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Dougas G, Vorou R, Katsiolis A, Kalotychou D, Katerelos P, Tsiodras S, Mellou K. A Multidisciplinary "One Health" Tool for Tackling Brucellosis. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:351-358. [PMID: 38573214 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Epizootiological Investigation Form (EIF) is a document issued for every notified human brucellosis case, with the aim to convey information from public health to veterinary authorities for farm animals epidemiologically linked with the patient. We assessed the integration of EIF to the routine collaboration among stakeholders and the efficiency in directing the veterinary efforts to identify Brucella-infected animals. Methods: EIFs were evaluated for the implementation, timeliness, and completeness of the shared information provided by the public health and the veterinary authorities. The efficiency of EIFs in identifying infected farms was compared with the Brucella infection rate of routinely screened farms in the frame of the national brucellosis program. Results: During 2017-2022, 344 EIFs were issued for equal number of human brucellosis cases and 118 (34.3%) were circulated successfully among all stakeholders, whereas 226 (65.7%) went missing. The highest rate of intersectoral circulation occurred in May (47.8%, p = 0.007). Veterinary investigation was performed, and result was provided in 62 (57.4%) of the 108 circulated EIFs that disclosed the contact details of the epidemiologically linked animal farms. Brucella was detected at a significantly higher rate (51.7%) in the investigated sheep and goats' farms than the infection rate (2.7%) of the national brucellosis program (p < 0.00001). Among the screened bovine herds, two were found infected of the eight tested (25%). The circulation among all competent authorities of EIFs with a farm screening outcome required a median (interquartile range) of 50 days (22, 88). The likelihood of a "complete" EIF per human case differed among geographic Regions (p = 0.010), and was higher for patients diagnosed in April (p = 0.001) and occupied as stockbreeders (p = 0.025). Conclusions: EIF is a useful tool for pinpointing suspected animals for brucellosis screening. Training of the collaborating personnel is essential for improving the implementation of EIF in the everyday practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Dougas
- Zoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
| | - Regina Vorou
- Zoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristomenis Katsiolis
- General Veterinary Directorate, Hellenic Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Kalotychou
- Zoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- Zoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Kassiani Mellou
- Zoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece
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Qureshi KA, Parvez A, Fahmy NA, Abdel Hady BH, Kumar S, Ganguly A, Atiya A, Elhassan GO, Alfadly SO, Parkkila S, Aspatwar A. Brucellosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment-a comprehensive review. Ann Med 2024; 55:2295398. [PMID: 38165919 PMCID: PMC10769134 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a pervasive zoonotic disease caused by various Brucella species. It mainly affects livestock and wildlife and poses significant public health threats, especially in regions with suboptimal hygiene, food safety, and veterinary care standards. Human contractions occur by consuming contaminated animal products or interacting with infected animals. Objective: This study aims to provide an updated understanding of brucellosis, from its epidemiology and pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment strategies. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research, knowledge exchange, and interdisciplinary collaboration for effective disease control and prevention, highlighting its global health implications. Methods: Pathogenesis involves intricate interactions between bacteria and the host immune system, resulting in chronic infections characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. The diagnostic process is arduous owing to non-specific symptomatology and sampling challenges, necessitating a fusion of clinical and laboratory evaluations, including blood cultures, serological assays, and molecular methods. Management typically entails multiple antibiotics, although the rise in antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains poses a problem. Animal vaccination is a potential strategy to curb the spread of infection, particularly within livestock populations. Results: The study provides insights into the complex pathogenesis of brucellosis, the challenges in its diagnosis, and the management strategies involving antibiotic therapy and animal vaccination. It also highlights the emerging issue of antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains. Conclusions: In conclusion, brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease with implications for public health. Efforts should be directed towards improved diagnostic methods, antibiotic stewardship to combat antibiotic resistance, and developing and implementing effective animal vaccination programs. Interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing research are crucial for addressing the global health implications of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nada A. Fahmy
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Applied Health Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Bassant H. Abdel Hady
