1
|
Greenberg RN, Schmidt D, Reichhardt D, Roesch S, Vidojkovic S, Maclennan J, Chen LM, Gruenert R, Kreusel C, Weidenthaler H, Meyer TP, Chaplin PJ. Equivalence of freeze-dried and liquid-frozen formulations of MVA-BN as smallpox and mpox vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2384189. [PMID: 39171509 PMCID: PMC11346558 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2384189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Modified Vaccinia Ankara Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) as a smallpox and mpox vaccine has been approved in its liquid-frozen (LF) formulation in the US, Canada, and EU. A freeze-dried (FD) formulation may offer additional benefits, such as a longer shelf life and reduced dependence on cold chain storage and transport. In a phase 2 clinical trial, 651 vaccinia-naïve participants were vaccinated with two doses of MVA-BN LF or FD, 4 weeks apart. The objectives were to compare MVA-BN FD with LF in terms of vaccine-induced immune responses, safety, and reactogenicity. Non-inferiority of the immune response was assessed by the 95% CI of the geometric mean ratios. Both formulations induced robust vaccinia-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. At peak humoral responses (Week 6), geometric means of total antibody titers were 1096 (95% CI 1013, 1186) from the FD group and 877 (95% CI 804, 956) from the LF group, achieving the primary endpoint of non-inferiority of MVA-BN FD compared to MVA-BN LF. At peak cellular responses (Week 2), geometric means of T cell spot forming units were 449 (95% CI 341, 590) from the FD group and 316 (95% CI 234, 427) from the LF group. Both formulations of MVA-BN were well tolerated, with similar unsolicited AEs and solicited systemic reactions in both groups but slightly more local reactions in the FD group. No vaccine-related serious adverse events (SAEs) or vaccine-related AE of special interest were reported. The FD formulation of MVA-BN was shown to be equivalent to MVA-BN LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard N. Greenberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Darja Schmidt
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Sanja Vidojkovic
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jane Maclennan
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Liddy M. Chen
- Clinical Biometrics, Bavarian Nordic Inc, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Gruenert
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Kreusel
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinz Weidenthaler
- Clinical Testing, Quality Control Munich, Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas P.H. Meyer
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun H, Miao Y, Yang X, Guo L, Li Q, Wang J, Long J, Zhang Z, Shi J, Li J, Cao Y, Yu C, Mai J, Rong Z, Feng J, Wang S, Yang J, Wang S. Rapid identification of A29L antibodies based on mRNA immunization and high-throughput single B cell sequencing to detect Monkeypox virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2332665. [PMID: 38517731 PMCID: PMC10984235 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2332665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
With the large number of atypical cases in the mpox outbreak, which was classified as a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 23 July 2022, rapid diagnosis of mpox and diseases with similar symptoms to mpox such as chickenpox and respiratory infectious diseases in the early stages of viral infection is key to controlling the spread of the outbreak. In this study, antibodies against the monkeypox virus A29L protein were efficiently and rapidly identified by combining rapid mRNA immunization with high-throughput sequencing of individual B cells. We obtained eight antibodies with a high affinity for A29L validated by ELISA, which were was used as the basis for developing an ultrasensitive fluorescent immunochromatographic assay based on multilayer quantum dot nanobeads (SiTQD-ICA). The SiTQD-ICA biosensor utilizing M53 and M78 antibodies showed high sensitivity and stability of detection: A29L was detected within 20 min, with a minimum detection limit of 5 pg/mL. A specificity test showed that the method was non-cross-reactive with chickenpox or common respiratory pathogens and can be used for early and rapid diagnosis of monkeypox virus infection by antigen detection. This antibody identification method can also be used for rapid acquisition of monoclonal antibodies in early outbreaks of other infectious diseases for various studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huisheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqi Miao
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingsheng Yang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Guo
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Li
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Long
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Shi
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Cao
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxiao Yu
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jierui Mai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Rong
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanashat M, Altobaishat O, Sharaf A, Hossam El Din Moawad M, Al-Jafari M, Nashwan AJ. Assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the world's population towards monkeypox and its vaccines: A systematic review and descriptive analysis of cross-sectional studies. Vaccine X 2024; 20:100527. [PMID: 39221181 PMCID: PMC11363835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prevention and treatment of the monkeypox virus (Mpox) remain challenging in areas where it is endemic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collect this information from various studies in one study to give a comprehensive view of people's opinions, fears, and behaviors about this virus. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for descriptive cross-sectional study designs conducted in 2022 and 2023 addressing knowledge, attitude, perception, preparedness, willingness to get vaccinated, and practices against Mpox infection. Results Among the included studies, 16 studies assessed the level of knowledge of study participants regarding Mpox with a total of 9066 participants. Among them, 4222 (46.6 %) were reported to have good knowledge, and 4844 (53.4%) were reported to have poor knowledge about Mpox. Regarding willingness to get vaccinated against Mpox, 14 studies with a total of 10,696 participants were included. Among them, 7006 (65 %) were willing to get vaccinated while 3690 (35 %) weren't willing to be vaccinated. Conclusion Knowledge about Mpox should be increased and awareness should be spread regarding the importance of preventive measures such as vaccination to protect the population from another COVID-19-like pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Obieda Altobaishat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdulrahman Sharaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospital, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghosn J, Assoumou L, Ouattara M, Rubenstein E, Pialoux G, Katlama C, Surgers L, Duvivier C, Pavie J, Viard JP, Algarte-Genin M, Gibowski S, Ollivier M, Costagliola D, Molina JM. Impact of vaccination with third generation modified vaccinia Ankara and sexual behaviour on mpox incidence in men who have sex with men: analysis among participants of the ANRS-174 DOXYVAC trial. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 45:101020. [PMID: 39188858 PMCID: PMC11345388 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Mpox was first reported in France on May 19 and third-generation live Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA-BN) vaccination of multiple-partner men who have sex with men (MSM) was recommended as of July 11, 2022. We assessed the impact of vaccination and of sexual behavior adopted during the epidemic period on mpox incidence in the ANRS-174-DOXYVAC trial enrolling MSM on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with history of sexually-transmitted infections (STI) in the previous year. Methods We compared pre-epidemic socio-behavioral characteristics and change in sexual behaviors after the onset of the epidemic of participants with mpox and mpox-free. Then we compared incidence rates of mpox per 1000 person-months (p-m) between May 9-July 10 (before vaccination of MSM, period-1) and July 11-September 20 2022 (after vaccination launch, period-2) and explored factors explaining the period effect using Poisson regression model. Findings 472 MSM had data before and after May 9, 2022. Twenty percent had received smallpox vaccine during childhood. Mpox occurred in 77/472 participants (incidence 49.3 per 1000 p-m (95% CI 38.9-61.6)). MVA-BN vaccination roll-out was rapid, with 86% (341/398) of eligible participants having received at least one dose by September 20, 2022. Sexual behavior significantly changed before and after May 9, with a decrease in the proportion of mpox-free participants with >10 partners during last 3 months (45% vs 38%, p = 0.0035). Mpox incidence was 67.4 per 1000 p-m (95% CI 51.6-86.6) in period-1, and 24.4 per 1000 p-m (95% CI 13.9-39.6) in period-2, with an incidence rate ratio of 0.36 (95% CI 0.21-0.63). In multivariable Poisson regression model, only MVA-BN vaccination in 2022 remained significantly associated with mpox incidence, with a 99% risk reduction (95% CI 96.6-99.7). Interpretation In MSM on PrEP enrolled in the ANRS-174-DOXYVAC trial, rapid roll-out of MVA-BN vaccination was associated with a strong reduction in mpox incidence. Funding ANRS Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes (ANRS/MIE).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ghosn
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris.Nord, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Paris F75018, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMRS 1137 IAME, Paris F75018, France
| | - Lambert Assoumou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
| | - Moussa Ouattara
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
| | - Emma Rubenstein
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris F75010, France
| | - Gilles Pialoux
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Tenon, Paris F75020, France
| | - Christine Katlama
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F75013, France
| | - Laure Surgers
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris F75012, France
| | - Claudine Duvivier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Necker Hospital, Infectious Diseases Department, Necker-Pasteur Infectiology Center, Paris F75015, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Pavie
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Unité de Thérapeutique en Immuno-Infectiologie, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris F75004, France
| | - Jean-Paul Viard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Unité de Thérapeutique en Immuno-Infectiologie, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris F75004, France
| | - Michèle Algarte-Genin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
| | - Severine Gibowski
- Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les Hépatites virales – Maladies Infectieuses et Émergentes (ANRS-MIE), Paris F75015, France
| | - Manon Ollivier
- Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les Hépatites virales – Maladies Infectieuses et Émergentes (ANRS-MIE), Paris F75015, France
| | - Dominique Costagliola
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris F75012, France
| | - Jean-Michel Molina
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris F75010, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 944, Paris F75010, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Djuicy DD, Bilounga CN, Esso L, Mouiche MMM, Yonga MGW, Essima GD, Nguidjol IME, Anya PJA, Dibongue EBN, Etoundi AGM, Eyangoh SI, Kazanji M, Njouom R. Evaluation of the mpox surveillance system in Cameroon from 2018 to 2022: a laboratory cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:949. [PMID: 39256651 PMCID: PMC11385501 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formal assessment of a surveillance system's features and its ability to achieve objectives is crucial for disease control and prevention. Since the implementation of the mpox surveillance system in Cameroon, no evaluation has been conducted. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we assessed the performance of the mpox surveillance system in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. We collected mpox surveillance data from 2018 to 2022 and conducted a survey with key stakeholders of the surveillance program. The survey results were summarized. The rates of complete reporting and mpox detection, as well as the time lag between the different stages of surveillance were analyzed using R version 4.1. RESULTS The mpox detection rate was 21.6% (29/134) over the five years under review. Surveillance indicators revealed that a combination of sample types, including vesicles, crust, and blood, was associated with higher case confirmation. Overall, the mpox surveillance system was effective. Weaknesses in terms of simplicity were identified. Most components of the assessed system failed to meet the timeliness and data quality goals, except for the laboratory component, which was commendable. The lack of a computerized shared database and the system's non-sustainability were a course of concern. CONCLUSIONS Despite all identified bottlenecks in the mpox surveillance system in Cameroon, it was found to meet it stipulated goals. Recommendations are made for training on surveillance system features, particularly at the facility/field level. Therefore, there is a crucial need to globally improve the mpox surveillance system in Cameroon for better disease control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Delia Djuicy
- Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, 451 Rue 2005, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Chanceline Ndongo Bilounga
- Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics (DLMEP), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Linda Esso
- Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics (DLMEP), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Moctar Mohamed Moulioum Mouiche
- USAID's Infectious Disease Detection and Surveillance (IDDS) Program, ICF, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | | | - Gael Dieudonné Essima
- Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, 451 Rue 2005, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Inès Manda Emah Nguidjol
- Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics (DLMEP), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pricilla Josephine Ambany Anya
- Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics (DLMEP), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- USAID's Infectious Disease Detection and Surveillance (IDDS) Program, ICF, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Betsi Noma Dibongue
- National Program for the Fighting Against Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonosis (PNLZER), Prime Ministry Office, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Alain Georges Mballa Etoundi
- Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics (DLMEP), Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Sara Irène Eyangoh
- Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, 451 Rue 2005, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mirdad Kazanji
- Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, 451 Rue 2005, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Richard Njouom
- Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, 451 Rue 2005, P. O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Musuka G, Moyo E, Tungwarara N, Mhango M, Pierre G, Saramba E, Iradukunda PG, Dzinamarira T. A critical review of mpox outbreaks, risk factors, and prevention efforts in Africa: lessons learned and evolving practices. IJID REGIONS 2024; 12:100402. [PMID: 39157420 PMCID: PMC11326932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, mpox, a zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus, has transcended its primary association with Central and West Africa, emerging as a global public health concern. The virus poses a substantial threat, particularly, to vulnerable demographics such as young children and individuals with compromised immune systems. This critical literature review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the burden, risk factors, and current management strategies associated with mpox in Africa. Methods This critical literature review was guided by Jesson & Laccy's guidelines on conducting critical literature reviews. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases and websites of the World Health Organization and health ministries in different African countries. We included articles written in English and published between 2010 and 2023. The synthesis of findings involved several steps, including summarizing themes, integrating themes, and linking themes to research questions. Results A total of 25 articles were included in this review. The review revealed that mpox cases are concentrated in Central African countries. The risk factors for mpox identified include being in contact with bushmeat or rodents, not having been vaccinated against smallpox, being HIV-positive, and having close physical contact with someone with the disease. The clinical presentation of mpox revealed in this review includes a skin rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, headache, pruritus, sore throat, and body aches. Four themes arose on strategies to prevent and control mpox in Africa. Conclusions The prevention and control of mpox in Africa require an improvement in community education, vaccination, disease surveillance, and infection control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Musuka
- Innovative Public Health and Development Solutions, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Enos Moyo
- University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan X, Li Z, Cao C, Huang L, Li Y, Meng X, Zhang B, Yu M, Huang T, Chen J, Li W, Hao L, Huang D, Yi B, Zhang M, Zha S, Yang H, Yao J, Qian P, Leung CK, Fan H, Jiang P, Shui T. Characteristics, Influence, Prevention, and Control Measures of the Mpox Infodemic: Scoping Review of Infodemiology Studies. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e54874. [PMID: 39213025 PMCID: PMC11399743 DOI: 10.2196/54874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mpox pandemic has caused widespread public concern around the world. The spread of misinformation through the internet and social media could lead to an infodemic that poses challenges to mpox control. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize mpox-related infodemiology studies to determine the characteristics, influence, prevention, and control measures of the mpox infodemic and propose prospects for future research. METHODS The scoping review was conducted based on a structured 5-step methodological framework. A comprehensive search for mpox-related infodemiology studies was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, with searches completed by April 30, 2024. After study selection and data extraction, the main topics of the mpox infodemic were categorized and summarized in 4 aspects, including a trend analysis of online information search volume, content topics of mpox-related online posts and comments, emotional and sentiment characteristics of online content, and prevention and control measures for the mpox infodemic. RESULTS A total of 1607 articles were retrieved from the databases according to the keywords, and 61 studies were included in the final analysis. After the World Health Organization's declaration of an mpox public health emergency of international concern in July 2022, the number of related studies began growing rapidly. Google was the most widely used search engine platform (9/61, 15%), and Twitter was the most used social media app (32/61, 52%) for researchers. Researchers from 33 countries were concerned about mpox infodemic-related topics. Among them, the top 3 countries for article publication were the United States (27 studies), India (9 studies), and the United Kingdom (7 studies). Studies of online information search trends showed that mpox-related online search volume skyrocketed at the beginning of the mpox outbreak, especially when the World Health Organization provided important declarations. There was a large amount of misinformation with negative sentiment and discriminatory and hostile content against gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Given the characteristics of the mpox infodemic, the studies provided several positive prevention and control measures, including the timely and active publishing of professional, high-quality, and easy-to-understand information online; strengthening surveillance and early warning for the infodemic based on internet data; and taking measures to protect key populations from the harm of the mpox infodemic. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive summary of evidence from previous mpox infodemiology studies is valuable for understanding the characteristics of the mpox infodemic and for formulating prevention and control measures. It is essential for researchers and policy makers to establish prediction and early warning approaches and targeted intervention methods for dealing with the mpox infodemic in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XiangYu Yan
- School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxia Cao
- School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Longxin Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangbin Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Maohe Yu
- Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Tian Huang
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Jiancheng Chen
- Xiamen Peiyang BCI & Smart Health Innovation Research Institution, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Linhui Hao
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Baoshan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoshan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Lincang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lincang, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Shun Zha
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Yao
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pengjiang Qian
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chun Kai Leung
- Department of Public and International Affairs, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Haojun Fan
- School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Department of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tiejun Shui
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang S, Wang F, Peng Y, Gong X, Fan G, Lin Y, Yang L, Shen L, Niu S, Liu J, Yin Y, Yuan J, Lu H, Liu Y, Yang Y. Evolutionary trajectory and characteristics of Mpox virus in 2023 based on a large-scale genomic surveillance in Shenzhen, China. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7452. [PMID: 39198414 PMCID: PMC11358148 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The global epidemic of Mpox virus (MPXV) continues, and a local outbreak has occurred in Shenzhen city since June 2023. Herein, the evolutionary trajectory and characteristics of MPXV in 2023 were analyzed using 92 MPXV sequences from the Shenzhen outbreak and the available genomes from GISAID and GenBank databases. Phylogenetic tracing of the 92 MPXVs suggests that MPXVs in Shenzhen may have multiple sources of importation, and two main transmission chains have been established. The combination of phylogenetic relationships, epidemiological features, and mutation characteristics supports the emergence of a new lineage C.1.1. Together with the B.1 lineage diverging from the A.1 lineage, C.1.1 lineage diverging from the C.1 lineage may serve as another significant evolutionary events of MPXV. Moreover, increasing apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) related mutations, higher rate of missense mutations, and less mutations in the non-coding regions have been shown during MPXV evolution. Host regulation proteins of MPXV have accumulated considerable amino acid mutations since the B.1 lineage, and a lineage-defining APOBEC3-related mutation that disrupts the N2L gene encoding a viral innate immune modulator has been identified in the C.1.1 lineage. In summary, our study provides compelling evidence for the ongoing evolution of MPXV with specific features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuxiang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohua Gong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guohao Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanlong Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Shiyu Niu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiexiang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yingxia Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eze U, Okafor N, Ozota G, Nworie K, Asogwa C, Richard I, Ilochonwu AP, Ezeasor S, Okorie C, Ben-Umeh K, Ezeh A, Aboh M, Isah A. Assessment of the knowledge of healthcare workers on monkeypox in Nigeria. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2024; 19:Doc38. [PMID: 39224502 PMCID: PMC11367260 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Monkeypox, a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), poses a public health challenge in Nigeria. To effectively combat this disease, it is essential to assess the knowledge of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Nigeria concerning monkeypox outbreak. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey with 609 healthcare workers in Nigeria was conducted using a structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge of monkeypox. Data were coded and analyzed with Microsoft Excel and Python in Anaconda Jupyter Notebook. Results The majority of respondents (n=318, 52.2%) had good knowledge of MPXV but also had knowledge gaps regarding certain symptoms and disease similarities. Interestingly, respondents were completely unaware of the possibility of sexual transmission of the disease. However, they recognized the possible significant impact of monkeypox on the social and economic lifestyle of Nigerians (n=582, 95.6%, adjOR=21.181, 95% CI: 14.450-31.051). Respondents had mixed knowledge regarding the use of smallpox vaccines and antiviral agents for monkeypox prevention and treatment. Furthermore, a significant proportion (n=526, 86.4%, adjOR=0.159, 95% CI: 0.126-0.201) attributed the outbreak to bioterrorism. The logistic regression highlighted a strong influence of academic qualification, type of healthcare provider, years of experience, and geopolitical zone of practice, on monkeypox knowledge in Nigeria. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of continuous education for healthcare professionals in Nigeria to improve monkeypox outbreak management. Despite their moderate performance, there are knowledge gaps in critical areas among HCWs, necessitating further research to explore reasons and influencing factors for knowledge levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uche Eze
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Nnenna Okafor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Gerald Ozota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Kelechi Nworie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifeanyi Richard
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Ann-Pearl Ilochonwu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Ezeasor
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chineye Okorie
- Department of Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adaeze Ezeh
- Department of Community Medicine, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Mercy Aboh
