1
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Brien SC, LeBreton M, Doty JB, Mauldin MR, Morgan CN, Pieracci EG, Ritter JM, Matheny A, Tafon BG, Tamoufe U, Missoup AD, Nwobegahay J, Takuo JM, Nkom F, Mouiche MMM, Feussom JMK, Wilkins K, Wade A, McCollum AM. Clinical Manifestations of an Outbreak of Monkeypox Virus in Captive Chimpanzees in Cameroon, 2016. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S275-S284. [PMID: 38164967 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a reemerging virus of global concern. An outbreak of clade I MPXV affected 20 captive chimpanzees in Cameroon in 2016. We describe the epidemiology, virology, phylogenetics, and clinical progression of this outbreak. Clinical signs included exanthema, facial swelling, perilaryngeal swelling, and eschar. Mpox can be lethal in captive chimpanzees, with death likely resulting from respiratory complications. We advise avoiding anesthesia in animals with respiratory signs to reduce the likelihood of death. This outbreak presented a risk to animal care staff. There is a need for increased awareness and a One Health approach to preparation for outbreaks in wildlife rescue centers in primate range states where MPXV occurs. Control measures should include quarantining affected animals, limiting human contacts, surveillance of humans and animals, use of personal protective equipment, and regular decontamination of enclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Brien
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Roslin, United Kingdom
- Ape Action Africa, Mefou Park, Cameroon
| | | | - Jeffrey B Doty
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew R Mauldin
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clint N Morgan
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily G Pieracci
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jana M Ritter
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Audrey Matheny
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Alain D Missoup
- Zoology Unit, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Moctar M M Mouiche
- Mosaic, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaounderé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Marc K Feussom
- Cameroon Epidemiological Network for Animal Diseases, Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kimberly Wilkins
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abel Wade
- National Veterinary Laboratory, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Andrea M McCollum
- Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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2
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Tinsman JC, Gruppi C, Bossu CM, Prigge TL, Harrigan RJ, Zaunbrecher V, Koepfli KP, LeBreton M, Njabo K, Wenda C, Xing S, Abernethy K, Ades G, Akeredolu E, Andrew IB, Barrett TA, Bernáthová I, Černá Bolfíková B, Diffo JL, Difouo Fopa G, Ebong LE, Godwill I, Koumba Pambo AF, Labuschagne K, Nwobegahay Mbekem J, Momboua BR, Mousset Moumbolou CL, Ntie S, Rose-Jeffreys E, Simo FT, Sundar K, Swiacká M, Takuo JM, Talla VNK, Tamoufe U, Dingle C, Ruegg K, Bonebrake TC, Smith TB. Genomic analyses reveal poaching hotspots and illegal trade in pangolins from Africa to Asia. Science 2023; 382:1282-1286. [PMID: 38096373 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The white-bellied pangolin (Phataginus tricuspis) is the world's most trafficked mammal and is at risk of extinction. Reducing the illegal wildlife trade requires an understanding of its origins. Using a genomic approach for tracing confiscations and analyzing 111 samples collected from known geographic localities in Africa and 643 seized scales from Asia between 2012 and 2018, we found that poaching pressures shifted over time from West to Central Africa. Recently, Cameroon's southern border has emerged as a site of intense poaching. Using data from seizures representing nearly 1 million African pangolins, we identified Nigeria as one important hub for trafficking, where scales are amassed and transshipped to markets in Asia. This origin-to-destination approach offers new opportunities to disrupt the illegal wildlife trade and to guide anti-trafficking measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen C Tinsman
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- National Fish and Wildlife Forensic Laboratory, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland, OR, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
| | - Cristian Gruppi
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christen M Bossu
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tracey-Leigh Prigge
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan J Harrigan
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Virginia Zaunbrecher
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Klaus-Peter Koepfli
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, George Mason University, Front Royal, VA, USA
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Mosaic, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kevin Njabo
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Wenda
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuang Xing
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Katharine Abernethy
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Gary Ades
- Fauna Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Imuzei B Andrew
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Taneisha A Barrett
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Iva Bernáthová
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Černá Bolfíková
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ghislain Difouo Fopa
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Lionel Esong Ebong
- Department of Ecology and Nature Management, School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ichu Godwill
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | | | - Kim Labuschagne
- South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Brice R Momboua
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Libreville, Gabon
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Carla L Mousset Moumbolou
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Libreville, Gabon
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon
- Pangolin Conservation Network, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Stephan Ntie
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Libreville, Gabon
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon
| | | | - Franklin T Simo
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Keerthana Sundar
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Markéta Swiacká
- Department of Spatial Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jean Michel Takuo
- International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Valery N K Talla
- Département de Biologie des Organismes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Caroline Dingle
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kristen Ruegg
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Timothy C Bonebrake
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Pangolin Specialist Group, IUCN Species Survival Commission, London, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas B Smith
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Congo Basin Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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3
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Pandit PS, Anthony SJ, Goldstein T, Olival KJ, Doyle MM, Gardner NR, Bird B, Smith W, Wolking D, Gilardi K, Monagin C, Kelly T, Uhart MM, Epstein JH, Machalaba C, Rostal MK, Dawson P, Hagan E, Sullivan A, Li H, Chmura AA, Latinne A, Lange C, O’Rourke T, Olson S, Keatts L, Mendoza AP, Perez A, de Paula CD, Zimmerman D, Valitutto M, LeBreton M, McIver D, Islam A, Duong V, Mouiche M, Shi Z, Mulembakani P, Kumakamba C, Ali M, Kebede N, Tamoufe U, Bel-Nono S, Camara A, Pamungkas J, Coulibaly KJ, Abu-Basha E, Kamau J, Silithammavong S, Desmond J, Hughes T, Shiilegdamba E, Aung O, Karmacharya D, Nziza J, Ndiaye D, Gbakima A, sajali Z, Wacharapluesadee S, Robles EA, Ssebide B, Suzán G, Aguirre LF, Solorio MR, Dhole TN, Nga NTT, Hitchens PL, Joly DO, Saylors K, Fine A, Murray S, Karesh WB, Daszak P, Mazet JAK, Johnson CK. Author Correction: Predicting the potential for zoonotic transmission and host associations for novel viruses. Commun Biol 2023; 6:25. [PMID: 36627372 PMCID: PMC9832161 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav S. Pandit
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Simon J. Anthony
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Tracey Goldstein
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Kevin J. Olival
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Megan M. Doyle
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Nicole R. Gardner
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Brian Bird
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Woutrina Smith
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - David Wolking
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Kirsten Gilardi
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Corina Monagin
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Terra Kelly
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Marcela M. Uhart
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jonathan H. Epstein
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Catherine Machalaba
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Melinda K. Rostal
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Patrick Dawson
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Emily Hagan
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Ava Sullivan
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Hongying Li
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Aleksei A. Chmura
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Alice Latinne
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Christian Lange
- Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., 546 15th Ave NE, St Petersburg, FL 33704 USA
| | - Tammie O’Rourke
- Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., 546 15th Ave NE, St Petersburg, FL 33704 USA
| | - Sarah Olson
- grid.269823.40000 0001 2164 6888Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Lucy Keatts
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - A. Patricia Mendoza
- grid.269823.40000 0001 2164 6888Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY USA ,grid.516986.5Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Peru Program, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Perez
- grid.516986.5Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Peru Program, Lima, Peru
| | - Cátia Dejuste de Paula
- grid.269823.40000 0001 2164 6888Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Dawn Zimmerman
- grid.467700.20000 0001 2182 2028Global Health Program, Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Marc Valitutto
- grid.467700.20000 0001 2182 2028Global Health Program, Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | | | | | - Ariful Islam
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Veasna Duong
- grid.418537.c0000 0004 7535 978XInstitut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Monivong Blvd, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, 12201 Cambodia
| | - Moctar Mouiche
- grid.452492.cMosaic/Global Viral Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Zhengli Shi
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Prime Mulembakani
- grid.9783.50000 0000 9927 0991Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Mohamed Ali
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Egypt National Research Centre, 12311 Dokki, Giza Egypt
| | - Nigatu Kebede
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ubald Tamoufe
- grid.452492.cMetabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region Avenue Mvog-Fouda Ada, Av 1.085, Carrefour Intendance, Yaoundé, BP 15939 Cameroon
| | | | - Alpha Camara
- Centre de Recherche en Virologie (VRV) Projet Fievres Hemoraquiques en Guinée, BP 5680 Nongo/Contéya-Commune de Ratoma, Guinea
| | - Joko Pamungkas
- grid.440754.60000 0001 0698 0773Primate Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, 16151 Indonesia ,grid.440754.60000 0001 0698 0773Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor, 16680 Indonesia
| | - Kalpy J. Coulibaly
- grid.418523.90000 0004 0475 3667Department Environment and Health, Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire, PO BOX 490, Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast
| | - Ehab Abu-Basha
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Jordan
| | - Joseph Kamau
- grid.418948.80000 0004 0566 5415Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya ,grid.10604.330000 0001 2019 0495Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - James Desmond
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Tom Hughes
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA ,Conservation Medicine, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Malaysia
| | | | - Ohnmar Aung
- grid.467700.20000 0001 2182 2028Global Health Program, Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Dibesh Karmacharya
- grid.428196.0Center for Molecular Dynamics Nepal (CMDN), Thapathali -11, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Julius Nziza
- Regional Headquarters, Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project, Musanze, Rwanda
| | - Daouda Ndiaye
- grid.8191.10000 0001 2186 9619Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005 Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Aiah Gbakima
- Metabiota, Inc. Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Zikankuba sajali
- grid.11887.370000 0000 9428 8105Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Supaporn Wacharapluesadee
- grid.411628.80000 0000 9758 8584Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Erika Alandia Robles
- grid.516956.8Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Bolivia Program, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Benard Ssebide
- Regional Headquarters, Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project, Musanze, Rwanda
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- grid.9486.30000 0001 2159 0001Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, 04510 Mexico
| | - Luis F. Aguirre
- grid.10491.3d0000 0001 2176 4059Centro de Biodiversidad y Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Monica R. Solorio
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Geoprocessamento (EpiGeo), Instituto de Medicina Veterinária (IMV) Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), BR-316 Km 31, Castanhal, Pará 69746-360 Brazil
| | - Tapan N. Dhole
- grid.263138.d0000 0000 9346 7267Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Nguyen T. T. Nga
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Vietnam Program, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Peta L. Hitchens
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030 Australia
| | - Damien O. Joly
- Nyati Health Consulting, 2175 Dodds Road, Nanaimo, BC V9X0A4 Canada
| | - Karen Saylors
- Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., 546 15th Ave NE, St Petersburg, FL 33704 USA
| | - Amanda Fine
- grid.269823.40000 0001 2164 6888Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Suzan Murray
- grid.452492.cMosaic/Global Viral Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - William B. Karesh
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Peter Daszak
- grid.420826.a0000 0004 0409 4702EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018 USA
| | - Jonna A. K. Mazet
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | | | - Christine K. Johnson
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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4
