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Wu X, Moming A, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhang T, Fu L, Qian J, Ni J, Hu S, Tang S, Zheng X, Wang H, Shen S, Deng F. Identification and characterization of three monoclonal antibodies targeting the SFTSV glycoprotein and displaying a broad spectrum recognition of SFTSV-related viruses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012216. [PMID: 38848311 PMCID: PMC11161016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a novel tick-borne viral pathogen that causes severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). The disease was initially reported in central and eastern China, then later in Japan and South Korea, with a mortality rate of 13-30%. Currently, no vaccines or effective therapeutics are available for SFTS treatment. In this study, three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn were obtained using the hybridoma technique. Two mAbs recognized linear epitopes and did not neutralize SFTSV, while the mAb 40C10 can effectively neutralized SFTSV of different genotypes and also the SFTSV-related Guertu virus (GTV) and Heartland virus (HRTV) by targeting a spatial epitope of Gn. Additionally, the mAb 40C10 showed therapeutic effect in mice infected with different genotypes of SFTSV strains against death by preventing the development of lesions and by promoting virus clearance in tissues. The therapeutic effect could still be observed in mice infected with SFTSV which were administered with mAb 40C10 after infection even up to 4 days. These findings enhance our understanding of SFTSV immunogenicity and provide valuable information for designing detection methods and strategies targeting SFTSV antigens. The neutralizing mAb 40C10 possesses the potential to be further developed as a therapeutic monoclonal antibody against SFTSV and SFTSV-related viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Abulimiti Moming
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liyan Fu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sijing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Hidaka K, Mitoma S, Norimine J, Shimojima M, Kuroda Y, Hinoura T. Seroprevalence for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among the residents of Miyazaki, Japan: An epidemiological study. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:481-487. [PMID: 38042299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). The Miyazaki Prefecture has the highest number of SFTS cases in Japan and requires countermeasures for prevention. In this study, we aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in Miyazaki Prefecture to determine the exposure conditions of SFTSV by measuring the seroprevalence among residents of Miyazaki and to evaluate the factors that influence the endemicity of SFTS. METHODS The survey was conducted between June 2014 and April 2019 in all 26 municipalities in Miyazaki Prefecture. SFTSV antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the blood samples of 6013 residents (3184 men and 2829 women). A questionnaire-based survey of the living environment was also conducted. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age and occupation were significant factors related to the proportion of participants with an optical density (OD) value > 0.2 and a seroprevalence of 0.9 % (54/6013). Seven seropositive individuals (0.1 %) with an OD value of >0.4 were identified (three men and four women, aged 54-69 years), and all were asymptomatic. One participant had a higher OD than the positive control. CONCLUSION Although SFTS is endemic in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, its seroprevalence is relatively low. Since some risk areas in Miyazaki prefecture have been identified, it is important to enhance awareness of SFTS in residences and reduce contact with ticks, especially in high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hidaka
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shuya Mitoma
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Junzo Norimine
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kuroda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takuji Hinoura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
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Liu Z, Ge Z, Pan W, Zhang R, Jiang Z, Zhao C, Xue X, Xu Y, Zhang W, Lin L, Chen Z. Development and validation of the PLNA score to predict cytokine storm in acute-phase SFTS patients: A single-center cohort study. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112288. [PMID: 38823181 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease known for its high mortality rate and its correlation with Cytokine Storms (CS). Timely detection of CS is crucial for improving the prognosis of the disease. The objective of this investigation was to develop a model for identifying cytokine storms in the acute phase of SFTS. METHODS A total of 245 patients diagnosed with SFTS were included in this study between January 2020 and July 2022. Among them, 184 patients were part of the training set, while 61 patients were part of the validation set. Variables identified by LASSO were subsequently included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine independent predictors. Subsequently, a nomogram was then developed to predict the likelihood of CS in SFTS patients. The predictive efficacy and clinical applicability of the nomogram model were further assessed through ROC analysis and the DCA curve. RESULTS Following LASSO analysis, a total of 11 indicators were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The findings indicated that PLT (OR 0.865, P < 0.001), LDH (OR 1.002, P < 0.001), Na+ (OR 1.155, P = 0.005), and ALT (OR 1.019, P < 0.001) serve as independently predictors of CS in the acute phase of SFTS. Furthermore, a nomogram named the PLNA was constructed by integrating these four factors. The PLNA model exhibited favorable predictive accuracy with an AUC of 0.958. Moreover, the PLNA model exhibited excellent clinical applicability in both the training and validation sets, as evidenced by the DCA curve. CONCLUSIONS The PLNA model, constructed using clinical indicators, can predict the probability of cytokine storm in the acute phase of SFTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuai Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ziruo Ge
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, China.
| | - Rongling Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhouling Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Xue
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanli Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, China.
| | - Zhihai Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Wen S, Xu N, Zhao L, Yang L, Yang H, Chang C, Wang S, Qu C, Song L, Zou W, He Y, Wang G. Ruxolitinib plus standard of care in severe hospitalized adults with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS): an exploratory, single-arm trial. BMC Med 2024; 22:204. [PMID: 38764059 PMCID: PMC11103999 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing. At present, there is no specific therapy available. An exacerbated IFN-I response and cytokine storm are related to the mortality of patients with SFTS. Ruxolitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor that can block proinflammatory cytokines and inhibit the type I IFN pathway. We aimed to explore the use of ruxolitinib plus standard of care for severe SFTS. METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-arm study of severe SFTS. We recruited participants aged 18 years or older who were admitted to the hospital with laboratory-confirmed severe SFTS and whose clinical score exceeded 8 points within 6 days of symptom onset. Participants received oral ruxolitinib (10 mg twice a day) for up to 10 days. The primary endpoint was 28-day overall survival. The secondary endpoints included the proportion of participants who needed intensive care unit (ICU) admission, total cost, changes in neurologic symptoms and clinical laboratory parameters, and adverse events (AEs) within 28 days. A historical control group (HC group, n = 26) who met the upper criteria for inclusion and hospitalized from April 1, 2021, to September 16, 2022, was selected and 1:1 matched for baseline characteristics by propensity score matching. RESULTS Between Sep 16, 2022, and Sep 16, 2023, 26 participants were recruited into the ruxolitinib treatment group (RUX group). The 28-day overall mortality was 7.7% in the RUX group and 46.2% in the HC group (P = 0.0017). There was a significantly lower proportion of ICU admissions (15.4% vs 65.4%, p < 0.001) and total hospitalization cost in the RUX group. Substantial improvements in neurologic symptoms, platelet counts, hyperferritinemia, and an absolute decrease in the serum SFTS viral load were observed in all surviving participants. Treatment-related adverse events were developed in 6 patients (23.2%) and worsened in 8 patients (30.8%), and no treatment-related serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that ruxolitinib has the potential to increase the likelihood of survival as well as reduce the proportion of ICU hospitalization and being tolerated in severe SFTS. Further trials are needed. TRAIL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2200063759, September 16, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Lianhui Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Caiyun Chang
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Qu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenlu Zou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yishan He
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, P. R. China.