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shweta Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Anusmita Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal O. Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed O. Alfadly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Guo G, Tuohetaerbaike B, Wu X, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang W. Serological investigation of brucella infection using a dipstick assay among individuals with unexplained fever in farming-pastoral areas of Xinjiang, China. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116079. [PMID: 37827089 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the brucellosis detection of the dipstick assay coated with LPS antigen from Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5 compared with Rose Bengal test (RB) and serum agglutination test (SAT), and investigate the brucella infection with the dipstick assay among people with unexplained fever in farming-pastoral areas of Xinjiang, China. METHODS The dipstick assay was repeated to verify 130 positive and 200 negative serum samples, which had been confirmed by RB and SAT, for sensitivity and specificity analysis. Subsequently, 313 sera from people with unexplained fever in farming-pastoral areas including 6 counties in 3 regions where brucellosis is endemic and 200 sera from nonendemic city area (Urumqi City) in Xinjiang were detected with the dipstick assay for population infection rate survey. RESULTS Sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 97% respectively with dipstick assay compared with RB and SAT. The average positive rate of sera from people with unexplained fever from farming-pastoral areas in Xinjiang was 18.5% (58/313) and the highest was 22.5% (9/40). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of brucellosis infection among individuals with fever of unknown origin is relatively high in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang. The dipstick assay has a series of advantages such as low cost and fast speed, which make it suitable for the primary screening of high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China; Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bahetibieke Tuohetaerbaike
- State Key Laboratory Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiran Wu
- Xinjiang International Travel Healthcare Center (Urumqi Customs Port Outpatient Department), Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenbao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Jiang D, Ma L, Wang X, Xu Z, Sun G, Jia R, Wu Y, Zhang Y. Comparison of two surgical interventions for lumbar brucella spondylitis in adults: a retrospective analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16684. [PMID: 37794091 PMCID: PMC10550964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of the posterior procedure with the combined anterior and posterior procedure in the surgical management of lumbar Brucella spondylitis. From January 2015 to June 2020, a total of 62 patients presenting with lumbar Brucella spondylitis underwent either one-stage posterior pedicle fixation, debridement, and interbody fusion (Group A, n = 33) or anterior debridement, bone grafting, and posterior instrumentation (Group B, n = 29). All patients were followed up for an average of 25.4 ± 1.5 months and achieved complete resolution of lumbar Brucella spondylitis. No significant differences between the groups were observed in terms of age or pre-operative, three-month postoperative and final follow-up indices of the VAS, ESR, CRP, lordosis angle, ODI scores, fusion time, and time of serum agglutination test conversion to negative (P > 0.05). Each patient exhibited notable improvements in neurological function, as assessed by the JOA score rating system. Group A demonstrated significantly shorter operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Superficial wound infection was observed in one case in Group A, whereas Group B experienced one case each of intraoperative peritoneal rupture, postoperative ileus, iliac vein injury, and superficial wound infection. This study supports the efficacy of both surgical interventions in the treatment of lumbar Brucella spondylitis, with satisfactory outcomes. However, the posterior approach demonstrated advantages, including reduced surgical time, diminished blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and fewer perioperative complications. Consequently, the one-stage posterior pedicle fixation, debridement, and interbody fusion represent a superior treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 106 Yan'an Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830049, China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhenchao Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Guannan Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Runze Jia
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yunqi Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yilu Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-Materials, 87# Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
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Yin Z, Li M, Niu C, Yu M, Xie X, Haimiti G, Guo W, Shi J, He Y, Ding J, Zhang F. Design of multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Brucella type IV secretion system (T4SS). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286358. [PMID: 37561685 PMCID: PMC10414599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a common zoonosis, which is caused by Brucella infection, and Brucella often infects livestock, leading to abortion and infertility. At present, human brucellosis remains one of the major public health problems in China. According to previous research, most areas in northwest China, including Xinjiang, Tibet, and other regions, are severely affected by Brucella. Although there are vaccines against animal Brucellosis, the effect is often poor. In addition, there is no corresponding vaccine for human Brucellosis infection. Therefore, a new strategy for early prevention and treatment of Brucella is needed. A multi-epitope vaccine should be developed. In this study, we identified the antigenic epitopes of the Brucella type IV secretion system VirB8 and Virb10 using an immunoinformatics approach, and screened out 2 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, 9 helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, 6 linear B cell epitopes, and 6 conformational B cell epitopes. These advantageous epitopes are spliced together through different linkers to construct a multi-epitope vaccine. The silico tests showed that the multi-epitope vaccine was non-allergenic and had a strong interaction with TLR4 molecular docking. In immune simulation results, the vaccine construct may be useful in helping brucellosis patients to initiate cellular and humoral immunity. Overall, our findings indicated that the multi-epitope vaccine construct has a high-quality structure and suitable characteristics, which may provide a theoretical basis for the development of a Brucella vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Yin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ce Niu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mingkai Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinru Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Gulishati Haimiti
