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Liu Z, Huo X, Zhao S, Yang J, Shi W, Jing L, Li W, Li Y, Ma L, Gao Y, Diao A. Low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 4 (LDLRAD4) promotes tumorigenesis of hepatic cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:189-198. [PMID: 28888937 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
LDLRAD4 was previously identified and shown to be connected with psychiatric disorders. The structure of LDLRAD4 protein is similar to that of TMEPAI protein, which is overexpressed in many tumors. However, it is still unknown whether LDLRAD4 is involved in tumorigenesis. In this study, the potential role of LDLRAD4 in tumorigenesis was investigated. LDLRAD4 is elevated in hepatic cancer cells and tumor tissues, and expression of LDLRAD4 promotes hepatic cancer cell HepG2 and SMMC-7721 proliferation and migration. LDLRAD4 interacts Nedd4 to promote cell proliferation and migration and negatively regulates the TGF-β signaling. Furthermore, immunofluorescence microscopy analysis indicates that LDLRAD4 is localized to the lysosome and association with Nedd4 is necessary for its intracellular transport to the lysosome. In addition, depletion of LDLRAD4 in HepG2 liver cancer cells inhibited tumorigenesis in nude mice. These results reveal an oncogenic role of LDLRAD4 in tumorigenesis through its association with Nedd4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xin Huo
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenxia Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Lei Jing
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Long Ma
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yingtang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300170, China.
| | - Aipo Diao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Trimpert C, Wesche D, de Groot T, Pimentel Rodriguez MM, Wong V, van den Berg DTM, Cheval L, Ariza CA, Doucet A, Stagljar I, Deen PMT. NDFIP allows NEDD4/NEDD4L-induced AQP2 ubiquitination and degradation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183774. [PMID: 28931009 PMCID: PMC5606929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of our water homeostasis is fine-tuned by dynamic translocation of Aquaporin-2 (AQP2)-bearing vesicles to and from the plasma membrane of renal principal cells. Whereas binding of vasopressin to its type-2 receptor initiates a cAMP-protein kinase A cascade and AQP2 translocation to the apical membrane, this is counteracted by protein kinase C-activating hormones, resulting in ubiquitination-dependent internalization of AQP2. The proteins targeting AQP2 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation are unknown. In collecting duct mpkCCD cells, siRNA knockdown of NEDD4 and NEDD4L E3 ligases yielded increased AQP2 abundance, but they did not bind AQP2. Membrane Yeast Two-Hybrid assays using full-length AQP2 as bait, identified NEDD4 family interacting protein 2 (NDFIP2) to bind AQP2. NDFIP2 and its homologue NDFIP1 have PY motifs by which they bind NEDD4 family members and bring them close to target proteins. In HEK293 cells, NDFIP1 and NDFIP2 bound AQP2 and were essential for NEDD4/NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of AQP2, an effect not observed with PY-lacking NDFIP1/2 proteins. In mpkCCD cells, downregulation of NDFIP1, NEDD4 and NEDD4L, but not NDFIP2, increased AQP2 abundance. In mouse kidney, Ndfip1 and Ndfip2 mRNA distribution was similar and high in proximal tubules and collecting ducts, which was also found for NDFIP1 proteins. Our results reveal that NEDD4/NEDD4L mediate ubiquitination and degradation of AQP2, but that NDFIP proteins are needed to connect NEDD4/NEDD4L to AQP2. As NDFIP1/2 bind many NEDD4 family E3 ligases, which are implicated in several cellular processes, NDFIP1/2 may be the missing link for AQP2 ubiquitination and degradation from different subcellular locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Trimpert
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Wesche
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theun de Groot
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martha M. Pimentel Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Wong
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lydie Cheval
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Carolina A. Ariza
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain Doucet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Igor Stagljar
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter M. T. Deen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Jones ES, Spence JD, Mcintyre AD, Nondi J, Gogo K, Akintunde A, Hackam DG, Rayner BL. High Frequency of Variants of Candidate Genes in Black Africans with Low Renin-Resistant Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:478-483. [PMID: 28052878 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Black subjects tend to retain salt and water, be more sensitive to aldosterone, and have suppression of plasma renin activity. Variants of the renal sodium channel (ENaC, SCNN1B) account for approximately 6% of resistant hypertension (RHT) in Blacks; other candidate genes may be important. METHODS Six candidate genes associated with low renin-resistant hypertension were sequenced in Black Africans from clinics in Kenya and South Africa. CYP11B2 was sequenced if the aldosterone level was high (primary aldosteronism phenotype); SCNN1B, NEDD4L, GRK4, UMOD, and NPPA genes were sequenced if the aldosterone level was low (Liddle phenotype). RESULTS There were 14 nonsynonymous variants (NSVs) of CYP11B2: 3 previously described and associated with alterations in aldosterone synthase production (R87G, V386A, and G435S). Out of 14, 9 variants were found in all 9 patients sequenced. There were 4 NSV of GRK4 (R65L, A116T, A142V, V486A): at least one was found in all 9 patients; 3 were previously described and associated with hypertension. There were 3 NSV of SCNN1B (R206Q, G442V, and R563Q); 2 previously described and 1 associated with hypertension. NPPA was found to have 1 NSV (V32M), not previously described and NEDD4L did not have any variants. UMOD had 3 NSV: D25G, L180V, and T585I. CONCLUSIONS A phenotypic approach to investigating the genetic architecture of RHT uncovered a surprisingly high yield of variants in candidate genes. These preliminary findings suggest that this novel approach may assist in understanding the genetic architecture of RHT in Blacks and explain their two fold risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika S Jones
- Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J D Spence
- Stroke Prevention & Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Adam D Mcintyre
- Regional Genomics Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | | | - Adeseye Akintunde
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Daniel G Hackam
- Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Brian L Rayner
- Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Liang J, Sagum CA, Bedford MT, Sidhu SS, Sudol M, Han Z, Harty RN. Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Protein BAG3 Negatively Regulates Ebola and Marburg VP40-Mediated Egress. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006132. [PMID: 28076420 PMCID: PMC5226679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses are members of the Filoviridae family which cause outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever. The filovirus VP40 matrix protein is essential for virus assembly and budding, and its PPxY L-domain motif interacts with WW-domains of specific host proteins, such as Nedd4 and ITCH, to facilitate the late stage of virus-cell separation. To identify additional WW-domain-bearing host proteins that interact with VP40, we used an EBOV PPxY-containing peptide to screen an array of 115 mammalian WW-domain-bearing proteins. Using this unbiased approach, we identified BCL2 Associated Athanogene 3 (BAG3), a member of the BAG family of molecular chaperone proteins, as a specific VP40 PPxY interactor. Here, we demonstrate that the WW-domain of BAG3 interacts with the PPxY motif of both EBOV and MARV VP40 and, unexpectedly, inhibits budding of both eVP40 and mVP40 virus-like particles (VLPs), as well as infectious VSV-EBOV recombinants. BAG3 is a stress induced protein that regulates cellular protein homeostasis and cell survival through chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Interestingly, our results show that BAG3 alters the intracellular localization of VP40 by sequestering VP40 away from the plasma membrane. As BAG3 is the first WW-domain interactor identified that negatively regulates budding of VP40 VLPs and infectious virus, we propose that the chaperone-mediated autophagy function of BAG3 represents a specific host defense strategy to counteract the function of VP40 in promoting efficient egress and spread of virus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liang
- Department of Pathobiology, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cari A. Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics & Molecular Carcinogenesis, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Smithville, Smithville, TX, United States of America
| | - Mark T. Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics & Molecular Carcinogenesis, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Smithville, Smithville, TX, United States of America
| | - Sachdev S. Sidhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marius Sudol
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Mechanobiology Institute and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB, A*STAR), Republic of Singapore
| | - Ziying Han
- Department of Pathobiology, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Ronald N. Harty
- Department of Pathobiology, School Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang H, Xu D, Toh MF, Pao AC, You G. Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK2 regulates human organic anion transporters 4 via ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 102:120-129. [PMID: 26740304 PMCID: PMC5166719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human organic anion transporter 4 (hOAT4) belongs to a family of organic anion transporters that play critical roles in the body disposition of clinically important drugs, including anti-viral therapeutics, anti-cancer drugs, antibiotics, antihypertensives, and anti-inflammatories. hOAT4 is abundantly expressed in the kidney and placenta. In the current study, we examined the regulation of hOAT4 by serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 2 (sgk2) in the kidney COS-7 cells. We showed that sgk2 stimulated hOAT4 transport activity. Such stimulation mainly resulted from an increased cell surface expression of the transporter, kinetically revealed as an increased maximal transport velocity Vmax without significant change in substrate-binding affinity Km. We further showed that regulation of hOAT4 activity by sgk2 was mediated by ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2. Overexpression of Nedd4-2 enhanced hOAT4 ubiquitination, and inhibited hOAT4 transport activity, whereas overexpression of ubiquitin ligase-dead mutant Nedd4-2/C821A or siRNA knockdown of endogenous Nedd4-2 had opposite effects on hOAT4. Our co-immunoprecipitation experiment revealed that sgk2 weakened the association between hOAT4 and Nedd4-2. In conclusion, our study demonstrated for the first time that sgk2 stimulated hOAT4 transport activity by abrogating the inhibitory effect of Nedd4-2 on the transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Da Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - May Fern Toh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alan C Pao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Guofeng You
