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Srivastava S, Shaked HM, Gable K, Gupta SD, Pan X, Somashekarappa N, Han G, Mohassel P, Gotkine M, Doney E, Goldenberg P, Tan QKG, Gong Y, Kleinstiver B, Wishart B, Cope H, Pires CB, Stutzman H, Spillmann RC, Sadjadi R, Elpeleg O, Lee CH, Bellen HJ, Edvardson S, Eichler F, Dunn TM, Dai H, Dhar SU, Emrick LT, Goldman AM, Hanchard NA, Jamal F, Karaviti L, Lalani SR, Lee BH, Lewis RA, Marom R, Moretti PM, Murdock DR, Nicholas SK, Orengo JP, Posey JE, Potocki L, Rosenfeld JA, Samson SL, Scott DA, Tran AA, Vogel TP, Wangler MF, Yamamoto S, Eng CM, Liu P, Ward PA, Behrens E, Deardorff M, Falk M, Hassey K, Sullivan K, Vanderver A, Goldstein DB, Cope H, McConkie-Rosell A, Schoch K, Shashi V, Smith EC, Spillmann RC, Sullivan JA, Tan QKG, Walley NM, Agrawal PB, Beggs AH, Berry GT, Briere LC, Cobban LA, Coggins M, Cooper CM, Fieg EL, High F, Holm IA, Korrick S, Krier JB, Lincoln SA, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, MacRae CA, Pallais JC, Rao DA, Rodan LH, Silverman EK, Stoler JM, Sweetser DA, Walker M, Walsh CA, Esteves C, Kelley EG, Kohane IS, LeBlanc K, McCray AT, Nagy A, Dasari S, Lanpher BC, Lanza IR, Morava E, Oglesbee D, Bademci G, Barbouth D, Bivona S, Carrasquillo O, Chang TCP, Forghani I, Grajewski A, Isasi R, Lam B, Levitt R, Liu XZ, McCauley J, Sacco R, Saporta M, Schaechter J, Tekin M, Telischi F, Thorson W, Zuchner S, Colley HA, Dayal JG, Eckstein DJ, Findley LC, Krasnewich DM, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Mulvihill JJ, LaMoure GL, Goldrich MP, Urv TK, Doss AL, Acosta MT, Bonnenmann C, D’Souza P, Draper DD, Ferreira C, Godfrey RA, Groden CA, Macnamara EF, Maduro VV, Markello TC, Nath A, Novacic D, Pusey BN, Toro C, Wahl CE, Baker E, Burke EA, Adams DR, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Tifft CJ, Wolfe LA, Yang J, Power B, Gochuico B, Huryn L, Latham L, Davis J, Mosbrook-Davis D, Rossignol F, Solomon B, MacDowall J, Thurm A, Zein W, Yousef M, Adam M, Amendola L, Bamshad M, Beck A, Bennett J, Berg-Rood B, Blue E, Boyd B, Byers P, Chanprasert S, Cunningham M, Dipple K, Doherty D, Earl D, Glass I, Golden-Grant K, Hahn S, Hing A, Hisama FM, Horike-Pyne M, Jarvik GP, Jarvik J, Jayadev S, Lam C, Maravilla K, Mefford H, Merritt JL, Mirzaa G, Nickerson D, Raskind W, Rosenwasser N, Scott CR, Sun A, Sybert V, Wallace S, Wener M, Wenger T, Ashley EA, Bejerano G, Bernstein JA, Bonner D, Coakley TR, Fernandez L, Fisher PG, Fresard L, Hom J, Huang Y, Kohler JN, Kravets E, Majcherska MM, Martin BA, Marwaha S, McCormack CE, Raja AN, Reuter CM, Ruzhnikov M, Sampson JB, Smith KS, Sutton S, Tabor HK, Tucker BM, Wheeler MT, Zastrow DB, Zhao C, Byrd WE, Crouse AB, Might M, Nakano-Okuno M, Whitlock J, Brown G, Butte MJ, Dell’Angelica EC, Dorrani N, Douine ED, Fogel BL, Gutierrez I, Huang A, Krakow D, Lee H, Loo SK, Mak BC, Martin MG, Martínez-Agosto JA, McGee E, Nelson SF, Nieves-Rodriguez S, Palmer CGS, Papp JC, Parker NH, Renteria G, Signer RH, Sinsheimer JS, Wan J, Wang LK, Perry KW, Woods JD, Alvey J, Andrews A, Bale J, Bohnsack J, Botto L, Carey J, Pace L, Longo N, Marth G, Moretti P, Quinlan A, Velinder M, Viskochi D, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Mao R, Westerfield M, Bican A, Brokamp E, Duncan L, Hamid R, Kennedy J, Kozuira M, Newman JH, PhillipsIII JA, Rives L, Robertson AK, Solem E, Cogan JD, Cole FS, Hayes N, Kiley D, Sisco K, Wambach J, Wegner D, Baldridge D, Pak S, Schedl T, Shin J, Solnica-Krezel L, Sadjadi R, Elpeleg O, Lee CH, Bellen HJ, Edvardson S, Eichler F, Dunn TM. SPTSSA variants alter sphingolipid synthesis and cause a complex hereditary spastic paraplegia. Brain 2023; 146:1420-1435. [PMID: 36718090 PMCID: PMC10319774 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a diverse family of lipids with critical structural and signalling functions in the mammalian nervous system, where they are abundant in myelin membranes. Serine palmitoyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyses the rate-limiting reaction of sphingolipid synthesis, is composed of multiple subunits including an activating subunit, SPTSSA. Sphingolipids are both essential and cytotoxic and their synthesis must therefore be tightly regulated. Key to the homeostatic regulation are the ORMDL proteins that are bound to serine palmitoyltransferase and mediate feedback inhibition of enzymatic activity when sphingolipid levels become excessive. Exome sequencing identified potential disease-causing variants in SPTSSA in three children presenting with a complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia. The effect of these variants on the catalytic activity and homeostatic regulation of serine palmitoyltransferase was investigated in human embryonic kidney cells, patient fibroblasts and Drosophila. Our results showed that two different pathogenic variants in SPTSSA caused a hereditary spastic paraplegia resulting in progressive motor disturbance with variable sensorineural hearing loss and language/cognitive dysfunction in three individuals. The variants in SPTSSA impaired the negative regulation of serine palmitoyltransferase by ORMDLs leading to excessive sphingolipid synthesis based on biochemical studies and in vivo studies in Drosophila. These findings support the pathogenicity of the SPTSSA variants and point to excessive sphingolipid synthesis due to impaired homeostatic regulation of serine palmitoyltransferase as responsible for defects in early brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, BostonChildren's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hagar Mor Shaked
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Kenneth Gable
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Sita D Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Xueyang Pan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Niranjanakumari Somashekarappa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Gongshe Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | | | - Paula Goldenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Section on Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Queenie K G Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Benjamin Kleinstiver
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brian Wishart
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Heidi Cope
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Claudia Brito Pires
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hannah Stutzman
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rebecca C Spillmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Reza Sadjadi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Chia-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simon Edvardson
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Florian Eichler
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02114 , USA
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
| | - Chia-Hsueh Lee
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN 38105 , USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX 77030 , USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital , Houston, TX 77030 , USA
| | - Simon Edvardson
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus , Jerusalem 91240 , Israel
| | - Florian Eichler
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02114 , USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02114 , USA
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814 , USA
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Morimoto M, Bhambhani V, Gazzaz N, Davids M, Sathiyaseelan P, Macnamara EF, Lange J, Lehman A, Zerfas PM, Murphy JL, Acosta MT, Wang C, Alderman E, Reichert S, Thurm A, Adams DR, Introne WJ, Gorski SM, Boerkoel CF, Gahl WA, Tifft CJ, Malicdan MCV, Baldridge D, Bale J, Bamshad M, Barbouth D, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Beck A, Beggs AH, Behrens E, Bejerano G, Bellen HJ, Bennett J, Berg-Rood B, Bernstein JA, Berry GT, Bican A, Bivona S, Blue E, Bohnsack J, Bonner D, Botto L, Boyd B, Briere LC, Brokamp E, Brown G, Burke EA, Burrage LC, Butte MJ, Byers P, Byrd WE, Carey J, Carrasquillo O, Cassini T, Chang TCP, Chanprasert S, Chao HT, Clark GD, Coakley TR, Cobban LA, Cogan JD, Coggins M, Cole FS, Colley HA, Cooper CM, Cope H, Craigen WJ, Crouse AB, Cunningham M, D’Souza P, Dai H, Dasari S, Davis J, Dayal JG, Dell’Angelica EC, Dipple K, Doherty D, Dorrani N, Doss AL, Douine ED, Duncan L, Earl D, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Esteves C, Falk M, Fieg EL, Fisher PG, Fogel BL, Forghani I, Glass I, Gochuico B, Goddard PC, Godfrey RA, Golden-Grant K, Grajewski A, Gutierrez I, Hadley D, Hahn S, Halley MC, Hamid R, Hassey K, Hayes N, High F, Hing A, Hisama FM, Holm IA, Hom J, Horike-Pyne M, Huang A, Hutchison S, Introne WJ, Isasi R, Izumi K, Jamal F, Jarvik GP, Jarvik J, Jayadev S, Jean-Marie O, Jobanputra V, Karaviti L, Kennedy J, Ketkar S, Kiley D, Kilich G, Kobren SN, Kohane IS, Kohler JN, Korrick S, Kozuira M, Krakow D, Krasnewich DM, Kravets E, Lalani SR, Lam B, Lam C, Lanpher BC, Lanza IR, LeBlanc K, Lee BH, Levitt R, Lewis RA, Liu P, Liu XZ, Longo N, Loo SK, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Mahoney R, Mak BC, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Mao R, Maravilla K, Marom R, Marth G, Martin BA, Martin MG, Martínez-Agosto JA, Marwaha S, McCauley J, McConkie-Rosell A, McCray AT, McGee E, Mefford H, Merritt JL, Might M, Mirzaa G, Morava E, Moretti P, Nakano-Okuno M, Nelson SF, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Nickerson D, Nieves-Rodriguez S, Novacic D, Oglesbee D, Orengo JP, Pace L, Pak S, Pallais JC, Palmer CGS, Papp JC, Parker NH, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Potocki L, Pusey Swerdzewski BN, Quinlan A, Rao DA, Raper A, Raskind W, Renteria G, Reuter CM, Rives L, Robertson AK, Rodan LH, Rosenfeld JA, Rosenwasser N, Rossignol F, Ruzhnikov M, Sacco R, Sampson JB, Saporta M, Schaechter J, Schedl T, Schoch K, Scott DA, Scott CR, Shashi V, Shin J, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Sisco K, Smith EC, Smith KS, Solem E, Solnica-Krezel L, Solomon B, Spillmann RC, Stoler JM, Sullivan K, Sullivan JA, Sun A, Sutton S, Sweetser DA, Sybert V, Tabor HK, Tan QKG, Tan ALM, Tekin M, Telischi F, Thorson W, Toro C, Tran AA, Ungar RA, Urv TK, Vanderver A, Velinder M, Viskochil D, Vogel TP, Wahl CE, Walker M, Wallace S, Walley NM, Wambach J, Wan J, Wang LK, Wangler MF, Ward PA, Wegner D, Weisz Hubshman M, Wener M, Wenger T, Wesseling Perry K, Westerfield M, Wheeler MT, Whitlock J, Wolfe LA, Worley K, Xiao C, Yamamoto S, Yang J, Zhang Z, Zuchner S, Reichert S, Thurm A, Adams DR, Introne WJ, Gorski SM, Boerkoel CF, Gahl WA, Tifft CJ, Malicdan MCV. Bi-allelic ATG4D variants are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by speech and motor impairment. NPJ Genom Med 2023; 8:4. [PMID: 36765070 PMCID: PMC9918471 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy regulates the degradation of damaged organelles and protein aggregates, and is critical for neuronal development, homeostasis, and maintenance, yet few neurodevelopmental disorders have been associated with pathogenic variants in genes encoding autophagy-related proteins. We report three individuals from two unrelated families with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by speech and motor impairment, and similar facial characteristics. Rare, conserved, bi-allelic variants were identified in ATG4D, encoding one of four ATG4 cysteine proteases important for autophagosome biogenesis, a hallmark of autophagy. Autophagosome biogenesis and induction of autophagy were intact in cells from affected individuals. However, studies evaluating the predominant substrate of ATG4D, GABARAPL1, demonstrated that three of the four ATG4D patient variants functionally impair ATG4D activity. GABARAPL1 is cleaved or "primed" by ATG4D and an in vitro GABARAPL1 priming assay revealed decreased priming activity for three of the four ATG4D variants. Furthermore, a rescue experiment performed in an ATG4 tetra knockout cell line, in which all four ATG4 isoforms were knocked out by gene editing, showed decreased GABARAPL1 priming activity for the two ATG4D missense variants located in the cysteine protease domain required for priming, suggesting that these variants impair the function of ATG4D. The clinical, bioinformatic, and functional data suggest that bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in ATG4D contribute to the pathogenesis of this syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Morimoto
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Vikas Bhambhani
- grid.418506.e0000 0004 0629 5022Department of Medical Genetics, Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404 USA
| | - Nour Gazzaz
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788Provincial Medical Genetics Program, British Columbia Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada ,grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariska Davids
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Paalini Sathiyaseelan
- grid.434706.20000 0004 0410 5424Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada ,grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Ellen F. Macnamara
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | | | - Anna Lehman
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Patricia M. Zerfas
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Jennifer L. Murphy
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Maria T. Acosta
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Camille Wang
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Emily Alderman
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788Provincial Medical Genetics Program, British Columbia Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | | | - Sara Reichert
- grid.418506.e0000 0004 0629 5022Department of Medical Genetics, Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404 USA
| | - Audrey Thurm
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - David R. Adams
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Wendy J. Introne
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Sharon M. Gorski
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada ,grid.434706.20000 0004 0410 5424Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3 Canada ,grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada
| | - Cornelius F. Boerkoel
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788Provincial Medical Genetics Program, British Columbia Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - William A. Gahl
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Cynthia J. Tifft