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenhong Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Juan Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yueyue He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fengbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
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Jeyaraman N, Jeyaraman M, Nallakumarasamy A, K S, Adhikari S, Rijal R, Asija A, Sedhai YR, Sah S, Mohanty A, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Sah R. A proposed management classification for spinal brucellosis from India. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 54:102614. [PMID: 37392982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The myriad presentation of osteoarticular brucellosis make the patient seek the help of general practitioners, orthopaedic and rheumatology specialists. Moreover, the lack of disease-specific symptomatology is the leading cause of the delay in diagnosing osteoarticular brucellosis. Given the increasing number of spinal brucellosis cases across the country, no literature is presented on the systematic management of spinal brucellosis. However, with our experience, we formulated a classification for managing spinal brucellosis. METHODS A single-centred prospective observational study was conducted with 25 confirmed cases of spinal brucellosis. Patients were analysed and graded clinically, serologically, and radiologically and were managed with antibiotics for 10-12 weeks, and if necessary, stabilisation and fusion were done based on the treatment classification devised. All patients were followed up to ensure disease clearance at serial follow-up with relevant investigations. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 52.16 ± 12.53 years. According to spondylodiscitis severity code (SSC) grading, four patients belong to grades 1, 12 to grade 2 and 9 to grade 3 at presentation. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.02), c-reactive protein (p < 0.001), Brucella agglutination titers (p < 0.001), and radiological outcomes improved statistically by six months. The treatment duration was individualised according to the patient's response to the treatment, with a mean time of 11.42 ± 2.66 weeks. The mean follow-up period was 14.42 ± 8 months. CONCLUSION High index of suspicion of patients from endemic regions, proper clinical assessment, serological evaluation, radiological assessment, appropriate decision-making (medical/surgical) in treatment, and regular follow-up were the key to successful comprehensive management of spinal brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Chengalpet, 603108, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, 600056, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India
| | - Shanmugapriya K
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, 600095, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rishikesh Rijal
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Yub Raj Sedhai
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Sanjit Sah
- Research Scientist, Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, 442001, India; SR Sanjeevani Hospital Kalyanpur-10, Siraha, Nepal
| | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, 273008, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, 46000, Nepal; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411000, Maharashtra, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
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van der Westhuizen CG, Burt FJ, van Heerden N, van Zyl W, Anthonissen T, Musoke J. Prevalence and occupational exposure to zoonotic diseases in high-risk populations in the Free State Province, South Africa. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196044. [PMID: 37342558 PMCID: PMC10277639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Zoonotic diseases are responsible for 2.5 billion human cases globally and approximately 2.7 million deaths annually. Surveillance of animal handlers and livestock for zoonotic pathogens contributes to understanding the true disease burden and risk factors within a community. This study investigated the prevalence of selected zoonoses in cattle, farm workers and occupational exposure to endemic zoonotic diseases and their associated risk factors. Methods Sputum samples from farmworkers were screened for Mycobacterium bovis. Blood specimens from farmworkers and archived sera were tested for serological evidence of Brucella sp., hantaviruses, and Leptospira sp. Communal and commercial cattle herds were tested for bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis. Results Mycobacterium bovis was not isolated from human samples. A total of 327 human sera were screened, and 35/327 (10.7%) were Brucella sp. IgG positive, 17/327 (5.2%) Leptospira sp. IgM positive, and 38/327 (11.6%) hantavirus IgG positive (95% CI). A higher proportion of Brucella sp. IgG-positive samples were detected among veterinarians (value of p = 0.0006). Additionally, two cattle from a commercial dairy farm were bovine tuberculosis (bTB) positive using the bTB skin test and confirmatory interferon-gamma assay. A higher percentage of confirmed brucellosis-positive animals were from communal herds (8.7%) compared to commercial herds (1.1%). Discussion These findings highlight the brucellosis and M. bovis prevalence in commercial and communal herds, the zoonotic disease risk in commercial and subsistence farming in developing countries, and the occupational and rural exposure risk to zoonotic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felicity J. Burt