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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Zhang N, Chang Y, Rios A, An Z. HER3/ErbB3, an emerging cancer therapeutic target. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:39-48. [PMID: 26496898 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
HER3 is a member of the HER (EGFR/ErbB) receptor family consisting of four closely related type 1 transmembrane receptors (EGFR, HER2, HER3, and HER4). HER receptors are part of a complex signaling network intertwined with the Ras/Raf/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and PKC signaling pathways. Aberrant activation of the HER receptors and downstream signaling molecules tips the balance on cellular events, leading to various types of cancers. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small molecule inhibitors targeting EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase activities exhibit clinical benefits in the treatment of several types of cancers, but their clinical efficacy is limited by the occurrence of drug resistance. HER3 is the preferred dimerization partner of HER2 and it is well established that HER3 plays an important role in drug resistance to EGFR- and HER2-targeting therapies. Since HER3 has limited kinase activity, mAbs are being explored to target HER3 for cancer therapy. Currently, approximately a dozen of anti-HER3 mAbs are at different stages of clinical development. However, the lack of established biomarkers has made it more challenging to stratify cancer patients to whom HER3-targeting therapies can be more effective. In this review, we focus on the validation of HER3 as a cancer drug target, the recent development in biomarker discovery for anti-HER3 therapies, and the progress made in the clinical development of HER3-targeting mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Adan Rios
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
The major mission of the ovarian follicle is the timely production of the mature fertilizable oocyte, and this is achieved by gonadotropin-regulated, gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication between the oocyte and surrounding nurturing granulosa cells. We have demonstrated that FSH and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) stimulate Gja1 gene-encoded connexin43 (Cx43) gap junction formation/function in rat ovarian granulosa cells is important for their induction of steroidogenesis; additionally, cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)- and calcium-calcineurin-sensitive cAMP response element-binding (CREB) coactivator CRTC2 plays a crucial role during steroidogenesis. This study was to explore the potential molecular mechanism whereby FSH and TGFβ1 regulate Cx43 synthesis and degradation, particularly the involvement of CRTC2 and ubiquitin ligase Nedd4. Primary culture of granulosa cells from ovarian antral follicles of gonadotropin-primed immature rats was used. At 48 h post-treatment, FSH plus TGFβ1 increased Cx43 level and gap junction function in a PKA- and calcineurin-dependent manner, and TGFβ1 acting through its type I receptor modulated FSH action. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation analysis reveals FSH induced an early-phase (45 min) and FSH+TGFβ1 further elicited a late-phase (24 h) increase in CRTC2, CREB and CBP binding to the Gja1 promoter. Additionally, FSH+TGFβ1 increased the half-life of hyper-phosphorylated Cx43 (Cx43-P2). Also, the proteasome inhibitor MG132 prevented the brefeldin A (blocker of protein transport through Golgi)-reduced Cx43-P2 level and membrane Cx43 gap junction plaque. This is associated with FSH+TGFβ1-attenuated Cx43 interaction with Nedd4 and Cx43 ubiquitination. In all, this study uncovers that FSH and TGFβ1 upregulation of Cx43 gap junctions in ovarian granulosa cells critically involves enhancing CRTC2/CREB/CBP-mediated Cx43 expression and attenuating ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-mediated proteosomal degradation of Cx43 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Fang
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yi Lai
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Lai
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Lee
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fong Liao
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ferng-Chun Ke
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Jiuan Hwang
- School of MedicineInstitute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Section 2, Taipei 112, TaiwanDepartment of NursingHsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, TaiwanInstitute of Biological ChemistryInstitute of Cellular and Organismic BiologyAcademia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanCollege of Life ScienceInstitute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Gong W, Zhang X, Zhang W, Li J, Li Z. Structure of the HECT domain of human WWP2. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1251-7. [PMID: 26457515 PMCID: PMC4601588 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x1501554x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
WWP2 is a HECT-domain ubiquitin ligase of the Nedd4 family, which is involved in various important biological processes, such as protein degradation, membrane-protein sorting and transportation, the immune response, pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, tumourigenesis and metastasis. The HECT domain provides the intrinsic ubiquitin ligase activity of WWP2. Here, the expression, purification, crystallization and crystallographic analysis of the HECT domain of human WWP2 (HECT(WWP2)) are reported. HECT(WWP2) has been crystallized and the crystals diffracted to 2.50 Å resolution. They belonged to space group P41212 and the structure has been solved via molecular replacement. The overall structure of HECT(WWP2) has an inverted T-shape. This structure displays a high degree of conservation with previously published structures of Nedd4 subfamily members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Fudan University, People’s Republic of China
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Chesarino NM, McMichael TM, Yount JS. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4 Promotes Influenza Virus Infection by Decreasing Levels of the Antiviral Protein IFITM3. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005095. [PMID: 26263374 PMCID: PMC4532365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is a cell-intrinsic factor that limits influenza virus infections. We previously showed that IFITM3 degradation is increased by its ubiquitination, though the ubiquitin ligase responsible for this modification remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 ubiquitinates IFITM3 in cells and in vitro. This IFITM3 ubiquitination is dependent upon the presence of a PPxY motif within IFITM3 and the WW domain-containing region of NEDD4. In NEDD4 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we observed defective IFITM3 ubiquitination and accumulation of high levels of basal IFITM3 as compared to wild type cells. Heightened IFITM3 levels significantly protected NEDD4 knockout cells from infection by influenza A and B viruses. Similarly, knockdown of NEDD4 in human lung cells resulted in an increase in steady state IFITM3 and a decrease in influenza virus infection, demonstrating a conservation of this NEDD4-dependent IFITM3 regulatory mechanism in mouse and human cells. Consistent with the known association of NEDD4 with lysosomes, we demonstrate for the first time that steady state turnover of IFITM3 occurs through the lysosomal degradation pathway. Overall, this work identifies the enzyme NEDD4 as a new therapeutic target for the prevention of influenza virus infections, and introduces a new paradigm for up-regulating cellular levels of IFITM3 independently of IFN or infection. IFITM3 is critical for limiting the severity of influenza virus infections in humans and mice. Optimal antiviral activity of IFITM3 is achieved when it is present at high levels within cells. Our results indicate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 decreases baseline IFITM3 levels by ubiquitinating IFITM3 and promoting its turnover. Depleting NEDD4 from cells results in IFITM3 accumulation and greater resistance to infection by influenza viruses. Therefore, we have identified NEDD4 as a regulator of IFITM3 levels and as a novel drug target for preventing influenza virus and other IFITM3-sensitive virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Chesarino
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Temet M. McMichael
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacob S. Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Roy A, Al-Qusairi L, Donnelly BF, Ronzaud C, Marciszyn AL, Gong F, Chang YPC, Butterworth MB, Pastor-Soler NM, Hallows KR, Staub O, Subramanya AR. Alternatively spliced proline-rich cassettes link WNK1 to aldosterone action. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3433-48. [PMID: 26241057 DOI: 10.1172/jci75245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC) is important for renal salt handling and blood-pressure homeostasis. The canonical NCC-activating pathway consists of With-No-Lysine (WNK) kinases and their downstream effector kinases SPAK and OSR1, which phosphorylate NCC directly. The upstream mechanisms that connect physiological stimuli to this system remain obscure. Here, we have shown that aldosterone activates SPAK/OSR1 via WNK1. We identified 2 alternatively spliced exons embedded within a proline-rich region of WNK1 that contain PY motifs, which bind the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2. PY motif-containing WNK1 isoforms were expressed in human kidney, and these isoforms were efficiently degraded by the ubiquitin proteasome system, an effect reversed by the aldosterone-induced kinase SGK1. In gene-edited cells, WNK1 deficiency negated regulatory effects of NEDD4-2 and SGK1 on NCC, suggesting that WNK1 mediates aldosterone-dependent activity of the WNK/SPAK/OSR1 pathway. Aldosterone infusion increased proline-rich WNK1 isoform abundance in WT mice but did not alter WNK1 abundance in hypertensive Nedd4-2 KO mice, which exhibit high baseline WNK1 and SPAK/OSR1 activity toward NCC. Conversely, hypotensive Sgk1 KO mice exhibited low WNK1 expression and activity. Together, our findings indicate that the proline-rich exons are modular cassettes that convert WNK1 into a NEDD4-2 substrate, thereby linking aldosterone and other NEDD4-2-suppressing antinatriuretic hormones to NCC phosphorylation status.