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Abdulmuminu Isah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hashim HO, Al-Shuhaib JMB, Mohammed MK, Al-Shuhaib MBS. Targeting Monkeypox Virus Methyltransferase: Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds from Middle-Eastern Medicinal Plants. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01246-y. [PMID: 39097539 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox is an infectious disease resulting from the monkeypox virus, and its fatality rate varies depending on the virus clade and the location of the outbreak. In monkeypox virus, methyltransferase (MTase) plays a crucial role in modifying the cap structure of viral mRNA. This alteration assists the virus in evading the host's immune system, enhances viral protein synthesis, and ultimately enables successful infection and replication within host cells. Given the significance of MTase in viral infection and spread within the host, our study aimed to identify a natural inhibitor for this enzyme using docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. We collected a total of 12,971 natural compounds from 200 medicinal plants in the Middle East. After eliminating duplicate compounds, we had 5,749 unique ligand conformers, which we then subjected to high-throughput virtual screening against MTase. The most promising hits were further evaluated using the extra-precision (XP) tool. The affinity of these hits was also assessed by Prime-Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) tool. The analysis revealed that two standard controls (sinefungin and TO1119) and two Middle-Eastern compounds (folic acid and 1,2,4,6-tetragalloylglucose) exhibited the best XP docking scores. According to Prime MMGBSA calculations, the Middle-Eastern compounds showed higher affinities, with values of - 60.61 kcal/mol for 1,2,4,6-tetragalloylglucose and - 51.87 kcal/mol for folic acid, surpassing the controls (TO1119 at - 35.71 kcal/mol and sinefungin at - 31.51 kcal/mol). In the majority of Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, folic acid exhibited demonstrated greater stability than sinefungin. Further investigation revealed that folic acid occupied a critical position in the active site of MTase, which reduced its interaction with the mRNA substrate. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that folic acid is a highly promising natural compound for potential use in the cost-effective treatment of monkeypox virus. The identification of folic acid as a potential antiviral agent highlights the importance of nature in providing new therapeutic uses that have significant implications for global health, particularly in regions where monkeypox viral outbreaks are prevalent. However, it is essential to note that further wet-lab validations are necessary to confirm its efficacy for treatment in a medical context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayder O Hashim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Mudher K Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College of Medical Science, Amarah, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramírez-Soto MC, Arroyo-Hernández H. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of monkeypox among people with and without HIV in Peru: a national observational study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:102494. [PMID: 39024895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Latin America, Peru has the second highest number of cases of monkeypox (Mpox), of which more than 50 % are Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive. Here, we compared the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Mpox between people with and without HIV in Peru. METHODS We conducted a national retrospective study using data on confirmed cases of Mpox reported by the Peruvian National Surveillance System from 15 June 2022 to 31 December 2023. RESULTS A total of 3561 confirmed cases of Mpox were included. Of these, 2123 (60 %) patients were people living with HIV (PLWH), with increased odds for those aged 30 years or older, homosexual (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.58 [6.95-10.59], p<0.0001), bisexual (aOR=4.44 [3.46-5.69], p<0.0001), sex workers (aOR=2.24 [1.07-4.68], p=0.032), people with a history of syphilis (aOR=2.07 [1.66-2.58], p<0.001), and hospitalized (aOR=3.08 [2.03-4.68], p<0.001). PLWH were more likely to have proctitis (aOR=1.73 [1.26-2.37], p=0.001). The overall mortality was 20 of 3561 (0.56 %). Among PLWH and Mpox, more deaths occurred in hospitalized (p<0.001) and non-ART (p<0.001) individuals. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that HIV infection among Mpox cases in Peru is associated with high-risk sexual behaviour and a high likelihood of hospitalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugo Arroyo-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chakravarty N, Hemani D, Paravastu R, Ahmad Z, Palani SN, Arumugaswami V, Kumar A. Mpox Virus and its ocular surface manifestations. Ocul Surf 2024; 34:108-121. [PMID: 38972544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The Mpox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of human Mpox disease - a debilitating rash illness similar to smallpox. Although Clade I MPXV has remained endemic to West and Central Africa, Clade II MPXV has been responsible for many outbreaks worldwide. The most recent outbreak in 2022 resulted from the rapid spread of a new clade of MPXV, classified into Clade IIb - a distinct lineage from the previously circulating viral strains. The rapid spread and increased severity of Mpox disease by the Clade IIb strain have raised the serious public health imperative of better understanding the host and viral determinants during MPXV infection. In addition to typical skin rashes, including in the periorbital area, MPXV causes moderate to severe ophthalmic manifestations - most commonly, ocular surface complications (e.g., keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis). While ocular manifestations of Clade I Mpox within the Congo basin have been well-reported, global incidence trends of ocular Mpox cases by Clade IIb are still emerging. Given the demonstrated ability of all MPXV strains to auto-inoculate ocular tissue, alongside the enhanced transmissibility of the Clade IIb virus, there is an urgent need to elucidate the mechanisms by which MPXV causes ocular anomalies. In this review, we discuss the viral and genomic structures of MPXV, the epidemiology, and pathology of systemic and ocular Mpox, as well as potential prophylactic and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Darshi Hemani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramya Paravastu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sankara Naynar Palani
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dsouza L, Pant A, Pope B, Yang Z. Role of vaccinia virus growth factor in stimulating the mTORC1-CAD axis of the de novo pyrimidine pathway under different nutritional cues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601567. [PMID: 39005450 PMCID: PMC11245005 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Vaccinia virus (VACV), the prototype poxvirus, actively reprograms host cell metabolism upon infection. However, the nature and molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. Given the diverse nutritional exposures of cells in different physiological contexts, it is essential to understand how VACV may alter various metabolic pathways in different nutritional conditions. In this study, we established the importance of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in VACV infection. We elucidated the significance of vaccinia growth factor (VGF), a viral early protein and a homolog of cellular epidermal growth factor, in enabling VACV to phosphorylate the key enzyme CAD of the de novo pyrimidine pathway at serine 1859, a site known to positively regulate CAD activity. While nutrient-poor conditions typically inhibit mTORC1 activation, VACV activates CAD via mTORC1-S6K1 signaling axis, in conditions where glutamine and asparagine are absent. However, unlike its cellular homolog, epidermal growth factor (EGF), VGF peptide alone in the absence of VACV infection has minimal ability to activate CAD, suggestive of the involvement of other viral factor(s) and differential functions to EGF acquired during poxvirus evolution. Our research provides a foundation for understanding the regulation of a significant metabolic pathway, namely, de novo pyrimidine synthesis during VACV infection, shedding new light on viral regulation under distinct nutritional environments. This study not only has the potential to contribute to the advancement of antiviral treatments but also improve the development of VACV as an oncolytic agent and vaccine vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Dsouza
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Anil Pant
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Blake Pope
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang H, Li J, Jian Y, Yang T, Zhang J, Li J. Expression, purification, and crystal structure of mpox virus A41 protein. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 219:106480. [PMID: 38588871 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Mpox is a zoonotic disease that was once endemic in Africa countries caused by mpox virus. However, cases recently have been confirmed in many non-endemic countries outside of Africa. The rapidly increasing number of confirmed mpox cases poses a threat to the international community. In-depth studies of key viral factors are urgently needed, which will inform the design of multiple antiviral agents. Mpox virus A41L gene encodes a secreted protein, A41, that is nonessential for viral replication, but could affect the host response to infection via interacting with chemokines. Here, mpox virus A41 protein was expressed in Sf9 cells, and purified by affinity chromatography followed by gel filtration. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy showed that purified A41 binds a certain human chemokine CXCL8 with the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) being 1.22 × 10-6 M. The crystal structure of mpox virus A41 protein was solved at 1.92 Å. Structural analysis and comparison revealed that mpox virus A41 protein adopts a characteristic β-sheet topology, showing minor differences with that of vaccinia virus. These preliminary structural and functional studies of A41 protein from mpox virus will help us better understand its role in chemokine subversion, and contributing to the knowledge to viral chemokine binding proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haihai Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Juncheng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yuxin Jian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Jian Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ponce L, Linton NM, Toh WH, Cheng HY, Thompson RN, Akhmetzhanov AR, Dushoff J. Incubation Period and Serial Interval of Mpox in 2022 Global Outbreak Compared with Historical Estimates. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:1173-1181. [PMID: 38781950 PMCID: PMC11138990 DOI: 10.3201/eid3006.231095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding changes in the transmission dynamics of mpox requires comparing recent estimates of key epidemiologic parameters with historical data. We derived historical estimates for the incubation period and serial interval for mpox and contrasted them with pooled estimates from the 2022 outbreak. Our findings show the pooled mean infection-to-onset incubation period was 8.1 days for the 2022 outbreak and 8.2 days historically, indicating the incubation periods remained relatively consistent over time, despite a shift in the major mode of transmission. However, we estimated the onset-to-onset serial interval at 8.7 days using 2022 data, compared with 14.2 days using historical data. Although the reason for this shortening of the serial interval is unclear, it may be because of increased public health interventions or a shift in the mode of transmission. Recognizing such temporal shifts is essential for informed response strategies, and public health measures remain crucial for controlling mpox and similar future outbreaks.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bourner J, Redji Mbrenga FD, Malaka CN, Dunning J, Rojek A, Fandema E, Horby P, Boum Y, Nakouné E, Olliaro P. Expanded Access Programme for the use of tecovirimat for the treatment of monkeypox infection: A study protocol for an Expanded Access Programme. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0278957. [PMID: 38722986 PMCID: PMC11081255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease commonly reported in humans in parts of Central and West Africa. This protocol is for an Expanded Access Programme (EAP) to be implemented in the Central African Republic, where Clade I monkeypox virus diseases is primarily responsible for most monkeypox infections. The objective of the programme is to provide patients with confirmed monkeypox with access to tecovirimat, a novel antiviral targeting orthopoxviruses, and collect data on clinical and virological outcomes of patients to inform future research. METHODS The study will be conducted at participating hospitals in the Central African Republic. All patients who provide informed consent to enrol in the programme will receive tecovirimat. Patients will remain in hospital for the duration of treatment. Data on clinical signs and symptoms will be collected every day while the patient is hospitalised. Blood, throat and lesion samples will be collected at baseline and then on days 4, 8, 14 and 28. Patient outcomes will be assessed on Day 14 -end of treatment-and at Day 28. Adverse event and serious adverse event data will be collected from the point of consent until Day 28. DISCUSSION This EAP is the first protocolised treatment programme in Clade I MPXV. The data generated under this protocol aims to describe the use of tecovirimat for Clade I disease in a monkeypox endemic region of Central Africa. It is hoped that this data can inform the definition of outcome measures used in future research and contribute to the academic literature around the use of tecovirimat for the treatment of monkeypox. The EAP also aims to bolster research capacity in the region in order for robust randomised controlled trials to take place for monkeypox and other diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION {2a & 2b}: ISRCTN43307947.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Bourner
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christian Noël Malaka
- Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Jake Dunning
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Rojek
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Fandema
- Ministry of Health, Central African Republic, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Peter Horby
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yap Boum
- Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Emmanuel Nakouné
- Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Piero Olliaro
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu C, Cui L, Pan Y, Lv Z, Yao M, Wang W, Ye F, Huo W, Zhao L, Huang B, Zhu F, Lu R, Deng Y, Wang Q, Tan W. Characterization of whole genomes from recently emerging Mpox cases in several regions of China, 2023. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1079-1081. [PMID: 38051464 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lunbiao Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Ziquan Lv
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingxiao Yao
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fei Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Weibang Huo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Li Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Baoying Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology in Emerging Major Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Roujian Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yao Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China.
