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Kondo T, Otake K, Kakinuma H, Sato Y, Ambo S, Egusa H. Zinc- and Fluoride-Releasing Bioactive Glass as a Novel Bone Substitute. J Dent Res 2024:220345241231772. [PMID: 38581240 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241231772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioglass 45S5, a silica-based glass, has pioneered a new field of biomaterials. Bioglass 45S5 promotes mineralization through calcium ion release and is widely used in the dental field, including toothpaste formulations. However, the use of Bioglass 45S5 for bone grafting is limited owing to the induction of inflammation, as well as reduced degradation and ion release. Phosphate-based glasses exhibit higher solubility and ion release than silica-based glass. Given that these glasses can be synthesized at low temperatures (approximately 1,000°C), they can easily be doped with various metal oxides to confer therapeutic properties. Herein, we fabricated zinc- and fluoride-doped phosphate-based glass (multicomponent phosphate [MP] bioactive glass) and further doped aluminum oxide into the MP glass (4% Al-MP glass) to overcome the striking solubility of phosphate-based glass. Increased amounts of zinc and fluoride ions were detected in water containing the MP glass. Doping of aluminum oxide into the MP glass suppressed the striking dissolution in water, with 4% Al-MP glass exhibiting the highest stability in water. Compared with Bioglass 45S5, 4% Al-MP glass in water had a notably reduced particle size, supporting the abundant ion release of 4% Al-MP glass. Compared with Bioglass 45S5, 4% Al-MP glass enhanced the osteogenesis of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mouse macrophages cultured with 4% Al-MP glass displayed enhanced induction of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and reduced proinflammatory M1 macrophages, indicating M2 polarization. Upon implanting 4% Al-MP glass or Bioglass 45S5 in a mouse calvarial defect, 4% Al-MP glass promoted significant bone regeneration when compared with Bioglass 45S5. Hence, we successfully fabricated zinc- and fluoride-releasing bioactive glasses with improved osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, which could serve as a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kondo
- Division of Molecular & Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Next-Generation Dental Material Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Otake
- Division of Molecular & Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - H Kakinuma
- Department of Next-Generation Dental Material Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Sato
- Division of Molecular & Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Ambo
- Division of Molecular & Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - H Egusa
- Division of Molecular & Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Next-Generation Dental Material Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Tanimoto Y, Kakinuma H, Aoki R, Shiraki T, Higashijima SI, Okamoto H. Transgenic tools targeting the basal ganglia reveal both evolutionary conservation and specialization of neural circuits in zebrafish. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113916. [PMID: 38484735 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The cortico-basal ganglia circuit mediates decision making. Here, we generated transgenic tools for adult zebrafish targeting specific subpopulations of the components of this circuit and utilized them to identify evolutionary homologs of the mammalian direct- and indirect-pathway striatal neurons, which respectively project to the homologs of the internal and external segment of the globus pallidus (dorsal entopeduncular nucleus [dEN] and lateral nucleus of the ventral telencephalic area [Vl]) as in mammals. Unlike in mammals, the Vl mainly projects to the dEN directly, not by way of the subthalamic nucleus. Further single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals two pallidal output pathways: a major shortcut pathway directly connecting the dEN with the pallium and the evolutionarily conserved closed loop by way of the thalamus. Our resources and circuit map provide the common basis for the functional study of the basal ganglia in a small and optically tractable zebrafish brain for the comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the cortico-basal ganglia circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tanimoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shiraki
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Higashijima
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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3
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Shibayama K, Nakajo H, Tanimoto Y, Kakinuma H, Shiraki T, Tsuboi T, Okamoto H. The serotonergic neurons derived from rhombomere 2 are localized in the median raphe and project to the dorsal pallium in zebrafish. Neurosci Res 2024:S0168-0102(24)00039-7. [PMID: 38447890 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The serotonergic neurons in the raphe nucleus are implicated in various cognitive functions such as learning and emotion. In vertebrates, the raphe nucleus is divided into the dorsal raphe and the median raphe. In contrast to the abundance of knowledge on the functions of the dorsal raphe, the roles of the serotonergic neurons in the median raphe are relatively unknown. The studies using zebrafish revealed that the median raphe serotonergic neurons receive input from the two distinct pathways from the habenula and the IPN. The use of zebrafish may reveal the function of the Hb-IPN-median raphe pathway. To clarify the functions of the median raphe serotonergic neurons, it is necessary to distinguish them from those in the dorsal raphe. Most median raphe serotonergic neurons originate from rhombomere 2 in mice, and we generated the transgenic zebrafish which can label the serotonergic neurons derived from rhombomere 2. In this study, we found the serotonergic neurons derived from rhombomere 2 are localized in the median raphe and project axons to the rostral dorsal pallium in zebrafish. This study suggests that this transgenic system has the potential to specifically reveal the function and information processing of the Hb-IPN-raphe-telencephalon circuit in learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Shibayama
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Haruna Nakajo
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanimoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shiraki
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision-making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Lead contact.
