. The weed has recently become spreading as a neophyte in Europe, while climate change may also affect the growth of the plant and additionally may also influence pollen allergenicity. To gain better insight in the molecular mechanisms in the development of ragweed pollen and its allergenic proteins under global change scenarios, we generated SuperSAGE libraries to identify differentially expressed transcripts. RESULTS Ragweed plants were grown in a greenhouse under 380 ppm CO2 and under elevated level of CO2 (700 ppm). In addition, drought experiments under both CO2 concentrations were performed. The pollen viability was not altered under elevated CO2, whereas drought stress decreased its viability. Increased levels of individual flavonoid metabolites were found under elevated CO2 and/or drought. Total RNA was isolated from ragweed pollen, exposed to the four mentioned scenarios and four SuperSAGE libraries were constructed. The library dataset included 236,942 unique sequences, showing overlapping as well as clear differently expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The analysis targeted ESTs known in Ambrosia, as well as in pollen of other plants. Among the identified ESTs, those encoding allergenic ragweed proteins (Amb a) increased under elevated CO2 and drought stress. In addition, ESTs encoding allergenic proteins in other plants were also identified. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of changes in the transcriptome of ragweed pollen upon CO2 and drought stress using SuperSAGE indicates that under global change scenarios the pollen transcriptome was altered, and impacts the allergenic potential of ragweed pollen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr El Kelish
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Werner Heller
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Biochemical Plant Pathology, Technische Universität München, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - J Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit for Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Center of Allergy & Environment München (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Horres
- GenXPro GmbH, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Pfeifer
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Frank
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Ernst
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liao L, Zhang M, Liu H, Zhang X, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Gong T, Sun X. Subchronic toxicity and immunotoxicity of MeO-PEG-poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-PEG-OMe triblock copolymer nanoparticles delivered intravenously into rats. Nanotechnology 2014; 25:245705. [PMID: 24869981 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/24/245705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although monomethoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-monomethoxy (PELGE) nanoparticles have been widely studied as a drug delivery system, little is known about their toxicity in vivo. Here we examined the subchronic toxicity and immunotoxicity of different doses of PELGE nanoparticles with diameters of 50 and 200 nm (PELGE50 and PELGE200) in rats. Neither size of PELGE nanoparticles showed obvious subchronic toxic effects during 28 d of continuous intravenous administration based on clinical observation, body weight, hematology parameters and histopathology analysis. PELGE200 nanoparticles showed no overt signs of immunotoxicity based on organ coefficients, histopathology analysis, immunoglobulin levels, blood lymphocyte subpopulations and splenocyte cytokines. Conversely, PELGE50 nanoparticles were associated with an increased organ coefficient and histopathological changes in the spleen, increased serum IgM and IgG levels, alterations in blood lymphocyte subpopulations and enhanced expression of spleen interferon-γ. Taken together, these results suggest that PELGE nanoparticles show low subchronic toxicity but substantial immunotoxicity, which depends strongly on particle size. These findings will be useful for safe application of PELGE nanoparticles in drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ozcan RH, Topkara A, Bagdatli D, Ozkan A, Aydın O, Celebi T. Effects of tamoxifen on survival of cutaneous and myocutaneous flap (experimental study). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:493-499. [PMID: 24610615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast cancer is the most common non-skin malignancy in women. In breast cancer, the basic principle of endocrine therapy is to deprive tumor cell from the growth-stimulating effect of estrogens. The oldest, best-known and most widely used endocrine therapy medicine is tamoxifen, which is a selective estrogen receptor blocker. All factors that are known to have adverse effects on flap and pre-reconstruction flap survive should be eliminated 3 weeks before the surgery and started at the end of the 3rd week after the surgery. When the literature is reviewed, there are limited studies about that tamoxifen increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The aim of this study was to research whether tamoxifen had adverse effects on the skin flap and muscle-skin flap survive. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 32 female Sprague-Davley rats were used. Their weights ranged from 220 to 250 g. 4 groups, each consisting of 8 rats, were formed. In this experimental study, in which rat models were used caudal based rat dorsal skin flap and superior pedicle rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps were applied. Control groups were formed for both flap models. Study groups were treated with tamoxifen citrat and control groups were treated with placebo. RESULTS As a result of the statistical evaluation done by measuring the surviving flap areas, it was found out that tamoxifen had no negative effect on flap survive. CONCLUTIONS Based on these findings, it was concluded that there was no need to stop tamoxifen as long as 6-7 weeks in patients undergoing breast reconstruction with pedicle flap techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R H Ozcan
