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Latour YL, McNamara KM, Allaman MM, Barry DP, Smith TM, Asim M, Williams KJ, Hawkins CV, Jacobse J, Goettel JA, Delgado AG, Piazuelo MB, Washington MK, Gobert AP, Wilson KT. Myeloid deletion of talin-1 reduces mucosal macrophages and protects mice from colonic inflammation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22368. [PMID: 38102166 PMCID: PMC10724268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal immune response is crucial in maintaining a healthy gut, but the enhanced migration of macrophages in response to pathogens is a major contributor to disease pathogenesis. Integrins are ubiquitously expressed cellular receptors that are highly involved in immune cell adhesion to endothelial cells while in the circulation and help facilitate extravasation into tissues. Here we show that specific deletion of the Tln1 gene encoding the protein talin-1, an integrin-activating scaffold protein, from cells of the myeloid lineage using the Lyz2-cre driver mouse reduces epithelial damage, attenuates colitis, downregulates the expression of macrophage markers, decreases the number of differentiated colonic mucosal macrophages, and diminishes the presence of CD68-positive cells in the colonic mucosa of mice infected with the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Bone marrow-derived macrophages lacking expression of Tln1 did not exhibit a cell-autonomous phenotype; there was no impaired proinflammatory gene expression, nitric oxide production, phagocytic ability, or surface expression of CD11b, CD86, or major histocompatibility complex II in response to C. rodentium. Thus, we demonstrate that talin-1 plays a role in the manifestation of infectious colitis by increasing mucosal macrophages, with an effect that is independent of macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne L Latour
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave., 1030C MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232-0252, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kara M McNamara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Margaret M Allaman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel P Barry
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thaddeus M Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kamery J Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caroline V Hawkins
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justin Jacobse
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave., 1030C MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232-0252, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeremy A Goettel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave., 1030C MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232-0252, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alberto G Delgado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Blanca Piazuelo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave., 1030C MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232-0252, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alain P Gobert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave., 1030C MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232-0252, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Wu W, Zhou D, Xuan R, Zhou J, Liu J, Chen J, Han H, Niu T, Li X, Chen H, Wang F. λ-carrageenan exacerbates Citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious colitis in mice by targeting gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105940. [PMID: 34666171 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For nearly half a century, the scientific community has been unable to agree upon the safety profile of carrageenan (CGN), a ubiquitous food additive. Little is known about the mechanisms by which consumption of CGN aggravates the etiopathogenesis of murine colitis. However, analyses of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity have provided a breakthrough in explaining the synergistic effect of CGN upon colitis. In Citrobacter rodentium-induced infectious murine colitis, inflammation and the clinical severity of gut tissue were aggravated in the presence of λ-CGN. Using fecal transplantation and germ-free mice experiments, we evaluated the role of intestinal microbiota on the pro-inflammatory effect of λ-CGN. Mice with high dietary λ-CGN consumption showed altered colonic microbiota composition that resulted in degradation of the colonic mucus layer, a raised fecal LPS level, and a decrease in the presence of bacterially derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mucus layer defects and altered fecal LPS and SCFA levels could be reproduced in germ-free mice by fecal transplantation from CGN-H-fed mice, but not from germ-free CGN-H-fed mice. Our results confirm that λ-CGN may create an environment that favors inflammation by altering gut microbiota composition and gut bacterial metabolism. The present study provides evidence that the "gut microbiota-barrier axis" could be an alternative target for ameliorating the colitis promoting effect of λ-CGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Sleep Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Rongrong Xuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jingwangwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Tingting Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Sleep Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China.
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Yan Y, Li Y, Lv M, Li W, Shi HN. Role of p40 phox in host defense against Citrobacter rodentium infection. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1476-1486. [PMID: 33780601 PMCID: PMC8091579 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a membrane-bound enzyme complex that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mutations in NOX subunit genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), indicating a crucial role for ROS in regulating host immune responses. In this study, we utilize genetically deficient mice to investigate whether defects in p40phox , one subunit of NOX, impair host immune response in the intestine and aggravate disease in an infection-based (Citrobacter rodentium) model of colitis. We show that p40phox deficiency does not increase susceptibility of mice to C. rodentium infection, as no differences in body weight loss, bacterial clearance, colonic pathology, cytokine production, or immune cell recruitment were observed between p40phox-/- and wild-type mice. Interestingly, higher IL-10 levels were observed in the supernatants of MLN cells and splenocytes isolated from infected p40phox -deficient mice. Further, a higher expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also noted in mice lacking p40phox . In contrast to wild-type mice, p40phox-/- mice exhibited greater NO production after LPS or bacterial antigen re-stimulation. These results suggest that p40phox-/- mice do not develop worsened colitis. While the precise mechanisms are unclear, it may involve the observed alteration in cytokine responses and enhancement in levels of iNOS and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Yan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and RegulationCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yali Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and RegulationCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | | | | | - Hai Ning Shi
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research CenterHarvard Medical SchoolMassachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMAUSA
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Bonten MJM, van Werkhoven CH. [Gastric acid suppression and antibiotic resistance; the role of a meta-analysis]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2021; 165:D5281. [PMID: 33720556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We discuss a meta-analysis that reported on the association between gastric acid suppression and carriage with antibiotic resistant bacteria, with a special focus on the association for carriage with ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in non-hospitalized subjects. Results from a recent population-based study (not included in the meta-analysis) were added to this subgroup of the meta-analysis. The data point to a positive, yet minor, association between gastric acid suppression and carriage with ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in non-hospitalized subjects in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J M Bonten
- UMC Utrecht, Julius Centrum voor Gezondheidswetenschappen en Eerstelijnsgeneeskunde, Utrecht (tevens: afd. Medische Microbiologie)
- Contact: M.J.M. Bonten
| | - C H van Werkhoven
- UMC Utrecht, Julius Centrum voor Gezondheidswetenschappen en Eerstelijnsgeneeskunde, Utrecht
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Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is a natural enteric mouse pathogen that models human intestinal diseases, such as pathogenic E. coli infections, ulcerative colitis, and colon cancer. Upon reaching the monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) lining the gut, a complex web of interactions between the host, the pathogen, and the microbiota ensues. A number of studies revealed surprisingly rapid changes in IEC bioenergetics upon infection, involving a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, leading to mucosal oxygenation and subsequent changes in microbiota composition. Microbiome studies have revealed a bloom in Enterobacteriaceae during C. rodentium infection in both resistant (i.e., C57BL/6) and susceptible (i.e., C3H/HeN) strains of mice concomitant with a depletion of butyrate-producing Clostridia. The emerging understanding that dysbiosis of cholesterol metabolism is induced by enteric infection further confirms the pivotal role immunometabolism plays in disease outcome. Inversely, the host and microbiota also impact upon the progression of infection, from the susceptibility of the distal colon to C. rodentium colonization to clearance of the pathogen, both via opsonization from the host adaptive immune system and out competition by the resident microbiota. Further complicating this compendium of interactions, C. rodentium exploits microbiota metabolites to fine-tune virulence gene expression and promote colonization. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of the myriad of pathogen-host-microbiota interactions that occur during the progression of C. rodentium infection in mice and the broader implications of these findings on our understanding of enteric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve G D Hopkins
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gad Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Fries-Craft K, Anast JM, Schmitz-Esser S, Bobeck EA. Host immunity and the colon microbiota of mice infected with Citrobacter rodentium are beneficially modulated by lipid-soluble extract from late-cutting alfalfa in the early stages of infection. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236106. [PMID: 32673362 PMCID: PMC7365448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa is a forage legume commonly associated with ruminant livestock production that may be a potential source of health-promoting phytochemicals. Anecdotal evidence from producers suggests that later cuttings of alfalfa may be more beneficial to non-ruminants; however, published literature varies greatly in measured outcomes, supplement form, and cutting. The objective of this study was to measure body weight, average daily feed intake, host immunity, and the colon microbiota composition in mice fed hay, aqueous, and chloroform extracts of early (1st) and late (5th) cutting alfalfa before and after challenge with Citrobacter rodentium. Prior to inoculation, alfalfa supplementation did not have a significant impact on body weight or feed intake, but 5th cutting alfalfa was shown to improve body weight at 5- and 6-days post-infection compared to 1st cutting alfalfa (P = 0.02 and 0.01). Combined with the observation that both chloroform extracts improved mouse body weight compared to control diets in later stages of C. rodentium infection led to detailed analyses of the immune system and colon microbiota in mice fed 1st and 5th cutting chloroform extracts. Immediately following inoculation, 5th cutting chloroform extracts significantly reduced the relative abundance of C. rodentium (P = 0.02) and did not display the early lymphocyte recruitment observed in 1st cutting extract. In later timepoints, both chloroform extracts maintained lower splenic B-cell and macrophage populations while increasing the relative abundance of potentially beneficially genera such as Turicibacter (P = 0.02). At 21dpi, only 5th cutting chloroform extracts increased the relative abundance of beneficial Akkermansia compared to the control diet (P = 0.02). These results suggest that lipid soluble compounds enriched in late-cutting alfalfa modulate pathogen colonization and early immune responses to Citrobacter rodentium, contributing to protective effects on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Fries-Craft
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - J. M. Anast
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - S. Schmitz-Esser
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - E. A. Bobeck
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wu Y, He Q, Yu L, Pham Q, Cheung L, Kim YS, Wang TTY, Smith AD. Indole-3-Carbinol Inhibits Citrobacter rodentium Infection through Multiple Pathways Including Reduction of Bacterial Adhesion and Enhancement of Cytotoxic T Cell Activity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040917. [PMID: 32230738 PMCID: PMC7230886 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and may result from dysregulated responses to commensal bacteria or exposure to bacterial pathogens. Dietary modulation of intestinal inflammation may protect against development of colon cancer. However, the precise diet-derived components and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Citrobacter rodentium (Cr) induces acute intestinal inflammation and has been used to study the role of inflammation in the susceptibility to colon cancer. Here we examine the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a dietary compound with anticarcinogenic properties, on intestinal immune and inflammatory responses to Cr infection and adhesion to colonic cells in vitro. C57BL/6J mice were fed a diet with/without 1 μmol/g I3C and infected with Cr. Compared to infected mice fed with a control diet, consumption of a 1 μmol I3C/g diet significantly reduced fecal excretion of Cr, Cr colonization of the colon, and reduced colon crypt hyperplasia. Furthermore, expression of Cr-induced inflammatory markers such as IL-17A, IL-6, and IL1β were attenuated in infected mice fed with the I3C diet, compared to mice fed a control diet. The expression of cytotoxic T cell markers CD8 and FasL mRNA were increased in I3C-fed infected mice. In-vitro, I3C inhibited Cr growth and adhesion to Caco-2 cells. I3C alleviates Cr-induced murine colitis through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of Cr growth and adhesion to colonic cells in vitro and enhancement of cytotoxic T cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Wu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Qiang He
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Quynhchi Pham
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Lumei Cheung
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Young S. Kim
- Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (T.T.Y.W.); (A.D.S.); Tel.: +1-(301)-504-8459 (T.T.Y.W.); +1-(301)-504-8577 (A.D.S.)
| | - Allen D. Smith
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (T.T.Y.W.); (A.D.S.); Tel.: +1-(301)-504-8459 (T.T.Y.W.); +1-(301)-504-8577 (A.D.S.)