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Kuchinski KS, Loos KD, Suchan DM, Russell JN, Sies AN, Kumakamba C, Muyembe F, Mbala Kingebeni P, Ngay Lukusa I, N’Kawa F, Atibu Losoma J, Makuwa M, Gillis A, LeBreton M, Ayukekbong JA, Lerminiaux NA, Monagin C, Joly DO, Saylors K, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Prystajecky NA, McIver DJ, Lange CE, Cameron ADS. Targeted genomic sequencing with probe capture for discovery and surveillance of coronaviruses in bats. eLife 2022; 11:79777. [DOI: 10.7554/elife.79777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Public health emergencies like SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 have prioritized surveillance of zoonotic coronaviruses, resulting in extensive genomic characterization of coronavirus diversity in bats. Sequencing viral genomes directly from animal specimens remains a laboratory challenge, however, and most bat coronaviruses have been characterized solely by PCR amplification of small regions from the best-conserved gene. This has resulted in limited phylogenetic resolution and left viral genetic factors relevant to threat assessment undescribed. In this study, we evaluated whether a technique called hybridization probe capture can achieve more extensive genome recovery from surveillance specimens. Using a custom panel of 20,000 probes, we captured and sequenced coronavirus genomic material in 21 swab specimens collected from bats in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. For 15 of these specimens, probe capture recovered more genome sequence than had been previously generated with standard amplicon sequencing protocols, providing a median 6.1-fold improvement (ranging up to 69.1-fold). Probe capture data also identified five novel alpha- and betacoronaviruses in these specimens, and their full genomes were recovered with additional deep sequencing. Based on these experiences, we discuss how probe capture could be effectively operationalized alongside other sequencing technologies for high-throughput, genomics-based discovery and surveillance of bat coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Kuchinski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia
- Public Health Laboratory, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control
| | - Kara D Loos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
| | - Danae M Suchan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
| | - Jennifer N Russell
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
| | - Ashton N Sies
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole A Lerminiaux
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
| | - Corina Monagin
- Metabiota Inc
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Natalie A Prystajecky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia
- Public Health Laboratory, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control
| | - David J McIver
- Metabiota
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Andrew DS Cameron
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
- Institute for Microbial Systems and Society, Faculty of Science, University of Regina
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5
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Ntumvi NF, Ndze VN, Gillis A, Le Doux Diffo J, Tamoufe U, Takuo JM, Mouiche MMM, Nwobegahay J, LeBreton M, Rimoin AW, Schneider BS, Monagin C, McIver DJ, Roy S, Ayukekbong JA, Saylors KE, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Lange CE. OUP accepted manuscript. Virus Evol 2022; 8:veab110. [PMID: 35233291 PMCID: PMC8867583 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nkom F Ntumvi
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region Avenue Mvog-Fouda Ada, Av 1.085, Carrefour Intendance, Yaoundé, BP 15939, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Joseph Le Doux Diffo
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region Avenue Mvog-Fouda Ada, Av 1.085, Carrefour Intendance, Yaoundé, BP 15939, Cameroon
| | - Ubald Tamoufe
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region Avenue Mvog-Fouda Ada, Av 1.085, Carrefour Intendance, Yaoundé, BP 15939, Cameroon
| | - Jean-Michel Takuo
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region Avenue Mvog-Fouda Ada, Av 1.085, Carrefour Intendance, Yaoundé, BP 15939, Cameroon
| | | | - Julius Nwobegahay
- CRESAR, Yaoundé, Centre Region 7039 Carrefour Intendance, BP 15939, Cameroon
| | | | - Anne W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, 71-254 Center for Health Sciences, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sanjit Roy
- Labyrinth Global Health, 546 15TH Ave NE, St.Petersburg, FL 33704, USA
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | | | - Karen E Saylors
- Labyrinth Global Health, 546 15TH Ave NE, St.Petersburg, FL 33704, USA
| | | | | | - Edward M Rubin
- Metabiota Inc, 425 California Street, Suite 1200, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
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6
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Kumakamba C, Niama FR, Muyembe F, Mombouli JV, Kingebeni PM, Nina RA, Lukusa IN, Bounga G, N'Kawa F, Nkoua CG, Atibu Losoma J, Mulembakani P, Makuwa M, Tamufe U, Gillis A, LeBreton M, Olson SH, Cameron K, Reed P, Ondzie A, Tremeau-Bravard A, Smith BR, Pante J, Schneider BS, McIver DJ, Ayukekbong JA, Hoff NA, Rimoin AW, Laudisoit A, Monagin C, Goldstein T, Joly DO, Saylors K, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Bagamboula MPassi R, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Lange CE. Coronavirus surveillance in wildlife from two Congo basin countries detects RNA of multiple species circulating in bats and rodents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0236971. [PMID: 34106949 PMCID: PMC8189465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses play an important role as pathogens of humans and animals, and the emergence of epidemics like SARS, MERS and COVID-19 is closely linked to zoonotic transmission events primarily from wild animals. Bats have been found to be an important source of coronaviruses with some of them having the potential to infect humans, with other animals serving as intermediate or alternate hosts or reservoirs. Host diversity may be an important contributor to viral diversity and thus the potential for zoonotic events. To date, limited research has been done in Africa on this topic, in particular in the Congo Basin despite frequent contact between humans and wildlife in this region. We sampled and, using consensus coronavirus PCR-primers, tested 3,561 wild animals for coronavirus RNA. The focus was on bats (38%), rodents (38%), and primates (23%) that posed an elevated risk for contact with people, and we found coronavirus RNA in 121 animals, of which all but two were bats. Depending on the taxonomic family, bats were significantly more likely to be coronavirus RNA-positive when sampled either in the wet (Pteropodidae and Rhinolophidae) or dry season (Hipposideridae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, and Vespertilionidae). The detected RNA sequences correspond to 15 alpha- and 6 betacoronaviruses, with some of them being very similar (>95% nucleotide identities) to known coronaviruses and others being more unique and potentially representing novel viruses. In seven of the bats, we detected RNA most closely related to sequences of the human common cold coronaviruses 229E or NL63 (>80% nucleotide identities). The findings highlight the potential for coronavirus spillover, especially in regions with a high diversity of bats and close human contact, and reinforces the need for ongoing surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabien R Niama
- National Laboratory of Public Health, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | | | - Rock Aime Nina
- Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Ipos Ngay Lukusa
- Metabiota Inc, Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gerard Bounga
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Frida N'Kawa
- Metabiota Inc, Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Cynthia Goma Nkoua
- National Laboratory of Public Health, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | - Maria Makuwa
- Metabiota Inc, Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Labyringth Global Health St. Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ubald Tamufe
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre, Cameroon
| | - Amethyst Gillis
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Sarah H Olson
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Cameron
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Patricia Reed
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Alain Ondzie
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Alex Tremeau-Bravard
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Brett R Smith
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jasmine Pante
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Nicole A Hoff
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anne W Rimoin
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anne Laudisoit
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Corina Monagin
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America.,One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Tracey Goldstein
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Damien O Joly
- Wildlife Conversation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America.,Metabiota Inc, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Saylors
- Labyringth Global Health St. Petersburg, Florida, United States of America.,Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nathan D Wolfe
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Edward M Rubin
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Jean J Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Christian E Lange
- Labyringth Global Health St. Petersburg, Florida, United States of America.,Metabiota Inc, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
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7
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Cameron KN, Niama FR, Hayes B, Mbala P, Olson SH, Takuo JM, Ondzie A, Diffo JLD, Smith BR, Pante J, Laudisoit A, LeBreton M, Tamufe U, Makuwa M, Joly DO, Goldstein T, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Bagamboula MPassi R, Lange CE. Sequences of Previously Unknown Rhabdoviruses Detected in Bat Samples from the Republic of the Congo. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2021; 21:552-555. [PMID: 34010076 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Rhabdoviridae contains diverse viruses, including vector-borne and nonvector-borne viruses, some that are human pathogens, including rabies virus and also nonpathogenic viruses. Bats, which are a known reservoir of viruses with zoonotic potential including coronaviruses, also carry multiple rhabdoviruses such as but not limited to lyssaviruses. We collected samples from 193 insectivorous and frugivorous bats in the Republic of the Congo and tested them for rhabdovirus RNA. Four samples were found positive for viral RNA representing sequences of four different, not previously described rhabdoviruses. Although phylogenetic and taxonomic placement of the novel sequences is uncertain, similarities with previously detected rhabdovirus sequences in bats suggest that these could represent vertebrate viruses. Considering the pathogenic risks some rhabdoviruses pose for humans, these results highlight the need for more research and surveillance regarding rhabdoviruses and bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N Cameron
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA.,United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Bailey's Crossroads, Virginia, USA
| | - Fabien R Niama
- National Laboratory of Public Health, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Ben Hayes
- Monadh, Inveruglas, Kingussie, Inverness-shire, United Kingdom
| | - Placide Mbala
- Metabiota, Inc., Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | - Alain Ondzie
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Brett R Smith
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jasmine Pante
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maria Makuwa
- Metabiota, Inc., Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Damien O Joly
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA.,Metabiota, Inc., Nanaimo, Canada.,British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, Canada
| | - Tracey Goldstein
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jean J Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Christian E Lange
- Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.,Metabiota, Inc., Nanaimo, Canada
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8
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Ntumvi NF, Diffo JLD, Tamoufe U, Ndze VN, Takuo JM, Mouiche MMM, Nwobegahay J, LeBreton M, Gillis A, Rimoin AW, Schneider BS, Monagin C, McIver DJ, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Lange CE. Evaluation of bat adenoviruses suggests co-evolution and host roosting behaviour as drivers for diversity. Microb Genom 2021; 7:000561. [PMID: 33871330 PMCID: PMC8208681 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) are diverse pathogens of humans and animals, with several dozen bat AdVs already identified. Considering that over 100 human AdVs are known, and the huge diversity of bat species, many bat AdVs likely remain undiscovered. To learn more about AdV prevalence, diversity and evolution, we sampled and tested bats in Cameroon using several PCR assays for viral and host DNA. AdV DNA was detected in 14 % of the 671 sampled animals belonging to 37 different bat species. There was a correlation between species roosting in larger groups and AdV DNA detection. The detected AdV DNA belonged to between 28 and 44 different, mostly previously unknown, mastadenovirus species. The novel isolates are phylogenetically diverse and while some cluster with known viruses, others appear to form divergent new clusters. The phylogenetic tree of novel and previously known bat AdVs does not mirror that of the various host species, but does contain structures consistent with a degree of virus-host co-evolution. Given that closely related isolates were found in different host species, it seems likely that at least some bat AdVs have jumped species barriers, probably in the more recent past; however, the tree is also consistent with such events having taken place throughout bat AdV evolution. AdV diversity was highest in bat species roosting in large groups. The study significantly increased the diversity of AdVs known to be harboured by bats, and suggests that host behaviours, such as roosting size, may be what limits some AdVs to one species rather than an inability of AdVs to infect other related hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkom F. Ntumvi
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region, Cameroon
| | | | - Ubald Tamoufe
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region, Cameroon
| | - Valantine Ngum Ndze
- Metabiota Cameroon Ltd, Yaoundé, Centre Region, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Centre Region, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bradley S. Schneider
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
- Etiologic, Oakland, CA, USA
- Pinpoint Science, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Corina Monagin
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Damien O. Joly
- Metabiota Inc, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Euren J, Bangura J, Gbakima A, Sinah M, Yonda S, Lange CE, McIver DJ, LeBreton M, Wolking D, Grigorescu Monagin C, Bird B, Saylors K. Human Interactions with Bat Populations in Bombali, Sierra Leone. Ecohealth 2020; 17:292-301. [PMID: 33175278 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-020-01502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human contact with bats has been epidemiologically linked to several of the most recent Ebola outbreaks, including the 2014 West Africa epidemic and the 2007 Luebo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, outbreak. While fruit bats remain the likely primary reservoir for Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus), recent wildlife surveillance efforts have identified a new species of ebolavirus (Bombali ebolavirus) in microchiropteran insect-eating bats in West and East Africa. Given the role of bats as potential Ebola reservoirs and sources of spillover into human populations, it is critically important to understand the circumstances and behaviors that bring human populations into close contact with bats. This study explores two sites in Bombali, Sierra Leone, where human populations have had close contact with microchiropteran bats via household infestations and fruit bats by hunting practices. Through interviews and focus groups, we identify the knowledge, beliefs, perceptions, and behaviors that may potentially protect or expose individuals to zoonotic spillover through direct and indirect contact with bats. We also describe how this research was used to develop a risk reduction and outreach tool for living safely with bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Euren