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery AD, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ren H, Lin D, Mou Z, Dong P. The adverse effect of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on random skin flap survival in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82802. [PMID: 24324831 PMCID: PMC3855778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) inhibitors provide desired analgesic effects after injury or surgery, but evidences suggested they also attenuate wound healing. The study is to investigate the effect of COX-2 inhibitor on random skin flap survival. METHODS The McFarlane flap model was established in 40 rats and evaluated within two groups, each group gave the same volume of Parecoxib and saline injection for 7 days. The necrotic area of the flap was measured, the specimens of the flap were stained with haematoxylin-eosin(HE) for histologic analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyse the level of VEGF and COX-2 . RESULTS 7 days after operation, the flap necrotic area ratio in study group (66.65 ± 2.81)% was significantly enlarged than that of the control group(48.81 ± 2.33)%(P <0.01). Histological analysis demonstrated angiogenesis with mean vessel density per mm(2) being lower in study group (15.4 ± 4.4) than in control group (27.2 ± 4.1) (P <0.05). To evaluate the expression of COX-2 and VEGF protein in the intermediate area II in the two groups by immunohistochemistry test .The expression of COX-2 in study group was (1022.45 ± 153.1), and in control group was (2638.05 ± 132.2) (P <0.01). The expression of VEGF in the study and control groups were (2779.45 ± 472.0) vs (4938.05 ± 123.6)(P <0.01).In the COX-2 inhibitor group, the expressions of COX-2 and VEGF protein were remarkably down-regulated as compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Selective COX-2 inhibitor had adverse effect on random skin flap survival. Suppression of neovascularization induced by low level of VEGF was supposed to be the biological mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Ren
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingsheng Lin
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhenyu Mou
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pu Dong
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vasilenko T, Slezák M, Novotný M, Kováč I, Durkáč J, Tomková I, Torma N, Vrzgula A, Lenhardt L, Levkut M, Gál P. Pre- and/or postsurgical administration of estradiol benzoate increases skin flap viability in female rats. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2013; 37:1003-9. [PMID: 23722351 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-013-0151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that estrogens have a protective effect with regard to tissue ischemia. Therefore, in this macroscopic and histological investigation, the effect of estradiol benzoate on skin flap viability was studied in sham-operated and ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS Three months prior to flap surgery a group of rats underwent ovariectomy, while the remaining animals underwent a sham operation. Subsequently, all rats had a 2 × 8-cm skin flap created on the dorsum. Rats were randomly divided into estradiol- or saline-treated groups. Treatment started either on the day of flap excision or 3 days prior to the surgery. RESULTS Our results showed that administration of estradiol benzoate prior to and after flap surgery significantly decreases skin flap necrosis in both sham-operated and ovariectomized rats, with the highest survival rate in animals where treatment started 3 days prior to flap surgery. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the observed protective effect of estradiol on skin flap viability could potentially be applied to plastic and reconstructive surgery in postmenopausal women. Nevertheless, further research is needed to explain the exact underlying mechanism and to find the optimal treatment protocol for human clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Vasilenko
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chiu DTW, Guerra S, Chung B. Pre- and/or postsurgical administration of estradiol benzoate increases rates of skin flap viability in female rats. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2013; 37:1010-1. [PMID: 23943049 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-013-0152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David T W Chiu
- New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bruyère P, Baudot A, Joly T, Commin L, Pillet E, Guérin P, Louis G, Josson-Schramme A, Buff S. A chemically defined medium for rabbit embryo cryopreservation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71547. [PMID: 23977074 PMCID: PMC3748060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates a new synthetic substitute (CRYO3, Ref. 5617, Stem Alpha, France) for animal-based products in rabbit embryo cryopreservation solutions. This evaluation was performed using two approaches: a thermodynamic approach using differential scanning calorimetry and a biological approach using rabbit embryo slow-freezing. During the experiment, foetal calf serum (FCS) was used as a reference. Because FCS varies widely by supplier, three different FCS were selected for the thermodynamic approach. The rabbit embryo slow-freezing solutions were made from Dulbecco's phosphate buffer saline containing 1.5 M Dimethyl Sulfoxide and 18% (v.v(-1)) of CRYO3 or 18% (v.v(-1)) of FCS. These solutions were evaluated using four characteristics: the end of melting temperature, the enthalpy of crystallisation (thermodynamic approach) and the embryo survival rates after culture and embryo transfer (biological approach). In the thermodynamic approach, the solutions containing one of the three different FCS had similar mean thermodynamic characteristics but had different variabilities in the overall data with aberrant values. The solution containing CRYO3 had similar thermodynamic properties when compared to those containing FCS. Moreover, no aberrant value was measured in the solution containing CRYO3. This solution appears to be more stable than the solutions containing a FCS. In the biological approach, the in vitro embryo survival rates obtained with the solution containing CRYO3 (73.7% and 81.3%) and with the solution containing a FCS (77.6% and 71.9%) were similar (p = 0.7). Nevertheless, during the in vivo evaluation, the implantation rate (21.8%) and the live-foetuses rate (18.8%) of the CRYO3 group were significantly higher than the implantation rate (7.1%, p = 0.0002) and the live-foetuses rate (5.3%, p = 0.0002) of the FCS group. The pregnancy rate was also higher in the CRYO3 group compared to the FCS group (81.3% and 43.8%, respectively, p = 0.066). We conclude that CRYO3 can be used as a chemically defined substitute for animal-based products in rabbit embryo cryopreservation solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bruyère
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Anne Baudot