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4
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Yonezawa Y, Guo L, Kakinuma H, Otomo N, Yoshino S, Takeda K, Nakajima M, Shiraki T, Ogura Y, Takahashi Y, Koike Y, Minami S, Uno K, Kawakami N, Ito M, Yonezawa I, Watanabe K, Kaito T, Yanagida H, Taneichi H, Harimaya K, Taniguchi Y, Shigematsu H, Iida T, Demura S, Sugawara R, Fujita N, Yagi M, Okada E, Hosogane N, Kono K, Chiba K, Kotani T, Sakuma T, Akazawa T, Suzuki T, Nishida K, Kakutani K, Tsuji T, Sudo H, Iwata A, Sato T, Inami S, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M, Terao C, Watanabe K, Okamoto H, Ikegawa S. Identification of a Functional Susceptibility Variant for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis that Upregulates Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1)-Mediated UNCX Expression. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:144-153. [PMID: 36342191 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a serious health problem affecting 3% of live births all over the world. Many loci associated with AIS have been identified by previous genome wide association studies, but their biological implication remains mostly unclear. In this study, we evaluated the AIS-associated variants in the 7p22.3 locus by combining in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses. rs78148157 was located in an enhancer of UNCX, a homeobox gene and its risk allele upregulated the UNCX expression. A transcription factor, early growth response 1 (EGR1), transactivated the rs78148157-located enhancer and showed a higher binding affinity for the risk allele of rs78148157. Furthermore, zebrafish larvae with UNCX messenger RNA (mRNA) injection developed body curvature and defective neurogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. rs78148157 confers the genetic susceptibility to AIS by enhancing the EGR1-regulated UNCX expression. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Yonezawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Long Guo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nao Otomo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshino
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takeda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shiraki
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoji Ogura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shohei Minami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koki Uno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ikuho Yonezawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Yanagida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Taneichi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Katsumi Harimaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedic, Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Shigematsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoru Demura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Sugawara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Yagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eijiro Okada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naobumi Hosogane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuki Kono
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kono Orthopaedic Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kotani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sakuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Teppei Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kakutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Taichi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Meijo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Sudo
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Iwata
- Department of Preventive and Therapeutic Research for Metastatic Bone Tumor, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Sugiura A, Torii K, Tsutsumi H, Someya T, Yasuoka D, Nishikiori K, Kitahara D, Kakinuma H. Effective method of monitoring cerebral tissue oxygen saturation in cardiac surgery patients by combined use of tNIRS-1 and bispectral index. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24126. [PMID: 34916554 PMCID: PMC8677723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To continuously and noninvasively monitor the cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) and hemoglobin concentration (gasHb) in cardiac surgery patients, a method combining the use of a cerebral tissue oximeter using near infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (tNIRS-1) and the bispectral index (BIS) was developed in this study. Moreover, the correlation between the estimated hemoglobin concentration (estHb), measured via tNIRS-1, and the hemoglobin concentration (gasHb), analyzed using a blood gas analyzer, were compared. The relationship between the BIS and gasHb was also examined. Through the comparison of BIS and StO2 (r1), and estHb and gasHb (r2), the correlation between the two was clarified with maximum r1 and r2 values of 0.617 and 0.946, respectively. The relationship between BIS and gasHb (r3), showed that there was a favorable correlation with a maximum r3 value of 0.969. There was also a continuous correlation between BIS and StO2 in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In addition, a strong correlation was found between estHb and gasHb, and between BIS and gasHb. It was therefore concluded that the combined use of BIS and tNIRS-1 is useful to evaluate cerebral hypoxia, allowing for quick response to cerebral hypoxia and reduction of hemoglobin concentration during the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sugiura
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan.
| | - K Torii
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - H Tsutsumi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - T Someya
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - D Yasuoka
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - K Nishikiori
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - D Kitahara
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
| | - H Kakinuma
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1, Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki ward, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan
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Torigoe M, Islam T, Kakinuma H, Fung CCA, Isomura T, Shimazaki H, Aoki T, Fukai T, Okamoto H. Zebrafish capable of generating future state prediction error show improved active avoidance behavior in virtual reality. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5712. [PMID: 34588436 PMCID: PMC8481257 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals make decisions under the principle of reward value maximization and surprise minimization. It is still unclear how these principles are represented in the brain and are reflected in behavior. We addressed this question using a closed-loop virtual reality system to train adult zebrafish for active avoidance. Analysis of the neural activity of the dorsal pallium during training revealed neural ensembles assigning rules to the colors of the surrounding walls. Additionally, one third of fish generated another ensemble that becomes activated only when the real perceived scenery shows discrepancy from the predicted favorable scenery. The fish with the latter ensemble escape more efficiently than the fish with the former ensembles alone, even though both fish have successfully learned to escape, consistent with the hypothesis that the latter ensemble guides zebrafish to take action to minimize this prediction error. Our results suggest that zebrafish can use both principles of goal-directed behavior, but with different behavioral consequences depending on the repertoire of the adopted principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makio Torigoe
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tanvir Islam
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chi Chung Alan Fung
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Takuya Isomura
- Brain Intelligence Theory Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimazaki
- Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence, and Neuroscience (CHAIN), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tazu Aoki
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukai
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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7
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Amo R, Fredes F, Kinoshita M, Aoki R, Aizawa H, Agetsuma M, Aoki T, Shiraki T, Kakinuma H, Matsuda M, Yamazaki M, Takahoko M, Tsuboi T, Higashijima SI, Miyasaka N, Koide T, Yabuki Y, Yoshihara Y, Fukai T, Okamoto H. The habenulo-raphe serotonergic circuit encodes an aversive expectation value essential for adaptive active avoidance of danger. Neuron 2014; 84:1034-48. [PMID: 25467985 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anticipation of danger at first elicits panic in animals, but later it helps them to avoid the real threat adaptively. In zebrafish, as fish experience more and more danger, neurons in the ventral habenula (vHb) showed tonic increase in the activity to the presented cue and activated serotonergic neurons in the median raphe (MR). This neuronal activity could represent the expectation of a dangerous outcome and be used for comparison with a real outcome when the fish is learning how to escape from a dangerous to a safer environment. Indeed, inhibiting synaptic transmission from vHb to MR impaired adaptive avoidance learning, while panic behavior induced by classical fear conditioning remained intact. Furthermore, artificially triggering this negative outcome expectation signal by optogenetic stimulation of vHb neurons evoked place avoidance behavior. Thus, vHb-MR circuit is essential for representing the level of expected danger and behavioral programming to adaptively avoid potential hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryunosuke Amo
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8430, Japan
| | - Felipe Fredes
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masae Kinoshita
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hidenori Aizawa
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masakazu Agetsuma
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tazu Aoki
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shiraki
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsuda
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Masako Yamazaki
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mikako Takahoko