- Division of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, Universitas, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Nina van Heerden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Willie van Zyl
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Division of Veterinary Services, Kroonstad, South Africa
| | - Tonia Anthonissen
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Division of Veterinary Services, Kroonstad, South Africa
| | - Jolly Musoke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, Universitas, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Alassiri AK, Alshair FM, Fatani MA, Baghaffar AH. Aortic root abscess and Brucella endocarditis in a patient with mechanical aortic valve prosthesis: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad299. [PMID: 37332666 PMCID: PMC10271217 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare but potentially fatal, brucellosis prosthetic valve endocarditis is a complication of brucellosis caused by Brucella species. The symptoms of brucellosis can be nonspecific, making the diagnosis challenging. Osteoarticular involvement is the most common complication of brucellosis. Mortality from brucellosis is low except for endocarditis and involvement of the central nervous system. The diagnosis is based on laboratory tests and clinical manifestations. Serological tests are preferred, as culture methods can be unreliable. A 59-year-old woman presented with gastrointestinal bleeding, fever, anorexia and malaise. She had a history of aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis for severe bicuspid aortic stenosis. Investigations revealed a multiloculated aortic root abscess encircling the prosthetic valve. She was diagnosed with brucella endocarditis, treated with antibiotics and underwent cardiac surgery. Her symptoms improved following the surgery. Brucellosis prosthetic valve endocarditis is a rare presentation of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah K Alassiri
- Correspondence address. College of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Tel: +966-2-6401000 ext 20094-20096; Fax: ext 20127; E-mail: ,
| | - Fahad M Alshair
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Fatani
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Baghaffar
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Abdominal Lymphadenopathies: Lymphoma, Brucellosis or Tuberculosis? Multidisciplinary Approach-Case Report and Review of the Literature. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020293. [PMID: 36837494 PMCID: PMC9964815 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal pain represents a frequent symptom for referral to emergency departments and/or internal medicine outpatient setting. Similarly, fever, fatigue and weight loss are non-specific manifestations of disease. The present case describes the diagnostic process in a patient with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a mass in the mesogastrium. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans oriented toward calcific lymphadenopathies with increased metabolism in the positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan. Laboratory examinations were inconclusive, although serology for Brucella and the Quantiferon test were positive. After multidisciplinary discussion, the patient underwent surgical excision of the abdominal mass. Histological examination excluded malignancies and oriented toward brucellosis in a patient with latent tuberculosis. The patient was treated with rifampin 600 mg qd and doxycycline 100 mg bid for 6 weeks with resolution of the symptoms. In addition, rifampin was continued for a total of 6 months in order to treat latent tuberculosis. This case underlines the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnostic approach to abdominal lymphadenopathies.
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The role of shoulder arthroplasty after chronic brucellosis of glenohumeral joint septic arthritis. A case report and literature reviews. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 97:107467. [PMID: 35952568 PMCID: PMC9403336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main socioeconomic area in Thailand has been the agricultural endemic area, where brucellosis infection, one of the bacterial infectious diseases has been an overlooked diagnose. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 50-year-old Thai woman was admitted to the hospital with pain and limited motion in her left shoulder. These symptoms have been prolonging with progressive clinical for two years. The physical examination revealed stiffness in all directions. The glenohumeral joint appeared to be narrowing on radiographic evaluation. The multiple loculate mass and septic glenohumeral joint arthritis were seen by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Furthermore, the Brucellosis investigation specificity was Brucella IgM/IgG positive. This patient was treated with a combination of surgery and oral antimicrobial medication. We decided to perform a total shoulder arthroplasty because the patient was still in pain and stiff from secondary arthritis. DISCUSSION As a result of the late treatment for osteoarticular involvement, secondary osteoarthritis develops until leading to significant cartilage loss. Therefore, even medical treatment and surgical debridement, the patient still suffers from secondary osteoarthritis, which causes pain and limited activity. The arthroplasty treatment method plays a role in the treatment of function following secondary osteoarthritis infection. CONCLUSION The role of arthroplasty was selected in the treatment of brucellosis osteoarticular involvement, which is an uncommon and difficult to identify condition that can lead to maltreatment. So that this case report offers the treatment option if the patient was not responsible for the medical and surgical debridement therapy with secondary osteoarthritis at the glenohumeral joint, even though the brucellosis infection condition had completely resolved.
