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Zimmer C, Jimeno B, Martin LB. HPA flexibility and FKBP5: promising physiological targets for conservation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220512. [PMID: 38310934 PMCID: PMC10838639 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) flexibility is an emerging concept recognizing that individuals that will cope best with stressors will probably be those using their hormones in the most adaptive way. The HPA flexibility concept considers glucocorticoids as molecules that convey information about the environment from the brain to the body so that the organismal phenotype comes to complement prevailing conditions. In this context, FKBP5 protein appears to set the extent to which circulating glucocorticoid concentrations can vary within and across stressors. Thus, FKBP5 expression, and the HPA flexibility it causes, seem to represent an individual's ability to regulate its hormones to orchestrate organismal responses to stressors. As FKBP5 expression can also be easily measured in blood, it could be a worthy target of conservation-oriented research attention. We first review the known and likely roles of HPA flexibility and FKBP5 in wildlife. We then describe putative genetic, environmental and epigenetic causes of variation in HPA flexibility and FKBP5 expression among and within individuals. Finally, we hypothesize how HPA flexibility and FKBP5 expression should affect organismal fitness and hence population viability in response to human-induced rapid environmental changes, particularly urbanization. This article is part of the theme issue 'Endocrine responses to environmental variation: conceptual approaches and recent developments'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Zimmer
- Laboratoire d'Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée, LEEC, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UR 4443, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Blanca Jimeno
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), CSIC, Avenida Nuestra Señora de la Victoria, 16, 22700 Jaca, Spain
| | - Lynn B. Martin
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research and Center for Genomics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Todd N, McNally R, Alqudah A, Jerotic D, Suvakov S, Obradovic D, Hoch D, Hombrebueno JR, Campos GL, Watson CJ, Gojnic-Dugalic M, Simic TP, Krasnodembskaya A, Desoye G, Eastwood KA, Hunter AJ, Holmes VA, McCance DR, Young IS, Grieve DJ, Kenny LC, Garovic VD, Robson T, McClements L. Role of A Novel Angiogenesis FKBPL-CD44 Pathway in Preeclampsia Risk Stratification and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:26-41. [PMID: 32617576 PMCID: PMC7765643 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Preeclampsia is a leading cardiovascular complication in pregnancy lacking effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic target potential of the angiogenesis proteins, FK506-binding protein like (FKBPL) and CD44. DESIGN AND INTERVENTION FKBPL and CD44 plasma concentration or placental expression were determined in women pre- or postdiagnosis of preeclampsia. Trophoblast and endothelial cell function was assessed following mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment and in the context of FKBPL signaling. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS Human samples prediagnosis (15 and 20 weeks of gestation; n ≥ 57), or postdiagnosis (n = 18 for plasma; n = 4 for placenta) of preeclampsia were used to determine FKBPL and CD44 levels, compared to healthy controls. Trophoblast or endothelial cells were exposed to low/high oxygen, and treated with MSC-conditioned media (MSC-CM) or a FKBPL overexpression plasmid. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Preeclampsia risk stratification and diagnostic potential of FKBPL and CD44 were investigated. MSC treatment effects and FKBPL-CD44 signaling in trophoblast and endothelial cells were assessed. RESULTS The CD44/FKBPL ratio was reduced in placenta and plasma following clinical diagnosis of preeclampsia. At 20 weeks of gestation, a high plasma CD44/FKBPL ratio was independently associated with the 2.3-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-5.23, P = 0.04). In combination with high mean arterial blood pressure (>82.5 mmHg), the risk further increased to 3.9-fold (95% CI 1.30-11.84, P = 0.016). Both hypoxia and MSC-based therapy inhibited FKBPL-CD44 signaling, enhancing cell angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The FKBPL-CD44 pathway appears to have a central role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, showing promising utilities for early diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Todd
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ross McNally
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Abdelrahim Alqudah
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- The School of Pharmacy, The Hashemite University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Sonja Suvakov
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | | | - Denise Hoch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jose R Hombrebueno
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Guillermo Lopez Campos
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chris J Watson
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | | | - Anna Krasnodembskaya
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kelly-Ann Eastwood
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Royal Jubilee Maternity Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alyson J Hunter
- Royal Jubilee Maternity Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Valerie A Holmes
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - David R McCance
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ian S Young
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - David J Grieve
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Louise C Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Foetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Vesna D Garovic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Lana McClements
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Lana McClements, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia. E-mail:
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Januszewski AS, Watson CJ, O'Neill V, McDonald K, Ledwidge M, Robson T, Jenkins AJ, Keech AC, McClements L. FKBPL is associated with metabolic parameters and is a novel determinant of cardiovascular disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21655. [PMID: 33303872 PMCID: PMC7730138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As disturbed angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction are strongly implicated in T2D and CVD, we aimed to investigate the association between a novel anti-angiogenic protein, FK506-binding protein like (FKBPL), and these diseases. Plasma FKBPL was quantified by ELISA cross-sectionally in 353 adults, consisting of 234 T2D and 119 non-diabetic subjects with/without CVD, matched for age, BMI and gender. FKBPL levels were higher in T2D (adjusted mean: 2.03 ng/ml ± 0.90 SD) vs. non-diabetic subjects (adjusted mean: 1.79 ng/ml ± 0.89 SD, p = 0.02), but only after adjustment for CVD status. In T2D, FKBPL was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and positively correlated with age, known diabetes duration, waist/hip ratio, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) and fasting C-peptide. FKBPL plasma concentrations were increased in the presence of CVD, but only in the non-diabetic group (CVD: 2.02 ng/ml ± 0.75 SD vs. no CVD: 1.68 ng/ml ± 0.79 SD, p = 0.02). In non-diabetic subjects, FKBPL was positively correlated with an established biomarker for CVD, B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), and echocardiographic parameters of diastolic dysfunction. FKBPL was a determinant of CVD in the non-diabetic group in addition to age, gender, total-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (SBP). FKBPL may be a useful anti-angiogenic biomarker in CVD in the absence of diabetes and could represent a novel CVD mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris J Watson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Vikki O'Neill
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kenneth McDonald
- STOP-HF Unit, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Ledwidge
- STOP-HF Unit, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony C Keech
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lana McClements
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Bekhbat M, Mehta CC, Kelly SD, Vester A, Ofotokun I, Felger J, Wingood G, Anastos K, Gustafson DR, Kassaye S, Milam J, Aouizerat B, Weber K, Golub ET, Moore MF, Diclemente R, Fischl M, Kempf MC, Maki P, Neigh GN. HIV and symptoms of depression are independently associated with impaired glucocorticoid signaling. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 96:118-125. [PMID: 29936334 PMCID: PMC6131054 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation caused by HIV infection may lead to deficient glucocorticoid (GC) signaling predisposing people living with HIV to depression and other psychiatric disorders linked to GC resistance. We hypothesized that comorbid HIV and depressive symptoms in women would synergistically associate with deficits in GC signaling. This cross-sectional study used samples obtained from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). The Centers for Epidemiological Studies (CES-D) was used to define depression in four groups of women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS): 1) HIV-negative, non-depressed (n = 37); 2) HIV-negative, depressed (n = 34); 3) HIV-positive, non-depressed (n = 38); and 4) HIV-positive, depressed (n = 38). To assess changes in GC signaling from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we examined baseline and dexamethasone (Dex)-stimulated changes in the expression of the GC receptor (GR, gene: Nr3c1) and its negative regulator Fkbp5 via quantitative RT-PCR. GR sensitivity was evaluated in vitro by assessing the Dex inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Depressive symptoms and HIV serostatus were independently associated with elevated baseline expression of Fkbp5 and Nr3c1. Depressive symptoms, but not HIV status, was independently associated with reduced LPS-induced release of IL-6. Counter to predictions, there was no interactive association of depressive symptoms and HIV on any outcome. Comorbid depressive symptoms with HIV infection were associated with a gene expression and cytokine profile similar to that of healthy control women, a finding that may indicate further disruptions in disease adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakh Bekhbat
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - C Christina Mehta
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Sean D Kelly
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Aimee Vester
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states; University of Illinois at Chicago, United states
| | - Jennifer Felger
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Gina Wingood
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states; Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | - Deborah R Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United States
| | - Seble Kassaye
- Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United states
| | - Joel Milam
- University of Southern California, United states
| | - Bradley Aouizerat
- New York University, Department of Medicine, Washington, D.C., United states
| | - Kathleen Weber
- Cook County Health & Hospitals System and Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago IL, United states
| | - Elizabeth T Golub
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Medicine, Public Health, United states
| | | | - Ralph Diclemente
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states
| | | | | | - Pauline Maki
- University of Illinois at Chicago, United states
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Emory University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states; Virginia Commonwealth University, State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United states.
