1
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Yang C, Cheng Z, Li P, Tian B. Exploring Present and Future Directions in Nano-Enhanced Optoelectronic Neuromodulation. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1398-1410. [PMID: 38652467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Electrical neuromodulation has achieved significant translational advancements, including the development of deep brain stimulators for managing neural disorders and vagus nerve stimulators for seizure treatment. Optoelectronics, in contrast to wired electrical systems, offers the leadless feature that guides multisite and high spatiotemporal neural system targeting, ensuring high specificity and precision in translational therapies known as "photoelectroceuticals". This Account provides a concise overview of developments in novel optoelectronic nanomaterials that are engineered through innovative molecular, chemical, and nanostructure designs to facilitate neural interfacing with high efficiency and minimally invasive implantation.This Account outlines the progress made both within our laboratory and across the broader scientific community, with particular attention to implications in materials innovation strategies, studying bioelectrical activation with spatiotemporal methods, and applications in regenerative medicine. In materials innovation, we highlight a nongenetic, biocompatible, and minimally invasive approach for neuromodulation that spans various length scales, from single neurons to nerve tissues using nanosized particles and monolithic membranes. Furthermore, our discussion exposes the critical unresolved questions in the field, including mechanisms of interaction at the nanobio interface, the precision of cellular or tissue targeting, and integration into existing neural networks with high spatiotemporal modulation. In addition, we present the challenges and pressing needs for long-term stability and biocompatibility, scalability for clinical applications, and the development of noninvasive monitoring and control systems.In addressing the existing challenges in the field of nanobio interfaces, particularly for neural applications, we envisage promising strategic directions that could significantly advance this burgeoning domain. This involves a deeper theoretical understanding of nanobiointerfaces, where simulations and experimental validations on how nanomaterials interact spatiotemporally with biological systems are crucial. The development of more durable materials is vital for prolonged applications in dynamic neural interfaces, and the ability to manipulate neural activity with high specificity and spatial resolution, paves the way for targeting individual neurons or specific neural circuits. Additionally, integrating these interfaces with advanced control systems, possibly leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms and programming dynamically responsive materials designs, could significantly ease the implementation of stimulation and recording. These innovations hold the potential to introduce novel treatment modalities for a wide range of neurological and systemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwang Yang
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pengju Li
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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2
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Han M, Yildiz E, Bozuyuk U, Aydin A, Yu Y, Bhargava A, Karaz S, Sitti M. Janus microparticles-based targeted and spatially-controlled piezoelectric neural stimulation via low-intensity focused ultrasound. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2013. [PMID: 38443369 PMCID: PMC10915158 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation is a fundamental tool in studying neural circuits, treating neurological diseases, and advancing regenerative medicine. Injectable, free-standing piezoelectric particle systems have emerged as non-genetic and wireless alternatives for electrode-based tethered stimulation systems. However, achieving cell-specific and high-frequency piezoelectric neural stimulation remains challenging due to high-intensity thresholds, non-specific diffusion, and internalization of particles. Here, we develop cell-sized 20 μm-diameter silica-based piezoelectric magnetic Janus microparticles (PEMPs), enabling clinically-relevant high-frequency neural stimulation of primary neurons under low-intensity focused ultrasound. Owing to its functionally anisotropic design, half of the PEMP acts as a piezoelectric electrode via conjugated barium titanate nanoparticles to induce electrical stimulation, while the nickel-gold nanofilm-coated magnetic half provides spatial and orientational control on neural stimulation via external uniform rotating magnetic fields. Furthermore, surface functionalization with targeting antibodies enables cell-specific binding/targeting and stimulation of dopaminergic neurons. Taking advantage of such functionalities, the PEMP design offers unique features towards wireless neural stimulation for minimally invasive treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mertcan Han
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erdost Yildiz
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ugur Bozuyuk
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Asli Aydin
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yan Yu
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Aarushi Bhargava
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Selcan Karaz
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
- School of Medicine and College of Engineering, Koç University, 34450, Istanbul, Türkiye.
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3
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Gao Y, Guo Y, Yang Y, Tang Y, Wang B, Yan Q, Chen X, Cai J, Fang L, Xiong Z, Gao F, Wu C, Wang J, Tang J, Shi L, Li D. Magnetically Manipulated Optoelectronic Hybrid Microrobots for Optically Targeted Non-Genetic Neuromodulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305632. [PMID: 37805826 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Optically controlled neuromodulation is a promising approach for basic research of neural circuits and the clinical treatment of neurological diseases. However, developing a non-invasive and well-controllable system to deliver accurate and effective neural stimulation is challenging. Micro/nanorobots have shown great potential in various biomedical applications because of their precise controllability. Here, a magnetically-manipulated optoelectronic hybrid microrobot (MOHR) is presented for optically targeted non-genetic neuromodulation. By integrating the magnetic component into the metal-insulator-semiconductor junction design, the MOHR has excellent magnetic controllability and optoelectronic properties. The MOHR displays a variety of magnetic manipulation modes that enables precise and efficient navigation in different biofluids. Furthermore, the MOHR could achieve precision neuromodulation at the single-cell level because of its accurate targeting ability. This neuromodulation is achieved by the MOHR's photoelectric response to visible light irradiation, which enhances the excitability of the targeted cells. Finally, it is shown that the well-controllable MOHRs effectively restore neuronal activity in neurons damaged by β-amyloid, a pathogenic agent of Alzheimer's disease. By coupling precise controllability with efficient optoelectronic properties, the hybrid microrobot system is a promising strategy for targeted on-demand optical neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yaorong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Biao Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Yan
- Wireless and Smart Bioelectronics Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Xiyu Chen
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Junxiang Cai
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ze Xiong
- Wireless and Smart Bioelectronics Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Changjin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jizhuang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
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4
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Falahatdoost S, Prawer YDJ, Peng D, Chambers A, Zhan H, Pope L, Stacey A, Ahnood A, Al Hashem HN, De León SE, Garrett DJ, Fox K, Clark MB, Ibbotson MR, Prawer S, Tong W. Control of Neuronal Survival and Development Using Conductive Diamond. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4361-4374. [PMID: 38232177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the control of neuronal survival and development using nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (N-UNCD). We highlight the role of N-UNCD in regulating neuronal activity via near-infrared illumination, demonstrating the generation of stable photocurrents that enhance neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth and foster a more active, synchronized neuronal network. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing reveals that diamond substrates improve cellular-substrate interaction by upregulating extracellular matrix and gap junction-related genes. Our findings underscore the potential of conductive diamond as a robust and biocompatible platform for noninvasive and effective neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Falahatdoost
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yair D J Prawer
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Danli Peng
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andre Chambers
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Hualin Zhan
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Leon Pope
- School of Engineering, STEM College, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Alastair Stacey
- School of Science, STEM College, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Arman Ahnood
- School of Engineering, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Hassan N Al Hashem
- School of Engineering, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sorel E De León
- School of Engineering, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - David J Garrett
- School of Engineering, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Kate Fox
- School of Engineering, The RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Michael B Clark
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael R Ibbotson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Wei Tong
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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5
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Chen J, Liu Y, Chen F, Guo M, Zhou J, Fu P, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang H, Hua W, Chen J, Hu J, Mao Y, Jin D, Bu W. Non-Faradaic optoelectrodes for safe electrical neuromodulation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:405. [PMID: 38195782 PMCID: PMC10776784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale optoelectrodes hold the potential to stimulate optically individual neurons and intracellular organelles, a challenge that demands both a high-density of photoelectron storage and significant charge injection. Here, we report that zinc porphyrin, commonly used in dye-sensitized solar cells, can be self-assembled into nanorods and then coated by TiO2. The J-aggregated zinc porphyrin array enables long-range exciton diffusion and allows for fast electron transfer into TiO2. The formation of TiO2(e-) attracts positive charges around the neuron membrane, contributing to the induction of action potentials. Far-field cranial irradiation of the motor cortex using a 670 nm laser or an 850 nm femtosecond laser can modulate local neuronal firing and trigger motor responses in the hind limb of mice. The pulsed photoelectrical stimulation of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus alleviates parkinsonian symptoms in mice, improving abnormal stepping and enhancing the activity of dopaminergic neurons. Our results suggest injectable nanoscopic optoelectrodes for optical neuromodulation with high efficiency and negligible side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Feixiang Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mengnan Guo
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - He Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Sate Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China.