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Higashijima
- National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Miyasaka
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Koide
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yabuki
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshihara
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukai
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Theory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8430, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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Kakinuma H, Ishii K, Ishihama H, Honda M, Toyama Y, Matsumoto M, Aizawa M. Antibacterial polyetheretherketone implants immobilized with silver ions based on chelate-bonding ability of inositol phosphate: processing, material characterization, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial properties. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:57-64. [PMID: 24616120 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We developed a novel antibacterial implant by forming a hydroxyapatite (HAp) film on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) substrate, and then immobilizing silver ions (Ag(+) ) on the HAp film based on the chelate-bonding ability of inositol phosphate (IP6). First, the PEEK surface was modified by immersion into concentrated sulfuric acid for 10 min. HAp film was formed on the acid-treated PEEK via the soft-solution process using simulated body fluid (SBF), urea, and urease. After HAp coating, specimens were immersed into IP6 solution, and followed by immersion into silver nitrite solution at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 5 or 10 mM. Ag(+) ions were immobilized on the resulting HAp film due to the chelate-bonding ability of IP6. On cell-culture tests under indirect conditions by Transwell, MC3T3-E1 cells on the specimens derived from the 0.5 and 1 mM Ag(+) solutions showed high relative growth when compared with controls. Furthermore, on evaluation of antibacterial activity in halo test, elution of Ag(+) ions from Ag(+) -immobilized HAp film inhibited bacterial growth. Therefore, the above-mentioned results demonstrated that specimens had both biocompatibility and strong antibacterial activity. The present coating therefore provides bone bonding ability to the implant surface and prevents the formation of biofilms in the early postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
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Kakinuma H, Aoki R, Aoki T, Takahoko MI, Okamoto H. Gene expression patterns in the zebrafish telencephalon. Neurosci Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Nishi Y, Yamamoto N, Shimazaki K, Takahashi-Ando N, Kakinuma H, Jialin S, Ruzheinikov SN, Muranova TA, Rice DW, Kajihara Y. Mechanistic Analysis of the Phosphonate Transition-state Analogue-derived Catalytic and Non-catalytic Antibody. J Biochem 2007; 142:421-33. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvm178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kakinuma H, Nakai A, Honma K, Yagi N, Niida Y, Matsushima A, Tsuda H, Takizawa N. [Adaptation of English-written health-related quality of life measure for children]. No To Hattatsu 2007; 39:66-7. [PMID: 17228823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
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12
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Kakinuma H, Inomata H, Kitamura N. Enhanced JNK activation by NESK without kinase activity upon caspase-mediated cleavage during apoptosis. Cell Signal 2005; 17:1439-48. [PMID: 15913957 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Revised: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 03/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nck-interacting kinase-like embryo-specific kinase (NESK) is a protein kinase that is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle during the late stages of mouse embryogenesis. NESK belongs to the germinal center kinase (GCK) family and selectively activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway when overexpressed in cultured cells. Some members of the GCK family have been shown to be proteolytically cleaved and activated during apoptosis. Here, we report that NESK is also proteolytically cleaved during apoptosis. Treatment of NESK-transfected HeLa cells with TNF-alpha in the presence of cycloheximide or with staurosporine induced proteolytic cleavage of NESK. The cleavage of NESK occurred at two sites, generating three fragments: an N-terminal fragment containing a kinase domain, an intermediate fragment and a C-terminal fragment containing a regulatory CNH domain. These two cleavages occurred in a stepwise manner and were dependent on a caspase activity. The cleavage sites were identified as aspartic acid residues at 868 and 1091. The N-terminal fragment had less kinase activity than the full-length NESK and did not activate the JNK pathway. In contrast, the C-terminal fragment activated the JNK pathway more strongly than the full-length NESK and promoted TNF-alpha-induced apoptotic cell death. These results implicate NESK in the JNK pathway-mediated promotion of apoptosis through its C-terminal regulatory domain generated by proteolytic cleavage during apoptosis, in a unique manner different from other GCK family kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaya Kakinuma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Numakura K, Satoh S, Tsuchiya N, Horikawa Y, Inoue T, Kakinuma H, Togashi H, Matsuura S, Tada H, Suzuki T, Habuchi T. Incidence and Risk Factors of Clinical Characteristics, Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics, and Related Genomic Polymorphisms for Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in the Early Stage of Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:1865-7. [PMID: 15919487 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is an important complication in a tacrolimus (TAC)-based immunosuppressive regimen. The present study investigated the incidence, clinical risk factors, TAC pharmacokinetics (PK), and genomic polymorphisms related to TAC-PK or diabetes mellitus (DM) under the TAC-based immunosuppressive protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-one nondiabetic renal allograft recipients transplanted from February 1998 to March 2004 were studied. Patients with over 6.5 mg/dL of hemoglobin A1c on sequential blood samples or requiring insulin or oral antidiabetic agents around 6 months after transplantation were diagnosed as having PTDM. RESULTS Six months after transplantation, 10 recipients (14.1%) developed PTDM. The positive risk factors were age (P = .003) and body mass index (P = .035). There were no significant differences in gender distribution, pretransplant dialysis period, dialysis modality, acute rejection rate, total steroid doses, TAC-PK, or its related genomic polymorphisms between the two groups. In the DM-related polymorphisms, the frequency of PTDM was significant higher in patients with the VDR TaqI tt or Tt genotype than in those with the TT genotype (P = .013). After a multivariate analysis, age over 50 years (P = .007, odds ratio 8.92) and the presence of VDR TaqI t allele (P = .043, odds ratio 6.71) were correlated with the development of PTDM. CONCLUSION The incidence of PTDM in our series was 14.1%. Age over 50 years was a risk factor. The presence of VDR TaqI t allele might be a risk for PTDM. An association between TAC-PK and development of PTDM was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan
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14
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Kakinuma H, Tsuchiya N, Habuchi T, Ohyama C, Matsuura S, Wang L, Nakamura A, Kato T. Serum sex steroid hormone levels and polymorphisms of CYP17 and SRD5A2: implication for prostate cancer risk. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2004; 7:333-7. [PMID: 15477877 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism of the steroid hormone-related genes might affect life-long androgen exposure, thus altering a risk of prostate cancer incidence. To evaluate the effect of the polymorphisms of CYP17 and SRD5A2 on serum steroid hormone levels, the 164 male Japanese cohort were tested for serum hormone levels and the genotype of the polymorphisms of CYP17 (T-C base substitution in the promoter region) and SRD5A2 (V89L). The linear trends across the CYP17 genotypes in serum-free testosterone and androstenedione levels were found, suggesting the importance of the polymorphism of CYP17 in determining the circulating androgen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Akai T, Okamoto K, Iizuka H, Kakinuma H, Nojima T. Treatments of hamartoma with neuroendoscopic surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery: a case report. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 2002; 45:235-9. [PMID: 12494360 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-36196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic hamartoma is a non-neoplastic tumor manifesting as gelastic seizure, precocious puberty, and abnormal behavior. Treatment of it is very complicated due to its location. We report a case of hypothalamic hamartoma treated by neuroendoscopic surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery. A 5-year-old girl presented with violent behavior, precocious puberty, gelastic seizure and atonic seizure. She was diagnosed with hypothalamic hamartoma by CT and magnetic resonance imaging at 11 months of age. Tumor size did not change, but tumor intensity had changed on the MR image at 5 years of age. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed decreased N-acetylaspartate and increased choline and creatine in the tumor. After neuroendoscopic biopsy, she underwent linear accelerator stereotactic radiosurgery. But her symptoms remained unchanged for 6 months. She then underwent partial resection and laser coagulation of the tumor by a neuroendoscopic approach. After the procedure, the frequency of her seizures was remarkably decreased, and her violent behavior improved. The transventricular neuroendoscopic approach to the hypothalamus is less invasive than the radical surgery. Neuroendoscopic surgery can be one of the treatments of choice for hypothalamic hamartoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Division of Dermatology, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, 180 Nishi-Araijuku, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishi
- Laboratory of Life Science and Biomolecular Engineering, Japan Tobacco, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan.