- Metabiota, Inc., 425 California St., Suite 1200, San Francisco, CA, 94104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Wolking
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian Bird
- One Health Institute and Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karen Saylors
- Metabiota, Inc., 425 California St., Suite 1200, San Francisco, CA, 94104, USA
- Labyrinth Global Health, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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10
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Lucas A, Kumakamba C, Lange CE, Obel E, Miningue G, Likofata J, Gillis A, LeBreton M, McIver DJ, Euren J, Kreuder Johnson C, Goldstein T, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Saylors K. Serology and Behavioral Perspectives on Ebola Virus Disease Among Bushmeat Vendors in Equateur, Democratic Republic of the Congo, After the 2018 Outbreak. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa295. [PMID: 32855984 PMCID: PMC7443109 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
After the 2018 Ebola outbreak in Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, we conducted behavioral interviews and collected samples from bushmeat vendors and primates in Mbandaka to test for evidence of Ebola virus exposure. Although participants indicated being aware of Ebola, they did not consider themselves at occupational risk for infection. We found antibodies against Zaire ebolavirus in one participant despite no reported history of disease or contact with infected individuals. Our data underline concerns of possible subclinical or undiagnosed Ebola virus infections and the importance and challenges of risk communication to populations who are occupationally exposed to bushmeat. Following the 2018 Ebola outbreak in Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, bushmeat vendors interviewed in Mbandaka indicated being aware of Ebola, but did not consider themselves at occupational risk. Antibodies against Zaire ebolavirus were detected in one participant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erby Obel
- Metabiota Inc, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guy Miningue
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jacques Likofata
- Mbandaka Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Mbandaka, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | | | - Jason Euren
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christine Kreuder Johnson
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Tracey Goldstein
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jean J Muyembe-Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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11
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McIver DJ, Silithammavong S, Theppangna W, Gillis A, Douangngeun B, Khammavong K, Singhalath S, Duong V, Buchy P, Olson SH, Keatts L, Fine AE, Greatorex Z, Gilbert M, LeBreton M, Saylors K, Joly DO, Rubin EM, Lange CE. Coronavirus surveillance of wildlife in the Lao People's Democratic Republic detects viral RNA in rodents. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1869-1875. [PMID: 32488616 PMCID: PMC7265875 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses can become zoonotic, as in the case of COVID-19, and hunting, sale, and consumption of wild animals in Southeast Asia increases the risk for such incidents. We sampled and tested rodents (851) and other mammals and found betacoronavirus RNA in 12 rodents. The sequences belong to two separate genetic clusters and are closely related to those of known rodent coronaviruses detected in the region and distantly related to those of human coronaviruses OC43 and HKU1. Considering the close human-wildlife contact with many species in and beyond the region, a better understanding of virus diversity is urgently needed for the mitigation of future risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soubanh Silithammavong
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Laos Program, Vientiane, Lao PDR.,Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Watthana Theppangna
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, National Animal Health Laboratory, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Amethyst Gillis
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,Development Alternatives, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bounlom Douangngeun
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, National Animal Health Laboratory, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | | | | | - Veasna Duong
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Philippe Buchy
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines R&D, Greater China and Intercontinental, Shanghai, China
| | - Sarah H Olson
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lucy Keatts
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amanda E Fine
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zoe Greatorex
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Martin Gilbert
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Karen Saylors
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,Labyrinth Global Health, Inc., St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Damien O Joly
- Metabiota Inc., Nanaimo, BC, Canada.,Wildlife Conservation Society, Laos Program, Vientiane, Lao PDR.,British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, BC, Canada
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12
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Mouiche MMM, Ntumvi NF, Maptue VT, Tamoufe U, Albert B, Ngum Ndze V, Nwobegahay J, Gillis A, LeBreton M, McIver DJ, Ayukekbong JA, Saylors K, Rubin EM, Lange CE. Evidence of Low-Level Dengue Virus Circulation in the South Region of Cameroon in 2018. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:314-317. [PMID: 31934826 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is an understudied disease in many parts of Africa and little is known about its prevalence in Cameroon. We tested blood from 629 individuals from the South Region of Cameroon, collected over the course of one year, for flavivirus RNA using conventional broad range PCR. Flavivirus RNA corresponding to dengue virus (DENV) serotype 1 was identified in two individuals who were also diagnosed with malaria. This finding confirms previous reports that indicate the presence of low-level circulation of DENV in Cameroon and supports the concern that dengue fever may be underdiagnosed due to more prevalent diseases that have similar symptomology and insufficient diagnostic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bisse Albert
- Sangmelima District Hospital, Sangmelima, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karen Saylors
- Metabiota, Inc., San Francisco, California.,Labyrinth, St. Petersburg, Florida
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13
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Kumakamba C, N'Kawa F, Kingebeni PM, Losoma JA, Lukusa IN, Muyembe F, Mulembakani P, Makuwa M, LeBreton M, Gillis A, Rimoin AW, Hoff NA, Schneider BS, Monagin C, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Tamfum JJM, Lange CE. Analysis of adenovirus DNA detected in rodent species from the Democratic Republic of the Congo indicates potentially novel adenovirus types. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 34:100640. [PMID: 32025309 PMCID: PMC6997563 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different species of adenoviruses (AdVs) infect humans and animals and are known for their role as pathogens, especially in humans, with animals, primarily rodents, often serving as model systems. However, although we know over 100 types of human AdVs, we know comparatively little about the diversity of animal AdVs. Due to the fact that rodents are the most diverse family of mammals and a standard model system for human disease, we set out to sample African rodents native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and test them for AdV DNA using a semi-nested consensus PCR. A total of 775 animals were tested, and viral DNA was detected in four of them. The AdV DNA found belongs to three different AdVs, all being closely related to murine adenovirus 2 (MAdV-2). Considering the genetic differences of the amplicon were 9%, 11% and 19% from MAdV-2 and at least 10% from each other, they seem to belong to up to three different novel types within the Murine mastadenovirus B species. This evidence of genetic diversity highlights the opportunities to isolate and study additional AdVs that infect rodents as models for AdV biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kumakamba
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - F N'Kawa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - J Atibu Losoma
- School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - I Ngay Lukusa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - F Muyembe
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - P Mulembakani
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - M Makuwa
- Metabiota DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - A Gillis
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A W Rimoin
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - B S Schneider
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,Etiologic, Oakland, CA, USA.,Pinpoint Science, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Monagin
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D O Joly
- Metabiota Inc., Nanaimo, Canada.,British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, Canada
| | - N D Wolfe
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E M Rubin
- Metabiota Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J J Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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14
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Mouiche MMM, Moffo F, Akoachere JFTK, Okah-Nnane NH, Mapiefou NP, Ndze VN, Wade A, Djuikwo-Teukeng FF, Toghoua DGT, Zambou HR, Feussom JMK, LeBreton M, Awah-Ndukum J. Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1135. [PMID: 31426792 PMCID: PMC6700798 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely acknowledged as a global health problem, yet in many parts of the world its magnitude is not well elucidated. A baseline assessment of the AMR prevalence is a priority for implementation of laboratory-based AMR surveillance This review, focused on a One health approach, aimed at describing the current status of AMR in Cameroon. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar and African Journals Online databases were searched for articles published in English and French in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Retrieval and screening of article was done using a structured search string with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Free-text and grey literature were obtained by contacting the authors directly. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each pathogen–antibiotic pairs using random-effects models. Result Amongst 97 full-text articles reviewed, 66 met the eligibility criteria. The studies originated from the Centre (24; 36.4%), South-West (16; 24.2%), West (13; 19.7%), Littoral (9; 13.6%) and other (4; 6.1%) regions of Cameroon. These studies reported AMR in human (45; 68.2%), animals (9; 13.6%) and the environment (12; 18.2%). Overall, 19 species of bacteria were tested against 48 antibiotics. These organisms were resistant to all classes of antibiotics and showed high levels of multidrug resistance. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus spp were reported in 23, 19 and 18 of the human studies and revealed multidrug resistance (MDR) rates of 47.1% [95% CI (37.3–57.2%)], 51.0% [95% CI (42.0–59.9)] and 45.2% [95% CI (38.0–54.7)], respectively. Salmonella spp was reported in 6 of the animal studies and showed a MDR rate of 46.2% [95% CI (39.2–53.5%)] while Staphylococcus spp in 8 of environment studies showed MDR rate of 67.1% [95% CI (55.2–77.2%)]. Conclusion This review shows that resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics in Cameroon is high. The findings emphasize the urgent need to address gaps in the standardization of AMR diagnostics, reporting and use of available information to optimize treatment guidelines for the arsenal of antibiotics. Effective AMR surveillance through continued data sharing, large-scale collaboration, and coordination of all stakeholders is essential to understand and manage the AMR national burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moctar Mouliom Mouiche
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon. .,MOSAIC, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Frédéric Moffo
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.,Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Zootechnics, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Ndode Herman Okah-Nnane
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.,Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Veterinary Research Laboratory, Wakwa Regional Center, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Nabilah Pemi Mapiefou
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | | | - Abel Wade
- National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET), Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Henri René Zambou
- Epidemiology-Public Health-Veterinary Association (ESPV), Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean Marc Kameni Feussom
- Epidemiology-Public Health-Veterinary Association (ESPV), Yaounde, Cameroon.,Cameroon Epidemiological Network for Animal Diseases (RESCAM), Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Julius Awah-Ndukum
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.,Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Zootechnics, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
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15
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Diffo J, Ndze VN, Ntumvi NF, Takuo JM, Mouiche MMM, Tamoufe U, Nwobegahay J, LeBreton M, Gillis A, Schneider BS, Fair JM, Monagin C, McIver DJ, Joly DO, Wolfe ND, Rubin EM, Lange CE. DNA of diverse adenoviruses detected in Cameroonian rodent and shrew species. Arch Virol 2019; 164:2359-2366. [PMID: 31240484 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rodent adenoviruses are important models for human disease. In contrast to the over 70 adenovirus types isolated from humans, few rodent adenoviruses are known, despite the vast diversity of rodent species. PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to investigate adenovirus diversity in wild rodents and shrews in Cameroon. Adenovirus DNA was detected in 13.8% of animals (n = 218). All detected sequences differ from known adenovirus types by more than 10% at the amino acid level, thus indicating up to 14 novel adenovirus species. These results highlight the diversity of rodent adenoviruses, their phylogeny, and opportunities for studying alternative adenovirus rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bradley S Schneider
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, USA.,Etiologic, Oakland, CA, USA.,Pinpoint Science, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph M Fair
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, USA.,VIRION, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Corina Monagin
- Metabiota Inc, San Francisco, USA.,One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | | | - Damien O Joly