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA ,grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Human Biochemical Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Miller IM, Yashar BM, Macnamara EF, Adams DR, Agrawal PB, Alvey J, Amendola L, Andrews A, Ashley EA, Azamian MS, Bacino CA, Bademci G, Baker E, Balasubramanyam A, Baldridge D, Bale J, Bamshad M, Barbouth D, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Beck A, Beggs AH, Behrens E, Bejerano G, Bellen HJ, Bennett J, Berg-Rood B, Bernstein JA, Berry GT, Bican A, Bivona S, Blue E, Bohnsack J, Bonnenmann C, Bonner D, Botto L, Boyd B, Briere LC, Brokamp E, Brown G, Burke EA, Burrage LC, Butte MJ, Byers P, Byrd WE, Carey J, Carrasquillo O, Chang TCP, Chanprasert S, Chao HT, Clark GD, Coakley TR, Cobban LA, Cogan JD, Coggins M, Cole FS, Colley HA, Cooper CM, Cope H, Craigen WJ, Crouse AB, Cunningham M, D’Souza P, Dai H, Dasari S, Davis J, Dayal JG, Dell’Angelica EC, Dipple K, Doherty D, Dorrani N, Doss AL, Douine ED, Draper DD, Duncan L, Earl D, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Esteves C, Falk M, Fernandez L, Ferreira C, Fieg EL, Findley LC, Fisher PG, Fogel BL, Forghani I, Gahl WA, Glass I, Gochuico B, Godfrey RA, Golden-Grant K, Goldrich MP, Goldstein DB, Grajewski A, Groden CA, Gutierrez I, Hahn S, Hamid R, Hassey K, Hayes N, High F, Hing A, Hisama FM, Holm IA, Hom J, Horike-Pyne M, Huang Y, Huang A, Huryn L, Isasi R, Izumi K, Jamal F, Jarvik GP, Jarvik J, Jayadev S, Karaviti L, Kennedy J, Ketkar S, Kiley D, Kilich G, Kobren SN, Kohane IS, Kohler JN, Korrick S, Kozuira M, Krakow D, Krasnewich DM, Kravets E, Krier JB, Lalani SR, Lam B, Lam C, LaMoure GL, Lanpher BC, Lanza IR, Latham L, LeBlanc K, Lee BH, Lee H, Levitt R, Lewis RA, Lincoln SA, Liu P, Liu XZ, Longo N, Loo SK, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, MacDowall J, Macnamara EF, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Mahoney R, Mak BC, Malicdan MCV, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Mao R, Maravilla K, Markello TC, Marom R, Marth G, Martin BA, Martin MG, Martfnez-Agosto JA, Marwaha S, McCauley J, McConkie-Rosell A, McCray AT, McGee E, Mefford H, Merritt JL, Might M, Mirzaa G, Morava E, Moretti PM, Moretti P, Mosbrook-Davis D, Mulvihill JJ, Nakano-Okuno M, Nath A, Nelson SF, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Nickerson D, Nieves-Rodriguez S, Novacic D, Oglesbee D, Orengo JP, Pace L, Pak S, Pallais JC, Palmer CGS, Papp JC, Parker NH, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Potocki L, Power B, Pusey BN, Quinlan A, Raja AN, Rao DA, Raper A, Raskind W, Renteria G, Reuter CM, Rives L, Robertson AK, Rodan LH, Rosenfeld JA, Rosenwasser N, Rossignol F, Ruzhnikov M, Sacco R, Sampson JB, Saporta M, Schaechter J, Schedl T, Schoch K, Scott DA, Scott CR, Shashi V, Shin J, Signer RH, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Sisco K, Smith EC, Smith KS, Solem E, Solnica-Krezel L, Solomon B, Spillmann RC, Stoler JM, Sullivan K, Sullivan JA, Sun A, Sutton S, Sweetser DA, Sybert V, Tabor HK, Tan QKG, Tan ALM, Tekin M, Telischi F, Thorson W, Thurm A, Tifft CJ, Toro C, Tran AA, Tucker BM, Urv TK, Vanderver A, Velinder M, Viskochil D, Vogel TP, Wahl CE, Walker M, Wallace S, Walley NM, Walsh CA, Wambach J, Wan J, Wang LK, Wangler MF, Ward PA, Wegner D, Hubshman MW, Wener M, Wenger T, Perry KW, Westerfield M, Wheeler MT, Whitlock J, Wolfe LA, Woods JD, Worley K, Yamamoto S, Yang J, Yousef M, Zastrow DB, Zein W, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Zuchner S, Macnamara EF. Continuing a search for a diagnosis: the impact of adolescence and family dynamics. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:6. [PMID: 36624503 PMCID: PMC9830697 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The "diagnostic odyssey" describes the process those with undiagnosed conditions undergo to identify a diagnosis. Throughout this process, families of children with undiagnosed conditions have multiple opportunities to decide whether to continue or stop their search for a diagnosis and accept the lack of a diagnostic label. Previous studies identified factors motivating a family to begin searching, but there is limited information about the decision-making process in a prolonged search and how the affected child impacts a family's decision. This study aimed to understand how families of children with undiagnosed diseases decide whether to continue to pursue a diagnosis after standard clinical testing has failed. Parents who applied to the Undiagnosed Disease Network (UDN) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) were recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews. The 2015 Supportive Care Needs model by Pelenstov, which defines critical needs in families with rare/undiagnosed diseases, provided a framework for interview guide development and transcript analysis (Pelentsov et al in Disabil Health J 8(4):475-491, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DHJO.2015.03.009 ). A deductive, iterative coding approach was used to identify common unifying themes. Fourteen parents from 13 families were interviewed. The average child's age was 11 years (range 3-18) and an average 63% of their life had been spent searching for a diagnosis. Our analysis found that alignment or misalignment of parent and child needs impact the trajectory of the diagnostic search. When needs and desires align, reevaluation of a decision to pursue a diagnosis is limited. However, when there is conflict between parent and child desires, there is reevaluation, and often a pause, in the search. This tension is exacerbated when children are adolescents and attempting to balance their dependence on parents for medical care with a natural desire for independence. Our results provide novel insights into the roles of adolescents in the diagnostic odyssey. The tension between desired and realistic developmental outcomes for parents and adolescents impacts if, and how, the search for a diagnosis progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana M. Miller
- grid.239560.b0000 0004 0482 1586Children’s National Medical Center, Rare Disease Institute, 7125 13th Place NW, DC 20012 Washington, USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, 4909 Buhl Building, Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Beverly M. Yashar
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, 4909 Buhl Building, Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Ellen F. Macnamara
- grid.453125.40000 0004 0533 8641National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
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Pini J, Kueper J, Hu YD, Kawasaki K, Yeung P, Tsimbal C, Yoon B, Carmichael N, Maas RL, Cotney J, Grinblat Y, Liao EC. ALX1-related frontonasal dysplasia results from defective neural crest cell development and migration. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e16289. [PMID: 35795978 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Ouahed J, Kelsen JR, Spessott WA, Kooshesh K, Sanmillan ML, Dawany N, Sullivan KE, Hamilton KE, Slowik V, Nejentsev S, Neves JF, Flores H, Chung WK, Wilson A, Anyane-Yeboa K, Wou K, Jain P, Field M, Tollefson S, Dent MH, Li D, Naito T, McGovern DPB, Kwong AC, Taliaferro F, Ordovas-Montanes J, Horwitz BH, Kotlarz D, Klein C, Evans J, Dorsey J, Warner N, Elkadri A, Muise AM, Goldsmith J, Thompson B, Engelhardt KR, Cant AJ, Hambleton S, Barclay A, Toth-Petroczy A, Vuzman D, Carmichael N, Bodea C, Cassa CA, Devoto M, Maas RL, Behrens EM, Giraudo CG, Snapper SB. Variants in STXBP3 are Associated with Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Immune Dysregulation. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1908-1919. [PMID: 33891011 PMCID: PMC8575043 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease [VEOIBD] is characterized by intestinal inflammation affecting infants and children less than 6 years of age. To date, over 60 monogenic aetiologies of VEOIBD have been identified, many characterized by highly penetrant recessive or dominant variants in underlying immune and/or epithelial pathways. We sought to identify the genetic cause of VEOIBD in a subset of patients with a unique clinical presentation. METHODS Whole exome sequencing was performed on five families with ten patients who presented with a similar constellation of symptoms including medically refractory infantile-onset IBD, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and, in the majority, recurrent infections. Genetic aetiologies of VEOIBD were assessed and Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm novel genetic findings. Western analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and functional studies with epithelial cell lines were employed. RESULTS In each of the ten patients, we identified damaging heterozygous or biallelic variants in the Syntaxin-Binding Protein 3 gene [STXBP3], a protein known to regulate intracellular vesicular trafficking in the syntaxin-binding protein family of molecules, but not associated to date with either VEOIBD or sensorineural hearing loss. These mutations interfere with either intron splicing or protein stability and lead to reduced STXBP3 protein expression. Knock-down of STXBP3 in CaCo2 cells resulted in defects in cell polarity. CONCLUSION Overall, we describe a novel genetic syndrome and identify a critical role for STXBP3 in VEOIBD, sensorineural hearing loss and immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Ouahed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Judith R Kelsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Waldo A Spessott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Kameron Kooshesh
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maria L Sanmillan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Noor Dawany
- Department of Biomedical Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kathryn E Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Voytek Slowik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - João Farela Neves
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit; Hospital Dona Estefânia-CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, 1169, Portugal
| | - Helena Flores
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, 1150, Portugal
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia-CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, 1169, Portugal
| | - Ashley Wilson
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia-CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, 1169, Portugal
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia-CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, 1169, Portugal
| | - Karen Wou
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia-CHLC, EPE, Lisbon, 1169, Portugal
| | - Preti Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Michael Field
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sophia Tollefson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maiah H Dent
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Dalin Li
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Takeo Naito
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Andrew C Kwong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Faith Taliaferro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Bruce H Horwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Kotlarz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, 80337, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, 80337, Germany
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Specialty Care, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
| | - Jill Dorsey
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Specialty Care, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
| | - Neil Warner
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Abdul Elkadri
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Goldsmith
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, III Theme, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Karin R Engelhardt
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, III Theme, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew J Cant
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, III Theme, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK.,Children's Immunology Service, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, III Theme, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK.,Children's Immunology Service, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Andrew Barclay
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Agnes Toth-Petroczy
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dana Vuzman
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nikkola Carmichael
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Corneliu Bodea
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christopher A Cassa
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marcella Devoto
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, University Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy.,CNR-IRGB, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Richard L Maas
- Brigham Genomic Medicine Program, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Edward M Behrens
- Division of Rheumatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Claudio G Giraudo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Pini J, Kueper J, Hu YD, Kawasaki K, Yeung P, Tsimbal C, Yoon B, Carmichael N, Maas RL, Cotney J, Grinblat Y, Liao EC. ALX1-related frontonasal dysplasia results from defective neural crest cell development and migration. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e12013. [PMID: 32914578 PMCID: PMC7539331 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A pedigree of subjects presented with frontonasal dysplasia (FND). Genome sequencing and analysis identified a p.L165F missense variant in the homeodomain of the transcription factor ALX1 which was imputed to be pathogenic. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were derived from the subjects and differentiated to neural crest cells (NCC). NCC derived from ALX1L165F/L165F iPSC were more sensitive to apoptosis, showed an elevated expression of several neural crest progenitor state markers, and exhibited impaired migration compared to wild-type controls. NCC migration was evaluated in vivo using lineage tracing in a zebrafish model, which revealed defective migration of the anterior NCC stream that contributes to the median portion of the anterior neurocranium, phenocopying the clinical presentation. Analysis of human NCC culture media revealed a change in the level of bone morphogenic proteins (BMP), with a low level of BMP2 and a high level of BMP9. Soluble BMP2 and BMP9 antagonist treatments were able to rescue the defective migration phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrate a mechanistic requirement of ALX1 in NCC development and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pini
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janina Kueper
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yiyuan David Hu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pan Yeung
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casey Tsimbal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Baul Yoon
- Departments of Integrative Biology, Neuroscience, and Genetics Ph.D. Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nikkola Carmichael