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18
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Abstract
Catalytic Abs (catAbs) preferentially evolved in autoimmune MRL/MPJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice upon immunization with the phosphonate transition-state analogue (TSA), but this did not happen in normal BALB/c mice. The majority of the catAbs from MRL/lpr mice were from several independent clones of the same family. Most of them had a lysine at position 95 in the heavy chain (H95), which is at the junctional region. This residue, which interacts with the phosphonate moiety of the TSA and presumably is involved in the catalytic activity, was not changed even after expansive evolution following multiple mutations. By contrast, the majority that arose from BALB/c mice were the non-catAbs, which were quite different in the sequence from the catAbs from MRL/lpr mice, but they were clonally related to one another, so most of them were originated from a single clone. In the MRL/lpr mice, the catalytic subsets that existed in the initial repertoire were effectively captured by the phosphonyl oxygens in the TSA by interacting with the lysine at H95. In the BALB/c mice, however, another noncatalytic subset with only the binding capability directed to a moiety other than the phosphonate moiety was alternatively evolved, because of the lowest abundance or elimination of the catalytic subsets.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Catalytic/genetics
- Antibodies, Catalytic/immunology
- Antibody Affinity
- Autoimmunity
- Evolution, Molecular
- Genes, Immunoglobulin
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Light Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred MRL lpr
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Recombination, Genetic
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sun
- Laboratory of Life Science and Biomolecular Engineering, Japan Tobacco, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Satoh S, Iinuma M, Kakinuma H, Mitsumori K, Mishina M, Shimoda N, Sato K, Habuchi T, Kato T. Does the distribution of circulating CD4+CD28+, CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes indicate subclinical rejection in patients in the early postoperative state of renal transplantation? Transplant Proc 2001; 33:3301-2. [PMID: 11750413 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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20
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Tsuchiya N, Sato K, Akao T, Kakinuma H, Sasaki R, Shimoda N, Satoh S, Habuchi T, Ogawa O, Kato T. Quantitative analysis of gene expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-related factors and their receptors in renal cell carcinoma. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2001; 195:101-13. [PMID: 11846206 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.195.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-related factors are believed to regulate angiogenesis, an essential event in the growth of solid tumors. In this study, we investigated the expression of VEGF-related factor genes (VEGF, VEGF-B, and VEGF-C) and their receptor genes (VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There were significant differences in the expression level of VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 between RCC and the corresponding normal renal tissue. The expression level of VEGF in the tumor tissue significantly correlated with those of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. Expression levels VEGF-B and VEGF-C genes were not significantly different between RCC and normal renal tissue. A moderate to high protein expression for VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 was observed in both the tumor cells and the endothelial cells, whereas the protein expression was low for VEGF-B and VEGF-C. The present results suggested that VEGF and its receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 cooperates to play a crucial role in the angiogenesis of RCC, while VEGF-B and VEGFR-C may not. Furthermore, since VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 proteins were expressed in the tumor cells as well as in the endothelial cells, these receptors may also be responsible for the progression of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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21
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Muranova TA, Ruzheinikov SN, Sedelnikova SE, Moir A, Partridge LJ, Kakinuma H, Takahashi N, Shimazaki K, Sun J, Nishi Y, Rice DW. The preparation and crystallization of Fab fragments of a family of mouse esterolytic catalytic antibodies and their complexes with a transition-state analogue. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2001; 57:1192-5. [PMID: 11468416 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444901010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2001] [Accepted: 06/19/2001] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Fab fragments of a family of mouse esterolytic monoclonal antibodies MS6-12, MS6-126 and MS6-164 have been obtained by digestion of whole antibodies with papain, purified and crystallized in a range of different forms either alone or in complex with a transition-state analogue. The crystals diffract X-rays to resolutions between 2.1 and 1.2 A and are suitable for structural studies. The determination of these structures could be important in understanding the different catalytic power of each of these related catalytic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Muranova
- Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, England
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Kakinuma H, Habuchi T, Ito T, Mishina M, Sato K, Satoh S, Akao T, Ogawa O, Kato T. BCL10 is not a major target for frequent loss of 1p in testicular germ cell tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 126:134-8. [PMID: 11376806 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(00)00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The deletion of chromosome 1p is one of the frequent genetic alterations found in testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs), suggesting the presence of a tumor suppressor gene. BCL10, which was identified as a gene altered in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, has been mapped at 1p22. The gene has been reported to be mutated in a variety of human cancers. In this study, we investigated the allelic deletions on 1p and the mutation of BCL10 in 51 GCTs comprising 30 seminomas and 21 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 1p was tested using three microsatellite markers. The search for BCL10 mutations in each of the three exons was screened by a single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and samples with abnormal bandshifts were directly sequenced. LOH at at least one locus tested was found in 42% (21/49) of the tumors (43% of seminomas and 38% of NSGCTs). SSCP and direct sequence analyses revealed that there were single nucleotide polymorphisms at codon 5, 8, 162, and intron 1. However, there were no somatic mutations of BCL10 in the 51 tumors. In support of the previous studies, our results demonstrated that LOH on 1p is frequent in both seminomas and NSGCTs, indicating that there is an important tumor suppressor on 1p in GCT. However, the results indicate that BCL10 is not a candidate target gene of the 1p deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, 010-8543, Akita, Japan
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Abstract
Enzymes have evolved their ability to use binding energies for catalysis by increasing the affinity for the transition state of a reaction and decreasing the affinity for the ground state. To evolve abzymes toward higher catalytic activity, we have reconstructed an enzyme-evolutionary process in vitro. Thus, a phage-displayed combinatorial library from a hydrolytic abzyme, 6D9, generated by the conventional in vivo method with immunization of the transition-state analog (TSA), was screened against a newly devised TSA to optimize the differential affinity for the transition state relative to the ground state. The library format successfully afforded evolved variants with 6- to 20-fold increases in activity (kcat) as compared with 6D9. Structural analysis revealed an advantage of the in vitro evolution over the in vivo evolution: an induced catalytic residue in the evolved abzyme arises from double mutations in one codon, which rarely occur in somatic hypermutation in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Laboratory of Life Science and Biomolecular Engineering, Japan Tobacco, Inc., 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-8512, Japan