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Song W, Sheng L, Chen F, Tian Y, Li L, Wang G, Li H, Cai Y. C. sakazakii activates AIM2 pathway accompanying with excessive ER stress response in mammalian mammary gland epithelium. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:223-233. [PMID: 31925678 PMCID: PMC7058749 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is a common inflammatory disease caused by various factors. The main factor of mastitis is pathogenic microorganism infection, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus. Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) is a newly discovered pathogenic bacteria in milk products, which seriously threat human health in recent years. At present, it has not been reported that the pathogenesis of mastitis is caused by C. sakazakii. This study investigated the inflammation of mammary gland epithelium, which was induced by C. sakazakii for the first time. We focused on bacterial isolation, histological observation, AIM2 inflammasome pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. The results showed that C. sakazakii-induced inflammation caused damage of tissue, significantly increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), activated the AIM2 inflammasome pathway (increased the expression of AIM2 and cleaved IL-1β), and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (increased the expression of ERdj4, Chop, Grp78) and apoptosis (increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, a marker of apoptosis). In conclusion, it is suggested that it maybe inhibite AIM2 inflammasome pathways and alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) against the C. sakazakii-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Le Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fanghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Weigang Dairy Company, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- DHI Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Yang D, Liu X, Xu W, Gu Z, Yang C, Zhang L, Tan J, Zheng X, Wang Z, Quan S, Zhang Y, Liu Q. The Edwardsiella piscicida thioredoxin-like protein inhibits ASK1-MAPKs signaling cascades to promote pathogenesis during infection. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007917. [PMID: 31314784 PMCID: PMC6636751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important that bacterium can coordinately deliver several effectors into host cells to disturb the cellular progress during infection, however, the precise role of effectors in host cell cytosol remains to be resolved. In this study, we identified a new bacterial virulence effector from pathogenic Edwardsiella piscicida, which presents conserved crystal structure to thioredoxin family members and is defined as a thioredoxin-like protein (Trxlp). Unlike the classical bacterial thioredoxins, Trxlp can be translocated into host cells, mimicking endogenous thioredoxin to abrogate ASK1 homophilic interaction and phosphorylation, then suppressing the phosphorylation of downstream Erk1/2- and p38-MAPK signaling cascades. Moreover, Trxlp-mediated inhibition of ASK1-Erk/p38-MAPK axis promotes the pathogenesis of E. piscicida in zebrafish larvae infection model. Taken together, these data provide insights into the mechanism underlying the bacterial thioredoxin as a virulence effector in downmodulating the innate immune responses during E. piscicida infection. Thioredoxin (Trx) is universally conserved thiol-oxidoreductase that regulates numerous cellular pathways under thiol-based redox control in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Despite its central importance, the mechanism of bacterial Trx recognizes its target proteins in host cellular signaling remains unknown. Here, we uncover a bacterial thioredoxin-like protein that can be translocated into host cells and mimic the endogenous TRX1 to target ASK1-MAPK signaling, finally facilitating bacterial pathogenesis. This work expands our understanding of bacterial thioredoxins in manipulating host innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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10
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Li J, Das S, Zhou D, Al-Huniti N. Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Probability of Target Attainment Analyses in Asian Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Ceftaroline Fosamil. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2019; 8:682-694. [PMID: 31044546 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficacy of ceftaroline fosamil, the prodrug of the active metabolite ceftaroline, was demonstrated in a phase 3 study of hospitalized Asian patients with Pneumonia Outcomes Research Team (PORT) risk class III-IV community-acquired pneumonia (NCT01371838). The objectives of the current analysis were to expand an existing ceftaroline and ceftaroline fosamil population pharmacokinetic (PK) model with data from this phase 3 study and a phase 1 study (NCT01458743) assessing ceftaroline PK in healthy Chinese volunteers and to evaluate the probability of PK/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target attainment (PTA) in Asian patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated with ceftaroline fosamil. The ceftaroline plasma concentration-time course was simulated for 5000 Asian patients with CAP for different renal function subgroups using the final model. PTA was calculated for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and non-extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. PTA was also evaluated for ceftaroline MIC90 values of isolates collected from Asia-Pacific surveillance studies (2012-2014) and for EUCAST and FDA/CLSI ceftaroline susceptibility break points. The final model reasonably described the ceftaroline PK. Race was not found to be a significant covariate impacting ceftaroline PK, suggesting similar ceftaroline PK in Asian and Western populations when corrected for body weight. High PTAs (90%-100%) were predicted for Asian patients with CAP treated with ceftaroline fosamil, covering MIC90 values of target CAP pathogens from the region. Similarly, >90% PTAs were predicted at EUCAST and FDA/CLSI clinical break points for these pathogens. These results support the use of the ceftaroline fosamil dosing regimens approved in Europe and the United States in Asian patients with PORT III-IV CAP.
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11
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Asempa TE, Motos A, Abdelraouf K, Bissantz C, Zampaloni C, Nicolau DP. Efficacy of Human-Simulated Epithelial Lining Fluid Exposure of Meropenem-Nacubactam Combination against Class A Serine β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Neutropenic Murine Lung Infection Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e02382-18. [PMID: 30670411 PMCID: PMC6437545 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02382-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nacubactam is a novel, broad-spectrum, β-lactamase inhibitor that is currently under development as combination therapy with meropenem. This study evaluated the efficacy of human-simulated epithelial lining fluid (ELF) exposures of meropenem, nacubactam, and the combination of meropenem and nacubactam against class A serine carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates in the neutropenic murine lung infection model. Twelve clinical meropenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter cloacae isolates, all harboring KPC or IMI-type β-lactamases, were utilized in the study. Meropenem, nacubactam, and meropenem-nacubactam (1:1) combination MICs were determined in triplicate via broth microdilution. At 2 h after intranasal inoculation, neutropenic mice were dosed with regimens that provided ELF profiles mimicking those observed in humans given meropenem at 2 g every 8 h and/or nacubactam at 2 g every 8 h (1.5-h infusions), alone or in combination. Efficacy was assessed as the change in bacterial growth at 24 h, compared with 0-h controls. Meropenem, nacubactam, and meropenem-nacubactam MICs were 8 to >64 μg/ml, 2 to >256 μg/ml, and 0.5 to 4 μg/ml, respectively. The average bacterial density at 0 h across all isolates was 6.31 ± 0.26 log10 CFU/lung. Relative to the 0-h control, the mean values of bacterial growth at 24 h in the untreated control, meropenem human-simulated regimen treatment, and nacubactam human-simulated regimen treatment groups were 2.91 ± 0.27, 2.68 ± 0.42, and 1.73 ± 0.75 log10 CFU/lung, respectively. The meropenem-nacubactam combination human-simulated regimen resulted in reductions of -1.50 ± 0.59 log10 CFU/lung. Meropenem-nacubactam human-simulated ELF exposure produced enhanced efficacy against all class A serine carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates tested in the neutropenic murine lung infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomefa E Asempa
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ana Motos
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kamilia Abdelraouf
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Caterina Bissantz
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Zampaloni
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Immunology, Inflammation, and Infectious Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - David P Nicolau
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
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12
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Lin YD, Arora J, Diehl K, Bora SA, Cantorna MT. Vitamin D Is Required for ILC3 Derived IL-22 and Protection From Citrobacter rodentium Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1. [PMID: 30723466 PMCID: PMC6349822 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is a gastrointestinal infection that requires early IL-22 from group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) for resistance. The role of vitamin D in the clearance of C. rodentium infection was tested in vitamin D sufficient (D+) and vitamin D deficient (D-) wildtype (WT) and Cyp27B1 (Cyp) KO mice (unable to produce the high affinity vitamin D ligand 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25D). Feeding Cyp KO mice D- diets reduced vitamin D levels and prevented synthesis of 1,25D. D- (WT and Cyp KO) mice had fewer ILC3 cells and less IL-22 than D+ mice. D- Cyp KO mice developed a severe infection that resulted in the lethality of the mice by d14 post-infection. T and B cell deficient D- Rag KO mice also developed a severe and lethal infection with C. rodentium compared to D+ Rag KO mice. D- WT mice survived the infection but took significantly longer to clear the C. rodentium infection than D+ WT or D+ Cyp KO mice. Treating infected D- Cyp KO mice with IL-22 protected the mice from lethality. Treating the D- WT mice with 1,25D reconstituted the ILC3 cells in the colon and protected the mice from C. rodentium. IL-22 treatment of D- WT mice eliminated the need for vitamin D to clear the C. rodentium infection. Vitamin D is required for early IL-22 production from ILC3 cells and protection from enteric infection with C. rodentium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ding Lin
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Juhi Arora
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Kevin Diehl
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Stephanie A. Bora
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Margherita T. Cantorna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
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13
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Kanvinde S, Chhonker YS, Ahmad R, Yu F, Sleightholm R, Tang W, Jaramillo L, Chen Y, Sheinin Y, Li J, Murry DJ, Singh AB, Oupický D. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of orally administered polymeric chloroquine as macromolecular drug in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Acta Biomater 2018; 82:158-170. [PMID: 30342282 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with poor understanding of its pathogenesis and no effective cure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of orally administered non-degradable polymeric chloroquine (pCQ) to locally reduce colon inflammation. The pCQ was synthesized by radical copolymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide with methacryloylated hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). The anti-inflammatory activity of orally administered pCQ versus HCQ was tested in a mouse model of colitis induced by Citrobacter rodentium (C. rodentium). Single-dose pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies performed in the colitis model indicated negligible systemic absorption (p ≤ 0.001) and localization of pCQ in the gastrointestinal tract. A multi-dose therapeutic study demonstrated that the localized pCQ treatment resulted in significant reduction in the colon inflammation (p ≤ 0.05). Enhanced suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (p ≤ 0.01) and IL1-β and opposing upregulation of IL-2 (p ≤ 0.05) recently reported to be involved in downstream anti-inflammatory events suggested that the anti-inflammatory effects of the pCQ are mediated by altering mucosal immune homeostasis. Overall, the reported findings demonstrate a potential of pCQ as a novel polymer therapeutic option in inflammatory bowel disease with the potential of local effects and minimized systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrey Kanvinde
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | | | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, United States
| | - Fei Yu
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Richard Sleightholm
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Weimin Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Lee Jaramillo
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Yi Chen
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Yuri Sheinin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Center, United States
| | - Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, United States
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
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14
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Tan S, Wang W, Zhong X, Tian C, Niu D, Bao L, Zhou T, Jin Y, Yang Y, Yuan Z, Gao D, Dunham R, Liu Z. Increased Alternative Splicing as a Host Response to Edwardsiella ictaluri Infection in Catfish. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2018; 20:729-738. [PMID: 30014301 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is the process of generating multiple transcripts from a single pre-mRNA used by eukaryotes to regulate gene expression and increase proteomic complexity. Although alternative splicing profiles have been well studied in mammalian species, they have not been well studied in aquatic species, especially after biotic stresses. In the present study, genomic information and RNA-Seq datasets were utilized to characterize alternative splicing profiles and their induced changes after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). A total of 27,476 alternative splicing events, derived from 9694 genes, were identified in channel catfish. Exon skipping was the most abundant while mutually exclusive exon was the least abundant type of alternative splicing. Alternative splicing was greatly induced by E. ictaluri infection with 21.9% increase in alternative splicing events. Interestingly, genes involved in RNA binding and RNA splicing themselves were significantly enriched in differentially alternatively spliced genes after infection. Sequence analyses of splice variants of a representative alternatively spliced gene, splicing factor srsf2, revealed that certain spliced transcripts may undergo nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), suggesting functional significance of the induced alternative splicing. Although statistical analysis was not possible with such large datasets, results from quantitative real-time PCR from representative differential alternative splicing events provided general validation of the bacterial infection-induced alternative splicing. This is the first comprehensive study of alternative splicing and its changes in response to bacterial infection in fish species, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of host responses to biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxu Tan
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Wenwen Wang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhong
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Changxu Tian
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Donghong Niu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisui Bao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Tao Zhou
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Yulin Jin
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Yujia Yang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Zihao Yuan
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dongya Gao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rex Dunham
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Zhanjiang Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Art and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.