- Department of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Department of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Cotney
- Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yevgenya Grinblat
- Departments of Integrative Biology, Neuroscience, and Genetics Ph.D. Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Samuels BD, Aho R, Brinkley JF, Bugacov A, Feingold E, Fisher S, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Hacia JG, Hallgrimsson B, Hansen K, Harris MP, Ho TV, Holmes G, Hooper JE, Jabs EW, Jones KL, Kesselman C, Klein OD, Leslie EJ, Li H, Liao EC, Long H, Lu N, Maas RL, Marazita ML, Mohammed J, Prescott S, Schuler R, Selleri L, Spritz RA, Swigut T, van Bakel H, Visel A, Welsh I, Williams C, Williams TJ, Wysocka J, Yuan Y, Chai Y. FaceBase 3: analytical tools and FAIR resources for craniofacial and dental research. Development 2020; 147:dev191213. [PMID: 32958507 PMCID: PMC7522026 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The FaceBase Consortium was established by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research in 2009 as a 'big data' resource for the craniofacial research community. Over the past decade, researchers have deposited hundreds of annotated and curated datasets on both normal and disordered craniofacial development in FaceBase, all freely available to the research community on the FaceBase Hub website. The Hub has developed numerous visualization and analysis tools designed to promote integration of multidisciplinary data while remaining dedicated to the FAIR principles of data management (findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability) and providing a faceted search infrastructure for locating desired data efficiently. Summaries of the datasets generated by the FaceBase projects from 2014 to 2019 are provided here. FaceBase 3 now welcomes contributions of data on craniofacial and dental development in humans, model organisms and cell lines. Collectively, the FaceBase Consortium, along with other NIH-supported data resources, provide a continuously growing, dynamic and current resource for the scientific community while improving data reproducibility and fulfilling data sharing requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget D Samuels
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Robert Aho
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and of Anatomy, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - James F Brinkley
- Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alejandro Bugacov
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Shannon Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ana S Gonzalez-Reiche
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joseph G Hacia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Benedikt Hallgrimsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, and McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karissa Hansen
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and of Anatomy, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Greg Holmes
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joan E Hooper
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethylin Wang Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carl Kesselman
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Hong Li
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hannah Long
- Departments of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jaaved Mohammed
- Departments of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sara Prescott
- Departments of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert Schuler
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Licia Selleri
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and of Anatomy, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Richard A Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tomek Swigut
- Departments of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Axel Visel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Ian Welsh
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and of Anatomy, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Cristina Williams
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Trevor J Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joanna Wysocka
- Departments of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Zhang Y, Guillermier C, De Raedt T, Cox AG, Maertens O, Yimlamai D, Lun M, Whitney A, Maas RL, Goessling W, Cichowski K, Steinhauser ML. Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Tumor Metabolic Heterogeneity. iScience 2020; 23:101355. [PMID: 32712466 PMCID: PMC7390776 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors exhibit high degrees of genomic heterogeneity at the cellular level, leading to the view that subpopulations of tumor cells drive growth and treatment resistance. To examine the degree to which tumors also exhibit metabolic heterogeneity at the level of individual cells, we employed multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) to quantify utilization of stable isotopes of glucose and glutamine along with a label for cell division. Mouse models of melanoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) exhibited striking heterogeneity of substrate utilization, evident in both proliferating and non-proliferating cells. We identified a correlation between metabolic heterogeneity, proliferation, and therapeutic resistance. Heterogeneity in metabolic substrate usage as revealed by incorporation of glucose and glutamine tracers is thus a marker for tumor proliferation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that MIMS provides a powerful tool with which to dissect metabolic functions of individual cells within the native tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christelle Guillermier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew G Cox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ophelia Maertens
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyue Lun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam Whitney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ludwig Center, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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9
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Sylvester B, Brindopke F, Suzuki A, Giron M, Auslander A, Maas RL, Tsai B, Gao H, Magee W, Cox TC, Sanchez-Lara PA. A Synonymous Exonic Splice Silencer Variant in IRF6 as a Novel and Cryptic Cause of Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080903. [PMID: 32784565 PMCID: PMC7465030 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense, nonsense, splice site and regulatory region variants in interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) have been shown to contribute to both syndromic and non-syndromic forms of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). We report the diagnostic evaluation of a complex multigeneration family of Honduran ancestry with a pedigree structure consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance with both incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. The proband's grandmother bore children with two partners and CL/P segregates on both sides of each lineage. Through whole-exome sequencing of five members of the family, we identified a single shared synonymous variant, located in the middle of exon 7 of IRF6 (p.Ser307Ser; g.209963979 G>A; c.921C>T). The variant was shown to segregate in the seven affected individuals and through three unaffected obligate carriers, spanning both sides of this pedigree. This variant is very rare, only being found in three (all of Latino ancestry) of 251,352 alleles in the gnomAD database. While the variant did not create a splice acceptor/donor site, in silico analysis predicted it to impact an exonic splice silencer element and the binding of major splice regulatory factors. In vitro splice assays supported this by revealing multiple abnormal splicing events, estimated to impact >60% of allelic transcripts. Sequencing of the alternate splice products demonstrated the unmasking of a cryptic splice site six nucleotides 5' of the variant, as well as variable utilization of cryptic splice sites in intron 6. The ectopic expression of different splice regulatory proteins altered the proportion of abnormal splicing events seen in the splice assay, although the alteration was dependent on the splice factor. Importantly, each alternatively spliced mRNA is predicted to result in a frame shift and prematurely truncated IRF6 protein. This is the first study to identify a synonymous variant as a likely cause of NS-CL/P and highlights the care that should be taken by laboratories when considering and interpreting variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau Sylvester
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (B.S.); (A.A.); (W.M.III)
| | | | - Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; (A.S.); (T.C.C.)
| | - Melissa Giron
- Operación Sonrisa Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
| | - Allyn Auslander
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (B.S.); (A.A.); (W.M.III)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Becky Tsai
- Fulgent Genetics, Temple City, CA 91780, USA; (B.T.); (H.G.)
| | - Hanlin Gao
- Fulgent Genetics, Temple City, CA 91780, USA; (B.T.); (H.G.)
| | - William Magee
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (B.S.); (A.A.); (W.M.III)
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; (A.S.); (T.C.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(310)-423-4461
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10
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Mao D, Reuter CM, Ruzhnikov MR, Beck AE, Farrow EG, Emrick LT, Rosenfeld JA, Mackenzie KM, Robak L, Wheeler MT, Burrage LC, Jain M, Liu P, Calame D, Küry S, Sillesen M, Schmitz-Abe K, Tonduti D, Spaccini L, Iascone M, Genetti CA, Koenig MK, Graf M, Tran A, Alejandro M, Lee BH, Thiffault I, Agrawal PB, Bernstein JA, Bellen HJ, Chao HT, Acosta MT, Adam M, Adams DR, Agrawal PB, Alejandro ME, Allard P, Alvey J, Amendola L, Andrews A, Ashley EA, Azamian MS, Bacino CA, Bademci G, Baker E, Balasubramanyam A, Baldridge D, Bale J, Bamshad M, Barbouth D, Batzli GF, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Beck A, Beggs AH, Bejerano G, Bellen HJ, Bennet J, Berg-Rood B, Bernier R, Bernstein JA, Berry GT, Bican A, Bivona S, Blue E, Bohnsack J, Bonnenmann C, Bonner D, Botto L, Briere LC, Brokamp E, Burke EA, Burrage LC, Butte MJ, Byers P, Carey J, Carrasquillo O, Chang TCP, Chanprasert S, Chao HT, Clark GD, Coakley TR, Cobban LA, Cogan JD, Cole FS, Colley HA, Cooper CM, Cope H, Craigen WJ, Cunningham M, D’Souza P, Dai H, Dasari S, Davids M, Dayal JG, Dell’Angelica EC, Dhar SU, Dipple K, Doherty D, Dorrani N, Douine ED, Draper DD, Duncan L, Earl D, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Esteves C, Estwick T, Fernandez L, Ferreira C, Fieg EL, Fisher PG, Fogel BL, Forghani I, Fresard L, Gahl WA, Glass I, Godfrey RA, Golden-Grant K, Goldman AM, Goldstein DB, Grajewski A, Groden CA, Gropman AL, Hahn S, Hamid R, Hanchard NA, Hayes N, High F, Hing A, Hisama FM, Holm IA, Hom J, Horike-Pyne M, Huang A, Huang Y, Isasi R, Jamal F, Jarvik GP, Jarvik J, Jayadev S, Jiang YH, Johnston JM, Karaviti L, Kelley EG, Kiley D, Kohane IS, Kohler JN, Krakow D, Krasnewich DM, Korrick S, Koziura M, Krier JB, Lalani SR, Lam B, Lam C, Lanpher BC, Lanza IR, Lau CC, LeBlanc K, Lee BH, Lee H, Levitt R, Lewis RA, Lincoln SA, Liu P, Liu XZ, Longo N, Loo SK, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, Macnamara EF, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Majcherska MM, Malicdan MCV, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Mao R, Maravilla K, Markello TC, Marom R, Marth G, Martin BA, Martin MG, Martínez-Agosto JA, Marwaha S, McCauley J, McConkie-Rosell A, McCormack CE, McCray AT, Mefford H, Merritt JL, Might M, Mirzaa G, Morava-Kozicz E, Moretti PM, Morimoto M, Mulvihill JJ, Murdock DR, Nath A, Nelson SF, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Nickerson D, Novacic D, Oglesbee D, Orengo JP, Pace L, Pak S, Pallais JC, Palmer CG, Papp JC, Parker NH, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Postlethwait JH, Potocki L, Pusey BN, Quinlan A, Raskind W, Raja AN, Renteria G, Reuter CM, Rives L, Robertson AK, Rodan LH, Rosenfeld JA, Rowley RK, Ruzhnikov M, Sacco R, Sampson JB, Samson SL, Saporta M, Scott CR, Schaechter J, Schedl T, Schoch K, Scott DA, Shakachite L, Sharma P, Shashi V, Shin J, Signer R, Sillari CH, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Sisco K, Smith KS, Solnica-Krezel L, Spillmann RC, Stoler JM, Stong N, Sullivan JA, Sun A, Sutton S, Sweetser DA, Sybert V, Tabor HK, Tamburro CP, Tan QKG, Tekin M, Telischi F, Thorson W, Tifft CJ, Toro C, Tran AA, Urv TK, Velinder M, Viskochil D, Vogel TP, Wahl CE, Wallace S, Walley NM, Walsh CA, Walker M, Wambach J, Wan J, Wang LK, Wangler MF, Ward PA, Wegner D, Wener M, Westerfield M, Wheeler MT, Wise AL, Wolfe LA, Woods JD, Yamamoto S, Yang J, Yoon AJ, Yu G, Zastrow DB, Zhao C, Zuchner S. De novo EIF2AK1 and EIF2AK2 Variants Are Associated with Developmental Delay, Leukoencephalopathy, and Neurologic Decompensation. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:570-583. [PMID: 32197074 PMCID: PMC7118694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
EIF2AK1 and EIF2AK2 encode members of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase (EIF2AK) family that inhibits protein synthesis in response to physiologic stress conditions. EIF2AK2 is also involved in innate immune response and the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Despite these findings, human disorders associated with deleterious variants in EIF2AK1 and EIF2AK2 have not been reported. Here, we describe the identification of nine unrelated individuals with heterozygous de novo missense variants in EIF2AK1 (1/9) or EIF2AK2 (8/9). Features seen in these nine individuals include white matter alterations (9/9), developmental delay (9/9), impaired language (9/9), cognitive impairment (8/9), ataxia (6/9), dysarthria in probands with verbal ability (6/9), hypotonia (7/9), hypertonia (6/9), and involuntary movements (3/9). Individuals with EIF2AK2 variants also exhibit neurological regression in the setting of febrile illness or infection. We use mammalian cell lines and proband-derived fibroblasts to further confirm the pathogenicity of variants in these genes and found reduced kinase activity. EIF2AKs phosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 (EIF2S1, also known as EIF2α), which then inhibits EIF2B activity. Deleterious variants in genes encoding EIF2B proteins cause childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination/vanishing white matter (CACH/VWM), a leukodystrophy characterized by neurologic regression in the setting of febrile illness and other stressors. Our findings indicate that EIF2AK2 missense variants cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome that may share phenotypic and pathogenic mechanisms with CACH/VWM.