- Metabiota Inc, Nanaimo, Canada.,British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, Victoria, Canada
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16
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Ntumvi NF, Mbala Kingebeni P, Tamoufe U, Kumakamba C, Ndze V, Ngay Lukusa I, LeBreton M, Atibu Losoma J, Le Doux Diffo J, N'Kawa F, Takuo JM, Mulembakani P, Nwobegahay J, Makuwa M, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Gillis A, Harris S, Rimoin AW, Hoff NA, Fair JM, Monagin C, Ayukekbong J, Rubin EM, Wolfe ND, Lange CE. High Herpesvirus Diversity in Wild Rodent and Shrew Species in Central Africa. Intervirology 2018; 61:155-165. [PMID: 30448834 DOI: 10.1159/000493796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herpesviruses belong to a diverse order of large DNA viruses that can cause diseases in humans and animals. With the goal of gathering information about the distribution and diversity of herpesviruses in wild rodent and shrew species in central Africa, animals in Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of the Congo were sampled and tested by PCR for the presence of herpesvirus DNA. METHODS A broad range PCRs targeting either the Polymerase or the terminase gene were used for virus detection. Amplified products from PCR were sequenced and isolates analysed for phylogenetic placement. RESULTS Overall, samples of 1,004 animals of various rodent and shrew species were tested and 24 were found to be positive for herpesvirus DNA. Six of these samples contained strains of known viruses, while the other positive samples revealed DNA sequences putatively belonging to 11 previously undescribed herpesviruses. The new isolates are beta- and gammaherpesviruses and the shrew isolates appear to form a separate cluster within the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily. CONCLUSION The diversity of viruses detected is higher than in similar studies in Europe and Asia. The high diversity of rodent and shrew species occurring in central Africa may be the reason for a higher diversity in herpesviruses in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean J Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | - Anne W Rimoin
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicole A Hoff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joseph M Fair
- Metabiota, San Francisco, California, USA.,VIRION, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Corina Monagin
- Metabiota, San Francisco, California, USA.,One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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17
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Wade A, Taïga T, Fouda MA, MaiMoussa A, Jean Marc FK, Njouom R, Vernet MA, Djonwe G, Mballa E, Kazi JP, Salla A, Nenkam R, Poueme Namegni R, Bamanga H, Casimir NKM, LeBreton M, Nwobegahay JM, Fusaro A, Zecchin B, Milani A, Gaston M, Chepnda VR, Dickmu Jumbo S, Souley A, Aboubakar Y, Fotso Kamnga Z, Nkuo C, Atkam H, Dauphin G, Wiersma L, Bebay C, Nzietchueng S, Vincent T, Biaou C, Mbacham W, Monne I, Cattoli G. Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in poultry in Cameroon, 2016-2017. Avian Pathol 2018; 47:559-575. [PMID: 29985640 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1492087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In May 2016, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of the subtype A/H5N1 was detected in Cameroon in an industrial poultry farm at Mvog-Betsi, Yaoundé (Centre region), with a recorded sudden increase of deaths among chickens, and an overall mortality rate of 75%. The virus spread further and caused new outbreaks in some parts of the country. In total, 21 outbreaks were confirmed from May 2016 to March 2017 (six in the Centre, six in the West, eight in the South and one in the Adamaoua regions). This resulted in an estimated total loss of 138,252 birds (44,451 deaths due to infection and 93,801 stamped out). Only domestic birds (chickens, ducks and geese) were affected in farms as well as in poultry markets. The outbreaks occurred in three waves, the first from May to June 2016, the second in September 2016 and the last wave in March 2017. The topology of the phylogeny based on the haemagglutinin gene segment indicated that the causative H5N1 viruses fall within the genetic clade 2.3.2.1c, within the same group as the A/H5N1 viruses collected in Niger in 2015 and 2016. More importantly, the gene constellation of four representative viruses showed evidence of H5N1/H9N2 intra-clade reassortment. Additional epidemiological and genetic data from affected countries in West Africa are needed to better trace the origin, spread and evolution of A/H5N1 in Cameroon. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS HPAI A/H5N1 was detected in May 2016 in domestic chickens in Yaoundé-Cameroon. Twenty-one outbreaks in total were confirmed from May 2016 to March 2017. The causative H5N1 viruses fall within the genetic clade 2.3.2.1c. The viral gene constellation showed evidence of H5N1/H9N2 intra-clade reassortment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Wade
- a Laboratoire National Veterinaire (LANAVET) , Yaoundé , Cameroon.,b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Taïga Taïga
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gaston Djonwe
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Robert Nenkam
- a Laboratoire National Veterinaire (LANAVET) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | | | - Hamadou Bamanga
- a Laboratoire National Veterinaire (LANAVET) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Ndongo K M Casimir
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | | | | | - Alice Fusaro
- h Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Bianca Zecchin
- h Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Adelaide Milani
- h Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Meyebe Gaston
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Vitalis R Chepnda
- i Emerging and Reemerging Zoonotic Diseases Program , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | | | | | - Yaya Aboubakar
- a Laboratoire National Veterinaire (LANAVET) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Zephyrin Fotso Kamnga
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Conrad Nkuo
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Hamman Atkam
- b Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries (MINEPIA) , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Gwenaelle Dauphin
- j Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) Headquarters , Roma , Italy
| | - Lidewij Wiersma
- j Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) Headquarters , Roma , Italy
| | | | | | - Tanya Vincent
- m Administration, University of Bamenda , Bamenda , Cameroon
| | - Cyprien Biaou
- j Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO) Headquarters , Roma , Italy
| | - Wilfred Mbacham
- n Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaoundé I , Yaoundé , Cameroon
| | - Isabella Monne
- h Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie , Legnaro , Italy
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- o Animal Production and Health Laboratory , Joint FAO/IAEA Division for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, IAEA , Vienna , Austria
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18
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Maes P, Alkhovsky SV, Bào Y, Beer M, Birkhead M, Briese T, Buchmeier MJ, Calisher CH, Charrel RN, Choi IR, Clegg CS, de la Torre JC, Delwart E, DeRisi JL, Di Bello PL, Di Serio F, Digiaro M, Dolja VV, Drosten C, Druciarek TZ, Du J, Ebihara H, Elbeaino T, Gergerich RC, Gillis AN, Gonzalez JPJ, Haenni AL, Hepojoki J, Hetzel U, Hồ T, Hóng N, Jain RK, Jansen van Vuren P, Jin Q, Jonson MG, Junglen S, Keller KE, Kemp A, Kipar A, Kondov NO, Koonin EV, Kormelink R, Korzyukov Y, Krupovic M, Lambert AJ, Laney AG, LeBreton M, Lukashevich IS, Marklewitz M, Markotter W, Martelli GP, Martin RR, Mielke-Ehret N, Mühlbach HP, Navarro B, Ng TFF, Nunes MRT, Palacios G, Pawęska JT, Peters CJ, Plyusnin A, Radoshitzky SR, Romanowski V, Salmenperä P, Salvato MS, Sanfaçon H, Sasaya T, Schmaljohn C, Schneider BS, Shirako Y, Siddell S, Sironen TA, Stenglein MD, Storm N, Sudini H, Tesh RB, Tzanetakis IE, Uppala M, Vapalahti O, Vasilakis N, Walker PJ, Wáng G, Wáng L, Wáng Y, Wèi T, Wiley MR, Wolf YI, Wolfe ND, Wú Z, Xú W, Yang L, Yāng Z, Yeh SD, Zhāng YZ, Zhèng Y, Zhou X, Zhū C, Zirkel F, Kuhn JH. Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales: update 2018. Arch Virol 2018; 163:2295-2310. [PMID: 29680923 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In 2018, the family Arenaviridae was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 5 novel species. At the same time, the recently established order Bunyavirales was expanded by 3 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet Maes
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergey V Alkhovsky
- D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yīmíng Bào
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Monica Birkhead
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Thomas Briese
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael J Buchmeier
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Charles H Calisher
- Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Rémi N Charrel
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Il Ryong Choi
- Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | | | - Juan Carlos de la Torre
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, IMM-6, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Microbiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrick L Di Bello
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Francesco Di Serio
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Valerian V Dolja
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tobiasz Z Druciarek
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jiang Du
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hideki Ebihara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Rose C Gergerich
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | | | - Jean-Paul J Gonzalez
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Disease, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Anne-Lise Haenni
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jussi Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland.,Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Udo Hetzel
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thiện Hồ
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Ní Hóng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Petrus Jansen van Vuren
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa.,Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Viral Zoonoses, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Qi Jin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Miranda Gilda Jonson
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sandra Junglen
- Institute of Virology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Karen E Keller
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Alan Kemp
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Anja Kipar
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Eugene V Koonin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Kormelink
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yegor Korzyukov
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mart Krupovic
- Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Amy J Lambert
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Alma G Laney
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Igor S Lukashevich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marco Marklewitz
- Institute of Virology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Free University Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wanda Markotter
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa.,Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Viral Zoonoses, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Giovanni P Martelli
- Department of Plant, Soil and Food Sciences, University "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Robert R Martin
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Beatriz Navarro
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Terry Fei Fan Ng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Pará, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Janusz T Pawęska
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa.,Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Viral Zoonoses, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Clarence J Peters
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alexander Plyusnin
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sheli R Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Víctor Romanowski
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Centro Cientifico Technológico-La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pertteli Salmenperä
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland.,Blueprint Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria S Salvato
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hélène Sanfaçon
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - Takahide Sasaya
- Department of Planning and Coordination, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Connie Schmaljohn
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Yukio Shirako
- Asian Center for Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stuart Siddell
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tarja A Sironen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark D Stenglein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Nadia Storm
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Harikishan Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ioannis E Tzanetakis
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Mangala Uppala
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Medicum, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Virology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Peter J Walker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Guópíng Wáng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lìpíng Wáng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yànxiăng Wáng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tàiyún Wèi
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Michael R Wiley
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA.,University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yuri I Wolf
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathan D Wolfe
- Metabiota, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Global Viral, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhìqiáng Wú
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wénxìng Xú
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Horticultural Crop (Fruit Trees) Biology and Germplasm Creation, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Zuòkūn Yāng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shyi-Dong Yeh
- National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yǒng-Zhèn Zhāng
- Department of Zoonoses, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Yàzhōu Zhèng
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chénxī Zhū
- State Key Laboratory of Agromicrobiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Florian Zirkel
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Division of Clinical Research (DCR), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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19