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11
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Li JJ, Ferry RJ, Diao S, Xue B, Bahouth SW, Liao FF. Nedd4 haploinsufficient mice display moderate insulin resistance, enhanced lipolysis, and protection against high-fat diet-induced obesity. Endocrinology 2015; 156:1283-91. [PMID: 25607895 PMCID: PMC4399314 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4 (Nedd4) is the prototypical protein in the Nedd4 ubiquitin ligase (E3) family, which governs ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis and/or degradation of plasma membrane proteins. Loss of Nedd4 results in embryonic or neonatal lethality in mice and reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling in embryonic fibroblasts. To delineate the roles of Nedd4 in vivo, we examined the phenotypes of heterozygous knockout mice using a high-fat diet-induced obesity (HFDIO) model. We observed that Nedd4+/- mice are moderately insulin resistant but paradoxically protected against HFDIO. After high-fat diet feeding, Nedd4+/- mice showed less body weight gain, less fat mass, and smaller adipocytes vs the wild type. Despite ameliorated HFDIO, Nedd4+/- mice did not manifest improvement in glucose tolerance vs the wild type in both genders. Nedd4+/- male, but not female, mice displayed significantly lower fasting blood glucose levels and serum insulin levels. Under obesogenic conditions, Nedd4+/- mice displayed elevated stimulated lipolytic activity, primarily through a β2-adrenergic receptor. Combined, these data support novel complex roles for Nedd4 in metabolic regulation involving altered insulin and β-adrenergic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Li
- Departments of Pharmacology (J.J.L., S.D., S.W.B., F.-F.L.) and Pediatrics (R.J.F.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163; Department of Psychology (R.J.F), University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152; and Department of Biology (B.X.), Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302
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12
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Low LH, Chow YL, Li Y, Goh CP, Putz U, Silke J, Ouchi T, Howitt J, Tan SS. Nedd4 family interacting protein 1 (Ndfip1) is required for ubiquitination and nuclear trafficking of BRCA1-associated ATM activator 1 (BRAT1) during the DNA damage response. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:7141-50. [PMID: 25631046 PMCID: PMC4358134 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.613687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During injury, cells are vulnerable to apoptosis from a variety of stress conditions including DNA damage causing double-stranded breaks. Without repair, these breaks lead to aberrations in DNA replication and transcription, leading to apoptosis. A major response to DNA damage is provided by the protein kinase ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) that is capable of commanding a plethora of signaling networks for DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and even apoptosis. A key element in the DNA damage response is the mobilization of activating proteins into the cell nucleus to repair damaged DNA. BRAT1 is one of these proteins, and it functions as an activator of ATM by maintaining its phosphorylated status while also keeping other phosphatases at bay. However, it is unknown how BRAT1 is trafficked into the cell nucleus to maintain ATM phosphorylation. Here we demonstrate that Ndfip1-mediated ubiquitination of BRAT1 leads to BRAT1 trafficking into the cell nucleus. Without Ndfip1, BRAT1 failed to translocate to the nucleus. Under genotoxic stress, cells showed increased expression of both Ndfip1 and phosphorylated ATM. Following brain injury, neurons show increased expression of Ndfip1 and nuclear translocation of BRAT1. These results point to Ndfip1 as a sensor protein during cell injury and Ndfip1 up-regulation as a cue for BRAT1 ubiquitination by Nedd4 E3 ligases, followed by nuclear translocation of BRAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ley-Hian Low
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuh-Lit Chow
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Yijia Li
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Choo-Peng Goh
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ulrich Putz
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - John Silke
- the Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia, and
| | - Toru Ouchi
- the Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263
| | - Jason Howitt
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia,
| | - Seong-Seng Tan
- From the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia,
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13
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Abstract
Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in regulating proteins post-translationally. The focus of this review is on NEDD4, the founding member of the NEDD4 family of ubiquitin ligases that is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. Many potential substrates of NEDD4 have been identified and NEDD4 has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of a number of membrane receptors, endocytic machinery components and the tumour suppressor PTEN. In this review we will discuss the diverse pathways in which NEDD4 is involved, and the patho-physiological significance of this important ubiquitin ligase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Anne Boase
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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14
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Nourashrafeddin S, Aarabi M, Modarressi MH, Rahmati M, Nouri M. The Evaluation of WBP2NL-Related Genes Expression in Breast Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2014; 21:293-300. [PMID: 25417742 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of mortality in women all around the world; therefore, study on molecular aspects of breast cancer is necessary for finding new biomarkers. Recent studies have shown that WW Binding Protein 2 (WBP2) is an important protein for the oncogenic property of cancer. We have previously evaluated the WW Binding Protein 2 N-Terminal Like (WBP2NL) gene expression in cancerous cell line and breast tumor tissues, and reported changes in expression, which could increase tumorigenic cell growth. However, the molecular mechanisms of WBP2NL and its clinical relevance have not been investigated. In this study, the expression of WBP2NL-related genes in the invasive breast carcinoma and normal breast tissues was evaluated for the first time. Analysis of WBP2NL-related genes expression was performed with reverse transcription-PCR and real time-PCR detection method. The target genes studied were as follow: WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1(WWP1), membrane associated guanylatekinase containing WW and PDZ domain-1 (MAGI1), neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (NEDD4), formin binding protein-4 (FNBP4), BCL2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3), WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1), WW domain containing transcription regulator (WWTR1), member RAS oncogene family (RAB2A), and small G protein signaling modulator 3 (SGSM3). The expression of WWP1, BAG3, and WWTR1 was significantly increased in breast cancer. In contrast, the expression of WWOX, YAP1, RAB2A, and SGSM3 was significantly decreased. The MAGI1 and NEDD4 expression was increased, while the expression of FNBP4 was unchanged. These findings lead us to suggest that WBP2NL might play roles as an anti-apoptotic factor or co-activator to promote breast cancer cell survival and proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Guanylate Kinases
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
- Seminal Plasma Proteins/genetics
- Seminal Plasma Proteins/metabolism
- Trans-Activators
- Transcription Factors
- Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- Up-Regulation/physiology
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15
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Gleason CE, Frindt G, Cheng CJ, Ng M, Kidwai A, Rashmi P, Lang F, Baum M, Palmer LG, Pearce D. mTORC2 regulates renal tubule sodium uptake by promoting ENaC activity. J Clin Invest 2014; 125:117-28. [PMID: 25415435 DOI: 10.1172/jci73935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is essential for Na+ homeostasis, and dysregulation of this channel underlies many forms of hypertension. Recent studies suggest that mTOR regulates phosphorylation and activation of serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), which is known to inhibit ENaC internalization and degradation; however, it is not clear whether mTOR contributes to the regulation of renal tubule ion transport. Here, we evaluated the effect of selective mTOR inhibitors on kidney tubule Na+ and K+ transport in WT and Sgk1-/- mice, as well as in isolated collecting tubules. We found that 2 structurally distinct competitive inhibitors (PP242 and AZD8055), both of which prevent all mTOR-dependent phosphorylation, including that of SGK1, caused substantial natriuresis, but not kaliuresis, in WT mice, which indicates that mTOR preferentially influences ENaC function. PP242 also substantially inhibited Na+ currents in isolated perfused cortical collecting tubules. Accordingly, patch clamp studies on cortical tubule apical membranes revealed that mTOR inhibition markedly reduces ENaC activity, but does not alter activity of K+ inwardly rectifying channels (ROMK channels). Together, these results demonstrate that mTOR regulates kidney tubule ion handling and suggest that mTOR regulates Na+ homeostasis through SGK1-dependent modulation of ENaC activity.
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16
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Abstract
Using sensitive sequence profile searches and contextual information gleaned from domain architectures and predicted operons we identify a novel family of protein domains with predicted ribonuclease activity. These domains are found in the eukaryotic proteins typified by the Nedd4-binding protein 1 and the bacterial YacP-like proteins (Nedd4-BP1, YacP nucleases; NYN domains). We show that the NYN domain shares a common protein fold with two other previously characterized groups of nucleases, namely the PIN (PilT N-terminal) and FLAP/5' --> 3' exonuclease superfamilies. We also show that all these proteins share a common set of 4 acidic conserved residues that are predicted to constitute their active site. Based on the conservation of the acidic residues and structural elements we suggest that PIN and NYN domains are likely to bind only a single metal ion, unlike the FLAP/5' --> 3' exonuclease superfamily, which binds two metal ions. We also present evidence that the other conserved residues shared by all these three domains are likely to play critical roles in sensing the substrate and positioning the catalytic residues in the right conformation. Based on conserved gene neighborhoods we infer that the bacterial members are likely to be components of the processome/degradsome that process tRNAs or ribosomal RNAs. Eukaryotic versions appear to have undergone extensive functional diversification as suggested by the several distinctive multi-domain architectures showing fusions with various other RNA-binding domains like CCCH, PPR and KH domains. Interestingly, the eukaryotic NYN domains also show multiple fusions to the UBA domain, an ubiquitin-binding adaptor domain. This observation, together with the monoubiquitination of Nedd4-BP1 by the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 suggests that the NYN domain proteins of eukaryotes are regulated by monoubiquitination. Given the localization of Nedd4-BP1 to punctuate nuclear bodies, it is likely that they are parts of nuclear RNA-processing complexes that are dependent on monoubiquitination for their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Anantharaman
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA
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17
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Li Z, Li J, Bi P, Lu Y, Burcham G, Elzey BD, Ratliff T, Konieczny SF, Ahmad N, Kuang S, Liu X. Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN causes a tumor-promoting metabolic state. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3642-61. [PMID: 25047839 PMCID: PMC4187734 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00814-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One outcome of activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is increased aerobic glycolysis, but the upstream signaling events that regulate the PI3K pathway, and thus the Warburg effect, are elusive. Increasing evidence suggests that Plk1, a cell cycle regulator, is also involved in cellular events in addition to mitosis. To test whether Plk1 contributes to activation of the PI3K pathway, and thus aerobic glycolysis, we examined potential targets of Plk1 and identified PTEN as a Plk1 substrate. We hypothesize that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN leads to its inactivation, activation of the PI3K pathway, and the Warburg effect. Our data show that overexpression of Plk1 leads to activation of the PI3K pathway and enhanced aerobic glycolysis. In contrast, inhibition of Plk1 causes markedly reduced glucose metabolism in mice. Mechanistically, we show that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN and Nedd4-1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase of PTEN, results in PTEN inactivation. Finally, we show that Plk1 phosphorylation of PTEN promotes tumorigenesis in both its phosphatase-dependent and -independent pathways, revealing potentially new drug targets to arrest tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Pengpeng Bi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Grant Burcham
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Bennett D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Timothy Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Stephen F Konieczny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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18
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Campbell CD, Mohajeri K, Malig M, Hormozdiari F, Nelson B, Du G, Patterson KM, Eng C, Torgerson DG, Hu D, Herman C, Chong JX, Ko A, O'Roak BJ, Krumm N, Vives L, Lee C, Roth LA, Rodriguez-Cintron W, Rodriguez-Santana J, Brigino-Buenaventura E, Davis A, Meade K, LeNoir MA, Thyne S, Jackson DJ, Gern JE, Lemanske RF, Shendure J, Abney M, Burchard EG, Ober C, Eichler EE. Whole-genome sequencing of individuals from a founder population identifies candidate genes for asthma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104396. [PMID: 25116239 PMCID: PMC4130548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex genetic disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. We sought to test classes of genetic variants largely missed by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including copy number variants (CNVs) and low-frequency variants, by performing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 16 individuals from asthma-enriched and asthma-depleted families. The samples were obtained from an extended 13-generation Hutterite pedigree with reduced genetic heterogeneity due to a small founding gene pool and reduced environmental heterogeneity as a result of a communal lifestyle. We sequenced each individual to an average depth of 13-fold, generated a comprehensive catalog of genetic variants, and tested the most severe mutations for association with asthma. We identified and validated 1960 CNVs, 19 nonsense or splice-site single nucleotide variants (SNVs), and 18 insertions or deletions that were out of frame. As follow-up, we performed targeted sequencing of 16 genes in 837 cases and 540 controls of Puerto Rican ancestry and found that controls carry a significantly higher burden of mutations in IL27RA (2.0% of controls; 0.23% of cases; nominal p = 0.004; Bonferroni p = 0.21). We also genotyped 593 CNVs in 1199 Hutterite individuals. We identified a nominally significant association (p = 0.03; Odds ratio (OR) = 3.13) between a 6 kbp deletion in an intron of NEDD4L and increased risk of asthma. We genotyped this deletion in an additional 4787 non-Hutterite individuals (nominal p = 0.056; OR = 1.69). NEDD4L is expressed in bronchial epithelial cells, and conditional knockout of this gene in the lung in mice leads to severe inflammation and mucus accumulation. Our study represents one of the early instances of applying WGS to complex disease with a large environmental component and demonstrates how WGS can identify risk variants, including CNVs and low-frequency variants, largely untested in GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina D. Campbell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kiana Mohajeri