- INSERM U698, Université Paris-Descartes (PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité), Paris, France
| | - Thierry Joly
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
- Département des productions animales, ISARA-Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Loris Commin
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Elodie Pillet
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Pierre Guérin
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Gérard Louis
- INSERM U698, Université Paris-Descartes (PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité), Paris, France
| | | | - Samuel Buff
- UPSP 2011.03.10 (ICE), VetAgro Sup (Université de Lyon), Marcy l'étoile, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li Z, Sun H, Zhang J, Zhang H, Meng F, Cui Z. Development of in vitro 3D TissueFlex® islet model for diabetic drug efficacy testing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72612. [PMID: 23977329 PMCID: PMC3744493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing individuals diagnosed with type II diabetes pose a strong demand for the development of more effective anti-diabetic drugs. However, expensive, ethically controversial animal-based screening for anti-diabetic compounds is not always predictive of the human response. The use of in vitro cell-based models in research presents obviously ethical and cost advantages over in vivo models. This study was to develop an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) perfused culture model of islets (Islet TF) for maintaining viability and functionality longer for diabetic drug efficacy tests. Briefly fresh isolated rat islets were encapsulated in ultrapure alginate and the encapsulated islets were cultured in TissueFlex(®), a multiple, parallel perfused microbioreactor system for 7 days. The encapsulated islets cultured statically in cell culture plates (3D static) and islets cultured in suspension (2D) were used as the comparisons. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that Islet TF model can maintain the in vitro islet viability, and more importantly, the elevated functionality in terms of insulin release and dynamic responses over a 7-day culture period. The Islet TF displays a high sensitivity in responding to drugs and drug dosages over conventional 2D and 3D static models. Actual drug administration in clinics could be simulated using the developed Islet TF model, and the patterns of insulin release response to the tested drugs were in agreement with the data obtained in vivo. Islet TF could be a more predictive in vitro model for routine short- and long-term anti-diabetic drug efficacy testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - He Sun
- Tianjin Weikai Bioeng Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | - Fanyu Meng
- Tianjin Weikai Bioeng Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gümüş N, Odemiş Y, Tuncer E, Yılmaz S. The effect of topical minoxidil pretreatment on nonsurgical delay of rat cutaneous flaps: further studies. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2013; 37:809-15. [PMID: 23764964 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-013-0161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of topically applied minoxidil in the pharmacological delay phenomenon and to demonstrate the comparable microscopic and macroscopic changes between minoxidil-pretreated flaps and surgically delayed flaps. A modified version of the McFarlane flap was used. Group 1 rats, in which a caudally based dorsal skin flap was raised and sutured back, were the control group. In group II, minoxidil solution was spread over the marked skin flap area for 7 days. On the 7th day, a caudally based dorsal skin flap was elevated and then sutured back. Group III rats underwent a surgical delay procedure alone. On the 7th day after flap elevation, evaluation was done by histologic examination and calculation of the flap survival areas in all groups. The lowest flap survival rate appeared in group I and was statistically different from groups II and III. The mean surviving skin flap area in the minoxidil-pretreated group was significantly larger than that in the control group. After histologic evaluation, moderate angiogenesis was also detected in group II. We also found that surgical delay significantly reduced flap necrosis when compared to the minoxidil pretreatment group. According to our study, minoxidil may be considered an effective vasoactive agent for the stimulation of angiogenesis in rat cutaneous flaps and capable of achieving pharmacological delay and increasing flap survival. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazım Gümüş
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Department, Cumhuriyet University Medical Faculty, Sivas, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bhang SH, Jung MJ, Shin JY, La WG, Hwang YH, Kim MJ, Kim BS, Lee DY. Mutual effect of subcutaneously transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells and pancreatic islets within fibrin gel. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7247-56. [PMID: 23827190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
While subcutaneous tissue has been proposed as a potential site for pancreatic islet transplantation, concern remains that the microvasculature of subcutaneous tissue is too poor to support transplanted islets. In an effort to overcome this limitation, we evaluated whether fibrin gel with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and rat pancreatic islets could cure diabetes mellitus when transplanted into the subcutaneous space of diabetic mice. Subcutaneously co-transplanted islets and hADSCs showed normalization of the diabetic recipient's blood glucose levels. The result was enhanced by co-treatment of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in the fibrin gel. The hADSCs enhanced islet viability after transplantation by secreting various growth factors that can protect islets from hypoxic damage. Afterward, hADSCs could maintain islet viability by recruiting new microvasculature nearby the transplanted islets via overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The hADSCs did not directly differentiate into endothelial cells (no detection of biomarkers of human endothelial cells), but showed evidence of differentiation toward insulin-secreting cells (detection of human insulin). Mice receiving islet transplantation alone did not become normoglycemic. Collectively, co-transplantation of fibrin gel with islets and hADSCs will expand the indications for islet transplant therapy and the potential clinical application of cell-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Oenema TA, Maarsingh H, Smit M, Groothuis GMM, Meurs H, Gosens R. Bronchoconstriction Induces TGF-β Release and Airway Remodelling in Guinea Pig Lung Slices. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65580. [PMID: 23840342 PMCID: PMC3694103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodelling, including smooth muscle remodelling, is a primary cause of airflow limitation in asthma. Recent evidence links bronchoconstriction to airway remodelling in asthma. The mechanisms involved are poorly understood. A possible player is the multifunctional cytokine TGF-β, which plays an important role in airway remodelling. Guinea pig lung slices were used as an in vitro model to investigate mechanisms involved in bronchoconstriction-induced airway remodelling. To address this aim, mechanical effects of bronchoconstricting stimuli on contractile protein expression and TGF-β release were investigated. Lung slices were viable for at least 48 h. Both methacholine and TGF-β1 augmented the expression of contractile proteins (sm-α-actin, sm-myosin, calponin) after 48 h. Confocal fluorescence microscopy showed that increased sm-myosin expression was enhanced in the peripheral airways and the central airways. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction mediated the release of biologically active TGF-β, which caused the increased contractile protein expression, as inhibition of actin polymerization (latrunculin A) or TGF-β receptor kinase (SB431542) prevented the methacholine effects, whereas other bronchoconstricting agents (histamine and KCl) mimicked the effects of methacholine. Collectively, bronchoconstriction promotes the release of TGF-β, which induces airway smooth muscle remodelling. This study shows that lung slices are a useful in vitro model to study mechanisms involved in airway remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tjitske A. Oenema
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Harm Maarsingh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geny M. M. Groothuis
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman Meurs
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee H, Park HS, Hong SH, Choi OK, Cho SD, Park J, Oh JE, Chung SS, Jung HS, Park KS. 4-Deoxypyridoxine improves the viability of isolated pancreatic islets ex vivo. Islets 2013; 5:116-21. [PMID: 23756681 DOI: 10.4161/isl.25254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful islet transplantation, for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, depends on the quantity and the quality of transplanted islets. Previously, it has reported that the significant loss of isolated islet mass could be prevented by sphingolipid metabolite, sphinogosine 1-phophate (S1P). This study was performed to elucidate whether the beneficial effects of S1P maintaining isolated pancreatic islets ex vivo are mimicked by modulation of intracellular S1P. We tested the in vitro effect of various agents that modulate intracellular S1P levels in insulinoma cell lines and isolated islets to compare their anti-apoptotic effects with that of S1P. As results, we discovered that 4-deoxypyridoxine (DOP), which inhibits the degradation of intracellular S1P by inhibiting S1P lyase (SPL) activity, minimized the chemically induced apoptosis of insulinoma cell lines as S1P did. Also, supplementation of DOP in the culture media protected the regression of isolated islets that have been maintained ex vivo at least for 18 h providing the evidence of increasing viability of isolated islets with DOP, which impaired SPL activity. In conclusion, these results suggest that the application of SPL inhibitors could be considered as a supplement for the maintenance of viable islets isolated from donor sources in the process of islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakmo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liao SW, Rawson J, Omori K, Ishiyama K, Mozhdehi D, Oancea AR, Ito T, Guan Z, Mullen Y. Maintaining functional islets through encapsulation in an injectable saccharide-peptide hydrogel. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3984-3991. [PMID: 23465491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation offers a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, a major hurdle in this treatment is the rapid loss of functional islets during culture and after transplantation. The liver site, currently utilized for transplantation, is suboptimal for achieving long-term insulin independence due to a rapid islet loss followed by a chronic decline in islet function after transplantation. Herein, we report a synthetic saccharide-peptide (SP) hydrogel that allows suspending islets in liquid and injecting for in situ polymerization without forming islet clumps, indicating its potential in extrahepatic islet transplantation. In vitro, rat islets in SP hydrogel maintained a 3D structure and high glucose-stimulated insulin release similar to that observed in freshly isolated islets for 4 weeks, while control islets cultured in suspension lost their 3D structure and insulin release responses by 2 weeks. Biocompatibility of SP hydrogel was shown by the absence of cytokine mRNA activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to hydrogel in vitro and by the absence of cellular infiltrates in and around the hydrogel implanted subcutaneously. Syngeneic Lewis rat islets transplanted in SP hydrogel in various extrahepatic sites stained strongly for insulin, and more effectively reversed diabetes than unencapsulated islets when transplanted in an omental pocket. In conclusion, the SP hydrogel is non-cytotoxic and supports normal islet structure and function both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, the ability of the hydrogel to separate individual islets after transplantation is important for maintaining their function in vivo. This important property, combined with the versatility and biocompatibility, makes our SP hydrogel a promising synthetic scaffold that can facilitate transplantation of organized heterogeneous cells to preserve their micro-structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia W Liao
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Keiko Omori
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kohei Ishiyama
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Davoud Mozhdehi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine 92606, USA
| | - Alina R Oancea
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Taihei Ito
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine 92606, USA.