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Judson SD, LeBreton M, Fuller T, Hoffman RM, Njabo K, Brewer TF, Dibongue E, Diffo J, Kameni JMF, Loul S, Nchinda GW, Njouom R, Nwobegahay J, Takuo JM, Torimiro JN, Wade A, Smith TB. Translating Predictions of Zoonotic Viruses for Policymakers. Ecohealth 2018; 15:52-62. [PMID: 29230614 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-017-1304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease and Zika virus disease highlight the need for disseminating accurate predictions of emerging zoonotic viruses to national governments for disease surveillance and response. Although there are published maps for many emerging zoonotic viruses, it is unknown if there is agreement among different models or if they are concordant with national expert opinion. Therefore, we reviewed existing predictions for five high priority emerging zoonotic viruses with national experts in Cameroon to investigate these issues and determine how to make predictions more useful for national policymakers. Predictive maps relied primarily on environmental parameters and species distribution models. Rift Valley fever virus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus predictions differed from national expert opinion, potentially because of local livestock movements. Our findings reveal that involving national experts could elicit additional data to improve predictions of emerging pathogens as well as help repackage predictions for policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Judson
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | | | | | - Risa M Hoffman
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Njabo
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy F Brewer
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | | | - Jean-Marc Feussom Kameni
- Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Epidemiology-Public Health-Veterinary Association (ESPV), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Severin Loul
- Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Godwin W Nchinda
- The Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on the Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Judith N Torimiro
- The Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on the Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Abel Wade
- National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET) Annex, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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20
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Roll U, Feldman A, Novosolov M, Allison A, Bauer AM, Bernard R, Böhm M, Castro-Herrera F, Chirio L, Collen B, Colli GR, Dabool L, Das I, Doan TM, Grismer LL, Hoogmoed M, Itescu Y, Kraus F, LeBreton M, Lewin A, Martins M, Maza E, Meirte D, Nagy ZT, Nogueira CDC, Pauwels OSG, Pincheira-Donoso D, Powney GD, Sindaco R, Tallowin O, Torres-Carvajal O, Trape JF, Vidan E, Uetz P, Wagner P, Wang Y, Orme CDL, Grenyer R, Meiri S. Author Correction: The global distribution of tetrapods reveals a need for targeted reptile conservation. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 2:193. [PMID: 29208994 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uri Roll
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX13QY, UK.,Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Anat Feldman
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Maria Novosolov
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Allen Allison
- Hawaii Biological Survey, 4 Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, 96817, USA
| | - Aaron M Bauer
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA
| | - Rodolphe Bernard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Monika Böhm
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Fernando Castro-Herrera
- School of Basic Sciences, Physiology Sciences Department, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Ben Collen
- Centre for Biodiversity & Environment Research, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guarino R Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lital Dabool
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Indraneil Das
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, 94300, Malaysia
| | - Tiffany M Doan
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Lee L Grismer
- Department of Biology, La Sierra University, Riverside, CA, 92505, USA
| | - Marinus Hoogmoed
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi/CZO, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, 66017-970, Brazil
| | - Yuval Itescu
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Fred Kraus
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann-Arbor, MI, 48109-1048, USA
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Mosaic, (Environment, Health, Data, Technology), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Amir Lewin
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Marcio Martins
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Erez Maza
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Danny Meirte
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, Tervuren, 3080, Belgium
| | - Zoltán T Nagy
- Joint sExperimental Molecular Unit, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, B-1000, Belgium
| | - Cristiano de C Nogueira
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Olivier S G Pauwels
- Département des Vertébrés Récents, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, B-1000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Pincheira-Donoso
- School of Life Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Brayford Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Gary D Powney
- NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Roberto Sindaco
- Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Carmagnola, TO, I-10022, Italy
| | - Oliver Tallowin
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Omar Torres-Carvajal
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jean-François Trape
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Laboratoire de Paludologie et Zoologie Médicale, UMR MIVEGEC, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Enav Vidan
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Peter Uetz
- Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Philipp Wagner
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, 19085, USA.,Zoologische Staatssammlung München, München, D-81247, Germany
| | - Yuezhao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - C David L Orme
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Richard Grenyer
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX13QY, UK
| | - Shai Meiri
- Department of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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21
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Meiri S, Bauer AM, Allison A, Castro-Herrera F, Chirio L, Colli G, Das I, Doan TM, Glaw F, Grismer LL, Hoogmoed M, Kraus F, LeBreton M, Meirte D, Nagy ZT, Nogueira CDC, Oliver P, Pauwels OSG, Pincheira-Donoso D, Shea G, Sindaco R, Tallowin OJS, Torres-Carvajal O, Trape JF, Uetz P, Wagner P, Wang Y, Ziegler T, Roll U. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: The lizard species with the smallest ranges. DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shai Meiri
- School of Zoology; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Aaron M. Bauer
- Department of Biology; Villanova University; Villanova PA USA
| | - Allen Allison
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology; Bishop Museum; Honolulu HI USA
| | - Fernando Castro-Herrera
- Physiology Sciences Department; School of Basic Sciences; Universidad del Valle; Cali Colombia
| | | | - Guarino Colli
- Department of Zoology; University of Brasília; Brasília Brazil
| | - Indraneil Das
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation; Universiti Malaysia Sarawak; Kota Samarahan Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Tiffany M. Doan
- Division of Natural Sciences; New College of Florida; Sarasota FL USA
| | - Frank Glaw
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München; München Germany
| | - Lee L. Grismer
- Herpetology Laboratory; Department of Biology; La Sierra University; Riverside CA USA
| | | | - Fred Kraus
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Michigan; Ann-Arbor MI USA
| | | | - Danny Meirte
- Royal Museum for Central Africa; Tervuren Belgium
| | - Zoltán T. Nagy
- Department of Recent Vertebrates; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Paul Oliver
- Ecology and Evolution; Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra ACT Australia
| | | | | | - Glenn Shea
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | | | - Omar Torres-Carvajal
- Museo de Zoología; Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Quito Ecuador
| | | | - Peter Uetz
- Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | | | - Yuezhao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu China
| | - Thomas Ziegler
- AG Zoologischer Garten Köln; Cologne Germany
- Institute of Zoology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Uri Roll
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology; Ben Gurion University of the Negev; Beersheba Israel
- School of Geography & the Environment; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
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22
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Roll U, Feldman A, Novosolov M, Allison A, Bauer AM, Bernard R, Böhm M, Castro-Herrera F, Chirio L, Collen B, Colli GR, Dabool L, Das I, Doan TM, Grismer LL, Hoogmoed M, Itescu Y, Kraus F, LeBreton M, Lewin A, Martins M, Maza E, Meirte D, Nagy ZT, de C. Nogueira C, Pauwels OSG, Pincheira-Donoso D, Powney GD, Sindaco R, Tallowin OJS, Torres-Carvajal O, Trape JF, Vidan E, Uetz P, Wagner P, Wang Y, Orme CDL, Grenyer R, Meiri S. The global distribution of tetrapods reveals a need for targeted reptile conservation. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1677-1682. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Cange CW, LeBreton M, Saylors K, Billong S, Tamoufe U, Fokam P, Baral S. Female sex workers' empowerment strategies amid HIV-related socioeconomic vulnerabilities in Cameroon. Cult Health Sex 2017; 19:1053-1065. [PMID: 28264630 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2017.1291993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Research has consistently demonstrated that female sex workers use a variety of empowerment strategies to protect one another and their families. This study examines the strategies Cameroonian sex workers employ to do so. In-depth interviews and focus-group discussions were conducted with 100 sex workers. Coded texts were analysed for recurring themes. Sex workers reported being concerned with physical violence and sexual assault and demands from authorities for bribes to avoid fines and/or imprisonment. Women described strategies such as 'looking out for' each other when faced with security threats. Many reported staying in sex work to provide for their children through education and other circumstances to allow them to lead a better life. Sex worker mothers reported not using condoms when clients offered higher pay, or with intimate partners, even when they understood the risk of HIV transmission to themselves. Concern for their children's quality of life took precedence over HIV-related risks, even when sex workers were the children's primary carers. A sex worker empowerment programme with a focus on family-oriented services could offer an effective and novel approach to increasing coverage of HIV prevention, treatment and care in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W Cange
- a Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , USA
- b Department of Health Sciences , Lehman College, The City University of New York , New York City , USA
| | | | | | - Serge Billong
- e Comité national de lutte contre le sida , Ministère de la Santé Publique , Yaoundé , Cameroun
| | | | - Pamella Fokam
- f Cameroon Women's Medical Association (CMWA) , Bamenda , Cameroon
| | - Stefan Baral
- a Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , USA
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24
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Decker MR, Lyons C, Billong SC, Njindam IM, Grosso A, Nunez GT, Tumasang F, LeBreton M, Tamoufe U, Baral S. Gender-based violence against female sex workers in Cameroon: prevalence and associations with sexual HIV risk and access to health services and justice. Sex Transm Infect 2016; 92:599-604. [PMID: 27280972 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Female sex workers (FSWs) are at risk for HIV and physical and sexual gender-based violence (GBV). We describe the prevalence of lifetime GBV and its associations with HIV risk behaviour, access to health services and barriers in accessing justice among FSWs in Cameroon. METHODS FSWs (n=1817) were recruited for a cross-sectional study through snowball sampling in seven cities in Cameroon. We examined associations of lifetime GBV with key outcomes via adjusted logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall, 60% (1098/1817) had experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. GBV was associated with inconsistent condom use with clients (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.49, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.87), being offered more money for condomless sex (AOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.79), having had a condom slip or break (AOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.87) and difficulty suggesting condoms with non-paying partners (AOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.87). Violence was also associated with fear of health services (AOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.61 to 3.16) and mistreatment in a health centre (AOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.73). Access to justice was constrained for FSWs with a GBV history, specifically feeling that police did not protect them (AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.78). DISCUSSION Among FSWs in Cameroon, violence is prevalent and undermines HIV prevention and access to healthcare and justice. Violence is highly relevant to FSWs' ability to successfully negotiate condom use and engage in healthcare. In this setting of criminalised sex work, an integrated, multisectoral GBV-HIV strategy that attends to structural risk is needed to enhance safety, HIV prevention and access to care and justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Decker
- Department of Population, Family & Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carrie Lyons
- Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Serge Clotaire Billong
- Comité national de lutte contre le sida (CNLS), Ministère de la Sante Publique (MINSANTE), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Iliassou Mfochive Njindam
- Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashley Grosso
- Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gnilane Turpin Nunez
- Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Florence Tumasang
- PEPFAR DSF Ministère de la Sante Publique (MINSANTE), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Stefan Baral
- Center for Public Health & Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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Kuhn JH, Lauck M, Bailey AL, Shchetinin AM, Vishnevskaya TV, Bào Y, Ng TFF, LeBreton M, Schneider BS, Gillis A, Tamoufe U, Diffo JLD, Takuo JM, Kondov NO, Coffey LL, Wolfe ND, Delwart E, Clawson AN, Postnikova E, Bollinger L, Lackemeyer MG, Radoshitzky SR, Palacios G, Wada J, Shevtsova ZV, Jahrling PB, Lapin BA, Deriabin PG, Dunowska M, Alkhovsky SV, Rogers J, Friedrich TC, O'Connor DH, Goldberg TL. Reorganization and expansion of the nidoviral family Arteriviridae. Arch Virol 2016; 161:755-68. [PMID: 26608064 PMCID: PMC5573231 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The family Arteriviridae presently includes a single genus Arterivirus. This genus includes four species as the taxonomic homes for equine arteritis virus (EAV), lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV), porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV), and simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV), respectively. A revision of this classification is urgently needed to accommodate the recent description of eleven highly divergent simian arteriviruses in diverse African nonhuman primates, one novel arterivirus in an African forest giant pouched rat, and a novel arterivirus in common brushtails in New Zealand. In addition, the current arterivirus nomenclature is not in accordance with the most recent version of the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature. Here we outline an updated, amended, and improved arterivirus taxonomy based on current data. Taxon-specific sequence cut-offs are established relying on a newly established open reading frame 1b phylogeny and pairwise sequence comparison (PASC) of coding-complete arterivirus genomes. As a result, the current genus Arterivirus is replaced by five genera: Equartevirus (for EAV), Rodartevirus (LDV + PRRSV), Simartevirus (SHFV + simian arteriviruses), Nesartevirus (for the arterivirus from forest giant pouched rats), and Dipartevirus (common brushtail arterivirus). The current species Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is divided into two species to accommodate the clear divergence of the European and American "types" of PRRSV, both of which now receive virus status. The current species Simian hemorrhagic fever virus is divided into nine species to accommodate the twelve known simian arteriviruses. Non-Latinized binomial species names are introduced to replace all current species names to clearly differentiate them from virus names, which remain largely unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Michael Lauck