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia.
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, P.R. China.
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China.
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6
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Ma J, Majmudar A, Tian B. Bridging the Gap-Thermofluidic Designs for Precision Bioelectronics. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302431. [PMID: 37975642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics, the merging of biology and electronics, can monitor and modulate biological behaviors across length and time scales with unprecedented capability. Current bioelectronics research largely focuses on devices' mechanical properties and electronic designs. However, the thermofluidic control is often overlooked, which is noteworthy given the discipline's importance in almost all bioelectronics processes. It is believed that integrating thermofluidic designs into bioelectronics is essential to align device precision with the complexity of biofluids and biological structures. This perspective serves as a mini roadmap for researchers in both fields to introduce key principles, applications, and challenges in both bioelectronics and thermofluids domains. Important interdisciplinary opportunities for the development of future healthcare devices and precise bioelectronics will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Ma
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Aman Majmudar
- The College, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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7
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Cui H, Zhao S, Hong G. Wireless deep-brain neuromodulation using photovoltaics in the second near-infrared spectrum. DEVICE 2023; 1:100113. [PMID: 37990694 PMCID: PMC10659575 DOI: 10.1016/j.device.2023.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Conventional electrical neuromodulation techniques are constrained by the need for invasive implants in neural tissues, whereas methods using optogenetic are subjected to genetic alterations and hampered by the poor tissue penetration of visible light. Photovoltaic neuromodulation using light from the second near-infrared (NIR-II) spectrum, which minimizes scattering and enhances tissue penetration, shows promise as an alternative to existing neuromodulation technologies. NIR-II light has been used in deep-tissue imaging and in deep-brain photothermal neuromodulation via nanotransducers. This Perspective will provide an overview for the underpinning mechanisms of photovoltaic neuromodulation and identify avenues for future research in materials science and bioengineering that can further advance NIR-II photovoltaic neuromodulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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8
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Wang Y, Hartung JE, Goad A, Preisegger MA, Chacon B, Gold MS, Gogotsi Y, Cohen-Karni T. Photothermal Excitation of Neurons Using MXene: Cellular Stress and Phototoxicity Evaluation. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302330. [PMID: 37755313 PMCID: PMC10963341 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the communication of individual neurons necessitates precise control of neural activity. Photothermal modulation is a remote and non-genetic technique to control neural activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. The local heat release by photothermally active nanomaterial will change the membrane properties of the interfaced neurons during light illumination. Recently, it is demonstrated that the two-dimensional Ti3 C2 Tx MXene is an outstanding candidate to photothermally excite neurons with low incident energy. However, the safety of using Ti3 C2 Tx for neural modulation is unknown. Here, the biosafety of Ti3 C2 Tx -based photothermal modulation is thoroughly investigated, including assessments of plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial stress, and oxidative stress. It is demonstrated that culturing neurons on 25 µg cm-2 Ti3 C2 Tx films and illuminating them with laser pulses (635 nm) with different incident energies (2-10 µJ per pulse) and different pulse frequencies (1 pulse, 1 Hz, and 10 Hz) neither damage the cell membrane, induce cellular stress, nor generate oxidative stress. The threshold energy to cause damage (i.e., 14 µJ per pulse) exceeded the incident energy for neural excitation (<10 µJ per pulse). This multi-assay safety evaluation provides crucial insights for guiding the establishment of light conditions and protocols in the clinical translation of photothermal modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
| | - Jane E. Hartung
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260
| | - Adam Goad
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | | | - Benjamin Chacon
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Michael S. Gold
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
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9
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Karatum O, Han M, Erdogan ET, Karamursel S, Nizamoglu S. Physical mechanisms of emerging neuromodulation modalities. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:031001. [PMID: 37224804 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acd870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the ultimate goals of neurostimulation field is to design materials, devices and systems that can simultaneously achieve safe, effective and tether-free operation. For that, understanding the working mechanisms and potential applicability of neurostimulation techniques is important to develop noninvasive, enhanced, and multi-modal control of neural activity. Here, we review direct and transduction-based neurostimulation techniques by discussing their interaction mechanisms with neurons via electrical, mechanical, and thermal means. We show how each technique targets modulation of specific ion channels (e.g. voltage-gated, mechanosensitive, heat-sensitive) by exploiting fundamental wave properties (e.g. interference) or engineering nanomaterial-based systems for efficient energy transduction. Overall, our review provides a detailed mechanistic understanding of neurostimulation techniques together with their applications toin vitro, in vivo, and translational studies to guide the researchers toward developing more advanced systems in terms of noninvasiveness, spatiotemporal resolution, and clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onuralp Karatum
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mertcan Han
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Tuna Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sacit Karamursel
- Department of Physiology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sedat Nizamoglu
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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10
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Injectable 2D flexible hydrogel sheets for optoelectrical/biochemical dual stimulation of neurons. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213284. [PMID: 36682202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Major challenges in developing implanted neural stimulation devices are the invasiveness, complexity, and cost of the implantation procedure. Here, we report an injectable, nanofibrous 2D flexible hydrogel sheet-based neural stimulation device that can be non-invasively implanted via syringe injection for optoelectrical and biochemical dual stimulation of neuron. Specifically, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)/alginate hydrogel nanofibers were mechanically reinforced with a poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) core by coaxial electrospinning. The lubricant hydrogel shell enabled not only injectability, but also facile incorporation of functional nanomaterials and bioactives. The nanofibers loaded with photocatatlytic g-C3N4/GO nanoparticles were capable of stimulating neural cells via blue light, with a significant 36.3 % enhancement in neurite extension. Meanwhile, the nerve growth factor (NGF) loaded nanofibers supported a sustained release of NGF with well-maintained function to biochemically stimulate neural differentiation. We have demonstrated the capability of an injectable, hydrogel nanofibrous, neural stimulation system to support neural stimulation both optoelectrically and biochemically, which represents crucial early steps in a larger effort to create a minimally invasive system for neural stimulation.