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5
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Koenig AM, Ramo-Fernández L, Boeck C, Umlauft M, Pauly M, Binder EB, Kirschbaum C, Gündel H, Karabatsiakis A, Kolassa IT. Intergenerational gene × environment interaction of FKBP5 and childhood maltreatment on hair steroids. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 92:103-112. [PMID: 29674169 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inconsistency in results of cortisol alterations after childhood maltreatment (CM) might arise due to the fact that no study so far considered the effects of environmental factors such as maltreatment load and genetic factors such as the influence of FKBP5 genotype on stress hormone regulation. This study analyzed the interaction between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1360780 within the FKBP5 gene and the severity of maternal CM experiences (maltreatment load) on hair steroid levels of mother-infant-dyads. METHODS Hair samples of N = 474 mothers and N = 331 newborns were collected < 1 week after parturition enabling a retrospective assessment of cortisol, cortisone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) using mass spectrometry. The sum score of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire operationalized the maternal maltreatment load. DNA from whole blood or buccal cells was used for FKBP5 genotyping. RESULTS The higher the maltreatment load, the higher maternal hair cortisol and cortisone levels in T allele carriers of FKBP5 rs1360780 were observed. Hair cortisol and DHEA levels of newborns with the T allele were reduced with an increasing maternal maltreatment load, while there was an increase of hair cortisol and DHEA in newborns homozygous for the C allele. CONCLUSIONS This study is the very first uncovering a gene (FKBP5) × environment (maltreatment load) interaction on hair steroids in mothers and their offspring, indicating an intergenerational transmission of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis alterations. These results may help to explain the inconsistency in previous findings on steroid hormone alterations after chronic and traumatic stress and should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Koenig
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Laura Ramo-Fernández
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christina Boeck
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Maria Umlauft
- Institute of Statistics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Pauly
- Institute of Statistics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Dept. of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Harald Gündel
- Dept. of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Karabatsiakis
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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Dilworth D, Gudavicius G, Xu X, Boyce AKJ, O’Sullivan C, Serpa JJ, Bilenky M, Petrochenko EV, Borchers CH, Hirst M, Swayne LA, Howard P, Nelson CJ. The prolyl isomerase FKBP25 regulates microtubule polymerization impacting cell cycle progression and genomic stability. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:2459-2478. [PMID: 29361176 PMCID: PMC5861405 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) catalyze the interconversion of cis-trans proline conformers in proteins. Importantly, FK506 drugs have anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties, but the effectors and mechanisms underpinning these properties are not well understood because the cellular function(s) of most FKBP proteins are unclear. FKBP25 is a nuclear prolyl isomerase that interacts directly with nucleic acids and is associated with several DNA/RNA binding proteins. Here, we show the catalytic FKBP domain binds microtubules (MTs) directly to promote their polymerization and stabilize the MT network. Furthermore, FKBP25 associates with the mitotic spindle and regulates entry into mitosis. This interaction is important for mitotic spindle dynamics, as we observe increased chromosome instability in FKBP25 knockdown cells. Finally, we provide evidence that FKBP25 association with chromatin is cell-cycle regulated by Protein Kinase C phosphorylation. This disrupts FKBP25-DNA contacts during mitosis while maintaining its interaction with the spindle apparatus. Collectively, these data support a model where FKBP25 association with chromatin and MTs is carefully choreographed to ensure faithful genome duplication. Additionally, they highlight that FKBP25 is a MT-associated FK506 receptor and potential therapeutic target in MT-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dilworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Geoff Gudavicius
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- Division of Medical Sciences and Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Andrew K J Boyce
- Division of Medical Sciences and Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Connor O’Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Jason J Serpa
- University of Victoria Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Misha Bilenky
- BC Cancer Agency Genome Sciences Centre and the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Evgeniy V Petrochenko
- University of Victoria Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- University of Victoria Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Martin Hirst
- BC Cancer Agency Genome Sciences Centre and the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Leigh Anne Swayne
- Division of Medical Sciences and Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Perry Howard
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Christopher J Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada
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Stechschulte LA, Qiu B, Warrier M, Hinds TD, Zhang M, Gu H, Xu Y, Khuder SS, Russo L, Najjar SM, Lecka-Czernik B, Yong W, Sanchez ER. FKBP51 Null Mice Are Resistant to Diet-Induced Obesity and the PPARγ Agonist Rosiglitazone. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3888-3900. [PMID: 27442117 PMCID: PMC5045506 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FK506-binding protein-51 (FKBP51) is a molecular cochaperone recently shown to be a positive regulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, the master regulator of adipocyte differentiation and function. In cellular models of adipogenesis, loss of FKBP51 not only reduced PPARγ activity but also reduced lipid accumulation, suggesting that FKBP51 knock-out (KO) mice might have insufficient development of adipose tissue and lipid storage ability. This model was tested by examining wild-type (WT) and FKBP51-KO mice under regular and high-fat diet conditions. Under both diets, FKBP51-KO mice were resistant to weight gain, hepatic steatosis, and had greatly reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) but higher amounts of brown adipose tissue. Under high-fat diet, KO mice were highly resistant to adiposity and exhibited reduced plasma lipids and elevated glucose and insulin tolerance. Profiling of perigonadal and sc WAT revealed elevated expression of brown adipose tissue lineage genes in KO mice that correlated increased energy expenditure and a shift of substrate oxidation to carbohydrates, as measured by indirect calorimetry. To directly test PPARγ involvement, WT and KO mice were fed rosiglitazone agonist. In WT mice, rosiglitazone induced whole-body weight gain, increased WAT mass, a shift of substrate oxidation to lipids, and elevated expression of PPARγ-regulated lipogenic genes in WAT. In contrast, KO mice had reduced rosiglitazone responses for these parameters. Our results identify FKBP51 as an important regulator of PPARγ in WAT and as a potential new target in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
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Balsevich G, Uribe A, Wagner KV, Hartmann J, Santarelli S, Labermaier C, Schmidt MV. Interplay between diet-induced obesity and chronic stress in mice: potential role of FKBP51. J Endocrinol 2014; 222:15-26. [PMID: 24781256 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While it is known that stress promotes obesity, the effects of stress within an obesogenic context are not so clear and molecular targets at the interface remain elusive. The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51, gene: Fkbp5) has been identified as a target gene implicated in the development of stress-related psychiatric disorders and is a possible candidate for involvement in stress and metabolic regulation. The aims of the current study are to investigate the interaction between chronic stress and an obesogenic context and to additionally examine whether FKBP51 is involved in this interaction. For this purpose, male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a high-fat diet for 8 weeks before being challenged with chronic social defeat stress. Herein, we demonstrate that chronic stress induces hypophagia and weight loss, ultimately improving features arising from an obesogenic context, including glucose tolerance and levels of insulin and leptin. We show that Fkbp5 expression is responsive to diet and stress in the hypothalamus and hippocampus respectively. Furthermore, under basal conditions, higher levels of hypothalamic Fkbp5 expression were related to increased body weight gain. Our data indicate that Fkbp5 may represent a novel target in metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Balsevich
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Uribe
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus V Wagner
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob Hartmann
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sara Santarelli
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryKraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
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O'Leary JC, Zhang B, Koren J, Blair L, Dickey CA. The role of FKBP5 in mood disorders: action of FKBP5 on steroid hormone receptors leads to questions about its evolutionary importance. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2013; 12:1157-1162. [PMID: 24040820 PMCID: PMC4236834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research on the FKBP5 gene and FKBP51 protein has more than doubled since the discovery that polymorphisms in this gene could alter treatment outcomes and depressive behavior in humans. This coincided with other data suggesting that the stress hormone axis contributes to the development of numerous mental illnesses. As a result, FKBP51 now lies at the heart of the research of many stress related psychiatric disorders, which has led to advances in the understanding of this protein and its role in humans and in animal models. Specifically, FKBP5-/- mice and a naturally existing overexpression of FKBP5 in 3 genera of new world monkeys have helped understand the effects of FKBP5 in vivo. This review will highlight these finding as well as discuss the current evolutionary need for the FKBP5 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chad A Dickey
- Deaprtemtn of University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave MDC 36, FL 33613, USA.