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hill MF, Patel AV, Murphy A, Smith HM, Galindo CL, Pentassuglia L, Peng X, Lenneman CG, Odiete O, Friedman DB, Kronenberg MW, Zheng S, Zhao Z, Song Y, Harrell FE, Srinivas M, Ganguly A, Iaci J, Parry TJ, Caggiano AO, Sawyer DB. Intravenous glial growth factor 2 (GGF2) isoform of neuregulin-1β improves left ventricular function, gene and protein expression in rats after myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55741. [PMID: 23437060 PMCID: PMC3578842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recombinant Neuregulin (NRG)-1β has multiple beneficial effects on cardiac myocytes in culture, and has potential as a clinical therapy for heart failure (HF). A number of factors may influence the effect of NRG-1β on cardiac function via ErbB receptor coupling and expression. We examined the effect of the NRG-1β isoform, glial growth factor 2 (GGF2), in rats with myocardial infarction (MI) and determined the impact of high-fat diet as well as chronicity of disease on GGF2 induced improvement in left ventricular systolic function. Potential mechanisms for GGF2 effects on the remote myocardium were explored using microarray and proteomic analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats with MI were randomized to receive vehicle, 0.625 mg/kg, or 3.25 mg/kg GGF2 in the presence and absence of high-fat feeding beginning at day 7 post-MI and continuing for 4 weeks. Residual left ventricular (LV) function was improved in both of the GGF2 treatment groups compared with the vehicle treated MI group at 4 weeks of treatment as assessed by echocardiography. High-fat diet did not prevent the effects of high dose GGF2. In experiments where treatment was delayed until 8 weeks after MI, high but not low dose GGF2 treatment was associated with improved systolic function. mRNA and protein expression analysis of remote left ventricular tissue revealed a number of changes in myocardial gene and protein expression altered by MI that were normalized by GGF2 treatment, many of which are involved in energy production. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that in rats with MI induced systolic dysfunction, GGF2 treatment improves cardiac function. There are differences in sensitivity of the myocardium to GGF2 effects when administered early vs. late post-MI that may be important to consider in the development of GGF2 in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Hill
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Amish V. Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Abigail Murphy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Holly M. Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Cristi L. Galindo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Laura Pentassuglia
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xuyang Peng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Carrie G. Lenneman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Oghenerukevwe Odiete
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David B. Friedman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Marvin W. Kronenberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Siyuen Zheng
- Biomedical Informatics and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Biomedical Informatics and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yanna Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Frank E. Harrell
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Maya Srinivas
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Hawthorne, New York, United States of America
| | - Anindita Ganguly
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Hawthorne, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Iaci
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Hawthorne, New York, United States of America
| | - Tom J. Parry
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Hawthorne, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Douglas B. Sawyer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Raposo do Amaral AS, Pawlick RL, Rodrigues E, Costal F, Pepper A, Ferreira Galvão FH, Correa-Giannella ML, Shapiro AM. Glutathione ethyl ester supplementation during pancreatic islet isolation improves viability and transplant outcomes in a murine marginal islet mass model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55288. [PMID: 23424628 PMCID: PMC3570543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The success of pancreatic islet transplantation still faces many challenges, mainly related to cell damage during islet isolation and early post-transplant. The increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during islet isolation and the consumption of antioxidant defenses appear to be an important pathway related to islet damage. Methodology/Principal Findings In the present study we evaluated whether supplementation of glutathione-ethyl-ester (GEE) during islet isolation could improve islet viability and transplant outcomes in a murine marginal islet mass model. We also cultured human islets for 24 hours in standard CMRL media with or without GEE supplementation. Supplementation of GEE decreased the content of ROS in isolated islets, leading to a decrease in apoptosis and maintenance of islet viability. A higher percentage of mice transplanted with a marginal mass of GEE treated islets became euglycemic after transplant. The supplementation of 20 mM GEE in cultured human islets significantly reduced the apoptosis rate in comparison to untreated islets. Conclusions/Significance GEE supplementation was able to decrease the apoptosis rate and intracellular content of ROS in isolated islets and might be considered a potential intervention to improve islet viability during the isolation process and maintenance in culture before islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre S. Raposo do Amaral
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular (LIM-25) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rena L. Pawlick