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Maika Malig
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Fereydoun Hormozdiari
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Nelson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Gaixin Du
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kristen M. Patterson
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Dara G. Torgerson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Catherine Herman
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jessica X. Chong
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Arthur Ko
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Brian J. O'Roak
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Niklas Krumm
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Laura Vives
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Choli Lee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lindsey A. Roth
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | | | - Emerita Brigino-Buenaventura
- Department of Allergy & Immunology, Kaiser Permanente-Vallejo Medical Center, Vallejo, California, United States of America
| | - Adam Davis
- Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Kelley Meade
- Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | | | - Shannon Thyne
- San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - James E. Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Robert F. Lemanske
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mark Abney
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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19
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Sun Y, Liu PY, Scarlett CJ, Malyukova A, Liu B, Marshall GM, MacKenzie KL, Biankin AV, Liu T. Histone deacetylase 5 blocks neuroblastoma cell differentiation by interacting with N-Myc. Oncogene 2014; 33:2987-94. [PMID: 23812427 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The N-Myc oncoprotein induces neuroblastoma, which arises from undifferentiated neuroblasts in the sympathetic nervous system, by modulating gene and protein expression and consequently causing cell differentiation block and cell proliferation. The class IIa histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) represses gene transcription, and blocks myoblast, osteoblast and leukemia cell differentiation. Here we showed that N-Myc upregulated HDAC5 expression in neuroblastoma cells. Conversely, HDAC5 repressed the ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 gene expression, increased Aurora A gene expression and consequently upregulated N-Myc protein expression. Genome-wide gene expression analysis and protein co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that HDAC5 and N-Myc repressed the expression of a common subset of genes by forming a protein complex, whereas HDAC5 and the class III HDAC SIRT2 independently repressed the expression of another common subset of genes without forming a protein complex. Moreover, HDAC5 blocked differentiation and induced proliferation in neuroblastoma cells. Taken together, our data identify HDAC5 as a novel co-factor in N-Myc oncogenesis, and provide the evidence for the potential application of HDAC5 inhibitors in the therapy of N-Myc-induced neuroblastoma and potentially other c-Myc-induced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Y Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C J Scarlett
- 1] School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia [2] Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Malyukova
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Liu
- 1] Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia [2] Kids Cancer Alliance, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G M Marshall
- 1] Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia [2] Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A V Biankin
- 1] Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia [2] Department of Surgery, Bankstown Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia [3] South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Liu
- 1] Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia [2] School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Davies SE, Hallett PJ, Moens T, Smith G, Mangano E, Kim HT, Goldberg AL, Liu JL, Isacson O, Tofaris GK. Enhanced ubiquitin-dependent degradation by Nedd4 protects against α-synuclein accumulation and toxicity in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 64:79-87. [PMID: 24388974 PMCID: PMC3988924 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by accumulation and misfolding of α-synuclein. Although the level of α-synuclein in neurons is fundamentally linked to the onset of neurodegeneration, multiple pathways have been implicated in its degradation, and it remains unclear which are the critical ubiquitination enzymes that protect against α-synuclein accumulation in vivo. The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 targets α-synuclein to the endosomal-lysosomal pathway in cultured cells. Here we asked whether Nedd4-mediated degradation protects against α-synuclein-induced toxicity in the Drosophila and rodent models of Parkinson's disease. We show that overexpression of Nedd4 can rescue the degenerative phenotype from ectopic expression of α-synuclein in the Drosophila eye. Overexpressed Nedd4 in the Drosophila brain prevented the α-synuclein-induced locomotor defect whereas reduction in endogenous Nedd4 by RNAi led to worsening motor function and increased loss of dopaminergic neurons. Accordingly, AAV-mediated expression of wild-type but not the catalytically inactive Nedd4 decreased the α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic cell loss in the rat substantia nigra and reduced α-synuclein accumulation. Collectively, our data in two evolutionarily distant model organisms strongly suggest that Nedd4 is a modifier of α-synuclein pathobiology and thus a potential target for neuroprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian E Davies
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, UK; MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Penelope J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Thomas Moens
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Gaynor Smith
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Emily Mangano
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | | | - Ji-Long Liu
- MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Research Institute, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - George K Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
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21
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Lewis B, Whitney S, Hudacik L, Galmin L, Huaman MC, Cristillo AD. Nedd4-mediated increase in HIV-1 Gag and Env proteins and immunity following DNA-vaccination of BALB/c mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91267. [PMID: 24614057 PMCID: PMC3948788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The late assembly domain of many viruses is critical for budding. Within these domains, encoded in viral structural proteins, are the conserved motifs PTAP, PPxY and YPxL. These sequences are the key determinants for association of viral proteins with intracellular molecules such as Tsg101, Nedd4 and AIP1/ALIX. While roles for Tsg101 and AIP1/ALIX in HIV-1 budding have been well established, less is known about the role of Nedd4. Recent studies, however, have identified a function for Nedd4-like protein in HIV-1 release. In this study, we investigated post-transcriptional changes of Nedd4 following SHIVSF162P3 infection of rhesus macaques, its role on HIV-1 p24 and gp120 levels in vitro and its potential as an immune modulator in HIV vaccination of BALB/c mice. Increased Nedd4 protein levels were noted in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells following SHIVSF162P3-infection of naïve macaques. Transient co-transfection studies in 293 cells with HXB2 and Nedd4 demonstrated a Nedd4-mediated increase in p24 and gp120 levels. This increase was found to be dependent on the Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated phospholipid binding C2 domain and not ubiquitin ligase activity or HIV LTR activity. Co-transfection of Nedd4 with plasmid DNA expressing Gag or Env was further shown to augment both intracellular and extracellular Gag or Env proteins. To assess the potential of Nedd4 as an immune modulator, BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with plasmid DNA encoding HIV gag, env and Nedd4. Nedd4 co-administration was found to increase serum anti-p24 but not anti-gp120 antibodies. Nedd4 co-injection was found to have no affect on Gag- or Env-specific IFNγ but had a trend of increased Gag-specific IL-6, IL-17A and TNFα that was not seen following Env stimulation. Based on our initial findings, Nedd4-mediated changes in HIV protein levels and its potential use in HIV-1 vaccine development warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Lewis
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen Whitney
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lauren Hudacik
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lindsey Galmin
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maria Cecilia Huaman
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anthony D. Cristillo
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomewide association studies (GWASs) on antidepressant efficacy have yielded modest results. A possible reason is that response is influenced by other factors, which possibly interact with genetic variation. We used a GWAS model to predict antidepressant response, by including predictors previously known to affect response, such as quality of life (QoL). We also evaluated the association between genes, previously implicated in gene-environment (G × E) interactions, and response using an enrichment analysis. METHOD We examined a sample of 1426 depressed patients from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial: 774 responders, 652 non-responders and 418,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed. First, in a GWAS model, we investigated whether genetic variations interact with patients' levels of QoL to predict response, after controlling for demographic characteristics, severity and population stratification. Second, we conducted an enrichment analysis exploring whether candidate genes that have emerged from prior G × E interaction studies on depression are associated with treatment response. RESULTS The GWAS model, with QoL as a moderator, yielded one SNP (rs520210) associated with response in the NEDD4L gene (p = 3.64 × 10⁻⁸). In the Caucasian sample only, we observed a drop in significance for this SNP. The enrichment analysis showed that SNPs within serotonergic genes contained more significant markers that predicted response, compared with a random set of genes in the genome. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to possible target genes, which are proposed for further independent replication. Our enrichment analysis provides further support, in a genomewide context, of the role of serotonergic genes in influencing antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Antypa
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Drago
- IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Chandrasekaran P, Moore V, Buckley M, Spurrier J, Kehrl JH, Venkatesan S. HIV-1 Nef down-modulates C-C and C-X-C chemokine receptors via ubiquitin and ubiquitin-independent mechanism. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86998. [PMID: 24489825 PMCID: PMC3906104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and Simian Immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV) encode an accessory protein, Nef, which is a pathogenesis and virulence factor. Nef is a multivalent adapter that dysregulates the trafficking of many immune cell receptors, including chemokine receptors (CKRs). Physiological endocytic itinerary of agonist occupied CXCR4 involves ubiquitinylation of the phosphorylated receptor at three critical lysine residues and dynamin-dependent trafficking through the ESCRT pathway into lysosomes for degradation. Likewise, Nef induced CXCR4 degradation was critically dependent on the three lysines in the C-terminal -SSLKILSKGK- motif. Nef directly recruits the HECT domain E3 ligases AIP4 or NEDD4 to CXCR4 in the resting state. This mechanism was confirmed by ternary interactions of Nef, CXCR4 and AIP4 or NEDD4; by reversal of Nef effect by expression of catalytically inactive AIP4-C830A mutant; and siRNA knockdown of AIP4, NEDD4 or some ESCRT-0 adapters. However, ubiquitinylation dependent lysosomal degradation was not the only mechanism by which Nef downregulated CKRs. Agonist and Nef mediated CXCR2 (and CXCR1) degradation was ubiquitinylation independent. Nef also profoundly downregulated the naturally truncated CXCR4 associated with WHIM syndrome and engineered variants of CXCR4 that resist CXCL12 induced internalization via an ubiquitinylation independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Chandrasekaran
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Victoria Moore
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Monica Buckley
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Spurrier
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John H. Kehrl
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Frampton AE, Castellano L, Colombo T, Giovannetti E, Krell J, Jacob J, Pellegrino L, Roca-Alonso L, Funel N, Gall TMH, De Giorgio A, Pinho FG, Fulci V, Britton DJ, Ahmad R, Habib NA, Coombes RC, Harding V, Knösel T, Stebbing J, Jiao LR. MicroRNAs cooperatively inhibit a network of tumor suppressor genes to promote pancreatic tumor growth and progression. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:268-77.e18. [PMID: 24120476 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There has not been a broad analysis of the combined effects of altered activities of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, and it is unclear how these might affect tumor progression or patient outcomes. METHODS We combined data from miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles and bioinformatic analyses to identify an miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in PDAC cell lines (PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2) and in PDAC samples from patients. We used this information to identify miRNAs that contribute most to tumorigenesis. RESULTS We identified 3 miRNAs (MIR21, MIR23A, and MIR27A) that acted as cooperative repressors of a network of tumor suppressor genes that included PDCD4, BTG2, and NEDD4L. Inhibition of MIR21, MIR23A, and MIR27A had synergistic effects in reducing proliferation of PDAC cells in culture and growth of xenograft tumors in mice. The level of inhibition was greater than that of inhibition of MIR21 alone. In 91 PDAC samples from patients, high levels of a combination of MIR21, MIR23A, and MIR27A were associated with shorter survival times after surgical resection. CONCLUSIONS In an integrated data analysis, we identified functional miRNA-mRNA interactions that contribute to growth of PDACs. These findings indicate that miRNAs act together to promote tumor progression; therapeutic strategies might require inhibition of several miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Frampton
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Teresa Colombo
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Haematology, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jimmy Jacob
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Loredana Pellegrino
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Laura Roca-Alonso
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Niccola Funel
- Experimental and Molecular Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tamara M H Gall
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Alexander De Giorgio
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Filipa G Pinho
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Valerio Fulci
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Haematology, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raida Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nagy A Habib
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - R Charles Coombes
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Victoria Harding
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Long R Jiao
- HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK.