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10
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Fani N, Gutman D, Tone EB, Almli L, Mercer KB, Davis J, Glover E, Jovanovic T, Bradley B, Dinov ID, Zamanyan A, Toga AW, Binder EB, Ressler KJ. FKBP5 and attention bias for threat: associations with hippocampal function and shape. JAMA Psychiatry 2013; 70:392-400. [PMID: 23407841 PMCID: PMC3732315 DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamapsychiatry.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The FKBP5 gene product regulates glucocorticoid receptor (GR) sensitivity and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning and has been associated with many stress-related psychiatric disorders. The study of intermediate phenotypes, such as emotion-processing biases and their neural substrates, provides a way to clarify the mechanisms by which FKBP5 dysregulation mediates risk for psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE To examine whether allelic variations for a putatively functional single-nucleotide polymorphism associated with FKBP5 gene regulation (rs1360780) would relate differentially to attention bias for threat. this was measured through behavioral response on a dot probe task and hippocampal activation during task performance. Morphologic substrates of differential hippocampal response were also measured. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted from 2010 to 2012 examining associations between genotype, behavioral response, and neural response (using functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI]) on the dot probe; voxel-based morphometry and global and local shape analyses were used to measure structural differences in hippocampi between genotype groups. SETTING Participants were recruited from primary care clinics of a publicly funded hospital in Atlanta, Georgia. PARTICIPANTS An African American cohort of adults (N = 103) was separated into 2 groups by genotype: one genotype group included carriers of the rs1360780 T allele, which has been associated with increased risk for posttraumatic stress disorder and affective disorders; the other group did not carry this allele. Behavioral data included both sexes (N = 103); the MRI cohort (n = 36) included only women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Behavioral and fMRI (blood oxygen level-dependent) response, voxel-based morphometry, and shape analyses. RESULTS Carriers of the rs1360780 T allele showed an attention bias toward threat compared with individuals without this allele (F1,90 = 5.19, P = .02). Carriers of this allele demonstrated corresponding increases in hippocampal activation and differences in morphology; global and local shape analyses revealed alterations in hippocampal shape for TT/TC compared with CC genotype groups. CONCLUSION Genetic variants of FKBP5 may be associated with risk for stress-related psychiatric disorders via differential effects on hippocampal structure and function, resulting in altered attention response to perceived threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Fani
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
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11
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Mulholland DJ, Tran LM, Li Y, Cai H, Morim A, Wang S, Plaisier S, Garraway IP, Huang J, Graeber TG, Wu H. Cell autonomous role of PTEN in regulating castration-resistant prostate cancer growth. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:792-804. [PMID: 21620777 PMCID: PMC3157296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alteration of the PTEN/PI3K pathway is associated with late-stage and castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, how PTEN loss is involved in CRPC development is not clear. Here, we show that castration-resistant growth is an intrinsic property of Pten null prostate cancer (CaP) cells, independent of cancer development stage. PTEN loss suppresses androgen-responsive gene expressions by modulating androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor activity. Conditional deletion of Ar in the epithelium promotes the proliferation of Pten null cancer cells, at least in part, by downregulating the androgen-responsive gene Fkbp5 and preventing PHLPP-mediated AKT inhibition. Our findings identify PI3K and AR pathway crosstalk as a mechanism of CRPC development, with potentially important implications for CaP etiology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Mulholland
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Linh M. Tran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Houjian Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Ashkan Morim
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Shunyou Wang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Seema Plaisier
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Thomas G. Graeber
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles
- Corresponding author: Hong Wu, M.D, Ph.D. 650 Charles E Young Drive S. Los Angeles, CA 90095, Phone: 310.825.5160, FAX: 310.267.0242,
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12
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Choi MS, Min SH, Jung H, Lee JD, Lee TH, Lee HK, Yoo OJ. The essential role of FKBP38 in regulating phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3) protein stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 406:305-9. [PMID: 21320469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is a member of protein tyrosine phosphatases and whose deregulation is implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis of many cancers. However, the underlying mechanism by which PRL-3 is regulated is not known. In this study, we identified the peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase FK506-binding protein 38 (FKBP38) as an interacting protein of PRL-3 using a yeast two-hybrid system. FKBP38 specifically binds to PRL-3 in vivo, and that the N-terminal region of FKBP38 is crucial for binding with PRL-3. FKBP38 overexpression reduces endogenous PRL-3 expression levels, whereas the depletion of FKBP38 by siRNA increases the level of PRL-3 protein. Moreover, FKBP38 promotes degradation of endogenous PRL-3 protein via protein-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, FKBP38 suppresses PRL-3-mediated p53 activity and cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that FKBP38 is a novel regulator of the oncogenic protein PRL-3 abundance and that alteration in the stability of PRL-3 can have a dramatic impact on cell proliferation. Thus, FKBP38 may play a critical role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Suk Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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13
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Warrier M, Hinds TD, Ledford KJ, Cash HA, Patel PR, Bowman TA, Stechschulte LA, Yong W, Shou W, Najjar SM, Sanchez ER. Susceptibility to diet-induced hepatic steatosis and glucocorticoid resistance in FK506-binding protein 52-deficient mice. Endocrinology 2010; 151:3225-36. [PMID: 20427484 PMCID: PMC2903936 DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although FK506-binding protein 52 (FKBP52) is an established positive regulator of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity, an in vivo role for FKBP52 in glucocorticoid control of metabolism has not been reported. To address this question, FKBP52(+/-) mice were placed on a high-fat (HF) diet known to induce obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. Tissue profiling of wild-type mice showed high levels of FKBP52 in the liver but little to no expression in muscle or adipose tissue, predicting a restricted pattern of FKBP52 effects on metabolism. In response to HF, FKBP52(+/-) mice demonstrated a susceptibility to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia that correlated with reduced insulin clearance and reduced expression of hepatic CEACAM1 (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1), a mediator of clearance. Livers of HF-fed mutant mice had high lipid content and elevated expression of lipogenic genes (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, fatty acid synthase, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c) and inflammatory markers (TNFalpha). Interestingly, mutant mice under HF showed elevated serum corticosterone, but their steatotic livers had reduced expression of gluconeogenic genes (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase, glucose 6 phosphatase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4), whereas muscle and adipose expressed normal to elevated levels of glucocorticoid markers. These data suggest a state of glucocorticoid resistance arising from liver-specific loss of GR activity. Consistent with this hypothesis, reduced expression of gluconeogenic genes and CEACAM1 was observed in dexamethasone-treated FKBP52-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. We propose a model in which FKBP52 loss reduces GR control of gluconeogenesis, predisposing the liver to steatosis under HF-diet conditions attributable to a shunting of metabolism from glucose production to lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manya Warrier
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614-5804, USA
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14
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Meiri D, Tazat K, Cohen-Peer R, Farchi-Pisanty O, Aviezer-Hagai K, Avni A, Breiman A. Involvement of Arabidopsis ROF2 (FKBP65) in thermotolerance. Plant Mol Biol 2010; 72:191-203. [PMID: 19876748 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-009-9561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The ROF2 (FKBP65) is a heat stress protein which belongs to the FK506 Binding Protein (FKBP) family. It is homologous to ROF1 (FKBP62) which was recently shown to be involved in long term acquired thermotolerance by its interaction with HSP90.1 and modulation of the heat shock transcription factor HsfA2. In this study, we have demonstrated that ROF2 participates in long term acquired thermolerance, its mode of action being different from ROF1. In the absence of ROF2, the small heat shock proteins were highly expressed and the plants were resistant to heat stress, opposite to the effect observed in the absence of ROF1. It was further demonstrated that ROF2 transcription is modulated by HsfA2 which is also essential for keeping high levels of ROF2 during recovery from heat stress. ROF2 localization to the nucleus was observed several hours after heat stress exposure and its translocation to the nucleus was independent from the presence of HSP90.1 or HsfA2. ROF2 has been shown to interact with ROF1, to form heterodimers and it is suggested that via this interaction it can join the complex ROF1-HSP90.1- HsfA2. Transient expression of ROF2 together with ROF1 repressed transcription of small HSPs. A model describing the mode of action of ROF2 as a heat stress modulator which functions in negative feedback regulation of HsfA2 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meiri