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11
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Xi H, Zhang L, Xu B, Liu H, Li S. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing to Investigate Infectious Endophthalmitis of Brucella: A Case Report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:847143. [PMID: 35425780 PMCID: PMC9001913 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.847143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brucellosis is a systemic disease that exists prevalently in clinical manifestations. The symptoms present in organs such as the eyes (in ocular brucellosis) can lead to misdiagnosis or even failure to diagnose. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS), a high-throughput sequencing approach, could be applied for the detection of microorganisms. Case Presentation A 57-year-old female with acute right-eye vision loss, treated with clindamycin and dexamethasone sodium phosphate for 1.5 months, was difficult to diagnose using regular methods. mNGS was utilized for the aqueous fluid from the patient, and Brucella melitensis was identified. The inflammation was treated with 3 months of antibiotherapy. However, even with specific medicine and surgery, the vision remained poor because severe ocular conditions last for a long time. Conclusion It suggests that brucella should still be a probable pathogen in endophthalmitis despite its low incidence in non-epidemic areas. Moreover, mNGS can achieve early diagnosis and timely treatment for difficult-to-diagnose ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lishuai Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Suyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, China
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Alay H, Laloglu E. Can Endocan Be a Novel Marker in the Diagnosis of Brucellosis? Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2022; 22:232-237. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Handan Alay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esra Laloglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Zilberman B, Motro Y, Sagi O, Kornspan D, Ben-Shimol S, Gdalevich M, Yagel Y, Davidovitch N, Khalfin B, Rabinowitz P, Nesher L, Grotto I, Bardenstein S, Moran-Gilad J. Genomic Epidemiology of Clinical Brucella melitensis Isolates from Southern Israel. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020238. [PMID: 35208693 PMCID: PMC8878301 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis, a zoonosis mainly transmitted by consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, is endemic in Southern Israel, mainly among the Bedouin Arab population. However, the genomic epidemiology of B. melitensis in this region has not yet been elucidated. A cohort of brucellosis cases (n = 118) diagnosed between 2017–2019 was studied using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Phylogenetic analyses utilized core genome MLST (cgMLST) for all local isolates and core genome SNPs for 347 human-associated B. melitensis genomes, including Israeli and publicly available sequences. Israeli isolates formed two main clusters, presenting a notable diversity, with no clear dominance of a specific strain. On a global scale, the Israeli genomes clustered according to their geographical location, in proximity to genomes originating from the Middle East, and formed the largest cluster in the tree, suggesting relatively high conservation. Our study unveils the genomic epidemiology of B. melitensis in Southern Israel, implicating that rather than a common source, the transmission pattern of brucellosis among Bedouin communities is complex, predominantly local, and household-based. Further, genomic surveillance of B. melitensis is expected to inform future public health and veterinary interventions and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bar Zilberman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Yair Motro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Orli Sagi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - David Kornspan
- Brucellosis Lab, OIE, FAO Reference Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel; (D.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Shalom Ben-Shimol
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Michael Gdalevich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Southern District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Beer Sheva 84104, Israel
| | - Yael Yagel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Boris Khalfin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Peter Rabinowitz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Lior Nesher
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Itamar Grotto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Svetlana Bardenstein
- Brucellosis Lab, OIE, FAO Reference Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel; (D.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Jacob Moran-Gilad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (B.Z.); (Y.M.); (O.S.); (S.B.-S.); (M.G.); (Y.Y.); (N.D.); (B.K.); (L.N.); (I.G.)