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11
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Ciocca M, Marcozzi S, Mariani P, Lacconi V, Di Carlo A, Cinà L, Rosato-Siri MD, Zanon A, Cattelan G, Avancini E, Lugli P, Priya S, Camaioni A, Brown TM. A Polymer Bio–Photoelectrolytic Platform for Electrical Signal Measurement and for Light Modulation of Ion Fluxes and Proliferation in a Neuroblastoma Cell Line. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ciocca
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 1 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Serena Marcozzi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Via Montpellier 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Valentina Lacconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Via Montpellier 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia CNR-ISM via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Lucio Cinà
- Cicci Research srl., Via Giordania 227 58100 Grosseto Italy
| | - Marcelo D. Rosato-Siri
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Alessandra Zanon
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Giada Cattelan
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Enrico Avancini
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 1 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Paolo Lugli
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 1 39100 Bolzano Italy
| | - Shashank Priya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Antonella Camaioni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Via Montpellier 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Thomas M. Brown
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
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12
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Central Nervous System Nanotechnology. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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13
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Barrett JM, Martin ME, Shepherd GMG. Manipulation-specific cortical activity as mice handle food. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4842-4853.e6. [PMID: 36243014 PMCID: PMC9691616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Food handling offers unique yet largely unexplored opportunities to investigate how cortical activity relates to forelimb movements in a natural, ethologically essential, and kinematically rich form of manual dexterity. To determine these relationships, we recorded high-speed (1,000 fps) video and multi-channel electrophysiological cortical spiking activity while mice handled food. The high temporal resolution of the video allowed us to decompose active manipulation ("oromanual") events into characteristic submovements, enabling event-aligned analysis of cortical activity. Activity in forelimb M1 was strongly modulated during food handling, generally higher during oromanual events and lower during holding intervals. Optogenetic silencing and stimulation of forelimb M1 neurons partially affected food-handling movements, exerting suppressive and activating effects, respectively. We also extended the analysis to forelimb S1 and lateral M1, finding broadly similar oromanual-related activity across all three areas. However, each area's activity displayed a distinct timing and phasic/tonic temporal profile, which was further analyzed by non-negative matrix factorization and demonstrated to be attributable to area-specific composition of activity classes. Current or future forelimb position could be accurately predicted from activity in all three regions, indicating that the cortical activity in these areas contains high information content about forelimb movements during food handling. These results thus establish that cortical activity during food handling is manipulation specific, distributed, and broadly similar across multiple sensorimotor areas while also exhibiting area- and submovement-specific relationships with the fast kinematic hallmarks of this natural form of complex free-object-handling manual dexterity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Barrett
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Megan E Martin
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gordon M G Shepherd
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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14
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Huang Y, Cui Y, Deng H, Wang J, Hong R, Hu S, Hou H, Dong Y, Wang H, Chen J, Li L, Xie Y, Sun P, Fu X, Yin L, Xiong W, Shi SH, Luo M, Wang S, Li X, Sheng X. Bioresorbable thin-film silicon diodes for the optoelectronic excitation and inhibition of neural activities. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 7:486-498. [PMID: 36065014 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neural activities can be modulated by leveraging light-responsive nanomaterials as interfaces for exerting photothermal, photoelectrochemical or photocapacitive effects on neurons or neural tissues. Here we show that bioresorbable thin-film monocrystalline silicon pn diodes can be used to optoelectronically excite or inhibit neural activities by establishing polarity-dependent positive or negative photovoltages at the semiconductor/solution interface. Under laser illumination, the silicon-diode optoelectronic interfaces allowed for the deterministic depolarization or hyperpolarization of cultured neurons as well as the upregulated or downregulated intracellular calcium dynamics. The optoelectronic interfaces can also be mounted on nerve tissue to activate or silence neural activities in peripheral and central nervous tissues, as we show in mice with exposed sciatic nerves and somatosensory cortices. Bioresorbable silicon-based optoelectronic thin films that selectively excite or inhibit neural tissue may find advantageous biomedical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Huang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanjie Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongqi Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuhan Hu
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Hou
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanrui Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huachun Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhu Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Song-Hai Shi
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shirong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaojian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. .,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Schmidt T, Jakešová M, Đerek V, Kornmueller K, Tiapko O, Bischof H, Burgstaller S, Waldherr L, Nowakowska M, Baumgartner C, Üçal M, Leitinger G, Scheruebel S, Patz S, Malli R, Głowacki ED, Rienmüller T, Schindl R. Light Stimulation of Neurons on Organic Photocapacitors Induces Action Potentials with Millisecond Precision. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 7:2101159. [PMID: 37064760 PMCID: PMC10097427 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nongenetic optical control of neurons is a powerful technique to study and manipulate the function of the nervous system. This research has benchmarked the performance of organic electrolytic photocapacitor (OEPC) optoelectronic stimulators at the level of single mammalian cells: human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells with heterologously expressed voltage-gated K+ channels and hippocampal primary neurons. OEPCs act as extracellular stimulation electrodes driven by deep red light. The electrophysiological recordings show that millisecond light stimulation of OEPC shifts conductance-voltage plots of voltage-gated K+ channels by ≈30 mV. Models are described both for understanding the experimental findings at the level of K+ channel kinetics in HEK cells, as well as elucidating interpretation of membrane electrophysiology obtained during stimulation with an electrically floating extracellular photoelectrode. A time-dependent increase in voltage-gated channel conductivity in response to OEPC stimulation is demonstrated. These findings are then carried on to cultured primary hippocampal neurons. It is found that millisecond time-scale optical stimuli trigger repetitive action potentials in these neurons. The findings demonstrate that OEPC devices enable the manipulation of neuronal signaling activities with millisecond precision. OEPCs can therefore be integrated into novel in vitro electrophysiology protocols, and the findings can inspire in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Marie Jakešová
- Bioelectronics Materials and Devices LaboratoryCentral European Institute of TechnologyBrno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno61200Czech Republic
| | - Vedran Đerek
- Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebBijenička c. 32Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Karin Kornmueller
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Oleksandra Tiapko
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Helmut Bischof
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of PharmacyUniversity of TuebingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TuebingenGermany
| | - Sandra Burgstaller
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of PharmacyUniversity of TuebingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TuebingenGermany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen72770ReutlingenGermany
| | - Linda Waldherr
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
| | - Marta Nowakowska
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with European Testing Center of Medical DevicesGraz University of TechnologyGraz8010Austria
| | - Muammer Üçal
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterDivision of Cell BiologyHistology and EmbryologyMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Susanne Scheruebel
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
| | - Silke Patz
- Research Unit of Experimental NeurotraumatologyDepartment of NeurosurgeryMedical University GrazAuenbruggerplatz 2.2Graz8036Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMolecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6Graz8010Austria
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Bioelectronics Materials and Devices LaboratoryCentral European Institute of TechnologyBrno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno61200Czech Republic
| | - Theresa Rienmüller
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with European Testing Center of Medical DevicesGraz University of TechnologyGraz8010Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Gottfried Schatz Research CenterChair of BiophysicsMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstraße 6Graz8010Austria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGraz8010Austria
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16