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Habuchi T, Takahashi T, Kakinuma H, Wang L, Tsuchiya N, Satoh S, Akao T, Sato K, Ogawa O, Knowles MA, Kato T. Hypermethylation at 9q32-33 tumour suppressor region is age-related in normal urothelium and an early and frequent alteration in bladder cancer. Oncogene 2001; 20:531-7. [PMID: 11313984 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2000] [Revised: 11/07/2000] [Accepted: 11/17/2000] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional silencing by CpG island hypermethylation of gene regulatory regions is one mechanism for inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. Chromosome 9q deletion is frequently found in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder and upper urinary tract and one of the putative tumour suppressor loci has been mapped to 9q32-33. A gene designated as DBCCR1 was identified in the candidate region and its mRNA expression is thought to be suppressed by hypermethylation. To understand the role of hypermethylation in TCC, we evaluated the methylation status of 20 CpG sites of the DBCCR1 5'-CpG island region in a total of 69 tumours from 45 patients, 21 normal urothelial specimens, and six bladder cancer cell lines. Aberrant hypermethylation levels were found in 36 (52%) of 69 tumours without any association with tumour grade or stage. Methylation was weakly detected in the normal urothelium in association with ageing. Although recurrent tumours tended to have higher methylation levels than the initial tumours, the methylation pattern was mostly maintained between multifocal TCCs in individual patients. The results suggest that hypermethylation of the DBCCR1 region is one of the earliest alterations in the development of TCCs and there may be an age-related hypermethylation-based field defect in normal urothelium. Methylator or methylation-resistant phenotype seems to be maintained during multifocal development or recurrence of most TCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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25
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Sasaki R, Habuchi T, Sato K, Akao T, Kakinuma H, Zhang LQ, Wang L, Matsuo S, Sasaki S, Ogawa O, Kato T. The clinical utility of measuring total PSA, PSA density, gamma-seminoprotein and gamma-seminoprotein/total PSA in prostate cancer prediction. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2000; 30:337-42. [PMID: 11059338 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyd089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether serum total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (serum total PSA level divided by prostate volume), gamma-seminoprotein and gamma-seminoprotein/total PSA ratio could predict prostate cancer (PCa) prior to biopsy. METHODS A total of 316 consecutive patients who had undergone transrectal prostate biopsy and/or transurethral resection were examined. The prostate volume was determined by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and the ability of the above-mentioned four variables to distinguish PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was evaluated. RESULTS PCa was detected in 61 cases. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that both the PSA density and serum total PSA were the most useful predictors of PCa among the four variables. For the patients with a serum total PSA level of 4.1-10.0 ng/ml, PSA density was significantly more accurate than total PSA (p < 0.005). An optimum PSA density value of 0.18 was chosen as a cutoff because it showed the highest sum of sensitivity and specificity, 92 and 54%, respectively. Using this PSA density cutoff, the number of biopsies could have been reduced to 57 from 63% when compared with a PSA density of 0.15. CONCLUSIONS PSA density was significantly more accurate than other variables in predicting PCa. To avoid unnecessary biopsies, the PSA density cutoff value of 0.18 would be recommendable for determining a prostate biopsy for Japanese males with a serum total PSA level of 4.1-10.0 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sasaki
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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26
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Takahashi N, Kakinuma H, Hamada K, Shimazaki K, Yamasaki Y, Matsushita H, Nishi Y. Improved generation of catalytic antibodies by MRL/MPJ-lpr/lpr autoimmune mice. J Immunol Methods 2000; 235:113-20. [PMID: 10675763 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(99)00224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To compare the abilities of different strains of mice to elicit catalytic antibodies (Abs), we determined the occurrence of esterolytic Abs in BALB/c (normal strain) and MRL/MPJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr, autoimmune) mice after immunization with the transition state analog (TSA) 1. Hybridoma supernatants elicited against TSA 1 were screened by ELISA for binding to the BSA-conjugated TSA 1 (=3b), and then screened for binding to the BSA-linked short TSA 2 (=4). We obtained eight times more positives from MRL/lpr mice than from BALB/c mice by these screening steps. The monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) obtained here were examined for binding and catalytic activity. Fifteen of 25 mAbs from MRL/lpr had esterolytic activity, compared with only two of 21 mAbs from BALB/c. These results demonstrated that the occurrence of catalytic Abs was much higher in MRL/lpr mice than in BALB/c mice, which is in good agreement with the previous report by Tawfik et al. [Tawfik, D.S., Chap, R., Green, B.S., Sela, M., Eshhar, Z., 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 2145-2149] using a different kind of TSA. Thus, these studies strongly suggest that using the appropriate strain can be a key factor in the efficient production of catalytic Abs. Furthermore, these mAbs were characterized to elucidate the mechanism of strain difference, and determine whether MRL/lpr mice can be used with other TSAs for the efficient production of catalytic Abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Laboratory of Life Science and Biomolecular Engineering, Japan Tobacco, 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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27
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Kakinuma H, Saito Y, Sato H, Kobayashi T. [Blind orotracheal intubation using Trachilight in a pediatric patient with Arnold-Chiari malformation]. Masui 1999; 48:1253-4. [PMID: 10586565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
We used Trachilight for orotracheal intubation in an 11-year-old boy with severe cervical abnormality caused by Arnold-Chiari malformation. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol, fentanyl and ketamine, and tracheal intubation was successfully performed with this device using intravenous vecuronium. The patient underwent suboccipital decompression, C-1 laminectomy and duraplasty in the prone position under general anesthesia. The peroperative course was uneventful. We conclude that Trachilight is useful for orotracheal intubation in a patient with Arnold-Chiari malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Anesthesia, Sano Kousei General Hospital
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Takahashi N, Kakinuma H, Hamada K, Shimazaki K, Takahashi K, Niihata S, Aoki Y, Matsushita H, Nishi Y. Efficient screening for catalytic antibodies using a short transition-state analog and detailed characterization of selected antibodies. Eur J Biochem 1999; 261:108-14. [PMID: 10103040 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to acquiring catalytic antibodies is that it requires labor-intensive procedures to select catalytic antibodies from huge repertories of antibodies. Here, we selected potential catalytic Abs by utilizing their affinity towards a short transition-state analog which contained only the transition-state structural element, and evaluated in detail its efficiency to enrich catalytic Abs. Hybridoma supernatants elicited against a phosphonate derivative, the TSA1, were screened by a three-step screening process: step 1, ELISA for TSA1-BSA; step 2, ELISA for the short TSA4; and step 3, competitive-inhibition by the short TSA2. Only 22. 8% of positive mAbs from step 1 were found to be catalytic. The rate of catalytic Abs increased to 45.7% using screening steps 1 plus 2, and reached 83.3% using all three screening steps. This clearly suggests that our screening protocol is an efficient method to select potential catalytic Abs. Furthermore, we characterized the properties of both the catalytic Abs and the noncatalytic Abs in detail. The catalytic Abs tended to have lower Kd for TSA1 and the short TSA2 than noncatalytic Abs. It was also observed that catalytic Abs showed clear enantiospecificity toward substrate 6 containing d-phenylalanine while noncatalytic Abs did not. The detailed analysis of kinetic and binding parameters for these antibodies gives us further insight into catalytic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Laboratory of Life Science & Biomolecular Engineering, Japan Tobacco, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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30
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Suzuki T, Tsuchiya N, Otomo R, Kakinuma H, Satoh S, Sato K, Ogawa O, Kato T. Primary tumor of the ureteral stump following a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Int J Urol 1999; 6:41-3. [PMID: 10221864 DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-2042.1999.06124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 64-year-old man presented with asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria during a follow up for a localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which was treated by a right radical nephrectomy 6 years earlier. METHODS X-rays and a ureteroscopic examination revealed multiple papillary tumors filling the right ureteral stump. Surgery was performed to excise the ureteral stump and bladder cuff. The tumor was histologically a grade 2-3 transitional cell carcinoma without muscle invasion. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Only four patients with a ureteral stump carcinoma, including the present case, have been reported after a nephrectomy for RCC. Considering that this patient had a past history of multiple cancers, genetic or environmental factors may have contributed to the etiology of the ureteral stump tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan.