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Machol K, Rousseau J, Ehresmann S, Garcia T, Nguyen TTM, Spillmann RC, Sullivan JA, Shashi V, Jiang YH, Stong N, Fiala E, Willing M, Pfundt R, Kleefstra T, Cho MT, McLaughlin H, Rosello Piera M, Orellana C, Martínez F, Caro-Llopis A, Monfort S, Roscioli T, Nixon CY, Buckley MF, Turner A, Jones WD, van Hasselt PM, Hofstede FC, van Gassen KL, Brooks AS, van Slegtenhorst MA, Lachlan K, Sebastian J, Madan-Khetarpal S, Sonal D, Sakkubai N, Thevenon J, Faivre L, Maurel A, Petrovski S, Krantz ID, Tarpinian JM, Rosenfeld JA, Lee BH, Campeau PM, Adams DR, Alejandro ME, Allard P, Azamian MS, Bacino CA, Balasubramanyam A, Barseghyan H, Batzli GF, Beggs AH, Behnam B, Bican A, Bick DP, Birch CL, Bonner D, Boone BE, Bostwick BL, Briere LC, Brown DM, Brush M, Burke EA, Burrage LC, Chen S, Clark GD, Coakley TR, Cogan JD, Cooper CM, Cope H, Craigen WJ, D’Souza P, Davids M, Dayal JG, Dell’Angelica EC, Dhar SU, Dillon A, Dipple KM, Donnell-Fink LA, Dorrani N, Dorset DC, Douine ED, Draper DD, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Eskin A, Esteves C, Estwick T, Ferreira C, Fogel BL, Friedman ND, Gahl WA, Glanton E, Godfrey RA, Goldstein DB, Gould SE, Gourdine JPF, Groden CA, Gropman AL, Haendel M, Hamid R, Hanchard NA, Handley LH, Herzog MR, Holm IA, Hom J, Howerton EM, Huang Y, Jacob HJ, Jain M, Jiang YH, Johnston JM, Jones AL, Kohane IS, Krasnewich DM, Krieg EL, Krier JB, Lalani SR, Lau CC, Lazar J, Lee BH, Lee H, Levy SE, Lewis RA, Lincoln SA, Lipson A, Loo SK, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, Macnamara EF, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Majcherska MM, Malicdan MCV, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Markello TC, Marom R, Martínez-Agosto JA, Marwaha S, May T, McConkie-Rosell A, McCormack CE, McCray AT, Might M, Moretti PM, Morimoto M, Mulvihill JJ, Murphy JL, Muzny DM, Nehrebecky ME, Nelson SF, Newberry JS, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Novacic D, Orange JS, Pallais JC, Palmer CG, Papp JC, Parker NH, Pena LD, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Postlethwait JH, Potocki L, Pusey BN, Reuter CM, Robertson AK, Rodan LH, Rosenfeld JA, Sampson JB, Samson SL, Schoch K, Schroeder MC, Scott DA, Sharma P, Shashi V, Signer R, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Smith KS, Spillmann RC, Splinter K, Stoler JM, Stong N, Sullivan JA, Sweetser DA, Tifft CJ, Toro C, Tran AA, Urv TK, Valivullah ZM, Vilain E, Vogel TP, Wahl CE, Walley NM, Walsh CA, Ward PA, Waters KM, Westerfield M, Wise AL, Wolfe LA, Worthey EA, Yamamoto S, Yang Y, Yu G, Zastrow DB, Zheng A. Expanding the Spectrum of BAF-Related Disorders: De Novo Variants in SMARCC2 Cause a Syndrome with Intellectual Disability and Developmental Delay. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:164-178. [PMID: 30580808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SMARCC2 (BAF170) is one of the invariable core subunits of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling BAF (BRG1-associated factor) complex and plays a crucial role in embryogenesis and corticogenesis. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding other components of the BAF complex have been associated with intellectual disability syndromes. Despite its significant biological role, variants in SMARCC2 have not been directly associated with human disease previously. Using whole-exome sequencing and a web-based gene-matching program, we identified 15 individuals with variable degrees of neurodevelopmental delay and growth retardation harboring one of 13 heterozygous variants in SMARCC2, most of them novel and proven de novo. The clinical presentation overlaps with intellectual disability syndromes associated with other BAF subunits, such as Coffin-Siris and Nicolaides-Baraitser syndromes and includes prominent speech impairment, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic features such as hypertrichosis, thick eyebrows, thin upper lip vermilion, and upturned nose. Nine out of the fifteen individuals harbor variants in the highly conserved SMARCC2 DNA-interacting domains (SANT and SWIRM) and present with a more severe phenotype. Two of these individuals present cardiac abnormalities. Transcriptomic analysis of fibroblasts from affected individuals highlights a group of differentially expressed genes with possible roles in regulation of neuronal development and function, namely H19, SCRG1, RELN, and CACNB4. Our findings suggest a novel SMARCC2-related syndrome that overlaps with neurodevelopmental disorders associated with variants in BAF-complex subunits.
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12
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Marcogliese PC, Shashi V, Spillmann RC, Stong N, Rosenfeld JA, Koenig MK, Martínez-Agosto JA, Herzog M, Chen AH, Dickson PI, Lin HJ, Vera MU, Salamon N, Graham JM, Ortiz D, Infante E, Steyaert W, Dermaut B, Poppe B, Chung HL, Zuo Z, Lee PT, Kanca O, Xia F, Yang Y, Smith EC, Jasien J, Kansagra S, Spiridigliozzi G, El-Dairi M, Lark R, Riley K, Koeberl DD, Golden-Grant K, Yamamoto S, Wangler MF, Mirzaa G, Hemelsoet D, Lee B, Nelson SF, Goldstein DB, Bellen HJ, Pena LD, Callens S, Coucke P, Dermaut B, Hemelsoet D, Poppe B, Steyaert W, Terryn W, Van Coster R, Adams DR, Alejandro ME, Allard P, Azamian MS, Bacino CA, Balasubramanyam A, Barseghyan H, Batzli GF, Beggs AH, Behnam B, Bican A, Bick DP, Birch CL, Bonner D, Boone BE, Bostwick BL, Briere LC, Brown DM, Brush M, Burke EA, Burrage LC, Chen S, Clark GD, Coakley TR, Cogan JD, Cooper CM, Cope H, Craigen WJ, D’Souza P, Davids M, Dayal JG, Dell’Angelica EC, Dhar SU, Dillon A, Dipple KM, Donnell-Fink LA, Dorrani N, Dorset DC, Douine ED, Draper DD, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Eskin A, Esteves C, Estwick T, Ferreira C, Fogel BL, Friedman ND, Gahl WA, Glanton E, Godfrey RA, Goldstein DB, Gould SE, Gourdine JPF, Groden CA, Gropman AL, Haendel M, Hamid R, Hanchard NA, Handley LH, Herzog MR, Holm IA, Hom J, Howerton EM, Huang Y, Jacob HJ, Jain M, Jiang YH, Johnston JM, Jones AL, Kohane IS, Krasnewich DM, Krieg EL, Krier JB, Lalani SR, Lau CC, Lazar J, Lee BH, Lee H, Levy SE, Lewis RA, Lincoln SA, Lipson A, Loo SK, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, Macnamara EF, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Majcherska MM, Malicdan MCV, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Markello TC, Marom R, Martínez-Agosto JA, Marwaha S, May T, McConkie-Rosell A, McCormack CE, McCray AT, Might M, Moretti PM, Morimoto M, Mulvihill JJ, Murphy JL, Muzny DM, Nehrebecky ME, Nelson SF, Newberry JS, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Novacic D, Orange JS, Pallais JC, Palmer CG, Papp JC, Parker NH, Pena LD, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Postlethwait JH, Potocki L, Pusey BN, Reuter CM, Robertson AK, Rodan LH, Rosenfeld JA, Sampson JB, Samson SL, Schoch K, Schroeder MC, Scott DA, Sharma P, Shashi V, Signer R, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Smith KS, Spillmann RC, Splinter K, Stoler JM, Stong N, Sullivan JA, Sweetser DA, Tifft CJ, Toro C, Tran AA, Urv TK, Valivullah ZM, Vilain E, Vogel TP, Wahl CE, Walley NM, Walsh CA, Ward PA, Waters KM, Westerfield M, Wise AL, Wolfe LA, Worthey EA, Yamamoto S, Yang Y, Yu G, Zastrow DB, Zheng A. IRF2BPL Is Associated with Neurological Phenotypes. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:456. [PMID: 30193138 PMCID: PMC6128320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Li G, Martínez-Bonet M, Wu D, Yang Y, Cui J, Nguyen HN, Cunin P, Levescot A, Bai M, Westra HJ, Okada Y, Brenner MB, Raychaudhuri S, Hendrickson EA, Maas RL, Nigrovic PA. High-throughput identification of noncoding functional SNPs via type IIS enzyme restriction. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1180-1188. [PMID: 30013183 PMCID: PMC6072570 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many disease-associated noncoding variants, but cannot distinguish functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (fSNPs) from others that reside incidentally within risk loci. To address this challenge, we developed an unbiased high-throughput screen that employs type IIS enzymatic restriction to identify fSNPs that allelically modulate the binding of regulatory proteins. We coupled this approach, termed SNP-seq, with flanking restriction enhanced pulldown (FREP) to identify regulation of CD40 by three disease-associated fSNPs via four regulatory proteins, RBPJ, RSRC2 and FUBP-1/TRAP150. Applying this approach across 27 loci associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, we identified 148 candidate fSNPs, including two that regulate STAT4 via the regulatory proteins SATB2 and H1.2. Together, these findings establish the utility of tandem SNP-seq/FREP to bridge the gap between GWAS and disease mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Cardiology and The Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Marta Martínez-Bonet
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology and The Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hung N Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierre Cunin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anaïs Levescot
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Bai
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eric A Hendrickson
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics Department, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Nakatomi M, Ida-Yonemochi H, Nakatomi C, Saito K, Kenmotsu S, Maas RL, Ohshima H. Msx2 Prevents Stratified Squamous Epithelium Formation in the Enamel Organ. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1355-1364. [PMID: 29863959 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518777746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth enamel is manufactured by the inner enamel epithelium of the multilayered enamel organ. Msx2 loss-of-function mutation in a mouse model causes an abnormal accumulation of epithelial cells in the enamel organ, but the underlying mechanism by which Msx2 regulates amelogenesis is poorly understood. We therefore performed detailed histological and molecular analyses of Msx2 null mice. Msx2 null ameloblasts and stratum intermedium (SI) cells differentiated normally in the early stages of amelogenesis. However, during subsequent developmental stages, the outer enamel epithelium (OEE) became highly proliferative and transformed into a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that ectopically expressed stratified squamous epithelium markers, including Heat shock protein 25, Loricrin, and Keratin 10. Moreover, expression of hair follicle-specific keratin genes such as Keratin 26 and Keratin 73 was upregulated in the enamel organ of Msx2 mutants. With the accumulation of keratin in the stellate reticulum (SR) region and subsequent odontogenic cyst formation, SI cells gradually lost the ability to differentiate, and the expression of Sox2 and Notch1 was downregulated, leading to ameloblast depolarization. As a consequence, the organization of the Msx2 mutant enamel organ became disturbed and enamel failed to form in the normal location. Instead, there was ectopic mineralization that likely occurred within the SR. In summary, we show that during amelogenesis, Msx2 executes a bipartite function, repressing the transformation of OEE into a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium while simultaneously promoting the development of a properly differentiated enamel organ competent for enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakatomi
- 1 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,2 Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - H Ida-Yonemochi
- 1 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - C Nakatomi
- 3 General Dentistry and Clinical Education Unit, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.,4 Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - K Saito
- 1 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Kenmotsu
- 1 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - R L Maas
- 5 Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Ohshima
- 1 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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15
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Liu Y, Granet D, Lin H, Baxter S, Ouyang H, Zhu J, Huang S, Liu Z, Wu X, Yan F, Liu X, Luo L, Heichel C, Zhang M, Cai W, Maas RL, Zhang K. Liu et al. reply. Nature 2018; 556:E3-E4. [PMID: 29620731 DOI: 10.1038/nature26150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - David Granet
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Haotian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sally Baxter
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaokang Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fangbing Yan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xialin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Christopher Heichel
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenjia Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Veterans Administration Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92093, USA
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16
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Choi JK, El Assal R, Ng N, Ginsburg E, Maas RL, Anchan RM, Demirci U. Bio-inspired solute enables preservation of human oocytes using minimum volume vitrification. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e142-e149. [PMID: 28481448 DOI: 10.1002/term.2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to cryopreserve human oocytes has significant potential for fertility preservation. Current cryopreservation methods still suffer from the use of conventional cryoprotectants, such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), causing loss of viability and function. Such injuries result from the toxicity and high concentration of cryoprotectants, as well as mechanical damage of cells due to ice crystal formation during the cooling and rewarming processes. Here we report the preservation of human oocytes following vitrification using an innovative bio-inspired cryoprotectant integrated with a minimum volume vitrification approach. The results demonstrate that the recovered human oocytes maintained viability following vitrification and rewarming. Moreover, when this approach was used to vitrify mouse oocytes, the recovered oocytes preserved their viability and function following vitrification and rewarming. This bio-inspired approach substitutes DMSO, a well-known toxic cryoprotectant, with ectoine, a non-toxic naturally occurring solute. The bio-inspired vitrification approach has the potential to improve fertility preservation for women undergoing cancer treatment and endangered mammal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Kyu Choi
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratories, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Rami El Assal
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratories, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Ng
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ginsburg
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond M Anchan
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratories, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering by courtesy, Palo Alto, California, USA
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17
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Seidel K, Marangoni P, Tang C, Houshmand B, Du W, Maas RL, Murray S, Oldham MC, Klein OD. Resolving stem and progenitor cells in the adult mouse incisor through gene co-expression analysis. eLife 2017; 6:e24712. [PMID: 28475038 PMCID: PMC5419740 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations into stem cell-fueled renewal of an organ benefit from an inventory of cell type-specific markers and a deep understanding of the cellular diversity within stem cell niches. Using the adult mouse incisor as a model for a continuously renewing organ, we performed an unbiased analysis of gene co-expression relationships to identify modules of co-expressed genes that represent differentiated cells, transit-amplifying cells, and residents of stem cell niches. Through in vivo lineage tracing, we demonstrated the power of this approach by showing that co-expression module members Lrig1 and Igfbp5 define populations of incisor epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells. We further discovered that two adjacent mesenchymal tissues, the periodontium and dental pulp, are maintained by distinct pools of stem cells. These findings reveal novel mechanisms of incisor renewal and illustrate how gene co-expression analysis of intact biological systems can provide insights into the transcriptional basis of cellular identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Seidel
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Cynthia Tang
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Bahar Houshmand
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | | | - Michael C Oldham
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human GeneticsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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18
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Chao HT, Davids M, Burke E, Pappas JG, Rosenfeld JA, McCarty AJ, Davis T, Wolfe L, Toro C, Tifft C, Xia F, Stong N, Johnson TK, Warr CG, Yamamoto S, Adams DR, Markello TC, Gahl WA, Bellen HJ, Wangler MF, Malicdan MCV, Adams DR, Adams CJ, Alejandro ME, Allard P, Ashley EA, Bacino CA, Balasubramanyam A, Barseghyan H, Beggs AH, Bellen HJ, Bernstein JA, Bick DP, Birch CL, Boone BE, Briere LC, Brown DM, Brush M, Burrage LC, Chao KR, Clark GD, Cogan JD, Cooper CM, Craigen WJ, Davids M, Dayal JG, Dell'Angelica EC, Dhar SU, Dipple KM, Donnell-Fink LA, Dorrani N, Dorset DC, Draper DD, Dries AM, Eckstein DJ, Emrick LT, Eng CM, Esteves C, Estwick T, Fisher PG, Frisby TS, Frost K, Gahl WA, Gartner V, Godfrey RA, Goheen M, Golas GA, Goldstein DB, Gordon M“GG, Gould SE, Gourdine JPF, Graham BH, Groden CA, Gropman AL, Hackbarth ME, Haendel M, Hamid R, Hanchard NA, Handley LH, Hardee I, Herzog MR, Holm IA, Howerton EM, Jacob HJ, Jain M, Jiang YH, Johnston JM, Jones AL, Koehler AE, Koeller DM, Kohane IS, Kohler JN, Krasnewich DM, Krieg EL, Krier JB, Kyle JE, Lalani SR, Latham L, Latour YL, Lau CC, Lazar J, Lee BH, Lee H, Lee PR, Levy SE, Levy DJ, Lewis RA, Liebendorder AP, Lincoln SA, Loomis CR, Loscalzo J, Maas RL, Macnamara EF, MacRae CA, Maduro VV, Malicdan MCV, Mamounas LA, Manolio TA, Markello TC, Mashid AS, Mazur P, McCarty AJ, McConkie-Rosell A, McCray AT, Metz TO, Might M, Moretti PM, Mulvihill JJ, Murphy JL, Muzny DM, Nehrebecky ME, Nelson SF, Newberry JS, Newman JH, Nicholas SK, Novacic D, Orange JS, Pallais JC, Palmer CG, Papp JC, Pena LD, Phillips JA, Posey JE, Postlethwait JH, Potocki L, Pusey BN, Ramoni RB, Rodan LH, Sadozai S, Schaffer KE, Schoch K, Schroeder MC, Scott DA, Sharma P, Shashi V, Silverman EK, Sinsheimer JS, Soldatos AG, Spillmann RC, Splinter K, Stoler JM, Stong N, Strong KA, Sullivan JA, Sweetser DA, Thomas SP, Tift CJ, Tolman NJ, Toro C, Tran AA, Valivullah ZM, Vilain E, Waggott DM, Wahl CE, Walley NM, Walsh CA, Wangler MF, Warburton M, Ward PA, Waters KM, Webb-Robertson BJM, Weech AA, Westerfield M, Wheeler MT, Wise AL, Worthe LA, Worthey EA, Yamamoto S, Yang Y, Yu G, Zornio PA. A Syndromic Neurodevelopmental Disorder Caused by De Novo Variants in EBF3. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:128-137. [PMID: 28017372 PMCID: PMC5223093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early B cell factor 3 (EBF3) is a member of the highly evolutionarily conserved Collier/Olf/EBF (COE) family of transcription factors. Prior studies on invertebrate and vertebrate animals have shown that EBF3 homologs are essential for survival and that loss-of-function mutations are associated with a range of nervous system developmental defects, including perturbation of neuronal development and migration. Interestingly, aristaless-related homeobox (ARX), a homeobox-containing transcription factor critical for the regulation of nervous system development, transcriptionally represses EBF3 expression. However, human neurodevelopmental disorders related to EBF3 have not been reported. Here, we describe three individuals who are affected by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and expressive speech disorder and carry de novo variants in EBF3. Associated features seen in these individuals include congenital hypotonia, structural CNS malformations, ataxia, and genitourinary abnormalities. The de novo variants affect a single conserved residue in a zinc finger motif crucial for DNA binding and are deleterious in a fly model. Our findings indicate that mutations in EBF3 cause a genetic neurodevelopmental syndrome and suggest that loss of EBF3 function might mediate a subset of neurologic phenotypes shared by ARX-related disorders, including intellectual disability, abnormal genitalia, and structural CNS malformations.