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Kazemi S, Mirzaei R, Sholeh M, Karampoor S, Keramat F, Saidijam M, Alikhani MY. microRNAs in human brucellosis: A promising therapeutic approach and biomarker for diagnosis and treatment. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1209-1218. [PMID: 34449979 PMCID: PMC8589381 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Human brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease with up to 500,000 new cases each year. The major evasion mechanisms from the host immune system by Brucella are restraint of complement pathway and Toll‐like receptors signaling pathways, interference with efficient antigen presentation to CD4‐positive T lymphocytes, selective subversion of autophagy pathways, inhibition of dendritic cell stimulation, inhibition of autophagolysosomal fusion, and macrophage apoptosis. Many molecular and cellular pathways contribute to brucellosis that microRNAs have a vital function in the immunopathogenesis of this disease. In this regard, these molecules apply for their roles by modulating various events like inflammatory reactions and immune defense. Recently, in the case of immunity to human brucellosis, it has been shown that microRNAs play an important role in immunity against these bacteria. Methods and Results In this study, we tried to review the immune defense and immunopathogenesis of Brucella infection and highlight the current knowledge of the microRNAs in infected cells by Brucella pathogens. The recent findings suggest that the regulation of microRNAs expression is impaired during brucellosis infection, which may contribute to disease progression or inhibition by modulating immune responses against this pathogen. Conclusions The interplay between miRNAs and Brucella pathogens and the underlying process required comprehensive examination to unravel the novel therapeutic or diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Kazemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Keramat
- Brucellosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Brucellosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Risk Factor Analysis of Brucellosis in Hulunbuir, China, Using the Propensity Score Matching Method. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.113528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is the most widespread zoonosis worldwide and one of the most neglected zoonotic diseases. At present, large-scale farms are growing rapidly, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Objectives: In this study, the propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis and explore the risk factors of brucellosis infection in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods: A questionnaire for brucellosis was designed based on general knowledge and the protection of key groups of brucellosis. Epidata 13.0 software was used to establish the questionnaire, and propensity score matching was used to select cases that met the requirements of case-controls. Results: A total of 152 cases and 456 controls were included. The results of the study show that feeding livestock, carrying lambs regularly, and raising livestock without protective measures can increase the risk of brucellosis infection. Conclusions: Behavioral factors are the main risk factors for brucellosis, and livestock keepers should strengthen self-protection when working.
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Tian LH, Dong ZG, Chen XY, Huang LJ, Xiao PP. Brucellosis of unknown origin with haemophagocytic syndrome: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:3649-3654. [PMID: 34046465 PMCID: PMC8130082 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i15.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a contagious bacterial disease caused by Brucella species, which is a leading zoonotic disease worldwide. Most patients with brucellosis have a clear infection source; however, our case had a rare presentation of secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis without any epidemiological history.
CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a fever of unknown origin. After laboratory examinations, such as blood culture and bone marrow biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with brucellosis and secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. After antibiotic therapy, the patient was afebrile, and his haemogram recovered to normal, after which he was discharged.
CONCLUSION Brucellosis cannot be excluded in patients with clinically unexplained fever, even in those without epidemiologic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Tian
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gao Dong
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xu-Yan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lian-Jiang Huang
- Department of Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ping-Ping Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
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17
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Lu J, Wu Z, Liu B, Wang C, Wang Q, Zhang L, Wang Z, Chen C, Fu Y, Li C, Li T. A time-resolved fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and quantitative serodiagnosis of Brucella infection in humans. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 200:114071. [PMID: 33866295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a worldwide infectious zoonotic disease, posing severe threats to human health and social-economic development. By comparing with time-consuming, low sensitive and non-quantitative conventional serological methods, herein, protein G (prG) coupled with europium nanospheres (EuNPs) (detection probe) and highly purified Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (capture antigen) were used to develop a novel time-resolved fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay (TF-LFIA) for detecting anti-Brucella IgG antibody in human plasmas. The entire testing took 15 min. With a satisfactory purity, the purified LPS weakly cross-reacted with Y. enterocolitica O9 diagnostic antibody; however, none reacted with sera from patients with other Gram-negative bacterial infections. Following coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9961), 0.3 IU/mL was reported as the limit of detection (LOD), much lower than those of Serological Agglutination Test (SAT), Rose-Bengal Plate Agglutination Test (RBPT) and colloidal gold LFIA (CG-LFIA). Intra-day and inter-day precisions (CV, coefficient variation) of TF-LFIA varied less than 8% or 12 %, while intra-day and inter-day accuracies were 94-106 % or 93-107 %, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R2) of TF-LFIA measurement to the different concentrations of spiked Brucella antibody was 0.9967, suggesting TF-LFIA had high reliability and reproducibility. TF-LFIA was demonstrated for 100 % specificity, 98.57 % sensitivity and 99.63 % accuracy in detection of Brucella antibody from clinical samples, respectively, significantly higher compared to SAT and RBPT. In conclusion, the established TF-LFIA is a simple, rapid and quantitative immunoassay for early diagnosis or epidemiological surveillance of Brucella infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Lu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bochao Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- Animal Science and Technology College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Chengyao Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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18