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Liu Z, Zhao C, Yu H, Zhang R, Xue X, Jiang Z, Ge Z, Xu Y, Zhang W, Lin L, Chen Z. MCP-3 as a prognostic biomarker for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a longitudinal cytokine profile study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379114. [PMID: 38812521 PMCID: PMC11134196 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is characterized by a high mortality rate and is associated with immune dysregulation. Cytokine storms may play an important role in adverse disease regression, this study aimed to assess the validity of MCP-3 in predicting adverse outcomes in SFTS patients and to investigate the longitudinal cytokine profile in SFTS patients. Methods The prospective study was conducted at Yantai Qishan Hospital from May to November 2022. We collected clinical data and serial blood samples during hospitalization, patients with SFTS were divided into survival and non-survival groups based on the clinical prognosis. Results The levels of serum 48 cytokines were measured using Luminex assays. Compared to healthy controls, SFTS patients exhibited higher levels of most cytokines. The non-survival group had significantly higher levels of 32 cytokines compared to the survival group. Among these cytokines, MCP-3 was ranked as the most significant variable by the random forest (RF) model in predicting the poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Additionally, we validated the predictive effects of MCP-3 through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with an AUC of 0.882 (95% CI, 0.787-0.978, P <0.001), and the clinical applicability of MCP-3 was assessed favorably based on decision curve analysis (DCA). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the level of MCP-3 was positively correlated with ALT, AST, LDH, α-HBDH, APTT, D-dimer, and viral load (P<0.01). Discussion For the first time, our study identified and validated that MCP-3 could serve as a meaningful biomarker for predicting the fatal outcome of SFTS patients. The longitudinal cytokine profile analyzed that abnormally increased cytokines were associated with the poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Our study provides new insights into exploring the pathogenesis of cytokines with organ damage and leading to adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuai Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Rongling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouling Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziruo Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mekata H, Yamada K, Umeki K, Yamamoto M, Ochi A, Umekita K, Kobayashi I, Hirai T, Okabayashi T. Nine-year seroepidemiological study of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in feral horses in Cape Toi, Japan. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:190. [PMID: 38734647 PMCID: PMC11088034 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a fatal zoonosis caused by ticks in East Asia. As SFTS virus (SFTSV) is maintained between wildlife and ticks, seroepidemiological studies in wildlife are important to understand the behavior of SFTSV in the environment. Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, is an SFTS-endemic area, and approximately 100 feral horses, called Misaki horses (Equus caballus), inhabit Cape Toi in Miyazaki Prefecture. While these animals are managed in a wild-like manner, their ages are ascertainable due to individual identification. In the present study, we conducted a seroepidemiological survey of SFTSV in Misaki horses between 2015 and 2023. This study aimed to understand SFTSV infection in horses and its transmission to wildlife. A total of 707 samples from 180 feral horses were used to determine the seroprevalence of SFTSV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Neutralization testing was performed on 118 samples. In addition, SFTS viral RNA was detected in ticks from Cape Toi and feral horses. The overall seroprevalence between 2015 and 2023 was 78.5% (555/707). The lowest seroprevalence was 55% (44/80) in 2016 and the highest was 92% (76/83) in 2018. Seroprevalence was significantly affected by age, with 11% (8/71) in those less than one year of age and 96.7% (435/450) in those four years of age and older (p < 0.0001). The concordance between ELISA and neutralization test results was 88.9% (105/118). SFTS viral RNA was not detected in ticks (n = 516) or feral horses. This study demonstrated that horses can be infected with SFTSV and that age is a significant factor in seroprevalence in wildlife. This study provides insights into SFTSV infection not only in horses but also in wildlife in SFTS-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Mekata
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Yamada
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu City, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazumi Umeki
- Division of Respirology Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200-Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Mari Yamamoto
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ochi
- Equine Research Institute, Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Umekita
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Division of Respirology Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200-Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kobayashi
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 10100-1 Shimanouchi, Miyazaki, 880-0121, Japan
| | - Takuya Hirai
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Division of Research & Inspection for Infectious Diseases, Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
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Shan D, Chen W, Liu G, Zhang H, Chai S, Zhang Y. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome with central nervous system symptom onset: a case report and literature review. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:158. [PMID: 38730325 PMCID: PMC11084135 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a natural focal disease transmitted mainly by tick bites, and the causative agent is SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS can rapidly progress to severe disease, with multiple-organ failure (MOF) manifestations such as shock, respiratory failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and death, but cases of SFTS patients with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms onset and marked persistent involuntary shaking of the perioral area and limbs have rarely been reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 69-year-old woman with fever and persistent involuntary shaking of the perioral area and limbs was diagnosed with SFTS with CNS symptom onset after metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood identified SFTSV. The patient developed a cytokine storm and MOF during the course of the disease, and after aggressive antiviral, glucocorticoid, and gamma globulin treatments, her clinical symptoms improved, her laboratory indices returned to normal, and she had a good prognosis. CONCLUSION This case gives us great insight that when patients with CNS symptoms similar to those of viral encephalitis combined with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia are encountered in the clinic, it is necessary to consider the possibility of SFTS involving the CNS. Testing for SFTSV nucleic acid in CSF and blood (mNGS or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) should be carried out, especially in critically ill patients, and treatment should be given accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Shan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Weibi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Shuting Chai
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Wang W, Wang Z, Chen Z, Liang M, Zhang A, Sheng H, Ni M, Yang J. Construction of an early differentiation diagnosis model for patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29626. [PMID: 38654664 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate. Differentiating between SFTS and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is difficult and inefficient. Retrospective analysis of the medical records of individuals with SFTS and HFRS was performed. Clinical and laboratory data were compared, and a diagnostic model was developed based on multivariate logistic regression analyzes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic model. Among the 189 patients, 113 with SFTS and 76 with HFRS were enrolled. Univariate analysis revealed that more than 20 variables were significantly associated with SFTS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, especially female gender (odds ratio [OR]: 4.299; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.163-15.887; p = 0.029), age ≥65 years (OR: 16.386; 95% CI: 3.043-88.245; p = 0.001), neurological symptoms (OR: 12.312; 95% CI: 1.638-92.530; p = 0.015), leukopenia (<4.0 × 109/L) (OR: 17.355; 95% CI: 3.920-76.839; p < 0.001), and normal Cr (OR: 97.678; 95% CI: 15.483-616.226; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with SFTS but not with HFRS. The area under the curve of the differential diagnostic model was 0.960 (95% CI: 0.936-0.984), which was significantly better than that of each single factor. In addition, the model exhibited very excellent sensitivity and specificity (92.9% and 85.5%, respectively). In cases where HFRS and SFTS are endemic, a diagnostic model based on five parameters, such as gender, age ≥65 years, neurological symptoms, leukopenia and normal Cr, will facilitate the differential diagnosis of SFTS and HFRS in medical institutions, especially in primary care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Zumin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Manman Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Haoyu Sheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Mingyue Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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9
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Sako Y, Fujihara T, Ishida R, Sato M, Sato H, Yamamoto T, Mine S, Katano H, Yamamori Y. Fatal Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus and Pasteurella multocida Coinfection. Intern Med 2024; 63:749-752. [PMID: 37468245 PMCID: PMC10982017 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2027-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) with Pasteurella multilocida bacteremia in a 65-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis who was admitted to our hospital with anorexia and severe fatigue. Laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia and liver and kidney dysfunction. After admission, he developed impaired consciousness, mucosal hemorrhaging, and septic shock. SFTS virus was detected on polymerase chain reaction testing of blood and throat swabs, and Pasteurella multocida was detected on blood culture. Despite being treated with invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and antibiotics, the patient's condition progressively deteriorated, and he died four days after admission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masaya Sato
- Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | | | | | - Sohtaro Mine
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
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10
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Matsuura Y, Hamakubo E, Nishiguchi A, Momoi Y, Matsuu A. Elucidation of prognostic factors in the acute phase of feline severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:211-220. [PMID: 38171741 PMCID: PMC10898982 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a potentially fatal tick-borne zoonotic disease, endemic to Asian regions, including western Japan. Cats appear to suffer a particularly severe form of the disease; however, feline SFTS is not clinically well characterized. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the associations of, demographic, hematological and biochemical, immunological, and virological parameters with clinical outcome (fatal cases vs. survivors) in SFTSV-positive cats. Viral genomic analysis was also performed. Viral load in blood, total bilirubin, creatine phosphokinase, serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, tumor necrotic factor-α, and virus-specific IgM and IgG differed significantly between survivors and fatal cases, and thus may have utility as prognosticators. Furthermore, survivor profiling revealed high-level of viremia with multiple parameters (white blood cells, platelet, total bilirubin, glucose, and serum amyloid A) beyond the reference range in the 7-day acute phase, and signs of clinical recovery in the post-acute phase (parameters returning to, or tending toward, the reference range). However, SFTSV was still detectable from some survived cats even 14 days after onset of disease, indicating the risk of infection posed by close-contact exposure may persist through the post-acute phase. This study provides useful information for prognostic assessments of acute feline SFTS, and may contribute to early treatment plans for cats with SFTS. Our findings also alert pet owners and animal health professionals to the need for prolonged vigilance against animal-to-human transmission when handling cats that have been diagnosed with SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Matsuura
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Emu Hamakubo
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Matsuu
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Current affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Ogawa T, Tsuzuki S, Ohbe H, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H, Kutsuna S. Analysis of Differences in Characteristics of High-Risk Endemic Areas for Contracting Japanese Spotted Fever, Tsutsugamushi Disease, and Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae025. [PMID: 38312217 PMCID: PMC10836194 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tick-borne infections, including tsutsugamushi disease, Japanese spotted fever, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), are prevalent in East Asia with varying geographic distribution and seasonality. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the characteristics among endemic areas for contracting each infection. Methods We conducted an ecologic study in Japan, using data from a nationwide inpatient database and publicly available geospatial data. We identified 4493 patients who were hospitalized for tick-borne infections between July 2010 and March 2021. Mixed-effects modified Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with a higher risk of contracting each tick-borne disease (Tsutsugamushi, Japanese spotted fever, and SFTS). Results Mixed-effects modified Poisson regression analysis revealed that environmental factors, such as temperature, sunlight duration, elevation, precipitation, and vegetation, were associated with the risk of contracting these diseases. Tsutsugamushi disease was positively associated with higher temperatures, farms, and forests, whereas Japanese spotted fever and SFTS were positively associated with higher solar radiation and forests. Conclusions Our findings from this ecologic study indicate that different environmental factors play a significant role in the risk of transmission of tick-borne infections. Understanding the differences can aid in identifying high-risk areas and developing public health strategies for infection prevention. Further research is needed to address causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Ogawa