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25
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Abstract
Ion channel proteins are regulated by different types of posttranslational modifications. The focus of this review is the regulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) upon their ubiquitylation. The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) was the first ion channel shown to be regulated upon ubiquitylation. This modification results from the binding of ubiquitin ligase from the Nedd4 family to a protein-protein interaction domain, known as the PY motif, in the ENaC subunits. Many of the Navs have similar PY motifs, which have been demonstrated to be targets of Nedd4-dependent ubiquitylation, tagging them for internalization from the cell surface. The role of Nedd4-dependent regulation of the Nav membrane density in physiology and disease remains poorly understood. Two recent studies have provided evidence that Nedd4-2 is downregulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in both rat and mouse models of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Using two different mouse models, one with a specific knockout of Nedd4-2 in sensory neurons and another where Nedd4-2 was overexpressed with the use of viral vectors, it was demonstrated that the neuropathy-linked neuronal hyperexcitability was the result of Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 overexpression due to Nedd4-2 downregulation. These studies provided the first in vivo evidence of the role of Nedd4-2-dependent regulation of Nav channels in a disease state. This ubiquitylation pathway may be involved in the development of symptoms and diseases linked to Nav-dependent hyperexcitability, such as pain, cardiac arrhythmias, epilepsy, migraine, and myotonias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric J Laedermann
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse, 35, 3010, Bern, Switzerland,
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26
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Zhang H, Nie W, Zhang X, Zhang G, Li Z, Wu H, Shi Q, Chen Y, Ding Z, Zhou X, Yu R. NEDD4-1 regulates migration and invasion of glioma cells through CNrasGEF ubiquitination in vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82789. [PMID: 24340059 PMCID: PMC3858320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-1 (NEDD4-1) plays a great role in tumor cell growth, but its function and mechanism in cell invasive behavior are totally unknown. Here we report that NEDD4-1 regulates migration and invasion of malignant glioma cells via triggering ubiquitination of cyclic nucleotide Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (CNrasGEF) using cultured glioma cells. NEDD4-1 overexpression promoted cell migration and invasion, while its downregulation specifically inhibited them. However, NEDD4-1 did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. NEDD4-1 physically interacted with CNrasGEF and promoted its poly-ubiquitination and degradation. Contrary to the effect of NEDD4-1, CNrasGEF downregulation promoted cell migration and invasion, while its overexpression inhibited them. Importantly, downregulation of CNrasGEF facilitated the effect of NEDD4-1-induced cell migration and invasion. Interestingly, aberrant up-regulated NEDD4-1 showed reverse correlation with CNrasGEF protein level but not with its mRNA level in glioma tissues. Combined with the in vitro results, the result of glioma tissues indicated post-translationally modification effect of NEDD4-1 on CNrasGEF. Our study suggests that NEDD4-1 regulates cell migration and invasion through ubiquitination of CNrasGEF in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenchen Nie
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gentang Zhang
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaibing Wu
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Chen
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Ding
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (RY); (XZ)
| | - Rutong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (RY); (XZ)
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27
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Abstract
The NEDD4 family of E3 ubiquitin ligases includes nine members. Each is a modular protein, containing an N-terminal C2 domain for cell localization, two-to-four central WW domains for substrate recognition, and a C-terminal, catalytic HECT domain, which is responsible for catalyzing the ubiquitylation reaction. Members of this family are known to affect pathways central to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, including the WNT, TGFβ, EGFR, and p53 pathways. Recently, NEDD4 mRNA was reported to be overexpressed in colorectal cancer, but tumor stage was not considered in the analysis. Expression of the other family members has not been studied in colorectal cancer. Herein, we determined the expression patterns of all nine NEDD4 family members in 256 patients who presented with disease ranging from premalignant adenoma to stage IV colorectal cancer. NEDD4 mRNA was significantly increased in all stages of colorectal cancer. In contrast, NEDD4L mRNA, the closest homolog to NEDD4, was the most highly downregulated family member, and was significantly downregulated in all tumor stages. We also found NEDD4L protein was significantly decreased by western blotting in colorectal cancer samples compared to adjacent normal mucosa. In addition, NEDD4L, but not catalytically inactive NEDD4L, inhibited canonical WNT signaling at or below the level of β-catenin in vitro. These findings suggest that NEDD4L may play a tumor suppressive role in colorectal cancer, possibly through inhibition of canonical WNT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarred P. Tanksley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Coffey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Abstract
During cycles of fasting and feeding, liver function is regulated by both transcriptional and post-translational events. Regulated protein degradation has recently emerged as a key mechanism to control abundance of specific hepatic proteins under different nutritional conditions. As glucagon signaling through cAMP and PKA is central to glucose output during fasting, we hypothesized that this signaling pathway may also regulate ubiquitin ligases in the fasted state. Here we show that fasting stimuli promote expression of the short isoform of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4l in primary mouse hepatocytes. Nedd4l-short mRNA and NEDD4L (short isoform) protein accumulate in glucagon-treated primary mouse hepatocytes and in liver tissues during fasting. We identified a functional cAMP response element in the alternate Nedd4l-short promoter; mutation of this element blunts cAMP-induced expression of a Nedd4l reporter construct. CREB occupies the endogenous Nedd4l locus near this element. CREB and its co-activator CRTC2, both activated by fasting stimuli, contribute to glucagon-stimulated Nedd4l-short expression in primary hepatocytes. siRNA-mediated Nedd4l depletion in primary hepatocytes did not affect gluconeogenic gene expression, glucose output or glycogen synthesis. Our findings reveal a new mechanism of Nedd4l transcriptional regulation in liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Fu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dmitry Akhmedov
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Berdeaux
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Goh CP, Low LH, Putz U, Gunnersen J, Hammond V, Howitt J, Tan SS. Ndfip1 expression in developing neurons indicates a role for protein ubiquitination by Nedd4 E3 ligases during cortical development. Neurosci Lett 2013; 555:225-30. [PMID: 24036464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
During development, protein substrates need to be removed and degraded when they are no longer required. The E3 ubiquitin ligases, including Nedd4 family proteins, are a major group of enzymes responsible for adding ubiquitin chains to protein substrates prior to their degradation. Ndfip1 (Nedd4 family-interacting protein 1) is an adaptor and activator for Nedd4-family ubiquitin ligases for increasing substrate specificity. To study Nedd4-mediated ubiquitination during cortical development, we have mapped the spatio-temporal dynamics of Ndfip1 protein expression by immunocytochemistry. Ndfip1 expression was observed from embryonic day 11 (E11.5) until adult stages. Its presence increased during the postnatal stages and peaked at postnatal day 7 (P7). Spatially, Ndfip1 was found in the ventricular and marginal zones during corticogenesis but also in the cortical plate and subplate during midstage cortical development (E15.5). Postnatally, Ndfip1 was expressed in all cortical neurons (but not in glial cells) and this expression was both ubiquitous and uniform across cortical layers involving both pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons. This consistent but dynamic pattern of Ndfip1 expression in temporal and spatial domains of the cortical landscape is indicative of complex programs of protein ubiquitination during corticogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choo-Peng Goh
- Brain Development and Regeneration Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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30
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Garcia ML, Reynolds TD, Mothes W, Robek MD. Functional characterization of the putative hepatitis B virus core protein late domain using retrovirus chimeras. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72845. [PMID: 24009707 PMCID: PMC3756966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) Core protein encodes a late (L)-domain like motif (129PPAYRPPNAP138) that has been purported to serve as a docking site for recruitment of host factors such as Nedd4 that can mediate viral particle release from infected cells. However, mutation of this region of Core typically disrupts nucleocapsid formation in the cytoplasm, making it difficult to ascertain if the Core PPAY motif constitutes a functional L-domain that mediates HBV release in the context of replicating virus. Since many viral L-domains are functionally interchangeable between different virus families, and such swapping experiments have been used as a tool to identify other viral sequences with L-domain activity, we generated chimeric constructs between murine leukemia virus (MLV) Gag and HBV Core to determine if the potential HBV L-domain motif is sufficient to stimulate virus release. We found that the HBV Core PPAY motif, but not the PNAP motif, demonstrates L-domain activity in the context of MLV replication to direct virus release and infectious virion production. Additionally, we found that overexpression of the cellular Nedd4 or WWP1 ubiquitin ligases stimulates release of a partially defective PPAY domain mutant, providing further evidence supporting a role for the Nedd4 ubiquitin ligase in promoting HBV release. These studies lend further insight into the mechanisms used by HBV to mediate its release from infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L. Garcia
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Tracy D. Reynolds
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Walther Mothes
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Robek
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Rapetti-Mauss R, O'Mahony F, Sepulveda FV, Urbach V, Harvey BJ. Oestrogen promotes KCNQ1 potassium channel endocytosis and postendocytic trafficking in colonic epithelium. J Physiol 2013; 591:2813-31. [PMID: 23529131 PMCID: PMC3690688 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.251678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cAMP-regulated potassium channel KCNQ1:KCNE3 plays an essential role in transepithelial Cl(-) secretion. Recycling of K(+) across the basolateral membrane provides the driving force necessary to maintain apical Cl(-) secretion. The steroid hormone oestrogen (17β-oestradiol; E2), produces a female-specific antisecretory response in rat distal colon through the inhibition of the KCNQ1:KCNE3 channel. It has previously been shown that rapid inhibition of the channel conductance results from E2-induced uncoupling of the KCNE3 regulatory subunit from the KCNQ1 channel pore complex. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism required for sustained inhibition of the channel function. We found that E2 plays a role in regulation of KCNQ1 cell membrane abundance by endocytosis. Ussing chamber experiments have shown that E2 inhibits both Cl(-) secretion and KCNQ1 current in a colonic cell line, HT29cl.19A, when cultured as a confluent epithelium. Following E2 treatment, KCNQ1 was retrieved from the plasma membrane by a clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which involved the association between KCNQ1 and the clathrin adaptor, AP-2. Following endocytosis, KCNQ1 was accumulated in early endosomes. Following E2-induced endocytosis, rather than being degraded, KCNQ1 was recycled by a biphasic mechanism involving Rab4 and Rab11. Protein kinase Cδ and AMP-dependent kinase were rapidly phosphorylated in response to E2 on their activating phosphorylation sites, Ser643 and Thr172, respectively (as previously shown). Both kinases are necessary for the E2-induced endocytosis, because E2 failed to induce KCNQ1 internalization following pretreatment with specific inhibitors of both protein kinase Cδ and AMP-dependent kinase. The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4.2 binds KCNQ1 in response to E2 to induce channel internalization. This study has provided the first demonstration of hormonal regulation of KCNQ1 trafficking. In conclusion, we propose that internalization of KCNQ1 is a key event in the sustained antisecretory response to oestrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Rapetti-Mauss
- Department of Molecular Medicine, RCSI-ERC, Beaumont Hospital, PO Box 9063, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Wang YL, Liang HY, Gao YH, Wu XJ, Chen X, Pan BY, Yang XX, Liu HZ. A functional variant of NEDD4L is associated with obesity and related phenotypes in a Han population of Southern China. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:7433-44. [PMID: 23549273 PMCID: PMC3645694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