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19
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Lin H, Ouyang H, Zhu J, Huang S, Liu Z, Chen S, Cao G, Li G, Signer RAJ, Xu Y, Chung C, Zhang Y, Lin D, Patel S, Wu F, Cai H, Hou J, Wen C, Jafari M, Liu X, Luo L, Zhu J, Qiu A, Hou R, Chen B, Chen J, Granet D, Heichel C, Shang F, Li X, Krawczyk M, Skowronska-Krawczyk D, Wang Y, Shi W, Chen D, Zhong Z, Zhong S, Zhang L, Chen S, Morrison SJ, Maas RL, Zhang K, Liu Y. Corrigendum: Lens regeneration using endogenous stem cells with gain of visual function. Nature 2016; 541:558. [PMID: 27919080 DOI: 10.1038/nature19831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Shashi V, Pena LD, Kim K, Burton B, Hempel M, Schoch K, Walkiewicz M, McLaughlin HM, Cho M, Stong N, Hickey SE, Shuss CM, Freemark MS, Bellet JS, Keels MA, Bonner MJ, El-Dairi M, Butler M, Kranz PG, Stumpel CT, Klinkenberg S, Oberndorff K, Alawi M, Santer R, Petrovski S, Kuismin O, Korpi-Heikkilä S, Pietilainen O, Aarno P, Kurki MI, Hoischen A, Need AC, Goldstein DB, Kortüm F, Bacino A, Lee BH, Balasubramanyam A, Burrage LC, Clark GD, Craigen WJ, Dhar SU, Emrick LT, Graham BH, Jain M, Lalani SR, Lewis RA, Moretti PM, Nicholas SK, Orange JS, Posey JE, Potocki L, Rosenfeld JA, Scott DA, Hanchard NA, Alyssa TA, Mercedes AE, Mashid AS, Bellen HJ, Yamamoto S, Wangler MF, Westerfield M, Postlethwait JH, Eng CM, Yang Y, Muzny DM, Ward PA, Ramoni RB, McCray AT, Kohane IS, Holm IA, Might M, Mazur P, Splinter K, Esteves C, Shashi V, Jiang YH, Pena LD, McConkie-Rosell A, Schoch K, Spillmann RC, Sullivan JA, Walley NM, Goldstein DB, Stong N, Beggs AH, Loscalzo J, MacRae CA, Silverman EK, Stoler JM, Sweetser DA, Maas RL, Krier JB, Rodan LH, Walsh CA, Cooper CM, Pallais JC, Donnell-Fink LA, Krieg EL, Lincoln SA, Briere LC, Jacob HJ, Worthey EA, Lazar J, Strong KA, Handley LH, Newberry JS, Bick DP, Schroeder MC, Brown DM, Birch CL, Levy SE, Boone BE, Dorset DC, Jones AL, Manolio TA, Mulvihill JJ, Wise AL, Dayal JG, Eckstein DJ, Krasnewich DM, Loomis CR, Mamounas LA, Iglesias B, Martin C, Koeller DM, Metz TO, Ashley EA, Fisher PG, Bernstein JA, Wheeler MT, Zornio PA, Waggott DM, Dries AM, Kohler JN, Dipple KM, Nelson SF, Palmer CG, Vilain E, Allard P, Dell Angelica EC, Lee H, Sinsheimer JS, Papp JC, Dorrani N, Herzog MR, Barseghyan H, Adams DR, Adams CJ, Burke EA, Chao KR, Davids M, Draper DD, Estwick T, Frisby TS, Frost K, Gahl WA, Gartner V, Godfrey RA, Goheen M, Golas GA, Gordon MG, Groden CA, Gropman AL, Hackbarth ME, Hardee I, Johnston JM, Koehler AE, Latham L, Latour YL, Lau CYC, Lee PR, Levy DJ, Liebendorder AP, Macnamara EF, Maduro VV, Malicdan MV, Markello TC, McCarty AJ, Murphy JL, Nehrebecky ME, Novacic D, Pusey BN, Sadozai S, Schaffer KE, Sharma P, Soldatos AG, Thomas SP, Tifft CJ, Tolman NJ, Toro C, Valivullah ZM, Wahl CE, Warburton M, Weech AA, Wolfe LA, Yu G, Hamid R, Newman JH, Phillips JA, Cogan JD. De Novo Truncating Variants in ASXL2 Are Associated with a Unique and Recognizable Clinical Phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:991-999. [PMID: 27693232 PMCID: PMC5065681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ASXL genes (ASXL1, ASXL2, and ASXL3) participate in body patterning during embryogenesis and encode proteins involved in epigenetic regulation and assembly of transcription factors to specific genomic loci. Germline de novo truncating variants in ASXL1 and ASXL3 have been respectively implicated in causing Bohring-Opitz and Bainbridge-Ropers syndromes, which result in overlapping features of severe intellectual disability and dysmorphic features. ASXL2 has not yet been associated with a human Mendelian disorder. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing in six unrelated probands with developmental delay, macrocephaly, and dysmorphic features. All six had de novo truncating variants in ASXL2. A careful review enabled the recognition of a specific phenotype consisting of macrocephaly, prominent eyes, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, a glabellar nevus flammeus, neonatal feeding difficulties, hypotonia, and developmental disabilities. Although overlapping features with Bohring-Opitz and Bainbridge-Ropers syndromes exist, features that distinguish the ASXL2-associated condition from ASXL1- and ASXL3-related disorders are macrocephaly, absence of growth retardation, and more variability in the degree of intellectual disabilities. We were also able to demonstrate with mRNA studies that these variants are likely to exert a dominant-negative effect, given that both alleles are expressed in blood and the mutated ASXL2 transcripts escape nonsense-mediated decay. In conclusion, de novo truncating variants in ASXL2 underlie a neurodevelopmental syndrome with a clinically recognizable phenotype. This report expands the germline disorders that are linked to the ASXL genes.
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21
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Rasouly HM, Kumar S, Chan S, Pisarek-Horowitz A, Sharma R, Xi QJ, Nishizaki Y, Higashi Y, Salant DJ, Maas RL, Lu W. Loss of Zeb2 in mesenchyme-derived nephrons causes primary glomerulocystic disease. Kidney Int 2016; 90:1262-1273. [PMID: 27591083 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary glomerulocystic kidney disease is a special form of renal cystic disorder characterized by Bowman's space dilatation in the absence of tubular cysts. ZEB2 is a SMAD-interacting transcription factor involved in Mowat-Wilson syndrome, a congenital disorder with an increased risk for kidney anomalies. Here we show that deletion of Zeb2 in mesenchyme-derived nephrons with either Pax2-cre or Six2-cre causes primary glomerulocystic kidney disease without tubular cysts in mice. Glomerulotubular junction analysis revealed many atubular glomeruli in the kidneys of Zeb2 knockout mice, which explains the presence of glomerular cysts in the absence of tubular dilatation. Gene expression analysis showed decreased expression of early proximal tubular markers in the kidneys of Zeb2 knockout mice preceding glomerular cyst formation, suggesting that defects in proximal tubule development during early nephrogenesis contribute to the formation of congenital atubular glomeruli. At the molecular level, Zeb2 deletion caused aberrant expression of Pkd1, Hnf1β, and Glis3, three genes causing glomerular cysts. Thus, Zeb2 regulates the morphogenesis of mesenchyme-derived nephrons and is required for proximal tubule development and glomerulotubular junction formation. Our findings also suggest that ZEB2 might be a novel disease gene in patients with primary glomerular cystic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Milo Rasouly
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Graduate Program in Genomics and Genetics, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefanie Chan
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Pisarek-Horowitz
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richa Sharma
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiongchao J Xi
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuriko Nishizaki
- Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yujiro Higashi
- Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - David J Salant
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weining Lu
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Graduate Program in Genomics and Genetics, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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22
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Brinkley JF, Fisher S, Harris MP, Holmes G, Hooper JE, Jabs EW, Jones KL, Kesselman C, Klein OD, Maas RL, Marazita ML, Selleri L, Spritz RA, van Bakel H, Visel A, Williams TJ, Wysocka J, Chai Y. The FaceBase Consortium: a comprehensive resource for craniofacial researchers. Development 2016; 143:2677-88. [PMID: 27287806 PMCID: PMC4958338 DOI: 10.1242/dev.135434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The FaceBase Consortium, funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, is designed to accelerate understanding of craniofacial developmental biology by generating comprehensive data resources to empower the research community, exploring high-throughput technology, fostering new scientific collaborations among researchers and human/computer interactions, facilitating hypothesis-driven research and translating science into improved health care to benefit patients. The resources generated by the FaceBase projects include a number of dynamic imaging modalities, genome-wide association studies, software tools for analyzing human facial abnormalities, detailed phenotyping, anatomical and molecular atlases, global and specific gene expression patterns, and transcriptional profiling over the course of embryonic and postnatal development in animal models and humans. The integrated data visualization tools, faceted search infrastructure, and curation provided by the FaceBase Hub offer flexible and intuitive ways to interact with these multidisciplinary data. In parallel, the datasets also offer unique opportunities for new collaborations and training for researchers coming into the field of craniofacial studies. Here, we highlight the focus of each spoke project and the integration of datasets contributed by the spokes to facilitate craniofacial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Brinkley
- Structural Informatics Group, Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shannon Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Greg Holmes
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joan E Hooper
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethylin Wang Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carl Kesselman
- Information Sciences Institute, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Licia Selleri
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Richard A Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Axel Visel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Trevor J Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joanna Wysocka
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology and of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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23
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Cassa CA, Smith SE, Docken W, Hoffman E, McLaughlin H, Chun S, Leshchiner I, Miraoui H, Raychaudhuri S, Frank NY, Wilson BJ, Sunyaev SR, Maas RL, Vuzman D. An argument for early genomic sequencing in atypical cases: a WISP3 variant leads to diagnosis of progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy of childhood. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55:586-9. [PMID: 26493744 PMCID: PMC5009447 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Cassa
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Stacy E. Smith
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School
| | - William Docken
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
- Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston
| | - Erin Hoffman
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
| | - Heather McLaughlin
- Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Medicine, Cambridge
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School
| | - Sung Chun
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Hichem Miraoui
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Natasha Y. Frank
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Shamil R. Sunyaev
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
| | - the Brigham Genomic Medicine
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
- Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School
- Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston
- Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Medicine, Cambridge
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dana Vuzman
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
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24
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Zhang Y, Fan J, Ho JWK, Hu T, Kneeland SC, Fan X, Xi Q, Sellarole MA, de Vries WN, Lu W, Lachke SA, Lang RA, John SWM, Maas RL. Crim1 regulates integrin signaling in murine lens development. J Cell Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.186437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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25
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Mukherjee K, Ishii K, Pillalamarri V, Kammin T, Atkin JF, Hickey SE, Xi QJ, Zepeda CJ, Gusella JF, Talkowski ME, Morton CC, Maas RL, Liao EC. Actin capping protein CAPZB regulates cell morphology, differentiation, and neural crest migration in craniofacial morphogenesis†. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1255-70. [PMID: 26758871 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CAPZB is an actin-capping protein that caps the growing end of F-actin and modulates the cytoskeleton and tethers actin filaments to the Z-line of the sarcomere in muscles. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subject with micrognathia, cleft palate and hypotonia that harbored a de novo, balanced chromosomal translocation that disrupts the CAPZB gene. The function of capzb was analyzed in the zebrafish model. capzb(-/-) mutants exhibit both craniofacial and muscle defects that recapitulate the phenotypes observed in the human subject. Loss of capzb affects cell morphology, differentiation and neural crest migration. Differentiation of both myogenic stem cells and neural crest cells requires capzb. During palate morphogenesis, defective cranial neural crest cell migration in capzb(-/-) mutants results in loss of the median cell population, creating a cleft phenotype. capzb is also required for trunk neural crest migration, as evident from melanophores disorganization in capzb(-/-) mutants. In addition, capzb over-expression results in embryonic lethality. Therefore, proper capzb dosage is important during embryogenesis, and regulates both cell behavior and tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusumika Mukherjee
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kana Ishii
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vamsee Pillalamarri
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tammy Kammin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
| | - Joan F Atkin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Scott E Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Qiongchao J Xi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - James F Gusella
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Department of Pathology and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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26