- Department of Orthopedic, Saku General Hospital Saku Medical Center, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsuzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hiroyuki Ohbe
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kutsuna
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Zhang Z, Hu X, Jiang Q, Jiao F, Du Q, Liu J, Luo M, Li A, Deng L, Xiong Y. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: prevalence, characteristics, and impact on prognosis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38291390 PMCID: PMC10829256 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonosis with a high fatality rate in China. Previous studies have reported that dysregulated inflammatory response is associated with disease pathogenesis and mortality in patients with SFTS. This investigation aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and its impact on prognosis. METHODS Data on demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, and survival time of patients with SFTS were collected. Patients were divided into the non-SIRS and SIRS groups according to the presence of SIRS, then their clinical data were compared. RESULTS A total of 290 patients diagnosed with SFTS were retrospectively enrolled, including 126(43.4%) patients with SIRS. Patients in the non-survivor group had more prevalence of SIRS than patients in the survivor group (P < 0.001), and SIRS (adjusted OR 2.885, 95% CI 1.226-6.786; P = 0.005) was shown as an independent risk factor for prognosis of patients with SFTS. Compared with patients without SIRS, patients with SIRS had lower WBC and neutrophils counts, and fibrinogen levels, but higher AST, LDH, amylase, lipase, CK, CK-MB, troponin I, APTT, thrombin time, D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, SAA levels, and viral load. The cumulative survival rate of patients with SIRS was significantly lower than that of patients without SIRS. Patients with SIRS also showed a higher incidence of bacterial or fungal infections than patients without SIRS. CONCLUSIONS SIRS is highly frequent in patients with SFTS, and it is associated with high mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qunqun Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangzhou Jiao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingqi Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anling Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Sakai Y, Mura S, Kuwabara Y, Kagimoto S, Sakurai M, Morimoto M, Park ES, Shimojima M, Nagata N, Ami Y, Yoshikawa T, Iwata-Yoshikawa N, Fukushi S, Watanabe S, Kurosu T, Okutani A, Kimura M, Imaoka K, Saijo M, Morikawa S, Suzuki T, Maeda K. Lethal severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection causes systemic germinal centre failure and massive T cell apoptosis in cats. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1333946. [PMID: 38249467 PMCID: PMC10796997 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1333946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a fatal viral disease characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and multi-organ haemorrhage. Disruption of the humoral immune response and decreased lymphocyte numbers are thought to contribute to the disease severity. These findings have been obtained through the analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes in human patients, whereas analysis of lymph nodes has been limited. Thus, in this study, we characterized the germinal centre response and apoptosis in the lymph nodes of cats with fatal SFTS, because SFTS in cats well mimics the pathology of human SFTS. Methods Lymph node tissue sections collected during necropsy from seven fatal SFTS patients and five non-SFTS cases were used for histopathological analysis. Additionally, lymph node tissue sections collected from cats with experimental infection of SFTS virus (SFTSV) were also analysed. Results In the lymphoid follicles of cats with SFTS, a drastic decrease in Bcl6- and Ki67-positive germinal centre B cells was observed. Together, the number of T cells in the follicles was also decreased in SFTS cases. In the paracortex, a marked increase in cleaved-caspase3 positivity was observed in T cells. These changes were independent of the number of local SFTS virus-positive cell. Furthermore, the analysis of cats with experimental SFTSV infection revealed that the intrafollicular Bcl6- and CD3-positive cell numbers in cats with low anti-SFTSV antibody production were significantly lower than those in cats with high anti-SFTSV antibody production. Discussion These results suggest that dysfunction of the humoral response in severe SFTS was caused by the loss of germinal centre formation and massive apoptosis of T cells in the lymph nodes due to systemically circulating viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Serina Mura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuko Kuwabara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Saya Kagimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Morimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Eun-sil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyo Nagata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ami
- Management Department of Biosafety and Laboratory Animal, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoshikawa
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Watanabe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kurosu
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Okutani
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kimura
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Imaoka
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Duan Q, Tian X, Pang B, Zhang Y, Xiao C, Yao M, Ding S, Zhang X, Jiang X, Kou Z. Spatiotemporal distribution and environmental influences of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Shandong Province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:891. [PMID: 38124061 PMCID: PMC10731860 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease discovered in China in 2009. The purpose of this study was to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS and to identify its environmental influencing factors and potential high-risk areas in Shandong Province, China. METHODS Data on the SFTS incidence from 2010 to 2021 were collected. Spatiotemporal scan statistics were used to identify the time and area of SFTS clustering. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to analyse environmental influences and predict high-risk areas. RESULTS From 2010 to 2021, a total of 5705 cases of SFTS were reported in Shandong. The number of SFTS cases increased yearly, with a peak incidence from April to October each year. Spatiotemporal scan statistics showed the existence of one most likely cluster and two secondary likely clusters in Shandong. The most likely cluster was in the eastern region, from May to October 2021. The first secondary cluster was in the central region, from May to October 2021. The second secondary cluster was in the southeastern region, from May to September 2020. The MaxEnt model showed that the mean annual wind speed, NDVI, cattle density and annual cumulative precipitation were the key factors influencing the occurrence of SFTS. The predicted risk map showed that the area of high prevalence was 28,120 km2, accounting for 18.05% of the total area of the province. CONCLUSIONS The spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS was heterogeneous and influenced by multidimensional environmental factors. This should be considered as a basis for delineating SFTS risk areas and developing SFTS prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Duan
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
- Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Chuanhao Xiao
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Mingxiao Yao
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Shujun Ding
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
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15
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Ishijima K, Phichitraslip T, Naimon N, Ploypichai P, Kriebkajon B, Chinarak T, Sridaphan J, Kritiyakan A, Prasertsincharoen N, Jittapalapong S, Tangcham K, Rerkamnuaychoke W, Kuroda Y, Taira M, Tatemoto K, Park E, Virhuez-Mendoza M, Inoue Y, Harada M, Yamamoto T, Nishino A, Matsuu A, Maeda K. High Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection among the Dog Population in Thailand. Viruses 2023; 15:2403. [PMID: 38140644 PMCID: PMC10747823 DOI: 10.3390/v15122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). In Thailand, three human cases of SFTS were reported in 2019 and 2020, but there was no report of SFTSV infection in animals. Our study revealed that at least 16.6% of dogs in Thailand were seropositive for SFTSV infection, and the SFTSV-positive dogs were found in several districts in Thailand. Additionally, more than 70% of the serum samples collected at one shelter possessed virus-neutralization antibodies against SFTSV and the near-complete genome sequences of the SFTSV were determined from one dog in the shelter. The dog SFTSV was genetically close to those from Thailand and Chinese patients and belonged to genotype J3. These results indicated that SFTSV has already spread among animals in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Ishijima
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Thanmaporn Phichitraslip
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Nattakarn Naimon
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Preeyaporn Ploypichai
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Benyapa Kriebkajon
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Torntun Chinarak
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Jirasin Sridaphan
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Anamika Kritiyakan
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Noppadol Prasertsincharoen
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Sathaporn Jittapalapong
- Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.P.); (N.N.); (P.P.); (B.K.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (N.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Kanate Tangcham
- Office of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Health, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Worawut Rerkamnuaychoke
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chonburi 20110, Thailand;
| | - Yudai Kuroda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Masakatsu Taira
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Kango Tatemoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Eunsil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Milagros Virhuez-Mendoza
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Michiko Harada
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yamamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ayano Nishino
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Aya Matsuu
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (E.P.); (M.V.-M.); (Y.I.); (M.H.); (T.Y.); (A.N.); (A.M.)
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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16
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Gong C, Xiang X, Hong B, Shen T, Zhang M, Shen S, Ding S. ACCI could be a poor prognostic indicator for the in-hospital mortality of patients with SFTS. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e203. [PMID: 38053350 PMCID: PMC10753457 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the predictive role of age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) scores for in-hospital prognosis of severe fever in thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients. A total of 192 patients diagnosed with SFTS were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were retrospectively collected. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of ACCI for the mortality of SFTS patients, and Cox regression models were used to assess the association between predictive factors and prognosis. The 192 SFTS patients were divided into two groups according to the clinical endpoints (survivors/non-survivors). The results showed that the mortality of the 192 hospitalized SFTS patients was 26.6%. The ACCI score of the survivor group was significantly lower than that of the non-survivor group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the increased ACCI score was a significant predictor of poor prognosis in SFTS. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that SFTS patients with an ACCI >2.5 had shorter mean survival times, indicating a poor prognosis. Our findings suggest that ACCI, as an easy-to-use clinical indicator, may offer a simple and feasible approach for clinicians to determine the severity of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinjian Xiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Baoyu Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Shen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shichun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shenggang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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17
