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Wang R, Kato F, Watson RY, Beedle AM, Call JA, Tsunoda Y, Noda T, Tsuchiya T, Kashima M, Hattori A, Ito T. The RNA-binding protein Msi2 regulates autophagy during myogenic differentiation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302016. [PMID: 38373797 PMCID: PMC10876439 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle development is a highly ordered process orchestrated transcriptionally by the myogenic regulatory factors. However, the downstream molecular mechanisms of myogenic regulatory factor functions in myogenesis are not fully understood. Here, we identified the RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (Msi2) as a myogenin target gene and a post-transcriptional regulator of myoblast differentiation. Msi2 knockdown in murine myoblasts blocked differentiation without affecting the expression of MyoD or myogenin. Msi2 overexpression was also sufficient to promote myoblast differentiation and myocyte fusion. Msi2 loss attenuated autophagosome formation via down-regulation of the autophagic protein MAPL1LC3/ATG8 (LC3) at the early phase of myoblast differentiation. Moreover, forced activation of autophagy effectively suppressed the differentiation defects incurred by Msi2 loss. Consistent with its functions in myoblasts in vitro, mice deficient for Msi2 exhibited smaller limb skeletal muscles, poorer exercise performance, and muscle fiber-type switching in vivo. Collectively, our study demonstrates that Msi2 is a novel regulator of mammalian myogenesis and establishes a new functional link between muscular development and autophagy regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochong Wang
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Futaba Kato
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rio Yasui Watson
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Aaron M Beedle
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jarrod A Call
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yugo Tsunoda
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaho Tsuchiya
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, and Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Makoto Kashima
- College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayuna Hattori
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Takahiro Ito
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/00te3t702 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Elgizawy EI, Amer GS, Ali EA, Alqalashy FS, Ibrahim MM, Latif AAA, Shaban AM. Comparing the efficacy of concomitant treatment of resistance exercise and creatine monohydrate versus multiple individual therapies in age related sarcopenia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9798. [PMID: 38684784 PMCID: PMC11058861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging-related sarcopenia is a degenerative loss of strength and skeletal muscle mass that impairs quality of life. Evaluating NUDT3 gene and myogenin expression as new diagnostic tools in sarcopenia. Also, comparing the concomitant treatment of resistance exercise (EX) and creatine monohydrate (CrM) versus single therapy by EX, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and CrM using aged rats. Sixty male rats were equally divided into groups. The control group, aging group, EX-treated group, the CoQ10 group were administered (500 mg/kg) of CoQ10, the CrM group supplied (0.3 mg/kg of CrM), and a group of CrM concomitant with resistance exercise. Serum lipid profiles, certain antioxidant markers, electromyography (EMG), nudix hydrolase 3 (NUDT3) expression, creatine kinase (CK), and sarcopenic index markers were measured after 12 weeks. The gastrocnemius muscle was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and myogenin. The EX-CrM combination showed significant improvement in serum lipid profile, antioxidant markers, EMG, NUDT3 gene, myogenin expression, CK, and sarcopenic index markers from other groups. The NUDT3 gene and myogenin expression have proven efficient as diagnostic tools for sarcopenia. Concomitant treatment of CrM and EX is preferable to individual therapy because it reduces inflammation, improves the lipid serum profile, promotes muscle regeneration, and thus has the potential to improve sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Elgizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abd El Ghafar St., Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt.
| | - Ghada S Amer
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abd El Ghafar St., Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt
| | - Eman A Ali
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Fatma S Alqalashy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Ibrahim
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Abdel Latif
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Anwar M Shaban
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abd El Ghafar St., Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt
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Mubaid S, Sanchez BJ, Algehani RA, Skopenkova V, Adjibade P, Hall DT, Busque S, Lian XJ, Ashour K, Tremblay AMK, Carlile G, Gagné JP, Diaz-Gaxiola A, Khattak S, Di Marco S, Thomas DY, Poirier GG, Gallouzi IE. Tankyrase-1 regulates RBP-mediated mRNA turnover to promote muscle fiber formation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4002-4020. [PMID: 38321934 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) is a post-translational modification mediated by a subset of ADP-ribosyl transferases (ARTs). Although PARylation-inhibition based therapies are considered as an avenue to combat debilitating diseases such as cancer and myopathies, the role of this modification in physiological processes such as cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we show that Tankyrase1 (TNKS1), a PARylating ART, plays a major role in myogenesis, a vital process known to drive muscle fiber formation and regeneration. Although all bona fide PARPs are expressed in muscle cells, experiments using siRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacological inhibition show that TNKS1 is the enzyme responsible of catalyzing PARylation during myogenesis. Via this activity, TNKS1 controls the turnover of mRNAs encoding myogenic regulatory factors such as nucleophosmin (NPM) and myogenin. TNKS1 mediates these effects by targeting RNA-binding proteins such as Human Antigen R (HuR). HuR harbors a conserved TNKS-binding motif (TBM), the mutation of which not only prevents the association of HuR with TNKS1 and its PARylation, but also precludes HuR from regulating the turnover of NPM and myogenin mRNAs as well as from promoting myogenesis. Therefore, our data uncover a new role for TNKS1 as a key modulator of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional events required for vital processes such as myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Mubaid
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Brenda Janice Sanchez
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rinad A Algehani
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viktoriia Skopenkova
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pauline Adjibade
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Derek T Hall
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Sandrine Busque
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Xian Jin Lian
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Kholoud Ashour
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie K Tremblay
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Graeme Carlile
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Pavillon CHUL, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Andrea Diaz-Gaxiola
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahryar Khattak
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergio Di Marco
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David Y Thomas
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Guy G Poirier
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Pavillon CHUL, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Imed-Eddine Gallouzi
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
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Luo J, Gao Q, Qiu H, Zhang S, Zou W, Wang P, Zhou L, Liu L, Xu F, Li X, Lin B, Zeng R, Sun D, Cen J, Zhuang J. Myogenin Regulates DUSP13 to Inhibit Apoptosis Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:49. [PMID: 38420814 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2902049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myogenin is well known as a crucial transcription factor in skeletal muscle development, yet its other biological functions remain unexplored. Previous research showed that myogenin suppresses apoptosis induced by angiotensin II in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and offered a new perspective on myogenin's role in cardioprotection. However, the detailed mechanism of this cardioprotection, especially under oxidative stress, is still unclear. METHODS In this study, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to generate reactive oxygen species in myogenin-overexpressing cardiomyocytes. The apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify genes regulated by myogenin. Western blotting was used to detect the protein level of DUSP13 and the phosphorylation level of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The dual-luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay were used to confirm the binding of myogenin to the promoter region of DUSP13. DUSP13 overexpression and knockdown assays were performed to study its anti-apoptotic role. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis showed that overexpressing myogenin for 24 and 48 hours decreased the apoptotic ratio by 47.9% and 63.5%, respectively, compared with untreated controls. Transcriptome sequencing performed on cardiomyocytes that expressed myogenin for different amounts of time (6, 12, 24, and 48 hours) identified DUSP13 as being up-regulated by myogenin. Western blotting showed that overexpression of myogenin increased the expression of DUSP13 and decreased the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK. A dual-luciferase reporter assay proved that myogenin bound directly to the promoter region of DUSP13 and led to strong relative luciferase activity. Direct expression of DUSP13A and DUSP13B significantly reduced the rates of apoptosis and necrosis in cells treated with H2O2. Knockdown of DUSP13B significantly increased the rate of apoptosis in cells treated with H2O2. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that myogenin might attenuate apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species by up-regulating DUSP13 and inactivating the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hailong Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanwan Zou
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, 300203 Tianjin, China
| | - Lishi Zhou
- Guangdong Beating Origin Regenerative Medicine Co., Ltd., 528231 Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Guangdong Beating Origin Regenerative Medicine Co., Ltd., 528231 Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial First Disabled Veterans Hospital, 510260 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daoheng Sun
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361102 Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jianzheng Cen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Tan Y, Zhang J, Jin Y. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay suppresses injury-induced muscle regeneration via inhibiting MyoD transcriptional activity. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2638-2650. [PMID: 37683043 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration is a crucial physiological process that occurs in response to injury or disease. As an important transcriptome surveillance system that regulates tissue development, the role of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in muscle regeneration remains unclear. Here, we found that NMD inhibits myoblast differentiation by targeting the phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 gene, which leads to the suppression of the transcriptional activity of myogenic differentiation (MyoD), a key regulator of myoblast differentiation. This disruption of MyoD transcriptional activity subsequently affects the expression levels of myogenin and myosin heavy chain, crucial markers of myoblast differentiation. Additionally, through up-frameshift protein 1 knockdown experiments, we observed that inhibiting NMD can accelerate muscle regeneration in vivo. These findings highlight the potential of NMD as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of muscle-related injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Tan
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Hüttner SS, Henze H, Elster D, Koch P, Anderer U, von Eyss B, von Maltzahn J. A dysfunctional miR-1-TRPS1-MYOG axis drives ERMS by suppressing terminal myogenic differentiation. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2612-2632. [PMID: 37452493 PMCID: PMC10492030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue tumor, comprising two major subtypes: the PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion-negative embryonal and the PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion-positive alveolar subtype. Here, we demonstrate that the expression levels of the transcriptional repressor TRPS1 are specifically enhanced in the embryonal subtype, resulting in impaired terminal myogenic differentiation and tumor growth. During normal myogenesis, expression levels of TRPS1 have to decrease to allow myogenic progression, as demonstrated by overexpression of TRPS1 in myoblasts impairing myotube formation. Consequentially, myogenic differentiation in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in vitro as well as in vivo can be achieved by reducing TRPS1 levels. Furthermore, we show that TRPS1 levels in RD cells, the bona fide model cell line for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, are regulated by miR-1 and that TRPS1 and MYOD1 share common genomic binding sites. The myogenin (MYOG) promoter is one of the critical targets of TRPS1 and MYOD1; we demonstrate that TRPS1 restricts MYOG expression and thereby inhibits terminal myogenic differentiation. Therefore, reduction of TRPS1 levels in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma might be a therapeutic approach to drive embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells into myogenic differentiation, thereby generating postmitotic myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören S Hüttner
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Henriette Henze
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Dana Elster
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp Koch
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ursula Anderer
- Department of Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Universitätsplatz 1, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Björn von Eyss
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Julia von Maltzahn
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Universitätsplatz 1, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany.
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7
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Sutcu HH, Montagne B, Ricchetti M. DNA-PKcs regulates myogenesis in an Akt-dependent manner independent of induced DNA damage. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1900-1915. [PMID: 37400716 PMCID: PMC10406879 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on muscle stem (satellite) cells. We previously demonstrated that satellite cells efficiently and accurately repair radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via the DNA-dependent kinase DNA-PKcs. We show here that DNA-PKcs affects myogenesis independently of its role in DSB repair. Consequently, this process does not require the accumulation of DSBs and it is also independent of caspase-induced DNA damage. We report that in myogenic cells DNA-PKcs is essential for the expression of the differentiation factor Myogenin in an Akt2-dependent manner. DNA-PKcs interacts with the p300-containing complex that activates Myogenin transcription. We show also that SCID mice that are deficient in DNA-PKcs, and are used for transplantation and muscle regeneration studies, display altered myofiber composition and delayed myogenesis upon injury. These defects are exacerbated after repeated injury/regeneration events resulting in reduced muscle size. We thus identify a novel, caspase-independent, regulation of myogenic differentiation, and define a differentiation phase that does not involve the DNA damage/repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haser Hasan Sutcu
- Institut Pasteur, Team Stability of Nuclear & Mitochondrial DNA, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738, 75015, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Sorbonne Universities, ED515), Paris, France
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûrété Nucléaire (IRSN), Radiobiology of Accidental Exposure Laboratory (PSE-SANTE/SERAMED/LRAcc), B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Benjamin Montagne
- Institut Pasteur, Team Stability of Nuclear & Mitochondrial DNA, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738, 75015, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological and Physiological Ageing, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Institut Pasteur, Team Stability of Nuclear & Mitochondrial DNA, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738, 75015, Paris, France.