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Zhang Y, Fan J, Ho JWK, Hu T, Kneeland SC, Fan X, Xi Q, Sellarole MA, de Vries WN, Lu W, Lachke SA, Lang RA, John SWM, Maas RL. Crim1 regulates integrin signaling in murine lens development. Development 2015; 143:356-66. [PMID: 26681494 PMCID: PMC4725338 DOI: 10.1242/dev.125591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The developing lens is a powerful system for investigating the molecular basis of inductive tissue interactions and for studying cataract, the leading cause of blindness. The formation of tightly controlled cell-cell adhesions and cell-matrix junctions between lens epithelial (LE) cells, between lens fiber (LF) cells, and between these two cell populations enables the vertebrate lens to adopt a highly ordered structure and acquire optical transparency. Adhesion molecules are thought to maintain this ordered structure, but little is known about their identity or interactions. Cysteine-rich motor neuron 1 (Crim1), a type I transmembrane protein, is strongly expressed in the developing lens and its mutation causes ocular disease in both mice and humans. How Crim1 regulates lens morphogenesis is not understood. We identified a novel ENU-induced hypomorphic allele of Crim1, Crim1glcr11, which in the homozygous state causes cataract and microphthalmia. Using this and two other mutant alleles, Crim1null and Crim1cko, we show that the lens defects in Crim1 mouse mutants originate from defective LE cell polarity, proliferation and cell adhesion. Crim1 adhesive function is likely to be required for interactions both between LE cells and between LE and LF cells. We show that Crim1 acts in LE cells, where it colocalizes with and regulates the levels of active β1 integrin and of phosphorylated FAK and ERK. The RGD and transmembrane motifs of Crim1 are required for regulating FAK phosphorylation. These results identify an important function for Crim1 in the regulation of integrin- and FAK-mediated LE cell adhesion during lens development. Summary: Crim1, a type I transmembrane protein, acts in lens epithelial cells where it colocalizes with and regulates the levels of active β1 integrin to control cell adhesion during mouse lens morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jieqing Fan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joshua W K Ho
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Center for Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, and The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Tommy Hu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen C Kneeland
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Xueping Fan
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Qiongchao Xi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael A Sellarole
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, and The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Wilhelmine N de Vries
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, and The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Weining Lu
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Richard A Lang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Simon W M John
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, and The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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27
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Li G, Xu F, Zhu J, Krawczyk M, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Patel S, Wang Y, Lin Y, Zhang M, Cai H, Chen D, Zhang M, Cao G, Yeh E, Lin D, Su Q, Li WW, Sen GL, Afshari N, Chen S, Maas RL, Fu XD, Zhang K, Liu Y, Ouyang H. Transcription Factor PAX6 (Paired Box 6) Controls Limbal Stem Cell Lineage in Development and Disease. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:20448-54. [PMID: 26045558 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PAX6 is a master regulatory gene involved in neuronal cell fate specification. It also plays a critical role in early eye field and subsequent limbal stem cell (LSC) determination during eye development. Defects in Pax6 cause aniridia and LSC deficiency in humans and the Sey (Small eye) phenotype in mice (Massé, K., Bhamra, S., Eason, R., Dale, N., and Jones, E. A. (2007) Nature 449, 1058-1062). However, how PAX6 specifies LSC and corneal fates during eye development is not well understood. Here, we show that PAX6 is expressed in the primitive eye cup and later in corneal tissue progenitors in early embryonic development. In contrast, p63 expression commences after that of PAX6 in ocular adnexal and skin tissue progenitors and later in LSCs. Using an in vitro feeder-free culture system, we show that PAX6 knockdown in LSCs led to up-regulation of skin epidermis-specific keratins concomitant with differentiation to a skin fate. Using gene expression analysis, we identified the involvement of Notch, Wnt, and TGF-β signaling pathways in LSC fate determination. Thus, loss of PAX6 converts LSCs to epidermal stem cells, as demonstrated by a switch in the keratin gene expression profile and by the appearance of congenital dermoid tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fan Xu
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Michal Krawczyk
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Ying Zhang
- the Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jin Yuan
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sherrinal Patel
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Yujuan Wang
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ying Lin
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Huimin Cai
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China, Guangzhou KangRui Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Company Limited, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Daniel Chen
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Meixia Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guiqun Cao
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China, the Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Emily Yeh
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Danni Lin
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Qiao Su
- the Laboratory Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, and
| | - Wen-wen Li
- the Laboratory Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, and
| | - George L Sen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Natalie Afshari
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0838
| | - Richard L Maas
- the Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | | | - Kang Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China, the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China, the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0838, the Veterans Administration Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161
| | - Yizhi Liu
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China, the Department of Ophthalmology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Institute for Engineering in Medicine
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28
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Quintero-Rivera F, Xi QJ, Keppler-Noreuil KM, Lee JH, Higgins AW, Anchan RM, Roberts AE, Seong IS, Fan X, Lage K, Lu LY, Tao J, Hu X, Berezney R, Gelb BD, Kamp A, Moskowitz IP, Lacro RV, Lu W, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Maas RL. MATR3 disruption in human and mouse associated with bicuspid aortic valve, aortic coarctation and patent ductus arteriosus. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2375-89. [PMID: 25574029 PMCID: PMC4380077 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) defects represent a common but heterogeneous subset of congenital heart disease for which gene identification has been difficult. We describe a 46,XY,t(1;5)(p36.11;q31.2)dn translocation carrier with pervasive developmental delay who also exhibited LVOT defects, including bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The 1p breakpoint disrupts the 5′ UTR of AHDC1, which encodes AT-hook DNA-binding motif containing-1 protein, and AHDC1-truncating mutations have recently been described in a syndrome that includes developmental delay, but not congenital heart disease [Xia, F., Bainbridge, M.N., Tan, T.Y., Wangler, M.F., Scheuerle, A.E., Zackai, E.H., Harr, M.H., Sutton, V.R., Nalam, R.L., Zhu, W. et al. (2014) De Novo truncating mutations in AHDC1 in individuals with syndromic expressive language delay, hypotonia, and sleep apnea. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 94, 784–789]. On the other hand, the 5q translocation breakpoint disrupts the 3′ UTR of MATR3, which encodes the nuclear matrix protein Matrin 3, and mouse Matr3 is strongly expressed in neural crest, developing heart and great vessels, whereas Ahdc1 is not. To further establish MATR3 3′ UTR disruption as the cause of the proband's LVOT defects, we prepared a mouse Matr3Gt-ex13 gene trap allele that disrupted the 3′ portion of the gene. Matr3Gt-ex13 homozygotes are early embryo lethal, but Matr3Gt-ex13 heterozygotes exhibit incompletely penetrant BAV, CoA and PDA phenotypes similar to those in the human proband, as well as ventricular septal defect (VSD) and double-outlet right ventricle (DORV). Both the human MATR3 translocation breakpoint and the mouse Matr3Gt-ex13 gene trap insertion disturb the polyadenylation of MATR3 transcripts and alter Matrin 3 protein expression, quantitatively or qualitatively. Thus, subtle perturbations in Matrin 3 expression appear to cause similar LVOT defects in human and mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kim M Keppler-Noreuil
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne W Higgins
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond M Anchan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy E Roberts
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ihn Sik Seong
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueping Fan
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kasper Lage
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lily Y Lu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine
| | - Joanna Tao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine
| | - Xuchen Hu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine
| | - Ronald Berezney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Anna Kamp
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA and
| | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA and
| | | | - Weining Lu
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James F Gusella
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,
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Anchan RM, Lachke SA, Gerami-Naini B, Lindsey J, Ng N, Naber C, Nickerson M, Cavallesco R, Rowan S, Eaton JL, Xi Q, Maas RL. Pax6- and Six3-mediated induction of lens cell fate in mouse and human ES cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115106. [PMID: 25517354 PMCID: PMC4269389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells provide a potentially useful in vitro model for the study of in vivo tissue differentiation. We used mouse and human ES cells to investigate whether the lens regulatory genes Pax6 and Six3 could induce lens cell fate in vitro. To help assess the onset of lens differentiation, we derived a new mES cell line (Pax6-GFP mES) that expresses a GFP reporter under the control of the Pax6 P0 promoter and lens ectoderm enhancer. Pax6 or Six3 expression vectors were introduced into mES or hES cells by transfection or lentiviral infection and the differentiating ES cells analyzed for lens marker expression. Transfection of mES cells with Pax6 or Six3 but not with other genes induced the expression of lens cell markers and up-regulated GFP reporter expression in Pax6-GFP mES cells by 3 days post-transfection. By 7 days post-transfection, mES cell cultures exhibited a>10-fold increase over controls in the number of colonies expressing γA-crystallin, a lens fiber cell differentiation marker. RT-PCR and immunostaining revealed induction of additional lens epithelial or fiber cell differentiation markers including Foxe3, Prox1, α- and β-crystallins, and Tdrd7. Moreover, γA-crystallin- or Prox1-expressing lentoid bodies formed by 30 days in culture. In hES cells, Pax6 or Six3 lentiviral vectors also induced lens marker expression. mES cells that express lens markers reside close to but are distinct from the Pax6 or Six3 transduced cells, suggesting that the latter induce nearby undifferentiated ES cells to adopt a lens fate by non-cell autonomous mechanisms. In sum, we describe a novel mES cell GFP reporter line that is useful for monitoring induction of lens fate, and demonstrate that Pax6 or Six3 is sufficient to induce ES cells to adopt a lens fate, potentially via non-cell autonomous mechanisms. These findings should facilitate investigations of lens development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond M. Anchan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Salil A. Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 9716, United States of America
| | - Behzad Gerami-Naini
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Lindsey
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Ng
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Catherine Naber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Michael Nickerson
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Resy Cavallesco
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Sheldon Rowan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Eaton
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Qiongchao Xi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States of America
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA, ; ,
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Tasoglu S, Safaee H, Zhang X, Kingsley JL, Catalano PN, Gurkan UA, Nureddin A, Kayaalp E, Anchan RM, Maas RL, Tüzel E, Demirci U. Exhaustion of racing sperm in nature-mimicking microfluidic channels during sorting. Small 2013; 9:3374-84. [PMID: 23677651 PMCID: PMC3821799 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is central to the survival and propagation of a species, however, the precise mechanisms that regulate the sperm's journey to the egg are not well understood. In nature, the sperm has to swim through the cervical mucus, akin to a microfluidic channel. Inspired by this, a simple, cost-effective microfluidic channel is designed on the same scale. The experimental results are supported by a computational model incorporating the exhaustion time of sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savas Tasoglu
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hooman Safaee
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James L. Kingsley
- Department of Physics, 100 Institute Road, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Paolo N. Catalano
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Umut Atakan Gurkan
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aida Nureddin
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emre Kayaalp
- Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Raymond M. Anchan
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erkan Tüzel
- Department of Physics, 100 Institute Road, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Arbab M, Mahony S, Cho H, Chick JM, Rolfe PA, van Hoff JP, Morris VW, Gygi SP, Maas RL, Gifford DK, Sherwood RI. A multi-parametric flow cytometric assay to analyze DNA-protein interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 41:e38. [PMID: 23143268 PMCID: PMC3554230 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between DNA and transcription factors (TFs) guide cellular function and
development, yet the complexities of gene regulation are still far from being understood.