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
| | - Erika Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular (LIM-25) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Costal
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular (LIM-25) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrew Pepper
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
| | - Flávio H. Ferreira Galvão
- Unidade de Transplante e Cirurgia de Fígado (LIM37), Departamento de Gastroenterologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Correa-Giannella
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular (LIM-25) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. M.James Shapiro
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mochida K, Hasegawa A, Li MW, Fray MD, Kito S, Vallelunga JM, Lloyd KCK, Yoshiki A, Obata Y, Ogura A. High osmolality vitrification: a new method for the simple and temperature-permissive cryopreservation of mouse embryos. PLoS One 2013; 8:e49316. [PMID: 23341870 PMCID: PMC3547031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Procedures for cryopreserving embryos vary considerably, each having its specific advantages and disadvantages in terms of technical feasibility, embryo survival yield, temperature permissibility and species- or strain-dependent applicability. Here we report a high osmolality vitrification (HOV) method that is advantageous in these respects. Cryopreservation by vitrification is generally very simple, but, unlike slow freezing, embryos should be kept at a supercooling temperature (below –130°C) to avoid cryodamage. We overcame this problem by using an HOV solution containing 42.5% (v/v) ethylene glycol, 17.3% (w/v) Ficoll and 1.0 M sucrose. This solution is more viscous than other cryopreservation solutions, but easy handling of embryos was assured by employing a less viscous equilibration solution before vitrification. Most (>80%) embryos cryopreserved in this solution survived at –80°C for at least 30 days. Normal mice were recovered even after intercontinental transportation in a conventional dry-ice package for 2–3 days, indicating that special containers such as dry shippers with liquid nitrogen vapor are unnecessary. The HOV solution could also be employed for long-term storage in liquid nitrogen, as with other conventional cryoprotectants. Finally, we confirmed that this new vitrification method could be applied successfully to embryos of all six strains of mice we have tested so far. Thus, our HOV method provides an efficient and reliable strategy for the routine cryopreservation of mouse embryos in animal facilities and biomedical laboratories, and for easy and cheap transportation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ming-Wen Li
- Mouse Biology Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Martin D. Fray
- Medical Research Council Mary Lyon Centre, Harwell Science and Innovation Centre, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - Seiji Kito
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jadine M. Vallelunga
- Mouse Biology Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - K. C. Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Biology Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | | | - Yuichi Obata
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuo Ogura
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- The Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
An R, Turek J, Matei DE, Nolte D. Live tissue viability and chemosensitivity assays using digital holographic motility contrast imaging. Appl Opt 2013; 52:A300-9. [PMID: 23292406 DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.00a300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Holographic optical coherence imaging is an en face form of optical coherence tomography that uses low-coherence digital holography as a coherence gate to select light from a chosen depth inside scattering tissue. By acquiring successive holograms at a high camera frame rate at a fixed depth, dynamic speckle provides information concerning dynamic light scattering from intracellular motility. Motility contrast imaging (MCI) uses living motion as a label-free and functional biomarker. MCI provides a new form of viability assay and also is applicable for proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. The results presented here demonstrate that low-coherence digital holography can extract viability information from biologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) tissue based on multicellular tumor spheroids by moving beyond the format of two-dimensional cell culture used for conventional high-content analysis. This paper also demonstrates the use of MCI for chemosensitivity assays on tumor exgrafts of excised ovarian cancer tumors responding to standard-of-care cisplatin chemotherapy. This ex vivo application extends the applicability of MCI beyond 3D tissue culture grown in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rau TF, Lu Q, Sharma S, Sun X, Leary G, Beckman ML, Hou Y, Wainwright MS, Kavanaugh M, Poulsen DJ, Black SM. Oxygen glucose deprivation in rat hippocampal slice cultures results in alterations in carnitine homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40881. [PMID: 22984394 PMCID: PMC3439445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by depolarization of mitochondrial membranes and the initiation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis are pathological responses to hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in the neonatal brain. Carnitine metabolism directly supports mitochondrial metabolism by shuttling long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for beta-oxidation. Our previous studies have shown that HI disrupts carnitine homeostasis in neonatal rats and that L-carnitine can be neuroprotective. Thus, this study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which HI alters carnitine metabolism and to begin to elucidate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of L-carnitine (LCAR) supplementation. Utilizing neonatal rat hippocampal slice cultures we found that oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) decreased the levels of free carnitines (FC) and increased the acylcarnitine (AC): FC ratio. These changes in carnitine homeostasis correlated with decreases in the protein levels of carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) 1 and 2. LCAR supplementation prevented the decrease in CPT1 and CPT2, enhanced both FC and the AC∶FC ratio and increased slice culture metabolic viability, the mitochondrial membrane potential prior to OGD and prevented the subsequent loss of neurons during later stages of reperfusion through a reduction in apoptotic cell death. Finally, we found that LCAR supplementation preserved the structural integrity and synaptic transmission within the hippocampus after OGD. Thus, we conclude that LCAR supplementation preserves the key enzymes responsible for maintaining carnitine homeostasis and preserves both cell viability and synaptic transmission after OGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F. Rau
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xutong Sun
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gregory Leary
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Beckman
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Yali Hou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Wainwright
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children's Memorial Hospital, 2300 Children's Plaza, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michael Kavanaugh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - David J. Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SMB); (DJP)
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SMB); (DJP)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rietveld M, Janson D, Siamari R, Vicanova J, Andersen MT, El Ghalbzouri A. Marine-derived nutrient improves epidermal and dermal structure and prolongs the life span of reconstructed human skin equivalents. J Cosmet Dermatol 2012; 11:213-22. [PMID: 22938006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2012.00631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Imedeen™ is a cosmeceutical that provides nutrients to the skin. One of its active ingredients is the Marine Complex™ (MC). AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate whether MC affects skin morphogenesis differently in female and male human skin equivalents (HSEs). METHODS Human skin equivalents were established with cells obtained from female or male donors between 30 and 45 years of age and cultured for seven or 11 weeks in the presence or absence of MC. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined early differentiation by keratin 10 expression, (hyper)proliferation by keratin 17 and Ki67, and basement membrane composition by laminin 332 and collagen type VII. In addition, the expression of collagen type I and the secretion of pro-collagen I were measured. RESULTS Marine Complex strongly increased the number of Ki67-positive epidermal cells in female HSEs. In the dermis, MC significantly stimulated the amount of secreted pro-collagen I and increased the deposition of laminin 332 and collagen type VII. Furthermore, MC prolonged the viable phase of HSEs by slowing down its natural degradation. After 11 weeks of culturing, the MC-treated HSEs showed higher numbers of viable epidermal cell layers and a thicker dermal extracellular matrix compared with controls. In contrast, these effects were less pronounced in male HSEs. CONCLUSION The MC nutrient positively stimulated overall HSE tissue formation and prolonged the longevity of both female and male HSEs. The ability of MC to stimulate the deposition of basement membrane and dermal components can be used to combat 2 human skin aging in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rietveld
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Takaku M, Tomita S, Kurobe H, Kihira Y, Morimoto A, Higashida M, Ikeda Y, Ushiyama A, Hashimoto I, Nakanishi H, Tamaki T. Systemic preconditioning by a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor promotes prevention of skin flap necrosis via HIF-1-induced bone marrow-derived cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42964. [PMID: 22880134 PMCID: PMC3413653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Local skin flaps often present with flap necrosis caused by critical disruption of the blood supply. Although animal studies demonstrate enhanced angiogenesis in ischemic tissue, no strategy for clinical application of this phenomenon has yet been defined. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a pivotal role in ischemic vascular responses, and its expression is induced by the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). We assessed whether preoperative stabilization of HIF-1 by systemic introduction of DMOG improves skin flap survival. Methods and Results Mice with ischemic skin flaps on the dorsum were treated intraperitoneally with DMOG 48 hr prior to surgery. The surviving area with neovascularization of the ischemic flaps was significantly greater in the DMOG-treated mice. Significantly fewer apoptotic cells were present in the ischemic flaps of DMOG-treated mice. Interestingly, marked increases in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and bone marrow proliferative progenitor cells were observed within 48 hr after DMOG treatment. Furthermore, heterozygous HIF-1α-deficient mice exhibited smaller surviving flap areas, fewer circulating EPCs, and larger numbers of apoptotic cells than did wild-type mice, while DMOG pretreatment of the mutant mice completely restored these parameters. Finally, reconstitution of wild-type mice with the heterozygous deficient bone marrow cells significantly decreased skin flap survival. Conclusion We demonstrated that transient activation of the HIF signaling pathway by a single systemic DMOG treatment upregulates not only anti-apoptotic pathways but also enhances neovascularization with concomitant increase in the numbers of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Takaku