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15
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Berger CN, Crepin VF, Roumeliotis TI, Wright JC, Serafini N, Pevsner-Fischer M, Yu L, Elinav E, Di Santo JP, Choudhary JS, Frankel G. The Citrobacter rodentium type III secretion system effector EspO affects mucosal damage repair and antimicrobial responses. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007406. [PMID: 30365535 PMCID: PMC6221368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Citrobacter rodentium triggers robust tissue damage repair responses, manifested by secretion of IL-22, in the absence of which mice succumbed to the infection. Of the main hallmarks of C. rodentium infection are colonic crypt hyperplasia (CCH) and dysbiosis. In order to colonize the host and compete with the gut microbiota, C. rodentium employs a type III secretion system (T3SS) that injects effectors into colonic intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Once injected, the effectors subvert processes involved in innate immune responses, cellular metabolism and oxygenation of the mucosa. Importantly, the identity of the effector/s triggering the tissue repair response is/are unknown. Here we report that the effector EspO ,an orthologue of OspE found in Shigella spp, affects proliferation of IECs 8 and 14 days post C. rodentium infection as well as secretion of IL-22 from colonic explants. While we observed no differences in the recruitment of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and T cells, which are the main sources of IL-22 at the early and late stages of C. rodentium infection respectively, infection with ΔespO was characterized by diminished recruitment of sub-mucosal neutrophils, which coincided with lower abundance of Mmp9 and chemokines (e.g. S100a8/9) in IECs. Moreover, mice infected with ΔespO triggered significantly lesser nutritional immunity (e.g. calprotectin, Lcn2) and expression of antimicrobial peptides (Reg3β, Reg3γ) compared to mice infected with WT C. rodentium. This overlapped with a decrease in STAT3 phosphorylation in IECs. Importantly, while the reduced CCH and abundance of antimicrobial proteins during ΔespO infection did not affect C. rodentium colonization or the composition of commensal Proteobacteria, they had a subtle consequence on Firmicutes subpopulations. EspO is the first bacterial virulence factor that affects neutrophil recruitment and secretion of IL-22, as well as expression of antimicrobial and nutritional immunity proteins in IECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric N. Berger
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie F. Crepin
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - James C. Wright
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | | | - Lu Yu
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eran Elinav
- Department of Immunology, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - James P. Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Jyoti S. Choudhary
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gad Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Kang E, Crouse A, Chevallier L, Pontier SM, Alzahrani A, Silué N, Campbell-Valois FX, Montagutelli X, Gruenheid S, Malo D. Enterobacteria and host resistance to infection. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:558-576. [PMID: 29785663 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria. Although many species exist as part of the natural flora of animals including humans, some members are associated with both intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. In this review, we focus on members of this family that have important roles in human disease: Salmonella, Escherichia, Shigella, and Yersinia, providing a brief overview of the disease caused by these bacteria, highlighting the contribution of animal models to our understanding of their pathogenesis and of host genetic determinants involved in susceptibility or resistance to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alanna Crouse
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Chevallier
- U955 - IMRB, Team 10 - Biology of the neuromuscular system, Inserm, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort, France
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie M Pontier
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ashwag Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Navoun Silué
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - François-Xavier Campbell-Valois
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xavier Montagutelli
- U955 - IMRB, Team 10 - Biology of the neuromuscular system, Inserm, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Malo
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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17
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Kang E, Zhou G, Yousefi M, Cayrol R, Xia J, Gruenheid S. Loss of disease tolerance during Citrobacter rodentium infection is associated with impaired epithelial differentiation and hyperactivation of T cell responses. Sci Rep 2018; 8:847. [PMID: 29339782 PMCID: PMC5770458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an intestinal mouse pathogen widely used as a model to study the mucosal response to infection. Inbred mouse strains suffer one of two fates following infection: self-limiting colitis or fatal diarrheal disease. We previously reported that Rspo2 is a major genetic determinant of the outcome of C. rodentium infection; Rspo2 induction during infection of susceptible mice leads to loss of intestinal function and mortality. Rspo2 induction does not impact bacterial colonization, but rather, impedes the ability of the host to tolerate C. rodentium infection. Here, we performed deep RNA sequencing and systematically analyzed the global gene expression profiles of C. rodentium-infected colon tissues from susceptible and resistant congenic mice strains to determine the common responses to infection and the Rspo2-mediated dysfunction pathway signatures associated with loss of disease tolerance. Our results highlight changes in metabolism, tissue remodeling, and host defence as common responses to infection. Conversely, increased Wnt and stem cell signatures, loss of epithelial differentiation, and exaggerated CD4+ T cell activation through increased antigen processing and presentation were specifically associated with the response to infection in susceptible mice. These data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal dysfunction and disease tolerance during C. rodentium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guangyan Zhou
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mitra Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romain Cayrol
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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18
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Zeng ZH, Du CC, Liu SR, Li H, Peng XX, Peng B. Glucose enhances tilapia against Edwardsiella tarda infection through metabolome reprogramming. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 61:34-43. [PMID: 27965164 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported that the survival of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, during Edwardsiella tarda infection is tightly associated with their metabolome, where the survived O. niloticus has distinct metabolomic profile to dying O. niloticus. Glucose is the key metabolite to distinguish the survival- and dying-metabolome. More importantly, exogenous administration of glucose to the fish greatly enhances their survival for the infection, indicating the functional roles of glucose in metabolome repurposing, known as reprogramming metabolomics. However, the underlying information for the reprogramming is not yet available. Here, GC/MS based metabolomics is used to understand the mechanisms by which how exogenous glucose elevates O. niloticus, anti-infectious ability to E. tarda. Results showed that exogenous glucose promotes stearic acid and palmitic acid biosynthesis but attenuates TCA cycle to potentiate O. niloticus against bacterial infection, which is confirmed by the fact that exogenous stearic acid increases immune protection in O. niloticus against E. tarda infection in a manner of Mx protein. These results indicate that exogenous glucose reprograms O. niloticus anti-infective metabolome that characterizes elevation of stearic acid and palmitic acid and attenuation of the TCA cycle. Therefore, our results proposed a novel mechanism that glucose promotes unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis to cope with infection, thereby highlighting a potential way of enhancing fish immunity in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao-Chao Du
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquat Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Rao Liu
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquat Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquat Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquat Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquat Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Boivin S, Caux C, Soucy C, Allard A. [Not Available]. Perspect Infirm 2016; 13:53-56. [PMID: 29381281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Boivin
- Direction de santé publique du CISSS des Laurentides, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Caux
- Faculté des sciences infirmières de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Soucy
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - André Allard
- Direction de santé publique du CISSS des Laurentides, Québec, Canada
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20
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Singh K, Al-Greene NT, Verriere TG, Coburn LA, Asim M, Barry DP, Allaman MM, Hardbower DM, Delgado AG, Piazuelo MB, Vallance BA, Gobert AP, Wilson KT. The L-Arginine Transporter Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 2 Mediates the Immunopathogenesis of Attaching and Effacing Bacteria. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005984. [PMID: 27783672 PMCID: PMC5081186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 7 member 2 (SLC7A2) is an inducible transporter of the semi-essential amino acid L-arginine (L-Arg), which has been implicated in immune responses to pathogens. We assessed the role of SLC7A2 in murine infection with Citrobacter rodentium, an attaching and effacing enteric pathogen that causes colitis. Induction of SLC7A2 was upregulated in colitis tissues, and localized predominantly to colonic epithelial cells. Compared to wild-type mice, Slc7a2–/–mice infected with C. rodentium had improved survival and decreased weight loss, colon weight, and histologic injury; this was associated with decreased colonic macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and Th1 and Th17 cells. In infected Slc7a2–/–mice, there were decreased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines G-CSF, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, and the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2, and CCL5. In bone marrow chimeras, the recipient genotype drove the colitis phenotype, indicative of the importance of epithelial, rather than myeloid SLC7A2. Mice lacking Slc7a2 exhibited reduced adherence of C. rodentium to the colonic epithelium and decreased expression of Talin-1, a focal adhesion protein involved in the attachment of the bacterium. The importance of SLC7A2 and Talin-1 in the intimate attachment of C. rodentium and induction of inflammatory response was confirmed in vitro, using conditionally-immortalized young adult mouse colon (YAMC) cells with shRNA knockdown of Slc7a2 or Tln1. Inhibition of L-Arg uptake with the competitive inhibitor, L-lysine (L-Lys), also prevented attachment of C. rodentium and chemokine expression. L-Lys and siRNA knockdown confirmed the role of L-Arg and SLC7A2 in human Caco-2 cells co-cultured with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Overexpression of SLC7A2 in human embryonic kidney cells increased bacterial adherence and chemokine expression. Taken together, our data indicate that C. rodentium enhances its own pathogenicity by inducing the expression of SLC7A2 to favor its attachment to the epithelium and thus create its ecological niche. Intestinal infections by attaching and effacing (A/E) bacteria widely impact human health, with major social and economic repercussions. Mucosal immunity plays a critical role in determining the outcome of these infections. The amino acid L-arginine regulates inflammatory responses to bacterial pathogens. We studied the role of the L-arginine transporter solute carrier family 7 member 2 (SLC7A2) during infection with the A/E pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. SLC7A2 is induced in colonic epithelial cells during the infection and facilitates the intimate attachment of the bacteria, thus initiating the inflammatory response of the infected mucosa. These data were confirmed in vitro using C. rodentium-infected mouse cells and human colonic epithelial cells infected with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Our work describes a mechanism by which A/E bacteria manipulate host response to favor their colonization, thereby positioning SLC7A2 as an unrecognized therapeutic target to limit infection with enterobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshipra Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nicole T. Al-Greene