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Rim JM, Han SW, Cho YK, Kang JG, Choi KS, Chae JS. Serologic and Molecular Prevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Among Poultry in the Republic of Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:662-669. [PMID: 37788402 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, which belongs to the genus Bandavirus, family Phenuiviridae, and order Bunyavirales. It has been found in tick species, various animals, and humans. The aim of this study was to detect RNA of antigens and antibodies against SFTS virus (SFTSV) among poultry such as chickens, ducks, and wild geese from five provinces in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Materials and Methods: A one-step reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and nested PCR were performed after viral RNA extraction. The phylogenetic tree was constructed after sequencing data were analyzed and aligned. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a neutralization test (NT) were performed to test for IgG antibodies of SFTSV. Results: Of a total of 606 poultry serum samples collected, 568 and 539 serum samples were used to perform ELISA and NT, respectively. Of a total of 606 serum samples tested by RT-PCR targeting the S segment, 15 (2.5%) were positive for SFTSV. From the 15 positive serum samples for the SFTSV antigen, three from chickens, three from ducks, and one from wild geese were classified as genotype B-2; one from chickens was classified as genotype B-3; and three from chickens and four from wild geese were classified as genotype D. Of the 568 serum samples tested by ELISA, 83 (28.0%) from chickens, 81 (32.9%) from ducks, and 8 (30.8%) from wild geese were seropositive. Of the 539 serum samples for which an NT was performed, 113 (38.6%) from chickens and 75 (30.5%) from ducks were positive for SFTSV antibodies. Conclusions: The results of this study provide useful information regarding detection of SFTSV RNA and antibodies among poultry and the possibility of SFTSV transmission in various types of poultry, including chickens, ducks, and wild geese, in the ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Rim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seong Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Teramoto K, Tamura S, Yoshida K, Inada Y, Yamashita Y, Morimoto M, Mushino T, Koreeda D, Miyamoto K, Komiya N, Nakano Y, Takagaki Y, Koizumi Y. Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Prediction of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome and Rickettsiosis in the Co-Endemic Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2024. [PMID: 38004073 PMCID: PMC10672843 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Wakayama prefecture is endemic for two types of tick-borne rickettsioses: Japanese spotted fever (JFS) and scrub typhus (ST). Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality rate and is often difficult to differentiate from such rickettsioses. SFTS cases have recently increased in Wakayama prefecture. For early diagnosis, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical characterization of such tick-borne infections in the co-endemic area. Materials and Methods: The study included 64 febrile patients diagnosed with tick-borne infection in Wakayama prefecture between January 2013 and May 2022. Medical records of 19 patients with SFTS and 45 with rickettsiosis (JSF, n = 26; ST, n = 19) were retrospectively examined. The receiver operating curve (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate potential factors for differentiating SFTS from rickettsiosis. Results: Adults aged ≥70 years were most vulnerable to tick-borne infections (median, 75.5 years; interquartile range, 68.5-84 years). SFTS and rickettsiosis occurred mostly between summer and autumn. However, no significant between-group differences were found in age, sex, and comorbidities; 17 (89%) patients with SFTS, but none of those with rickettsiosis, experienced gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Meanwhile, 43 (96%) patients with rickettsiosis, but none of those with SFTS, developed a skin rash. The AUCs of white blood cells (0.97) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (0.98) were very high. Furthermore, the differential diagnosis of SFTS was significantly associated with the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (AUC 0.95), the absence of a skin rash (AUC 0.98), leukopenia <3.7 × 109/L (AUC 0.95), and low CRP levels < 1.66 mg/dL (AUC 0.98) (p < 0.001 for each factor). Conclusions: Clinical characteristics and standard laboratory parameters can verify the early diagnosis of SFTS in areas where tick-borne infections are endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Teramoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Susami Hospital, Wakayama 649-2621, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Department of Hematology, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Kikuaki Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yukari Inada
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamashita
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Masaya Morimoto
- Department of Hematology, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mushino
- Department of Hematology, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koreeda
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Kyohei Miyamoto
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Komiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama 640-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshio Nakano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama 646-8588, Japan
| | - Yusaku Takagaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Susami Hospital, Wakayama 649-2621, Japan
| | - Yusuke Koizumi
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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19
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Saga Y, Yoshida T, Yoshida R, Yazawa S, Shimada T, Inasaki N, Itamochi M, Yamazaki E, Oishi K, Tani H. Long-Term Detection and Isolation of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Virus in Dog Urine. Viruses 2023; 15:2228. [PMID: 38005905 PMCID: PMC10675301 DOI: 10.3390/v15112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infection caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), with a high fatality rate of approximately 30% in humans. In recent years, cases of contact infection with SFTSV via bodily fluids of infected dogs and cats have been reported. In this study, clinical and virological analyses were performed in two dogs in which SFTSV infection was confirmed for the first time in the Toyama prefecture. Both dogs recovered; however, one was severely ill and the other mildly ill. The amount of the SFTSV gene was reduced to almost similar levels in both dogs. In the dogs' sera, the SFTSV gene was detected at a low level but fell below the detection limit approximately 2 weeks after onset. Notably, the SFTSV gene was detected at levels several thousand times higher in urine than in other specimens from both dogs. Furthermore, the gene was detected in the urine for a long period of >2 months. The clinical signs disappeared on days 1 or 6 after onset, but infectious SFTSV was detected in the urine up to 3 weeks later. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful about contact with bodily fluids, especially urine, even after symptoms have disappeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Saga
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | | | | | - Shunsuke Yazawa
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Takahisa Shimada
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Noriko Inasaki
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Masae Itamochi
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Emiko Yamazaki
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- Director-General Office, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan; (Y.S.)
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20
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Kim EH, Park SJ. Emerging Tick-Borne Dabie bandavirus: Virology, Epidemiology, and Prevention. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2309. [PMID: 37764153 PMCID: PMC10536723 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), caused by Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV), is an emerging infectious disease first identified in China. Since its discovery, infections have spread throughout East Asian countries primarily through tick bites but also via transmission between animals and humans. The expanding range of ticks, the primary vectors for SFTSV, combined with migration patterns of tick-carrying birds, sets the stage for the global spread of this virus. SFTSV rapidly evolves due to continuous mutation and reassortment; currently, no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs are available. Thus, the threat this virus poses to global health is unmistakable. This review consolidates the most recent research on SFTSV, including its molecular characteristics, transmission pathways through ticks and other animals, as well as the progress in antiviral drug and vaccine development, encompassing animal models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ha Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-Emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Division of Life Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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21
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Chen L, Ma M, Zou M, Zhao L, Ou M, Geng Y, Li C, Shen H, Chen Y. Rapid and portable bunyavirus SFTSV RNA testing utilizing catalytic hairpin assembly coupled with lateral flow immunoassay. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0214423. [PMID: 37681992 PMCID: PMC10581038 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02144-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a prevalent, life-threatening, emergent infectious disease. Currently, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is the gold standard for diagnosing SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection, which requires sophisticated equipment and professional personnel that are frequently unavailable in most SFTS endemic rural areas. Here, we reported a simple, rapid nucleic acid amplification system that combined the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) with a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip-based detection method for SFTSV detection. The detection of SFTSV RNA could be realized by generation of H1-H2 hybrid duplexes labeled with biotin and digoxin, which subsequently added to the LFIA test strips containing streptavidin conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 as well as anti-digoxin antibodies. Our CHA-based LFIA assay offered high amplification efficiency and specificity with a detection limit of 1 aM. Crucially, this method enabled stable detection of 500 copies/mL of SFTSV within 30 min using clinical serum samples. Therefore, our CHA-based LFIA approach provided a potential useful tool to facilitate early and precise diagnosis of SFTS patients in poorly resourced SFTS endemic areas.IMPORTANCESevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging and potentially fatal infectious disease prevalent in China. Here we report a simple, rapid nucleic acid amplification system, the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) in conjunction with a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip-based detection method for SFTS virus detection, which demonstrated high amplification efficiency and specificity with limit of detection of 1 aM. Most importantly, we also validate our CHA-based LFIA assay using the clinical serum samples, which was fully compatible with reverse transcription-PCR results. Therefore, our strategy provides a potential useful tool to facilitate early and precise diagnosis of SFTS patients especially in poorly resourced SFTS endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyin Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyuan Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingrong Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Ryu S, Choi JK, Achangwa C, Cho S, Hwang JH, Hwang JH, Bovenschen N, Lee CS. Temporal Dynamics of Serum Perforin and Granzymes in Three Different Clinical Stages of Virus-Induced Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:554-558. [PMID: 37524330 PMCID: PMC10484244 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-induced severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) induces a cell-mediated immune response that likely contributes to virus control in SFTS patients. To identify the temporal changes of the cell-mediated immune response, we investigated the changes in serum levels of perforin and granzymes at early periods after illness onset in SFTS patients. We analyzed 32 SFTS patients and compared the temporal patterns of serum perforin and granzyme A and B to that of 20 healthy control adults using the Mann-Whitney U test. Compared with healthy controls, the mean level of perforin was significantly reduced by 81% (P < 0.01) during the first week after illness onset, whereas granzyme B significantly increased by 4.6-fold (P = 0.02) in the first week after illness onset and decreased to normal afterward. During the study period, there was no significant difference in serum perforin and granzyme. These findings indicate that perforin and granzyme B in serum can be considered possible serologic markers that reflect the clinical stage of SFTS. Additional study is warranted for tracking circulating perforin and granzyme in different ages and for an extended period after illness onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhyun Ryu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Choi
- Department of Immunology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Chiara Achangwa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Soojung Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Niels Bovenschen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chang-Seop Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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23
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Lee K, Seok JH, Kim H, Park S, Lee S, Bae JY, Jeon K, Kang JG, Yoo JR, Heo ST, Cho NH, Lee KH, Kim K, Park MS, Kim JI. Genome-informed investigation of the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011630. [PMID: 37713429 PMCID: PMC10529592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a viral pathogen causing significant clinical signs from mild fever with thrombocytopenia to severe hemorrhages. World Health Organization has paid special attention to the dramatic increase in human SFTS cases in China, Japan, and South Korea since the 2010s. The present study investigated the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of SFTSVs using complete genomic sequences. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDING We collected the complete genome sequences of SFTSVs globally isolated until 2019 (L segment, n = 307; M segment, n = 326; and S segment, n = 564) and evaluated the evolutionary profiles of SFTSVs based on phylogenetic and molecular selection pressure analyses. By employing a time-scaled Bayesian inference method, we found the geographical heterogeneity of dominant SFTSV genotypes in China, Japan, and South Korea around several centuries before and locally spread by tick-born spillover with infrequent long-distance transmission. Purifying selection predominated the molecular evolution of SFTSVs with limited gene reassortment and fixed substitution, but almost all three gene segments appeared to harbor at least one amino acid residue under positive selection. Specifically, the nonstructural protein and glycoprotein (Gn/Gc) genes were preferential selective targets, and the Gn region retained the highest number of positively selected residues. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Here, the large-scale genomic analyses of SFTSVs improved prior knowledge of how this virus emerged and evolved in China, Japan, and South Korea. Our results highlight the importance of SFTSV surveillance in both human and non-human reservoirs at the molecular level to fight against fatal human infection with the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeon Seok