- Institut Pasteur, Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological and Physiological Ageing, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France.
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8
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Fahrner A, Luca E, Krützfeldt J. microRNA-501 controls myogenin +/CD74 + myogenic progenitor cells during muscle regeneration. Mol Metab 2023; 71:101704. [PMID: 36907509 PMCID: PMC10033748 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle regeneration is markedly impaired during aging. How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. We investigated mechanisms of age-related changes in myogenic progenitor cells using the tissue-specific microRNA 501. METHODS Young and old C57Bl/6 mice were used (3 months or 24 months of age, respectively) with or without global or tissue-specific genetic deletion of miR-501. Muscle regeneration was induced using intramuscular cardiotoxin injection or treadmill exercise and analysed using single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Muscle fiber damage was assessed with Evan`s blue dye (EBD). In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. RESULTS Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. In control mice these cells were less in number and already downregulated after day 3 of muscle injury. Muscle from knockout mice had reduced myofiber size and reduced myofiber resilience to injury and exercise. miR-501 elicits this effect by regulating sarcomeric gene expression through its target gene estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg). Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. Moreover, myog+/CD74+-aged skeletal muscle exhibited a similar decrease in the size of newly formed myofibers and increased number of necrotic myofibers after injury as observed in mice lacking miR-501. CONCLUSIONS miR-501 and Esrrg are regulated in muscle with decreased regenerative capacity and loss of miR-501 is permissive to the appearance of CD74+ myogenic progenitors. Our data uncover a novel link between the metabolic transcription factor Esrrg and sarcomere formation and demonstrate that stem cell heterogeneity in skeletal muscle during aging is under miRNA control. Targeting Esrrg or myog+/CD74+ progenitor cells might improve fiber size and myofiber resilience to exercise in aged skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Fahrner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland; Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Biomedicine, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edlira Luca
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland; Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Biomedicine, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Wei Y, Qi T, Cao S, Zhang W, Yu F, Zeng H, Weng J. LncRNA XLOC_015548 affects the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts via the MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:469-480. [PMID: 36852460 PMCID: PMC10281533 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential regulatory roles in myogenic differentiation. In this study, a specific LncRNA XLOC_015548 (Lnc000280) was identified. However, little research has explored its mechanism of action by constructing XLOC_015548 gene editing cell models. In this study, relevant sequences were obtained according to the RNA-seq results. Subsequently, XLOC_015548 knockdown and over-expression lentiviral vectors were constructed, and the C2C12 myoblast cell line was transfected to prepare the XLOC_015548 gene-edited myoblast model. The in vitro analysis revealed that over-expression of XLOC_015548 significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and the formation of myotubes, whereas the opposite result was obtained in the knockdown group. XLOC_015548 regulated myogenic differentiation and affected the expression of myogenic differentiation regulators such as Myod, myogenin, and MyHC. Regarding the signaling pathway, we found that XLOC_015548 correlated with the phosphorylation level of MAPK/MEK/ERK pathway proteins. And the degree of phosphorylation was positively correlated with the protein expression of myogenic differentiation regulators. In conclusion, a new gene-edited myoblast model was constructed based on the lncRNA regulator XLOC_015548. The in vitro cell experiments verified that XLOC_015548 had regulatory effects on muscle growth and myoblast differentiation. These findings provide a laboratory foundation for the clinical application of lncRNAs as regulatory factors in the treatment of disuse muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wei
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Siyang Cao
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Weifei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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Rekhi B, Dodd L, Dharavath B, Dutt A. Cytomorphology of spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma, including MYOD1 (LI22R) mutation result. Diagn Cytopathol 2022; 50:E367-E372. [PMID: 35929754 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), characterized by MYOD1 (L122R) mutation in a subset of cases is a newly described subtype of RMS. Presently, there is no documentation of cytomorphological features, especially of sclerosing RMS. Case 1: A 24-year-old male presented with pain and swelling in his wrist for a one-year duration. MRI revealed a well-defined soft tissue lesion measuring 5.3 cm, encasing the lower end of the ulna. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears revealed clusters of tumor cells with round to oval to spindle-shaped nuclei, scant to moderate amount of cytoplasm with the wisps of the metachromatic stroma. Histopathological examination revealed a malignant tumor comprising cells with polygonal to spindle-shaped nuclei, arranged in a sclerotic stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for desmin, myogenin, and MYOD1. A diagnosis of sclerosing RMS was offered. Furthermore, the tumor revealed MYOD1 (L122R) mutation. Case 2: A 43-year-old male presented with a 4-month history of "nasal stuffiness" and pressure. Imaging revealed a poorly defined infiltrative lesion in his nasal cavity. FNAC smears revealed loose and tightly cohesive clusters of malignant cells with oval to spindle-shaped nuclei, a moderate amount of ill-defined bluish to finely vacuolated cytoplasm, and focal streak artifact with interspersed stromal fragments. Histopathological examination revealed a malignant tumor composed of oval to spindle-shaped nuclei, embedded in a variably hyalinized stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for desmin, and myogenin. Diagnosis of spindle cell/sclerosing RMS was offered. The present study constitutes one of the first documentation of cytomorphological features of two rare cases of spindle cell/sclerosing RMS. The differential diagnoses and treatment-related implications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Rekhi
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India
| | - Leslie Dodd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bhaskar Dharavath
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India
- Integrated Genmomics Laboratory, Advanced Centtre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Khargar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Dutt
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India
- Integrated Genmomics Laboratory, Advanced Centtre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Khargar, Navi Mumbai, India
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11
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Agaimy A, Dermawan JK, Leong I, Stoehr R, Swanson D, Weinreb I, Zhang L, Antonescu CR, Dickson BC. Recurrent VGLL3 fusions define a distinctive subset of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with an indolent clinical course and striking predilection for the head and neck. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2022; 61:701-709. [PMID: 35766997 PMCID: PMC10243299 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Vestigial-like (VGLL) transcriptional cofactor family of proteins VGLL1-4 has recently emerged as an important player in the tumorigenesis of diverse neoplasms. The role of VGLL3 in soft tissue tumors is exemplified by its amplification in myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma and its rearrangement (fused to CHD7, CHD9, or MAMLD1) in hybrid schwannoma-perineurioma. This study characterizes a distinctive low-grade myogenic neoplasm with a striking predilection for the head and neck, characterized by VGLL3 fusions. The study includes five males and one female patient, aged 30-71 years (median, 56). Three tumors originated in the tongue, with one case each in the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx. The VGLL3 fusion partners included TCF12 (n = 3), EP300 (n = 2), and PPARGC1A (n = 1). The tumor size range was 0.8-1.6 cm (all, but one, was <1 cm). Histologically, all tumors displayed bland spindle to ovoid cells arranged into vague fascicular and diffuse patterns. Mitotic activity ranged from 1 to 7 per 10 HPFs. Five tumors were muscle-centered and infiltrative, and one was centered beneath nasopharyngeal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry revealed consistent expression of desmin (diffuse in four and patchy in two cases) associated with patchy smooth muscle actin expression (4/6), and focal reactivity for myogenin (5/6) and myoD1 (1/3). All patients were managed surgically; one patient each received adjuvant radio- or chemotherapy. Three patients with follow-up were without disease at 8, 19, and 60 months and one was alive with unknown disease status at 24 months. All VGLL3 fusions were in-frame and involved exon 2, fused with either TCF12 exon 16, EP300 exon 31, or PPARGC1A exon 5, respectively. This series characterizes a distinctive subset of spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with a predilection for the head and neck in adults, defined by VGLL3 fusions, likely indolent behavior and limited rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Further delineation of this entity and differentiation from more aggressive molecular subtypes of spindle cell RMS is mandatory to define the most appropriate therapeutic strategy and avoid overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center, European Metropolitan Area Erlangen-Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Iona Leong
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center, European Metropolitan Area Erlangen-Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Swanson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ilan Weinreb
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lingxin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Brendan C. Dickson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Leciejewska N, Kołodziejski PA, Sassek M, Nogowski L, Małek E, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E. Ostarine-Induced Myogenic Differentiation in C2C12, L6, and Rat Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084404. [PMID: 35457222 PMCID: PMC9031805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ostarine (also known as enobosarm or Gtx-024) belongs to the selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). It is a substance with an aryl-propionamide structure, classified as a non-steroidal compound that is not subjected to the typical steroid transformations of aromatization and reduction by α5 reductase. Despite ongoing research on ostarine, knowledge about it is still limited. Earlier studies indicated that ostarine may affect the metabolism of muscle tissue, but this mechanism has not been yet described. We aimed to investigate the effect of ostarine on the differentiation and metabolism of muscle. Using C2C12 and L6 cells, as well as muscles obtained from rats administered ostarine, we showed that ostarine stimulates C2C12 and L6 proliferation and cell viability and that this effect is mediated by androgen receptor (AR) and ERK1/2 kinase activation (p < 0.01). We also found that ostarine stimulates muscle cell differentiation by increasing myogenin, MyoD, and MyH expression in both types of cells (p < 0.01). Moreover, pharmacological blocking of AR inhibits the stimulatory effect of ostarine. We further demonstrated that 30 days of ostarine administration increases myogenin, MyoD, and MyH expression, as well as muscle mass, in rats (p < 0.01). Based on our research, we conclude that ostarine stimulates muscle tissue proliferation and differentiation via the androgen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Leciejewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (N.L.); (P.A.K.); (M.S.); (L.N.)
| | - Paweł A. Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (N.L.); (P.A.K.); (M.S.); (L.N.)