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Thomas G. Verriere
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Lori A. Coburn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Barry
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Margaret M. Allaman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Dana M. Hardbower
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Alberto G. Delgado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - M. Blanca Piazuelo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alain P. Gobert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Keith T. Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Rankin LC, Girard-Madoux MJH, Seillet C, Mielke LA, Kerdiles Y, Fenis A, Wieduwild E, Putoczki T, Mondot S, Lantz O, Demon D, Papenfuss AT, Smyth GK, Lamkanfi M, Carotta S, Renauld JC, Shi W, Carpentier S, Soos T, Arendt C, Ugolini S, Huntington ND, Belz GT, Vivier E. Complementarity and redundancy of IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:179-86. [PMID: 26595889 PMCID: PMC4720992 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal T cells and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3 cells) control the composition of the microbiota and gut immune responses. Within the gut, ILC3 subsets coexist that either express or lack the natural cytoxicity receptor (NCR) NKp46. We identified here the transcriptional signature associated with the transcription factor T-bet-dependent differentiation of NCR(-) ILC3 cells into NCR(+) ILC3 cells. Contrary to the prevailing view, we found by conditional deletion of the key ILC3 genes Stat3, Il22, Tbx21 and Mcl1 that NCR(+) ILC3 cells were redundant for the control of mouse colonic infection with Citrobacter rodentium in the presence of T cells. However, NCR(+) ILC3 cells were essential for cecal homeostasis. Our data show that interplay between intestinal ILC3 cells and adaptive lymphocytes results in robust complementary failsafe mechanisms that ensure gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille C Rankin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mathilde J H Girard-Madoux
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Seillet
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lisa A Mielke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yann Kerdiles
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Aurore Fenis
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Wieduwild
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Tracy Putoczki
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Olivier Lantz
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie and Inserm U932, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Dieter Demon
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Carotta
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Boehringer-Ingelheim RCV, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine Unit, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wei Shi
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sabrina Carpentier
- MI-mAbs consortium Aix-Marseille University, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Tim Soos
- Bioinnovation, SANOFI, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sophie Ugolini
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Nicholas D Huntington
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Eric Vivier
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université d'Aix-Marseille UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, Marseille, France
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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22
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Li S, Chen X, Li X, Geng X, Lin R, Li M, Sun J. Molecular characterization of purinergic receptor P2X4 involved in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) innate immune response and its interaction with ATP release channel Pannexin1. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 47:100-109. [PMID: 26321132 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is a member of trimeric ATP-gated receptor channel family. Despite the importance of P2X4R in innate immunity has been addressed in mammals, the immunological significance of P2X4R has not been characterized in fish. In the present study we identified a full-length P2X4R cDNA sequence from Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (termed poP2X4R) by RT-PCR and RACE approaches and analyzed its gene expression patterns under normal and immune challenge conditions. Qualitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that poP2X4R has a widespread distribution in all examined tissues but dominantly expressed in hepatopancreas. In Japanese flounder head kidney macrophages and peripheral blood lymphocytes, poP2X4R was rapidly and significantly up-regulated by the immune challenges of LPS, poly(I:C) and zymosan. In addition, poP2X4R was up-regulated in spleen, head kidney and gill tissues by Edwardsiella tarda infections. Furthermore, we showed that poP2X4R is a membrane glycoprotein which could interact with ATP release channel Pannexin1, an important component in extracellular ATP-activated purinergic signaling pathways involved in Japanese flounder innate immune response. From a comparative immunological point of view, our results have provided new evidence for the involvement of extracellular ATP-gated P2XRs in fish innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuyun Geng
- Tianjin Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, 442 South Jiefang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300221, China
| | - Rongxin Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
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23
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Käsbohrer A. [Ecology of antimicrobial resistance: Special aspects of extended-spectrum β-lactamases]. Internist (Berl) 2015; 56:1233-45. [PMID: 26482079 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-015-3707-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected shortly after the introduction of broad spectrum cephalosporins in hospitals. Today, they are prevalent in the community, in animals, foods, and the environment. Many factors contribute to the broad distribution, especially the usage of antimicrobials in humans and animals, and due to multiple resistances, not only the usage of β-lactams and cephalosporins.This broad distribution of ESBLs cannot be fully explained by clonal spread of successful strains. Horizontal transmission of resistance genes, located on transmissible elements, probably plays a much greater role. This gene transfer also enables new combinations of resistance genes which causes therapeutic problems.The complex interactions make it difficult to estimate the relative contribution of the different sources. Resistance genes are broadly distributed in humans, animals, and the environment and the distribution pattern seems to become more similar. It is also evident that two major transmission pathways have to be considered, human-to-human transmission, frequently in hospitals and the exchange of resistance genes between humans, animals, food, and the environment. For the latter, the transfer can go in both directions.Further studies are necessary to understand the pathways between the different reservoirs, the bacterial concentration needed, and the factors having an impact on colonization and transmission. Multiple measures on both the human and veterinary side have to complement each other and interact. A One Health approach needs to be developed and rigorously established.
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24
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Sit B, Crowley SM, Bhullar K, Lai CCL, Tang C, Hooda Y, Calmettes C, Khambati H, Ma C, Brumell JH, Schryvers AB, Vallance BA, Moraes TF. Active Transport of Phosphorylated Carbohydrates Promotes Intestinal Colonization and Transmission of a Bacterial Pathogen. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005107. [PMID: 26295949 PMCID: PMC4546632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient acquisition of extracellular nutrients is essential for bacterial pathogenesis, however the identities and mechanisms for transport of many of these substrates remain unclear. Here, we investigate the predicted iron-binding transporter AfuABC and its role in bacterial pathogenesis in vivo. By crystallographic, biophysical and in vivo approaches, we show that AfuABC is in fact a cyclic hexose/heptose-phosphate transporter with high selectivity and specificity for a set of ubiquitous metabolites (glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate). AfuABC is conserved across a wide range of bacterial genera, including the enteric pathogens EHEC O157:H7 and its murine-specific relative Citrobacter rodentium, where it lies adjacent to genes implicated in sugar sensing and acquisition. C. rodentium ΔafuA was significantly impaired in an in vivo murine competitive assay as well as its ability to transmit infection from an afflicted to a naïve murine host. Sugar-phosphates were present in normal and infected intestinal mucus and stool samples, indicating that these metabolites are available within the intestinal lumen for enteric bacteria to import during infection. Our study shows that AfuABC-dependent uptake of sugar-phosphates plays a critical role during enteric bacterial infection and uncovers previously unrecognized roles for these metabolites as important contributors to successful pathogenesis. Essentially all Gram-negative pathogens are reliant on specific transport machineries termed binding protein-dependent transporters (BPDTs) to transport solutes such as amino acids, sugars and metal ions across their membranes. In this study we investigated AfuABC, a predicted iron-transporting BPDT found in many bacterial pathogens. We show by structural and functional approaches that AfuABC is not an iron transporter. Instead, AfuABC is a trio of proteins that bind and transport sugar-phosphates such as glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). In doing so, we present the first structural solution of a G6P-specific transport protein and add to the few known unique machineries for sugar-phosphate uptake by bacteria. Furthermore, we show that AfuABC is required by the intestinal pathogen C. rodentium to effectively transmit between mice and re-establish infection, leading us to propose that the transport of sugar-phosphates is an important part of general bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Sit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna M. Crowley
- Department of Pediatrics and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kirandeep Bhullar
- Department of Pediatrics and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Calvin Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yogesh Hooda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Calmettes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Husain Khambati
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caixia Ma
- Department of Pediatrics and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John H. Brumell
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony B. Schryvers
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Department of Pediatrics and the Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail: (BAV); (TFM)
| | - Trevor F. Moraes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (BAV); (TFM)
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25
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Peng B, Ma YM, Zhang JY, Li H. Metabolome strategy against Edwardsiella tarda infection through glucose-enhanced metabolic modulation in tilapias. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 45:869-876. [PMID: 26057462 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiella tarda causes fish disease and great economic loss. However, metabolic strategy against the pathogen remains unexplored. In the present study, GC-MS based metabolomics was used to investigate the metabolic profile from tilapias infected by sublethal dose of E. tarda. The metabolic differences between the dying group and survival group allow the identification of key pathways and crucial metabolites during infections. More importantly, those metabolites may modulate the survival-related metabolome to enhance the anti-infective ability. Our data showed that tilapias generated two different strategies, survival-metabolome and death-metabolome, to encounter EIB202 infection, leading to differential outputs of the survival and dying. Glucose was the most crucial biomarker, which was upregulated and downregulated in the survival and dying groups, respectively. Exogenous glucose by injection or oral administration enhanced hosts' ability against EIB202 infection and increased the chances of survival. These findings highlight that host mounts the metabolic strategy to cope with bacterial infection, from which crucial biomarkers may be identified to enhance the metabolic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Yan-Mei Ma