- Department of Plant Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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15
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Abstract
TOR complex 1 (TORC1), an oligomer of the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) protein kinase, its substrate binding subunit raptor, and the polypeptide Lst8/GbetaL, controls cell growth in all eukaryotes in response to nutrient availability and in metazoans to insulin and growth factors, energy status, and stress conditions. This review focuses on the biochemical mechanisms that regulate mTORC1 kinase activity, with special emphasis on mTORC1 regulation by amino acids. The dominant positive regulator of mTORC1 is the GTP-charged form of the ras-like GTPase Rheb. Insulin, growth factors, and a variety of cellular stressors regulate mTORC1 by controlling Rheb GTP charging through modulating the activity of the tuberous sclerosis complex, the Rheb GTPase activating protein. In contrast, amino acids, especially leucine, regulate mTORC1 by controlling the ability of Rheb-GTP to activate mTORC1. Rheb binds directly to mTOR, an interaction that appears to be essential for mTORC1 activation. In addition, Rheb-GTP stimulates phospholipase D1 to generate phosphatidic acid, a positive effector of mTORC1 activation, and binds to the mTOR inhibitor FKBP38, to displace it from mTOR. The contribution of Rheb's regulation of PL-D1 and FKBP38 to mTORC1 activation, relative to Rheb's direct binding to mTOR, remains to be fully defined. The rag GTPases, functioning as obligatory heterodimers, are also required for amino acid regulation of mTORC1. As with amino acid deficiency, however, the inhibitory effect of rag depletion on mTORC1 can be overcome by Rheb overexpression, whereas Rheb depletion obviates rag's ability to activate mTORC1. The rag heterodimer interacts directly with mTORC1 and may direct mTORC1 to the Rheb-containing vesicular compartment in response to amino acid sufficiency, enabling Rheb-GTP activation of mTORC1. The type III phosphatidylinositol kinase also participates in amino acid-dependent mTORC1 activation, although the site of action of its product, 3'OH-phosphatidylinositol, in this process is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Avruch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Diabetes Research Unit, Medical Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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16
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Wong RLY, Wlodarczyk BJ, Min KS, Scott ML, Kartiko S, Yu W, Merriweather MY, Vogel P, Zambrowicz BP, Finnell RH. Mouse Fkbp8 activity is required to inhibit cell death and establish dorso-ventral patterning in the posterior neural tube. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 17:587-601. [PMID: 18003640 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lee Yean Wong
- Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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17
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Abstract
FKBP52 is a member of the FK506-binding family of immunophilins and serves as a co-chaperone for steroid hormone nuclear receptors to govern appropriate hormone action in target tissues. Male mice missing Fkbp52 are infertile, and this infertility has been ascribed to compromised sensitivity of the anterior prostate, external genitalia, and other accessory sex organs to androgen. Here, we show additional defects contributing to infertility. We found that epididymal Fkbp52(-/-) sperm are sparse often with aberrant morphology, and they have reduced fertilizing capacity. This phenotype, initially observed in null males on a C57BL/6/129 background, is also maintained on a CD1 background. Expression studies show that while FKBP52 and androgen receptor are co-expressed in similar cell types in the epididymis, FKBP52 is also present in epididymal sperm flagella. Collectively, our results suggest that reduced number and abnormal morphology contribute to compromised fertilizing capacity of Fkbp52(-/-) sperm. This study is clinically relevant because unraveling the role of immunophilin signaling in male fertility will help identify new targets for male contraceptives and/or alleviate male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Hong
- Pediatrics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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18
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Watashi K. [Regulation mechanism of hepatitis C virus replication]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2007; 52:1139-43. [PMID: 17824230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Watashi
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, USA.
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19
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Abstract
FK506-binding protein 38 (FKBP38) is a member of the immunophilin family that resides in the mitochondrial outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. To investigate the physiological function of FKBP38, we performed a comprehensive search for proteins with which it interacts in human cells by liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of FKBP38 immunoprecipitates. Almost all subunits of the 26S proteasome were thus found to interact with FKBP38. In vivo co-immunoprecipitation analyses confirmed that FKBP38 indeed associates with the 26S proteasome via its three tandem tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs). Binding assays in vitro also revealed that FKBP38 directly interacts with the S4 subunit of the 19S proteasome. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that the subcellular distributions of FKBP38 and the 26S proteasome partially overlapped at mitochondria. Both the abundance and activity of the proteasome in a membrane fraction were markedly reduced for mouse embryonic fibroblasts prepared from Fkbp38(-/-) mice compared with those prepared from wild-type mice. These results suggest that FKBP38 functions to anchor the 26S proteasome at the organellar membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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20
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Yoshihara S, Satoh H, Hayashi H. [FK506 binding protein (FKBP12/12.6)]. Nihon Rinsho 2007; 65 Suppl 4:106-10. [PMID: 17508546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yoshihara
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Social Insurance Hamamatsu Hospital
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21
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Juhász G, Puskás LG, Komonyi O, Erdi B, Maróy P, Neufeld TP, Sass M. Gene expression profiling identifies FKBP39 as an inhibitor of autophagy in larval Drosophila fat body. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14:1181-90. [PMID: 17363962 PMCID: PMC2084463 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, the fat body undergoes a massive burst of autophagy at the end of larval development in preparation for the pupal transition. To identify genes involved in this process, we carried out a microarray analysis. We found that mRNA levels of the homologs of Atg8, the coat protein of early autophagic structures, and lysosomal hydrolases were upregulated, consistent with previous results. Genes encoding mitochondrial proteins and many chaperones were downregulated, including the inhibitor of eIF2alpha kinases and the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FK506-binding protein of 39 kDa (FKBP39). Genetic manipulation of FKBP39 expression had a significant effect on autophagy, potentially through modulation of the transcription factor Foxo. Accordingly, we found that Foxo mutants cannot properly undergo autophagy in response to starvation, and that overexpression of Foxo induces autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Juhász
- Department of General Zoology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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22
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Zhang W, Zhang S, Xiao C, Yang Y, Zhoucun A. Mutation screening of the FKBP6 gene and its association study with spermatogenic impairment in idiopathic infertile men. Reproduction 2007; 133:511-6. [PMID: 17307919 DOI: 10.1530/rep-06-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fkbp6 has been proved to be a new component of synaptonemal complexes and be involved in homologous chromosomes pairing and male infertility in mice. To explore the possible association between variations in the FKBP6 gene and impaired spermatogenesis in human, mutation screening of all the eight exons and the intron/exon boundaries of the gene was performed in 323 patients with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia and 205 fertile controls by denatured HPLC and DNA sequencing. As a result, four novel and one known single nucleotide transitions were identified, including c.58-2A>G, c.111C>T, c.156G>T, c.594G>A, and c.216C>A (rs3750075). The frequencies of genotype CA, allele A of c.216C>A and haplotype ‘GAG’ consisting of c.156G>T, c.216C>A, and c.594G>A were significantly lower in infertile patients than those in controls. These findings suggest that the FKBP6 gene may play a role in modifying the susceptibility to idiopathic spermatogenic impairment in human and propose that the allele A of c.216C>A seems to be a protective factor for the development of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Divison of Human Morbid Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Medical Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Renmin Nanlu, Section 3 #17, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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23
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Abstract
Researchers have developed a system to rapidly deplete or increase specific phosphatidylinositide species at the plasma membrane.