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (N.L.); (P.A.K.); (M.S.); (L.N.)
| | - Leszek Nogowski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (N.L.); (P.A.K.); (M.S.); (L.N.)
| | - Emilian Małek
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (N.L.); (P.A.K.); (M.S.); (L.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-8466084
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13
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Tamáš M, Pankratova S, Schjerling P, Soendenbroe C, Yeung CC, Pennisi CP, Jakobsen JR, Krogsgaard MR, Kjaer M, Mackey AL. Mutual stimulatory signaling between human myogenic cells and rat cerebellar neurons. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15077. [PMID: 34713978 PMCID: PMC8554775 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Insight into the bidirectional signaling between primary human myogenic cells and neurons is lacking. For this purpose, human myogenic cells were derived from the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles of five healthy individuals and co-cultured with cerebellar granule neurons from two litters of 7-day-old Wistar rat pups, in muscle medium or neural medium, alongside monocultures of myogenic cells or neurons. RT-PCR was performed to determine human mRNA levels of GAPDH, Ki67, myogenin, and MUSK, and the acetylcholine receptor subtypes CHRNA1, CHRNB1, CHRNG, CHRND, and CHRNE, and rat mRNA levels of GAPDH, Fth1, Rack1, vimentin, Cdh13, and Ppp1r1a. Immunocytochemistry was used to evaluate neurite outgrowth (GAP43) in the presence and absence of myogenic cells. Co-culture with primary neurons lead to higher myogenic cell gene expression levels of GAPDH, myogenin, MUSK, CHRNA1, CHRNG, and CHRND, compared to myogenic cells cultured alone. It appeared that neurons preferentially attached to myotubes and that neurite outgrowth was enhanced when neurons were cultured with myogenic cells compared to monoculture. In neural medium, rat mRNA levels of GAPDH, vimentin, Cdh13, and Ppp1r1a were greater in co-culture, versus monoculture, whereas in muscle medium co-culture lead to lower levels of Fth1, Rack1, vimentin, and Cdh13 than monoculture. These findings demonstrate mutually beneficial stimulatory signaling between rat cerebellar granule neurons and human myogenic cells, providing support for an active role for both the neuron and the muscle cell in stimulating neurite growth and myogenesis. Bidirectional muscle nerve signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Tamáš
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Laboratory of Neural PlasticityDepartment of NeuroscienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Comparative Pediatrics and NutritionDepartment of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Casper Soendenbroe
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- XlabDepartment of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ching‐Yan Chloé Yeung
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine GroupDepartment of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark
| | - Jens R. Jakobsen
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Michael R. Krogsgaard
- Section for Sports Traumatology M51Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Abigail L. Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine CopenhagenDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryCopenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark
- Center for Healthy AgingDepartment of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- XlabDepartment of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Rebboah E, Reese F, Williams K, Balderrama-Gutierrez G, McGill C, Trout D, Rodriguez I, Liang H, Wold BJ, Mortazavi A. Mapping and modeling the genomic basis of differential RNA isoform expression at single-cell resolution with LR-Split-seq. Genome Biol 2021; 22:286. [PMID: 34620214 PMCID: PMC8495978 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in throughput and quality of long-read sequencing should allow unambiguous identification of full-length transcript isoforms. However, its application to single-cell RNA-seq has been limited by throughput and expense. Here we develop and characterize long-read Split-seq (LR-Split-seq), which uses combinatorial barcoding to sequence single cells with long reads. Applied to the C2C12 myogenic system, LR-split-seq associates isoforms to cell types with relative economy and design flexibility. We find widespread evidence of changing isoform expression during differentiation including alternative transcription start sites (TSS) and/or alternative internal exon usage. LR-Split-seq provides an affordable method for identifying cluster-specific isoforms in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rebboah
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Fairlie Reese
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Katherine Williams
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Gabriela Balderrama-Gutierrez
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Cassandra McGill
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Diane Trout
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Isaryhia Rodriguez
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Heidi Liang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Barbara J Wold
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Zhou H, Su H, Chen W. Neddylation Regulates Class IIa and III Histone Deacetylases to Mediate Myoblast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179509. [PMID: 34502418 PMCID: PMC8431717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the largest tissue in the body, skeletal muscle has multiple functions in movement and energy metabolism. Skeletal myogenesis is controlled by a transcriptional cascade including a set of muscle regulatory factors (MRFs) that includes Myogenic Differentiation 1 (MYOD1), Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2), and Myogenin (MYOG), which direct the fusion of myogenic myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes. Neddylation is a posttranslational modification that covalently conjugates ubiquitin-like NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8) to protein targets. Inhibition of neddylation impairs muscle differentiation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain less explored. Here, we report that neddylation is temporally regulated during myoblast differentiation. Inhibition of neddylation through pharmacological blockade using MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) or genetic deletion of NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Subunit 1 (NAE1), a subunit of the E1 neddylation-activating enzyme, blocks terminal myoblast differentiation partially through repressing MYOG expression. Mechanistically, we found that neddylation deficiency enhances the mRNA and protein expressions of class IIa histone deacetylases 4 and 5 (HDAC4 and 5) and prevents the downregulation and nuclear export of class III HDAC (NAD-Dependent Protein Deacetylase Sirtuin-1, SIRT1), all of which have been shown to repress MYOD1-mediated MYOG transcriptional activation. Together, our findings for the first time identify the crucial role of neddylation in mediating class IIa and III HDAC co-repressors to control myogenic program and provide new insights into the mechanisms of muscle disease and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-8779
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
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16
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Kostyuk SV, Proskurnina EV, Ershova ES, Kameneva LV, Malinovskaya EM, Savinova EA, Sergeeva VA, Umriukhin PE, Dolgikh OA, Khakina EA, Kraevaya OA, Troshin PA, Kutsev SI, Veiko NN. The Phosphonate Derivative of C 60 Fullerene Induces Differentiation towards the Myogenic Lineage in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179284. [PMID: 34502190 PMCID: PMC8431706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inductors of myogenic stem cell differentiation attract attention, as they can be used to treat myodystrophies and post-traumatic injuries. Functionalization of fullerenes makes it possible to obtain water-soluble derivatives with targeted biochemical activity. This study examined the effects of the phosphonate C60 fullerene derivatives on the expression of myogenic transcription factors and myogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Uptake of the phosphonate C60 fullerene derivatives in human MSCs, intracellular ROS visualization, superoxide scavenging potential, and the expression of myogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiation genes were studied. The prolonged MSC incubation (within 7–14 days) with the C60 pentaphoshonate potassium salt promoted their differentiation towards the myogenic lineage. The transcription factors and gene expressions determining myogenic differentiation (MYOD1, MYOG, MYF5, and MRF4) increased, while the expression of osteogenic differentiation factors (BMP2, BMP4, RUNX2, SPP1, and OCN) and adipogenic differentiation factors (CEBPB, LPL, and AP2 (FABP4)) was reduced or did not change. The stimulation of autophagy may be one of the factors contributing to the increased expression of myogenic differentiation genes in MSCs. Autophagy may be caused by intracellular alkalosis and/or short-term intracellular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Kostyuk
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Elena V. Proskurnina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elizaveta S. Ershova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Larisa V. Kameneva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Elena M. Malinovskaya
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Savinova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Vasilina A. Sergeeva
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Pavel E. Umriukhin
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
- Department of Normal Physiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) , Mohovaya Str. 11-4, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A. Dolgikh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Khakina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavylova St. 28, B-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga A. Kraevaya
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, 142432 Chernogolovka (Moscow Region), Russia; (O.A.K.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Pavel A. Troshin
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, 142432 Chernogolovka (Moscow Region), Russia; (O.A.K.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Sergey I. Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
| | - Natalia N. Veiko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, ul. Moskvorechye 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.K.); (E.S.E.); (L.V.K.); (E.M.M.); (E.A.S.); (V.A.S.); (P.E.U.); (O.A.D.); (S.I.K.); (N.N.V.)
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17
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Pruller J, Hofer I, Ganassi M, Heher P, Ma MT, Zammit PS. A human Myogenin promoter modified to be highly active in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma drives an effective suicide gene therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:427-441. [PMID: 32973362 PMCID: PMC8119243 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare childhood soft tissue cancer whose cells resemble poorly differentiated skeletal muscle, expressing myogenic proteins including MYOGENIN. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) accounts for ~40% of cases and is associated with a poorer prognosis than other rhabdomyosarcoma variants, especially if containing the chromosomal translocation generating the PAX3-FOXO1 hybrid transcription factor. Metastasis is commonly present at diagnosis, with a five-year survival rate of <30%, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. We designed a suicide gene therapy by generating an ARMS-targeted promoter to drive the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) suicide gene. We modified the minimal human MYOGENIN promoter by deleting both the NF1 and MEF3 transcription factor binding motifs to produce a promoter that is highly active in ARMS cells. Our bespoke ARMS promoter driving HSV-TK efficiently killed ARMS cells in vitro, but not skeletal myoblasts. Using a xenograft mouse model, we also demonstrated that ARMS promoter-HSV-TK causes apoptosis of ARMS cells in vivo. Importantly, combining our suicide gene therapy with standard chemotherapy agents used in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma, reduced the effective drug dose, diminishing deleterious side effects/patient burden. This modified, highly ARMS-specific promoter could provide a new therapy option for this difficult-to-treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pruller
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Isabella Hofer
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Massimo Ganassi
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Philipp Heher
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Michelle T Ma
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Peter S Zammit
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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Husseiny WA, Hassanin AAI, El Nabtiti AAS, Khalil K, Elaswad A. Silver Nanoparticles as Modulators of Myogenesis-Related Gene Expression in Chicken Embryos. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050629. [PMID: 33922304 PMCID: PMC8146831 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of colloidal nanoparticles of silver (Nano-Ag) on the expression of myogenesis-related genes in chicken embryos. The investigated genes included the members of the myogenic regulatory factors family (MRFs) and myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) genes. A total of 200 fertilized broiler eggs (Indian River) were randomly distributed into four groups; non-injected control, injected control with placebo, treatment I in ovo injected with 20 ppm Nano-Ag, and treatment II in ovo injected with 40 ppm Nano-Ag. The eggs were then incubated for 21 days at the optimum temperature and humidity conditions. Breast muscle tissues were collected at the 5th, 8th, and 18th days of the incubation period. The mRNA expression of myogenic determination factor 1 (MYOD1), myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), myogenic factor 6 (MYF6), myogenin (MYOG), and MEF2A was measured at the three sampling points using real-time quantitative PCR, while MYOD1 protein expression was evaluated on day 18 using western blot. Breast muscle tissues were histologically examined on day 18 to detect the changes at the cellular level. Our results indicate that myogenesis was enhanced with the low concentration (20 ppm) of Nano-Ag due to the higher expression of MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 at the transcriptional level and MYOD1 at the translational level. Moreover, histological analysis revealed the presence of hyperplasia (31.4% more muscle fibers) in treatment I (injected with 20 ppm). Our findings indicate that in ovo injection of 20 ppm Nano-Ag enhances the development of muscles in chicken embryos compared with the 40-ppm dosage and provide crucial information for the use of silver nanoparticles in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A. Husseiny
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1003731786
| | - Abeer A. I. Hassanin
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
| | - Adel A. S. El Nabtiti
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
| | - Karim Khalil
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Elaswad
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (A.A.I.H.); (A.A.S.E.N.); (A.E.)