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, MOE Key Lab Aquatic Food Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University City, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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26
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Dong X, Qin Z, Hu X, Lan J, Yuan G, Asim M, Zhou Y, Ai T, Mei J, Lin L. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of cyclophilin A in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 45:422-30. [PMID: 25882636 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a ubiquitously expressed protein which involves in diverse pathological conditions including infection and inflammation. In this report, a CypA gene (designated as YC-CypA) was cloned from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) which is an important cultured fish species in Asian countries. The open reading frame (ORF) of YC-CypA encoded a polypeptide of 164 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 17.70 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequences of the YC-CypA shared highly conserved structures with CypAs from the other species, indicating that YC-CypA should be a new member of the CypA family. Full-length YC-CypA protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and specific polyclonal antibody against YC-CypA was generated. The YC-CypA protein showed chemotactic activity by transwell migration assay. The mRNA and protein of YC-CypA could be detected in all examined tissues with relatively higher mRNA level in spleen and higher protein level in head kidney, respectively. The temporal expression patterns of YC-CypA, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNAs were analyzed in the liver, spleen and head kidney post of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection. By immunohistochemistry assay, slight enhancement of YC-CypA protein was observed in the liver, spleen, body kidney and head kidney of yellow catfish infected with E. ictaluri. In conclusion, YC-CypA of yellow catfish showed chemotactic activity in vitro and might have been involved in cytokines secretion in yellow catfish during the infection of E. ictaluri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Dong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xianqin Hu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China
| | - Jiangfeng Lan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taoshan Ai
- Wuhan Fishery Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei 430207, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Lee YS, Yang H, Yang JY, Kim Y, Lee SH, Kim JH, Jang YJ, Vallance BA, Kweon MN. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling in intestinal stromal cells controls KC/ CXCL1 secretion, which correlates with recruitment of IL-22- secreting neutrophils at early stages of Citrobacter rodentium infection. Infect Immun 2015; 83:3257-67. [PMID: 26034212 PMCID: PMC4496604 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00670-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Attaching and effacing pathogens, including enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in humans and Citrobacter rodentium in mice, raise serious public health concerns. Here we demonstrate that interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling is indispensable for protection against C. rodentium infection in mice. Four days after infection with C. rodentium, there were significantly fewer neutrophils (CD11b+ Ly6C+ Ly6G+) in the colons of IL-1R−/− mice than in wild-type mice. Levels of mRNA and protein of KC/CXCL1 were also significantly reduced in colon homogenates of infected IL-1R−/− mice relative to wild-type mice. Of note, infiltrated CD11b+ Ly6C+ Ly6G+ neutrophils were the main source of IL-22 secretion after C. rodentium infection. Interestingly, intestinal stromal cells isolated from IL-1R−/− mice secreted lower levels of KC/CXCL1 than stromal cells from wild-type mice during C. rodentium infection. Similar effects were found when mouse intestinal stromal cells and human nasal polyp stromal cells were treated with IL-1R antagonists (i.e., anakinra) in vitro. These results suggest that IL-1 signaling plays a pivotal role in activating mucosal stromal cells to secrete KC/CXCL1, which is essential for infiltration of IL-22-secreting neutrophils upon bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soo Lee
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jin-Young Yang
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Kim
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Lee
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Heui Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ju Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mi-Na Kweon
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine/Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lefebvre B, Lévesque S, Bourgault AM, Mulvey MR, Mataseje L, Boyd D, Doualla-Bell F, Tremblay C. Carbapenem non-susceptible enterobacteriaceae in Quebec, Canada: results of a laboratory surveillance program (2010-2012). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125076. [PMID: 25910041 PMCID: PMC4409364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) represent a major public health concern because these bacteria are usually extensively resistant to most antibiotics. In order to evaluate their dissemination in Quebec, a surveillance program was introduced in 2010. We report the molecular and epidemiological profiles of CPE isolates collected. Between August 2010 and December 2012, a total of 742 non-duplicate isolates non-susceptible to carbapenems were analysed. AmpC β-lactamase and metallo-β-lactamase production were detected by Etest and carbapenemase production by the modified Hodge test (MHT). Antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined using broth microdilution or Etest. Clonality of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The presence of genes encoding carbapenemases as well as other β-lactamases was detected using PCR. Of the 742 isolates tested, 169 (22.8%) were CPE. Of these 169 isolates, 151 (89.3%) harboured a blaKPC gene while the remaining isolates carried blaSME (n = 9), blaOXA-48 (n = 5), blaNDM (n = 3), and blaNMC (n = 1) genes. Among the 93 KPC strains presenting with a unique pattern (unique PFGE pattern and/or unique antibiotics susceptibility profile), 99% were resistant to ertapenem, 95% to imipenem, 87% to meropenem, 97% to aztreonam, 31% to colistin and 2% to tigecycline. In 19 patients, 2 to 5 KPC strains from different species or with a different PFGE pattern were isolated. CPE strains were present in the province of Quebec with the majority of strains harbouring KPC. Alternately, SME, OXA-48 and NMC containing strains were rarely found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Simon Lévesque
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Bourgault
- McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michael R. Mulvey
- Bacteriology and Enteric Diseases Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Laura Mataseje
- Bacteriology and Enteric Diseases Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David Boyd
- Bacteriology and Enteric Diseases Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Florence Doualla-Bell
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Compain F, Decré D, Frazier I, Ramahefasolo A, Lavollay M, Carbonnelle E, Rostane H, Tackin A, Berger-Carbonne A, Podglajen I. Carbapenemase-producing bacteria in patients hospitalized abroad, France. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:1246-8. [PMID: 24963645 PMCID: PMC4073856 DOI: 10.3201/eid2007.131638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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30
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Hodgson A, Wier EM, Fu K, Sun X, Yu H, Zheng W, Sham HP, Johnson K, Bailey S, Vallance BA, Wan F. Metalloprotease NleC suppresses host NF-κB/inflammatory responses by cleaving p65 and interfering with the p65/RPS3 interaction. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004705. [PMID: 25756944 PMCID: PMC4355070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Attaching/Effacing (A/E) pathogens including enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and the rodent equivalent Citrobacter rodentium are important causative agents of foodborne diseases. Upon infection, a myriad of virulence proteins (effectors) encoded by A/E pathogens are injected through their conserved type III secretion systems (T3SS) into host cells where they interfere with cell signaling cascades, in particular the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway that orchestrates both innate and adaptive immune responses for host defense. Among the T3SS-secreted non-LEE-encoded (Nle) effectors, NleC, a metalloprotease, has been recently elucidated to modulate host NF-κB signaling by cleaving NF-κB Rel subunits. However, it remains elusive how NleC recognizes NF-κB Rel subunits and how the NleC-mediated cleavage impacts on host immune responses in infected cells and animals. In this study, we show that NleC specifically targets p65/RelA through an interaction with a unique N-terminal sequence in p65. NleC cleaves p65 in intestinal epithelial cells, albeit a small percentage of the molecule, to generate the p65¹⁻³⁸ fragment during C. rodentium infection in cultured cells. Moreover, the NleC-mediated p65 cleavage substantially affects the expression of a subset of NF-κB target genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, immune cell infiltration in the colon, and tissue injury in C. rodentium-infected mice. Mechanistically, the NleC cleavage-generated p65¹⁻³⁸ fragment interferes with the interaction between p65 and ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), a 'specifier' subunit of NF-κB that confers a subset of proinflammatory gene transcription, which amplifies the effect of cleaving only a small percentage of p65 to modulate NF-κB-mediated gene expression. Thus, our results reveal a novel mechanism for A/E pathogens to specifically block NF-κB signaling and inflammatory responses by cleaving a small percentage of p65 and targeting the p65/RPS3 interaction in host cells, thus providing novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of foodborne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hodgson
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eric M. Wier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC’s Children’s Hospital and Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ho Pan Sham
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC’s Children’s Hospital and Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaitlin Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Scott Bailey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC’s Children’s Hospital and Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zou PF, Chang MX, Li Y, Huan Zhang S, Fu JP, Chen SN, Nie P. Higher antiviral response of RIG-I through enhancing RIG-I/MAVS-mediated signaling by its long insertion variant in zebrafish. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 43:13-24. [PMID: 25524497 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As an intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR), the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is responsible for the recognition of cytosolic viral nucleic acids and the production of type I interferons (IFNs). In the present study, an insertion variant of RIG-I with 38 amino acids inserted in the N-terminal CARD2 domain, as well as the typical type, named as RIG-Ia and RIG-Ib respectively were identified in zebrafish. RIG-Ia and RIG-Ib were all up-regulated following the infection of a negative ssRNA virus, the Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV), and an intracellular Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Edwardsiella tarda, indicating the RLR may have a role in the recognition of both viruses and bacteria. The over-expression of RIG-Ib in cultured fish cells resulted in significant increase in type I IFN promoter activity, and in protection against SVCV infection, whereas the over-expression of RIG-Ia had no direct effect on IFN activation nor antiviral response. Furthermore, it was revealed that both RIG-Ia and RIG-Ib were associated with the downstream molecular mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein, MAVS, and interestingly RIG-Ia when co-transfected with RIG-Ib or MAVS, induced a significantly higher level of type I IFN promoter activity and the expression level of Mx and IRF7, implying that the RIG-Ia may function as an enhancer in the RIG-Ib/MAVS-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fei Zou
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430074, China
| | - Shu Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Jian Ping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Shan Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China.