NEDD4L is a candidate gene for hypertension, both functionally and genetically. Recently, studies showed evidence for the association of NEDD4L with obesity, a key intermediate phenotype in hypertension. To further investigate the relationship between NEDD4L and body mass-related phenotypes, we genotyped three common variants (rs2288774, rs3865418 and rs4149601) in a population-based study of 892 unrelated Han Cantonese using the Sequenom MALDI-TOF-MS platform. Allele frequencies and genotype distribution were calculated in lean controls and overweight/obese cases and analyzed for association by the Chi-squared test and Logistic regression. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of individual genotypes on quantitative traits. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the minor allele of rs4149601(A = 20.9%) was associated with a 2.60 kg, 2.78 cm and 0.97 kg/m2 decrease per allele copy in weight, waist and BMI, respectively. Carriers of this allele also had a significant lower risk of overweight/obesity (p < 0.0001, OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37–0.74) as compared to non-carriers. However, no significant association between genotypes at rs2288774 and rs3865418 and covariate-adjusted overweight/obesity or any related phenotypes was observed. These results suggested that the functional variant of NEDD4L, rs4149601, may be associated with obesity and related phenotypes, and further genetic and functional studies are required to understand its role in the manifestation of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Wang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
| | - Hui-Ying Liang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
| | - Yun-He Gao
- Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, China; E-Mail:
| | - Xue-Ji Wu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
| | - Xi Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
| | - Bing-Ying Pan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
| | - Xue-Xi Yang
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (H.-Z.L.); (X.-X.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-3605-2382 (H.-Z.L.); Fax: +86-20-3605-5896 (H.-Z.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-6164-8550 (X.-X.Y.)
| | - Hua-Zhang Liu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; E-Mails: (Y.-L.W.); (H.-Y.L.); (X.-J.W.); (X.C.); (B.-Y.P.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (H.-Z.L.); (X.-X.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-3605-2382 (H.-Z.L.); Fax: +86-20-3605-5896 (H.-Z.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-6164-8550 (X.-X.Y.)
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Song F, Fan C, Wang X, Goodrich DW. The Thoc1 encoded ribonucleoprotein is a substrate for the NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57995. [PMID: 23460917 PMCID: PMC3584038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes form around nascent RNA during transcription to facilitate proper transcriptional elongation, RNA processing, and nuclear export. RNPs are highly heterogeneous, and different types of RNPs tend to package functionally related transcripts. These observations have inspired the hypothesis that RNP mediated mechanisms help specify coordinated gene expression. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that mutations in RNP components can cause defects in specific developmental pathways. How RNP biogenesis itself is regulated, however, is not well understood. The evolutionarily conserved THO RNP complex functions early during transcription to package nascent transcripts and facilitate subsequent RNP biogenesis. THO deficiency compromises transcriptional elongation as well as RNP mediated events like 3′ end formation and nuclear export for some transcripts. Using molecularly manipulated cells and in vitro reconstituted biochemical reactions, we demonstrate that the essential THO protein component encoded by the Thoc1 gene is poly-ubiquitinated by the NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Poly-ubiquitinated pThoc1 is degraded by the proteasome. These results indicate THO activity is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and that this regulation is evolutionarily conserved between yeast and mammals. Manipulation of NEDD4-1 levels has modest effects on Thoc1 protein levels under steady state conditions, but destabilization of Thoc1 protein upon treatment with a transcriptional elongation inhibitor is dependent on NEDD4-1. This suggests NEDD4-1 functions in conjunction with other post-translational mechanisms to regulate Thoc1 protein and THO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Chuandong Fan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Xinjiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - David W. Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Donovan P, Poronnik P. Nedd4 and Nedd4-2: ubiquitin ligases at work in the neuron. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 45:706-10. [PMID: 23262292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination of proteins by the Nedd4 family of ubiquitin ligases is a significant mechanism in protein trafficking and degradation and provides for tight spatiotemporal regulation. Ubiquitination is gaining increasing recognition as a central mechanism underpinning the regulation of neuronal development and homeostasis in the brain. This review will focus on the Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 E3 ubiquitin ligases that are implicated in an increasing number of neuronal protein-protein interactions. Understanding of the contribution of Nedd4 and Nedd4-2 in regulating key functions in the brain is shedding new light on the ubiquitination signal not only in orchestrating degradation events but also in protein trafficking. Furthermore, the description of several novel Nedd4/4-2 targets in neurons is changing the way we conceptualize how neurons maintain normal function and how this is altered in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence Donovan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Shea FF, Rowell JL, Li Y, Chang TH, Alvarez CE. Mammalian α arrestins link activated seven transmembrane receptors to Nedd4 family e3 ubiquitin ligases and interact with β arrestins. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50557. [PMID: 23236378 PMCID: PMC3517545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement of fungal cell surface proteins is widely regulated by ubiquitination of membrane proteins, which results in their endocytosis and vacuolar degradation. For diverse fungal transporters, the specificity of ubiquitination is conferred by alpha arrestin adaptors, which recruit the Nedd4 family E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5. A recent study showed that one mammalian alpha arrestin also mediates ubiquitination and lysosomal trafficking of an activated plasma membrane receptor. Here we first screen all five widely-expressed human alpha arrestins for subcellular localization in ligand-stimulated and -unstimulated cells overexpressing the seven transmembrane receptor vasopressin 2. We then characterize the effects of alpha arrestins ARRDC3 and ARRDC4 upon activation of the seven transmembrane receptors vasopressin 2 and beta adrenergic 2. Using biochemical and imaging approaches, we show that ligand-activated receptors interact with alpha arrestins, and this results in recruitment of Nedd4 family E3 ubiquitin ligases and receptor ubiquitination - which are known to result in lysosomal trafficking. Our time course studies show these effects occur in the first 1-5 minutes after ligand activation, the same time that beta arrestins are known to have roles in receptor endocytic trafficking and kinase signaling. We tested the possibility that alpha and beta arrestins function coordinately and found co-immunoprecipitation and colocalization evidence to support this. Others recently reported that Arrdc3 knockout mice are lean and resistant to obesity. In the course of breeding our own Arrdc3-deficient mice, we observed two novel phenotypes in homozygotes: skin abnormalities, and embryonic lethality on normal chow diet, but not on high fat diet. Our findings suggest that alpha and beta arrestins function coordinately to maintain the optimal complement and function of cell surface proteins according to cellular physiological context and external signals. We discuss the implications of the alpha arrestin functions in fungi having evolved into coordinated alpha/beta arrestin functions in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortune F. Shea
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jennie L. Rowell
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yechaowei Li
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Carlos E. Alvarez
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Luo QF, Chen W, Zhang ST. Identification of Nedd4 as a novel regulator in Hedgehog signaling. Chin Med J (Engl) 2012; 125:3851-3855. [PMID: 23106887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an important role in both embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis. Aberrant Hh activation results in a large variety of cancers. This study was designed to discover novel modulators in Hh signaling pathway. METHODS We performed yeast-two-hybrid screening and immunoprecipitation to identify the interaction of Nedd4 and Smo. To verify whether Nedd4 is involved in the regulation of Hh signaling, we monitored the activation of Gli-luciferase reporter by overexpressing Nedd4 together with Gli-luciferase reporter. In order to examine the role of endogenous Nedd4 in regulating Hh signaling, we used a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference strategy to silence the Nedd4 expression, and then perform dual-luciferase reporter assay. Statistical comparisons were performed by Student's t tests. RESULTS We showed that Nedd4 binds to Smo in the transfected HEK293 cells. Overexpression of Nedd4 alone did not significantly activate the Gli reporter compared to pcDNA3 control (Nedd4 group: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), relative luciferase unit (RLU) 1.87 ± 0.41). However, Smo agonist (SAG)-stimulated activation of Gli-luciferase reporter was markedly potentiated in Nedd4 transfected cells (Nedd4 group: SAG, RLU 13.49 ± 1.04, P < 0.05), indicating that overexpression of Nedd4 increases Gli luciferase reporter activity and Nedd4-induced activation of Hh signaling is activity dependent. In Nedd4 knockdown NIH 3T3 cells, the luciferase reporter activity was measured basally and after SAG treatment. In scrambled cells, compared to DMSO, SAG could activate reporter activity by (4.16 ± 0.84)-fold. In Nedd4 knockdown cells, the luciferase reporter activation by SAG was significantly inhibited (SAG, RLU 1.72 ± 0.24, P < 0.05); knockdown of Nedd4 did not change the basal activity of luciferase activity (DMSO, RLU 0.86 ± 0.11), suggesting that the loss of Nedd4 expression diminishes Gli-dependent activity in the Hh pathway and the regulation of Nedd4 in the Hh signaling pathway is activity-dependent. CONCLUSION Nedd4 positively regulates the Hh pathway and provides a potential target for inhibiting Hh signaling in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Nagpal P, Plant PJ, Correa J, Bain A, Takeda M, Kawabe H, Rotin D, Bain JR, Batt JAE. The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1 participates in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46427. [PMID: 23110050 PMCID: PMC3482220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a consequence of muscle inactivity resulting from denervation, unloading and immobility. It accompanies many chronic disease states and also occurs as a pathophysiologic consequence of normal aging. In all these conditions, ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is a key regulator of the loss of muscle mass, and ubiquitin ligases confer specificity to this process by interacting with, and linking ubiquitin moieties to target substrates through protein∶protein interaction domains. Our previous work suggested that the ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4-1 is a potential mediator of skeletal muscle atrophy associated with inactivity (denervation, unloading and immobility). Here we generated a novel tool, the Nedd4-1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout mouse (myoCre;Nedd4-1flox/flox) and subjected it to a well validated model of denervation induced skeletal muscle atrophy. The absence of Nedd4-1 resulted in increased weights and cross-sectional area of type II fast twitch fibres of denervated gastrocnemius muscle compared with wild type littermates controls, at seven and fourteen days following tibial nerve transection. These effects are not mediated by the Nedd4-1 substrates MTMR4, FGFR1 and Notch-1. These results demonstrate that Nedd4-1 plays an important role in mediating denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- Female
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle Denervation
- Muscular Atrophy/genetics
- Muscular Atrophy/metabolism
- Myoblasts/cytology
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Preena Nagpal
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela J. Plant
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Correa
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Bain
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michiko Takeda
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kawabe
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Rotin
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James R. Bain
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane A. E. Batt