Such understanding is limited by a paucity of techniques with which to probe
DNA–protein interactions. We have devised magnetic protein immobilization on
enhancer DNA (MagPIE), a simple, rapid, multi-parametric assay using flow cytometric
immunofluorescence to reveal interactions among TFs, chromatin structure and DNA. In
MagPIE, synthesized DNA is bound to magnetic beads, which are then incubated with nuclear
lysate, permitting sequence-specific binding by TFs, histones and methylation by native
lysate factors that can be optionally inhibited with small molecules. Lysate
protein–DNA binding is monitored by flow cytometric immunofluorescence, which allows
for accurate comparative measurement of TF-DNA affinity. Combinatorial fluorescent
staining allows simultaneous analysis of sequence-specific TF-DNA interaction and
chromatin modification. MagPIE provides a simple and robust method to analyze complex
epigenetic interactions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Arbab
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaun Mahony
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hyunjii Cho
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joel M. Chick
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - P. Alexander Rolfe
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John Peter van Hoff
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viveca W.S. Morris
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven P. Gygi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David K. Gifford
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard I. Sherwood
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA
02115, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 and Department of Cell Biology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel:
+1 617 525 4772; Fax: +1 617 525 4751;
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Nusinow DP, Kiezun A, O'Connell DJ, Chick JM, Yue Y, Maas RL, Gygi SP, Sunyaev SR. Network-based inference from complex proteomic mixtures using SNIPE. Bioinformatics 2012; 28:3115-22. [PMID: 23060611 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Proteomics presents the opportunity to provide novel insights about the global biochemical state of a tissue. However, a significant problem with current methods is that shotgun proteomics has limited success at detecting many low abundance proteins, such as transcription factors from complex mixtures of cells and tissues. The ability to assay for these proteins in the context of the entire proteome would be useful in many areas of experimental biology. RESULTS We used network-based inference in an approach named SNIPE (Software for Network Inference of Proteomics Experiments) that selectively highlights proteins that are more likely to be active but are otherwise undetectable in a shotgun proteomic sample. SNIPE integrates spectral counts from paired case-control samples over a network neighbourhood and assesses the statistical likelihood of enrichment by a permutation test. As an initial application, SNIPE was able to select several proteins required for early murine tooth development. Multiple lines of additional experimental evidence confirm that SNIPE can uncover previously unreported transcription factors in this system. We conclude that SNIPE can enhance the utility of shotgun proteomics data to facilitate the study of poorly detected proteins in complex mixtures. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION An implementation for the R statistical computing environment named snipeR has been made freely available at http://genetics.bwh.harvard.edu/snipe/. CONTACT ssunyaev@rics.bwh.harvard.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Nusinow
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Jumlongras D, Lachke SA, O’Connell DJ, Aboukhalil A, Li X, Choe SE, Ho JWK, Turbe-Doan A, Robertson EA, Olsen BR, Bulyk ML, Amendt BA, Maas RL. An evolutionarily conserved enhancer regulates Bmp4 expression in developing incisor and limb bud. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38568. [PMID: 22701669 PMCID: PMC3373496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the transcriptional regulation of Bmp4 expression during organogenesis, we used phylogenetic footprinting and transgenic reporter analyses to identify Bmp4 cis-regulatory modules (CRMs). These analyses identified a regulatory region located ∼46 kb upstream of the mouse Bmp4 transcription start site that had previously been shown to direct expression in lateral plate mesoderm. We refined this regulatory region to a 396-bp minimal enhancer, and show that it recapitulates features of endogenous Bmp4 expression in developing mandibular arch ectoderm and incisor epithelium during the initiation-stage of tooth development. In addition, this enhancer directs expression in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) of the developing limb and in anterior and posterior limb mesenchyme. Transcript profiling of E11.5 mouse incisor dental lamina, together with protein binding microarray (PBM) analyses, allowed identification of a conserved DNA binding motif in the Bmp4 enhancer for Pitx homeoproteins, which are also expressed in the developing mandibular and incisor epithelium. In vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and in vivo transgenic reporter mutational analyses revealed that this site supports Pitx binding and that the site is necessary to recapitulate aspects of endogenous Bmp4 expression in developing craniofacial and limb tissues. Finally, Pitx2 chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) demonstrated direct binding of Pitx2 to this Bmp4 enhancer site in a dental epithelial cell line. These results establish a direct molecular regulatory link between Pitx family members and Bmp4 gene expression in developing incisor epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolrudee Jumlongras
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Salil A. Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. O’Connell
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anton Aboukhalil
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sung E. Choe
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joshua W. K. Ho
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Annick Turbe-Doan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Erin A. Robertson
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bjorn R. Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martha L. Bulyk
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brad A. Amendt
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
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Lachke SA, Ho JWK, Kryukov GV, O'Connell DJ, Aboukhalil A, Bulyk ML, Park PJ, Maas RL. iSyTE: integrated Systems Tool for Eye gene discovery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53:1617-27. [PMID: 22323457 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To facilitate the identification of genes associated with cataract and other ocular defects, the authors developed and validated a computational tool termed iSyTE (integrated Systems Tool for Eye gene discovery; http://bioinformatics.udel.edu/Research/iSyTE). iSyTE uses a mouse embryonic lens gene expression data set as a bioinformatics filter to select candidate genes from human or mouse genomic regions implicated in disease and to prioritize them for further mutational and functional analyses. METHODS Microarray gene expression profiles were obtained for microdissected embryonic mouse lens at three key developmental time points in the transition from the embryonic day (E)10.5 stage of lens placode invagination to E12.5 lens primary fiber cell differentiation. Differentially regulated genes were identified by in silico comparison of lens gene expression profiles with those of whole embryo body (WB) lacking ocular tissue. RESULTS Gene set analysis demonstrated that this strategy effectively removes highly expressed but nonspecific housekeeping genes from lens tissue expression profiles, allowing identification of less highly expressed lens disease-associated genes. Among 24 previously mapped human genomic intervals containing genes associated with isolated congenital cataract, the mutant gene is ranked within the top two iSyTE-selected candidates in approximately 88% of cases. Finally, in situ hybridization confirmed lens expression of several novel iSyTE-identified genes. CONCLUSIONS iSyTE is a publicly available Web resource that can be used to prioritize candidate genes within mapped genomic intervals associated with congenital cataract for further investigation. Extension of this approach to other ocular tissue components will facilitate eye disease gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil A Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard edical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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O'Connell DJ, Ho JWK, Mammoto T, Turbe-Doan A, O'Connell JT, Haseley PS, Koo S, Kamiya N, Ingber DE, Park PJ, Maas RL. A Wnt-bmp feedback circuit controls intertissue signaling dynamics in tooth organogenesis. Sci Signal 2012; 5:ra4. [PMID: 22234613 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many vertebrate organs form through the sequential and reciprocal exchange of signaling molecules between juxtaposed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. We undertook a systems biology approach that combined the generation and analysis of large-scale spatiotemporal gene expression data with mouse genetic experiments to gain insight into the mechanisms that control epithelial-mesenchymal signaling interactions in the developing mouse molar tooth. We showed that the shift in instructive signaling potential from dental epithelium to dental mesenchyme was accompanied by temporally coordinated genome-wide changes in gene expression in both compartments. To identify the mechanism responsible, we developed a probabilistic technique that integrates regulatory evidence from gene expression data and from the literature to reconstruct a gene regulatory network for the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments in early tooth development. By integrating these epithelial and mesenchymal gene regulatory networks through the action of diffusible extracellular signaling molecules, we identified a key epithelial-mesenchymal intertissue Wnt-Bmp (bone morphogenetic protein) feedback circuit. We then validated this circuit in vivo with compound genetic mutations in mice that disrupted this circuit. Moreover, mathematical modeling demonstrated that the structure of the circuit accounted for the observed reciprocal signaling dynamics. Thus, we have identified a critical signaling circuit that controls the coordinated genome-wide expression changes and reciprocal signaling molecule dynamics that occur in interacting epithelial and mesenchymal compartments during organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J O'Connell
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhang X, Khimji I, Shao L, Safaee H, Desai K, Keles HO, Gurkan UA, Kayaalp E, Nureddin A, Anchan RM, Maas RL, Demirci U. Nanoliter droplet vitrification for oocyte cryopreservation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 7:553-64. [PMID: 22188180 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Oocyte cryopreservation remains largely experimental, with live birth rates of only 2-4% per thawed oocyte. In this study, we present a nanoliter droplet technology for oocyte vitrification. MATERIALS & METHODS An ejector-based droplet vitrification system was designed to continuously cryopreserve oocytes in nanoliter droplets. Oocyte survival rates, morphologies and parthenogenetic development after each vitrification step were assessed in comparison with fresh oocytes. RESULTS Oocytes were retrieved after cryoprotectant agent loading/unloading, and nanoliter droplet encapsulation showed comparable survival rates to fresh oocytes after 24 h in culture. Also, oocytes recovered after vitrification/thawing showed similar morphologies to those of fresh oocytes. Additionally, the rate of oocyte parthenogenetic activation after nanoliter droplet encapsulation was comparable with that observed for fresh oocytes. This nanoliter droplet technology enables the vitrification of oocytes at higher cooling and warming rates using lower cryoprotectant agent levels (i.e., 1.4 M ethylene glycol, 1.1 M dimethyl sulfoxide and 1 M sucrose), thus making it a potential technology to improve oocyte cryopreservation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Demirci Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kasaikina MV, Fomenko DE, Labunskyy VM, Lachke SA, Qiu W, Moncaster JA, Zhang J, Wojnarowicz MW, Natarajan SK, Malinouski M, Schweizer U, Tsuji PA, Carlson BA, Maas RL, Lou MF, Goldstein LE, Hatfield DL, Gladyshev VN. Roles of the 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) in redox homeostasis and cataract development revealed by the analysis of Sep 15 knockout mice. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:33203-12. [PMID: 21768092 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.259218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) is a thioredoxin-like, endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein involved in the quality control of glycoprotein folding through its interaction with UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase. Expression of Sep15 is regulated by dietary selenium and the unfolded protein response, but its specific function is not known. In this study, we developed and characterized Sep15 KO mice by targeted removal of exon 2 of the Sep15 gene coding for the cysteine-rich UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase-binding domain. These KO mice synthesized a mutant mRNA, but the shortened protein product could be detected neither in tissues nor in Sep15 KO embryonic fibroblasts. Sep15 KO mice were viable and fertile, showed normal brain morphology, and did not activate endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. However, parameters of oxidative stress were elevated in the livers of these mice. We found that Sep15 mRNA was enriched during lens development. Further phenotypic characterization of Sep15 KO mice revealed a prominent nuclear cataract that developed at an early age. These cataracts did not appear to be associated with severe oxidative stress or glucose dysregulation. We suggest that the cataracts resulted from an improper folding status of lens proteins caused by Sep15 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Kasaikina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Lachke SA, Higgins AW, Inagaki M, Saadi I, Xi Q, Long M, Quade BJ, Talkowski ME, Gusella JF, Fujimoto A, Robinson ML, Yang Y, Duong QT, Shapira I, Motro B, Miyoshi J, Takai Y, Morton CC, Maas RL. The cell adhesion gene PVRL3 is associated with congenital ocular defects. Hum Genet 2011; 131:235-50. [PMID: 21769484 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-1064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We describe a male patient (patient DGAP113) with a balanced translocation, 46,XY,t(1;3)(q31.3;q13.13), severe bilateral congenital cataracts, CNS abnormalities and mild developmental delay. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and suppression PCR demonstrated that the chromosome 3 breakpoint lies ~515 kb upstream of the PVRL3 gene, while the chromosome 1 breakpoint lies ~50 kb upstream of the NEK7 gene. Despite the fact that NEK7 is closer to a translocation breakpoint than PVRL3, NEK7 transcript levels are unaltered in patient DGAP113 lymphoblastoid cells and Nek7-deficient mice exhibit no detectable ocular phenotype. In contrast, the expression of PVRL3, which encodes the cell adhesion protein Nectin 3, is significantly reduced in patient DGAP113 lymphoblastoid cells, likely due to a position effect caused by the chromosomal translocation. Nectin 3 is expressed in the mouse embryonic ciliary body and lens. Moreover, Pvrl3 knockout mice as well as a spontaneous mouse mutant ari (anterior retinal inversion), that maps to the Pvrl3 locus, exhibit lens and other ocular defects involving the ciliary body. Collectively, these data identify PVRL3 as a critical gene involved in a Nectin-mediated cell-cell adhesion mechanism in human ocular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil A Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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40
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Saadi I, Alkuraya FS, Gisselbrecht SS, Goessling W, Cavallesco R, Turbe-Doan A, Petrin AL, Harris J, Siddiqui U, Grix AW, Hove HD, Leboulch P, Glover TW, Morton CC, Richieri-Costa A, Murray JC, Erickson RP, Maas RL. Deficiency of the cytoskeletal protein SPECC1L leads to oblique facial clefting. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:44-55. [PMID: 21703590 PMCID: PMC3135813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations responsible for oblique facial clefts (ObFC), a unique class of facial malformations, are largely unknown. We show that loss-of-function mutations in SPECC1L are pathogenic for this human developmental disorder and that SPECC1L is a critical organizer of vertebrate facial morphogenesis. During murine embryogenesis, Specc1l is expressed in cell populations of the developing facial primordial, which proliferate and fuse to form the face. In zebrafish, knockdown of a SPECC1L homolog produces a faceless phenotype with loss of jaw and facial structures, and knockdown in Drosophila phenocopies mutants in the integrin signaling pathway that exhibit cell-migration and -adhesion defects. Furthermore, in mammalian cells, SPECC1L colocalizes with both tubulin and actin, and its deficiency results in defective actin-cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as abnormal cell adhesion and migration. Collectively, these data demonstrate that SPECC1L functions in actin-cytoskeleton reorganization and is required for proper facial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Saadi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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41