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Adam L Bailey
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Alexey M Shchetinin
- D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Vishnevskaya
- D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yīmíng Bào
- Information Engineering Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lark L Coffey
- Center for Vectorborne Diseases, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna N Clawson
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Elena Postnikova
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Laura Bollinger
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Matthew G Lackemeyer
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Sheli R Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jiro Wada
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Zinaida V Shevtsova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy, Sukhumi, Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia
| | - Peter B Jahrling
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), Division of Clinical Research (DCR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), B-8200 Research Plaza, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Boris A Lapin
- Scientific-Research Institute of Medical Primatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Sochi, Russia
| | - Petr G Deriabin
- D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Magdalena Dunowska
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sergey V Alkhovsky
- D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named After the Honorary Academician N. F. Gamaleya, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas C Friedrich
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - David H O'Connor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Tony L Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
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Cange CW, LeBreton M, Billong S, Saylors K, Tamoufe U, Papworth E, Yomb Y, Baral S. Influence of stigma and homophobia on mental health and on the uptake of HIV/sexually transmissible infection services for Cameroonian men who have sex with men. Sex Health 2015; 12:315-21. [PMID: 26117222 DOI: 10.1071/sh15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Cameroon consistently face significant stigma and discrimination. The urban HIV prevalence in MSM is estimated at 35%. This study investigates the effect of stigma, discrimination and alienation on Cameroonian MSM's engagement of the HIV treatment cascade. METHODS Qualitative interviews were semi-structured using a guide. Participants in Douala, Ngaoundere, Bamenda, Bertoua and Yaoundé were asked to describe the MSM social and structural context, MSM knowledge of existing HIV-related services in public and MSM-focussed non-governmental organisation (NGO) clinics. Using a codebook, coded text was extracted from 40 transcripts with Microsoft Word Macros. These texts were analysed for recurring themes that were developed into results. RESULTS There were three main themes that emerged. First, among those MSM participants seeking HIV services, many commonly reported experiences of discrimination and physical violence outside the healthcare setting. Second, a few respondents used services provided by the Ministry of Health and local NGOs. However, most participants observed limited clinical and cultural competency of public clinic staff. Third, MSM declared that lack of social support and healthcare access caused them much stress. Several individuals recounted their alienation greatly discouraged them from seeking HIV prevention, treatment and care services. CONCLUSIONS Community-level and public healthcare-related stigma impacts the mental wellbeing of Cameroonian MSM. Alienation among MSM also represents a common obstacle to the uptake of MSM-oriented HIV/AIDS services. Improving provider cultural and clinical competency among Cameroonian health care workers combined with a broader stigma-reduction intervention for Cameroonian healthcare may increase the uptake of HIV prevention, treatment and care among MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W Cange
- Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | | | - Serge Billong
- Comité national de lutte contre le sida (CNLS), Ministère de la Santé Publique (MINSANTE), Face Fondation Chantal BIYA, BP 1459 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Karen Saylors
- Global Viral, 1 Sutter St # 600 Metabiota, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
| | | | - Erin Papworth
- Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yves Yomb
- Alternatives-Cameroun, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Stefan Baral
- Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Pernet O, Schneider BS, Beaty SM, LeBreton M, Yun TE, Park A, Zachariah TT, Bowden TA, Hitchens P, Ramirez CM, Daszak P, Mazet J, Freiberg AN, Wolfe ND, Lee B. Evidence for henipavirus spillover into human populations in Africa. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5342. [PMID: 25405640 PMCID: PMC4237230 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic transmission of lethal henipaviruses (HNVs) from their natural fruit bat reservoirs to humans has only been reported in Australia and South/Southeast Asia. However, a recent study discovered numerous HNV clades in African bat samples. To determine the potential for HNV spillover events among humans in Africa, here we examine well-curated sets of bat (Eidolon helvum, n=44) and human (n=497) serum samples from Cameroon for Nipah virus (NiV) cross-neutralizing antibodies (NiV-X-Nabs). Using a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based pseudoparticle seroneutralization assay, we detect NiV-X-Nabs in 48% and 3–4% of the bat and human samples, respectively. Seropositive human samples are found almost exclusively in individuals who reported butchering bats for bushmeat. Seropositive human sera also neutralize Hendra virus and Gh-M74a (an African HNV) pseudoparticles, as well as live NiV. Butchering bat meat and living in areas undergoing deforestation are the most significant risk factors associated with seropositivity. Evidence for HNV spillover events warrants increased surveillance efforts. Henipaviruses (HNVs) infect bats in Asia and Africa, but transmission to humans (often with lethal consequences) is known only in Asia. Here the authors show that 3% of human serum samples from certain areas in Cameroon contain antibodies against HNV, indicating spillover into the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pernet
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Bradley S Schneider
- Global Viral/Metabiota Laboratory Sciences, San Francisco, California 90104, USA
| | - Shannon M Beaty
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [2] Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Global Viral/Metabiota Laboratory Sciences, San Francisco, California 90104, USA
| | - Tatyana E Yun
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Arnold Park
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [2] Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Trevor T Zachariah
- Brevard Zoo Veterinary Services, Brevard Zoo, Melbourne, 32940 Florida, USA
| | - Thomas A Bowden
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Peta Hitchens
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Christina M Ramirez
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Peter Daszak
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York 10001, USA
| | - Jonna Mazet
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Alexander N Freiberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Nathan D Wolfe
- Global Viral/Metabiota Laboratory Sciences, San Francisco, California 90104, USA
| | - Benhur Lee
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [2] Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Iles JC, Raghwani J, Harrison GLA, Pepin J, Djoko CF, Tamoufe U, LeBreton M, Schneider BS, Fair JN, Tshala FM, Kayembe PK, Muyembe JJ, Edidi-Basepeo S, Wolfe ND, Simmonds P, Klenerman P, Pybus OG. Phylogeography and epidemic history of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in Africa. Virology 2014; 464-465:233-243. [PMID: 25105489 PMCID: PMC4162651 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
HCV genotype 4 is prevalent in many African countries, yet little is known about the genotype׳s epidemic history on the continent. We present a comprehensive study of the molecular epidemiology of genotype 4. To address the deficit of data from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) we PCR amplified 60 new HCV isolates from the DRC, resulting in 33 core- and 48 NS5B-region sequences. Our data, together with genotype 4 database sequences, were analysed using Bayesian phylogenetic approaches. We find three well-supported intra-genotypic lineages and estimate that the genotype 4 common ancestor existed around 1733 (1650-1805). We show that genotype 4 originated in central Africa and that multiple lineages have been exported to north Africa since ~1850, including subtype 4a which dominates the epidemic in Egypt. We speculate on the causes of the historical intra-continental spread of genotype 4, including population movements during World War 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Iles
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Jayna Raghwani
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - G L Abby Harrison
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jacques Pepin
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Felix M Tshala
- Department of Military Health, Ministry of Defense, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Patrick K Kayembe
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Jacques Muyembe
- National Institute of Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Samuel Edidi-Basepeo
- National AIDS Control Program, Reference Laboratory, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nathan D Wolfe
- Metabiota, San Francisco, USA; Stanford University Program in Human Biology, Stanford, USA
| | - Peter Simmonds
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
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Katzourakis A, Aiewsakun P, Jia H, Wolfe ND, LeBreton M, Yoder AD, Switzer WM. Discovery of prosimian and afrotherian foamy viruses and potential cross species transmissions amidst stable and ancient mammalian co-evolution. Retrovirology 2014; 11:61. [PMID: 25091111 PMCID: PMC4261875 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-11-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foamy viruses (FVs) are a unique subfamily of retroviruses that are widely distributed in mammals. Owing to the availability of sequences from diverse mammals coupled with their pattern of codivergence with their hosts, FVs have one of the best-understood viral evolutionary histories ever documented, estimated to have an ancient origin. Nonetheless, our knowledge of some parts of FV evolution, notably that of prosimian and afrotherian FVs, is far from complete due to the lack of sequence data. Results Here, we report the complete genome of the first extant prosimian FV (PSFV) isolated from a lorisiforme galago (PSFVgal), and a novel partial endogenous viral element with high sequence similarity to FVs, present in the afrotherian Cape golden mole genome (ChrEFV). We also further characterize a previously discovered endogenous PSFV present in the aye-aye genome (PSFVaye). Using phylogenetic methods and available FV sequence data, we show a deep divergence and stable co-evolution of FVs in eutherian mammals over 100 million years. Nonetheless, we found that the evolutionary histories of bat, aye-aye, and New World monkey FVs conflict with the evolutionary histories of their hosts. By combining sequence analysis and biogeographical knowledge, we propose explanations for these mismatches in FV-host evolutionary history. Conclusion Our discovery of ChrEFV has expanded the FV host range to cover the whole eutherian clade, and our evolutionary analyses suggest a stable mammalian FV-host co-speciation pattern which extends as deep as the exafroplacentalian basal diversification. Nonetheless, two possible cases of host switching were observed. One was among New World monkey FVs, and the other involves PSFVaye and a bat FV which may involve cross-species transmission at the level of mammalian orders. Our results highlight the value of integrating multiple sources of information to elucidate the evolutionary history of viruses, including continental and geographical histories, ancestral host locations, in addition to the natural history of host and virus. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1742-4690-11-61) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Katzourakis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
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Leaché AD, Wagner P, Linkem CW, Böhme W, Papenfuss TJ, Chong RA, Lavin BR, Bauer AM, Nielsen SV, Greenbaum E, Rödel MO, Schmitz A, LeBreton M, Ineich I, Chirio L, Ofori-Boateng C, Eniang EA, Baha El Din S, Lemmon AR, Burbrink FT. A hybrid phylogenetic-phylogenomic approach for species tree estimation in African Agama lizards with applications to biogeography, character evolution, and diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 79:215-30. [PMID: 24973715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Africa is renowned for its biodiversity and endemicity, yet little is known about the factors shaping them across the continent. African Agama lizards (45 species) have a pan-continental distribution, making them an ideal model for investigating biogeography. Many species have evolved conspicuous sexually dimorphic traits, including extravagant breeding coloration in adult males, large adult male body sizes, and variability in social systems among colorful versus drab species. We present a comprehensive time-calibrated species tree for Agama, and their close relatives, using a hybrid phylogenetic-phylogenomic approach that combines traditional Sanger sequence data from five loci for 57 species (146 samples) with anchored phylogenomic data from 215 nuclear genes for 23 species. The Sanger data are analyzed using coalescent-based species tree inference using (*)BEAST, and the resulting posterior distribution of species trees is attenuated using the phylogenomic tree as a backbone constraint. The result is a time-calibrated species tree for Agama that includes 95% of all species, multiple samples for most species, strong support for the major clades, and strong support for most of the initial divergence events. Diversification within Agama began approximately 23 million years ago (Ma), and separate radiations in Southern, East, West, and Northern Africa have been diversifying for >10Myr. A suite of traits (morphological, coloration, and sociality) are tightly correlated and show a strong signal of high morphological disparity within clades, whereby the subsequent evolution of convergent phenotypes has accompanied diversification into new biogeographic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Leaché
- Department of Biology & Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA.