| | - Wenjie Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lira GS, Ota VA, Melo MQS, Castiñeiras ACP, Leitão IC, Silva BO, Mariani D, Gonçalves CCA, Ribeiro LJ, Halpern M, Abreu TF, Carneiro FA, Scheid HT, Souza LAV, Rodrigues DGM, Cruz NVG, Cony A, Carvalho S, de Lima LPO, Viala VL, Caldas LA, de Souza W, Higa LM, Voloch CM, Ferreira OC, Damaso CR, Galliez RM, Faffe DS, Tanuri A, Castiñeiras TMPP. Mpox outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A translational approach. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29621. [PMID: 38654686 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mpox is a zoonotic disease historically reported in Africa. Since 2003, limited outbreaks have occurred outside Africa. In 2022, the global spread of cases with sustained interhuman transmission and unusual disease features raised public health concerns. We explore the mpox outbreak in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state, Brazil, in an observational study of mpox-suspected cases from June to December 2022. Data collection relied on a public healthcare notification form. Diagnosis was determined by MPXV-PCR. In 46 confirmed cases, anti-OPXV IgG was determined by ELISA, and seven MPXV genomes were sequenced. A total of 3095 cases were included, 816 (26.3%) with positive MPXV-PCR results. Most positive cases were men in their 30 s and MSM. A total of 285 (34.9%) MPXV-PCR+ patients live with HIV. Eight were coinfected with varicella-zoster virus. Anogenital lesions and adenomegaly were associated with the diagnosis of mpox. Females and individuals under 18 represented 9.4% and 5.4% of all confirmed cases, respectively, showing higher PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values and fewer anogenital lesions compared to adult men. Anti-OPXV IgG was detected in 29/46 (63.0%) patients. All analyzed sequences belonged to clade IIb. In RJ state, mpox presented a diverse clinical picture, represented mainly by mild cases with low complication rates and prominent genital involvement. The incidence in females and children was higher than usually reported. The observation of a bimodal distribution of Ct values, with few positive results, may suggest the need to review the diagnostic criteria in these groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme S Lira
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Victor A Ota
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Mariana Q S Melo
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Anna C P Castiñeiras
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Isabela C Leitão
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Bianca O Silva
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Diana Mariani
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Cássia C A Gonçalves
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Liane J Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcia Halpern
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Thalita F Abreu
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Fabiana A Carneiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisas em Biologia-NUMPEX-BIO, Campus Duque de Caxias Geraldo Cidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Brasil
| | - Helena T Scheid
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Leonardo A V Souza
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Débora G M Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Nádia V G Cruz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Biodefesa, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Andrea Cony
- Laboratório Central Noel Nutes, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Silvia Carvalho
- Superintendência de Emergências Em Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Loyze P O de Lima
- Centro de Vigilância Genômica e Avaliação Sorológica CeVIVAS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Vincent L Viala
- Centro de Vigilância Genômica e Avaliação Sorológica CeVIVAS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lucio A Caldas
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisas em Biologia-NUMPEX-BIO, Campus Duque de Caxias Geraldo Cidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Brasil
| | - Wanderley de Souza
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (INBEB) and Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO)s, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Luiza M Higa
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Carolina M Voloch
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Orlando C Ferreira
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Clarissa R Damaso
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Rafael M Galliez
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Débora S Faffe
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Terezinha M P P Castiñeiras
- Núcleo de Enfrentamento e Estudos de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes e Reemergentes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Asif S, Zhao M, Li Y, Tang F, Zhu Y. CGO-ensemble: Chaos game optimization algorithm-based fusion of deep neural networks for accurate Mpox detection. Neural Netw 2024; 173:106183. [PMID: 38382397 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The rising global incidence of human Mpox cases necessitates prompt and accurate identification for effective disease control. Previous studies have predominantly delved into traditional ensemble methods for detection, we introduce a novel approach by leveraging a metaheuristic-based ensemble framework. In this research, we present an innovative CGO-Ensemble framework designed to elevate the accuracy of detecting Mpox infection in patients. Initially, we employ five transfer learning base models that integrate feature integration layers and residual blocks. These components play a crucial role in capturing significant features from the skin images, thereby enhancing the models' efficacy. In the next step, we employ a weighted averaging scheme to consolidate predictions generated by distinct models. To achieve the optimal allocation of weights for each base model in the ensemble process, we leverage the Chaos Game Optimization (CGO) algorithm. This strategic weight assignment enhances classification outcomes considerably, surpassing the performance of randomly assigned weights. Implementing this approach yields notably enhanced prediction accuracy compared to using individual models. We evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed approach through comprehensive experiments conducted on two widely recognized benchmark datasets: the Mpox Skin Lesion Dataset (MSLD) and the Mpox Skin Image Dataset (MSID). To gain insights into the decision-making process of the base models, we have performed Gradient Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) analysis. The experimental results showcase the outstanding performance of the CGO-ensemble, achieving an impressive accuracy of 100% on MSLD and 94.16% on MSID. Our approach significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, traditional ensemble methods, and existing techniques in the context of Mpox detection on these datasets. These findings underscore the effectiveness and superiority of the CGO-Ensemble in accurately identifying Mpox cases, highlighting its potential in disease detection and classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Asif
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yangfan Li
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Fengxiao Tang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yusen Zhu
- School of Mathematics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Y, Chen H, Lin K, Han Y, Gu Z, Wei H, Mu K, Wang D, Liu L, Jin R, Song R, Rong Z, Wang S. Ultrasensitive single-step CRISPR detection of monkeypox virus in minutes with a vest-pocket diagnostic device. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3279. [PMID: 38627378 PMCID: PMC11021474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The emerging monkeypox virus (MPXV) has raised global health concern, thereby highlighting the need for rapid, sensitive, and easy-to-use diagnostics. Here, we develop a single-step CRISPR-based diagnostic platform, termed SCOPE (Streamlined CRISPR On Pod Evaluation platform), for field-deployable ultrasensitive detection of MPXV in resource-limited settings. The viral nucleic acids are rapidly released from the rash fluid swab, oral swab, saliva, and urine samples in 2 min via a streamlined viral lysis protocol, followed by a 10-min single-step recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR/Cas13a reaction. A pod-shaped vest-pocket analysis device achieves the whole process for reaction execution, signal acquisition, and result interpretation. SCOPE can detect as low as 0.5 copies/µL (2.5 copies/reaction) of MPXV within 15 min from the sample input to the answer. We validate the developed assay on 102 clinical samples from male patients / volunteers, and the testing results are 100% concordant with the real-time PCR. SCOPE achieves a single-molecular level sensitivity in minutes with a simplified procedure performed on a miniaturized wireless device, which is expected to spur substantial progress to enable the practice application of CRISPR-based diagnostics techniques in a point-of-care setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Wang
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University, 100142, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Han
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixia Gu
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100015, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjuan Wei
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Mu
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfeng Wang
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100015, Beijing, China.
| | - Rui Song
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100015, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Rong
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China.
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, 100850, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Piparva KG, Fichadiya N, Joshi T, Malek S. Monkeypox: From Emerging Trends to Therapeutic Concerns. Cureus 2024; 16:e58866. [PMID: 38800170 PMCID: PMC11116278 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease. Monkeypox was first reported in humans about 54 years ago. Prior to the global outbreak, monkeypox was endemic to the rainforests of central and western African countries. In the last three years, increasing numbers of human monkeypox have been reported from various countries. Responding to the severity, monkeypox was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization. In the absence of approved drugs or clinical studies, repurposed drugs and therapeutic medical countermeasures effective against other orthopoxviruses have been utilized to treat severe human monkeypox cases. Currently, clinical trials are underway exploring the potential therapeutic effectiveness of tecovirimate in human monkeypox cases. Monoclonal antibodies, IFN-β, resveratrol, and 15 triple-targeting FDA-approved drugs represent potential new drug targets for human monkeypox, necessitating further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran G Piparva
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rajkot, Rajkot, IND
| | - Nilesh Fichadiya
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay (PDU) Government Medical College, Rajkot, IND
| | - Tejal Joshi
- Department of Microbiology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay (PDU) Government Medical College, Rajkot, IND
| | - Shahenaz Malek
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Surat, IND
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang CH, Song AL, Qiu Y, Ge XY. Cross-species transmission and host range genes in poxviruses. Virol Sin 2024; 39:177-193. [PMID: 38272237 PMCID: PMC11074647 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread of MPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and cause smallpox-like symptoms. MPXV belongs to the Poxviridae family, which has a relatively broad host range from arthropods to vertebrates. Cross-species transmission of poxviruses among different hosts has been frequently reported and resulted in numerous epidemics. Poxviruses have a complex linear double-strand DNA genome that encodes hundreds of proteins. Genes related to the host range of poxvirus are called host range genes (HRGs). This review briefly introduces the taxonomy, phylogeny and hosts of poxviruses, and then comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge about the cross-species transmission of poxviruses. In particular, the HRGs of poxvirus are described and their impacts on viral host range are discussed in depth. We hope that this review will provide a comprehensive perspective about the current progress of researches on cross-species transmission and HRG variation of poxviruses, serving as a valuable reference for academic studies and disease control in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - A-Ling Song
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China.