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Ahlfors H, Morrison PJ, Duarte JH, Li Y, Biro J, Tolaini M, Di Meglio P, Potocnik AJ, Stockinger B. IL-22 fate reporter reveals origin and control of IL-22 production in homeostasis and infection. J Immunol 2014; 193:4602-13. [PMID: 25261485 PMCID: PMC4201943 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-22 is a cytokine that regulates tissue homeostasis at barrier surfaces. A variety of IL-22-producing cell types is known, but identification on the single-cell level remains difficult. Therefore, we generated a fate reporter mouse that would allow the identification of IL-22-producing cells and their fate mapping in vivo. To trace IL-22-expressing cells, a sequence encoding Cre recombinase was cloned into the Il22 locus, and IL22(Cre) mice were crossed with reporter mice expressing enhanced yellow fluorescence protein (eYFP) under control of the endogenous Rosa26 promoter. In IL22(Cre)R26R(eYFP) mice, the fluorescent reporter permanently labels cells that have switched on Il22 expression, irrespective of cytokine production. Despite a degree of underreporting, eYFP expression was detectable in nonimmune mice and restricted to group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the gut and γδ T cells in skin or lung. Upon skin challenge with imiquimod, eYFP(+) γδ and CD4 T cells expanded in the skin. Infection with Citrobacter rodentium initially was controlled by ILC3, followed by expansion of eYFP(+) CD4 T cells, which were induced in innate lymphoid follicles in the colon. No eYFP expression was detected in small intestinal Th17 cells, and they did not expand in the immune response. Colonic eYFP(+) CD4 T cells exhibited plasticity during infection with expression of additional cytokines, in contrast to ILC3, which remained largely stable. Single-cell quantitative PCR analysis of eYFP(+) CD4 T cells confirmed their heterogeneity, suggesting that IL-22 expression is not confined to particular subsets or a dedicated Th22 subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ahlfors
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Morrison
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - João H Duarte
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Li
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Biro
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Tolaini
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Di Meglio
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre J Potocnik
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
| | - Brigitta Stockinger
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom
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Tsuji S, Stein L, Kamada N, Nuñez G, Bram R, Vallance BA, Sousa AE, Platt JL, Cascalho M. TACI deficiency enhances antibody avidity and clearance of an intestinal pathogen. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4857-66. [PMID: 25271628 DOI: 10.1172/jci74428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) controls differentiation of long-lived plasma cells, and almost 10% of individuals with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) express either the C104R or A181E variants of TACI. These variants impair TACI function, and TACI-deficient mice exhibit a CVID-like disease. However, 1%-2% of normal individuals harbor the C140R or A181E TACI variants and have no outward signs of CVID, and it is not clear why TACI deficiency in this group does not cause disease. Here, we determined that TACI-deficient mice have low baseline levels of Ig in the blood but retain the ability to mutate Ig-associated genes that encode antigen-specific antibodies. The antigen-specific antibodies in TACI-deficient mice were produced in bursts and had higher avidity than those of WT animals. Moreover, mice lacking TACI were able to clear Citrobacter rodentium, a model pathogen for severe human enteritis, more rapidly than did WT mice. These findings suggest that the high prevalence of TACI deficiency in humans might reflect enhanced host defense against enteritis, which is more severe in those with acquired or inherited immunodeficiencies.
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Lupfer CR, Anand PK, Liu Z, Stokes KL, Vogel P, Lamkanfi M, Kanneganti TD. Reactive oxygen species regulate caspase-11 expression and activation of the non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome during enteric pathogen infection. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004410. [PMID: 25254654 PMCID: PMC4178001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic bacterial infections in humans are a severe cause of morbidity and mortality. Although NOD-like receptors (NLRs) NOD2 and NLRP3 have important roles in the generation of protective immune responses to enteric pathogens, whether there is crosstalk among NLRs to regulate immune signaling is not known. Here, we show that mice and macrophages deficient in NOD2, or the downstream adaptor RIP2, have enhanced NLRP3- and caspases-11-dependent non-canonical inflammasome activation in a mouse model of enteropathogenic Citrobacter rodentium infection. Mechanistically, NOD2 and RIP2 regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Increased ROS in Rip2-deficient macrophages subsequently enhances c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling resulting in increased caspase-11 expression and activation, and more non-canonical NLRP3-dependant inflammasome activation. Intriguingly, this leads to protection of the colon epithelium for up to 10 days in Rip2-deficient mice infected with C. rodentium. Our findings designate NOD2 and RIP2 as key regulators of cellular ROS homeostasis and demonstrate for the first time that ROS regulates caspase-11 expression and non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the JNK pathway. Caspase-11 is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell death in response to certain gram-negative bacterial infections like Citrobacter rodentium. However, how C. rodentium drives caspase-11 expression and activation is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the NOD2-RIP2 pathway regulates reactive oxygen species production and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling to control caspase-11 expression and subsequent activation of caspase-11 and the NLRP3 inflammasome during C. rodentium infection. In the absence of NOD2-RIP2 signaling, increased inflammasome activation results in lower bacteria numbers in the colon and less tissue damage during the early stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Lupfer
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Paras K. Anand
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kate L. Stokes
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Peter Vogel
- Veterinary Pathology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Department of Medical Protein Research, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ayala-Lujan JL, Vijayakumar V, Gong M, Smith R, Santiago AE, Ruiz-Perez F. Broad spectrum activity of a lectin-like bacterial serine protease family on human leukocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107920. [PMID: 25251283 PMCID: PMC4176022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease autotransporter from Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) family, which number more than 25 proteases with apparent diverse functions, have been phylogenetically divided into two distinct classes, designated 1 and 2. We recently demonstrated that Pic and Tsh, two members of the class-2 SPATE family produced by intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, were able to cleave a number of O-glycosylated proteins on neutrophils and lymphocytes resulting in impaired leukocyte functions. Here we show that most members of the class-2 SPATE family have lectin-like properties and exhibit differential protease activity reliant on glycoprotein type and cell lineage. Protease activity was seen in virtually all tested O-glycosylated proteins including CD34, CD55, CD164, TIM1, TIM3, TIM4 and C1-INH. We also show that although SPATE proteins bound and cleaved glycoproteins more efficiently on granulocytes and monocytes, they also targeted glycoproteins on B, T and natural killer lymphocytes. Finally, we found that the characteristic domain-2 of class-2 SPATEs is not required for glycoprotease activity, but single amino acid mutations in Pic domain-1 to those residues naturally occurring in domain-1 of SepA, were sufficient to hamper Pic glycoprotease activity. This study shows that most class-2 SPATEs have redundant activities and suggest that they may function as immunomodulators at several levels of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Ayala-Lujan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Unidad Academica de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Vidhya Vijayakumar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mei Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Rachel Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Araceli E. Santiago
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fernando Ruiz-Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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36
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Huang B, Huang WS, Nie P. Characterization of four Mx isoforms in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2013; 35:1048-1054. [PMID: 23872472 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mx protein is known to play an important role in vertebrate immune response to viral infection. In this study, cDNA sequences of four Mx isoforms, designated as MxA, B, C and D were characterized in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. These sequences contained an open reading frame of 1899, 1896, 1866, 1779 bp, flanked by 95, 53, 138, 69 bp of 5' untranslated region and 389, 241, 136, 124 bp of 3' untranslated region, respectively. A phylogenetic tree constructed with Mx peptide sequences from vertebrates revealed that MxA, C and D in the European eel formed into a clade containing zebrafish MxA and MxB and Mx proteins in other teleosts, whereas MxB in the eel was clustered together with zebrafish MxD, MxG and MxF. The transcription level of all Mx isoforms increased in a poly I:C dose-dependent manner in peripheral blood leukocytes of eels, as revealed by real-time PCR. A further experiment was conducted to reveal the temporal change in expression of these isoforms in various organs/tissues following poly I:C stimulation, and significant increase in expression was observed at various degrees in different organs or in different sampling occasions within the 12 h experimental period. In particular, MxA had the highest level of increase, while MxB had the lowest; and three isoforms, MxA, MxB and MxD had the highest increase in intestine, while the highest increase of MxC expression was observed in liver. These four isoforms of eel Mx are thus expressed differentially, and further work is certainly required to clarify the activity of promoter elements and antiviral activity of these Mx isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Huang
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361021, China
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Mielke LA, Jones SA, Raverdeau M, Higgs R, Stefanska A, Groom JR, Misiak A, Dungan LS, Sutton CE, Streubel G, Bracken AP, Mills KH. Retinoic acid expression associates with enhanced IL-22 production by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells and attenuation of intestinal inflammation. J Exp Med 2013; 210:1117-24. [PMID: 23690441 PMCID: PMC3674702 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A metabolite, modulates mucosal T helper cell responses. Here we examined the role of RA in regulating IL-22 production by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal inflammation. RA significantly enhanced IL-22 production by γδ T cells stimulated in vitro with IL-1β or IL-18 and IL-23. In vivo RA attenuated colon inflammation induced by dextran sodium sulfate treatment or Citrobacter rodentium infection. This was associated with a significant increase in IL-22 secretion by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells. In addition, RA treatment enhanced production of the IL-22-responsive antimicrobial peptides Reg3β and Reg3γ in the colon. The attenuating effects of RA on colitis were reversed by treatment with an anti-IL-22 neutralizing antibody, demonstrating that RA mediates protection by enhancing IL-22 production. To define the molecular events involved, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and found that RA promoted binding of RA receptor to the IL-22 promoter in γδ T cells. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular events controlling IL-22 transcription and suggest that one key outcome of RA signaling may be to shape early intestinal immune responses by promoting IL-22 synthesis by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Citrobacter rodentium/immunology
- Colitis/genetics
- Colitis/immunology
- Colon/immunology
- Colon/metabolism
- Dextran Sulfate/adverse effects
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections/genetics
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections/immunology
- Enterobacteriaceae Infections/metabolism
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Interleukins/biosynthesis
- Interleukins/genetics
- Interleukins/immunology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/immunology
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/immunology
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/immunology
- Tretinoin/immunology
- Tretinoin/metabolism
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Mielke
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sarah A. Jones
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mathilde Raverdeau
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Rowan Higgs
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna Stefanska
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joanna R. Groom
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alicja Misiak
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lara S. Dungan
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Caroline E. Sutton
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gundula Streubel
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Adrian P. Bracken
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kingston H.G. Mills
- Immunology Research Centre and Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; and Smurfit Institute of Genetics; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Zhang J, Liu S, Rajendran KV, Sun L, Zhang Y, Sun F, Kucuktas H, Liu H, Liu Z. Pathogen recognition receptors in channel catfish: III phylogeny and expression analysis of Toll-like receptors. Dev Comp Immunol 2013; 40:185-194. [PMID: 23396097 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were the earliest characterized and the most extensively studied pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). The majority of tetrapod TLR orthologs have been found in teleost fish. In addition, a group of "fish-specific" TLRs have been identified. In catfish, a number of TLR-related sequences have been reported, but systematic phylogenetic analyses have not been conducted. In this study, we conducted phylogenetic and comparative analysis of 20 catfish TLR genes against their counterparts from various species. TLR25 and TLR26 are TLRs identified only in channel catfish. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that four catfish TLR genes have duplicated copies in the genome, i.e., TLR4, TLR5, TLR8, and TLR20. Six fish-specific TLRs were identified, and the vast majority of these belong to the TLR11 subfamily. In healthy catfish tissues, most of the tested TLR genes were ubiquitously expressed although expression levels varied among the 11 tested tissues. We tested nine TLRs for their expression in response to Edwardsiella ictaluri infection. They were significantly up-regulated in the spleen and liver, but down-regulated in the head kidney, suggesting their involvement in the immune responses against the intracellular bacterial pathogen in a tissue-specific manner in catfish, perhaps through rapid migration of phagocytes to infection sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Zhang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Aquatic Genomics Unit, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Yeh HY, Klesius PH. Changes of serum myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide in the early stage of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). J Fish Dis 2013; 36:441-446. [PMID: 23126429 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Yeh
- Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Auburn, AL, USA.