| | - Philipp Wagner
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D53113 Bonn, Germany; Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - Charles W Linkem
- Department of Biology & Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA
| | - Wolfgang Böhme
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Rebecca A Chong
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA
| | - Brian R Lavin
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - Aaron M Bauer
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - Stuart V Nielsen
- Department of Biology, Box 1848, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Eli Greenbaum
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Mark-Oliver Rödel
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmitz
- Department of Herpetology and Ichthyology, Natural History Museum of Geneva, C.P. 6434, CH-1211, Geneva 6, Switzerland
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Départment Systématique et Evolution (Reptiles), ISYEB (Institut Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 CNRS/EPHE/MNHN), Paris, France
| | - Ivan Ineich
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Départment Systématique et Evolution (Reptiles), ISYEB (Institut Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 CNRS/EPHE/MNHN), Paris, France
| | - Laurent Chirio
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Départment Systématique et Evolution (Reptiles), ISYEB (Institut Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 CNRS/EPHE/MNHN), Paris, France
| | | | - Edem A Eniang
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
| | - Sherif Baha El Din
- Nature Conservation Sector, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, 3 Abdalla El Katib, Apt. 3, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alan R Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Dirac Science Library, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4102, USA
| | - Frank T Burbrink
- Department of Biology, The College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
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Rimoin AW, Hoff NA, Djoko CF, Kisalu NK, Kashamuka M, Tamoufe U, LeBreton M, Kayembe PK, Muyembe JJ, Kitchen CR, Saylors K, Fair J, Doshi R, Papworth E, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Grillo MP, Tshala F, Peeters M, Wolfe ND. HIV infection and risk factors among the armed forces personnel stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Int J STD AIDS 2014; 26:187-95. [PMID: 24828556 DOI: 10.1177/0956462414533672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent declines in HIV incidence, sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region in the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. Estimates of HIV prevalence in African military personnel are scarce and inconsistent. We conducted a serosurvey between June and September 2007 among 4043 Armed Forces personnel of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to determine the prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections and describe associated risk behaviours. Participants provided blood for HIV and syphilis testing and responded to a demographic and risk factor questionnaire. The prevalence of HIV was 3.8% and the prevalence of syphilis was 11.9%. Women were more likely than men to be HIV positive, (7.5% vs. 3.6% respectively, aOR: 1.66, 95% C.I: 1.21-2.28, p < 0.05). Factors significantly associated with HIV infection included gender and self-reported genital ulcers in the 12 months before date of enrollment. The prevalence of HIV in the military appears to be higher than the general population in DRC (3.8% vs. 1.3%, respectively), with women at increased risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N A Hoff
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C F Djoko
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - N K Kisalu
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Kashamuka
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - U Tamoufe
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - M LeBreton
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - P K Kayembe
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - J J Muyembe
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - C R Kitchen
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Saylors
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - J Fair
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - R Doshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Papworth
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - M P Grillo
- Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Tshala
- Military Health Services, Ministry of Defense, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - M Peeters
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - N D Wolfe
- Global Viral Forecasting (now known as Metabiota) San Francisco, California, USA, and Yaoundé, Cameroon Program in Human Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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LeBreton M, Switzer WM, Djoko CF, Gillis A, Jia H, Sturgeon MM, Shankar A, Zheng H, Nkeunen G, Tamoufe U, Nana A, Le Doux Diffo J, Tafon B, Kiyang J, Schneider BS, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. A gorilla reservoir for human T-lymphotropic virus type 4. Emerg Microbes Infect 2014; 3:e7. [PMID: 26038495 PMCID: PMC3913825 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2014.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Of the seven known species of human retroviruses only one, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 4 (HTLV-4), lacks a known animal reservoir. We report the largest screening for simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV-4) to date in a wide range of captive and wild non-human primate (NHP) species from Cameroon. Among the 681 wild and 426 captive NHPs examined, we detected STLV-4 infection only among gorillas by using HTLV-4-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The large number of samples analyzed, the diversity of NHP species examined, the geographic distribution of infected animals relative to the known HTLV-4 case, as well as detailed phylogenetic analyses on partial and full genomes, indicate that STLV-4 is endemic to gorillas, and that rather than being an ancient virus among humans, HTLV-4 emerged from a gorilla reservoir, likely through the hunting and butchering of wild gorillas. Our findings shed further light on the importance of gorillas as keystone reservoirs for the evolution and emergence of human infectious diseases and provide a clear course for preventing HTLV-4 emergence through management of human contact with wild gorillas, the development of improved assays for HTLV-4/STLV-4 detection and the ongoing monitoring of STLV-4 among gorillas and for HTLV-4 zoonosis among individuals exposed to gorilla populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew LeBreton
- Mosaic, (Environment, Health, Data, Technology) , Yaoundé, Cameroon ; Global Viral Cameroon , BP 7039 Yaounde, Cameroon ; Metabiota , San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
| | - William M Switzer
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | | | - Amethyst Gillis
- Global Viral Cameroon , BP 7039 Yaounde, Cameroon ; Metabiota , San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
| | - Hongwei Jia
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Michele M Sturgeon
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Anupama Shankar
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Haoqiang Zheng
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | | | - Ubald Tamoufe
- Global Viral Cameroon , BP 7039 Yaounde, Cameroon ; Metabiota , San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
| | - Ahmadou Nana
- Global Viral Cameroon , BP 7039 Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Babila Tafon
- Ape Action Africa, Cameroon , BP 20072 Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Donald S Burke
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nathan D Wolfe
- Metabiota , San Francisco, CA 94104, USA ; Program in Human Biology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA ; Global Viral , San Francisco, CA 94104, USA
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Doherty-Bone TM, Ndifon RK, Nyingchia ON, Landrie FE, Yonghabi FT, Duffus ALJ, Price S, Perkins M, Bielby J, Kome NB, LeBreton M, Gonwouo LN, Cunningham AA. Morbidity and mortality of the Critically Endangered Lake Oku clawed frog Xenopus longipes. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Thomassen HA, Fuller T, Asefi-Najafabady S, Shiplacoff JAG, Mulembakani PM, Blumberg S, Johnston SC, Kisalu NK, Kinkela TL, Fair JN, Wolfe ND, Shongo RL, LeBreton M, Meyer H, Wright LL, Muyembe JJ, Buermann W, Okitolonda E, Hensley LE, Lloyd-Smith JO, Smith TB, Rimoin AW. Pathogen-host associations and predicted range shifts of human monkeypox in response to climate change in central Africa. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66071. [PMID: 23935820 PMCID: PMC3729955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to result in changes in the geographic ranges and local prevalence of infectious diseases, either through direct effects on the pathogen, or indirectly through range shifts in vector and reservoir species. To better understand the occurrence of monkeypox virus (MPXV), an emerging Orthopoxvirus in humans, under contemporary and future climate conditions, we used ecological niche modeling techniques in conjunction with climate and remote-sensing variables. We first created spatially explicit probability distributions of its candidate reservoir species in Africa's Congo Basin. Reservoir species distributions were subsequently used to model current and projected future distributions of human monkeypox (MPX). Results indicate that forest clearing and climate are significant driving factors of the transmission of MPX from wildlife to humans under current climate conditions. Models under contemporary climate conditions performed well, as indicated by high values for the area under the receiver operator curve (AUC), and tests on spatially randomly and non-randomly omitted test data. Future projections were made on IPCC 4(th) Assessment climate change scenarios for 2050 and 2080, ranging from more conservative to more aggressive, and representing the potential variation within which range shifts can be expected to occur. Future projections showed range shifts into regions where MPX has not been recorded previously. Increased suitability for MPX was predicted in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Models developed here are useful for identifying areas where environmental conditions may become more suitable for human MPX; targeting candidate reservoir species for future screening efforts; and prioritizing regions for future MPX surveillance efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri A. Thomassen
- Center for Tropical Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Comparative Zoology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Trevon Fuller
- Center for Tropical Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Salvi Asefi-Najafabady
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Julia A. G. Shiplacoff
- Center for Tropical Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Seth Blumberg
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sara C. Johnston
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fredrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neville K. Kisalu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Joseph N. Fair
- Global Viral Forecasting, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nathan D. Wolfe
- Global Viral Forecasting, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Stanford University, Program in Human Biology, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | | | - Matthew LeBreton
- Global Viral Forecasting, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hermann Meyer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda L. Wright
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe
- National Institute of Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Wolfgang Buermann
- Center for Tropical Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Emile Okitolonda
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Lisa E. Hensley
- Medical Countermeasures Initiative, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James O. Lloyd-Smith
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas B. Smith
- Center for Tropical Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anne W. Rimoin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Switzer WM, Tang S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Shankar A, Hanson DL, Zheng H, Ayouba A, Wolfe ND, LeBreton M, Djoko CF, Tamoufe U, Esteban A, Heneine W, Peeters M, Wright LL, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Wemakoy EO, Mulembakani P, Hoff NA, Rimoin AW. Novel simian foamy virus infections from multiple monkey species in women from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Retrovirology 2012; 9:100. [PMID: 23217108 PMCID: PMC3524035 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zoonotic transmission of simian retroviruses in Central Africa is ongoing and can result in pandemic human infection. While simian foamy virus (SFV) infection was reported in primate hunters in Cameroon and Gabon, little is known about the distribution of SFV in Africa and whether human-to-human transmission and disease occur. We screened 3,334 plasmas from persons living in rural villages in central Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using SFV-specific EIA and Western blot (WB) tests. PCR amplification of SFV polymerase sequences from DNA extracted from buffy coats was used to measure proviral loads. Phylogenetic analysis was used to define the NHP species origin of SFV. Participants completed questionnaires to capture NHP exposure information. Results Sixteen (0.5%) samples were WB-positive; 12 of 16 were from women (75%, 95% confidence limits 47.6%, 92.7%). Sequence analysis detected SFV in three women originating from Angolan colobus or red-tailed monkeys; both monkeys are hunted frequently in DRC. NHP exposure varied and infected women lived in distant villages suggesting a wide and potentially diverse distribution of SFV infections across DRC. Plasmas from 22 contacts of 8 WB-positive participants were all WB negative suggesting no secondary viral transmission. Proviral loads in the three women ranged from 14 – 1,755 copies/105 cells. Conclusions Our study documents SFV infection in rural DRC for the first time and identifies infections with novel SFV variants from Colobus and red-tailed monkeys. Unlike previous studies, women were not at lower risk for SFV infection in our population, providing opportunities for spread of SFV both horizontally and vertically. However, limited testing of close contacts of WB-positive persons did not identify human-to-human transmission. Combined with the broad behavioral risk and distribution of NHPs across DRC, our results suggest that SFV infection may have a wider geographic distribution within DRC. These results also reinforce the potential for an increased SFV prevalence throughout the forested regions of Africa where humans and simians co-exist. Our finding of endemic foci of SFV infection in DRC will facilitate longitudinal studies to determine the potential for person-to-person transmissibility and pathogenicity of these zoonotic retroviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Switzer
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Harvala H, McIntyre CL, Imai N, Clasper L, Djoko CF, LeBreton M, Vermeulen M, Saville A, Mutapi F, Tamoufé U, Kiyang J, Biblia TG, Midzi N, Mduluza T, Pépin J, Njouom R, Njoum R, Smura T, Fair JN, Wolfe ND, Roivainen M, Simmonds P. High seroprevalence of enterovirus infections in apes and old world monkeys. Emerg Infect Dis 2012; 18:283-6. [PMID: 22305156 PMCID: PMC3310466 DOI: 10.3201/eid1802.111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate population exposure of apes and Old World monkeys in Africa to enteroviruses (EVs), we conducted a seroepidemiologic study of serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies against 3 EV types. Detection of species A, B, and D EVs infecting wild chimpanzees demonstrates their potential widespread circulation in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Harvala
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
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Ndip LM, Biswas HH, Nfonsam LE, LeBreton M, Ndip RN, Bissong MA, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Djoko C, Tamoufe U, Prosser AT, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. Risk factors for African tick-bite fever in rural central Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 84:608-13. [PMID: 21460018 PMCID: PMC3062457 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
African tick-bite fever is an emerging infectious disease caused by the spotted fever group Rickettsia, Rickettsia africae, and is transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma. To determine the seroprevalence of exposure to R. africae and risk factors associated with infection, we conducted a cross-sectional study of persons in seven rural villages in distinct ecological habitats of Cameroon. We examined 903 plasma samples by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to R. africae and analyzed demographic and occupational data collected from questionnaires. Of the 903 persons tested, 243 (26.9%) had IgG/IgM/IgA reactive with R. africae. Persons from four of the seven village sites were significantly more likely to be seropositive (P < 0.05), and lowland forest sites tended to have higher seroprevalences. These results suggest that African tick-bite fever is common in adults in rural areas of Cameroon and that ecological factors may play a role in the acquisition of R. africae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M Ndip
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
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Djoko CF, Rimoin AW, Vidal N, Tamoufe U, Wolfe ND, Butel C, LeBreton M, Tshala FM, Kayembe PK, Muyembe JJ, Edidi-Basepeo S, Pike BL, Fair JN, Mbacham WF, Saylors KE, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Delaporte E, Grillo M, Peeters M. High HIV type 1 group M pol diversity and low rate of antiretroviral resistance mutations among the uniformed services in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011; 27:323-9. [PMID: 20954909 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time the genetic diversity among the uniformed personnel in Kinshasa, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a country that has experienced military conflicts since 1998 and in which the global HIV-1/M pandemic started, has now been documented. A total of 94 HIV-1-positive samples, collected in 2007 in Kinshasa garrison settings from informed consenting volunteers, were genetically characterized in the pol region (protease and RT). An extensive diversity was observed, with 51% of the strains corresponding to six pure subtypes (A 23%, C 13.8%, D, G, H, J, and untypable), 15% corresponding to nine different CRFs (01, 02, 11, 13, 25, 26, 37, 43, and 45), and 34% being unique recombinants with one-third being complex mosaic viruses involving three or more different subtypes/CRFs. Only one strain harbored a single mutation, I54V, associated with drug resistance to protease inhibitors. Due to their high mobility and potential risk behavior, HIV infections in military personnel can lead to an even more complex epidemic in the DRC and to a possible increase of subtype C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille F. Djoko
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Biotechnology Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Nicole Vidal
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Ubald Tamoufe
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Nathan D. Wolfe
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Stanford University, Program in Human Biology, Stanford, California
| | - Christelle Butel
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Felix M. Tshala
- Military Health Services, Ministry of Defence, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Patrick K. Kayembe
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Jacques Muyembe
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Samuel Edidi-Basepeo
- National AIDS Control Program Laboratory, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Brian L. Pike
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Joseph N. Fair
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Wilfred F. Mbacham
- Biotechnology Center and Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Karen E. Saylors
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVF), San Francisco, California, and Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Eric Delaporte
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Grillo
- Department of Defense HIV AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), San Diego, California
| | - Martine Peeters
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
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Sharp CP, Vermeulen M, Nébié Y, Djoko CF, LeBreton M, Tamoufe U, Rimoin AW, Kayembe PK, Carr JK, Servant-Delmas A, Laperche S, Harrison GLA, Pybus OG, Delwart E, Wolfe ND, Saville A, Lefrère JJ, Simmonds P. Changing epidemiology of human parvovirus 4 infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 16:1605-7. [PMID: 20875290 PMCID: PMC3294412 DOI: 10.3201/eid1610.101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human parvovirus 4 infections are primarily associated with parenteral exposure in western countries. By ELISA, we demonstrate frequent seropositivity for antibody to parvovirus 4 viral protein 2 among adult populations throughout sub-Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, 37%; Cameroon, 25%; Democratic Republic of the Congo, 35%; South Africa, 20%), which implies existence of alternative transmission routes.