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31
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Takizawa Y, Shimizu H, Pulkkinen L, Suzumori K, Kakinuma H, Uitto J, Nishikawa T. Combination of a novel frameshift mutation (1929delCA) and a recurrent nonsense mutation (W610X) of the LAMB3 gene in a Japanese patient with Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa, and their application for prenatal testing. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 111:1239-41. [PMID: 9856852 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5600370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Nakamura T, Kakinuma H, Imaku M, Takahashi H, Nojima T, Kumano K, Iizuka H. A large lateral parapharyngeal heterotopic brain tissue extending into the intracranial area. J Child Neurol 1998; 13:518-20. [PMID: 9796760 DOI: 10.1177/088307389801301011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
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33
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Nakano S, Fukuda M, Hotta F, Ito T, Ishii T, Kitazawa M, Nishizawa M, Kigoshi T, Kakinuma H, Takahashi H, Uchida K. Mitochondrial DNA point mutation at nucleotide pair 3316 in a Japanese family with heterogeneous phenotypes of diabetes. Endocr J 1998; 45:625-30. [PMID: 10395242 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.45.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutation at nucleotide pair (np) 3316 has been reported in relation to diabetes. We recently encountered a non-obese family with this type of mutation. The proband in the affected family, a 49-year-old woman who had been previously diagnosed as having an insulin-requiring non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), was referred to our hospital for treatment of diabetic gangrene in her left foot. Her insulin secretory capacity was markedly reduced, but the insulin sensitivity evaluated by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique was normal. In addition, her serum lactate level was markedly increased after a 5 min ambulation, although her serum pyruvate and ketones remained within the normal range. Twenty-year-old twin sons had been treated with insulin since the age of 7, when both were diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The proband's mother, a 68-year-old, was nondiabetic at this time. MtDNA analysis revealed a point mutation at np 3316 in all family members, which was homoplasmic for the mutation on a photograph of agarose gel electrophoresis containing ethidium bromide under ultraviolet light. This mutation seemed to be maternally transmitted in the family, and the onset of diabetes was occurring earlier and the insulin secretory capacity was declining from generation to generation, so that these findings suggest that the point mutation at np 3316 is associated with various phenotypes of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Uchinada, Japan
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34
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Kozaki S, Kamata Y, Nishiki T, Kakinuma H, Maruyama H, Takahashi H, Karasawa T, Yamakawa K, Nakamura S. Characterization of Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin associated with infant botulism in japan. Infect Immun 1998; 66:4811-6. [PMID: 9746583 PMCID: PMC108594 DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.10.4811-4816.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxin of strain 111 (111/NT) associated with type B infant botulism showed antigenic and biological properties different from that (Okra/NT) produced by a food-borne botulism-related strain, Okra. The specific toxicity of 111/NT was found to be about 10 times lower than that of Okra/NT. The monoclonal antibodies recognizing the light chain cross-reacted with both neurotoxins, whereas most of the antibodies recognizing the carboxyl-terminal half of the heavy chain of Okra/NT did not react to 111/NT. Binding experiments with rat brain synaptosomes revealed that 125I-labeled 111/NT bound to a single binding site with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.5 nM; the value was rather lower than that (0.42 nM) of 125I-Okra/NT for the high-affinity binding site. In the lipid vesicles reconstituted with ganglioside GT1b, 125I-Okra/NT interacted with the amino-terminal domain of synaptotagmin 1 (Stg1N) or synaptotagmin 2 (Stg2N), fused with the maltose-binding protein, in the same manner as the respective full-length synaptotagmins, and the Kd values accorded with those of the low- and high-affinity binding sites in synaptosomes. However, 125I-111/NT only exhibited a low capacity for binding to the lipid vesicles containing Stg2N, but not Stg1N, in the presence of ganglioside GT1b. Moreover, synaptobrevin-2, an intracellular target protein, was digested to the same extent by the light chains of both neurotoxins in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings indicate that the 111/NT molecule possesses the receptor-recognition site structurally different from Okra/NT, probably causing a decreased specific toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Ishikawa, Japan.
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35
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Sato K, Sasaki R, Ogura Y, Shimoda N, Togashi H, Terada K, Sugiyama T, Kakinuma H, Ogawa O, Kato T. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor gene and its receptor (flt-1) gene in urinary bladder cancer. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1998; 185:173-84. [PMID: 9823778 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.185.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and its receptor gene (flt-1) in 30 patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder by Northern blot hybridization analysis. The VEGF transcript was observed in all of the tumors and the normal mucosae. Of the 20 tumors in which a comparative study was done, eight (40.0%) overexpressed the gene with a tumor versus normal ratio of equal to and greater than 3.0. Invasive TCCs expressed significantly more VEGF gene than superficial TCCs. Cytoplasm of tumor cells was positively stained by immunohistochemistry with an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, while the intratumoral endothelial cells and the vascular smooth muscle cells were weakly positive for the staining. TCCs, normal mucosae and human umbilical endothelial cells expressed flt-1 gene, while leucocytes from peripheral blood did not. The expression level of flt-1 gene significantly correlated with that of the VEGF gene in the tumor. These results indicate that the VEGF gene is frequently overexpressed in TCC of the urinary bladder, especially in muscle invasive tumors, and that a paracrine system including VEGF and flt-1 exists between the TCC cells and the adjacent endothelial cells so as to regulate the angiogenesis in this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sato
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine.