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Zhang YP, Deng FY, Yang TL, Zhang F, Chen XD, Shen H, Zhu XZ, Tian Q, Deng HW. Genome-wide association study identified CNP12587 region underlying height variation in Chinese females. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44292. [PMID: 22957059 PMCID: PMC3434125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human height is a highly heritable trait considered as an important factor for health. There has been limited success in identifying the genetic factors underlying height variation. We aim to identify sequence variants associated with adult height by a genome-wide association study of copy number variants (CNVs) in Chinese. Methods Genome-wide CNV association analyses were conducted in 1,625 unrelated Chinese adults and sex specific subgroup for height variation, respectively. Height was measured with a stadiometer. Affymetrix SNP6.0 genotyping platform was used to identify copy number polymorphisms (CNPs). We constructed a genomic map containing 1,009 CNPs in Chinese individuals and performed a genome-wide association study of CNPs with height. Results We detected 10 significant association signals for height (p<0.05) in the whole population, 9 and 11 association signals for Chinese female and male population, respectively. A copy number polymorphism (CNP12587, chr18:54081842-54086942, p = 2.41×10−4) was found to be significantly associated with height variation in Chinese females even after strict Bonferroni correction (p = 0.048). Confirmatory real time PCR experiments lent further support for CNV validation. Compared to female subjects with two copies of the CNP, carriers of three copies had an average of 8.1% decrease in height. An important candidate gene, ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like (NEDD4L), was detected at this region, which plays important roles in bone metabolism by binding to bone formation regulators. Conclusions Our findings suggest the important genetic variants underlying height variation in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (Y-PZ); (H-WD)
| | - Fei-Yan Deng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Tie-Lin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Xue-Zheng Zhu
- Center of Systematic Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Center of Systematic Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (Y-PZ); (H-WD)
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Li Y, Low HQ, Foo JN, Darabi H, Einarsdόttir K, Humphreys K, Spurdle A, Easton DF, Thompson DJ, Dunning AM, Pharoah PDP, Czene K, Chia KS, Hall P, Liu J. Genetic variants in ER cofactor genes and endometrial cancer risk. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42445. [PMID: 22876322 PMCID: PMC3411617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that the transcriptional regulatory activity of estrogen receptor (ER) is modulated by its biochemical cofactors, genetic variation within the ER cofactor genes may alter cellular response to estrogen exposure and consequently modify the risk for endometrial cancer. We genotyped 685 tagging SNPs within 60 ER cofactor genes in 564 endometrial cancer cases and 1,510 controls from Sweden, and tested their associations with the risk of endometrial cancer. We investigated the associations of individual SNPs by using a trend test as well as multiple SNPs within a gene or gene complex by using multi-variant association analysis. No significant association was observed for any individual SNPs or genes, but a marginal association of the cumulative genetic variation of the NCOA2 complex as a whole (NCOA2, CARM1, CREBBP, PRMT1 and EP300) with endometrial cancer risk was observed (Padjusted = 0.033). However, the association failed to be replicated in an independent European dataset of 1265 cases and 5190 controls (P = 0.71). The results indicate that common genetic variants within ER cofactor genes are unlikely to play a significant role in endometrial cancer risk in European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui-Qi Low
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristjana Einarsdόttir
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amanda Spurdle
- Division of Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - ANECS Group
- Division of Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study (ANECS) Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah J. Thompson
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. P. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kee Seng Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Terabayashi T, Sakaguchi M, Shinmyozu K, Ohshima T, Johjima A, Ogura T, Miki H, Nishinakamura R. Phosphorylation of Kif26b promotes its polyubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation during kidney development. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39714. [PMID: 22768111 PMCID: PMC3387196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kif26b, a member of the kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs), is essential for kidney development. Kif26b expression is restricted to the metanephric mesenchyme, and its transcription is regulated by a zinc finger transcriptional regulator Sall1. However, the mechanism(s) by which Kif26b protein is regulated remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate phosphorylation and subsequent polyubiquitination of Kif26b in the developing kidney. We find that Kif26b interacts with an E3 ubiquitin ligase, neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4 (Nedd4) in developing kidney. Phosphorylation of Kif26b at Thr-1859 and Ser-1962 by the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) enhances the interaction of Kif26b with Nedd4. Nedd4 polyubiquitinates Kif26b and thereby promotes degradation of Kif26b via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, Kif26b lacks ATPase activity but does associate with microtubules. Nocodazole treatment not only disrupts the localization of Kif26b to microtubules but also promotes phosphorylation and polyubiquitination of Kif26b. These results suggest that the function of Kif26b is microtubule-based and that Kif26b degradation in the metanephric mesenchyme via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may be important for proper kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Terabayashi
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- The Global COE “Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit,” Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaji Sakaguchi
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- The Global COE “Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit,” Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Shinmyozu
- Proteomics Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Johjima
- The Global COE “Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit,” Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teru Ogura
- The Global COE “Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit,” Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- The Global COE “Cell Fate Regulation Research and Education Unit,” Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Kalinichenko SV, Itoh K, Korobko EV, Sokol SY, Buchman VL, Korobko IV. Identification of Nedd4 E3 ubiquitin ligase as a binding partner and regulator of MAK-V protein kinase. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39505. [PMID: 22745772 PMCID: PMC3379983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MAK-V/Hunk is a scantily characterized AMPK-like protein kinase. Recent findings identified MAK-V as a pro-survival and anti-apoptotic protein and revealed its role in embryonic development as well as in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However molecular mechanisms of MAK-V action and regulation of its activity remain largely unknown. We identified Nedd4 as an interaction partner for MAK-V protein kinase. However, this HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligase is not involved in the control of MAK-V degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system that regulates MAK-V abundance in cells. However, Nedd4 in an ubiquitin ligase-independent manner rescued developmental defects in Xenopus embryos induced by MAK-V overexpression, suggesting physiological relevance of interaction between MAK-V and Nedd4. This identifies Nedd4 as the first known regulator of MAK-V function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keiji Itoh
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Elena V. Korobko
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Y. Sokol
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Igor V. Korobko
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
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Muñoz-Soriano V, Nieto-Arellano R, Paricio N. Septin 4, the drosophila ortholog of human CDCrel-1, accumulates in parkin mutant brains and is functionally related to the Nedd4 E3 ubiquitin ligase. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 48:136-43. [PMID: 22562816 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Although most PD cases are sporadic, several loci have been involved in the disease. parkin (PARK) is causative of autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism (ARJP) and encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase associated with proteasomal degradation. It was proposed that loss of PARK function may lead to the toxic accumulation of its substrates in the brain, thus causing dopaminergic (DA) neuron death. Indeed, the first identified PARK substrate was CDCrel-1, a protein of the Septin family that accumulates in ARPJ brains. Drosophila has been used as a successful model organism to study PD broadly contributing to the understanding of the disease. Consistently, park mutant flies recapitulate some key features of ARJP patients. In this scenario, we previously reported that overexpression of Septin 4 (Sep4), the Drosophila ortholog of CDCrel-1, is toxic for DA neurons and interacts physically with Park, thus suggesting that Sep4 could be a Park substrate in Drosophila. Confirming this hypothesis, we show that Sep4 accumulates in park mutant brains as its human counterpart. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Nedd4, another E3 ubiquitin ligase that may have a role in PD, is functionally related to Sep4 and could be involved in regulating Sep4 subcellular localization/trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Muñoz-Soriano
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Background Tissue development and organ growth require constant remodeling of cell-cell contacts formed between epithelial cells. The Hippo signaling cascade curtails organ growth by excluding the transcriptional co-activator Yes Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) from the nucleus. Angiomotin family members recruit YAP1 to tight junctions [1], but whether YAP1 plays a specific role outside of the nucleus is currently unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings The present study demonstrates that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4.2 targets Angiomotin-like 1 (AMOTL1), a family member that promotes the formation of epithelial tight junctions, for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Unexpectedly, YAP1 antagonizes the function of Nedd4.2, and protects AMOTL1 against Nedd4.2-mediated degradation. YAP1 recruits c-Abl, a tyrosine kinase that binds and phosphorylates Nedd4.2 on tyrosine residues, thereby modifying its ubiquitin-ligase activity. Conclusions/Significance Our results uncover a novel function for cytoplasmic YAP1. YAP1 recruits c-Abl to protect AMOTL1 against Nedd4.2-mediated degradation. Thus, YAP1, excluded from the nucleus, contributes to the maintenance of tight junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerd Walz
- Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Biological Signaling Studies (bioss), Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Kurzweil V, Tarangelo A, Oliver PM. Gastrointestinal microbiota do not significantly contribute to T cell activation or GI inflammation in Ndfip1-cKO mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34478. [PMID: 22506022 PMCID: PMC3323617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacteria inhabiting the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract play a vital role in normal digestion and immune function. In a healthy host, the immune system is tolerant to gut bacteria and does not mount an effector response to bacteria-derived antigens. Loss of tolerance to intestinal microflora has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in both mice and humans. Mice lacking Ndfip1, an adaptor protein for E3 ubiquitin ligases of the Nedd4-family, in T cells (Ndfip1-cKO) develop a disease resembling IBD. Inflammation in these mice is characterized by increased activation of peripheral T cells, infiltration of eosinophils into the GI tract, and epithelial hypertrophy in the esophagus. We hypothesized that this intestinal inflammation in Ndfip1-cKO mice is caused by a loss of T-cell tolerance to bacterial antigens. Here, we show that treatment of Ndfip1-cKO mice with broad-spectrum antibiotics drastically reduced bacterial load in stool but had little effect on T-cell activation and did not affect eosinophil infiltration into the GI tract or epithelial hypertrophy in the esophagus. Thus, inflammation in Ndfip1-cKO mice is not caused by a loss of tolerance to intestinal microbiota. Rather, T cell activation and eosinophilia may instead be triggered by other environmental antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Kurzweil
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Paula M. Oliver
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yuen EY, Wei J, Liu W, Zhong P, Li X, Yan Z. Repeated stress causes cognitive impairment by suppressing glutamate receptor expression and function in prefrontal cortex. Neuron 2012; 73:962-77. [PMID: 22405206 PMCID: PMC3302010 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress could trigger maladaptive changes associated with stress-related mental disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we found that exposing juvenile male rats to repeated stress significantly impaired the temporal order recognition memory, a cognitive process controlled by the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Concomitantly, significantly reduced AMPAR- and NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission and glutamate receptor expression were found in PFC pyramidal neurons from repeatedly stressed animals. All these effects relied on activation of glucocorticoid receptors and the subsequent enhancement of ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of GluR1 and NR1 subunits, which was controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1 and Fbx2, respectively. Inhibition of proteasomes or knockdown of Nedd4-1 and Fbx2 in PFC prevented the loss of glutamatergic responses and recognition memory in stressed animals. Our results suggest that repeated stress dampens PFC glutamatergic transmission by facilitating glutamate receptor turnover, which causes the detrimental effect on PFC-dependent cognitive processes.