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Thalhammer A, Fontanini M, Shi J, Scaini D, Recupero L, Evtushenko A, Fu Y, Pavagada S, Bistrovic-Popov A, Fruk L, Tian B, Ballerini L. Distributed interfacing by nanoscale photodiodes enables single-neuron light activation and sensory enhancement in 3D spinal explants. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9257. [PMID: 35960795 PMCID: PMC9374338 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Among emerging technologies developed to interface neuronal signaling, engineering electrodes at the nanoscale would yield more precise biodevices opening to progress in neural circuit investigations and to new therapeutic potential. Despite remarkable progress in miniature electronics for less invasive neurostimulation, most nano-enabled, optically triggered interfaces are demonstrated in cultured cells, which precludes the studies of natural neural circuits. We exploit here free-standing silicon-based nanoscale photodiodes to optically modulate single, identified neurons in mammalian spinal cord explants. With near-infrared light stimulation, we show that activating single excitatory or inhibitory neurons differently affects sensory circuits processing in the dorsal horn. We successfully functionalize nano-photodiodes to target single molecules, such as glutamate AMPA receptor subunits, thus enabling light activation of specific synaptic pathways. We conclude that nano-enabled neural interfaces can modulate selected sensory networks with low invasiveness. The use of nanoscale photodiodes can thus provide original perspective in linking neural activity to specific behavioral outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Thalhammer
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Fontanini
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Denis Scaini
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48013, Spain
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Luca Recupero
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alexander Evtushenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suraj Pavagada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Bistrovic-Popov
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
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17
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Silverå Ejneby M, Jakešová M, Ferrero JJ, Migliaccio L, Sahalianov I, Zhao Z, Berggren M, Khodagholy D, Đerek V, Gelinas JN, Głowacki ED. Chronic electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves via deep-red light transduced by an implanted organic photocapacitor. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:741-753. [PMID: 34916610 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Implantable devices for the wireless modulation of neural tissue need to be designed for reliability, safety and reduced invasiveness. Here we report chronic electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in rats by an implanted organic electrolytic photocapacitor that transduces deep-red light into electrical signals. The photocapacitor relies on commercially available semiconducting non-toxic pigments and is integrated in a conformable 0.1-mm3 thin-film cuff. In freely moving rats, fixation of the cuff around the sciatic nerve, 10 mm below the surface of the skin, allowed stimulation (via 50-1,000-μs pulses of deep-red light at wavelengths of 638 nm or 660 nm) of the nerve for over 100 days. The robustness, biocompatibility, low volume and high-performance characteristics of organic electrolytic photocapacitors may facilitate the wireless chronic stimulation of peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Silverå Ejneby
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Jakešová
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jose J Ferrero
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ludovico Migliaccio
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ihor Sahalianov
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Zifang Zhao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Dion Khodagholy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vedran Đerek
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden. .,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. .,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jennifer N Gelinas
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden. .,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. .,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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18
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Prominski A, Shi J, Li P, Yue J, Lin Y, Park J, Tian B, Rotenberg MY. Porosity-based heterojunctions enable leadless optoelectronic modulation of tissues. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:647-655. [PMID: 35618824 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Homo- and heterojunctions play essential roles in semiconductor-based devices such as field-effect transistors, solar cells, photodetectors and light-emitting diodes. Semiconductor junctions have been recently used to optically trigger biological modulation via photovoltaic or photoelectrochemical mechanisms. The creation of heterojunctions typically involves materials with different doping or composition, which leads to high cost, complex fabrications and potential side effects at biointerfaces. Here we show that a porosity-based heterojunction, a largely overlooked system in materials science, can yield an efficient photoelectrochemical response from the semiconductor surface. Using self-limiting stain etching, we create a nanoporous/non-porous, soft-hard heterojunction in p-type silicon within seconds under ambient conditions. Upon surface oxidation, the heterojunction yields a strong photoelectrochemical response in saline. Without any interconnects or metal modifications, the heterojunction enables efficient non-genetic optoelectronic stimulation of isolated rat hearts ex vivo and sciatic nerves in vivo with optical power comparable to optogenetics, and with near-infrared capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Prominski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pengju Li
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiping Yue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yiliang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jihun Park
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Menahem Y Rotenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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19
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Shao Y, Fu J. Engineering multiscale structural orders for high-fidelity embryoids and organoids. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:722-743. [PMID: 35523138 PMCID: PMC9097334 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Embryoids and organoids hold great promise for human biology and medicine. Herein, we discuss conceptual and technological frameworks useful for developing high-fidelity embryoids and organoids that display tissue- and organ-level phenotypes and functions, which are critically needed for decoding developmental programs and improving translational applications. Through dissecting the layers of inputs controlling mammalian embryogenesis, we review recent progress in reconstructing multiscale structural orders in embryoids and organoids. Bioengineering tools useful for multiscale, multimodal structural engineering of tissue- and organ-level cellular organization and microenvironment are also discussed to present integrative, bioengineering-directed approaches to achieve next-generation, high-fidelity embryoids and organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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20
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Zou L, Xu K, Tian H, Fang Y. Remote neural regulation mediated by nanomaterials. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:272002. [PMID: 35442216 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac62b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural regulation techniques play an essential role in the functional dissection of neural circuits and also the treatment of neurological diseases. Recently, a series of nanomaterials, including upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and silicon nanomaterials (SNMs) that are responsive to remote optical or magnetic stimulation, have been applied as transducers to facilitate localized control of neural activities. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in nanomaterial-mediated neural regulation, especially in a remote and minimally invasive manner. We first give an overview of existing neural stimulation techniques, including electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, chemogenetics, and optogenetics, with an emphasis on their current limitations. Then we focus on recent developments in nanomaterial-mediated neural regulation, including UCNP-mediated fiberless optogenetics, MNP-mediated magnetic neural regulation, and SNM-mediated non-genetic neural regulation. Finally, we discuss the possibilities and challenges for nanomaterial-mediated neural regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Tian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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21
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Nikić M, Opančar A, Hartmann F, Migliaccio L, Jakešová M, Głowacki ED, Đerek V. Micropyramid structured photo capacitive interfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:245302. [PMID: 35226885 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optically driven electronic neuromodulation devices are a novel tool in basic research and offer new prospects in medical therapeutic applications. Optimal operation of such devices requires efficient light capture and charge generation, effective electrical communication across the device's bioelectronic interface, conformal adhesion to the target tissue, and mechanical stability of the device during the lifetime of the implant-all of which can be tuned by spatial structuring of the device. We demonstrate a 3D structured opto-bioelectronic device-an organic electrolytic photocapacitor spatially designed by depositing the active device layers on an inverted micropyramid-shaped substrate. Ultrathin, transparent, and flexible micropyramid-shaped foil was fabricated by chemical vapour deposition of parylene C on silicon moulds containing arrays of inverted micropyramids, followed by a peel-off procedure. The capacitive current delivered by the devices showed a strong dependency on the underlying spatial structure. The device performance was evaluated by numerical modelling. We propose that the developed numerical model can be used as a basis for the design of future functional 3D design of opto-bioelectronic devices and electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nikić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Opančar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Florian Hartmann
- Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, A-4040, Austria
- Soft Materials Lab, Linz Institute of Technology LIT, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, Linz, A-4040, Austria
| | - Ludovico Migliaccio
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Jakešová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vedran Đerek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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22