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36
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Abstract
Many transcription factors involved in the determination and maintenance of cell fates share DNA-binding motifs to form gene families. The most recently discovered evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding domain of 100 amino acids, termed the forkhead domain, emerged from a sequence comparison of the rat transcription factor HNF-3 alpha and the homeotic gene fork head of Drosophila. Here we describe the isolation of a new mouse forkhead gene named LUN. Of a total of five forkhead genes in the lung, the LUN gene was uniquely expressed in the bronchiolar epithelium and in type II pneumocytes. We found that the LUN protein has forkhead domain that is identical to the HFH8 gene and a C-terminal region that is very similar to the HFH8 gene. Based on the structural similarity of the two proteins, we investigated the structure-function relationship of the LUN protein in two kinds of promoters and found that regions C and D work differently as activation domains, namely that region C acts autonomously but region D cannot work without region C. These results suggest that the LUN gene may play an important role as a transactivator in the determination and maintenance of some types of cells in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan.
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37
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Tsuruoka A, Kaku Y, Kakinuma H, Tsukada I, Yanagisawa M, Nara K, Naito T. Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel thiazole-containing triazole antifungals. II. Optically active ER-30346 and its derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998; 46:623-30. [PMID: 9579038 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.46.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel thiazole-containing triazole antifungals was synthesized and evaluated for antifungal activity against a variety of clinically isolated pathogenic fungi in vitro and against systemic candidosis in vivo. These compounds showed potent antifungal activities in vitro and in vivo. In particular, (2R,3R)-3-[4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazol-2-yl]-2-(2,4- difluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanol (12g; ER-30346) showed potent and well-balanced in vitro activities and potent in vivo efficacy, and had a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tsuruoka
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
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38
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Iwamoto I, Endo M, Kakinuma H, Suzuki H. Multiple basal cell carcinoma developing two years after 60Co irradiation. Eur J Dermatol 1998; 8:180-2. [PMID: 9649688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A 66-year-old Japanese man developed multiple basal cell carcinoma 2 years after receiving 60Co irradiation for oropharyngeal tumors. All of the tumors were located within the radiation fields where the skin was atrophied and telangiectatic. In the present case, the total dose (112 Gy) of 60Co radiation received by the patient had been large and the latent period was much shorter than in previously reported cases. It is suggested that the reasons for the short latency in our case were 1) the total radiation dose and 2) the fact that the area irradiated was a frequently sun-exposed area.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Iwamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Surugadai Nihon University Hospital, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 101, Japan
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39
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Iida K, Koseki H, Kakinuma H, Kato N, Mizutani-Koseki Y, Ohuchi H, Yoshioka H, Noji S, Kawamura K, Kataoka Y, Ueno F, Taniguchi M, Yoshida N, Sugiyama T, Miura N. Essential roles of the winged helix transcription factor MFH-1 in aortic arch patterning and skeletogenesis. Development 1997; 124:4627-38. [PMID: 9409679 DOI: 10.1242/dev.124.22.4627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchyme Fork Head-1 (MFH-1) is a forkhead (also called winged helix) transcription factor defined by a common 100-amino acid DNA-binding domain. MFH-1 is expressed in non-notochordal mesoderm in the prospective trunk region and in cephalic neural-crest and cephalic mesoderm-derived mesenchymal cells in the prechordal region of early embryos. Subsequently, strong expression is localized in developing cartilaginous tissues, kidney and dorsal aortas. To investigate the developmental roles of MFH-1 during embryogenesis, mice lacking the MFH-1 locus were generated by targeted mutagenesis. MFH-1-deficient mice died embryonically and perinatally, and exhibited interrupted aortic arch and skeletal defects in the neurocranium and the vertebral column. Interruption of the aortic arch seen in the mutant mice was the same as in human congenital anomalies. These results suggest that MFH-1 has indispensable roles during the extensive remodeling of the aortic arch in neural-crest-derived cells and in skeletogenesis in cells derived from the neural crest and the mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iida
- Department of Biochemistry, Akita University School of Medicine, Hondo, Japan
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40
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Yamakawa K, Karasawa T, Kakinuma H, Maruyama H, Takahashi H, Nakamura S. Emergence of Clostridium botulinum type B-like nontoxigenic organisms in a patient with type B infant botulism. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35:2163-4. [PMID: 9230406 PMCID: PMC229927 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.8.2163-2164.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We encountered a patient with infant botulism caused by a single clone of Clostridium botulinum type B. In the early convalescent phase, a C. botulinum type B-like nontoxigenic organism emerged in the feces instead. Growth inhibition of toxigenic strains by nontoxigenic strains was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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41
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Tsuruoka A, Kaku Y, Kakinuma H, Tsukada I, Yanagisawa M, Naito T. Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel thiazole-containing triazole antifungals. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1997; 45:1169-76. [PMID: 9246751 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.45.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A new series of thiazole-containing triazole antifungals was synthesized and evaluated for antifungal activity against a variety of clinically isolated pathogenic fungi in vitro and against systemic candidosis in vivo. Among these compounds, (+/-)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-[4-(2,4-difluorophenyl) thiazol-2-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanol (ER24161) showed the most potent and well-balanced in vitro activities and excellent in vivo efficacy. We also achieved an enantioselective synthesis of the more potent enantiomer of ER-24161.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tsuruoka
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
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42
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Kakinuma H, Maruyama H, Yamakawa K, Nakamura S, Takahashi H. Application of nested polymerase chain reaction for the rapid diagnosis of infant botulism type B. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1997; 39:346-8. [PMID: 9241898 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1997.tb03750.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A nested polymerase chain reaction was utilized to successfully detect the type B botulinum neurotoxin gene of Clostridium botulinum in feces from a 6-month-old patient, who had already been diagnosed with type B infant botulism by mouse bio-assay. This method of rapid diagnosis without enrichment culture of feces can be applied to other types of toxins in the use of the type-specific primers. Further investigations, however, are required to define the sensitivity and specificity of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan
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43