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19
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Adhikari A, Kim W, Davie J. Myogenin is required for assembly of the transcription machinery on muscle genes during skeletal muscle differentiation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245618. [PMID: 33465133 PMCID: PMC7815108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle gene expression is governed by the myogenic regulatory family (MRF) which includes MyoD (MYOD1) and myogenin (MYOG). MYOD1 and MYOG are known to regulate an overlapping set of muscle genes, but MYOD1 cannot compensate for the absence of MYOG in vivo. In vitro, late muscle genes have been shown to be bound by both factors, but require MYOG for activation. The molecular basis for this requirement was unclear. We show here that MYOG is required for the recruitment of TBP and RNAPII to muscle gene promoters, indicating that MYOG is essential in assembling the transcription machinery. Genes regulated by MYOD1 and MYOG include genes required for muscle fusion, myomaker and myomerger, and we show that myomaker is fully dependent on activation by MYOG. We also sought to determine the role of MYOD1 in MYOG dependent gene activation and unexpectedly found that MYOG is required to maintain Myod1 expression. However, we also found that exogenous MYOD1 was unable to compensate for the loss of Myog and activate muscle gene expression. Thus, our results show that MYOD1 and MYOG act in a feed forward loop to maintain each other’s expression and also show that it is MYOG, and not MYOD1, that is required to load TBP and activate gene expression on late muscle gene promoters bound by both factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Adhikari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States of America
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States of America
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - William Kim
- College of Science, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States of America
| | - Judith Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Yang GH, Kim W, Kim J, Kim G. A skeleton muscle model using GelMA-based cell-aligned bioink processed with an electric-field assisted 3D/4D bioprinting. Theranostics 2021; 11:48-63. [PMID: 33391460 PMCID: PMC7681100 DOI: 10.7150/thno.50794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important requirements of biomedical substitutes used in muscle tissue regeneration are appropriate topographical cues and bioactive components for the induction of myogenic differentiation/maturation. Here, we developed an electric field-assisted 3D cell-printing process to fabricate cell-laden fibers with a cell-alignment cue. Methods: We used gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) laden with C2C12 cells. The cells in the GelMA fiber were exposed to electrical stimulation, which induced cell alignment. Various cellular activities, such as cell viability, cell guidance, and proliferation/myogenic differentiation of the microfibrous cells in GelMA, were investigated in response to parameters (applied electric fields, viscosity of the bioink, and encapsulated cell density). In addition, a cell-laden fibrous bundle mimicking the structure of the perimysium was designed using gelatin hydrogel in conjunction with a 4D bioprinting technique. Results: Cell-laden microfibers were fabricated using optimized process parameters (electric field intensity = 0.8 kV cm-1, applying time = 12 s, and cell number = 15 × 106 cells mL-1). The cell alignment induced by the electric field promoted significantly greater myotube formation, formation of highly ordered myotubes, and enhanced maturation, compared to the normally printed cell-laden structure. The shape change mechanism that involved the swelling properties and folding abilities of gelatin was successfully evaluated, and we bundled the GelMA microfibers using a 4D-conceptualized gelatin film. Conclusion: The C2C12-laden GelMA structure demonstrated effective myotube formation/maturation in response to stimulation with an electric field. Based on these results, we propose that our cell-laden fibrous bundles can be employed as in vitro drug testing models for obtaining insights into the various myogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hoon Yang
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjin Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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21
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Nguyen MT, Min KH, Lee W. MiR-96-5p Induced by Palmitic Acid Suppresses the Myogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts by Targeting FHL1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249445. [PMID: 33322515 PMCID: PMC7764195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal myogenesis is a multi-stage process that includes the cell cycle exit, myogenic transcriptional activation, and morphological changes to form multinucleated myofibers. Recent studies have shown that saturated fatty acids (SFA) and miRNAs play crucial roles in myogenesis and muscle homeostasis. Nevertheless, the target molecules and myogenic regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs are largely unknown, particularly when myogenesis is dysregulated by SFA deposition. This study investigated the critical role played by miR-96-5p on the myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. Long-chain SFA palmitic acid (PA) significantly reduced FHL1 expression and inhibited the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts but induced miR-96-5p expression. The knockdown of FHL1 by siRNA stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. Interestingly, miR-96-5p suppressed FHL1 expression by directly targeting the 3’UTR of FHL1 mRNA. The transfection of an miR-96-5p mimic upregulated the expressions of cell cycle-related genes, such as PCNA, CCNB1, and CCND1, and increased myoblast proliferation. Moreover, the miR-96-5p mimic inhibited the expressions of myogenic factors, such as myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), and myosin heavy chain (MyHC), and dramatically impeded differentiation and fusion of myoblasts. Overall, this study highlights the role of miR-96-5p in myogenesis via FHL1 suppression and suggests a novel regulatory mechanism for myogenesis mediated by miRNA in a background of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
| | - Kyung-Ho Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.-H.M.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, 10326 Goyang, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-770-2409; Fax: +82-54-770-2447
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22
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Hiraike Y, Waki H, Miyake K, Wada T, Oguchi M, Saito K, Tsutsumi S, Aburatani H, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T. NFIA differentially controls adipogenic and myogenic gene program through distinct pathways to ensure brown and beige adipocyte differentiation. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009044. [PMID: 32991581 PMCID: PMC7546476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) is a regulator of brown adipocyte differentiation. Here we show that the C-terminal 17 amino acid residues of NFIA (which we call pro#3 domain) are required for the transcriptional activity of NFIA. Full-length NFIA—but not deletion mutant lacking pro#3 domain—rescued impaired expression of PPARγ, the master transcriptional regulator of adipogenesis and impaired adipocyte differentiation in NFIA-knockout cells. Mechanistically, the ability of NFIA to penetrate chromatin and bind to the crucial Pparg enhancer is mediated through pro#3 domain. However, the deletion mutant still binds to Myod1 enhancer to repress expression of MyoD, the master transcriptional regulator of myogenesis as well as proximally transcribed non-coding RNA called DRReRNA, via competition with KLF5 in terms of enhancer binding, leading to suppression of myogenic gene program. Therefore, the negative effect of NFIA on the myogenic gene program is, at least partly, independent of the positive effect on PPARγ expression and its downstream adipogenic gene program. These results uncover multiple ways of action of NFIA to ensure optimal regulation of brown and beige adipocyte differentiation. Obesity and its complications including type 2 diabetes are growing concerns worldwide. While white adipocytes generally store energy in the form of lipid, classical brown and cold- or β-adrenergic stimulation-induced beige adipocytes dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat through uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1). Since the re-discovery of human brown and beige adipocytes, it has been considered a promising target for the treatment of obesity. During mesenchymal development, not only activation of brown/beige adipocyte gene program but also repression of muscle gene program is required to achieve thermogenic adipocyte differentiation. Previously, we identified the transcription factor nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) as a regulator of brown adipocyte differentiation. Here we show that the C-terminal 17 amino acid residues of NFIA, which we call pro#3 domain, is required for activation of adipocyte differentiation. However, the deletion mutant which lacks this domain is still able to suppress muscle gene program by repressing the expression of Myod1, which encode the master transcriptional regulator of myogenesis, MyoD. We demonstrate that NFIA activates adipogenesis and also “actively” suppresses myogenesis through distinct molecular pathways to ensure brown and beige adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hiraike
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Waki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (HW); (HA); (TY); (TK)
| | - Kana Miyake
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahito Wada
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misato Oguchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaede Saito
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (HW); (HA); (TY); (TK)
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (HW); (HA); (TY); (TK)
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (HW); (HA); (TY); (TK)
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23
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Chen KL, Wang Y, Lin ZP, Li HX. The protective effect of rosmarinic acid on myotube formation during myoblast differentiation under heat stress. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:635-641. [PMID: 32901428 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
High ambient temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that caused the reduction of livestock productivity and the increase of mortality. It has been shown that heat stress could affect the meat quality characteristics by physiological and metabolic perturbations in live livestock. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic phytochemical compound that has many important biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antitumor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible function and mechanism of RA on myoblast proliferation and differentiation under heat stress condition. The results showed that heat stress reduced the viability of myoblast and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells, and it also disrupted myotube formation by altering the expression of myogenic regulatory factors MyoD, myogenin, and MyHC. However, pretreatment of RA can protect C2C12 cells from heat stress-induced apoptosis, and it also increased the expression level of MyoD, myogenin, and MyHC under heat stress, which indicated that RA have protective effect on heat stress-caused failure of myotube formation during myoblast differentiation. Above all, our finding demonstrated that RA can promote the differentiation of C2C12 myoblast and maintain the formation of myotubes even under heat stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Lin
- Youyuan Research Institute of Dairy Industry Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Hui-Xia Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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24
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Al Tanoury Z, Rao J, Tassy O, Gobert B, Gapon S, Garnier JM, Wagner E, Hick A, Hall A, Gussoni E, Pourquié O. Differentiation of the human PAX7-positive myogenic precursors/satellite cell lineage in vitro. Development 2020; 147:dev187344. [PMID: 32541004 PMCID: PMC7328153 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SC) are muscle stem cells that can regenerate adult muscles upon injury. Most SC originate from PAX7+ myogenic precursors set aside during development. Although myogenesis has been studied in mouse and chicken embryos, little is known about human muscle development. Here, we report the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reporter lines in which fluorescent proteins have been introduced into the PAX7 and MYOG loci. We use single cell RNA sequencing to analyze the developmental trajectory of the iPSC-derived PAX7+ myogenic precursors. We show that the PAX7+ cells generated in culture can produce myofibers and self-renew in vitro and in vivo Together, we demonstrate that cells exhibiting characteristics of human fetal satellite cells can be produced in vitro from iPSC, opening interesting avenues for muscular dystrophy cell therapy. This work provides significant insights into the development of the human myogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Al Tanoury
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Department of Development and Stem Cells, CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jyoti Rao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivier Tassy
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Department of Development and Stem Cells, CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Bénédicte Gobert
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Department of Development and Stem Cells, CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
- Anagenesis Biotechnologies, Parc d'innovation - BioParc 3, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brandt, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Svetlana Gapon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jean-Marie Garnier
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Department of Development and Stem Cells, CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Erica Wagner
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aurore Hick
- Anagenesis Biotechnologies, Parc d'innovation - BioParc 3, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brandt, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Arielle Hall
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS, Boston, MA 15021, USA
| | - Emanuela Gussoni