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Saha R, Wu K, Bloom RP, Liang S, Tonini D, Wang JP. A review on magnetic and spintronic neurostimulation: challenges and prospects. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:182004. [PMID: 35013010 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac49be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the treatment of neurodegenerative, sensory and cardiovascular diseases, electrical probes and arrays have shown quite a promising success rate. However, despite the outstanding clinical outcomes, their operation is significantly hindered by non-selective control of electric fields. A promising alternative is micromagnetic stimulation (μMS) due to the high permeability of magnetic field through biological tissues. The induced electric field from the time-varying magnetic field generated by magnetic neurostimulators is used to remotely stimulate neighboring neurons. Due to the spatial asymmetry of the induced electric field, high spatial selectivity of neurostimulation has been realized. Herein, some popular choices of magnetic neurostimulators such as microcoils (μcoils) and spintronic nanodevices are reviewed. The neurostimulator features such as power consumption and resolution (aiming at cellular level) are discussed. In addition, the chronic stability and biocompatibility of these implantable neurostimulator are commented in favor of further translation to clinical settings. Furthermore, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), as another invaluable neurostimulation material, has emerged in recent years. Thus, in this review we have also included MNPs as a remote neurostimulation solution that overcomes physical limitations of invasive implants. Overall, this review provides peers with the recent development of ultra-low power, cellular-level, spatially selective magnetic neurostimulators of dimensions within micro- to nano-range for treating chronic neurological disorders. At the end of this review, some potential applications of next generation neuro-devices have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Saha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Robert P Bloom
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Denis Tonini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
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23
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Miao BA, Meng L, Tian B. Biology-guided engineering of bioelectrical interfaces. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:94-111. [PMID: 34904138 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrical interfaces that bridge biotic and abiotic systems have heightened the ability to monitor, understand, and manipulate biological systems and are catalyzing profound progress in neuroscience research, treatments for heart failure, and microbial energy systems. With advances in nanotechnology, bifunctional and high-density devices with tailored structural designs are being developed to enable multiplexed recording or stimulation across multiple spatial and temporal scales with resolution down to millisecond-nanometer interfaces, enabling efficient and effective communication with intracellular electrical activities in a relatively noninvasive and biocompatible manner. This review provides an overview of how biological systems guide the design, engineering, and implementation of bioelectrical interfaces for biomedical applications. We investigate recent advances in bioelectrical interfaces for applications in nervous, cardiac, and microbial systems, and we also discuss the outlook of state-of-the-art biology-guided bioelectrical interfaces with high biocompatibility, extended long-term stability, and integrated system functionality for potential clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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24
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Liang E, Shi J, Tian B. Freestanding nanomaterials for subcellular neuronal interfaces. iScience 2022; 25:103534. [PMID: 34977499 PMCID: PMC8683583 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current technological advances in neural probing and modulation have enabled an extraordinary glimpse into the intricacies of the nervous system. Particularly, nanomaterials are proving to be an incredibly versatile platform for neurological applications owing to their biocompatibility, tunability, highly specific targeting and sensing, and long-term chemical stability. Among the most desirable nanomaterials for neuroengineering, freestanding nanomaterials are minimally invasive and remotely controlled. This review outlines the most recent developments of freestanding nanomaterials that operate on the neuronal interface. First, the different nanomaterials and their mechanisms for modulating neurons are explored to provide a basis for how freestanding nanomaterials operate. Then, the three main applications of subcellular neuronal engineering-modulating neuronal behavior, exploring fundamental neuronal mechanism, and recording neuronal signal-are highlighted with specific examples of current advancements. Finally, we conclude with our perspective on future nanomaterial designs and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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25
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Cai X, Chen M, Prominski A, Lin Y, Ankenbruck N, Rosenberg J, Nguyen M, Shi J, Tomatsidou A, Randall G, Missiakas D, Fung J, Chang EB, Penaloza‐MacMaster P, Tian B, Huang J. A Multifunctional Neutralizing Antibody-Conjugated Nanoparticle Inhibits and Inactivates SARS-CoV-2. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103240. [PMID: 34761549 PMCID: PMC8646742 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global pandemic. Despite intensive research, the current treatment options show limited curative efficacies. Here the authors report a strategy incorporating neutralizing antibodies conjugated to the surface of a photothermal nanoparticle (NP) to capture and inactivate SARS-CoV-2. The NP is comprised of a semiconducting polymer core and a biocompatible polyethylene glycol surface decorated with high-affinity neutralizing antibodies. The multifunctional NP efficiently captures SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirions and completely blocks viral infection to host cells in vitro through the surface neutralizing antibodies. In addition to virus capture and blocking function, the NP also possesses photothermal function to generate heat following irradiation for inactivation of virus. Importantly, the NPs described herein significantly outperform neutralizing antibodies at treating authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo. This multifunctional NP provides a flexible platform that can be readily adapted to other SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and extended to novel therapeutic proteins, thus it is expected to provide a broad range of protection against original SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Cai
- Pritzker School of Molecular EngineeringUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Min Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular EngineeringUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | | | - Yiliang Lin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Pritzker School of Molecular EngineeringUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | | | - Mindy Nguyen
- Pritzker School of Molecular EngineeringUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Anastasia Tomatsidou
- Department of MicrobiologyHoward Taylor Ricketts LaboratoryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Glenn Randall
- Department of MicrobiologyHoward Taylor Ricketts LaboratoryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Dominique Missiakas
- Department of MicrobiologyHoward Taylor Ricketts LaboratoryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - John Fung
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Eugene B. Chang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | | | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
| | - Jun Huang
- Pritzker School of Molecular EngineeringUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA
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26
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Fan H. Central Nervous System Nanotechnology. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_29-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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27
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Garg R, Roman DS, Wang Y, Cohen-Karni D, Cohen-Karni T. Graphene nanostructures for input-output bioelectronics. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041304. [PMID: 35005709 PMCID: PMC8717360 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the electrophysiology of electrically active cells and tissues has enabled a deeper understanding of healthy and diseased tissue states. This has primarily been achieved via input/output (I/O) bioelectronics that interface engineered materials with biological entities. Stable long-term application of conventional I/O bioelectronics advances as materials and processing techniques develop. Recent advancements have facilitated the development of graphene-based I/O bioelectronics with a wide variety of functional characteristics. Engineering the structural, physical, and chemical properties of graphene nanostructures and integration with modern microelectronics have enabled breakthrough high-density electrophysiological investigations. Here, we review recent advancements in 2D and 3D graphene-based I/O bioelectronics and highlight electrophysiological studies facilitated by these emerging platforms. Challenges and present potential breakthroughs that can be addressed via graphene bioelectronics are discussed. We emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach across materials science, micro-fabrication, and bioengineering to develop the next generation of I/O bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daniel San Roman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Devora Cohen-Karni
- Preclinical education biochemistry, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Greensburg, Pennsylvania 15601, USA
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28
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Probing the electronic properties of the electrified silicon/water interface by combining simulations and experiments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2114929118. [PMID: 34750271 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114929118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is broadly used in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical devices, where the capacitive and Faradaic reactions at the Si/water interfaces are critical for signal transduction or noise generation. However, probing the electrified Si/water interface at the microscopic level remains a challenging task. Here we focus on hydrogenated Si surfaces in contact with water, relevant to transient electronics and photoelectrochemical modulation of biological cells and tissues. We show that by carrying out first-principles molecular dynamics simulations of the Si(100)/water interface in the presence of an electric field we can realistically correlate the computed flat-band potential and tunneling current images at the interface with experimentally measured capacitive and Faradaic currents. Specifically, we validate our simulations in the presence of bias by performing pulsed chronoamperometry measurements on Si wafers in solution. Consistent with prior experiments, our measurements and simulations indicate the presence of voltage-dependent capacitive currents at the interface. We also find that Faradaic currents are weakly dependent on the applied bias, which we relate to surface defects present in newly prepared samples.