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19
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Rabiei MM, Imanzade F, Hatami F, Hesami H, Irvani SSN, Alavi Darazam I. Brucellosis in transplant recipients: A systematic review. Transpl Infect Dis 2021; 23:e13604. [PMID: 33743545 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by Brucella species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate brucellosis in all types of transplant patients. METHODS All the cases of brucellosis in transplant patients with no time and language limitations were searched and retrieved on May 20, 2020, using the following search keywords: (Brucella OR Brucellosis) AND (Transplant OR Transplantation) through the following medical databases: Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and regional databases, for example, SID. All clinical features, including the time of transmission (before, during, and after transplantation), treatment protocols and medications, and patients' outcomes were investigated. RESULTS A total of 14 cases reported in 14 studies (out of 777 studies) were retrieved. Kidney (50%), liver (28.5%), and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (14.2%) were the most reported types of transplantation. The presentation of brucellosis in 42.8% of the patients occurred in the early post-transplantation period, whereas 57.1% of the cases presented with late onset disease. CONCLUSION Brucellosis in transplant recipients seems to be uncommon even in the endemic regions. However, rare cases could be transmitted through bone marrow transplantation and transfusion. Precise screening and meticulous supervision during and after transplantation might lead to a reduction in the frequency of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Rabiei
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Imanzade
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouze Hatami
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Hesami
- Medical Researcher, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed S N Irvani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Justman N, Farahvar S, Ben-Shimol S. The implications of Rose Bengal test seroconversion in the diagnosis of brucellosis in children in an endemic region. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53:340-347. [PMID: 33591841 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2021.1885732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Rose Bengal test (RBT) is a commonly used simple serological test for brucellosis. We assessed brucellosis in individuals <18 years for RBT performance; duration of RBT positivity following infection; and potential factors associated with RBT seroconversion timing. METHODS The medical files of first hospital admissions of brucellosis, 2005-2014, southern Israel, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Overall, RBT was positive in 99% of 416 primary brucellosis admissions. The mean age was 9.8 ± 4.5 years; all patients were of Bedouin ethnicity. Of 273 patients with subsequent RBT testing, RBT remained positive in 169 cases (duration range: 0.1-122 months). Overall, 104 patients had subsequent negative RBT result (duration range: 0.9-127; median: 29.9 months). Comparing fast (<30 months) vs. slow (≥30 months) seroconversion, IgM titres ≥1:640 were more common in fast seroconversion episodes (53% vs. 23%, p = .003). Anaemia was more common in the slow seroconversion group (76% vs. 52%, p = .02). Age, gender, ethnicity, fever, arthralgia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, liver enzymes, bacteraemia and adequate treatment rates were similar. CONCLUSIONS RBT positivity rate in first hospital visit was high. Fast negative seroconversion was associated with high IgM titres and lower anaemia rates at first presentation. These findings may assist early recognition of long-lasting brucellosis patients in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphtali Justman
- The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Salar Farahvar
- The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shalom Ben-Shimol
- The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Seroprevalence and Molecular Detection of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients in Lahore Hospitals, Pakistan. Infect Dis Rep 2021; 13:166-172. [PMID: 33567632 PMCID: PMC7931085 DOI: 10.3390/idr13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most notorious zoonoses worldwide. The disease is common and endemic in humans and animals of Pakistan, but lack of awareness and lack of research have resulted in an increased incidence in the human population. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and at molecular detection of brucellosis in patients with clinical symptoms in six different hospitals from Lahore, which is the capital city of Punjab province. A total of 218 blood samples were collected from hospitalized patients. The samples were initially screened by the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and then quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied. An overall seroprevalence of 17% (37/218) was found. The highest prevalence was found at the Lady Health center (36.53%), which was followed by the Lady Willingdon Hospital (28.6%). Female patients showed a higher seroprevalence than males and peaked at 34% (n = 32) for women who suffered from abortion. In total, 16.8% of patients younger than 30 years showed seropositive reactions, while the prevalence was 19% in patients between 31 and 50. Thirty-three DNA samples from 24 seropositive and nine seronegative patients tested positive, 32 samples were found positive for B. abortus DNA, and one sample failed to be identified at the species level. Almost all positive cases had direct contact with animals and consumed unpasteurized dairy products. Research on human brucellosis is still scarce in Pakistan. For the diagnosis of brucellosis, serology and molecular tools should be combined if isolation by culture is not possible. Nationwide control activities and increasing awareness for zoonotic brucellosis are needed.