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Lachke SA, Alkuraya FS, Kneeland SC, Ohn T, Aboukhalil A, Howell GR, Saadi I, Cavallesco R, Yue Y, Tsai ACH, Nair KS, Cosma MI, Smith RS, Hodges E, Alfadhli SM, Al-Hajeri A, Shamseldin HE, Behbehani A, Hannon GJ, Bulyk ML, Drack AV, Anderson PJ, John SWM, Maas RL. Mutations in the RNA granule component TDRD7 cause cataract and glaucoma. Science 2011; 331:1571-6. [PMID: 21436445 DOI: 10.1126/science.1195970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The precise transcriptional regulation of gene expression is essential for vertebrate development, but the role of posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms is less clear. Cytoplasmic RNA granules (RGs) function in the posttranscriptional control of gene expression, but the extent of RG involvement in organogenesis is unknown. We describe two human cases of pediatric cataract with loss-of-function mutations in TDRD7 and demonstrate that Tdrd7 nullizygosity in mouse causes cataracts, as well as glaucoma and an arrest in spermatogenesis. TDRD7 is a Tudor domain RNA binding protein that is expressed in lens fiber cells in distinct TDRD7-RGs that interact with STAU1-ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). TDRD7 coimmunoprecipitates with specific lens messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and is required for the posttranscriptional control of mRNAs that are critical to normal lens development and to RG function. These findings demonstrate a role for RGs in vertebrate organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil A Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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42
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Anchan RM, Quaas P, Gerami-Naini B, Bartake H, Griffin A, Zhou Y, Day D, Eaton JL, George LL, Naber C, Turbe-Doan A, Park PJ, Hornstein MD, Maas RL. Amniocytes can serve a dual function as a source of iPS cells and feeder layers. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:962-74. [PMID: 21156717 PMCID: PMC3033187 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical barriers to stem-cell therapy include the need for efficient derivation of histocompatible stem cells and the zoonotic risk inherent to human stem-cell xenoculture on mouse feeder cells. We describe a system for efficiently deriving induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from human and mouse amniocytes, and for maintaining the pluripotency of these iPS cells on mitotically inactivated feeder layers prepared from the same amniocytes. Both cellular components of this system are thus autologous to a single donor. Moreover, the use of human feeder cells reduces the risk of zoonosis. Generation of iPS cells using retroviral vectors from short- or long-term cultured human and mouse amniocytes using four factors, or two factors in mouse, occurs in 5-7 days with 0.5% efficiency. This efficiency is greater than that reported for mouse and human fibroblasts using similar viral infection approaches, and does not appear to result from selective reprogramming of Oct4(+) or c-Kit(+) amniocyte subpopulations. Derivation of amniocyte-derived iPS (AdiPS) cell colonies, which express pluripotency markers and exhibit appropriate microarray expression and DNA methylation properties, was facilitated by live immunostaining. AdiPS cells also generate embryoid bodies in vitro and teratomas in vivo. Furthermore, mouse and human amniocytes can serve as feeder layers for iPS cells and for mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) cells. Thus, human amniocytes provide an efficient source of autologous iPS cells and, as feeder cells, can also maintain iPS and ES cell pluripotency without the safety concerns associated with xenoculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond M. Anchan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Philipp Quaas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Behzad Gerami-Naini
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Bartake
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adam Griffin
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Yilan Zhou
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Day
- Medical Engineering and Medical Physics Graduate Program, Harvard-M.I.T. Division of Health Sciences and Technology, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and
| | - Jennifer L. Eaton
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liji L. George
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Catherine Naber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Annick Turbe-Doan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter J. Park
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Children's Hospital Informatics Programand Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark D. Hornstein
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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43
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Lachke SA, Maas RL. Building the developmental oculome: systems biology in vertebrate eye development and disease. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med 2011; 2:305-323. [PMID: 20836031 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate eye is a sophisticated multicomponent organ that has been actively studied for over a century, resulting in the identification of the major embryonic and molecular events involved in its complex developmental program. Data gathered so far provides sufficient information to construct a rudimentary network of the various signaling molecules, transcription factors, and their targets for several key stages of this process. With the advent of genomic technologies, there has been a rapid expansion in our ability to collect and process biological information, and the use of systems-level approaches to study specific aspects of vertebrate eye development has already commenced. This is beginning to result in the definition of the dynamic developmental networks that operate in ocular tissues, and the interactions of such networks between coordinately developing ocular tissues. Such an integrative understanding of the eye by a comprehensive systems-level analysis can be termed the 'oculome', and that of serial developmental stages of the eye as it transits from its initiation to a fully formed functional organ represents the 'developmental oculome'. Construction of the developmental oculome will allow novel mechanistic insights that are essential for organ regeneration-based therapeutic applications, and the generation of computational models for eye disease states to predict the effects of drugs. This review discusses our present understanding of two of the individual components of the developing vertebrate eye--the lens and retina--at both the molecular and systems levels, and outlines the directions and tools required for construction of the developmental oculome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil A Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Rowan S, Siggers T, Lachke SA, Yue Y, Bulyk ML, Maas RL. Precise temporal control of the eye regulatory gene Pax6 via enhancer-binding site affinity. Genes Dev 2010; 24:980-5. [PMID: 20413611 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1890410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
How transcription factors interpret the cis-regulatory logic encoded within enhancers to mediate quantitative changes in spatiotemporally restricted expression patterns during animal development is not well understood. Pax6 is a dosage-sensitive gene essential for eye development. Here, we identify the Prep1 (pKnox1) transcription factor as a critical dose-dependent upstream regulator of Pax6 expression during lens formation. We show that Prep1 activates the Pax6 lens enhancer by binding to two phylogenetically conserved lower-affinity DNA-binding sites. Finally, we describe a mechanism whereby Pax6 levels are determined by transcriptional synergy of Prep1 bound to the two sites, while timing of enhancer activation is determined by binding site affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon Rowan
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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45
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Song YS, Adler D, Xu F, Kayaalp E, Nureddin A, Anchan RM, Maas RL, Demirci U. Vitrification and levitation of a liquid droplet on liquid nitrogen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:4596-600. [PMID: 20176969 PMCID: PMC2826340 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914059107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitrification of a liquid occurs when ice crystal formation is prevented in the cryogenic environment through ultrarapid cooling. In general, vitrification entails a large temperature difference between the liquid and its surrounding medium. In our droplet vitrification experiments, we observed that such vitrification events are accompanied by a Leidenfrost phenomenon, which impedes the heat transfer to cool the liquid, when the liquid droplet comes into direct contact with liquid nitrogen. This is distinct from the more generally observed Leidenfrost phenomenon that occurs when a liquid droplet is self-vaporized on a hot plate. In the case of rapid cooling, the phase transition from liquid to vitrified solid (i.e., vitrification) and the levitation of droplets on liquid nitrogen (i.e., Leidenfrost phenomenon) take place simultaneously. Here, we investigate these two simultaneous physical events by using a theoretical model containing three dimensionless parameters (i.e., Stefan, Biot, and Fourier numbers). We explain theoretically and observe experimentally a threshold droplet radius during the vitrification of a cryoprotectant droplet in the presence of the Leidenfrost effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S. Song
- Bio-Acoustic-Microelectromechanical Systems in Medicine Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Douglas Adler
- Bio-Acoustic-Microelectromechanical Systems in Medicine Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Feng Xu
- Bio-Acoustic-Microelectromechanical Systems in Medicine Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Emre Kayaalp
- Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey 34755
| | - Aida Nureddin
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, and
| | - Raymond M. Anchan
- Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, and
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic-Microelectromechanical Systems in Medicine Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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Han J, Mayo J, Xu X, Li J, Bringas P, Maas RL, Rubenstein JLR, Chai Y. Indirect modulation of Shh signaling by Dlx5 affects the oral-nasal patterning of palate and rescues cleft palate in Msx1-null mice. Development 2010; 136:4225-33. [PMID: 19934017 DOI: 10.1242/dev.036723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cleft palate represents one of the most common congenital birth defects in human. During embryonic development, palatal shelves display oronasal (O-N) and anteroposterior polarity before the onset of fusion, but how the O-N pattern is established and how it relates to the expansion and fusion of the palatal shelves are unknown. Here we address these questions and show that O-N patterning is associated with the expansion and fusion of the palatal shelves and that Dlx5 is required for the O-N patterning of palatal mesenchyme. Loss of Dlx5 results in downregulation of Fgf7 and expanded Shh expression from the oral to the nasal side of the palatal shelf. This expanded Shh signaling is sufficient to restore palatal expansion and fusion in mice with compromised palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation, such as Msx1-null mutants. Exogenous Fgf7 inhibits Shh signaling and reverses the cranial neural crest (CNC) cell proliferation rescue in the Msx1/Dlx5 double knockout palatal mesenchyme. Thus, Dlx5-regulated Fgf7 signaling inhibits the expression of Shh, which in turn controls the fate of CNC cells through tissue-tissue interaction and plays a crucial role during palatogenesis. Our study shows that modulation of Shh signaling may be useful as a potential therapeutic approach for rescuing cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology School of Dentistry University of Southern California, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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47
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Nakatomi M, Wang XP, Key D, Lund JJ, Turbe-Doan A, Kist R, Aw A, Chen Y, Maas RL, Peters H. Genetic interactions between Pax9 and Msx1 regulate lip development and several stages of tooth morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2010; 340:438-49. [PMID: 20123092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Developmental abnormalities of craniofacial structures and teeth often occur sporadically and the underlying genetic defects are not well understood, in part due to unknown gene-gene interactions. Pax9 and Msx1 are co-expressed during craniofacial development, and mice that are single homozygous mutant for either gene exhibit cleft palate and an early arrest of tooth formation. Whereas in vitro assays have demonstrated that protein-protein interactions between Pax9 and Msx1 can occur, it is unclear if Pax9 and Msx1 interact genetically in vivo during development. To address this question, we compounded the Pax9 and Msx1 mutations and observed that double homozygous mutants exhibit an incompletely penetrant cleft lip phenotype. Moreover, in double heterozygous mutants, the lower incisors were consistently missing and we find that transgenic BMP4 expression partly rescues this phenotype. Reduced expression of Shh and Bmp2 indicates that a smaller "incisor field" forms in Pax9(+/-);Msx1(+/-) mutants, and dental epithelial growth is substantially reduced after the bud to cap stage transition. This defect is preceded by drastically reduced mesenchymal expression of Fgf3 and Fgf10, two genes that encode known stimulators of epithelial growth during odontogenesis. Consistent with this result, cell proliferation is reduced in both the dental epithelium and mesenchyme of double heterozygous mutants. Furthermore, the developing incisors lack mesenchymal Notch1 expression at the bud stage and exhibit abnormal ameloblast differentiation on both labial and lingual surfaces. Thus, Msx1 and Pax9 interact synergistically throughout lower incisor development and affect multiple signaling pathways that influence incisor size and symmetry. The data also suggest that a combined reduction of PAX9 and MSX1 gene dosage in humans may increase the risk for orofacial clefting and oligodontia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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48
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Wang XP, O'Connell DJ, Lund JJ, Saadi I, Kuraguchi M, Turbe-Doan A, Cavallesco R, Kim H, Park PJ, Harada H, Kucherlapati R, Maas RL. Apc inhibition of Wnt signaling regulates supernumerary tooth formation during embryogenesis and throughout adulthood. Development 2009; 136:1939-49. [PMID: 19429790 DOI: 10.1242/dev.033803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ablation of Apc function or the constitutive activation of beta-catenin in embryonic mouse oral epithelium results in supernumerary tooth formation, but the underlying mechanisms and whether adult tissues retain this potential are unknown. Here we show that supernumerary teeth can form from multiple regions of the jaw and that they are properly mineralized, vascularized, innervated and can start to form roots. Even adult dental tissues can form new teeth in response to either epithelial Apc loss-of-function or beta-catenin activation, and the effect of Apc deficiency is mediated by beta-catenin. The formation of supernumerary teeth via Apc loss-of-function is non-cell-autonomous. A small number of Apc-deficient cells is sufficient to induce surrounding wild-type epithelial and mesenchymal cells to participate in the formation of new teeth. Strikingly, Msx1, which is necessary for endogenous tooth development, is dispensable for supernumerary tooth formation. In addition, we identify Fgf8, a known tooth initiation marker, as a direct target of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. These studies identify key mechanistic features responsible for supernumerary tooth formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Maas RL, Triplett DA, Tholen D. Factor VIII assay proficiency assessment: experience in the USA. Scand J Haematol Suppl 2009; 41:109-20. [PMID: 6440277 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1984.tb02772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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50
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Burdon KP, Hattersley K, Lachke SA, Laurie KJ, Maas RL, Mackey DA, Craig JE. Investigation of eight candidate genes on chromosome 1p36 for autosomal dominant total congenital cataract. Mol Vis 2008; 14:1799-804. [PMID: 18843385 PMCID: PMC2563027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the causative gene for autosomal dominant total congenital cataract in a six-generation Australian family displaying linkage to chromosome 1p36. METHODS Eight candidate genes (HSPB7, FBXO42, EFHD2, ZBTB17, CAPZB, FBLIM1, ALDH4A1, and MFAP2) from within the previously defined linkage interval were selected based on expression in lens and their known or putative function. The coding exons were sequenced in multiple affected family members and compared to the reference sequence. RESULTS No segregating mutations were identified in any of the eight genes. Thirty-one polymorphisms were detected, 20 of which were in the exons and 11 in the flanking introns. CONCLUSIONS Coding mutations in HSPB7, FBXO42, EFHD2, ZBTB17, CAPZB, FBLIM1, ALDH4A1, and MFAP2 do not account for congenital cataract in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn P. Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Salil A. Lachke
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA
| | - Kate J. Laurie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard L. Maas
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA
| | - David A. Mackey
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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