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24
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Abstract
The ryanodine receptor (RyR) calcium release channel functions as a redox sensor that is sensitive to channel modulators. The FK506-binding protein (FKBP) is an important regulator of channel activity, and disruption of the RyR2-FKBP12.6 association has been implicated in cardiac disease. In the present study, we investigated whether the RyR-FKBP association is redox-regulated. Using co-immunoprecipitation assays of solubilized native RyR2 from cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) with recombinant [(35)S]FKBP12.6, we found that the sulfydryl-oxidizing agents, H(2)O(2) and diamide, result in diminished RyR2-FKBP12.6 binding. Co-sedimentation experiments of cardiac SR vesicles with [(35)S]FKBP12.6 also demonstrated that oxidizing reagents decreased FKBP binding. Matching results were obtained with skeletal muscle SR. Notably, H(2)O(2) and diamide differentially affected the RyR2-FKBP12.6 interaction, decreasing binding to approximately 75 and approximately 50% of control, respectively. In addition, the effect of H(2)O(2) was negligible when the channel was in its closed state or when applied after FKBP binding had occurred, whereas diamide was always effective. A cysteine-null mutant FKBP12.6 retained redox-sensitive interaction with RyR2, suggesting that the effect of the redox reagents is exclusively via sites on the ryanodine receptor. K201 (or JTV519), a drug that has been proposed to prevent FKBP12.6 dissociation from the RyR2 channel complex, did not restore normal FKBP binding under oxidizing conditions. Our results indicate that the redox state of the RyR is intimately connected with FKBP binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Zissimopoulos
- Wales Heart Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom.
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25
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Weiwad M, Edlich F, Kilka S, Erdmann F, Jarczowski F, Dorn M, Moutty MC, Fischer G. Comparative analysis of calcineurin inhibition by complexes of immunosuppressive drugs with human FK506 binding proteins. Biochemistry 2006; 45:15776-84. [PMID: 17176100 DOI: 10.1021/bi061616p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple intracellular receptors of the FK506 binding protein (FKBP) family of peptidylprolyl cis/trans-isomerases are potential targets for the immunosuppressive drug FK506. Inhibition of the protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), which has been implicated in the FK506-mediated blockade of T cell proliferation, was shown to involve a gain of function in the FKBP12/FK506 complex. We studied the potential of six human FKBPs to contribute to CaN inhibition by comparative examination of inhibition constants of the respective FK506/FKBP complexes. Interestingly, these FKBPs form tight complexes with FK506, exhibiting comparable dissociation constants, but the resulting FK506/FKBP complexes differ greatly in their affinity for CaN, with IC50 values in the range of 0.047-17 microM. The different capacities of FK506/FKBP complexes to affect CaN activity are partially caused by substitutions corresponding to the amino acid side chains K34 and I90 of FKBP12. Only the FK506 complexes of FKBP12, FKBP12.6, and FKBP51 showed high affinity to CaN; small interfering RNA against these FKBP allowed defining the contribution of individual FKBP in an NFAT reporter gene assay. Our results allow quantitative correlation between FK506-mediated CaN effects and the abundance of the different FKBPs in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Weiwad
- Max Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Weinbergweg 22, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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26
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Abstract
In smooth muscle, Ca(2+) controls diverse activities including cell division, contraction and cell death. Of particular significance in enabling Ca(2+) to perform these multiple functions is the cell's ability to localize Ca(2+) signals to certain regions by creating high local concentrations of Ca(2+) (microdomains), which differ from the cytoplasmic average. Microdomains arise from Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane or release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) store. A single Ca(2+) channel can create a microdomain of several micromolar near (approximately 200 nm) the channel. This concentration declines quickly with peak rates of several thousand micromolar per second when influx ends. The high [Ca(2+)] and the rapid rates of decline target Ca(2+) signals to effectors in the microdomain with rapid kinetics and enable the selective activation of cellular processes. Several elements within the cell combine to enable microdomains to develop. These include the brief open time of ion channels, localization of Ca(2+) by buffering, the clustering of ion channels to certain regions of the cell and the presence of membrane barriers, which restrict the free diffusion of Ca(2+). In this review, the generation of microdomains arising from Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane and the release of the ion from the SR Ca(2+) store will be discussed and the contribution of mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus as well as endogenous modulators (e.g. cADPR and channel binding proteins) will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G McCarron
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, SIPBS, Glasgow, UK.
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Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N. Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Int J Cardiol 2006; 112:142-52. [PMID: 16701909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2005] [Revised: 11/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays an important role as a messenger in the excitation-contraction coupling process of the myocardium. It is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and released via a calcium release channel called the ryanodine receptor. Cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) controls Ca2+ release, which is essential for cardiac contractility. There are several molecules which bind and regulate the function of RyR2 including calstabin2, calmodulin, protein kinase A (PKA), phosphatase, sorcin and calsequestrin. Alteration of RyR2 and associated molecules can cause functional and/or structural changes of the heart, leading to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. In this review, the alteration of RyR2 and its regulatory proteins, and its roles in heart failure and sudden cardiac death, are discussed. Evidence of a possible novel therapy targeting RyR2 and its associated regulatory proteins, currently proposed by investigators, is also included in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arintaya Phrommintikul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Bouchard R, Bailly A, Blakeslee JJ, Oehring SC, Vincenzetti V, Lee OR, Paponov I, Palme K, Mancuso S, Murphy AS, Schulz B, Geisler M. Immunophilin-like TWISTED DWARF1 modulates auxin efflux activities of Arabidopsis P-glycoproteins. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:30603-12. [PMID: 16887800 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m604604200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunophilin-like protein TWISTED DWARF1 (TWD1/FKBP42) has been shown to physically interact with the multidrug resistance/P-glycoprotein (PGP) ATP-binding cassette transporters PGP1 and PGP19 (MDR1). Overlapping phenotypes of pgp1/pgp19 and twd1 mutant plants suggested a positive regulatory role of TWD1 in PGP-mediated export of the plant hormone auxin, which controls plant development. Here, we provide evidence at the cellular and plant levels that TWD1 controls PGP-mediated auxin transport. twd1 and pgp1/pgp19 cells showed greatly reduced export of the native auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Constitutive overexpression of PGP1 and PGP19, but not TWD1, enhanced auxin export. Coexpression of TWD1 and PGP1 in yeast and mammalian cells verified the specificity of the regulatory effect. Employing an IAA-specific microelectrode demonstrated that IAA influx in the root elongation zone was perturbed and apically shifted in pgp1/pgp19 and twd1 roots. Mature roots of pgp1/pgp19 and twd1 plants revealed elevated levels of free IAA, which seemed to account for agravitropic root behavior. Our data suggest a novel mode of PGP regulation via FK506-binding protein-like immunophilins, implicating possible alternative strategies to overcome multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolphe Bouchard
- Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Institute of Plant Biology, and Molecular Plant Physiology, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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Yang Z, Wolf IM, Chen H, Periyasamy S, Chen Z, Weidong Y, Shi S, Zhao W, Xu J, Srivastava A, Sánchez ER, Shou W. FK506-binding protein 52 is essential to uterine reproductive physiology controlled by the progesterone receptor A isoform. Mol Endocrinol 2006; 20:2682-94. [PMID: 16873445 PMCID: PMC2661205 DOI: 10.1210/me.2006-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