| | - Xing-Yi Ge
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sanchez Clemente N, Coles C, Paixao ES, Brickley EB, Whittaker E, Alfven T, Rulisa S, Agudelo Higuita N, Torpiano P, Agravat P, Thorley EV, Drysdale SB, Le Doare K, Muyembe Tamfum JJ. Paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e572-e588. [PMID: 38401556 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mpox has been detected in paediatric populations in central and west Africa for decades, evidence synthesis on paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox, and the use of vaccines and therapeutics in these groups, is lacking. A systematic review is therefore indicated to set the research agenda. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching articles in Embase, Global Health, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and WHO databases from inception to April 17, 2023. We included studies reporting primary data on at least one case of confirmed, suspected, or probable paediatric, maternal, or congenital mpox in humans or the use of third-generation smallpox or mpox vaccines, targeted antivirals, or immune therapies in at least one case in our population of interest. We included clinical trials and observational studies in humans and excluded reviews, commentaries, and grey literature. A pooled estimate of the paediatric case fatality ratio was obtained using random-effects meta-analysis. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD420223336648). FINDINGS Of the 61 studies, 53 reported paediatric outcomes (n=2123 cases), seven reported maternal or congenital outcomes (n=32 cases), two reported vaccine safety (n=28 recipients), and three reported transmission during breastfeeding (n=4 cases). While a subset of seven observational studies (21 children and 12 pregnant individuals) reported uneventful treatment with tecovirimat, there were no randomised trials reporting safety or efficacy for any therapeutic agent. Among children, the commonest clinical features included rash (86 [100%] of 86), fever (63 [73%] of 86), and lymphadenopathy (40 [47%] of 86). Among pregnant individuals, rash was reported in 23 (100%) of 23; fever and lymphadenopathy were less common (six [26%] and three [13%] of 23, respectively). Most paediatric complications (12 [60%] of 20) arose from secondary bacterial infections. The pooled paediatric case fatality ratio was 11% (95% CI 4-20), I2=75%. Data from 12 pregnancies showed half resulted in fetal death. Research on vaccine and immune globulin safety remains scarce for children and absent for pregnant individuals. INTERPRETATION Our review highlights critical knowledge gaps in the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of mpox in children and pregnant individuals, especially those residing in endemic countries. Increased funding, international collaboration, and equitable research is needed to inform mpox control strategies tailored for at-risk communities in endemic countries. FUNDING None. TRANSLATIONS For the French, Spanish and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Sanchez Clemente
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK; Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Charlotte Coles
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Enny S Paixao
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Whittaker
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tobias Alfven
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen Rulisa
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda and University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Nelson Agudelo Higuita
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitología Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Paul Torpiano
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Health, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - Priyesh Agravat
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Emma V Thorley
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Simon B Drysdale
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK
| | - Kirsty Le Doare
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, St George's University, London, UK; Centre of Excellence in Maternal Vaccination, Makerere University, John Hopkins University, Kampala, Uganda; Pathogen Immunology Group, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brien SC, LeBreton M, Doty JB, Mauldin MR, Morgan CN, Pieracci EG, Ritter JM, Matheny A, Tafon BG, Tamoufe U, Missoup AD, Nwobegahay J, Takuo JM, Nkom F, Mouiche MMM, Feussom JMK, Wilkins K, Wade A, McCollum AM. Clinical Manifestations of an Outbreak of Monkeypox Virus in Captive Chimpanzees in Cameroon, 2016. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S275-S284. [PMID: 38164967 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a reemerging virus of global concern. An outbreak of clade I MPXV affected 20 captive chimpanzees in Cameroon in 2016. We describe the epidemiology, virology, phylogenetics, and clinical progression of this outbreak. Clinical signs included exanthema, facial swelling, perilaryngeal swelling, and eschar. Mpox can be lethal in captive chimpanzees, with death likely resulting from respiratory complications. We advise avoiding anesthesia in animals with respiratory signs to reduce the likelihood of death. This outbreak presented a risk to animal care staff. There is a need for increased awareness and a One Health approach to preparation for outbreaks in wildlife rescue centers in primate range states where MPXV occurs. Control measures should include quarantining affected animals, limiting human contacts, surveillance of humans and animals, use of personal protective equipment, and regular decontamination of enclosures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Brien
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, United Kingdom
- Ape Action Africa, Mefou Park, Cameroon
| | | | - Jeffrey B Doty
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew R Mauldin
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clint N Morgan
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily G Pieracci
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jana M Ritter
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Audrey Matheny
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Alain D Missoup
- Zoology Unit, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Moctar M M Mouiche
- Mosaic, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaounderé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Marc K Feussom
- Cameroon Epidemiological Network for Animal Diseases, Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kimberly Wilkins
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abel Wade
- National Veterinary Laboratory, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Andrea M McCollum
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ritter JM, Martines RB, Bhatnagar J, Rao AK, Villalba JA, Silva-Flannery L, Lee E, Bullock HA, Hutson CL, Cederroth T, Harris CK, Hord K, Xu Y, Brown CA, Guccione JP, Miller M, Paddock CD, Reagan-Steiner S. Pathology and Monkeypox virus Localization in Tissues From Immunocompromised Patients With Severe or Fatal Mpox. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S219-S228. [PMID: 38243606 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathology and Monkeypox virus (MPXV) tissue tropism in severe and fatal human mpox is not thoroughly described but can help elucidate the disease pathogenesis and the role of coinfections in immunocompromised patients. METHODS We analyzed biopsy and autopsy tissues from 22 patients with severe or fatal outcomes to characterize pathology and viral antigen and DNA distribution in tissues by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Tissue-based testing for coinfections was also performed. RESULTS Mucocutaneous lesions showed necrotizing and proliferative epithelial changes. Deceased patients with autopsy tissues evaluated had digestive tract lesions, and half had systemic tissue necrosis with thrombotic vasculopathy in lymphoid tissues, lung, or other solid organs. Half also had bronchopneumonia, and one-third had acute lung injury. All cases had MPXV antigen and DNA detected in tissues. Coinfections were identified in 5 of 16 (31%) biopsy and 4 of 6 (67%) autopsy cases. CONCLUSIONS Severe mpox in immunocompromised patients is characterized by extensive viral infection of tissues and viremic dissemination that can progress despite available therapeutics. Digestive tract and lung involvement are common and associated with prominent histopathological and clinical manifestations. Coinfections may complicate mpox diagnosis and treatment. Significant viral DNA (likely correlating to infectious virus) in tissues necessitates enhanced biosafety measures in healthcare and autopsy settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agam K Rao
- Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Lee
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | - Christina L Hutson
- Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Kristin Hord
- Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York City, New York
| | - Ya Xu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ben Taub Hospital, Harris Health System, Houston, Texas
| | - Cameron A Brown
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ben Taub Hospital, Harris Health System, Houston, Texas
| | - Jack P Guccione
- Department of Medical Examiner-Coroner, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew Miller
- Department of Medical Examiner-Coroner, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher D Paddock
- Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Brooks JT, Reynolds MG, Torrone E, McCollum A, Spicknall IH, Gigante CM, Li Y, Satheshkumar PS, Quilter LAS, Rao AK, O'Shea J, Guagliardo SAJ, Townsend M, Hutson CL. How the Orthodox Features of Orthopoxviruses Led to an Unorthodox Mpox Outbreak: What We've Learned, and What We Still Need to Understand. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S121-S131. [PMID: 37861379 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthopoxviruses have repeatedly confounded expectations in terms of the clinical illness they cause and their patterns of spread. Monkeypox virus (MPXV), originally characterized in the late 1950s during outbreaks among captive primates, has been recognized since the 1970s to cause human disease (mpox) in West and Central Africa, where interhuman transmission has largely been associated with nonsexual, close physical contact. In May 2022, a focus of MPXV transmission was detected, spreading among international networks of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. The outbreak grew in both size and geographic scope, testing the strength of preparedness tools and public health science alike. In this article we consider what was known about mpox before the 2022 outbreak, what we learned about mpox during the outbreak, and what continued research is needed to ensure that the global public health community can detect, and halt further spread of this disease threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John T Brooks
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary G Reynolds
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Torrone
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrea McCollum
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ian H Spicknall
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Crystal M Gigante
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Laura A S Quilter
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Agam K Rao
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jesse O'Shea
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Anne J Guagliardo
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael Townsend
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christina L Hutson
- Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aynalem ZB, Abate MD, Meseret F, Muhamed AN, Abebe GK, Adal AB, Wondmieneh A, Andualem A, Ademe S, Workye H, Bewket B, Beyene GA, Alene T, Tsega TD. Knowledge, Attitude and Associated Factors of Monkeypox Infection Among Healthcare Workers in Injibara General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1159-1173. [PMID: 38505654 PMCID: PMC10950085 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s454828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fighting health threats, especially the rise of new infectious diseases, is one of the main responsibilities of healthcare workers. However, their knowledge and attitudes toward monkeypox have not yet been assessed. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and factors associated with monkeypox infection among healthcare workers at Injibara General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1-30, 2022. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses were computed. The degree of association was interpreted using an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value < 0.05. Results Among the 200 healthcare workers who participated, 38.5% (95% CI: 32.5%-45%) and 62% (95% CI: 55-68.5%) had good knowledge and positive attitudes regarding monkeypox respectively. Having a master's degree or above (AOR = 11.25: 95% CI: 2.03-62.33), being vaccinated against COVID-19 (AOR = 2.60: 95% CI: 1.37-4.94), and having access to information about monkeypox (AOR = 3.37: 95% CI: 1.33-8.50) were the factors associated with good knowledge. Furthermore, a positive attitude was significantly associated with being 30 years of age or older (AOR = 2.95: 95% CI: 1.55-5.60) and having access to information about monkeypox (AOR = 4.14: 95% CI: 2.06, 8.30). Conclusion Both good knowledge and positive attitudes were relatively low among healthcare workers. Factors such as age, education level, COVID-19 vaccination status, and access to information about monkeypox were significantly associated with the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers. To enhance the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers, hospitals should consider offering educational upgrades, hosting educational events like seminars, conferences, webinars, and campaigns, and ensuring comprehensive coverage of the topic in medical curricula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Melsew Dagne Abate
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Fentahun Meseret
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Nuru Muhamed
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Bires Adal
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Adam Wondmieneh
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Atsedemariam Andualem
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Sewunet Ademe
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Haile Workye
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Bekalu Bewket
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Amare Beyene
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tamiru Alene
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Degu Tsega
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nka AD, Bouba Y, Fokam J, Ka'e AC, Gabisa JE, Mandeng N, Mfonkou DJT, Ambe CC, Mballa Mpouel ML, Djikeussi T, Tchounga BK, Ayuk Ngwese DT, Njume D, Mbala Nomo SE, Ngoufack Jagni Semengue E, Tiotsia Tsapi A, Fokou BB, Simo Kamdem IK, Tommo Tchouaket MC, Takou D, Pabo W, Sosso SM, Tandi E, Esso L, Etoundi Mballa GA, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek AC, Gregory Edie HE, Ndembi N, Colizzi V, Perno CF, Ndjolo A. Current knowledge of human Mpox viral infection among healthcare workers in Cameroon calls for capacity-strengthening for pandemic preparedness. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1288139. [PMID: 38532968 PMCID: PMC10963399 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1288139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increased incidence of human Monkeypox (Mpox) cases was recently observed worldwide, including in Cameroon. To ensure efficient preparedness and interventions in the health system, we sought to assess the knowledge of Mpox's transmission, prevention, and response among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among HCWs in Cameroon using 21-item questions adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US-CDC) standard questionnaire on Mpox. The overall knowledge of Mpox was assessed by cumulative score and categorized as excellent (≥80%, 17/21) or good (≥70%, ≥15/21) knowledge. The regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of Mpox knowledge. Results The survey enrolled 377 participants, but only responses from 342 participants were analyzed. Overall, 50.6% were female participants, and 59.6% aged 30 years or younger. The majority of the participants were medical doctors (50.3%); most worked in central-level hospitals (25.1%) and had 1-5 years of experience (70.7%). A total of up to 92.7% were aware of Mpox, with social media (58.7%) and radio/television (49.2%) as the main sources. The mean knowledge score was 14.0 ± 3.0 (4 to 20), with only 12.9% having excellent knowledge (≥80%) and 42.1% having good knowledge of Mpox. Younger age (26-30 years old) was associated with good knowledge, while workplace type was associated with excellent knowledge of Mpox (aOR [95% CI]: 4.01 [1.43-11.24]). Knowledge of treatment/management of Mpox was generally poor across the different professional categories. Conclusion Knowledge of Mpox among HCWs is substandard across different professionals. Thus, for optimal preparedness and immediate interventions for Mpox and similar emerging pathogens, capacity-strengthening programs should be organized for HCWs while encouraging scientific literature and organizational social media websites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Durand Nka