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeen Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Laboratory for Vector Borne Disease, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shuto H, Komiya K, Usagawa Y, Yamasue M, Fushimi K, Hiramatsu K, Kadota JI. Corticosteroid Therapy for Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Study in Japan. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad418. [PMID: 37577113 PMCID: PMC10414805 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a life-threatening infectious disease for which no effective treatment strategy has been established. Although corticosteroids (CSs) are widely administered to patients with SFTS, their efficacy remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of CS therapy on the in-hospital mortality of patients with SFTS. Methods In this nationwide observational study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, patients hospitalized for SFTS from April 2013 to March 2021 were reviewed. We compared patients who were treated with CSs to those who were treated without them after propensity score matching to adjust for their background, disease severity, and combination therapy. Results We included 494 patients with SFTS, and 144 pairs of them were analyzed after propensity score matching. No significant difference in the 30-day mortality (19% vs 15%, P = .272) and the number of survival days (log-rank test, P = .392) was found between the CS treatment group and the non-CS treatment group. However, in subgroup analyses, the CS treatment group tended to have better survival among patients with impaired consciousness on admission and/or shock status within 7 days after admission. Conclusions CS therapy does not seem effective for all patients with SFTS; however, the impact might be altered by disease severity assessed by the consciousness level and shock status. A large-scale interventional study is required to determine its efficacy, especially for critically ill patients with SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayuki Shuto
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Kosaku Komiya
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuko Usagawa
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Mari Yamasue
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Hiramatsu
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kadota
- Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
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The combination of levodopa with levodopa-metabolizing enzyme inhibitors prevents severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in vitro more effectively than single levodopa. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:549-553. [PMID: 36871824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is a hemorrhagic fever caused by a tick-borne infection. The causative agent, Dabie bandavirus, is also called the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Ogawa et al. (2022) reported that levodopa, an antiparkinsonian drug with an o-dihydroxybenzene backbone, which is important for anti-SFTSV activity, inhibited SFTSV infection. Levodopa is metabolized by dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) in vivo. We evaluated the anti-SFTSV efficacy of two DDC inhibitors, benserazide hydrochloride and carbidopa, and two COMT inhibitors, entacapone and nitecapone, which also have an o-dihydroxybenzene backbone. Only DDC inhibitors inhibited SFTSV infection with pretreatment of the virus (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50]: 9.0-23.6 μM), whereas all the drugs inhibited SFTSV infection when infected cells were treated (IC50: 21.3-94.2 μM). Levodopa combined with carbidopa and/or entacapone inhibited SFTSV infection in both conditions: pretreatment of the virus (IC50: 2.9-5.8 μM) and treatment of infected cells (IC50: 10.7-15.4 μM). The IC50 of levodopa in the above-mentioned study for pretreatment of the virus and treatment of infected cells were 4.5 and 21.4 μM, respectively. This suggests that a synergistic effect was observed, especially for treatment of infected cells, although the effect is unclear for pretreatment of the virus. This study demonstrates the anti-SFTSV efficacy of levodopa-metabolizing enzyme inhibitors in vitro. These drugs may increase the time for which the levodopa concentration is maintained in vivo. The combination of levodopa and levodopa-metabolizing enzyme inhibitors might be a candidate for drug repurposing.
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Wei X, Li S, Lu Y, Qiu L, Xu N, Guo X, Chen M, Liang H, Cheng D, Zhao L, Hao S, Kou Z, Wen H. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus aerosol infection in C57/BL6 mice. Virology 2023; 581:58-62. [PMID: 36913913 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Although secondary cases have become infected with the SFTSV after being in the same space without direct contact with the index case, it has not been experimentally determined if the SFTSV can be transmitted through aerosols. Here, this study aimed to verify if the SFTSV could be transmitted by aerosols. Firstly, we demonstrated that the SFTSV can infect BEAS-2B cells, and SFTSV genomes can be isolate from mild patient's sputum, which provided a foundation for the existence of SFTSV aerosol transmission. Then, we evaluated total antibody production in serum and viral load in tissue of mice infected with SFTSV by aerosols. The results showed that the presence of antibodies is related to the dose of virus infection and the SFTSV preferentially replicates in the lungs of mice following an aerosol exposure. Our study will help update the prevention and treatment guidelines for SFTSV and prevent the spread of the SFTSV in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Wei
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Cheeloo Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Infection, Shandong Provincial Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nannan Xu
- Cheeloo Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xianhu Guo
- Shandong Institute of Medical Device and Pharmaceutical Packaging Inspection, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Shubin Hao
- Shandong Institute of Medical Device and Pharmaceutical Packaging Inspection, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China's "13th Five-Year", Shandong University), Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China.
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Luan Y, Gou J, Zhong D, Ma L, Yin C, Shu M, Liu G, Lin Q. The Tick-Borne Pathogens: An Overview of China's Situation. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:1-20. [PMID: 36642777 PMCID: PMC9841149 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticks are important medical arthropods that can transmit hundreds of pathogens, such as parasites, bacteria, and viruses, leading to serious public health burdens worldwide. Unexplained fever is the most common clinical manifestation of tick-borne diseases. Since the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the surge of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases led to the hospital overload and fewer laboratory tests for tick-borne diseases. Therefore, it is essential to review the tick-borne pathogens and further understand tick-borne diseases. PURPOSE The geographic distribution and population of ticks in the Northern hemisphere have expanded while emerging tick-borne pathogens have been introduced to China continuously. This paper focused on the tick-borne pathogens that are threatening public health in the world. Their medical significant tick vectors, as well as the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control measures, are emphasized in this document. METHODS In this study, all required data were collected from articles indexed in English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Ticks presented a great threat to the economy and public health. Although both infections by tick-borne pathogens and SARS-CoV-2 have fever symptoms, the history of tick bite and its associated symptoms such as encephalitis or eschar could be helpful for the differential diagnosis. Additionally, as a carrier of vector ticks, migratory birds may play a potential role in the geographical expansion of ticks and tick-borne pathogens during seasonal migration. CONCLUSION China should assess the risk score of vector ticks and clarify the potential role of migratory birds in transmitting ticks. Additionally, the individual and collective protection, vector control, comprehensive surveillance, accurate diagnosis, and symptomatic treatment should be carried out, to meet the challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingmin Gou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuansong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Shu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Qing Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.
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Mekata H, Umeki K, Yamada K, Umekita K, Okabayashi T. Nosocomial Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Companion Animals, Japan, 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:614-617. [PMID: 36823498 PMCID: PMC9973679 DOI: 10.3201/eid2903.220720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In Japan, 2 cats that underwent surgery in a room where a sick dog had been euthanized became ill within 9 days of surgery. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus was detected in all 3 animals; nucleotide sequence identity was 100%. Suspected cause was an uncleaned pulse oximeter probe used for all patients.
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Kaneko C, Mekata H, Umeki K, Sudaryatma PE, Irie T, Yamada K, Misawa N, Umekita K, Okabayashi T. Seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in medium-sized wild mammals in Miyazaki, Japan. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102115. [PMID: 36577308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a fatal emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV infection in humans and companion animals is a matter of concern in endemic areas. Various wild animals are involved in the transmission cycle of SFTSV with vector ticks. Because the home range of medium-sized wild mammals commonly overlaps with humans' living spheres, this study aimed to reveal the endemicity of SFTSV in such mammals. This study investigated the prevalence of antibodies against SFTSV and viral RNA in medium-sized wild mammals in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan where human cases have been most frequently reported in Japan and performed a phylogenetic analysis to compare the detected SFTSV with those previously reported. Forty-three of 63 (68%) Japanese badgers (Meles anakuma) and 12 of 53 (23%) Japanese raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) had antibodies against SFTSV. Japanese marten (n = 1), weasels (n = 4), and Japanese red fox (n = 1) were negative. Two of 63 (3%) badgers tested positive for SFTSV RNA, whereas the other species were negative. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of SFTSV revealed that viral RNA detected from badgers exhibited 99.8% to 100% similarity to SFTSV, as previously reported in humans, cat, and ticks in the study area. This study demonstrated high seropositivity of antibodies in medium-sized wild mammals and suggested that SFTSV could be shared among these mammals, humans, and companion animals in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Kaneko
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Hirohisa Mekata
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Kazumi Umeki
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; Department of Medical Life Science, Faculty of Medical Bioscience, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Yoshino-cho 1714-1, Nobeoka, Miyazaki 882-8508, Japan
| | - Putu Eka Sudaryatma
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takao Irie
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamada
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Naoaki Misawa
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Umekita
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotakecho Kihara, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Kim CM, Kim DM, Bang MS, Seo JW, Yun NR, Kim DY, Han MA, Hwang JH, Park SK. The Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: An Epidemiological Study of Korean Veterinary Hospital Workers. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030609. [PMID: 36992318 PMCID: PMC10052674 DOI: 10.3390/v15030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a zoonotic tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). Few studies have assessed SFTS seroprevalence among veterinary hospital staff and their awareness of SFTS. From January to May 2021, serum samples from 103 veterinary hospital staff were tested for SFTS using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), an immunofluorescence assay, and a 50% plaque reduction neutralization antibody test, which yielded positive results in four (3.9%), three (2.9%), and two (1.9%) participants, respectively. A questionnaire was used for an epidemiological investigation. ELISA positivity was higher among those who lacked awareness of possible animal-to-human SFTS transmission (p = 0.029). SFTS awareness was significantly lower among veterinary hospital staff than among the veterinarians (p < 0.001). Providing staff with training concerning standard precautions and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon-Mee Kim
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-220-3108; Fax: +82-62-234-9653
| | - Mi-Seon Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Hwang
- Division of Control for Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Kyung Park
- Division of Control for Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si 28159, Republic of Korea
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The First Nationwide Surveillance of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Ruminants and Wildlife in Taiwan. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020441. [PMID: 36851653 PMCID: PMC9965706 DOI: 10.3390/v15020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in China in 2009, SFTSV has rapidly spread through other Asian countries, including Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Pakistan, in chronological order. Taiwan reported its first discovery of SFTSV in sheep and humans in 2020. However, the prevalence of SFTSV in domestic and wildlife animals and the geographic distribution of the virus within the island remain unknown. A total of 1324 animal samples, including 803 domestic ruminants, 521 wildlife animals and 47 tick pools, were collected from March 2021 to December 2022 from 12 counties and one terrestrial island. The viral RNA was detected by a one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, 29.9% (240/803) of ruminants showed positive SFTSV RNA. Sheep had the highest viral RNA prevalence of 60% (30/50), followed by beef cattle at 28.4% (44/155), goats at 28.3% (47/166), and dairy cows at 27.5% (119/432). The bovine as a total of dairy cow and beef cattle was 27.8% (163/587). The viral RNA prevalence in ticks (predominantly Rhipicephalus microplus) was similar to those of ruminants at 27.7% (13/47), but wild animals exhibited a much lower prevalence at 1.3% (7/521). Geographically the distribution of positivity was quite even, being 33%, 29.1%, 27.5% and 37.5% for northern, central, southern and eastern Taiwan, respectively. Statistically, the positive rate of beef cattle in the central region (55.6%) and dairy cattle in the eastern region (40.6%) were significantly higher than the other regions; and the prevalence in Autumn (September-November) was significantly higher than in the other seasons (p < 0.001). The nationwide study herein revealed for the first time the wide distribution and high prevalence of SFTSV in both domestic animals and ticks in Taiwan. Considering the high mortality rate in humans, surveillance of other animal species, particularly those in close contact with humans, and instigation of protective measures for farmers, veterinarians, and especially older populations visiting or living near farms or rural areas should be prioritized.