FK506-binding protein 52 (FKBP52) is a tetratricopeptide repeat protein that associates with steroid receptors in complexes containing heat shock protein 90. To investigate the role of FKBP52 in steroid-regulated physiology, we generated FKBP52-deficient mice. FKBP52 (-/-) females are sterile due to a complete failure of implantation, a process that requires estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR). Because the uterus expresses two forms of PR, PR-A and PR-B, we investigated all three receptors as potential targets of FKBP52 action. FKBP52 (-/-) uteri showed a normal growth response to estradiol, and unaltered expression of genes controlled by ER and PR-B. In contrast, FKBP52 (-/-) uteri were neither able to express two PR-A-regulated genes, nor undergo decidualization in response to progesterone, suggesting that FKBP52 specifically regulates PR-A at this organ. Analysis of uterine PR heterocomplexes showed preferential association of FKBP52 with PR-A compared with PR-B. Loss of FKBP52 neither disrupted the PR-A/heat shock protein 90 interaction, nor impaired uterine PR-A hormone-binding function, demonstrating the essential role of FKBP52 in PR-A action to be downstream of the hormone-binding event. Transcription studies in +/+ and -/- mouse embryonic fibroblast cells showed a near-complete loss of PR-A activity at mouse mammary tumor virus and synthetic progesterone response element promoters, although partial reductions of ER and PR-B were also observed. Partial disruptions of ovulation and mammary development were also found in FKBP52 (-/-) females. Taken as a whole, our results show FKBP52 to be an essential regulator of PR-A action in the uterus, while being a nonessential but contributory regulator of steroid receptors in the mammary and ovary. These data may now provide the basis for selective targeting of steroid-regulated physiology through tetratricopeptide repeat proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuocheng Yang
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Irene M. Wolf
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Ohio, Toledo, OH43614, USA
| | - Hanying Chen
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sumudra Periyasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Ohio, Toledo, OH43614, USA
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yong Weidong
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shu Shi
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Edwin R. Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Ohio, Toledo, OH43614, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: , (317) 274-8952, or . (419) 383-4182, FAX (419) 383-2871
| | - Weinian Shou
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: , (317) 274-8952, or . (419) 383-4182, FAX (419) 383-2871
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Nakajima O, Nakamura F, Yamashita N, Tomita Y, Suto F, Okada T, Iwamatsu A, Kondo E, Fujisawa H, Takei K, Goshima Y. FKBP133: a novel mouse FK506-binding protein homolog alters growth cone morphology. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 346:140-9. [PMID: 16756961 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
FK506-binding proteins are the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerases that are involved in various intracellular events. We characterized a novel mouse FK506-binding protein homolog, FKBP133/KIAA0674, in the developing nervous system. FKBP133 contains a domain similar to Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein homology region 1 (WH1) and a domain homologous to FK506-binding protein motif. FKBP133 was predominantly expressed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and peripheral ganglia at embryonic day 18.5. FKBP133 protein was distributed in the axonal shafts and was partially co-localized with F-actin in the growth cones of dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRG). The number of filopodia was increased in the DRG neurons overexpressing FKBP133. In contrast, the overexpression of a mutant deleted the WH1 domain reduced the growth cone size and the number of filopodia. Furthermore, the neurons overexpressing FKBP133 became significantly resistant to Semaphorin-3A induced collapse response. These results suggest that FKBP133 modulates growth cone behavior with the WH1 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumi Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Gkika D, Topala CN, Hoenderop JGJ, Bindels RJM. The immunophilin FKBP52 inhibits the activity of the epithelial Ca2+channel TRPV5. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 290:F1253-9. [PMID: 16352746 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00298.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the kidney, the epithelial Ca2+channel TRPV5 constitutes the apical entry pathway in the process of active Ca2+reabsorption. The regulation of Ca2+influx through TRPV5 is of crucial importance, because it determines the final amount of Ca2+excreted in the urine. The present study identifies FKBP52 as an auxiliary protein of TRPV5, inhibiting channel activity. FKBP52 shows specific interaction with TRPV5, and both proteins colocalize in the distal part of the nephron. On the functional level, FKBP52 decreases Ca2+influx through TRPV5 as demonstrated in radioactive45Ca2+uptake measurements and electrophysiological studies in TRPV5-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells. On the other hand, gene silencing of FKBP52 or administration of the FKBP52 blocker FK-506 enhances Ca2+influx through TRPV5. The inhibitory action of FKBP52 on TRPV5 activity is blunted by mutation of its peptidyl-propyl cis- trans isomerase domain, showing that the FKBP52 catalytic property is critical for channel activity. In conclusion, these results suggest that FKBP52 plays an important role in the regulation of TRPV5 and thus in the process of Ca2+reabsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Gkika
- 286 Cell Physiology, Radboud Univ. Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Goonasekera SA, Chen SRW, Dirksen RT. Reconstitution of local Ca2+ signaling between cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors: insights into regulation by FKBP12.6. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2005; 289:C1476-84. [PMID: 16049053 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00250.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ca+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) in the heart involves local Ca2+ signaling between sarcolemmal L-type Ca2+ channels (dihydropyridine receptors, DHPRs) and type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). We reconstituted cardiac-like CICR by expressing a cardiac dihydropyridine-insensitive (T1066Y/Q1070M) α1-subunit (α1CYM) and RyR2 in myotubes derived from RyR1-knockout (dyspedic) mice. Myotubes expressing α1CYM and RyR2 were vesiculated and exhibited spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations that resulted in chaotic and uncontrolled contractions. Coexpression of FKBP12.6 (but not FKBP12.0) with α1CYM and RyR2 eliminated vesiculations and reduced the percentage of myotubes exhibiting uncontrolled global Ca2+ oscillations (63% and 13% of cells exhibited oscillations in the absence and presence of FKBP12.6, respectively). α1CYM/RyR2/FKBP12.6-expressing myotubes exhibited robust and rapid electrically evoked Ca2+ transients that required extracellular Ca2+. Depolarization-induced Ca2+ release in α1CYM/RyR2/FKBP12.6-expressing myotubes exhibited a bell-shaped voltage dependence that was fourfold larger than that of myotubes expressing α1CYM alone (maximal fluorescence change was 2.10 ± 0.39 and 0.54 ± 0.07, respectively), despite similar Ca2+ current densities. In addition, the gain of CICR in α1CYM/RyR2/FKBP12.6-expressing myotubes exhibited a nonlinear voltage dependence, being considerably larger at threshold potentials. We used this molecular model of local α1C-RyR2 signaling to assess the ability of FKBP12.6 to inhibit spontaneous Ca2+ release via a phosphomimetic mutation in RyR2 (S2808D). Electrically evoked Ca2+ release and the incidence of spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations did not differ in wild-type RyR2- and S2808D-expressing myotubes over a wide range of FKBP12.6 expression. Thus a negative charge at S2808 does not alter in situ regulation of RyR2 by FKBP12.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeewa A Goonasekera
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Physiology, Univ. of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Kang CB, Feng L, Chia J, Yoon HS. Molecular characterization of FK-506 binding protein 38 and its potential regulatory role on the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 337:30-8. [PMID: 16176796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2005] [Accepted: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The immunosuppressant FK-506 binding protein 38 (FKBP38) is localized at the mitochondrial membrane and appears to play an important role in apoptosis. Recent reports about the potential functions of FKBP38 in apoptosis appear to be controversial. To further understand the biological function of FKBP38, here, we studied its molecular characteristics and a potential regulatory role on the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Our results suggest that FKBP38 appears to show chaperone activities in the citrate synthase aggregation assays during thermal denaturation and affect solubility of Bcl-2 when they are co-expressed. The FKBP family proteins bind the immunosuppressive drug FK-506 through the FK-506 binding domain and consequently inhibit the activity of calcineurin. In this study, from our NMR studies and calcineurin assays in vitro, we demonstrate that the N-terminal fragment of FKBP38 which contains the FK-506 binding domain does not bind FK-506 at molecular level. Lastly, to investigate the effect of FKBP38 on Bcl-2, we suppressed FKBP38 by RNA interference (RNAi) of FKBP38. Our results suggest that the suppression of FKBP38 appears to make Bcl-2 unstable or unprotected from degradation in an unknown mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Bao Kang
- Division of Structural and Computational Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637511, Singapore