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40
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Ghosh S, DeCoffe D, Brown K, Rajendiran E, Estaki M, Dai C, Yip A, Gibson DL. Fish oil attenuates omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced dysbiosis and infectious colitis but impairs LPS dephosphorylation activity causing sepsis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55468. [PMID: 23405155 PMCID: PMC3566198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, excessive ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and inadequate ω-3 PUFA have been associated with enhanced risks for developing ulcerative colitis. In rodent models, ω-3 PUFAs have been shown to either attenuate or exacerbate colitis in different studies. We hypothesized that a high ω-6: ω-3 PUFA ratio would increase colitis susceptibility through the microbe-immunity nexus. To address this, we fed post-weaned mice diets rich in ω-6 PUFA (corn oil) and diets supplemented with ω-3 PUFA (corn oil+fish oil) for 5 weeks. We evaluated the intestinal microbiota, induced colitis with Citrobacter rodentium and followed disease progression. We found that ω-6 PUFA enriched the microbiota with Enterobacteriaceae, Segmented Filamentous Bacteria and Clostridia spp., all known to induce inflammation. During infection-induced colitis, ω-6 PUFA fed mice had exacerbated intestinal damage, immune cell infiltration, prostaglandin E2 expression and C. rodentium translocation across the intestinal mucosae. Addition of ω-3 PUFA on a high ω-6 PUFA diet, reversed inflammatory-inducing microbial blooms and enriched beneficial microbes like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria, reduced immune cell infiltration and impaired cytokine/chemokine induction during infection. While, ω-3 PUFA supplementation protected against severe colitis, these mice suffered greater mortality associated with sepsis-related serum factors such as LPS binding protein, IL-15 and TNF-α. These mice also demonstrated decreased expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase and an inability to dephosphorylate LPS. Thus, the colonic microbiota is altered differentially through varying PUFA composition, conferring altered susceptibility to colitis. Overall, ω-6 PUFA enriches pro-inflammatory microbes and augments colitis; but prevents infection-induced systemic inflammation. In contrast, ω-3 PUFA supplementation reverses the effects of the ω-6 PUFA diet but impairs infection-induced responses resulting in sepsis. We conclude that as an anti-inflammatory agent, ω-3 PUFA supplementation during infection may prove detrimental when host inflammatory responses are critical for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjoy Ghosh
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniella DeCoffe
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kirsty Brown
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ethendhar Rajendiran
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mehrbod Estaki
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chuanbin Dai
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashley Yip
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deanna L. Gibson
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Manta C, Heupel E, Radulovic K, Rossini V, Garbi N, Riedel CU, Niess JH. CX(3)CR1(+) macrophages support IL-22 production by innate lymphoid cells during infection with Citrobacter rodentium. Mucosal Immunol 2013; 6:177-88. [PMID: 22854708 PMCID: PMC3534171 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2012.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, granulocytes, and innate lymphoid cells provide a first line of defence to enteric pathogens. To study the role of CX(3)CR1(+) DCs and macrophages in host defence, we infected CX(3)CR1-GFP animals with Citrobacter rodentium. When transgenic CX(3)CR1-GFP animals are infected with the natural mouse pathogen C. rodentium, CX(3)CR1(-/-) animals showed a delayed clearance of C. rodentium as compared with (age- and sex-matched) wild-type B6 animals. The delayed clearance of C. rodentium is associated with reduced interleukin (IL)-22 expression. In C. rodentium-infected CX(3)CR1-GFP animals, IL-22 producing lymphoid-tissue inducer cells (LTi cells) were selectively reduced in the absence of CX(3)CR1. The reduced IL-22 expression correlates with decreased expression of the antimicrobial peptides RegIIIβ and RegIIIγ. The depletion of CX(3)CR1(+) cells by diphtheria toxin injection in CX(3)CR1-GFP × CD11c.DOG animals confirmed the role of CX(3)CR1(+) phagocytes in establishing IL-22 production, supporting the clearance of a C. rodentium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manta
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - E Heupel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Radulovic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - V Rossini
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - N Garbi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology IMMEI, Bonn, Germany
| | - C U Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - J H Niess
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Elvitigala DAS, Whang I, Premachandra HKA, Umasuthan N, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, Yeo SY, Lim BS, Lee JH, Park HC, Lee J. Caspase 3 from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): genomic characterization and transcriptional profiling upon bacterial and viral inductions. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 33:99-110. [PMID: 22554851 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Caspase 3 is a prominent mediator of apoptosis and participates in the cell death signaling cascade. In this study, caspase 3 was identified (Rbcasp3) and characterized from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus). The full-length cDNA of Rbcasp3 is 2683 bp and contains an open reading frame of 849 bp, which encodes a 283 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular mass of 31.2 kDa and isoelectric point of 6.31. The amino acid sequence resembles the conventional caspase 3 domain architecture, including crucial amino acid residues in the catalytic site and binding pocket. The genomic length of Rbcasp3 is 7529 bp, and encompasses six exons interrupted by five introns. Phylogenetic analysis affirmed that Rbcasp3 represents a complex group in fish that has been shaped by gene duplication and diversification. Many putative transcription factor binding sites were identified in the predicted promoter region of Rbcasp3, including immune factor- and cancer signal-inducible sites. Rbcasp3, excluding the pro-domain, was expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein showed a detectable activity against the mammalian caspase 3/7-specific substrate DEVD-pNA, indicating a functional role in physiology. Quantitative real time PCR assay detected Rbcasp3 expression in all examined tissues, but with high abundance in blood, liver and brain. Transcriptional profiling of rock bream liver tissue revealed that challenge with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) caused prolonged up-regulation of Rbcasp3 mRNA whereas, Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) stimulated a late-phase significant transcriptional response. Rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) up-regulated Rbcasp3 transcription significantly at late-phase, however polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) induced Rbcasp3 significantly at early-phase. Our findings suggest that Rbcasp3 functions as a cysteine-aspartate-specific protease and contributes to immune responses against bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Anushka Sandaruwan Elvitigala
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Kim JW, Gerwick L, Park CI. Molecular identification and expression analysis of two distinct BPI/LBPs (bactericidal permeability-increasing protein/LPS-binding protein) from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 33:75-84. [PMID: 22521422 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We identified two cDNAs designated as RbBPI/LBP-1 and RbBPI/LBP2, respectively, which were identified by expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rock bream liver cDNA library. The two cDNA displayed 36.9% identity at the translated amino acid level. Despite the low level of identity between the two genes, high conservation was seen in the BPI/LBP/CETP N-terminal, LPS-binding, the proline-rich central and the BPI/LBP/CETP C-terminal domains. The full-length RbBPI/LBP-1 cDNA (1945 bp) contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1431 bp encoding 476 amino acids. The full-length RbBPI/LBP-2 cDNA was 2652 bp in length and contained an ORF of 1422 bp encoding 473 amino acids. RbBPI/LBP-1 was significantly expressed in the spleen, liver, intestine and gill. On the other hand, RbBPI/LBP-2 showed significant expression in the kidney, peripheral blood leukocytes, and spleen. Real-time RT-PCR was used to examine RbBPI/LBP-1 and RbBPI/LBP-2 mRNA expression in kidney under conditions of bacterial and viral challenge. Experimental infection of rock bream with Streptococcus iniae, Edwardsiella tarda, and red sea bream iridovirus resulted in significant increases in RbBPI/LBP-1 and RbBPI/LBP-2 mRNA levels in the kidneys, however, the increases in transcription was seen at different time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Won Kim
- Department of Marine Biology & Aquaculture, Institute of Marine Industry, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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Rajendran KV, Zhang J, Liu S, Kucuktas H, Wang X, Liu H, Sha Z, Terhune J, Peatman E, Liu Z. Pathogen recognition receptors in channel catfish: I. Identification, phylogeny and expression of NOD-like receptors. Dev Comp Immunol 2012; 37:77-86. [PMID: 22200599 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune system plays a significant role in all multicellular organisms. The key feature of the system is its ability to recognize and respond to invading microorganisms. Vertebrates including teleost fish have evolved an array of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) for detecting and responding to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs), and the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs). In this study, we identified 22 NLRs including six members of the NLR-A subfamily (NODs), two members of the NLR-B subfamily, 11 members of the NLR-C subfamily, and three genes that do not belong to any of these three subfamilies: Apaf1, CIITA, and NACHT-P1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that orthologs of the mammalian NOD1, NOD2, NOD3, NOD4, and NOD5 were all identified in catfish. In addition, an additional truncated NOD3-like gene was also identified in catfish. While the identities of subfamily A NLRs could be established, the identities of the NLR-B and NLR-C subfamilies were inconclusive at present. Expression of representative NLR genes was analyzed using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. In healthy catfish tissues, all the tested NLR genes were found to be ubiquitously expressed in all 11 tested catfish tissues. Analysis of expression of these representative NLR genes after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri revealed a significant up-regulation of all tested genes in the spleen and liver, but a significant down-regulation in the intestine and head kidney, suggesting their involvement in the immune responses of catfish against the intracellular bacterial pathogen in a tissue-specific manner. The up-regulation and down-regulation of the tested genes exhibited an amazing similarity of expression profiles after infection, suggesting the co-regulation of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Rajendran
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Aquatic Genomics Unit, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Belda E, Silva FJ, Peretó J, Moya A. Metabolic networks of Sodalis glossinidius: a systems biology approach to reductive evolution. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30652. [PMID: 22292008 PMCID: PMC3265509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome reduction is a common evolutionary process affecting bacterial lineages that establish symbiotic or pathogenic associations with eukaryotic hosts. Such associations yield highly reduced genomes with greatly streamlined metabolic abilities shaped by the type of ecological association with the host. Sodalis glossinidius, the secondary endosymbiont of tsetse flies, represents one of the few complete genomes available of a bacterium at the initial stages of this process. In the present study, genome reduction is studied from a systems biology perspective through the reconstruction and functional analysis of genome-scale metabolic networks of S. glossinidius. RESULTS The functional profile of ancestral and extant metabolic networks sheds light on the evolutionary events underlying transition to a host-dependent lifestyle. Meanwhile, reductive evolution simulations on the extant metabolic network can predict possible future evolution of S. glossinidius in the context of genome reduction. Finally, knockout simulations in different metabolic systems reveal a gradual decrease in network robustness to different mutational events for bacterial endosymbionts at different stages of the symbiotic association. CONCLUSIONS Stoichiometric analysis reveals few gene inactivation events whose effects on the functionality of S. glossinidius metabolic systems are drastic enough to account for the ecological transition from a free-living to host-dependent lifestyle. The decrease in network robustness across different metabolic systems may be associated with the progressive integration in the more stable environment provided by the insect host. Finally, reductive evolution simulations reveal the strong influence that external conditions exert on the evolvability of metabolic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeni Belda