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Kutsuna S, Ohbe H, Matsui H, Yasunaga H. Steroid pulse therapy for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients may not improve prognosis: Retrospective analysis with overlap weighting using a national inpatient database. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:490-494. [PMID: 36736960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus. Effective treatment for SFTS has not been established, but steroid pulse therapy is often used. This study aimed to verify whether steroid pulse therapy for SFTS improves prognosis or not. METHODS Data of SFTS patients were obtained from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database from April 2013 to March 2021. Patients treated with steroid pulse therapy were compared with untreated patients, using overlap weighting and traditional multivariable regression analysis to evaluate the impact of steroid pulse therapy on prognosis. RESULTS 412 SFTS patients were included in this study, and 66 (16%) underwent steroid pulse therapy within 3 days of admission and were allocated to the steroid pulse therapy group. After overlap weighting, patients in the steroid pulse therapy group had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate than patients in the control group (31.1% vs. 20.5%; difference: +10.6%; 95% confidence interval: +2.2% to +19.0%). There were no statistically significant differences in hospitalization cost and length of hospital stay between the two groups. The results of the sensitivity analysis using traditional multivariable regression were similar to those of the main analysis. CONCLUSION In the analysis of SFTS patients using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient data, steroid pulse therapy did not improve patient prognosis. The evidence does not support the universal use of steroid pulse therapy in patients with severe SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kutsuna
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Ohbe
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuu A, Hatai H, Hifumi T, Hamakubo E, Take M, Tanaka T, Momoi Y, Endo Y, Koyoshi A, Kamikubo Y, Kamatsuki R, Kurusu N, Tabata H, Matsuyama H, Yanaidani M, Kawabata M, Kawabata T. Clinical and Pathological Findings in Fatal Cases of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome With High Viremia in Cats. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 52:100756. [PMID: 36586577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV causes severe symptoms both in humans and cats. In this study, we report the clinical and pathological findings of 4 fatal cases of cats with high SFTS viremia levels. These cats showed an acute onset of fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and increased serum amyloid A and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. A high viral copy number was detected in the blood, oral swabs, rectal swabs, conjunctiva swabs, and urine. Histopathologically, necrotizing lymphadenitis, splenitis with lymphoblastoid cell proliferation, and hemophagocytosis were observed in all 4 cats. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of SFTSV antigen on lymphoblastoid B cells. SFTSV-RNA was detected in systemic tissues, including the brain. The present findings provide useful information for understanding the features of fatal SFTS in cats. To elucidate the mechanisms of severe progress of SFTS cats, as well as its role as a source of human infection, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Matsuu
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Hatai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hifumi
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Emu Hamakubo
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Maho Take
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Endo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ai Koyoshi
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Kamikubo
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Raye Kamatsuki
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kurusu
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Haruna Tabata
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Mei Yanaidani
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
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Zhang Q, Liu W, Wang W, Zhang L, Li J, Tang R, Jin J, Chen W, Zhang L. Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and natural infection status of SFTS cases in Hefei from 2015 to 2021. Environ Health Prev Med 2023; 28:70. [PMID: 37967947 PMCID: PMC10654213 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the prevalence and spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), clustering mode of transmission, and the serological dynamic detection results in multiple areas in Hefei from 2015 to 2021, and to provide the basis for SFTS prevention and control. METHOD Case data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Information on the clustering outbreak was obtained from the outbreak investigation and disposal report. Population latent infection rate information was obtained from field sampling in multiple-incidence counties in 2016 and 2021 by multi-stage random sampling. Epi data3.2 and SPSS 16.0 softwares were used to perform a statistical analysis of the data on SFTS cases, and QGIS 3.26 software was used to draw the incidence map with township (street) as unit. RESULTS The an average annual reported incidence rate of SFTS in Hefei from 2015 to 2021 was 0.65/100,000, and the case fatality rate was 9.73%. The overall prevalence of SFTS epidemics in Hefei City showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2015 to 2021 (χ2trends = 103.353, P < 0.001). Chaohu City, Feixi County, Feidong County and Lujiang County ranked the top 4 in the city in terms of average annual incidence rate. The number of epidemic-involved towns (streets) kept increasing ((χ2trend = 47.640, P = 0.000)). Co-exposure to ticks accounted for the majority of clustered outbreaks and also human-to-human outbreaks. Population-based latent infection rate surveys were conducted in four SFTS multi-incidence counties, with 385 people surveyed in 2016 and 403 people surveyed in 2021, increasing the population-based latent infection rate from 6.75% to 10.91%, just as the incidence rate increased. CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of SFTS in Hefei is obviously regional, with an expanding trend in the extent of the epidemic involved. Co-exposure to ticks accounted for the majority of clustered outbreaks and the latent infection rate cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Renshu Tang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
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Tsukamoto Y, Sugimoto T, Umeda M, Kato T, Hiura Y, Morita K, Ariyoshi K. A Patient with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Prolongation, and Transient Antiphospholipid Antibodies. Intern Med 2022. [PMID: 36476549 PMCID: PMC10400393 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0782-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is observed in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and is one of the risk factors for severe disease. The mechanism underlying a prolonged APTT is largely unknown. The presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies in various viral infections has been documented but never reported in a patient with SFTS. We herein report the first SFTS patient with APTT prolongation and concurrent transiently positive aPL antibodies (lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies) with no coagulation factor deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tsukamoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kato
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yukari Hiura
- Department of Dermatology, Hiura Hospital, Japan
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Koya Ariyoshi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan
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Spillover and spillback risks of ectoparasites by an invasive squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Kanto region of Japan. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 19:1-8. [PMID: 35991948 PMCID: PMC9385448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Invasive organisms can alter host-parasite relationships in a given ecosystem by spreading exotic parasites and/or becoming a new reservoir for native ones. Since these problems affect management programs of the invasive host organisms, it is necessary to monitor them individually. The Pallas's squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus is an invasive arboreal mammal introduced into Japan that threatens to exacerbate ecological and public health problems by spreading native and exotic parasites. However, only limited surveys have been available especially for ectoparasites, using the traditional combing method in which the possibility of oversight is inherent. Here, we evaluated the ectoparasite occurrences in Kanto region of Japan, using the whole-shaving method as an alternative approach. As a result of examining 52 hosts from two invaded districts (Yokohama and Yokosuka), chigger mites (Leptotrombidium spp.) and fleas (Ceratophyllus anisus and Ceratophyllus indages indages) were newly recovered in addition to the previously reported tick (Haemaphysalis flava) and exotic lice (Enderleinellus kumadai and Neophaematoponis callosciuri). The parasite burdens were higher in Yokosuka and in male host individuals, affecting infracommunity richness and composition. Our findings on the variety of native and exotic ectoparasites, at higher abundances in some cases than previously known, may suggest that both the spillover and spillback risks need to be adjusted upwards. Ectoparasite infections were examined for Pallas's squirrels invaded in Kanto region of Japan. A variety of native and exotic ectoparasites with high abundance in some cases was found. Infracommunity composition changed depending on the invading environment and host features. Spillover and spillback risks may need to be adjusted upwards in this country.