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Jiang D, Wang R, Xiao B, Kong H, Hunt DJ, Choi P, Zhang L, Chen SRW. Enhanced store overload-induced Ca2+ release and channel sensitivity to luminal Ca2+ activation are common defects of RyR2 mutations linked to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death. Circ Res 2005; 97:1173-81. [PMID: 16239587 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000192146.85173.4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is the leading cause of sudden death, and the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is emerging as an important focus in its pathogenesis. RyR2 mutations have been linked to VT and sudden death, but their precise impacts on channel function remain largely undefined and controversial. We have previously shown that several disease-linked RyR2 mutations in the C-terminal region enhance the sensitivity of the channel to activation by luminal Ca2+. Cells expressing these RyR2 mutants display an increased propensity for spontaneous Ca2+ release under conditions of store Ca2+ overload, a process we referred to as store overload-induced Ca2+ release (SOICR). To determine whether common defects exist in disease-linked RyR2 mutations, we characterized 6 more RyR2 mutations from different regions of the channel. Stable inducible HEK293 cell lines expressing Q4201R and I4867M from the C-terminal region, S2246L and R2474S from the central region, and R176Q(T2504M) and L433P from the N-terminal region were generated. All of these cell lines display an enhanced propensity for SOICR. HL-1 cardiac cells transfected with disease-linked RyR2 mutations also exhibit increased SOICR activity. Single channel analyses reveal that disease-linked RyR2 mutations primarily increase the channel sensitivity to luminal, but not to cytosolic, Ca2+ activation. Moreover, the Ca2+ dependence of [3H]ryanodine binding to RyR2 wild type and mutants is similar. In contrast to previous reports, we found no evidence that disease-linked RyR2 mutations alter the FKBP12.6-RyR2 interaction. Our data indicate that enhanced SOICR activity and luminal Ca2+ activation represent common defects of RyR2 mutations associated with VT and sudden death. A mechanistic model for CPVT/ARVD2 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Denny WB, Prapapanich V, Smith DF, Scammell JG. Structure-function analysis of squirrel monkey FK506-binding protein 51, a potent inhibitor of glucocorticoid receptor activity. Endocrinology 2005; 146:3194-201. [PMID: 15802496 DOI: 10.1210/en.2005-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) and FKBP52 are large molecular weight immunophilins that are part of the mature glucocorticoid receptor (GR) heterocomplex. These proteins possess peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) and tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR) domains that are important for modulation of GR activity. A naturally occurring animal model of glucocorticoid resistance, the squirrel monkey, results from the relative overexpression of FKBP51 that renders the GR in a low-affinity state. In vitro studies demonstrated that the squirrel monkey form of FKBP51 is greater than 6-fold more potent than human FKBP51 in this respect. The goals of these studies were to determine the roles of the TPR and PPIase domains in the inhibitory activity of squirrel monkey FKBP51 and to gain insight into structural features of squirrel monkey FKBP51 responsible for potent inhibition of dexamethasone-stimulated GR activity. Mutations in the TPR of squirrel monkey FKBP51 that inhibit association with heat shock protein 90 blocked GR inhibitory activity. Mutations that abrogate the PPIase activity of squirrel monkey FKBP51 had no effect on GR inhibitory activity. Chimeras of squirrel monkey and human FKBP51 were tested to identify domains responsible for their different inhibitory potencies. Amino acid differences in domains FK1 and FK2 between squirrel monkey and human FKBP51 contribute equally to the enhanced inhibitory activity of squirrel monkey FKBP51. Furthermore, squirrel monkey FKBP51 in which either FK1 or FK2 was deleted lacked GR inhibitory activity. Thus, the potent inhibitory activity of squirrel monkey FKBP51 involves both FK domains and the heat shock protein 90-binding TPR domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley B Denny
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
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Edlich F, Weiwad M, Erdmann F, Fanghänel J, Jarczowski F, Rahfeld JU, Fischer G. Bcl-2 regulator FKBP38 is activated by Ca2+/calmodulin. EMBO J 2005; 24:2688-99. [PMID: 15990872 PMCID: PMC1176465 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Accepted: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FKBP-type peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) are folding helper enzymes involved in the control of functional regrowth of damaged sciatic, cortical cholinergic, dopaminergic and 5-HT neurones. Here, we show that the constitutively inactive human FK506-binding protein 38 (FKBP38) is capable of responding directly to intracellular Ca2+ rise through formation of a heterodimeric Ca2+/calmodulin/FKBP38 complex. Only complex formation creates an enzymatically active FKBP, displaying affinity for Bcl-2 mediated through the PPIase site. Association between Bcl-2 and the active site of Ca2+/calmodulin/FKBP38 regulates Bcl-2 function and thereby participates in the promotion of apoptosis in neuronal tissues. FKBP38 proapoptotic function mediated by this interaction is abolished by either potent inhibitors of the PPIase activity of the Ca2+/calmodulin/FKBP38 complex or RNA interference-mediated depletion of FKBP38, promoting neuronal cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Edlich
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Matthias Weiwad
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jörg Fanghänel
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Franziska Jarczowski
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jens-Ulrich Rahfeld
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Gunter Fischer
- Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Halle/Saale, Germany
- Enzymologie der Peptidbindung, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Max-Planck Research Unit for Enzymology of Protein Folding, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany. Tel.: +49 345 5522800; Fax: +49 345 5511972; E-mail:
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Cheung-Flynn J, Prapapanich V, Cox MB, Riggs DL, Suarez-Quian C, Smith DF. Physiological Role for the Cochaperone FKBP52 in Androgen Receptor Signaling. Mol Endocrinol 2005; 19:1654-66. [PMID: 15831525 DOI: 10.1210/me.2005-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMolecular chaperones mediate multiple aspects of steroid receptor function, but the physiological importance of most receptor-associated cochaperones has not been determined. To help fill this gap, we targeted for disruption the mouse gene for the 52-kDa FK506 binding protein, FKBP52, a 90-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90)-binding immunophilin found in steroid receptor complexes. A mouse line lacking FKBP52 (52KO) was generated and characterized. Male 52KO mice have several defects in reproductive tissues consistent with androgen insensitivity; among these defects are ambiguous external genitalia and dysgenic prostate. FKBP52 and androgen receptor (AR) are coexpressed in prostate epithelial cells of wild-type mice. However, FKBP52 and AR are similarly coexpressed in testis even though testis morphology and spermatogenesis in 52KO males are usually normal. Molecular studies confirm that FKBP52 is a component of AR complexes, and cellular studies in yeast and human cell models demonstrate that FKBP52 can enhance AR-meditated transactivation. AR enhancement requires FKBP52 peptidylprolyl isomerase activity as well as Hsp90-binding ability, and enhancement probably relates to an affect of FKBP52 on AR-folding pathways. In the presence of FKBP52, but not other cochaperones, the function of a minimally active AR point mutant can be dramatically restored. We conclude that FKBP52 is an AR folding factor that has critically important physiological roles in some male reproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Cheung-Flynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johnson Research Building, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
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Lamb DJ, Zhang L, Buttyan R. A PROBLEM WITH A CHAPERONE. J Urol 2005; 173:1455. [PMID: 15821459 DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000159654.08981.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yokoo H, Sugano T, Satoh S, Yanagita T, Kobayashi H, Wada A. [Expression of insulin receptor and its signaling molecules: regulatory mechanisms in neuronal cells]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2005; 125:141-6. [PMID: 15855732 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.125.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wochnik GM, Rüegg J, Abel GA, Schmidt U, Holsboer F, Rein T. FK506-binding proteins 51 and 52 differentially regulate dynein interaction and nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 280:4609-16. [PMID: 15591061 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407498200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a cellular system to elucidate the molecular determinants of the large immunophilin FK506-binding proteins (FKBP)51 and -52 for their action on the glucocorticoid receptor in mammalian cells. Increasing the levels of FKBP51 reduced the transcriptional activity of the receptor, as reported. Elevated levels of FKBP52 per se showed no effect but mitigated the inhibition of the receptor induced by FKBP51. We discovered that nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor was delayed by FKBP51. This correlates with the reduced interaction of FKBP51 with the motor protein dynein compared with FKBP52. From mutational analyses, we concluded that three features of the immunophilins are required for efficient receptor signaling in mammalian cells: hsp90 interaction, dynein association, and peptidylprolyl isomerase (PPIase) enzyme activity. The relevance of dynein for receptor function was substantiated by several experiments: 1) coexpression of dynamitin, which disrupts the transport complex and reduces receptor activity; 2) coexpression of the PPIase domain fragment of FKBP52, which is known to disrupt interaction of the receptor to dynein and reduce glucocorticoid receptor function, in contrast to the corresponding fragment of FKBP51; and 3) swapping of the PPIase domains FKBP51 and FKBP52, which reverses the respective activity. We concluded from our results that the mechanisms of the regulatory system FKBP51/FKBP52 discovered in yeast also operate in mammals to modulate hormone binding of the receptor. In addition, differential regulation of dynein association and nuclear translocation contributes to the effects of the two immunophilins on the glucocorticoid receptor in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Wochnik
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 10, D-80804 Munich, Germany