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS, Boston, MA 15021, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Department of Development and Stem Cells, CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404, Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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He Y, Chen X, Yu X. Evaluation of New Monoclonal Anti-MyoD1 (MX049) for the Diagnosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma: Comparison with 5.8A, EP212, Anti-Desmin, Anti-Myogenin, and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2020; 50:412-416. [PMID: 32581037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a primitive embryonal mesenchymal neoplasm demonstrating skeletal muscle differentiation. Diagnosis of RMS remains difficult due to the diversity of clinical features, pathological forms, and lesion's locations. Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization are common methods used to aid RMS diagnosis. In this research we tested protein expression of Desmin (Clone MX046), MyoD1 (Clone MX049), MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A), MyoD1 (Clone EP212), Myogenin (Clone F5D), and cytogenetic features in 21 RMS cases, with following results: positive rates of Desmin (Clone MX046), MyoD1 (Clone MX049), MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A), MyoD1 (Clone EP212) and Myogenin (Clone F5D) were 100.00%, 100.00%, 90.48%, 95.24% and 85.71%, respectively, with cytoplasmic stains of MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A) in 38.10% (8/21) cases and only nuclear stains of MyoD1 (Clone EP212), MyoD1 (Clone MX049) in all positive cases. FOXO1 gene was detected apart in 9 alveolar RMS samples, where MyoD1 (Clone MX049), MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A) and MyoD1 (Clone EP212) were 100% positive but MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A) only 44.44% (4/9). Thus we believe MyoD1 (Clone MX049) performs more sensitive and specific than MyoD1 (Clone 5.8A) and MyoD1 (Clone EP212).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui He
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Xunbin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
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Kang X, Zhao Y, Van Arsdell G, Nelson SF, Touma M. Ppp1r1b-lncRNA inhibits PRC2 at myogenic regulatory genes to promote cardiac and skeletal muscle development in mouse and human. RNA 2020; 26:481-491. [PMID: 31953255 PMCID: PMC7075267 DOI: 10.1261/rna.073692.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical epigenetic regulators and play important roles in cardiac development and congenital heart disease. In a previous study, we identified a novel lncRNA, Ppp1r1b, with expression highly correlated with myogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies Ppp1r1b-lncRNA function in myogenic regulation is unknown. By silencing Ppp1r1b-lncRNA, mouse C2C12 and human skeletal myoblasts failed to develop fully differentiated myotubes. Myogenic differentiation was also impaired in PPP1R1B-lncRNA deficient human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCs-CMs). The expression of myogenic transcription factors, including MyoD, Myogenin, and Tbx5, as well as sarcomere proteins, was significantly suppressed in Ppp1r1b-lncRNA inhibited myoblast cells and neonatal mouse heart. Histone modification analysis revealed increased H3K27 tri-methylation at MyoD1 and Myogenin promoters in GapmeR treated C2C12 cells. Furthermore, Ppp1r1b-lncRNA was found to bind to Ezh2, and chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) assay revealed enriched interaction of Ppp1r1b-lncRNA with Myod1 and Tbx5 promoters, suggesting that Ppp1r1b-lncRNA induces transcription of myogenic transcription factors by interacting with the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) at the chromatin interface. Correspondingly, the silencing of Ppp1r1b-lncRNA increased EZH2 binding at promoter regions of myogenic transcription factors. Therefore, our results suggest that Ppp1r1b-lncRNA promotes myogenic differentiation through competing for PRC2 binding with chromatin of myogenic master regulators during heart and skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Glen Van Arsdell
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Marlin Touma
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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27
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Lei H, Lam N, Carter S, Yockey O, Xu M, Mendoza A, Hernandez ER, Wei JS, Khan J, Yohe ME, Shern JF, Thiele CJ. CASZ1 induces skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma differentiation through a feed-forward loop with MYOD and MYOG. Nat Commun 2020; 11:911. [PMID: 32060262 PMCID: PMC7021771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a childhood cancer that expresses myogenic master regulatory factor MYOD but fails to differentiate. Here, we show that the zinc finger transcription factor CASZ1 up-regulates MYOD signature genes and induces skeletal muscle differentiation in normal myoblasts and ERMS. The oncogenic activation of the RAS-MEK pathway suppresses CASZ1 expression in ERMS. ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq experiments reveal that CASZ1 directly up-regulates skeletal muscle genes and represses non-muscle genes through affecting regional epigenetic modifications, chromatin accessibility and super-enhancer establishment. Next generation sequencing of primary RMS tumors identified a single nucleotide variant in the CASZ1 coding region that potentially contributes to ERMS tumorigenesis. Taken together, loss of CASZ1 activity, due to RAS-MEK signaling or genetic alteration, impairs ERMS differentiation, contributing to RMS tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Norris Lam
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sakereh Carter
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oliver Yockey
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Max Xu
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arnulfo Mendoza
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edjay R Hernandez
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun S Wei
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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28
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Ma YB, Zhang FD, Wang J, Wu SG, Qi GH, Zhang HJ. Effect of in ovo feeding of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on hatchability, muscle growth and performance in prenatal and posthatch broilers. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:755-763. [PMID: 31605375 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is the metabolite of leucine that plays an important role in muscle protein metabolism. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of HMB at 7 days of incubation (DOI) via air cell or 18 DOI via amnion on hatchability, muscle growth and performance in prenatal and posthatch broilers. RESULTS IOF of HMB via air cell at 7 DOI increased hatchability by 4.34% compared with the control (89.67% versus 85.33%). Birds in IOF groups exhibited higher body weight, average daily body weight gain and pectoral muscle percentage. Furthermore, IOF of HMB significantly increased the level of plasma growth hormone, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1. Chicks hatched from IOF treatment had larger diameters of muscle fiber and higher mitotic activity of satellite cells at early posthatch age. IOF of HMB activated satellite cells by upregulation of mRNA expression of myogenic transcription factors, myogenic differentiation one (MyoD) and myogenin. Chicks hatched from air cell injection group had higher pectoral muscle percentage at 5 d posthatch and greater satellite cell mitotic activity at 7 d posthatch than counterparts from amnion injection group. CONCLUSIONS IOF of HMB via amnion at 18 DOI or especially via air cell at 7 DOI could be used as an effective approach to enhance hatchability, productive performance and breast muscle yield in broilers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Biao Ma
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Dong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hai Qi
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Beijing, China
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Dhanani ZN, Mann G, Adegoke OAJ. Depletion of branched-chain aminotransferase 2 (BCAT2) enzyme impairs myoblast survival and myotube formation. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14299. [PMID: 31833233 PMCID: PMC6908738 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the positive effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in regulating muscle protein metabolism. Comparatively much less is known about the effects of these amino acids and their metabolites in regulating myotube formation. Using cultured myoblasts, we showed that although leucine is required for myotube formation, this requirement is easily met by α-ketoisocaproic acid, the ketoacid of leucine. We then demonstrated increases in the expression of the first two enzymes in the catabolism of the three BCAA, branched-chain amino transferase (BCAT2) and branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD), with ~3× increase in BCKD protein expression (p < .05) during differentiation. Furthermore, depletion of BCAT2 abolished myoblast differentiation, as indicated by reduction in the levels of myosin heavy chain-1, troponin and myogenin. Supplementation of incubation medium with branched-chain α-ketoacids or related metabolites derivable from BCAT2 functions did not rescue the defects. However, co-depletion of BCKD kinase partially rescued the defects. Collectively, our data indicate a requirement for BCAA catabolism during myotube formation and that this requirement for BCAT2 likely goes beyond the need for this enzyme to generate the α-ketoacids of the BCAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zameer N. Dhanani
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceMuscle Health Research CentreYork UniversityTorontoONCanada
| | - Gagandeep Mann
- School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceMuscle Health Research CentreYork UniversityTorontoONCanada
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Valladares-Ide D, Peñailillo L, Collao N, Marambio H, Deldicque L, Zbinden-Foncea H. Activation of protein synthesis, regeneration, and MAPK signaling pathways following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E1131-E1139. [PMID: 31593504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00216.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the activation of skeletal muscle signaling pathways related to protein synthesis and the gene expression of regeneration/degradation markers following repeated bouts of eccentric cycling. Nine untrained men (25.4 ± 1.9 yr) performed two 30-min eccentric cycling bouts (ECC1, ECC2) at 85% of maximal concentric workload, separated by 2 wk. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before and 2 h after each bout. Indirect markers of muscle damage were assessed before and 24-48 h after exercise. Changes in the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/rbosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1)/ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) and MAPK signaling pathways were measured by Western blot and changes in mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-1β, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) were measured by real-time PCR. ECC1 induced greater increases in indirect markers of muscle damage compared with ECC2. Phosphorylation of S6K1 and rpS6 increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), whereas phosphorylation of mTOR increased after ECC2 only (P = 0.03). Atrogin-1 mRNA expression decreased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05) without changes in muscle RING-finger protein-1 mRNA. Basal mRNA levels of myoblast determination protein-1 (MyoD), MRF4, and myogenin were higher 2 wk after ECC1 (P < 0.05). MRF4 mRNA increased after ECC1 and ECC2 (P < 0.05), whereas MyoD mRNA expression increased only after ECC1 (P = 0.03). Phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK increased after both exercise bouts (P < 0.05), similar to IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression. All together, these results suggest that differential regulation of the mTOR pathway and MRF expression could mediate the repeated bout effect observed between an initial and secondary bout of eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Valladares-Ide
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Peñailillo
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Collao
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Marambio
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hermann Zbinden-Foncea
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Salud Deportiva, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
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Roh YH, Hong SW, Chung SW, Lee YS. Altered gene and protein expressions of vitamin D receptor in skeletal muscle in sarcopenic patients who sustained distal radius fractures. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:920-927. [PMID: 30790083 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-00995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in skeletal muscle cells, the relationship between VDR expressions and muscle mass or function has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to compare VDR gene and protein expression in the forearm muscle between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic individuals who have sustained distal radius fractures. Twenty samples of muscle tissue from sarcopenic patients (mean age 63.4 ± 8.1 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched control tissues (62.1 ± 7.9 years) were acquired from the edge of dissected pronator quadratus muscle during surgery for distal radius fractures. The mRNA expression levels of VDR as well as the myokines of interest that may be associated with muscle mass change (myogenin and myostatin) were analyzed with real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In addition, Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry for VDR were performed. Sarcopenic patients showed a significantly lower level of gene expression for VDR and myogenin, but a greater level of gene expression for myostatin than the controls according to qRT-PCR analysis. The density of VDR protein expressions was 2.1 times greater, while that of myostatin was 2.6 times lower, in the control group than in the sarcopenic group according to Western blot analysis. On immunohistochemical analysis, the density of the cells expressing VDR was significantly decreased in the sarcopenic patients. Sarcopenic patients who sustained distal radius fractures presented lower vitamin D receptor gene and protein expression in skeletal muscles compared to non-sarcopenic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hak Roh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, South Korea.