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Miura N, Iida K, Kakinuma H, Yang XL, Sugiyama T. Isolation of the mouse (MFH-1) and human (FKHL 14) mesenchyme fork head-1 genes reveals conservation of their gene and protein structures. Genomics 1997; 41:489-92. [PMID: 9169153 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The very recently found evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding domain of 100 amino acids, termed the fork head domain, emerged from a sequence comparison of the rat hepatocyte transcription factor HNF-3 alpha and the homeotic gene fork head of Drosophila. We previously isolated a new member of this family, the mesenchyme fork head-1 (MFH-1) gene, which is expressed in developing mesenchyme. Here we describe the isolation of the mouse (MFH-1) and human (FKHL14) chromosomal MFH-1 genes and the determination of the gene and protein structures of MFH-1. We found that the MFH-1 gene has no introns and that the identity of the amino acid sequences of mouse and human MFH-1 proteins is 94%. We also investigated the transcriptional activity of the mouse and human MFH-1 proteins and found that both proteins act as positive transactivators.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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44
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45
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Abstract
A six-month-old girl with a 5 consecutive day history of constipation and poor feeding developed generalized weakness, poor head control, difficulties in sucking and swallowing, and cranial nerve dysfunction within a few days. These characteristic manifestations and clinical course prompted examination of the possibility of infant botulism, although no history of eating honey was obtained. Mouse bioassay performed with enema effluent demonstrated type B botulinum toxin. Culture of the effluent was positive for Clostridium botulinum type B. This is the first case of type B infant botulism in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
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46
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Abstract
We present two patients with refractory papular eruptions and severe candidiasis. Both of them are positive for treponema pallidum and have suffered from pruritic papular eruptions (PPE) that had resisted therapy for years. Also, candidiasis appeared in the mouth, at intertriginous sites, and on the feet. The clinical features suggested immunodeficiency, and HIV tests were positive. Histologically, the specimen from the PPE lesion showed perivascular and perifollicular mixed cell infiltration. The fungus was identified by both Parker-KOH-mount examination and mycologic culture as Candida albicans. The pruritic papules were healed almost completely with oral antihistamine and topical corticosteroid treatment, and the candidiasis mostly disappeared after treatment with topical antifungal agents alone. We learned from these two cases that refractory PPE and severe candidiasis indicate a need for HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Uchigasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Surugadai Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Kakinuma H, Sasaki R, Sato K, Hirano S, Miura K, Sasaki S, Kato T. [Prognostic importance of prostate specific antigen in patients with hormonally treated stage D2 prostate carcinoma]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 87:997-1003. [PMID: 8776967 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.87.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between PSA value and prognosis of the patients with stage D2 prostate carcinoma. METHODS Serum prostate specific antigen was analyzed in 61 patients with stage D2 prostate carcinoma submitted to hormone therapy. RESULTS The median values of PSA parameters were 77.6 ng/ml for the initial PSA, 91.8% for the maximal decrease, 2.7 ng/ml for the nadir, 1.1 months for the half-time time, 3.0 months for the time to nadir, 3.2 months for the doubling time after progression and 0.39 for the ratio of antemortem versus initial PSA. The median biochemical progression-free time was 15.0 months and the median actuarial survival after progression was 24.9 months. The progression-free time was significantly correlated with the normalization of PSA (p < 0.001) and the initial PSA of less than 100 ng/ml (p < 0.05), and the survival time after progression was significantly correlated with the doubling time (p < 0.05). The normalization of PSA was affected by initial value, maximal decrease rate and half-life time of PSA respectively, but not by the histological grade of the primary tumors. The doubling time was not correlated with these factors nor with the progression-free time. CONCLUSION The results show that the initial value, nadir level and doubling time of PSA can be used as prognostic parameters for prostatic carcinoma. Both the low ratio of premortem versus initial PSA, which may reflect an increase of stem cell fraction, and the PSA doubling time after relapse, which seems similar to or shorter than that of untreated cases, will indicate an aggressive potential of hormone-refractory tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine
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48
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Kakinuma H, Yuasa H, Hashimoto H. Synthesis of 1',6'-disubstituted sucroses and their behavior as glucosyl donors for a microbial alpha-glucosyltransferase. Carbohydr Res 1996; 284:61-72. [PMID: 8625358 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(96)00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Versatile 6'-chloro-6'-deoxy-1'-substituted sucrose derivatives were synthesized in search of an optimum donor substrate for the intermolecular transglucosylation with the alpha-glucosyltransferase from Protaminobacter rubrum. Two substituents at the C-1' and C-6' positions of sucrose were introduced utilizing the distinct reactivity of the corresponding sulfonates. Methyl beta-D-arabinofuranoside was most efficiently glucosylated with the 1'-deoxy derivative 5. Hydroxyl and fluoro groups at C-1' show a tendency to enhance the intramolecular transglucosylations, giving 3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-fructose derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakinuma
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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49
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Kato T, Sato K, Sasaki R, Kakinuma H, Moriyama M. Targeted cancer chemotherapy with arterial microcapsule chemoembolization: review of 1013 patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1996; 37:289-96. [PMID: 8548873 DOI: 10.1007/s002800050388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the feasibility of intraarterial infusion of microencapsulated anticancer drugs (chemoembolization), collective data on 1013 cancer patients were reviewed. Ethylcellulose microcapsules containing mitomycin C (median total dose 20 mg), cisplatin (60 mg) or peplomycin (40 mg) were given to tumor-feeding arteries by bolus infusion in 79% of the patients and by fractionated infusion in the others, as a palliative (71%) or preoperative measure (29%). The target sites were the liver (42%), kidney (24%), intrapelvic organs (18%), lung (4%), head and neck (3%), bone (1%) and others (9%), excluding the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. The incidence of overall adverse effects ranged from 0.2 to 54.9%, but grade 2-3 hematological, renal and hepatic toxicities, local pain, abdominal discomfort, cutaneous reaction, remote embolization and infection were < 10%. Nine patients (0.9%) in the early stages of trials suffered serious complications including treatment-related death in two with critical underlying diseases of the target organs. The remaining patients recovered from the adverse effects, except for grade 2 cutaneous reactions, within 2 months by routine palliative measures. A > or = 50% tumor reduction was seen in 28% of 427 evaluable tumors (42% for < 25-cm2 tumors and 20% for > or = 25-cm2 tumors) with a median treatment number of one. The response rate depended on both the tumor size and the treatment number (P < 0.05), but it was not affected by prior therapies. Mitomycin C microcapsules produced a higher response rate. Complete or partial remission of intractable pain and genitourinary gross hemorrhage was found in two-thirds of eligible patients. The results indicate that this treatment modality, though restricted by catheter technique, can be applied to various tumor lesions with an acceptable morbidity and prospective trials are justified to evaluate the potential role of such a targeted chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kato
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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