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Daikoku T, Tranguch S, Friedman DB, Das SK, Smith DF, Dey SK. Proteomic analysis identifies immunophilin FK506 binding protein 4 (FKBP52) as a downstream target of Hoxa10 in the periimplantation mouse uterus. Mol Endocrinol 2004; 19:683-97. [PMID: 15528267 DOI: 10.1210/me.2004-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of implantation absolutely requires synchronized development of the blastocyst to implantation competency, differentiation of the uterus to the receptive state, and a reciprocal dialogue between the blastocyst and uterine luminal epithelium. Genetic and molecular approaches have identified several signaling pathways that are critical to this process. The transcription factor Hoxa10 is one such critical player in implantation. Hoxa10-/- female mice have implantation and decidualization failure due specifically to reduced uterine responsiveness to progesterone and defective stromal cell proliferation during uterine receptivity and implantation. However, the downstream signaling pathways of Hoxa10 in these events remain largely unknown. Using the proteomics approach of difference gel electrophoresis, we have identified an immunophilin FKBP52 (FK506 binding protein 4) as one of the Hoxa10-mediated signaling molecules in the uterus. We found that FKBP52, a cochaperone protein known to influence steroid hormone receptor functions, is down-regulated in stromal cells of Hoxa10-/- mice. More importantly, FKBP52 shows differential uterine cell-specific expression during the periimplantation period. Whereas it is primarily expressed in the uterine epithelium on d 1 of pregnancy, the expression expands to the stroma on d 4 during the period of uterine receptivity and becomes localized to decidualizing stromal cells surrounding the implantation site on d 5. This suggests that FKBP52 is important for the attainment of uterine receptivity and implantation. Furthermore, FKBP52 shows differential cell-specific expression in the uterus in response to progesterone and/or estrogen consistent with its expression patterns during the periimplantation period. Collectively, these results and the female infertility phenotype of FKBP52 suggest that a Hoxa10-FKBP52 signaling axis is critical to uterine receptivity and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takiko Daikoku
- Department of Pediatrics and Cancer Biology, Division of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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Rodríguez Orozco AR, Ruiz Reyes H. [Immunomodulation by tacrolimus in atopic dermatitis]. Rev Alerg Mex 2004; 51:226-30. [PMID: 15794415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a common allergic disease, in which the treatment is extremely complex; even when several immunological abnormalities have been described in atopic dermatitis, the immune response to drugs remains unclear for both: conventional and unconventional therapies. The present review is centered on clinical efficacy and safety of tacrolimus, one of the immunomodulators proposed to treat atopic dermatitis. There are clinical evidences to support that tacrolimus have considerable impact on expression of inflammatory markers, despite of clinical assays could be necessary to demonstrate its profiles of toxicity and efficacy, during long-time periods.
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Abstract
Using a reporter gene assay in PC12, HEK293, HeLa, and NIH-3T3 cells, we show that the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 significantly inhibits transcriptional activation of various transcription factors, including NF kappa B, AP1, CRE, and NFAT. A Bcl-2 mutant lacking its BH4 domain (Delta BH4) also inhibited transcription, whereas a Bcl-2 mutant lacking its transmembrane domain (Delta TM) was ineffective. Furthermore, Bcl-2 chimeric proteins containing transmembrane domains from the mitochondrial protein monoamine oxidase B (MaoB) or the endoplasmic reticulum protein cytochrome b(5) showed no effect on transcription factor activity. Subcellular localization studies showed that under conditions of transient transfection, the active Bcl-2 forms (wild type and Delta BH4) were predominantly found in the nuclear fraction, whereas the non-active forms (Delta TM, MaoB, and cytochrome b(5)) were in the non-nuclear fraction. Additionally, stably expressed Bcl-2 loses its ability to inhibit transcriptional activation and localizes predominantly to the non-nuclear fraction. Expression of FKBP38 (a chaperone that shuttles Bcl-2 to the mitochondria) removes co-expressed Bcl-2 from the nuclear fraction and reverses its effect on transcription factor activity. Finally, using an inducible gene expression system, we show that nuclear compartment-associated Bcl-2 prevents entry of NF kappa B subunits to the nucleus without affecting NF kappa B release from its cytosolic inhibitory sub-unit I kappa B alpha. These results suggest that (a) Bcl-2 suppresses transcriptional activity of multiple transcription factors; (b) Bcl-2 does not interfere with NF kappa B activation but prevents entrance of its active subunits to the nucleus; (c) membrane anchoring is required for this function of Bcl-2; and (d) association of Bcl-2 with the nuclear compartment is also necessary. We speculate that nuclear compartment-associated Bcl-2 may affect nuclear trafficking of multiple factors necessary for transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Massaad
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1043, USA
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Abstract
Insights into the molecular basis of glucocorticoid action have been obtained from the analysis of cortisol resistance. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in both New World primates and guinea pigs has a decreased affinity, in vivo, for cortisol; this is achieved by two distinct mechanisms. In the New World primates recent studies have identified a key role for co-chaperones. The amino acids responsible for cortisol resistance in the guinea pig GR lie not in the ligand-binding pocket but on the surface of the receptor. We hypothesize that this region might be the site of interaction between the co-chaperones and the GR, and hence that the resistance occurs through the same mechanism, albeit from opposite sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Fuller
- Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton and Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Horikoshi M, Himukai R, Kuzuhara T. [Mechanisms of gene regulation centered on peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2004; 49:1195-203. [PMID: 15209215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Sanokawa-Akakura R, Dai H, Akakura S, Weinstein D, Fajardo JE, Lang SE, Wadsworth S, Siekierka J, Birge RB. A novel role for the immunophilin FKBP52 in copper transport. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:27845-8. [PMID: 15133031 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c400118200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
FK506-binding protein 52 (FKBP52) is an immunophilin that possesses peptidylprolyl cis/trans-isomerase (PPIase) activity and is a component of a subclass of steroid hormone receptor complexes. Several recent studies indicate that immunophilins can regulate neuronal survival and nerve regeneration although the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. To investigate the function of FKBP52 in the nervous system, we employed a yeast two-hybrid strategy using the PPIase domain (domain I) as bait to screen a neonatal rat dorsal root ganglia cDNA expression library. We identified an interaction between FKBP52 domain I and Atox1, a copper-binding metallochaperone. Atox1 interacts with Menkes disease protein and Wilson disease protein (WD) and functions in copper efflux. The interaction between FKBP52 and Atox1 was observed in both glutathione S-transferase pull-down experiments and when proteins were ectopically expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells and was sensitive to FK506. Interestingly, the FKBP52/Atox1 interaction was enhanced when HEK 293T cells were cultured in copper-supplemented medium and decreased in the presence of the copper chelator, bathocuproine disulfate, suggesting that the interaction is regulated in part by intracellular copper. Overexpression of FKBP52 increased rapid copper efflux in (64)Cu-loaded cells, as did the overexpression of WD transporter. Taken together, our present findings suggest that FKBP52 is a component of the copper efflux machinery, and in so, may also promote neuroprotection from copper toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Sanokawa-Akakura
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ann Bjornsti
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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49
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Miyata Y. [Involvement of Hsp90 in the quality control of signal transducing proteins]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2004; 49:862-6. [PMID: 15168480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Kuzuhara T, Horikoshi M. A nuclear FK506-binding protein is a histone chaperone regulating rDNA silencing. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2004; 11:275-83. [PMID: 14981505 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2003] [Accepted: 01/23/2004] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel chromatin-modulating factor, nuclear FK506-binding protein (FKBP). It is a member of the peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family, whose members were originally identified as enzymes that assist in the proper folding of polypeptides. The endogenous FKBP gene is required for the in vivo silencing of gene expression at the rDNA locus and FKBP has histone chaperone activity in vitro. Both of these properties depend on the N-terminal non-PPIase domain of the protein. The C-terminal PPIase domain is not essential for the histone chaperone activity in vitro, but it regulates rDNA silencing in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that nuclear FKBP associates with chromatin at rDNA loci in vivo. These in vivo and in vitro findings in nuclear FKBPs reveal a hitherto unsuspected link between PPIases and the alteration of chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuzuhara
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
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