| | - Seok Woo Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, South Korea
| | - Seok Won Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-729, South Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-729, South Korea
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Botzenhart UU, Gerlach R, Gredes T, Rentzsch I, Gedrange T, Kunert-Keil C. Expression rate of myogenic regulatory factors and muscle growth factor after botulinum toxin A injection in the right masseter muscle of dystrophin deficient (mdx) mice. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2019; 28:11-18. [PMID: 30085421 DOI: 10.17219/acem/76263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mdx mouse, the most approved animal model for basic research in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), has the ability to compensate muscle degeneration by regeneration process, which is obvious at approx. 3 months of age. Hence, this mouse model is only temporarily suitable to proof craniofacial changes which are usually evident in humans with the progression of the disease. OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in influencing muscle regeneration in the masticatory muscles of healthy and mdx mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Chemo-denervation of the right masseter muscle was induced in 100-day-old, healthy and dystrophic mice by a specific intramuscular BTX-A injection. Gene expression and protein content of myogenic regulatory factors and muscle growth factor (MyoD1, myogenin and myostatin) in the right and left masseter, temporal and the tongue muscle were determined 4 and 21 days after injection, respectively, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot technique. RESULTS The 4 day and 21 day interval proved significant but varying changes of mRNA expression in both control and mdx mice. At the protein level, myogenin expression was increased in the temporal and masseter muscle on the injection side in controls, whereas dystrophic mice showed the same effect for MyoD1 expression. Additionally, increased protein expression of all studied genes could be found in dystrophic mice compared to controls, except the left temporal and the tongue muscle. CONCLUSIONS Muscle regeneration is not constant in BTX-A injected mdx masticatory muscles, presumably due to the already exhausted capacity or functional loss of satellite cells caused by dystrophin deficiency, and, therefore, disturbed regeneration potential of myofibrils. Botulinum toxin A injection cannot fully break down regulatory processes at molecular level in 100-day-old mdx mice. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the regeneration process following BTX-A injection into dystrophic muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute U Botzenhart
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Ricarda Gerlach
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gredes
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Ines Rentzsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gedrange
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Christiane Kunert-Keil
- Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Jagot S, Sabin N, Le Cam A, Bugeon J, Rescan PY, Gabillard JC. Histological, transcriptomic and in vitro analysis reveal an intrinsic activated state of myogenic precursors in hyperplasic muscle of trout. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:865. [PMID: 30509177 PMCID: PMC6276237 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dramatic increase in myotomal muscle mass in post-hatching fish is related to their ability to lastingly produce new muscle fibres, a process termed hyperplasia. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying fish muscle hyperplasia largely remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to characterize intrinsic properties of myogenic cells originating from hyperplasic fish muscle. For this purpose, we compared in situ proliferation, in vitro cell behavior and transcriptomic profile of myogenic precursors originating from hyperplasic muscle of juvenile trout (JT) and from non-hyperplasic muscle of fasted juvenile trout (FJT) and adult trout (AT). RESULTS For the first time, we showed that myogenic precursors proliferate in hyperplasic muscle from JT as shown by in vivo BrdU labeling. This proliferative rate was very low in AT and FJT muscle. Transcriptiomic analysis revealed that myogenic cells from FJT and AT displayed close expression profiles with only 64 differentially expressed genes (BH corrected p-val < 0.001). In contrast, 2623 differentially expressed genes were found between myogenic cells from JT and from both FJT and AT. Functional categories related to translation, mitochondrial activity, cell cycle, and myogenic differentiation were inferred from genes up regulated in JT compared to AT and FJT myogenic cells. Conversely, Notch signaling pathway, that signs cell quiescence, was inferred from genes down regulated in JT compared to FJT and AT. In line with our transcriptomic data, in vitro JT myogenic precursors displayed higher proliferation and differentiation capacities than FJT and AT myogenic precursors. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptomic analysis and examination of cell behavior converge to support the view that myogenic cells extracted from hyperplastic muscle of juvenile trout are intrinsically more potent to form myofibres than myogenic cells extracted from non-hyperplasic muscle. The generation of gene expression profiles in myogenic cell extracted from muscle of juvenile trout may yield insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling hyperplasia and provides a useful list of potential molecular markers of hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Jagot
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Sabin
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Le Cam
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jérôme Bugeon
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Rescan
- INRA, LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomic Laboratory, 35000 Rennes, France
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Kim J, Wellmann KB, Smith ZK, Johnson BJ. All-trans retinoic acid increases the expression of oxidative myosin heavy chain through the PPARδ pathway in bovine muscle cells derived from satellite cells. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2763-2776. [PMID: 29688535 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been associated with various physiological phenomenon in mammalian adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that ATRA may affect skeletal muscle fiber type in bovine satellite cell culture through various transcriptional processes. Bovine primary satellite cell (BSC) culture experiments were conducted to determine dose effects of ATRA on expression of genes and protein levels related to skeletal muscle fiber type and metabolism. The semimembranosus from crossbred steers (n = 2 steers), aged approximately 24 mo, were used to isolate BSC for 3 separate assays. Myogenic differentiation was induced using 3% horse serum upon cultured BSC with increasing doses (0, 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 nM) of ATRA. After 96 h of incubation, cells were harvested and used to measure the gene expression of protein kinase B (Akt), AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPK), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), myogenin, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), myosin heavy chain (MHC) I, MHC IIA, MHC IIX, insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), PPARδ, and Smad transcription factor 3 (SMAD3) mRNA relative to ribosomal protein subunit 9 (RPS9). The mRNA expression of LPL was increased (P < 0.05) with 100 and 1,000 nM of ATRA. Expression of GLUT4 was altered (P < 0.05) by ATRA. The treatment of ATRA (1,000 nM) also increased (P < 0.05) mRNA gene expression of SMAD3. The gene expression of both PPARδ and PPARγ were increased (P < 0.05) with 1,000 nM of ATRA. Protein level of PPARδ was also affected (P < 0.05) by 1,000 nM of ATRA and resulted in a greater (P < 0.05) protein level of PPARδ compared to CON. All-trans retinoic acid (10 nM) increased gene expression of MHC I (P < 0.05) compared to CON. Expression of MHC IIA was also influenced (P < 0.05) by ATRA. The mRNA expression of MHC IIX was decreased (P < 0.05) with 100 and 1,000 nM of ATRA. In muscle cells, ATRA may cause muscle fibers to transition towards the MHC isoform that prefers oxidative metabolism, as evidenced by increased expression of genes associated with the MHC I isoform. These changes in MHC isoforms appeared to be brought about by changing PPARδ gene expression and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkyoo Kim
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | | | - Zachary K Smith
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | - Bradley J Johnson
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
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Wang Y, Ma J, Qiu W, Zhang J, Feng S, Zhou X, Wang X, Jin L, Long K, Liu L, Xiao W, Tang Q, Zhu L, Jiang Y, Li X, Li M. Guanidinoacetic Acid Regulates Myogenic Differentiation and Muscle Growth Through miR-133a-3p and miR-1a-3p Co-mediated Akt/mTOR/S6K Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092837. [PMID: 30235878 PMCID: PMC6163908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), an amino acid derivative that is endogenous to animal tissues including muscle and nerve, has been reported to enhance muscular performance. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a post-transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in nutrient-mediated myogenesis. However, the effects of GAA on myogenic differentiation and skeletal muscle growth, and the potential regulatory mechanisms of miRNA in these processes have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of GAA on proliferation, differentiation, and growth in C2C12 cells and mice. The results showed that GAA markedly inhibited the proliferation of myoblasts, along with the down-regulation of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) mRNA expression, and the upregulation of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21) mRNA expression. We also demonstrated that GAA treatment stimulated myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD) and myogenin (MyoG) mRNA expression, resulting in an increase in the myotube fusion rate. Meanwhile, GAA supplementation promoted myotube growth through increase in total myosin heavy chain (MyHC) protein level, myotubes thickness and gastrocnemius muscle cross-sectional area. Furthermore, small RNA sequencing revealed that a total of eight miRNAs, including miR-133a-3p and miR-1a-3p cluster, showed differential expression after GAA supplementation. To further study the function of miR-133a-3p and miR-1a-3p in GAA-induced skeletal muscle growth, we transfected miR-133a-3p and miR-1a-3p mimics into myotube, which also induced muscle growth. Through bioinformatics and a dual-luciferase reporter system, the target genes of miR-133a-3p and miR-1a-3p were determined. These two miRNAs were shown to modulate the Akt/mTOR/S6K signaling pathway by restraining target gene expression. Taken together, these findings suggest that GAA supplementation can promote myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle growth through miR-133a-3p- and miR-1a-3p-induced activation of the AKT/mTOR/S6K signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jideng Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Wanling Qiu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xiankun Zhou
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Long Jin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Keren Long
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Weihang Xiao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xuewei Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Nagatomo F, Takemura A, Roy RR, Fujino H, Kondo H, Ishihara A. Mild hyperbaric oxygen inhibits the growth-related decline in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and prevents hyperglycemia in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes 2018; 10:753-763. [PMID: 29633563 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans and animals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit low skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and impaired glucose metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of exposure to mild hyperbaric oxygen on these changes in obese rats with T2DM. METHODS Five-week-old non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) and diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were divided into normobaric (LETO-NB and OLETF-NB) and mild hyperbaric oxygen (LETO-MHO and OLETF-MHO) groups. The LETO-MHO and OLETF-MHO groups received 1266 hPa with 36% oxygen for 3 h daily for 22 weeks. RESULTS Fasting and non-fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and triglyceride levels were lower in the OLETF-MHO group than in the OLETF-NB group (P < 0.05). In the soleus muscle, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ/β (Pparδ/β), Pparγ, and PPARγ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α) mRNA levels were lower in the OLETF-NB group than in all other groups (P < 0.05), whereas myogenin (Myog) and myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) mRNA levels were higher in the OLETF-MHO group than in the LETO-NB and OLETF-NB groups (P < 0.05). The soleus muscles in the OLETF-NB group contained only low-oxidative Type I fibers, whereas those in all other groups contained high-oxidative Type IIA and Type IIC fibers in addition to Type I fibers. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to mild hyperbaric oxygen inhibits the decline in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and prevents the hyperglycemia associated with T2DM. Pgc-1α, Myog, and Myf5 mRNA levels appear to be closely associated with skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in rats with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Nagatomo
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ai Takemura
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Roland R Roy
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Nagoya Women's University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Cerquone Perpetuini A, Re Cecconi AD, Chiappa M, Martinelli GB, Fuoco C, Desiderio G, Castagnoli L, Gargioli C, Piccirillo R, Cesareni G. Group I Paks support muscle regeneration and counteract cancer-associated muscle atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:727-746. [PMID: 29781585 PMCID: PMC6104114 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle is characterized by an efficient regeneration potential that is often impaired during myopathies. Understanding the molecular players involved in muscle homeostasis and regeneration could help to find new therapies against muscle degenerative disorders. Previous studies revealed that the Ser/Thr kinase p21 protein-activated kinase 1 (Pak1) was specifically down-regulated in the atrophying gastrocnemius of Yoshida hepatoma-bearing rats. In this study, we evaluated the role of group I Paks during cancer-related atrophy and muscle regeneration. METHODS We examined Pak1 expression levels in the mouse Tibialis Anterior muscles during cancer cachexia induced by grafting colon adenocarcinoma C26 cells and in vitro by dexamethasone treatment. We investigated whether the overexpression of Pak1 counteracts muscle wasting in C26-bearing mice and in vitro also during interleukin-6 (IL6)-induced or dexamethasone-induced C2C12 atrophy. Moreover, we analysed the involvement of group I Paks on myogenic differentiation in vivo and in vitro using the group I chemical inhibitor IPA-3. RESULTS We found that Pak1 expression levels are reduced during cancer-induced cachexia in the Tibialis Anterior muscles of colon adenocarcinoma C26-bearing mice and in vitro during dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. Electroporation of muscles of C26-bearing mice with plasmids directing the synthesis of PAK1 preserves fiber size in cachectic muscles by restraining the expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 and possibly by inducing myogenin expression. Consistently, the overexpression of PAK1 reduces the dexamethasone-induced expression of MuRF1 in myotubes and increases the phospho-FOXO3/FOXO3 ratio. Interestingly, the ectopic expression of PAK1 counteracts atrophy in vitro by restraining the IL6-Stat3 signalling pathway measured in luciferase-based assays and by reducing rates of protein degradation in atrophying myotubes exposed to IL6. On the other hand, we observed that the inhibition of group I Paks has no effect on myotube atrophy in vitro and is associated with impaired muscle regeneration in vivo and in vitro. In fact, we found that mice treated with the group I inhibitor IPA-3 display a delayed recovery from cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury. This is consistent with in vitro experiments showing that IPA-3 impairs myogenin expression and myotube formation in vessel-associated myogenic progenitors, C2C12 myoblasts, and satellite cells. Finally, we observed that IPA-3 reduces p38α/β phosphorylation that is required to proceed through various stages of satellite cells differentiation: activation, asymmetric division, and ultimately myotube formation. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide novel evidence that is consistent with group I Paks playing a central role in the regulation of muscle homeostasis, atrophy and myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea David Re Cecconi
- Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS‐Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchVia Giuseppe La Masa20156MilanItaly
| | - Michela Chiappa
- Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS‐Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchVia Giuseppe La Masa20156MilanItaly
| | - Giulia Benedetta Martinelli
- Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS‐Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchVia Giuseppe La Masa20156MilanItaly
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della ricerca scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Giovanni Desiderio
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della ricerca scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Luisa Castagnoli
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della ricerca scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della ricerca scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of NeurosciencesIRCCS‐Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchVia Giuseppe La Masa20156MilanItaly
| | - Gianni Cesareni
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della ricerca scientifica00133RomeItaly
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Xiao H, Li H, Zhang D, Li Y, Sun S, Huang C. Inactivation of Venom PLA₂ Alleviates Myonecrosis and Facilitates Muscle Regeneration in Envenomed Mice: A Time Course Observation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081911. [PMID: 30065214 PMCID: PMC6222452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake venom is a complex cocktail of toxins which induces a series of clinical and pathophysiological manifestations in victims, including severe local tissue damage and systemic alterations. Deinagkistrodon acutus (D. acutus) ranks among the “big four” life-threatening venomous species in China, whose venom possesses strong myotoxicity and hematotoxicity that often lead to permanent disability or muscle atrophy. Varespladib, an inhibitor of mammalian phospholipase A2 (PLA2), has been recently reproposed as an effective antidote against snakebite envenomation. The present study aimed at evaluating the protective role of varespladib on muscle regeneration in envenomed mice. Mice were grouped and subjected to inoculation with D. acutus venom or a mixture of venom and varespladib or control vehicle in the gastrocnemius muscle. Local injuries including hemorrhage, myonecrosis, ulceration, and systemic damages including general dysfunction, visceral failure, and inflammatory responses were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The results indicated that most of the muscle myonecrosis and hemorrhage were alleviated by varespladib. Besides, the pretreated mice recovered rapidly with lesser atrophy and muscle fibrosis. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that varespladib is an effective antidote that could neutralize D. acutus venom and allow for earlier and improved rehabilitation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiang Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Haoran Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Denghong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Shimin Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Chunhong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Tsai PF, Dell'Orso S, Rodriguez J, Vivanco KO, Ko KD, Jiang K, Juan AH, Sarshad AA, Vian L, Tran M, Wangsa D, Wang AH, Perovanovic J, Anastasakis D, Ralston E, Ried T, Sun HW, Hafner M, Larson DR, Sartorelli V. A Muscle-Specific Enhancer RNA Mediates Cohesin Recruitment and Regulates Transcription In trans. Mol Cell 2018; 71:129-141.e8. [PMID: 29979962 PMCID: PMC6082425 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The enhancer regions of the myogenic master regulator MyoD give rise to at least two enhancer RNAs. Core enhancer eRNA (CEeRNA) regulates transcription of the adjacent MyoD gene, whereas DRReRNA affects expression of Myogenin in trans. We found that DRReRNA is recruited at the Myogenin locus, where it colocalizes with Myogenin nascent transcripts. DRReRNA associates with the cohesin complex, and this association correlates with its transactivating properties. Despite being expressed in undifferentiated cells, cohesin is not loaded on Myogenin until the cells start expressing DRReRNA, which is then required for cohesin chromatin recruitment and maintenance. Functionally, depletion of either cohesin or DRReRNA reduces chromatin accessibility, prevents Myogenin activation, and hinders muscle cell differentiation. Thus, DRReRNA ensures spatially appropriate cohesin loading in trans to regulate gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Fang Tsai
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stefania Dell'Orso
- High-Throughput Sequencing Unit, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joseph Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karinna O Vivanco
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kyung-Dae Ko
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aster H Juan
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aishe A Sarshad
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laura Vian
- Translational Immunology Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michelle Tran
- Light Imaging Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - A Hongjun Wang
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jelena Perovanovic
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dimitrios Anastasakis
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Evelyn Ralston
- Light Imaging Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel R Larson
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Pasiakos SM, Berryman CE, Carbone JW, Murphy NE, Carrigan CT, Bamman MM, Ferrando AA, Young AJ, Margolis LM. Muscle Fn14 gene expression is associated with fat-free mass retention during energy deficit at high altitude. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13801. [PMID: 30009538 PMCID: PMC6046641 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular factors that modulate fat-free mass (FFM) loss in lowlanders exposed to energy deficit during high-altitude (HA) sojourns remain unclear. Muscle inflammation may contribute to FFM loss at HA by inducing atrophy and inhibiting myogenesis via the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible protein 14 (Fn14). To explore whether muscle inflammation modulates FFM loss reportedly developing during HA sojourns, muscle inflammation, myogenesis, and proteolysis were assessed in 16 men at sea level (SL) and following 21 days of energy deficit (-1862 ± 525 kcal/days) at high altitude (HA, 4300 m). Total body mass (TBM), FFM, and fat mass (FM) were assessed using DEXA. Gene expression and proteolytic enzymatic activities were assessed in muscle samples collected at rest at SL and HA. Participants lost 7.2 ± 1.8 kg TBM (P < 0.05); 43 ± 30% and 57 ± 30% of the TBM lost was FFM and FM, respectively. Fn14, TWEAK, TNF alpha-receptor (TNFα-R), TNFα, MYOGENIN, and paired box protein-7 (PAX7) were upregulated (P < 0.05) at HA compared to SL. Stepwise linear regression identified that Fn14 explained the highest percentage of variance in FFM loss (r2 = 0.511, P < 0.05). Dichotomization of volunteers into HIGH and LOW Fn14 gene expression indicated HIGH lost less FFM and more FM (28 ± 28% and 72 ± 28%, respectively) as a proportion of TBM loss than LOW (58 ± 26% and 42 ± 26%; P < 0.05) at HA. MYOGENIN gene expression was also greater for HIGH versus LOW (P < 0.05). These data suggest that heightened Fn14 gene expression is not catabolic and may protect FFM during HA sojourns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M. Pasiakos
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Claire E. Berryman
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and EducationOak RidgeTennessee
| | - John W. Carbone
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and EducationOak RidgeTennessee
- School of Health SciencesEastern Michigan UniversityYpsilantiMichigan
| | - Nancy E. Murphy
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Christopher T. Carrigan
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Arny A. Ferrando
- Department of GeriatricsThe Center for Translational Research in Aging & LongevityDonald W. Reynolds Institute of AgingUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansas
| | - Andrew J. Young
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and EducationOak RidgeTennessee
| | - Lee M. Margolis
- Military Nutrition DivisionU.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusetts
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and EducationOak RidgeTennessee
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41
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Abstract
Lysosomes are organelles that play a crucial role in the degradation of endocytosed molecules, phagocytosed macromolecules and autophagic substrates. The membrane of lysosomes contains several highly glycosylated membrane proteins, and lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1 and LAMP-2 account for a major portion of the lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. Although it is well known that LAMP-2 deficiency causes Danon disease, which is characterized by cardiomyopathy, myopathy and mental retardation, the roles of lysosomal membrane proteins including LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 in myogenesis are not fully understood. In this study, to understand the role of LAMP proteins in the course of differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes, we used C2C12 myoblasts and found that the protein and mRNA levels of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 were increased in the course of differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into myotubes. Then, we investigated the effects of LAMP-1 or LAMP-2 knockdown on C2C12 myotube formation, and found that LAMP-1 or LAMP-2 depletion impaired the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts and reduced the diameter of C2C12 myotubes. LAMP-2 knockdown more severely impaired C2C12 myotube formation compared with LAMP-1 knockdown, and knockdown of LAMP-1 did not exacerbate the suppressive effects of LAMP-2 knockdown on C2C12 myotube formation. In addition, knockdown of LAMP-1 or LAMP-2 decreased the expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors, MyoD and myogenin. These results demonstrate that both LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 are involved in C2C12 myotube formation and LAMP-2 may contribute dominantly to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakane
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Kenji Akasaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
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42
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Byun SK, An TH, Son MJ, Lee DS, Kang HS, Lee EW, Han BS, Kim WK, Bae KH, Oh KJ, Lee SC. HDAC11 Inhibits Myoblast Differentiation through Repression of MyoD-Dependent Transcription. Mol Cells 2017; 40:667-676. [PMID: 28927261 PMCID: PMC5638774 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type II diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions. Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mechanisms that regulate key cellular processes. In this study, to elucidate the relationship between myogenic differentiation and protein lysine acetylation/methylation, we performed a PCR array of enzymes related to protein lysine acetylation/methylation during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Our results indicated that the expression pattern of HDAC11 was substantially increased during myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, ectopic expression of HDAC11 completely inhibited myoblast differentiation, concomitant with reduced expression of key myogenic transcription factors. However, the catalytically inactive mutant of HDAC11 (H142/143A) did not impede myoblast differentiation. In addition, wild-type HDAC11, but not the inactive HDAC11 mutant, suppressed MyoD-induced promoter activities of MEF2C and MYOG (Myogenin), and reduced histone acetylation near the E-boxes, the MyoD binding site, of the MEF2C and MYOG promoters. Collectively, our results indicate that HDAC11 would suppress myoblast differentiation via regulation of MyoD-dependent transcription. These findings suggest that HDAC11 is a novel critical target for controlling myoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyung Byun
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Tae Hyeon An
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Min Jeong Son
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Da Som Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Hyun Sup Kang
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Baek Soo Han
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
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43
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Burgerhout E, Mommens M, Johnsen H, Aunsmo A, Santi N, Andersen Ø. Genetic background and embryonic temperature affect DNA methylation and expression of myogenin and muscle development in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179918. [PMID: 28662198 PMCID: PMC5491062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of ectothermic embryos is strongly affected by incubation temperature, and thermal imprinting of body growth and muscle phenotype has been reported in various teleost fishes. The complex epigenetic regulation of muscle development in vertebrates involves DNA methylation of the myogenin promoter. Body growth is a heritable and highly variable trait among fish populations that allows for local adaptations, but also for selective breeding. Here we studied the epigenetic effects of embryonic temperature and genetic background on body growth, muscle cellularity and myogenin expression in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Eggs from salmon families with either high or low estimated breeding values for body growth, referred to as Fast and Slow genotypes, were incubated at 8°C or 4°C until the embryonic 'eyed-stage' followed by rearing at the production temperature of 8°C. Rearing temperature strongly affected the growth rates, and the 8°C fish were about twice as heavy as the 4°C fish in the order Fast8>Slow8>Fast4>Slow4 prior to seawater transfer. Fast8 was the largest fish also at harvest despite strong growth compensation in the low temperature groups. Larval myogenin expression was approximately 4-6 fold higher in the Fast8 group than in the other groups and was associated with relative low DNA methylation levels, but was positively correlated with the expression levels of the DNA methyltransferase genes dnmt1, dnmt3a and dnmt3b. Juvenile Fast8 fish displayed thicker white muscle fibres than Fast4 fish, while Slow 8 and Slow 4 showed no difference in muscle cellularity. The impact of genetic background on the thermal imprinting of body growth and muscle development in Atlantic salmon suggests that epigenetic variation might play a significant role in the local adaptation to fluctuating temperatures over short evolutionary time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Øivind Andersen
- Nofima AS, Ås, Norway
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- * E-mail:
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44
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Acharya S, Stark TD, Oh ST, Jeon S, Pak SC, Kim M, Hur J, Matsutomo T, Hofmann T, Hill RA, Balemba OB. (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-Manniflavanone Protects Proliferating Skeletal Muscle Cells against Oxidative Stress and Stimulates Myotube Formation. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:3636-3646. [PMID: 28430433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidative properties of (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-manniflavanone (MF) using in vitro assays and examined its effects on myogenesis and lactate-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 cells. MF was purified from Garcinia buchananii stem bark. H2O2 and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays demonstrated that MF is a powerful antioxidant. This finding was supported by diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical scavenging activity of MF. MF was less cytotoxic to C2C12 cells compared to ascorbic acid and myricetin. Moreover, MF accelerated myotube formation in the differentiated C2C12 cells by up-regulating myogenic proteins such as MyoG and myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, MF rescued late differentiation of myoblast suppressed by lactate treatment and up-regulated the expression levels of Nrf2 in lactate-induced oxidative stress, indicating that MF stimulates antioxidative activity inside C2C12 cells. Collectively, MF is a potent antioxidant with a higher safety profile than ascorbic acid and myricetin. It reduces oxidative stress-induced delaying of skeletal muscle differentiation by scavenging reactive oxygen species and regulating myogenic proteins factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Acharya