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29
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Zeng Q, Li X, Zhang S, Deng C, Wu T. Think big, see small—A review of nanomaterials for neural interfaces. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Shiyun Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Chunshan Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Tianzhun Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Health Bioinformatics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
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30
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Xu D, Lin H, Qiu W, Ge M, Chen Z, Wu C, You Y, Lu X, Wei C, Liu J, Guo X, Shi J. Hydrogen-bonded silicene nanosheets of engineered bandgap and selective degradability for photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121172. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
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31
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Bruno G, Melle G, Barbaglia A, Iachetta G, Melikov R, Perrone M, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. All-Optical and Label-Free Stimulation of Action Potentials in Neurons and Cardiomyocytes by Plasmonic Porous Metamaterials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100627. [PMID: 34486241 PMCID: PMC8564419 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Optical stimulation technologies are gaining great consideration in cardiology, neuroscience studies, and drug discovery pathways by providing control over cell activity with high spatio-temporal resolution. However, this high precision requires manipulation of biological processes at genetic level concealing its development from broad scale application. Therefore, translating these technologies into tools for medical or pharmacological applications remains a challenge. Here, an all-optical nongenetic method for the modulation of electrogenic cells is introduced. It is demonstrated that plasmonic metamaterials can be used to elicit action potentials by converting near infrared laser pulses into stimulatory currents. The suggested approach allows for the stimulation of cardiomyocytes and neurons directly on commercial complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microelectrode arrays coupled with ultrafast pulsed laser, providing both stimulation and network-level recordings on the same device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bruno
- Plasmon NanotechnologiesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova16163Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Plasmon NanotechnologiesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova16163Italy
| | - Andrea Barbaglia
- Plasmon NanotechnologiesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova16163Italy
| | | | | | - Michela Perrone
- Plasmon NanotechnologiesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova16163Italy
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Plasmon NanotechnologiesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova16163Italy
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32
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Fang Y, Yang X, Lin Y, Shi J, Prominski A, Clayton C, Ostroff E, Tian B. Dissecting Biological and Synthetic Soft-Hard Interfaces for Tissue-Like Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5233-5276. [PMID: 34677943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Soft and hard materials at interfaces exhibit mismatched behaviors, such as mismatched chemical or biochemical reactivity, mechanical response, and environmental adaptability. Leveraging or mitigating these differences can yield interfacial processes difficult to achieve, or inapplicable, in pure soft or pure hard phases. Exploration of interfacial mismatches and their associated (bio)chemical, mechanical, or other physical processes may yield numerous opportunities in both fundamental studies and applications, in a manner similar to that of semiconductor heterojunctions and their contribution to solid-state physics and the semiconductor industry over the past few decades. In this review, we explore the fundamental chemical roles and principles involved in designing these interfaces, such as the (bio)chemical evolution of adaptive or buffer zones. We discuss the spectroscopic, microscopic, (bio)chemical, and computational tools required to uncover the chemical processes in these confined or hidden soft-hard interfaces. We propose a soft-hard interaction framework and use it to discuss soft-hard interfacial processes in multiple systems and across several spatiotemporal scales, focusing on tissue-like materials and devices. We end this review by proposing several new scientific and engineering approaches to leveraging the soft-hard interfacial processes involved in biointerfacing composites and exploring new applications for these composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Yiliang Lin
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aleksander Prominski
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Clementene Clayton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ellie Ostroff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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33
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Hydrogen-bonded silicene nanosheets of engineered bandgap and selective degradability for photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121172. [PMID: 34653935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Silicon, a highly biocompatible and ubiquitous chemical element in living systems, exhibits great potentials in biomedical applications. However, the silicon-based nanomaterials such as silica and porous silicon have been largely limited to only serving as carriers for delivery systems, due to the lack of intrinsic functionalities of silicon. This work presents the facile construction of a two-dimensional (2D) hydrogen-bonded silicene (H-silicene) nanosystem which is highlighted with tunable bandgap and selective degradability for tumor-specific photodynamic therapy facilely by surface covalent modification of hydrogen atoms. Briefly, the H-silicene nanosheet material is selectively degradable in normal neutral tissues but rather stable in the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) for achieving efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT). Such a 2D hydrogen-bonded silicene nanosystem featuring the tunable bandgap and tumor-selective degradability provides a new paradigm for the application of multi-functional two-dimensional silicon-based biomaterials towards the diagnosis and treatments of cancer and other diseases.