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Silva
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación de Genómica y Salud (Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública, CSISP/Institut Cavanilles), Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Juli Peretó
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación de Genómica y Salud (Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública, CSISP/Institut Cavanilles), Universitat de València, València, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Tumanov AV, Koroleva EP, Guo X, Wang Y, Kruglov A, Nedospasov S, Fu YX. Lymphotoxin controls the IL-22 protection pathway in gut innate lymphoid cells during mucosal pathogen challenge. Cell Host Microbe 2011; 10:44-53. [PMID: 21767811 PMCID: PMC3375029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as important players, regulating the balance between protective immunity and immunopathology at mucosal surfaces. However, mechanisms that regulate ILCs' effector functions during mucosal pathogenic challenge are poorly defined. Using mice infected with the natural mouse enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, we demonstrate that lymphotoxin (LT) is essential for IL-22 production by intestinal ILCs. Blocking of LTβR signaling dramatically reduced intestinal IL-22 production after C. rodentium infection. Conversely, stimulating LTβR signaling induced an IL-22 protection pathway in LT-deficient mice. Furthermore, exogenous IL-22 expression rescued LTβR-deficient mice. IL-22-producing ILCs were predominantly located in lymphoid follicles in the colon and interacted closely with dendritic cells (DCs). We find that an LT-driven positive feedback loop controls IL-22 production by RORγt(+) ILCs via LTβR signaling in DCs. Taken together, our data show that LTβR signaling in gut lymphoid follicles regulates IL-22 production by ILCs in response to mucosal pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Umasuthan N, Whang I, Kim JO, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, Choi CY, Yeo SY, Lee JH, Noh JK, Lee J. Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) serpin, protease nexin-1: transcriptional analysis and characterization of its antiprotease and anticoagulant activities. Dev Comp Immunol 2011; 35:785-798. [PMID: 21419793 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) protein with functional roles in growth, development, patho-physiology and injury. Here, we report our work to clone, analyze the expression profile and characterize the properties of the PN-1 gene in rock bream (Rb), Oplegnathus fasciatus. RbPN-1 encodes a peptide of 397 amino acids (AA) with a predicted molecular mass of 44 kDa and a 23 AA signal peptide. RbPN-1 protein was found to harbor a characteristic SERPIN domain comprised of a SERPIN signature and having sequence homology to vertebrate PN-1s. The greatest identity (85%) was observed with PN-1 from the three-spined stickleback fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus. The functional domains, including a heparin binding site and reactive centre loop were conserved between RbPN-1 and other fish PN-1s; in particular, they were found to correspond to components of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that RbPN-1 was closer to homologues of green spotted pufferfish and Japanese pufferfish. Recombinant RbPN-1 demonstrated antiprotease activity against trypsin (48%) and thrombin (89%) in a dose-dependent manner, and its antithrombotic activity was potentiated by heparin. The anticoagulant function prolonged clotting time by 3.7-fold, as compared to the control in an activated partial thromboplastin time assay. Quantitative real-time PCR results indicated that RbPN-1 is transcribed in many endogenous tissues at different levels. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated a prolonged transcriptional response in hematic cells, and Rb iridovirus up-regulated the RbPN-1 mRNA level in hematic cells to a maximum of 3.4-fold at 12 h post-infection. Interestingly, LPS and Edwardsiella tarda significantly induced the RbPN-1 transcription at the late phase of infection. In vivo studies indicated that injury response caused a temporal suppression in RbPN-1 transcription, in conjunction with that of another SERPIN, rock bream heparin cofactor II, RbHCII. Taken together, our findings suggest that PN-1 functions as an antiprotease and anticoagulant and that SERPINs (PN-1 and HCII) are likely to contribute to immunity and post-injury responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Kostiushko AV, Markelova EV. [The cytokines profile at the enterobacter pneumonia during experiment]. Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 2010:27-30. [PMID: 21395113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Distinctions between system and local levels of cytokines and dynamics of their development depending on ethiology of pneumonia were established during experiment. It proved that the enterobacter pneumonia is accompanied by raised systematic IFNgamma production and essentially increased IL-10 production, whereas with the pneumonia caused by E. coli, the IFNgamma production level differs little from control values, and IL-10 is statistically more less its values in intact animals blood. The local level of cytokines at the pneumonia caused by Enterobacter spp. is characterized by the early significant IL-10 production activation and expressed IFNgamma production depression a fortmight later two weeks after infection. Increasing local IL-10 production prevalence is registered when mice contaminating with E. coli. Thus, the experimental pneumonias caused by Enterobacter spp. and E. coli are characterized by cytokines' system disbalance that renders expressed immunodepressive influence on pulmonary factors of protection and it's necessary for choosing methods pneumonia's pathogenetic therapy.
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Pridgeon JW, Russo R, Shoemaker CA, Klesius PH. Expression profiles of toll-like receptors in anterior kidney of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), acutely infected by Edwardsiella ictaluri. J Fish Dis 2010; 33:497-505. [PMID: 20384909 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Using quantitative PCR (QPCR), the relative transcriptional levels of five toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, TLR20a and TLR21) were studied in the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), under uninfected and acutely infected conditions [1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36- and 48-h post-injection (hpi)]. Under uninfected conditions, the transcriptional levels of the five TLRs were significantly lower than that of 18S rRNA (P < 0.001). QPCR results also revealed that the transcriptional levels of TLR20a and TLR5 were higher than those of TLR2, TLR3 or TLR21. The transcriptional level of TLR3 was significantly lower than that of the other four TLRs (P < 0.001). However, when channel catfish were acutely infected by Edwardsiella ictaluri through intraperitoneal injection, the transcriptional levels of TLRs increased significantly (P < 0.005) at 6 hpi. Among the five TLRs studied, the transcriptional levels of TLR3, TLR5 and TLR21 were never significantly lower than under uninfected conditions (P = 0.16, 0.27 and 0.19, respectively), suggesting these three TLRs might play important roles in host defence against infection by E. ictaluri. The amount of E. ictaluri in the anterior kidney increased at 12 and 24 hpi but decreased at 36 and 48 hpi. Our results suggest that TLRs are important components in the immune system in the channel catfish, and their rapid transcriptional upregulation (within 6 hpi) in response to acute E. ictaluri infection might be important for survival from enteric septicaemia of catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Pridgeon
- Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Auburn, AL 36832, USA.
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Bergstrom KSB, Kissoon-Singh V, Gibson DL, Ma C, Montero M, Sham HP, Ryz N, Huang T, Velcich A, Finlay BB, Chadee K, Vallance BA. Muc2 protects against lethal infectious colitis by disassociating pathogenic and commensal bacteria from the colonic mucosa. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000902. [PMID: 20485566 PMCID: PMC2869315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of attaching and effacing (A/E) Escherichia coli infections, the mechanisms by which the host defends against these microbes are unclear. The goal of this study was to determine the role of goblet cell-derived Muc2, the major intestinal secretory mucin and primary component of the mucus layer, in host protection against A/E pathogens. To assess the role of Muc2 during A/E bacterial infections, we inoculated Muc2 deficient (Muc2−/−) mice with Citrobacter rodentium, a murine A/E pathogen related to diarrheagenic A/E E. coli. Unlike wildtype (WT) mice, infected Muc2−/− mice exhibited rapid weight loss and suffered up to 90% mortality. Stool plating demonstrated 10–100 fold greater C. rodentium burdens in Muc2−/− vs. WT mice, most of which were found to be loosely adherent to the colonic mucosa. Histology of Muc2−/− mice revealed ulceration in the colon amid focal bacterial microcolonies. Metabolic labeling of secreted mucins in the large intestine demonstrated that mucin secretion was markedly increased in WT mice during infection compared to uninfected controls, suggesting that the host uses increased mucin release to flush pathogens from the mucosal surface. Muc2 also impacted host-commensal interactions during infection, as FISH analysis revealed C. rodentium microcolonies contained numerous commensal microbes, which was not observed in WT mice. Orally administered FITC-Dextran and FISH staining showed significantly worsened intestinal barrier disruption in Muc2−/− vs. WT mice, with overt pathogen and commensal translocation into the Muc2−/− colonic mucosa. Interestingly, commensal depletion enhanced C. rodentium colonization of Muc2−/− mice, although colonic pathology was not significantly altered. In conclusion, Muc2 production is critical for host protection during A/E bacterial infections, by limiting overall pathogen and commensal numbers associated with the colonic mucosal surface. Such actions limit tissue damage and translocation of pathogenic and commensal bacteria across the epithelium. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are important causes of diarrheal disease and other serious complications worldwide. Despite many studies addressing the pathogenic strategies used by these microbes, how the host protects itself from these pathogens is poorly understood. A critical question we address here is whether the thick mucus layer that overlies the intestinal surface plays a role in host protection. Since EPEC and EHEC do not infect mice efficiently, we used a related mouse pathogen called Citrobacter rodentium to infect and compare responses between wildtype mice and Muc2-deficient mice, which are defective in mucus production. We show that Muc2-deficient mice are extremely susceptible to C. rodentium infection-induced mortality and disease. Muc2-deficient mice were also colonized faster and had higher pathogen burdens throughout the experiment. Resident (non-pathogenic) bacteria were found to interact with C. rodentium and host tissues in Muc2-deficient mice, indicating Muc2 regulates all forms of intestinal microbiota at the gut surface. Deficiency in mucus production also contributed to increased leakiness of the gut, which allowed microbes to enter mucosal tissues. Our study shows that Muc2-dependent mucus production is critical for effective management of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria during infection by an EPEC/EHEC-like pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk S. B. Bergstrom
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vanessa Kissoon-Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deanna L. Gibson
- Department of Biology and Physical Geography, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caixia Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marinieve Montero
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ho Pan Sham
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natasha Ryz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tina Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna Velcich
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - B. Brett Finlay
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail: (KC); (BAV)
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail: (KC); (BAV)
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