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
| | - Timo D Stark
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Seung Tack Oh
- Research Institute, Dongkwang Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. , Toegye-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04535, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sok Cheon Pak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, New South Wales 2795, Australia
| | - Mina Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute , Sungnamsi 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Hur
- Korea Food Research Institute , Sungnamsi 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Toshiaki Matsutomo
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Rodney A Hill
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, New South Wales 2795, Australia
| | - Onesmo B Balemba
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
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45
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Gryder BE, Yohe ME, Chou HC, Zhang X, Marques J, Wachtel M, Schaefer B, Sen N, Song Y, Gualtieri A, Pomella S, Rota R, Cleveland A, Wen X, Sindiri S, Wei JS, Barr FG, Das S, Andresson T, Guha R, Lal-Nag M, Ferrer M, Shern JF, Zhao K, Thomas CJ, Khan J. PAX3-FOXO1 Establishes Myogenic Super Enhancers and Confers BET Bromodomain Vulnerability. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:884-899. [PMID: 28446439 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a life-threatening myogenic cancer of children and adolescent young adults, driven primarily by the chimeric transcription factor PAX3-FOXO1. The mechanisms by which PAX3-FOXO1 dysregulates chromatin are unknown. We find PAX3-FOXO1 reprograms the cis-regulatory landscape by inducing de novo super enhancers. PAX3-FOXO1 uses super enhancers to set up autoregulatory loops in collaboration with the master transcription factors MYOG, MYOD, and MYCN. This myogenic super enhancer circuitry is consistent across cell lines and primary tumors. Cells harboring the fusion gene are selectively sensitive to small-molecule inhibition of protein targets induced by, or bound to, PAX3-FOXO1-occupied super enhancers. Furthermore, PAX3-FOXO1 recruits and requires the BET bromodomain protein BRD4 to function at super enhancers, resulting in a complete dependence on BRD4 and a significant susceptibility to BRD inhibition. These results yield insights into the epigenetic functions of PAX3-FOXO1 and reveal a specific vulnerability that can be exploited for precision therapy.Significance: PAX3-FOXO1 drives pediatric fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma, and its chromatin-level functions are critical to understanding its oncogenic activity. We find that PAX3-FOXO1 establishes a myoblastic super enhancer landscape and creates a profound subtype-unique dependence on BET bromodomains, the inhibition of which ablates PAX3-FOXO1 function, providing a mechanistic rationale for exploring BET inhibitors for patients bearing PAX-fusion rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer Discov; 7(8); 884-99. ©2017 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 783.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Young Song
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alberto Gualtieri
- Department of Oncohematology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Oncohematology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Xinyu Wen
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Jun S Wei
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Sudipto Das
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Advanced Technologies Center, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Advanced Technologies Center, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Rajarshi Guha
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Madhu Lal-Nag
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jack F Shern
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Keji Zhao
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Oster M, Trakooljul N, Reyer H, Zeyner A, Muráni E, Ponsuksili S, Wimmers K. Sex-Specific Muscular Maturation Responses Following Prenatal Exposure to Methylation-Related Micronutrients in Pigs. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010074. [PMID: 28106759 PMCID: PMC5295118 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of micronutrients involved in DNA methylation, particularly during pregnancy, is recommended because of its impacts on human health, but further evidence is needed regarding the effects of over-supplementation and differences between sexes. Here, a porcine model was used to assess effects of maternal supplementation with one-carbon-cycle compounds during prenatal and postnatal stages on offspring muscle development. Sows received either a standard diet (CON) or a standard diet supplemented with folate, B6, B12, methionine, choline, and zinc (MET) throughout gestation. Myogenesis-, growth-, and nutrient utilization-related transcript expression was assessed using quantitative PCR. Organismal phenotype and gene expression effects differed significantly between males and females. Male MET-offspring showed increased fetal weight during late pregnancy but decreased live weight postnatally, with compensatory transcriptional responses comprising myogenic key drivers (Pax7, MyoD1, myogenin). In contrast, female weights were unaffected by diet, and mRNA abundances corresponded to a phenotype of cellular reorganization via FABP3, FABP4, SPP1 and Insulin-like Growth Factor-signaling. These findings in an animal model suggest that supplementation during pregnancy with methylation-related micronutrients can promote sex-specific myogenic maturation processes related to organismal growth and muscle metabolism. The usage of maternal dietary supplements should be more carefully considered regarding its ability to promote fetal and postnatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oster
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Henry Reyer
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Annette Zeyner
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Animal Nutrition, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 11, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Eduard Muráni
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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47
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Deng Z, Guo Y, Zhao X, Li L, Dong R, Guo B, Ma PX. Stretchable degradable and electroactive shape memory copolymers with tunable recovery temperature enhance myogenic differentiation. Acta Biomater 2016; 46:234-244. [PMID: 27640917 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of flexible degradable electroactive shape memory polymers (ESMPs) with tunable switching temperature (around body temperature) for tissue engineering is still a challenge. Here we designed and synthesized a series of shape memory copolymers with electroactivity, super stretchability and tunable recovery temperature based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with different molecular weight and conductive amino capped aniline trimer, and demonstrated their potential to enhance myogenic differentiation from C2C12 myoblast cells. We characterized the copolymers by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shape memory test, tensile test and in vitro enzymatic degradation study. The electroactive biodegradable shape memory copolymers showed great elasticity, tunable recovery temperature around 37°C, and good shape memory properties. Furthermore, proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts were investigated on electroactive copolymers films, and they greatly enhanced the proliferation, myotube formation and related myogenic differentiation genes expression of C2C12 myoblasts compared to the pure PCL with molecular weight of 80,000. Our study suggests that these electroactive, highly stretchable, biodegradable shape memory polymers with tunable recovery temperature near the body temperature have great potential in skeletal muscle tissue engineering application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Conducting polymers can regulate cell behavior such cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation with or without electrical stimulation. Therefore, they have great potential for electrical signal sensitive tissue regeneration. Although conducting biomaterials with degradability have been developed, highly stretchable and electroactive degradable copolymers for soft tissue engineering have been rarely reported. On the other hand, shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been widely used in biomedical fields. However, SMPs based on polyesters usually are biologically inert. This work reported the design of super stretchable electroactive degradable SMPs based on polycaprolactone and aniline trimer with tunable recovery temperature around body temperature. These flexible electroactive SMPs facilitated the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells compared with polycaprolactone, indicating that they are excellent scaffolding biomaterials in tissue engineering to repair skeletal muscle and possibly other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexing Deng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Longchao Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ruonan Dong
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Peter X Ma
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Hansen NS, Hjort L, Broholm C, Gillberg L, Schrölkamp M, Schultz HS, Mortensen B, Jørgensen SW, Friedrichsen M, Wojtaszewski JFP, Pedersen BK, Vaag A. Metabolic and Transcriptional Changes in Cultured Muscle Stem Cells from Low Birth Weight Subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:2254-64. [PMID: 27003303 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-4214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE Developmental programming of human muscle stem cells could in part explain why individuals born with low birth weight (LBW) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) later in life. We hypothesized that immature muscle stem cell functions including abnormal differentiation potential and metabolic function could link LBW with the risk of developing T2D. Design/Settings/Participants: We recruited 23 young men with LBW and 16 age-matched control subjects with normal birth weight. Biopsies were obtained from vastus lateralis, and muscle stem cells were isolated and cultured into fully differentiated myotubes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We studied glucose uptake, glucose transporters, insulin signaling, key transcriptional markers of myotube maturity, selected site-specific DNA methylation, and mitochondrial gene expression. RESULTS We found reduced glucose uptake as well as decreased levels of glucose transporter-1 and -4 mRNA and of the Akt substrate of 160-kDa mRNA and protein in myotubes from LBW individuals compared with normal birth weight individuals. The myogenic differentiation markers, myogenin and myosin heavy chain 1 and 2, were decreased during late differentiation in LBW myotubes. Additionally, mRNA levels of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α and cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A were reduced in LBW myotubes. Decreased gene expression was not explained by changes in DNA methylation levels. CONCLUSION We demonstrate transcriptional and metabolic alterations in cultured primary satellite cells isolated from LBW individuals after several cell divisions, pointing toward a retained intrinsic defect conserved in these myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninna S Hansen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Hjort
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christa Broholm
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linn Gillberg
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maren Schrölkamp
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heidi S Schultz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brynjulf Mortensen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sine W Jørgensen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Friedrichsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Vaag
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (N.S.H., L.H., C.B., L.G., M.S., S.W.J., A.V.), Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (N.S.H., L.H., A.V.) University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy (L.H.), 5000 Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center A/S (B.M., S.W.J.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark; The August Center (M.F., J.F.P.W.), Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Diabetes Research (B.M.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Novo Nordisk A/S (H.S.S.), 2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Faralli H, Wang C, Nakka K, Benyoucef A, Sebastian S, Zhuang L, Chu A, Palii CG, Liu C, Camellato B, Brand M, Ge K, Dilworth FJ. UTX demethylase activity is required for satellite cell-mediated muscle regeneration. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1555-65. [PMID: 26999603 DOI: 10.1172/jci83239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The X chromosome-encoded histone demethylase UTX (also known as KDM6A) mediates removal of repressive trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) to establish transcriptionally permissive chromatin. Loss of UTX in female mice is embryonic lethal. Unexpectedly, male UTX-null mice escape embryonic lethality due to expression of UTY, a paralog that lacks H3K27 demethylase activity, suggesting an enzyme-independent role for UTX in development and thereby challenging the need for active H3K27 demethylation in vivo. However, the requirement for active H3K27 demethylation in stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration remains untested. Here, we employed an inducible mouse KO that specifically ablates Utx in satellite cells (SCs) and demonstrated that active H3K27 demethylation is necessary for muscle regeneration. Loss of UTX in SCs blocked myofiber regeneration in both male and female mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that UTX mediates muscle regeneration through its H3K27 demethylase activity, as loss of demethylase activity either by chemical inhibition or knock-in of demethylase-dead UTX resulted in defective muscle repair. Mechanistically, dissection of the muscle regenerative process revealed that the demethylase activity of UTX is required for expression of the transcription factor myogenin, which in turn drives differentiation of muscle progenitors. Thus, we have identified a critical role for the enzymatic activity of UTX in activating muscle-specific gene expression during myofiber regeneration and have revealed a physiological role for active H3K27 demethylation in vivo.
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Hu B, Simon-Keller K, Küffer S, Ströbel P, Braun T, Marx A, Porubsky S. Myf5 and Myogenin in the development of thymic myoid cells - Implications for a murine in vivo model of myasthenia gravis. Exp Neurol 2015; 277:76-85. [PMID: 26708556 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is caused by autoantibodies against the neuromuscular junction of striated muscle. Most MG patients have autoreactive T- and B-cells directed to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). To achieve immunologic tolerance, developing thymocytes are normally eliminated after recognition of self-antigen-derived peptides. Presentation of muscle-specific antigens is likely achieved through two pathways: on medullary thymic epithelial cells and on medullary dendritic cells cross-presenting peptides derived from a unique population of thymic myoid cells (TMC). Decades ago, it has been hypothesized that TMC play a key role in the induction of immunological tolerance towards skeletal muscle antigens. However, an experimental model to address this postulate has not been available. To generate such a model, we tested the hypothesis that the development of TMC depends on myogenic regulatory factors. To this end, we utilized Myf5-deficient mice, which lack the first wave of muscle cells but form normal skeletal muscles later during development, and Myogenin-deficient mice, which fail to form differentiated myofibers. We demonstrate for the first time that Myf5- and Myogenin-deficient mice showed a partial or complete, respectively, loss of TMC in an otherwise regularly structured thymus. To overcome early postnatal lethality of muscle-deficient, Myogenin-knockout mice we transplanted Myogenin-deficient fetal thymuses into Foxn1(nu/nu) mice that lack their own thymus anlage. We found that the transplants are functional but lack TMC. In combination with established immunization strategies (utilizing AChR or Titin), this model should enable us in the future testing the hypothesis that TMC play an indispensable role in the development of central tolerance towards striated muscle antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katja Simon-Keller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Küffer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Porubsky
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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