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34
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Wang Y, Garg R, Hartung JE, Goad A, Patel DA, Vitale F, Gold MS, Gogotsi Y, Cohen-Karni T. Ti 3C 2T x MXene Flakes for Optical Control of Neuronal Electrical Activity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14662-14671. [PMID: 34431659 PMCID: PMC9285622 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding cellular electrical communications in both health and disease necessitates precise subcellular electrophysiological modulation. Nanomaterial-assisted photothermal stimulation was demonstrated to modulate cellular activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. Ideal candidates for such an application are expected to have high absorbance at the near-infrared window, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and straightforward scale-up of production to allow future translation. Here, we demonstrate two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene) as an outstanding candidate for remote, nongenetic, optical modulation of neuronal electrical activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. Ti3C2Tx's photothermal response measured at the single-flake level resulted in local temperature rises of 2.31 ± 0.03 and 3.30 ± 0.02 K for 635 and 808 nm laser pulses (1 ms, 10 mW), respectively. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons incubated with Ti3C2Tx film (25 μg/cm2) or Ti3C2Tx flake dispersion (100 μg/mL) for 6 days did not show a detectable influence on cellular viability, indicating that Ti3C2Tx is noncytotoxic. DRG neurons were photothermally stimulated using Ti3C2Tx films and flakes with as low as tens of microjoules per pulse incident energy (635 nm, 2 μJ for film, 18 μJ for flake) with subcellular targeting resolution. Ti3C2Tx's straightforward and large-scale synthesis allows translation of the reported photothermal stimulation approach in multiple scales, thus presenting a powerful tool for modulating electrophysiology from single-cell to additive manufacturing of engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Raghav Garg
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jane E. Hartung
- Department
of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Adam Goad
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dipna A. Patel
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department
of Neurology, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physical
Medicine & Rehabilitation, and Center for Neuroengineering and
Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael S. Gold
- Department
of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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35
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Abstract
Bioelectronics explores the use of electronic devices for applications in signal transduction at their interfaces with biological systems. The miniaturization of the bioelectronic systems has enabled seamless integration at these interfaces and is providing new scientific and technological opportunities. In particular, nanowire-based devices can yield smaller sized and unique geometry detectors that are difficult to access with standard techniques, and thereby can provide advantages in sensitivity with reduced invasiveness. In this review, we focus on nanowire-enabled bioelectronics. First, we provide an overview of synthetic studies for designed growth of semiconductor nanowires of which structure and composition are controlled to enable key elements for bioelectronic devices. Second, we review nanowire field-effect transistor sensors for highly sensitive detection of biomolecules, their applications in diagnosis and drug discovery, and methods for sensitivity enhancement. We then turn to recent progress in nanowire-enabled studies of electrogenic cells, including cardiomyocytes and neurons. Representative advances in electrical recording using nanowire electronic devices for single cell measurements, cell network mapping, and three-dimensional recordings of synthetic and natural tissues, and in vivo brain mapping are highlighted. Finally, we overview the key challenges and opportunities of nanowires for fundamental research and translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Charles M Lieber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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36
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Dipalo M, Rastogi SK, Matino L, Garg R, Bliley J, Iachetta G, Melle G, Shrestha R, Shen S, Santoro F, Feinberg AW, Barbaglia A, Cohen-Karni T, De Angelis F. Intracellular action potential recordings from cardiomyocytes by ultrafast pulsed laser irradiation of fuzzy graphene microelectrodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/15/eabd5175. [PMID: 33827809 PMCID: PMC8026128 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd5175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene with its unique electrical properties is a promising candidate for carbon-based biosensors such as microelectrodes and field effect transistors. Recently, graphene biosensors were successfully used for extracellular recording of action potentials in electrogenic cells; however, intracellular recordings remain beyond their current capabilities because of the lack of an efficient cell poration method. Here, we present a microelectrode platform consisting of out-of-plane grown three-dimensional fuzzy graphene (3DFG) that enables recording of intracellular cardiac action potentials with high signal-to-noise ratio. We exploit the generation of hot carriers by ultrafast pulsed laser for porating the cell membrane and creating an intimate contact between the 3DFG electrodes and the intracellular domain. This approach enables us to detect the effects of drugs on the action potential shape of human-derived cardiomyocytes. The 3DFG electrodes combined with laser poration may be used for all-carbon intracellular microelectrode arrays to allow monitoring of the cellular electrophysiological state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahil K Rastogi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Laura Matino
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples 80125, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e delle Produzioni Industriali, DICMAPI, Università 'Federico II', Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Raghav Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bliley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | | | - Ramesh Shrestha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Adam W Feinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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37
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Yang Y, Mansfeld FM, Kavallaris M, Gaus K, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. Monitoring the heterogeneity in single cell responses to drugs using electrochemical impedance and electrochemical noise. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2558-2566. [PMID: 34164023 PMCID: PMC8179273 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05489e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Impedance spectroscopy is a widely used technique for monitoring cell-surface interactions and morphological changes, typically based on averaged signals from thousands of cells. However, acquiring impedance data at the single cell level, can potentially reveal cell-to-cell heterogeneity for example in response to chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin. Here, we present a generic platform where light is used to define and localize the electroactive area, thus enabling the impedance measurements for selected single cells. We firstly tested the platform to assess phenotypic changes in breast cancer cells, at the single cell level, using the change in the cell impedance. We next show that changes in electrochemical noise reflects instantaneous responses of the cells to drugs, prior to any phenotypical changes. We used doxorubicin and monensin as model drugs and found that both drug influx and efflux events affect the impedance noise signals. Finally, we show how the electrochemical noise signal can be combined with fluorescence microscopy, to show that the noise provides information on cell susceptibility and resistance to drugs at the single cell level. Together the combination of electrochemical impedance and electrochemical noise with fluorescence microscopy provides a unique approach to understanding the heterogeneity in the response of single cells to stimuli where there is not phenotypic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Friederike M Mansfeld
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Melbourne VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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38
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Cai X, Prominski A, Lin Y, Ankenbruck N, Rosenberg J, Chen M, Shi J, Chang EB, Penaloza-MacMaster P, Tian B, Huang J. A Neutralizing Antibody-Conjugated Photothermal Nanoparticle Captures and Inactivates SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.11.30.404624. [PMID: 33269351 PMCID: PMC7709173 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.30.404624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global pandemic. Despite intensive research including several clinical trials, currently there are no completely safe or effective therapeutics to cure the disease. Here we report a strategy incorporating neutralizing antibodies conjugated on the surface of a photothermal nanoparticle to actively capture and inactivate SARS-CoV-2. The photothermal nanoparticle is comprised of a semiconducting polymer core and a biocompatible polyethylene glycol surface decorated with neutralizing antibodies. Such nanoparticles displayed efficient capture of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses, excellent photothermal effect, and complete inhibition of viral entry into ACE2-expressing host cells via simultaneous blocking and inactivating of the virus. This photothermal nanoparticle is a flexible platform that can be readily adapted to other SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and extended to novel therapeutic proteins, thus providing a broad range of protection against multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2.