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Yagai Bouba
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- National AIDS Control Committee, Central Technical Group, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Fokam
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aude Christelle Ka'e
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeremiah Efakika Gabisa
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Fobang Institutes for Innovations in Science and Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Nadia Mandeng
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | | | - Chenwi Collins Ambe
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Laure Mballa Mpouel
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Tatiana Djikeussi
- Elisabeth Glaser Peadiatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF), Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Derrick Tambe Ayuk Ngwese
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Health Biotechnology, Fobang Institutes for Innovations in Science and Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Debimeh Njume
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Armand Tiotsia Tsapi
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Désiré Takou
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Willy Pabo
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Samuel Martin Sosso
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Erick Tandi
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Linda Esso
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Georges Alain Etoundi Mballa
- National Public Health Emergency Operations Coordination Centre, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics, and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Nicaise Ndembi
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Vittorio Colizzi
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
| | - Carlo-Federico Perno
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Microbiology, IRCSS Bambino Gesu' Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexis Ndjolo
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CIRCB) Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alakunle E, Kolawole D, Diaz-Cánova D, Alele F, Adegboye O, Moens U, Okeke MI. A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1360586. [PMID: 38510963 PMCID: PMC10952103 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV is endemic in the forested regions of West and Central Africa, but the virus has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks in multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review the characteristics of the virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, and evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that the B.1 lineage responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreaks has been in circulation since 2016. We interrogate the host-virus interactions that modulate the virus infection biology, signal transduction, pathogenesis, and host immune responses. We highlight the changing pathophysiology and epidemiology of MPXV and summarize recent advances in the prevention and treatment of mpox. In addition, this review identifies knowledge gaps with respect to the virus and the disease, suggests future research directions to address the knowledge gaps, and proposes a One Health approach as an effective strategy to prevent current and future epidemics of mpox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Alakunle
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Kolawole
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| | - Diana Diaz-Cánova
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Faith Alele
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, UIT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li B, Wang W, Zhao L, Li M, Yan D, Li X, Zhang J, Gao Q, Feng Y, Zheng J, Shu B, Yan Y, Wang J, Wang H, He L, Wu Y, Zhou S, Qin X, Chen W, Qiu K, Shen C, Wang D, Tang BZ, Liao Y. Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Macrophage-Like Nanoparticles for Targeted Photothermal Therapy and Virus Transmission Blockage in Monkeypox. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305378. [PMID: 37931029 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent prevalence of monkeypox has led to the declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Monkeypox lesions are typically ulcers or pustules (containing high titers of replication-competent virus) in the skin and mucous membranes, which allow monkeypox virus to transmit predominantly through intimate contact. Currently, effective clinical treatments for monkeypox are lacking, and strategies for blocking virus transmission are fraught with drawbacks. Herein, this work constructs a biomimetic nanotemplate (termed TBD@M NPs) with macrophage membranes as the coat and polymeric nanoparticles loading a versatile aggregation-induced emission featured photothermal molecule TPE-BT-DPTQ as the core. In a surrogate mouse model of monkeypox (vaccinia-virus-infected tail scarification model), intravenously injected TBD@M NPs show precise tracking and near-infrared region II fluorescence imaging of the lesions. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the virus is eliminated by the photothermal effect and the infected wound heals rapidly. More importantly, the inoculation of treated lesion tissue suspensions does not trigger tail infection or inflammatory activation in healthy mice, indicating successful blockage of virus transmission. This study demonstrates for the first time monkeypox theranostics using nanomedicine, and may bring a new insight into the development of a viable strategy for monkeypox management in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Mengjun Li
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Dingyuan Yan
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Qiuxia Gao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Judun Zheng
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Bowen Shu
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Jiamei Wang
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Lingjie He
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Sitong Zhou
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Xinchi Qin
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Kaizhen Qiu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Chenguang Shen
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuhui Liao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510091, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Duong MT, Tebas P, Ancha B, Baron J, Chary P, Isaacs SN, Szep Z. Combination of Extended Antivirals With Antiretrovirals for Severe Mpox in Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Case Series of 4 Patients. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae110. [PMID: 38486814 PMCID: PMC10939438 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
To gauge the safety and utility of extended tecovirimat/cidofovir for severe mpox, here we report our experience caring for 4 patients with mpox and advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the Hospitals of the University of Pennsylvania during the 2022 global outbreak. Three patients had recurrent courses complicated by superinfections, coinfections and insufficient nutrition/housing, requiring extended tecovirimat (5-16 weeks) and cidofovir (1-12 doses) with probenecid and fluids. At follow-up, patients had undetectable HIV RNA on antiretrovirals, improved ulcers and stable renal function on antivirals. Serology guided cessation for one 7-month cidofovir course. Overall findings support a comprehensive approach of prolonged tecovirimat/cidofovir with antiretrovirals for severe mpox, while addressing social factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Duong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pablo Tebas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bhavya Ancha
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jillian Baron
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pallavi Chary
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stuart N Isaacs
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zsofia Szep
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang S, Li YD, Cai YR, Kang XP, Feng Y, Li YC, Chen YH, Li J, Bao LL, Jiang T. Compositional features analysis by machine learning in genome represents linear adaptation of monkeypox virus. Front Genet 2024; 15:1361952. [PMID: 38495668 PMCID: PMC10940399 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1361952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The global headlines have been dominated by the sudden and widespread outbreak of monkeypox, a rare and endemic zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). Genomic composition based machine learning (ML) methods have recently shown promise in identifying host adaptability and evolutionary patterns of virus. Our study aimed to analyze the genomic characteristics and evolutionary patterns of MPXV using ML methods. Methods: The open reading frame (ORF) regions of full-length MPXV genomes were filtered and 165 ORFs were selected as clusters with the highest homology. Unsupervised machine learning methods of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering were performed to observe the DCR characteristics of the selected ORF clusters. Results: The results showed that MPXV sequences post-2022 showed an obvious linear adaptive evolution, indicating that it has become more adapted to the human host after accumulating mutations. For further accurate analysis, the ORF regions with larger variations were filtered out based on the ranking of homology difference to narrow down the key ORF clusters, which drew the same conclusion of linear adaptability. Then key differential protein structures were predicted by AlphaFold 2, which meant that difference in main domains might be one of the internal reasons for linear adaptive evolution. Discussion: Understanding the process of linear adaptation is critical in the constant evolutionary struggle between viruses and their hosts, playing a significant role in crafting effective measures to tackle viral diseases. Therefore, the present study provides valuable insights into the evolutionary patterns of the MPXV in 2022 from the perspective of genomic composition characteristics analysis through ML methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Dan Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Rong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of the First Clinical Medical, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Li Bao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang Y, Gong F, Shan X, Tan Z, Zhou F, Ji X, Xiang M, Wang F, He Z. Amplification-free detection of Mpox virus DNA using Cas12a and multiple crRNAs. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:102. [PMID: 38231433 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Mpox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic DNA virus that caused human Mpox, leading to the 2022 global outbreak. MPXV infections can cause a number of clinical syndromes, which increases public health threats. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective and reliable method for infection prevention and control of epidemic. Here, a Cas12a-based direct detection assay for MPXV DNA is established without the need for amplification. By targeting the envelope protein gene (B6R) of MPXV, four CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are designed. When MPXV DNA is introduced, every Cas12a/crRNA complex can target a different site of the same MPXV gene. Concomitantly, the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a is triggered to cleave the DNA reporter probes, releasing a fluorescence signal. Due to the application of multiple crRNAs, the amount of active Cas12a increases. Thus, more DNA reporter probes are cleaved. As a consequence, the detection signals are accumulated, which improves the limit of detection (LOD) and the detection speed. The LOD of the multiple crRNA system can be improved to ~ 0.16 pM, which is a decrease of the LOD by approximately ~ 27 times compared with the individual crRNA reactions. Furthermore, using multiple crRNAs increases the specificity of the assay. Given the outstanding performance, this assay has great potential for Mpox diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Feng Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiyou Tan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinghu Ji
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Ming Xiang
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhike He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Suleman M, Ahmad T, shah K, Albekairi NA, Alshammari A, Khan A, Wei DQ, Yassine HM, Crovella S. Exploring the natural products chemical space to abrogate the F3L-dsRNA interface of monkeypox virus to enhance the immune responses using molecular screening and free energy calculations. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1328308. [PMID: 38269277 PMCID: PMC10805857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1328308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Amid the ongoing monkeypox outbreak, there is an urgent need for the rapid development of effective therapeutic interventions capable of countering the immune evasion mechanisms employed by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). The evasion strategy involves the binding of the F3L protein to dsRNA, resulting in diminished interferon (IFN) production. Consequently, our current research focuses on utilizing virtual drug screening techniques to target the RNA binding domain of the F3L protein. Out of the 954 compounds within the South African natural compound database, only four demonstrated notable docking scores: -6.55, -6.47, -6.37, and -6.35 kcal/mol. The dissociation constant (KD) analysis revealed a stronger binding affinity of the top hits 1-4 (-5.34, -5.32, -5.29, and -5.36 kcal/mol) with the F3L in the MPXV. All-atom simulations of the top-ranked hits 1 to 4 consistently exhibited stable dynamics, suggesting their potential to interact effectively with interface residues. This was further substantiated through analyses of parameters such as radius of gyration (Rg), Root Mean Square Fluctuation, and hydrogen bonding. Cumulative assessments of binding free energy confirmed the top-performing candidates among all the compounds, with values of -35.90, -52.74, -28.17, and -32.11 kcal/mol for top hits 1-4, respectively. These results indicate that compounds top hit 1-4 could hold significant promise for advancing innovative drug therapies, suggesting their suitability for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Suleman
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Khadim shah
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Norah A. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hadi M. Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health Sciences-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ali Y, Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Abdikakharovich SA, Shah JA, Ren ZG, Khattak S. Identification of the myxobacterial secondary metabolites Aurachin A and Soraphinol A as promising inhibitors of thymidylate kinase of the Monkeypox virus. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10764-x. [PMID: 38183513 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Thymidylate kinase (TMPK) of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has emerged as a promising target for potential therapeutics due to its significant role in pyrimidine metabolism. While smallpox drugs are advised for treating monkeypox, the European Medicine Agency has sanctioned Tecovirimat due to its potent nanomolar activity. Nonetheless, there is a need for monkeypox-specific therapeutic options. In this work, we employed docking-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to identify myxobacterial secondary metabolites as promising anti-viral natural compounds capable of inhibiting thymidylate kinase. The computational pharmacokinetics and manual curation of top-scoring compounds identified six lead compounds that were compared in terms of protein-ligand contacts and protein-essential dynamics. The study shows that among the six candidates, Aurachin A and the Soraphinol analogues such as Soraphinol A and Soraphinol C remain very stable compared to other compounds, enabling the active site integrity via a stable dynamics pattern. We also show that other compounds such as Phenoxan, Phenylnannolone C, and 8E-Aurafuron B remain unstable and have a negative impact on the active site integrity and may not be suitable binders for TMPK protein. Analyzing the Aurachin A and Soraphinol A binding, the established hydrogen bonds with Arg93 and the conserved hydrophobic interaction with Tyr101 are consistent with previous experimental interactions. Additionally, a deeper insight into the indole and the aromatic ring interaction through π-π stacking and π-cation interactions, as well as the background of Aurachin A and Soraphinol A as a bioactive compound, has significant implications not only for its potential as a promising drug but also for directing future drug discovery efforts targeting the TMPK protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Junaid Ali Shah
- Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, 104100, Ferghana, Uzbekistan
| | - Zhi-Guang Ren
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University College of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University College of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ogunleye SC, Akinsulie OC, Aborode AT, Olorunshola MM, Gbore D, Oladoye M, Adesola RO, Gbadegoye JO, Olatoye BJ, Lawal MA, Bakare AB, Adekanye O, Chinyere EC. The re-emergence and transmission of Monkeypox virus in Nigeria: the role of one health. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1334238. [PMID: 38249416 PMCID: PMC10797020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1334238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Monkeypox virus, commonly abbreviated as mpox, is a viral zoonosis that is experiencing a resurgence in prevalence. It is endemic to regions of West and Central Africa that are characterized by dense forested areas. Various measures pertaining to animals, humans, and the environment have been recognized as potential factors and catalysts for the spread of the disease throughout the impacted regions of Africa. This study examines the various factors contributing to the transmission of the virus in Nigeria, with a particular focus on the animal-human and inter-human modes of transmission in rural communities and healthcare facilities. The One Health approach was emphasized as crucial in the prevention and management of this issue. Literature suggests that preventing repeated zoonotic introductions could potentially halt the transmission of the mpox virus from animal to human hosts, leading to a potential decrease in human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seto C. Ogunleye
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | - Olalekan C. Akinsulie
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nigeria College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | | | - Mercy M. Olorunshola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | - Damilola Gbore
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | | | - Ridwan O. Adesola
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | - Joy O. Gbadegoye
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nigeria College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
- Healthy Africans Platform, Research and Development, Ibada, Nigeria
| | | | - Mariam A. Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Akeem B. Bakare
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibada, Nigeria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rabaan AA, Halwani MA, Alshehri AA, Al-Subaie MF, Almansour ZH, AlShehail BM, Alotaibi N, Khamis F, Al Kaabi NA, Alsomali G, Alqahtani AS, Alissa M. Bioprospecting of Meliaceae family phytomolecules for the treatment of monkeypox virus infection: a QSAR modeling and MD simulation approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38174404 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Recent monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections show the risk of MPXV transmission that persists today and the significance of surveillance and quick response methods to stop the virus's spread. Currently, the monkeypox virus infection is not specifically treated. In this study, QSAR models were designed using known inhibitors of cysteine proteinase from the vaccinia virus, where the Random Forest model and Ridge model had showed the best correlation between predicted and observed EC50. These models were used to screen Maliaceae family phytochemicals against MPXV cysteine proteinase. The compound, IMPHY010637 was detected in top 5 from both the QSAR screening models and showed best docked score (-8.6 kcal/mol) and thus selected for further investigation. Further, the IMPHY010637 showed interaction with the catalytic residue His241 of the protein as reported in earlier studies. The ADMET analysis of the compound showed the acceptable drug-like properties of IMPHY010637. However, these properties could be improved after experimental validation of protein-ligand binding. Both docked complex and poses created in 100 ns MD simulation of the protein-ligand complex showed the presence of multiple hydrogen bonds. RMSD and conformation analysis showed stable binding of IMPHY010637 with the cysteine proteinase of MPXV at its active site. Compared to the known inhibitor, IMPHY010637 showed better binding with the protein as observed by the PCA and MM/GBSA analysis. This study concluded IMPHY010637 as a potential inhibitor for the cysteine proteinase of MPXV using computational methods that could be tested in in-vitro experiments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Halwani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab H Almansour
- Biological Science Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer M AlShehail
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alotaibi
- Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faryal Khamis
- Infection Diseases unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nawal A Al Kaabi
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaneema Alsomali
- Infection prevention and control Department, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
de Oliveira Thomasi RM, da Silva Correa T, Silva do Carmo D, Rodrigues DF, da Silva Correa LV, Xavier SR, Silva LS, da Silva JO, Santos MD, da Silva Dantas A, da Paz MC, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Giunchetti RC, Ferraz Coelho EA, Machado JM, Galdino AS. Molecular Methods for Diagnosis of Monkeypox: A Mini-review. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:1208-1218. [PMID: 37461338 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230717141920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox is a global public health issue caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). As of October 28, 2022, a total of 77,115 laboratoryconfirmed cases and 3,610 probable cases, including 36 deaths, were reported, with 9,070 cases reported in Brazil, the second most affected country. The need to develop national technologies for the rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population is evident, as observed in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. OBJECTIVE With that in mind, this article provides an overview of current methods, techniques, and their applications in the molecular detection of monkeypox, focusing the search on real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and polymerase chain reaction-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCRELISA). METHODS The relevant documents or papers covered in this study were selected by a search in international bibliographic databases. The search terms used in the databases were aimed at summarizing existing knowledge on molecular diagnostic methods, such as monkeypox; MPX, MPXV, qPCR, PCR, PCR-ELISA, diagnosis and detection searched separately or together using the Boolean operator "AND" either in the title or abstract. The searches took place in September 2022, and the corresponding articles were selected between 2012 and 2022. RESULTS We found 256 documents in total and twelve studies addressing the molecular diagnosis of monkeypox were classified as possible sources for this review. CONCLUSION It is evident there is a pressing need to develop national technologies for rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population. It is also extremely important to have national detection kits with greater diagnostic capacity to assist in developing effective public policies in countries affected by this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Michelini de Oliveira Thomasi
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Thais da Silva Correa
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Dalise Silva do Carmo
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Déborah Fernandes Rodrigues
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Vinicius da Silva Correa
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Sandra Rodrigues Xavier
- Disciplina Biotecnologia e Inovações, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Programa Multicentrico de Pós-graduação em Bíoquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João Del- Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Líria Souza Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Oliveira da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Michelli Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Campos da Paz
- Laboratório de Bioativos & NanoBiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli
- Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Urb. San José S/N, Umacollo, Arequipa 04000, Peru
| | - Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti
- Laboratory of Cell-Cell Interactions, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270- 901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antônio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Martins Machado
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Microrganismos, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kibungu EM, Vakaniaki EH, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Kalonji-Mukendi T, Pukuta E, Hoff NA, Bogoch II, Cevik M, Gonsalves GS, Hensley LE, Low N, Shaw SY, Schillberg E, Hunter M, Lunyanga L, Linsuke S, Madinga J, Peeters M, Cigolo JCM, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Muyembe JJ, Rimoin AW, Kindrachuk J, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Lushima RS. Clade I-Associated Mpox Cases Associated with Sexual Contact, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:172-176. [PMID: 38019211 PMCID: PMC10756366 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.231164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a cluster of clade I monkeypox virus infections linked to sexual contact in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case investigations resulted in 5 reverse transcription PCR-confirmed infections; genome sequencing suggest they belonged to the same transmission chain. This finding demonstrates that mpox transmission through sexual contact extends beyond clade IIb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile M. Kibungu
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Emmanuel H. Vakaniaki
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Elisabeth Pukuta
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Nicole A. Hoff
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Isaac I. Bogoch
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Muge Cevik
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Gregg S. Gonsalves
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Lisa E. Hensley
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Nicola Low
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Souradet Y. Shaw
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Erin Schillberg
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Mikayla Hunter
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Lygie Lunyanga
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Sylvie Linsuke
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Joule Madinga
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Martine Peeters
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Jean-Claude Makangara Cigolo
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| | | | | | | | | | - International Mpox Research Consortium
- Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni)
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes)
- University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters)
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin)
- Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch)
- University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik)
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves)
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley)
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low)
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Khan G, Perveen N. Monkeypox: Past, Present, and Future. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1451:1-20. [PMID: 38801568 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease caused by a virus (monkeypox virus-MPV) belonging to the Poxviridae family. In humans, the disease has an incubation period of 5-21 days and then progresses in two phases, the prodromal phase and the rash phase. The prodromal phase is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, malaise, lymphadenopathy, headache, and chills. Skin lesions appear in the rash phase of the disease. These lesions progress through different stages (macules, papules, vesicles, and pustules). In May 2022, WHO reported an outbreak of human Mpox in several countries which were previously Mpox-free. As per the CDC report of March 01, 2023, a total of 86,231 confirmed cases of Mpox and 105 deaths have been reported from 110 countries and territories across the globe. Notably, more than 90% of these countries were reporting Mpox for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that this outbreak was associated with the virus from the West African clade. However, most of the cases in this outbreak had no evidence of travel histories to MPV-endemic countries in Central or West Africa. This outbreak was primarily driven by the transmission of the virus via intimate contact in men who have sex with men (MSM). The changing epidemiology of Mpox raised concerns about the increasing spread of the disease in non-endemic countries and the urgent need to control and prevent it. In this chapter, we present all the documented cases of Mpox from 1970 to 2023 and discuss the past, present, and future of MPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulfaraz Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Nighat Perveen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Asquith W, Hueston L, Dwyer D, Kok J, Ko D, Fennel M, Rockett R, Rai NJ, Li Y, Sriramoju S, Sutor A, O'Sullivan M. Characterizing the acute antibody response of monkeypox and MVA-BN vaccine following an Australian outbreak. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29407. [PMID: 38240403 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In response to the emergence of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Australia in May 2022, we developed and evaluated indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) for MPXV and Vaccinia virus (VACV) IgG and IgM antibodies using serum samples from patients with nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-confirmed mpox and uninfected unvaccinated controls. Additionally, 47 healthcare workers receiving two doses of the third-generation smallpox vaccine Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) undertook serial serum collection to describe the serological response to vaccination. MPXV antibodies were detected in 16/18 individuals with NAAT-confirmed mpox (sensitivity 0.89, specificity 1.00), and VACV antibodies were detected in 28/29 individuals who received two doses of MVA-BN vaccine (sensitivity 0.97, specificity 1.00). Detectable antibody in subjects historically vaccinated with early-generation vaccines against smallpox was found in 7/7 subjects, at a median of 48 years following vaccination. MPXV NAAT-positive patients with serum samples collected within the first 14 days after rash onset had detectable IgG and IgM in 9/12 and 5/12 of patients, respectively, with maintenance of IgG and disappearance of IgM titers after 60 days. While specificity was high when testing unvaccinated and uninfected subjects, significant cross-reactivity between MPXV and VACV antibodies was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Will Asquith
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linda Hueston
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic Dwyer
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Disease Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jen Kok
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Disease Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danny Ko
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Fennel
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Rockett
- Sydney Infectious Disease Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neela Joshi Rai
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ying Li
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shirisha Sriramoju