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Wang M, Huang P, Liu W, Tan W, Chen T, Zeng T, Zhu C, Shao J, Xue H, Li J, Yue M. Risk factors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome combined with central neurological complications: A five-year retrospective case-control study. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1033946. [PMID: 36406394 PMCID: PMC9668900 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1033946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with high mortality rate, especially SFTS combined with central neurological complications. The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors of central neurological complications in SFTS patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, SFTS patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled. Based on the presence or absence of central neurological complications, SFTS patients were divided into case group and control group. The patients' laboratory parameters and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of independent risk factors in identifying SFTS patients with central neurological complications. RESULTS In total, 198 hospitalized SFTS patients with complete medical records, clear etiological diagnosis and clinical outcomes were enrolled in this study. Of these, 74 (37.4%) cases were diagnosed with SFTS with central neurological complications, 29 (39.2%) cases died, and no death occurred in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed pulmonary rales, atrial fibrillation, and high serum SFTSV RNA, lactate dehydrogenase level during the fever stage as independent risk factors for the development of central neurological complications in SFTS patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum SFTSV RNA and lactate dehydrogenase levels were 0.748 (95%CI: 0.673-0.823, p < 0.001) and 0.864 (95%CI: 0.815-0.914, p < 0.001), respectively, in central neurological complications predicted in SFTS patients. CONCLUSION Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) combined with central neurological complications has high morbidity and mortality and diverse clinical manifestations. Early monitoring of lung signs, electrocardiogram, blood SFTSV RNA, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in SFTS patients may be useful in predicting the occurrence of central neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Lab Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Weilong Tan
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Eastern Theater Command Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanlong Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliation Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianguo Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Gu XL, Su WQ, Zhou CM, Fang LZ, Zhu K, Ma DQ, Jiang FC, Li ZM, Li D, Duan SH, Peng QM, Wang R, Jiang Y, Han HJ, Yu XJ. SFTSV infection in rodents and their ectoparasitic chiggers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010698. [PMID: 36037170 PMCID: PMC9423666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SFTSV, a tick-borne bunyavirus causing a severe hemorrhagic fever termed as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). To evaluate the potential role of rodents and its ectoparasitic chiggers in the transmission of SFTSV, we collected wild rodents and chiggers on their bodies from a rural area in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China in September 2020. PCR amplification of the M and L segments of SFTSV showed that 32.3% (10/31) of rodents and 0.2% (1/564) of chiggers (Leptotrombidium deliense) from the rodents were positive to SFTSV. Our results suggested that rodents and chiggers may play an important role in the transmission of SFTSV, although the efficiency of chiggers to transmit SFTSV needs to be further investigated experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Qing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Zhu Fang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Qingdao West Coast New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Ma
- Qingdao West Coast New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Fa-Chun Jiang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Ju Han
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
- * E-mail: (H-JH); (X-JY)
| | - Xue-Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (H-JH); (X-JY)
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Nakada N, Yamamoto K, Tanaka M, Ashizawa H, Yoshida M, Umemura A, Fukuda Y, Katoh S, Sumiyoshi M, Mihara S, Kobayashi T, Ito Y, Ashizawa N, Takeda K, Ide S, Iwanaga N, Takazono T, Tashiro M, Tanaka T, Nakamichi S, Morimoto K, Ariyoshi K, Morita K, Kurihara S, Yanagihara K, Furumoto A, Izumikawa K, Mukae H. Clinical Differentiation of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome from Japanese Spotted Fever. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081807. [PMID: 36016429 PMCID: PMC9415593 DOI: 10.3390/v14081807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and Japanese spotted fever (JSF; a spotted fever group rickettsiosis) are tick-borne zoonoses that are becoming a significant public health threat in Japan and East Asia. Strategies for treatment and infection control differ between the two; therefore, initial differential diagnosis is important. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of SFTS and JSF based on symptomology, physical examination, laboratory data, and radiography findings at admission. This retrospective study included patients with SFTS and JSF treated at five hospitals in Nagasaki Prefecture, western Japan, between 2013 and 2020. Data from 23 patients with SFTS and 38 patients with JSF were examined for differentiating factors and were divided by 7:3 into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Decision tree analysis revealed leukopenia (white blood cell [WBC] < 4000/μL) and altered mental status as the best differentiating factors (AUC 1.000) with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Using only physical examination factors, absence of skin rash and altered mental status resulted in the best differentiating factors with AUC 0.871, 71.4% sensitivity, and 90.0% specificity. When treating patients with suspected tick-borne infection, WBC < 4000/µL, absence of skin rash, and altered mental status are very useful to differentiate SFTS from JSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Nakada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
- Health Center, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Moe Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ashizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Masataka Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo 857-8511, Japan
| | - Asuka Umemura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo 857-8511, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fukuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo 857-8511, Japan
| | - Shungo Katoh
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Nagasaki Rosai Hospital, Sasebo 857-0134, Japan
| | - Makoto Sumiyoshi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya 854-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya 854-8501, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo 857-1195, Japan
| | - Yuya Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ashizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Shotaro Ide
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Sasebo 857-1195, Japan
- Infectious Disease Experts Training Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwanaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takazono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
- Department of Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Masato Tashiro
- Department of Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Department of Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Seiko Nakamichi
- Health Center, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Konosuke Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Koya Ariyoshi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kurihara
- Department of Medical Safety, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Akitsugu Furumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya 854-8501, Japan
- Infectious Disease Experts Training Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Koichi Izumikawa
- Department of Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
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Shimojima M, Sugimoto S, Umekita K, Onodera T, Sano K, Tani H, Takamatsu Y, Yoshikawa T, Kurosu T, Suzuki T, Takahashi Y, Ebihara H, Saijo M. Neutralizing mAbs against SFTS Virus Gn Protein Show Strong Therapeutic Effects in an SFTS Animal Model. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081665. [PMID: 36016286 PMCID: PMC9416629 DOI: 10.3390/v14081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease with a high case fatality rate caused by the SFTS virus, and currently there are no approved specific treatments. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the virus could be a therapeutic agent in SFTS treatment, but their development has not sufficiently been carried out. In the present study, mouse and human mAbs exposed to the viral envelope proteins Gn and Gc (16 clones each) were characterized in vitro and in vivo by using recombinant proteins, cell culture with viruses, and an SFTS animal model with IFNAR-/- mice. Neutralization activities against the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus bearing SFTS virus Gn/Gc as envelope proteins were observed with three anti-Gn and six anti-Gc mAbs. Therapeutic activities were observed among anti-Gn, but not anti-Gc mAbs with neutralizing activities. These results propose an effective strategy to obtain promising therapeutic mAb candidates for SFTS treatment, and a necessity to reveal precise roles of the SFTS virus Gn/Gc proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shimojima
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
- Correspondence: shimoji-@niid.go.jp (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Satoko Sugimoto
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Kunihiko Umekita
- Department of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan;
| | - Taishi Onodera
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.T.)
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; ka-- (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Japan;
| | - Yuki Takamatsu
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoshikawa
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Takeshi Kurosu
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; ka-- (K.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hideki Ebihara
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.T.); (T.Y.); (T.K.); (H.E.)
- Medical Affairs Department, Health and Welfare Bureau, Sapporo 060-0042, Japan
- Correspondence: shimoji-@niid.go.jp (M.S.); (M.S.)
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Yang T, Huang H, Jiang L, Li J. Overview of the immunological mechanism underlying severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:118. [PMID: 35856413 PMCID: PMC9333902 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has been acknowledged as an emerging infectious disease that is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). The main clinical features of SFTS on presentation include fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms. The mortality rate is estimated to range between 5-30% in East Asia. However, SFTSV infection is increasing on an annual basis globally and is becoming a public health problem. The transmission cycle of SFTSV remains poorly understood, which is compounded by the pathogenesis of SFTS not being fully elucidated. Since the mechanism underlying the host immune response towards SFTSV is also unclear, there are no effective vaccines or specific therapeutic agents against SFTS, with supportive care being the only realistic option. Therefore, it is now crucial to understand all aspects of the host-virus interaction following SFTSV infection, including the antiviral states and viral evasion mechanisms. In the present review, recent research progress into the possible host immune responses against SFTSV was summarized, which may be useful in designing novel therapeutics against SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Huaying Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Longfeng Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Tatemoto K, Mendoza MV, Ishijima K, Kuroda Y, Inoue Y, Taira M, Kuwata R, Takano A, Morikawa S, Shimoda H. Risk assessment of infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus based on a 10-year serosurveillance in Yamaguchi Prefecture. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1142-1145. [PMID: 35793949 PMCID: PMC9412060 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In Japan, the first patient with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was reported
in Yamaguchi in 2012. To understand the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus
(SFTSV) infection in this region, a retrospective surveillance in sika deer and wild boars
in Yamaguchi was conducted using a virus-neutralizing (VN) test. The result revealed that
510 of the 789 sika deer and 199 of the 517 wild boars were positive for anti-SFTSV
antibodies. Interestingly, seroprevalence in sika deer increased significantly from
2010–2013 to 2015–2020. The SFTSV gene was detected in one of the 229 serum samples
collected from sika deer, but not from wild boars. In conclusion, SFTSV had spread among
wild animals before 2012 and expanded gradually around 2013–2015 in Yamaguchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kango Tatemoto
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University.,Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Milagros Virhuez Mendoza
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University.,Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Keita Ishijima
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yudai Kuroda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University.,Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Masakatsu Taira
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Ryusei Kuwata
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science
| | - Ai Takano
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University
| | | | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University
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43
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Imported Infectious Diseases, Tropical Diseases and Local Endemic Infectious Diseases in Japan. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:e275-e282. [PMID: 35421047 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to describe the historical perspectives and the current epidemiology of tropical, imported and local endemic infectious diseases in Japan in this review. Public health legislation for infectious diseases and immigration statistics were overviewed to provide the background of the infectious disease situation in Japan. Many tropical diseases were successfully controlled and eliminated in the latter half of the 20th century and the majority of those diseases are imported today. The trend of the main 15 imported infectious diseases before the advent of COVID-19 was summarized as well as local endemic infectious diseases in Japan. Transmission risks of traditional cuisines, lifestyles and nature exposures in Japan are introduced to guide clinicians for travel advice to prevent those local infectious diseases.