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39
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann EN, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020. [PMID: 32672777 DOI: 10.1039/d1030cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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40
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann E, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7978-8035. [PMID: 32672777 PMCID: PMC7674226 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Erik Schaumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Seebald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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41
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Prominski A, Tian B. Quiet Brainstorming: Expecting the Unexpected. MATTER 2020; 3:594-597. [PMID: 32895646 PMCID: PMC7467102 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown has given us time to reconsider some of the approaches we use for generating research ideas. We propose a set of three critical "E" processes-extract, expose, and evaluate-for an individual researcher to replicate team brainstorming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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42
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Srivastava SB, Melikov R, Yildiz E, Han M, Sahin A, Nizamoglu S. Efficient photocapacitors via ternary hybrid photovoltaic optimization for photostimulation of neurons. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5237-5248. [PMID: 33014611 PMCID: PMC7510852 DOI: 10.1364/boe.396068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic photoelectrodes based on capacitive charge-transfer offer an attractive route to develop safe and effective neuromodulators. Here, we demonstrate efficient optoelectronic photoelectrodes that are based on the incorporation of quantum dots (QDs) into poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and [6,6]-Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction. We control the performance of the photoelectrode by the blend ratio, thickness, and nanomorphology of the ternary bulk heterojunction. The optimization led to a photocapacitor that has a photovoltage of 450 mV under a light intensity level of 20 mW.cm-2 and a responsivity of 99 mA/W corresponding to the most light-sensitive organic photoelectrode reported to date. The photocapacitor can facilitate action potential generation by hippocampal neurons via burst waveforms at an intensity level of 20 mW.cm-2. Therefore, the results point to an alternative direction in the engineering of safe and ultra-light-sensitive neural interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rustamzhon Melikov
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Erdost Yildiz
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mertcan Han
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Afsun Sahin
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sedat Nizamoglu
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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43
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Abstract
Modulation of cellular electrophysiology helps develop an understanding of cellular development and function in healthy and diseased states. We modulate the electrophysiology of neuronal cells in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D assemblies with subcellular precision via photothermal stimulation using a multiscale fuzzy graphene nanostructure. Nanowire (NW)-templated 3D fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG) nanostructures enable remote, nongenetic photothermal stimulation with laser energies as low as subhundred nanojoules without generating cellular stress. NT-3DFG serves as a powerful toolset for studies of cell signaling within and between in vitro 3D models (human-based organoids and spheroids) and can enable therapeutic interventions. The ability to modulate cellular electrophysiology is fundamental to the investigation of development, function, and disease. Currently, there is a need for remote, nongenetic, light-induced control of cellular activity in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) platforms. Here, we report a breakthrough hybrid nanomaterial for remote, nongenetic, photothermal stimulation of 2D and 3D neural cellular systems. We combine one-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) and 2D graphene flakes grown out-of-plane for highly controlled photothermal stimulation at subcellular precision without the need for genetic modification, with laser energies lower than a hundred nanojoules, one to two orders of magnitude lower than Au-, C-, and Si-based nanomaterials. Photothermal stimulation using NW-templated 3D fuzzy graphene (NT-3DFG) is flexible due to its broadband absorption and does not generate cellular stress. Therefore, it serves as a powerful toolset for studies of cell signaling within and between tissues and can enable therapeutic interventions.
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44
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Ðerek V, Rand D, Migliaccio L, Hanein Y, Głowacki ED. Untangling Photofaradaic and Photocapacitive Effects in Organic Optoelectronic Stimulation Devices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:284. [PMID: 32363183 PMCID: PMC7180391 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Light, as a versatile and non-invasive means to elicit a physiological response, offers solutions to problems in basic research as well as in biomedical technologies. The complexity and limitations of optogenetic methods motivate research and development of optoelectronic alternatives. A recently growing subset of approaches relies on organic semiconductors as the active light absorber. Organic semiconductors stand out due to their high optical absorbance coefficients, mechanical flexibility, ability to operate in a wet environment, and potential biocompatibility. They could enable ultrathin and minimally invasive form factors not accessible with traditional inorganic materials. Organic semiconductors, upon photoexcitation in an aqueous medium, can transduce light into (1) photothermal heating, (2) photochemical/photocatalytic redox reactions, (3) photocapacitive charging of electrolytic double layers, and (4) photofaradaic reactions. In realistic conditions, different effects may coexist, and understanding their role in observed physiological phenomena is an area of critical interest. This article serves to evaluate the emerging picture of photofaradaic vs. photocapacitive effects in the context of our group’s research efforts and that of others over the past few years. We present simple experiments which can be used to benchmark organic optoelectronic stimulation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Ðerek
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Rand
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ludovico Migliaccio
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yael Hanein
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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45
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Gao X, Jiang Y, Lin Y, Kim KH, Fang Y, Yi J, Meng L, Lee HC, Lu Z, Leddy O, Zhang R, Tu Q, Feng W, Nair V, Griffin PJ, Shi F, Shekhawat GS, Dinner AR, Park HG, Tian B. Structured silicon for revealing transient and integrated signal transductions in microbial systems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay2760. [PMID: 32110728 PMCID: PMC7021504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial response to transient physical stress is critical to their homeostasis and survival in the dynamic natural environment. Because of the lack of biophysical tools capable of delivering precise and localized physical perturbations to a bacterial community, the underlying mechanism of microbial signal transduction has remained unexplored. Here, we developed multiscale and structured silicon (Si) materials as nongenetic optical transducers capable of modulating the activities of both single bacterial cells and biofilms at high spatiotemporal resolution. Upon optical stimulation, we capture a previously unidentified form of rapid, photothermal gradient-dependent, intercellular calcium signaling within the biofilm. We also found an unexpected coupling between calcium dynamics and biofilm mechanics, which could be of importance for biofilm resistance. Our results suggest that functional integration of Si materials and bacteria, and associated control of signal transduction, may lead to hybrid living matter toward future synthetic biology and adaptable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuanwen Jiang
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yiliang Lin
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin Fang
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jaeseok Yi
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hoo-Cheol Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiyue Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen Leddy
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Wei Feng
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Vishnu Nair
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Philip J. Griffin
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fengyuan Shi
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Gajendra S. Shekhawat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Aaron R. Dinner
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hong-Gyu Park
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
| | - Bozhi Tian
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author. (B.T.); (H.-G.P.); (X.G.)
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46
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Sun X, Zhang T, Yu L, Xu L, Wang J. Three-dimensional a-Si/a-Ge radial heterojunction near-infrared photovoltaic detector. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19752. [PMID: 31875005 PMCID: PMC6930292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56374-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, three-dimensional (3D) radial heterojunction photodetectors (PD) were constructed over vertical crystalline Si nanowires (SiNWs), with stacked hydrogenated amorphous germanium (a-Ge:H)/a-Si:H thin film layer as absorbers. The hetero absorber layer is designed to benefit from the type-II band alignment at the a-Ge/a-Si hetero-interface, which could help to enable an automated photo-carrier separation without exterior power supply. By inserting a carefully controlled a-Si passivation layer between the a-Ge:H layer and the p-type SiNWs, we demonstrate first a convenient fabrication of a new hetero a-Ge/a-Si structure operating as self-powered photodetectors (PD) in the near-infrared (NIR) range up to 900 nm, indicating a potential to serve as low cost, flexible and high performance radial junction sensing units for NIR imaging and PD applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Institute of Electronics Information Engineering, Sanjiang University, Nanjing, 210012, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Linwei Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ling Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Junzhuan Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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