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison Sutor
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew O'Sullivan
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Disease Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Khan G, Perveen N. The 2022 monkeypox outbreak 1 year on: The 5 Ws. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2489. [PMID: 37930054 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In May 2022, World Health Organization (WHO) reported an outbreak of Mpox in several European countries which were previously Mpox free. Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) is a zoonotic viral disease endemic in Central and West Africa. The sudden emergence of Mpox outside Africa and its subsequent rapid spread lead the WHO to declare the outbreak as Public Health Emergency of International Concern. By 15 May 2023, a total of 87,704 confirmed cases and 140 deaths had been reported from 111 countries and territories worldwide. Looking back on this outbreak 1 year later, several important questions have arisen. Here, we address these questions using the classic 5 Ws: What, When, Where, Who and Why? We discuss these questions to understand how this outbreak emerged and how it was effectively managed. We outline what needs to be done to prevent, or at least minimise, outbreaks due to emerging and re-emerging viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulfaraz Khan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nighat Perveen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Al-Eitan L, Haddad M, Mihyar A. Poxviruses from the Concept of One Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1451:21-33. [PMID: 38801569 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In the last 4 years, the world has experienced two pandemics of bat-borne viruses. Firstly, in 2019 the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic started and has been causing millions of deaths around the world. In 2022, a Monkeypox pandemic rose in various countries of the world. Those pandemics have witnessed movements and initiatives from healthcare and research institutions to establish a worldwide understanding to battle any future pandemics and biological threats. One Health concept is a modern, comprehensive, unifying ways to improve humans, animals, and ecosystems' health. This concept shows how much they are intertwined and related to one another, whether it is an environmental, or a pathological relation. This review aims to describe Poxviridae and its impact on the One Health concept, by studying the underlying causes of how poxviruses can affect the health of animals, humans, and environments. Reviewing the effect of disease transmission between animal to human, human to human, and animal to animal with pox viruses as a third party to achieve a total understanding of infection and viral transmission. Thus, contributing to enhance detection, diagnosis, research, and treatments regarding the application of One Health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laith Al-Eitan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Mountaser Haddad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Mihyar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Asadi Noghabi F, G. Rizk J, Makkar D, Roozbeh N, Ghelichpour S, Zarei A. Managing Monkeypox Virus Infections: A Contemporary Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:1-9. [PMID: 38322157 PMCID: PMC10839137 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.96738.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Orthopoxvirus species and was first identified in Africa. Recently, this infectious disease has spread widely in many parts of the world. Fever, fatigue, headache, and rash are common symptoms of monkeypox. The presence of lymphadenopathy is another prominent and key symptom of monkeypox, which distinguishes this disease from other diseases and is useful for diagnosing the disease. This disease is transmitted to humans through contact with or eating infected animals as well as objects infected with the virus. One of the ways to diagnose this disease is through PCR testing of lesions and secretions. To prevent the disease, vaccines such as JYNNEOS and ACAM2000 are available, but they are not accessible to all people in the world, and their effectiveness and safety need further investigation. However, preventive measures such as avoiding contact with people infected with the virus and using appropriate personal protective equipment are mandatory. The disease therapy is based on medicines such as brincidofovir, cidofovir, and Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous. The injectable format of tecovirimat was approved recently, in May 2022. Considering the importance of clinical care in this disease, awareness about the side effects of medicines, nutrition, care for conjunctivitis, skin rash, washing and bathing at home, and so on can be useful in controlling and managing the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Asadi Noghabi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - John G. Rizk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Nasibeh Roozbeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Soleyman Ghelichpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Aref Zarei
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mazur-Melewska K. Poxviruses in Children. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1451:205-217. [PMID: 38801580 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The family Poxviridae is a large family of viruses with a ubiquitous distribution, subdivided into two subfamilies: Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of vertebrates) and Entomopoxvirinae (poxviruses of insects). Only three species from the first subfamily, Orthopoxvirus (OPV), Molluscipoxvirus and Parapoxvirus, can infect the human being. In the paediatric population, viruses belonging to the first two subfamilies have the greatest importance. Following the eradication of smallpox in 1980, vaccination of the general population was discontinued after careful consideration of the risks and benefits. However, nearly all children and most of the world's population had little to no protection against OPV. The aim of this chapter is to review the current evidence on the aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of Poxviridae infections in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mazur-Melewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lu J, Xing H, Wang C, Tang M, Wu C, Ye F, Yin L, Yang Y, Tan W, Shen L. Mpox (formerly monkeypox): pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:458. [PMID: 38148355 PMCID: PMC10751291 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2022, a global outbreak of Mpox (formerly monkeypox) occurred in various countries across Europe and America and rapidly spread to more than 100 countries and regions. The World Health Organization declared the outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern due to the rapid spread of the Mpox virus. Consequently, nations intensified their efforts to explore treatment strategies aimed at combating the infection and its dissemination. Nevertheless, the available therapeutic options for Mpox virus infection remain limited. So far, only a few numbers of antiviral compounds have been approved by regulatory authorities. Given the high mutability of the Mpox virus, certain mutant strains have shown resistance to existing pharmaceutical interventions. This highlights the urgent need to develop novel antiviral drugs that can combat both drug resistance and the potential threat of bioterrorism. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive literature on the pathophysiology and treatment of Mpox. To address this issue, we conducted a review covering the physiological and pathological processes of Mpox infection, summarizing the latest progress of anti-Mpox drugs. Our analysis encompasses approved drugs currently employed in clinical settings, as well as newly identified small-molecule compounds and antibody drugs displaying potential antiviral efficacy against Mpox. Furthermore, we have gained valuable insights from the process of Mpox drug development, including strategies for repurposing drugs, the discovery of drug targets driven by artificial intelligence, and preclinical drug development. The purpose of this review is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on Mpox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Lu
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Hui Xing
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Mengjun Tang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Changcheng Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for infectious disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China.
| | - Wenjie Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Liang Shen
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei Province, Xiangyang, 441021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Acevedo A, Garrido M. Epidemiological and clinical differences of confirmed and discarded Mpox cases on the 2022 Chilean outbreak. IJID REGIONS 2023; 9:59-62. [PMID: 37915990 PMCID: PMC10616139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To improve Mpox diagnosis by identifying distinctive symptoms in confirmed vs discarded cases due to outdated case definition. Methods This is a case-control study conducted using data from the Institute of Public Health database, encompassing all suspected cases analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction between June 1 and September 30, 2022. We calculated means, frequencies, performed Fisher's test, and computed odds ratios (OR) using RStudio and Microsoft Excel. Results Among 1415 suspected Mpox cases, 87% were men aged 30-39 with exanthema. Confirmed cases had higher rates of lymphadenopathy (31% vs 12%), fever (42% vs 29%), myalgia (35% vs 25%), and specific lesions: pustules (36% vs 27%), scabs (25% vs 17%), and umbilicated lesions (24% vs 7%) (P <0.05). Key risk factors for Mpox included contact with a positive case (OR 2.33), multiple sexual partners (OR 3.52), and male gender (OR 29.93). Conclusion The symptomatology of confirmed Mpox cases closely aligns with that reported in the current outbreak. The primary risk factors identified include prior contact with another positive case, having multiple sexual partners, and male gender. However, to facilitate a more complete analysis, more evidence needs to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Acevedo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Studies. Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Garrido
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Studies. Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yashavarddhan MH, Bohra D, Rana R, Tuli HS, Ranjan V, Rana DS, Ganguly NK. Comprehensive overview of 2022 human monkeypox outbreak and its pathology, prevention, and treatment: A strategy for disease control. Microbiol Res 2023; 277:127504. [PMID: 37812873 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The 2022 Monkeypox virus, an evolved DNA strain originating in Africa, exhibits heightened human-to-human transmissibility and potential animal transmission. Its host remains unidentified. While its initial slow transmission rate restrained global impact, 2022 saw a surge in cases, causing widespread concern in over 103 countries by September. This virus's distinctive human-to-human transmission marks a crucial shift, demanding a prompt revaluation of containment strategies. However, the host source for this shift requires urgent research attention. Regrettably, no universal preventive or curative methods have emerged for this evolved virus. Repurposed from smallpox vaccines, only some vaccinations offer a partial defense. Solely one therapeutic drug is available. The article's essence is to provide a comprehensive grasp of the virus's epidemiology, morphology, immune invasion mechanisms, and existing preventive and treatment measures. This knowledge equips researchers to devise strategies against its spread and potential public health implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Yashavarddhan
- Department of Biotechnology & Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | - Deepika Bohra
- Department of Biotechnology & Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | - Rashmi Rana
- Department of Biotechnology & Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | | | - Vivek Ranjan
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | | | - Nirmal Kumar Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology & Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Okwor T, Mbala PK, Evans DH, Kindrachuk J. A contemporary review of clade-specific virological differences in monkeypox viruses. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1502-1507. [PMID: 37507009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an emerging zoonotic virus that has had on-going public health impacts in endemic regions of Central and West Africa for over a half-century. Historically, the MPXV clade endemic in regions of Central Africa is associated with higher morbidity and mortality as compared with the clade endemic in West Africa. OBJECTIVES Here, we review the virological characteristics of MPXV and discuss potential relationships between virulence factors and clade- (and subclade-) specific differences in virulence and transmission patterns. SOURCES Targeted search was conducted in PubMed using ((monkeypox virus) OR (Orthopoxvirus)) AND (zoonosis)) OR ((monkeypox) OR (human mpox). CONTENT Forty-seven references were considered that included three publicly available data reports and/or press releases, one book chapter, and 44 published manuscripts. IMPLICATIONS Although zoonosis has been historically linked to emergence events in humans, epidemiological analyses of more recent outbreaks have identified increasing frequencies of human-to-human transmission. Furthermore, viral transmission during the 2022 global human mpox outbreak, caused by a recently identified MPXV subclade, has relied exclusively on human-to-human contact with no known zoonotic link.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tochi Okwor
- Department of Planning, Research & Statistics, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Placide K Mbala
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - David H Evans
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason Kindrachuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gao S, Zeng Z, Zhai Y, Chen F, Feng X, Xu H, Kan W, Lu J, Zhou J, Chen Z. Driving effect of multiplex factors on Mpox in global high-risk region, implication for Mpox based on one health concept. One Health 2023; 17:100597. [PMID: 38024251 PMCID: PMC10665165 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mpox is an ongoing viral zoonotic disease epidemic worldwide. Being different from conventional animal-to-human transmission, the present outbreak is mainly caused by human-to-human transmission of Mpox virus, putting forward the risk of worldwide epidemic. The current spatial distribution characteristics and risk area prediction are urgently needed for preparedness for prevention and control of the disease based on the One Health strategy. In the present study, the global outbreak point of Mpox virus were collected and used to predict potential global risk of Mpox virus with ecological niche model constructed with a combination of eco-geographical, anthropoid, meteorological, and host variables. The results showed that human factors are the key to the risk and prevalence of Mpox. The risk map indicated that Mpox may affect extensive areas worldwide. Europe and North America have the highest risk of Mpox. Although most areas have never recorded Mpox before, there are some high-risk areas in Asia. Our findings highlight population density is the most important contributing factor for high-risk area. Many large cities with dense populations, developed transportation, and high migration rate in the world, are in high risks. At present, the spread of Mpox is highly valued in the world and strict prevention and control measures have been taken. However, under the influence of human factors, Mpox has the potential of a global pandemic. The risk area prediction and main risk factors provide key information for targeted preparedness for prevention and control of Mpox outbreak and avoiding potential global epidemic through the One Health approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zan Zeng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang province, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- The Second Geomatics Cartography Institute of National Administration of Ministry of Natural Resources, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang province, PR China
| | - Xiangning Feng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - HongLong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, PR China
| | - Wei Kan
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center in Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, PR China
| | - Jiahai Lu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|