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44
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Kuba Y, Azama Y, Kyan H, Fukuchi Y, Maeshiro N, Kakita T, Miyahira M, Kudeken T, Nidaira M. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus RNA in ticks from wild mongooses in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2022; 75:612-615. [PMID: 35768272 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2021.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV has a wide spectrum of animal hosts and is thought to circulate in an enzootic tick-vertebrate-tick cycle. A previous seroepidemiological study demonstrated the presence of anti-SFTSV antibodies in wild mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) and indicated that outdoor activity is associated with an increased risk of tick bites among Okinawa residents. However, the association of SFTSV between wild mongooses and ticks remains unknown. Thus, to understand the association between ticks and mongooses regarding SFTSV circulation, we investigated the presence of SFTSV RNA in ticks collected from wild mongooses on the main island of Okinawa. A total of 638 ticks, belonging to two genera and three species (Haemaphysalis hystricis, Haemaphysalis formosensis, and Ixodes granulatus), were collected from 22 wild mongooses from 2016 to 2020. SFTSV RNA was detected in two pools of H. hystricis larvae collected from a wild mongoose in the central area of the main island of Okinawa in 2017. Although the prevalence of SFTSV in ticks from wild mongooses is low, endemic circulation of the virus in Okinawa should be carefully monitored in the area to prevent future infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumani Kuba
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Azama
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Hisako Kyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Yoshimune Fukuchi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Maeshiro
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kakita
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Masato Miyahira
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kudeken
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
| | - Minoru Nidaira
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Zoology, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Japan
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45
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Wang M, Tan W, Li J, Fang L, Yue M. The Endless Wars: Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus, Host Immune and Genetic Factors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:808098. [PMID: 35782112 PMCID: PMC9240209 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.808098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging arboviral infectious disease with a high rate of lethality in susceptible humans and caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV). Currently, neither vaccine nor specific antiviral drugs are available. In recent years, given the fact that both the number of SFTS cases and epidemic regions are increasing year by year, SFTS has become a public health problem. SFTSV can be internalized into host cells through the interaction between SFTSV glycoproteins and cell receptors and can activate the host immune system to trigger antiviral immune response. However, SFTSV has evolved multiple strategies to manipulate host factors to create an optimal environment for itself. Not to be discounted, host genetic factors may be operative also in the never-ending winning or losing wars. Therefore, the identifications of SFTSV, host immune and genetic factors, and their interactions are critical for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of SFTSV infection. This review summarizes the updated pathogenesis of SFTS with regard to virus, host immune response, and host genetic factors to provide some novel perspectives of the prevention, treatment, as well as drug and vaccine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weilong Tan
- Department of Infection Disease, Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechniques, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqun Fang
- State Key Lab Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Fang, ; Ming Yue,
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Fang, ; Ming Yue,
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46
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Tatemoto K, Ishijima K, Kuroda Y, Mendoza MV, Inoue Y, Park E, Shimoda H, Sato Y, Suzuki T, Suzuki K, Morikawa S, Maeda K. Roles of raccoons in the transmission cycle of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:982-991. [PMID: 35650167 PMCID: PMC9353098 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection in raccoons in Wakayama Prefecture from 2007 to 2019. To perform surveillance, an
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established, and the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA were 100% in comparison with a 50% focus-reduction neutralization assay. Using the
established ELISA, we performed serosurveillance of SFTSV infection in 2,299 raccoons in Tanabe region, Wakayama Prefecture from 2007 to 2019. The first anti-SFTSV-positive raccoon was
captured in October 2009. The seroprevalence of SFTSV infection was <10% between April 2009 and March 2013, 23.9% between April 2013 and March 2014, 37.5% between April, 2014 and March
2015, and over 50% from April 2015. Next, we performed detection of SFTSV genes in sera of raccoons captured in Wakayama Prefecture after April 2013. The results indicated that 2.4% of
raccoons were positive for SFTSV genes and that the frequency of SFTSV infection among raccoons between January and March (0.7%) was lower than that between April and June (3.4%). In
addition, virus genes were detected from many specimens, including sera and feces of two raccoons, and viral antigens were detected in lymphoid cells in lymphoid follicles in the colon by
immunohistochemical staining. In conclusion, SFTSV had recently invaded the area and had rapidly spread among wild animals. The first patient in this area was reported in June 2014,
indicating that raccoons are good sentinels for assessing the risk of SFTSV in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kango Tatemoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
| | - Keita Ishijima
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yudai Kuroda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Milagros Virhuez Mendoza
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
| | - Eunsil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
| | - Yuko Sato
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | | | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University
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47
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Sajiki Y, Konnai S, Okagawa T, Maekawa N, Isezaki M, Yamada S, Ito T, Sato K, Kawabata H, Logullo C, Jr IDSV, Murata S, Ohashi K. Suppressive effects of Ixodes persulcatus sialostatin L2 against Borrelia miyamotoi-stimulated immunity. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101963. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Bang MS, Kim CM, Kim DM, Yun NR. Effective Drugs Against Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in an in vitro Model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:839215. [PMID: 35433715 PMCID: PMC9008449 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.839215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). This syndrome is endemic in China, South Korea, and Japan, with a fatality rate of approximately 20–30%. Although the World Health Organization has listed SFTS as a disease that requires urgent steps for the development of its treatment, no treatments are available. Methods We analyzed the antiviral activity of 41 drugs against the SFTSV to explore potential therapeutic candidates using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and plaque assay in vitro. Results Peramivir, nitazoxanide, and favipiravir were found to have inhibitory effects on the SFTSV at concentrations below the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax). The concentrations that inhibited the SFTSV by 50% were as follows: peramivir, half maximal effective concentration (EC50) 12.9 μg/mL; nitazoxanide, EC50 0.57 μg/mL; and favipiravir, EC50 4.14 μg/mL. Conclusion The effects of peramivir and nitazoxanide on the SFTSV were identified for the first time in this study. Future studies need to include animal models of SFTSV infection, clinical trials including dose-ranging trials, and evaluation of combination therapy with other potential antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Seon Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Choon-Mee Kim
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong-Min Kim,
| | - Na Ra Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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49
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Saijo M. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, a viral hemorrhagic fever, endemic to Japan: achievements and directions to the future in the scientific and medical research. Jpn J Infect Dis 2022; 75:217-227. [PMID: 35354707 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2021.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel infectious disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by a novel bunyavirus, with high case fatality rate (CFR) was reported by Chinese scientists in 2011. The causative virus, Dabie bandavirus [former SFTS virus (SFTSV)] belonged to the Bandavirus genus (former Phlebovirus genus) of Phenuiviridae family (former Bunyaviridae family). SFTS was also reported to be endemic to South Korea and Japan in 2013. Humans are infected with SFTSV through bites by ticks such as Haemophysalis longicornis and Amblyomma testidinarium. However, it was reported that domesticated animals such as cats and dogs were also infected with SFTSV probably through tick bites in living environment and show the SFTS-like symptoms with high CFR. Furthermore, there have been the cases of SFTS patients, who were infected with SFTSV through close contacts with sick cats or dogs. The high CFR in patients with SFTS is approximately 30% in Japan. SFTSV is circulating in nature between some species of ticks and animals. There are always the risks of SFTSV infection for human populations living in the endemic areas. Therefore, development of specific therapies and vaccines is an urgent need to reduce the number of fatal SFTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
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50
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Bryden SR, Dunlop JI, Clarke AT, Fares M, Pingen M, Wu Y, Willett BJ, Patel AH, Gao GF, Kohl A, Brennan B. Exploration of immunological responses underpinning severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection reveals IL-6 as a therapeutic target in an immunocompromised mouse model. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac024. [PMID: 35529317 PMCID: PMC9071185 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dabie bandavirus (previously severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus; SFTSV), is an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus responsible for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a disease with high case fatality that is characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, and potentially lethal hemorrhagic manifestations. Currently, neither effective therapeutic strategies nor approved vaccines exist for SFTS. Therefore, there remains a pressing need to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease and to identify therapeutic strategies to ameliorate SFTS outcomes. Using a type I interferon (IFN)-deficient mouse model, we investigated the viral tropism, disease kinetics, and the role of the virulence factor nonstructural protein (NSs) in SFTS. Ly6C+ MHCII+ cells in the lymphatic tissues were identified as an important target cell for SFTSV. Advanced SFTS was characterized by significant migration of inflammatory leukocytes, notably neutrophils, into the lymph node and spleen, however, these cells were not required to orchestrate the disease phenotype. The development of SFTS was associated with significant upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including high levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 in the serum, lymph node, and spleen. Humoral immunity generated by inoculation with delNSs SFTSV was 100% protective. Importantly, NSs was critical to the inhibition of the host IFNɣ response or downstream IFN-stimulated gene production and allowed for the establishment of severe disease. Finally, therapeutic but not prophylactic use of anti-IL-6 antibodies significantly increased the survival of mice following SFTSV infection and, therefore, this treatment modality presents a novel therapeutic strategy for treating severe SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Bryden
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - James I Dunlop
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew T Clarke
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Mazigh Fares
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Marieke Pingen
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Brian J Willett
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Arvind H Patel
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Alain Kohl
- Medical Research Council–University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
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