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tomita
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hirotsugu Kurobe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kihira
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Morimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mayuko Higashida
- Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Ushiyama
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hashimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakanishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tamaki
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vourtsis SA, Spyriounis PK, Agrogiannis G, Papalois A, Ionac M. Does VEGF have an effect on the survival of a long random skin flap by its application at the recipient area? Chirurgia (Bucur) 2012; 107:494-500. [PMID: 23025117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a hormone-like molecule which has been shown to act on a specific receptor system and in this way to be the basic regulator of angiogenesis. The effect on the survival of a long random skin flap was examined by exogenous administration of this cytokine, at flap's recipient site. MATERIALS & METHODS A standard dorsal skin flap measuring 1.5 x 7.5cm was elevated in eighteen wistar rats with the pedicle centered and attached between the lower angles of the scapulae. The length to width ratio was relatively high (5:1). The rats were divided in two groups of nine. In group A, flap was elevated and a skin defect was created next to it. Normal saline was injected into the fascia of the defect and the flap was transposed and secured over the previously created recipient site. In group B, flap was elevated and transposed to a previous created defect, as before, where, this time, injections of VEGF were applied into the fascia of the recipient bed. Seven days later the rats were euthanized and the flaps were excised. The underlying fascias of the recipient beds were also excised in the same dimensions. The specimens were measured, photographed and put into formalin 10%. Immunohistochemical staining and histological analysis followed. RESULTS The differentiation between the surviving and the necrotic skin was macroscopically clear within seven days time. In group A, the mean flap survival percentage was 36.8%. In group B the percentage was 56.3%, respectively. Neovascularization of the fascia of the recipient bed was also demonstrated when VEGF had been injected. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous administration of VEGF into the recipient bed of a skin flap improved the survival rate even though the flap's length was relatively high compared to its width.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Vourtsis
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 401 Military Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lima IMT, Brito IR, Rodrigues GQ, Silva CMG, Magalhães-Padilha DM, Lima LF, Celestino JJH, Campello CC, Silva JRV, Figueiredo JR, Rodrigues APR. Presence of c-kit mRNA in goat ovaries and improvement of in vitro preantral follicle survival and development with kit ligand. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 345:38-47. [PMID: 21763396 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the levels of c-kit mRNA in goat follicles and the effects of kit ligand (KL) on the in vitro development of cultured preantral follicles. Preantral follicles isolated from goat ovarian cortex were cultured for 18 days in α-MEM(+) supplemented with KL (0, 50 or 100 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Real-time PCR showed that c-kit mRNA was higher in primordial and primary follicles than in secondary stage. Regarding the culture, KL addition in the absence of FSH improved the follicular survival, antrum formation, oocyte growth and meiotic resumption. KL-positive effects were not observed in the presence of FSH. In conclusion, c-kit mRNAs are detected in all follicular categories. KL promotes the survival and antral cavity formation of caprine preantral follicles after in vitro culture, as well as the growth and meiotic resumption of their oocytes in the absence of FSH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M T Lima
- Faculty of Veterinary, Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocyte and Preantral Follicles, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
McCall MD, Maciver AH, Pawlick R, Edgar R, Shapiro AMJ. Histopaque provides optimal mouse islet purification kinetics: comparison study with Ficoll, iodixanol and dextran. Islets 2011; 3:144-9. [PMID: 21606673 DOI: 10.4161/isl.3.4.15729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation has become a very promising treatment for type 1 diabetes. To facilitate further clinical improvements in this exciting field, rodent islets are used to evaluate new strategies and modifications. One method to purify islets is on a density gradient, although the optimal gradient component can be debated. N=6 separate mouse islet isolations were used and the resulting islets were separated and purified on either a Ficoll, Histopaque, Dextran or Iodixanol gradient. Islets were assessed for recovery, viability, purity and in vitro functionality. Aliquots were transplanted into diabetic mice to assess in vivo functionality and survival. There was no difference in the number of islets recovered across groups nor in the size of recovered islets. Use of a Ficoll or Histopaque gradient led to the most pure and viable islets in comparison to Dextran and Iodixanol. Functionally, islets isolated on a Ficoll gradient had the highest glucose-stimulated insulin release in vitro while performing equally to Histopaque and Dextran gradients in vivo. Using a Ficoll gradient, however, comes at a higher monetary cost. We recommend using a Histopaque gradient, which led to the isolation of viable and functional islets with a reduced cost as compared to a Ficoll gradient.
Collapse
|