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MESH Headings
- 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology
- 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione/pharmacology
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Bicuculline/pharmacology
- Cognition Disorders/etiology
- Cognition Disorders/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/drug effects
- F-Box Proteins/metabolism
- GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
- Immunoprecipitation
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
- Neuropsychological Tests
- Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism
- Prefrontal Cortex/pathology
- Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology
- Pyramidal Cells/drug effects
- Pyramidal Cells/physiopathology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Glutamate/genetics
- Receptors, Glutamate/metabolism
- Recognition, Psychology
- Restraint, Physical/adverse effects
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/pathology
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Xiangning Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14214
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Hou Q, Gilbert J, Man HY. Homeostatic regulation of AMPA receptor trafficking and degradation by light-controlled single-synaptic activation. Neuron 2012; 72:806-18. [PMID: 22153376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During homeostatic adjustment in response to alterations in neuronal activity, synaptic expression of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is globally tuned up or down so that the neuronal activity is restored to a physiological range. Given that a central neuron receives multiple presynaptic inputs, whether and how AMPAR synaptic expression is homeostatically regulated at individual synapses remain unclear. In cultured hippocampal neurons we report that when activity of an individual presynaptic terminal is selectively elevated by light-controlled excitation, AMPAR abundance at the excited synapses is selectively downregulated in an NMDAR-dependent manner. The reduction in surface AMPARs is accompanied by enhanced receptor endocytosis and dependent on proteasomal activity. Synaptic activation also leads to a site-specific increase in the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and polyubiquitination levels, consistent with AMPAR ubiquitination and degradation in the spine. These results indicate that AMPAR accumulation at individual synapses is subject to autonomous homeostatic regulation in response to synaptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Hou
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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47
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Zhong Y, Shtineman-Kotler A, Nguyen L, Iliadi KG, Boulianne GL, Rotin D. A splice isoform of DNedd4, DNedd4-long, negatively regulates neuromuscular synaptogenesis and viability in Drosophila. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27007. [PMID: 22110599 PMCID: PMC3215714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuromuscular (NM) synaptogenesis is a tightly regulated process. We previously showed that in flies, Drosophila Nedd4 (dNedd4/dNedd4S) is required for proper NM synaptogenesis by promoting endocytosis of commissureless from the muscle surface, a pre-requisite step for muscle innervation. DNedd4 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase comprised of a C2-WW(x3)-Hect domain architecture, which includes several splice isoforms, the most prominent ones are dNedd4-short (dNedd4S) and dNedd4-long (dNedd4Lo). Methodology/Principal Findings We show here that while dNedd4S is essential for NM synaptogenesis, the dNedd4Lo isoform inhibits this process and causes lethality. Our results reveal that unlike dNedd4S, dNedd4Lo cannot rescue the lethality of dNedd4 null (DNedd4T121FS) flies. Moreover, overexpression of UAS-dNedd4Lo specifically in wildtype muscles leads to NM synaptogenesis defects, impaired locomotion and larval lethality. These negative effects of dNedd4Lo are ameliorated by deletion of two regions (N-terminus and Middle region) unique to this isoform, and by inactivating the catalytic activity of dNedd4Lo, suggesting that these unique regions, as well as catalytic activity, are responsible for the inhibitory effects of dNedd4Lo on synaptogenesis. In accord with these findings, we demonstrate by sqRT-PCR an increase in dNedd4S expression relative to the expression of dNedd4Lo during embryonic stages when synaptogenesis takes place. Conclusion/Significance Our studies demonstrate that splice isoforms of the same dNedd4 gene can lead to opposite effects on NM synaptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Zhong
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alina Shtineman-Kotler
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leo Nguyen
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Konstantin G. Iliadi
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gabrielle L. Boulianne
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniela Rotin
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- * E-mail:
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De Domenico I, Lo E, Yang B, Korolnek T, Hamza I, Ward DM, Kaplan J. The role of ubiquitination in hepcidin-independent and hepcidin-dependent degradation of ferroportin. Cell Metab 2011; 14:635-46. [PMID: 22019085 PMCID: PMC3229915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The iron exporter ferroportin (Fpn) is essential to transfer iron from cells to plasma. Systemic iron homeostasis in vertebrates is regulated by the hepcidin-mediated internalization of Fpn. Here, we demonstrate a second route for Fpn internalization; when cytosolic iron levels are low, Fpn is internalized in a hepcidin-independent manner dependent upon the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 and the Nedd4-2 binding protein Nfdip-1. Retention of cell-surface Fpn through reductions in Nedd4-2 results in cell death through depletion of cytosolic iron. Nedd4-2 is also required for internalization of Fpn in the absence of ferroxidase activity as well as for the entry of hepcidin-induced Fpn into the multivesicular body. C. elegans lacks hepcidin genes, and C. elegans Fpn expressed in mammalian cells is not internalized by hepcidin but is internalized in response to iron deprivation in a Nedd4-2-dependent manner, supporting the hypothesis that Nedd4-2-induced internalization of Fpn is evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana De Domenico
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Eric Lo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Baoli Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Tamara Korolnek
- Departments of Animal & Avian Sciences and Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Iqbal Hamza
- Departments of Animal & Avian Sciences and Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Diane McVey Ward
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Jerry Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
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Wang HM, Hong J, Luo WL, Chang JH, Yao XG, Li NF. [Relationship between rs3865418 polymorphism of neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like gene and obesity in Kazakh general population]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2011; 33:533-537. [PMID: 22338138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships between rs3865418 polymorphism of neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like gene and obesity in Kazakh general population. METHODS Based on a cross-sectional epidemiological study in a Kazakh general population, a case-control study was conducted. The rs3865418 polymorphism in a Kazakh general population (856 subjects, including 364 males and 492 females; 478 in obesity group and 378 in normal control group) was genotyped by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction, and the relationship between rs3865418 polymorphism and obesity was analyzed. RESULTS The rs3865418 polymorphism was successfully genotyped in 851 Kazakh subjects. The distribution of the genotypes and alleles of rs3865418 polymorphism did not differ significantly between the obesity group and normal control group in terms of general populations, males, and females (all P > 0.05). The waist circumference showed a tendency of C/C > C/T > T/T in males and C/C < C/T < T/T in females, but without statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The rs3865418 polymorphism of neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like gene may not be associated with obesity in Kazakh general population. In other words, it is not a predisposing factor for obesity in Kazakh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Wang
- Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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50
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Aragón E, Goerner N, Zaromytidou AI, Xi Q, Escobedo A, Massagué J, Macias MJ. A Smad action turnover switch operated by WW domain readers of a phosphoserine code. Genes Dev 2011; 25:1275-88. [PMID: 21685363 PMCID: PMC3127429 DOI: 10.1101/gad.2060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
When directed to the nucleus by TGF-β or BMP signals, Smad proteins undergo cyclin-dependent kinase 8/9 (CDK8/9) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) phosphorylations that mediate the binding of YAP and Pin1 for transcriptional action, and of ubiquitin ligases Smurf1 and Nedd4L for Smad destruction. Here we demonstrate that there is an order of events-Smad activation first and destruction later-and that it is controlled by a switch in the recognition of Smad phosphoserines by WW domains in their binding partners. In the BMP pathway, Smad1 phosphorylation by CDK8/9 creates binding sites for the WW domains of YAP, and subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3 switches off YAP binding and adds binding sites for Smurf1 WW domains. Similarly, in the TGF-β pathway, Smad3 phosphorylation by CDK8/9 creates binding sites for Pin1 and GSK3, then adds sites to enhance Nedd4L binding. Thus, a Smad phosphoserine code and a set of WW domain code readers provide an efficient solution to the problem of coupling TGF-β signal delivery to turnover of the Smad signal transducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Aragón
- Structural and Computational Biology Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
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