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Etienne L, Nerrienet E, LeBreton M, Bibila GT, Foupouapouognigni Y, Rousset D, Nana A, Djoko CF, Tamoufe U, Aghokeng AF, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Delaporte E, Peeters M, Wolfe ND, Ayouba A. Characterization of a new simian immunodeficiency virus strain in a naturally infected Pan troglodytes troglodytes chimpanzee with AIDS related symptoms. Retrovirology 2011; 8:4. [PMID: 21232091 PMCID: PMC3034674 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on the evolution of natural SIV infection in chimpanzees (SIVcpz) and on the impact of SIV on local ape populations are only available for Eastern African chimpanzee subspecies (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii), and no data exist for Central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes), the natural reservoir of the ancestors of HIV-1 in humans. Here, we report a case of naturally-acquired SIVcpz infection in a P.t.troglodytes chimpanzee with clinical and biological data and analysis of viral evolution over the course of infection. Results A male chimpanzee (Cam155), 1.5 years, was seized in southern Cameroon in November 2003 and screened SIV positive during quarantine. Clinical follow-up and biological analyses have been performed for 7 years and showed a significant decline of CD4 counts (1,380 cells/mm3 in 2004 vs 287 in 2009), a severe thrombocytopenia (130,000 cells/mm3 in 2004 vs 5,000 cells/mm3 in 2009), a weight loss of 21.8% from August 2009 to January 2010 (16 to 12.5 kg) and frequent periods of infections with diverse pathogens. DNA from PBMC, leftover from clinical follow-up samples collected in 2004 and 2009, was used to amplify overlapping fragments and sequence two full-length SIVcpzPtt-Cam155 genomes. SIVcpzPtt-Cam155 was phylogenetically related to other SIVcpzPtt from Cameroon (SIVcpzPtt-Cam13) and Gabon (SIVcpzPtt-Gab1). Ten molecular clones 5 years apart, spanning the V1V4 gp120 env region (1,100 bp), were obtained. Analyses of the env region showed positive selection (dN-dS >0), intra-host length variation and extensive amino acid diversity between clones, greater in 2009. Over 5 years, N-glycosylation site frequency significantly increased (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Here, we describe for the first time the clinical history and viral evolution of a naturally SIV infected P.t.troglodytes chimpanzee. The findings show an increasing viral diversity over time and suggest clinical progression to an AIDS-like disease, showing that SIVcpz can be pathogenic in its host, as previously described in P.t.schweinfurthii. Although studying the impact of SIV infection in wild apes is difficult, efforts should be made to better characterize the pathogenicity of the ancestors of HIV-1 in their natural host and to find out whether SIV infection also plays a role in ape population decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne
- UMR145, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) and Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
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Djoko CF, Wolfe ND, Vidal N, Tamoufe U, Montavon C, LeBreton M, Pike BL, Fair J, Mbacham WF, Benito A, Rimoin AW, Saylors K, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Grillo MP, Peeters M. HIV type 1 pol gene diversity and genotypic antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2010; 26:1027-31. [PMID: 20718620 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, HIV strains circulating among military personnel were characterized, in Malabo, the capital city of Equatorial Guinea. One sample was found to be HIV-2 group A while a high degree of genetic diversity was recorded in the pol region of 41 HIV-1-positive samples. CRF02_AG accounted for 53.7% of the strains, and 11 different variants were obtained in the remaining 19 samples: subtype G (n = 3), A3 (n = 2), C (n = 2), CRF26_A5U (n = 2), F2 (n = 1), CRF06 (n = 1), CRF09 (n = 1), CRF11 (n = 1), CRF22 (n = 1), and divergent subtype A (n = 1) and F (n = 1). One strain could not be classified and three were unique recombinants. Analysis of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations revealed two patients each harboring one major mutation, M46I in protease and D67N in reverse transcriptase sequences, respectively. The high genetic diversity and emerging ARV resistance mutations call for frequent surveys and appropriate monitoring of ARV considering the increasing access to ARV in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille F. Djoko
- Biotechnology Center & Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Nathan D. Wolfe
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
- Stanford University, Program in Human Biology, Stanford, California
| | - Nicole Vidal
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier I, Montpellier, France
| | - Ubald Tamoufe
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Celine Montavon
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier I, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthew LeBreton
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Brian L. Pike
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Fair
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Wilfred F. Mbacham
- Biotechnology Center & Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Alogos Benito
- Division of Military Health, Ministry of National Defence, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea
| | - Anne W. Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Karen Saylors
- Global Viral Forecasting Initiative (GVFI), San Francisco, California, and Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Michael P. Grillo
- U.S. Department of Defense HIV AIDS Prevention Program, San Diego, California
| | - Martine Peeters
- Laboratoire Retrovirus, UMR 145, Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and University of Montpellier I, Montpellier, France
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Sintasath DM, Wolfe ND, Zheng HQ, LeBreton M, Peeters M, Tamoufe U, Djoko CF, Diffo JLD, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Heneine W, Switzer WM. Genetic characterization of the complete genome of a highly divergent simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) type 3 from a wild Cercopithecus mona monkey. Retrovirology 2009; 6:97. [PMID: 19860877 PMCID: PMC2777865 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The recent discoveries of novel human T-lymphotropic virus type 3 (HTLV-3) and highly divergent simian T-lymphotropic virus type 3 (STLV-3) subtype D viruses from two different monkey species in southern Cameroon suggest that the diversity and cross-species transmission of these retroviruses are much greater than currently appreciated. Results We describe here the first full-length sequence of a highly divergent STLV-3d(Cmo8699AB) virus obtained by PCR-based genome walking using DNA from two dried blood spots (DBS) collected from a wild-caught Cercopithecus mona monkey. The genome of STLV-3d(Cmo8699AB) is 8913-bp long and shares only 77% identity to other PTLV-3s. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference clearly show that this highly divergent virus forms an independent lineage with high posterior probability and bootstrap support within the diversity of PTLV-3. Molecular dating of concatenated gag-pol-env-tax sequences inferred a divergence date of about 115,117 years ago for STLV-3d(Cmo8699AB) indicating an ancient origin for this newly identified lineage. Major structural, enzymatic, and regulatory gene regions of STLV-3d(Cmo8699AB) are intact and suggest viral replication and a predicted pathogenic potential comparable to other PTLV-3s. Conclusion When taken together, the inferred ancient origin of STLV-3d(Cmo8699AB), the presence of this highly divergent virus in two primate species from the same geographical region, and the ease with which STLVs can be transmitted across species boundaries all suggest that STLV-3d may be more prevalent and widespread. Given the high human exposure to nonhuman primates in this region and the unknown pathogenicity of this divergent PTLV-3, increased surveillance and expanded prevention activities are necessary. Our ability to obtain the complete viral genome from DBS also highlights further the utility of this method for molecular-based epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Sintasath
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore MD 21205, USA.
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LeBreton M, Yang O, Tamoufe U, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Torimiro JN, Djoko CF, Carr JK, Tassy Prosser A, Rimoin AW, Birx DL, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. Exposure to wild primates among HIV-infected persons. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 13:1579-82. [PMID: 18258013 DOI: 10.3201/eid1310.070338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 is an immunosuppressive pathogen. Our behavioral data for 191 HIV-1-infected rural Cameroonians show frequent exposure to nonhuman primates through activities such as hunting and butchering. Immunosuppression among persons exposed to body fluids of wild nonhuman primates could favor the process of adaptation and subsequent emergence of zoonotic pathogens.
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Chirio L, Ineich I, Schmitz A, LeBreton M. A new species ofTrachylepisFitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Scincidae) from central African forests. AFR J HERPETOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2008.9635565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gonwouo NL, LeBreton M, Chirio L, Ineich I, Tchamba NM, Ngassam P, Dzikouk G, Diffo JL. Biodiversity and conservation of the reptiles of the mount Cameroon area. AFR J HERPETOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2007.9635560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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LeBreton M, Yang O, Tamoufe U, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Torimiro JN, Djoko CF, Carr JK, Prosser AT, Rimoin AW, Birx DL, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. Exposure to wild primates among HIV-infected persons. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13. [PMID: 18258013 PMCID: PMC2851513 DOI: 10.3201/eid1309.070338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 is an immunosuppressive pathogen. Our behavioral data for 191 HIV-1-infected rural Cameroonians show frequent exposure to nonhuman primates through activities such as hunting and butchering. Immunosuppression among persons exposed to body fluids of wild nonhuman primates could favor the process of adaptation and subsequent emergence of zoonotic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Otto Yang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean K. Carr
- University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A. Tassy Prosser
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Deborah L. Birx
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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LeBreton M, Prosser AT, Tamoufe U, Sateren W, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Diffo JLD, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. Patterns of bushmeat hunting and perceptions of disease risk among central African communities. Anim Conserv 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2006.00043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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LeBreton M, Prosser A, Tamoufe U, Sateren W, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Diffo JLD, Burke DS, Wolfe ND. Patterns of bushmeat hunting and perceptions of disease risk among central African communities. Anim Conserv 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2006.00030.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sally Umlauf
- Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cyrille F. Djoko
- Walter Reed Johns Hopkins Cameroon Program, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Peter Daszak
- Consortium for Conservation Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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