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Khan AU, Melzer F, Hendam A, Sayour AE, Khan I, Elschner MC, Younus M, Ehtisham-Ul-Haque S, Waheed U, Farooq M, Ali S, Neubauer H, El-Adawy H. Seroprevalence and Molecular Identification of Brucella spp. in Bovines in Pakistan-Investigating Association With Risk Factors Using Machine Learning. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:594498. [PMID: 33344532 PMCID: PMC7738322 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.594498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is a global zoonosis of public health importance. It is an endemic disease in many developing countries including Pakistan. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and molecular detection of bovine brucellosis and to assess the association of potential risk factors with test results. A total of 176 milk and 402 serum samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes in three districts of upper Punjab, Pakistan. Milk samples were investigated using milk ring test (MRT), while sera were tested by Rose–Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA). Real-time PCR was used for detection of Brucella DNA in investigated samples. Anti-Brucella antibodies were detected in 37 (21.02%) bovine milk samples using MRT and in 66 (16.4%) and 71 (17.7%) bovine sera using RBPT and i-ELISA, respectively. Real-time PCR detected Brucella DNA in 31 (7.71%) from a total of 402 bovine sera and identified as Brucella abortus. Seroprevalence and molecular identification of bovine brucellosis varied in some regions in Pakistan. With the use of machine learning, the association of test results with risk factors including age, animal species/type, herd size, history of abortion, pregnancy status, lactation status, and geographical location was analyzed. Machine learning confirmed a real observation that lactation status was found to be the highest significant factor, while abortion, age, and pregnancy came second in terms of significance. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time to use machine learning to assess brucellosis in Pakistan; this is a model that can be applied for other developing countries in the future. The development of control strategies for bovine brucellosis through the implementation of uninterrupted surveillance and interactive extension programs in Pakistan is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Ullah Khan
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Falk Melzer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Ashraf Hendam
- Climate Change Information Center, Renewable Energy and Expert Systems (CCICREES), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf E Sayour
- Department of Brucellosis, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Mandy C Elschner
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Muhammad Younus
- Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | | | - Usman Waheed
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Sub-Campus, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Ali
- Wildlife Epidemiology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory (One Health Research Group), Discipline of Zoology Department of Wildlife & Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Hassan H, Salami A, Ghssein G, El-Hage J, Nehme N, Awada R. Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus in cattle in Southern Lebanon using different diagnostic tests. Vet World 2020; 13:2234-2242. [PMID: 33281362 PMCID: PMC7704307 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2234-2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Brucellosis is endemic zoonotic and highly contagious bacterial disease. Recently, several brucellosis cases were reported in Lebanon, causing significant economic losses; however, no study was done so far on farms located in the southern part of the country. Thus, the aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of Brucella abortus in South Lebanon using three different serological tests in the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle. Materials and Methods Seventeen farms from 14 locations in Southern Lebanon were selected. Two hundred and three bovine blood samples of different ages, and 121 milk samples collected from older than 2 years cattle were tested using different serological tests: Rose Bengal test (RBT), milk ring test (MRT), indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA), and confirmed with competitive ELISA (C-ELISA). Results Results revealed that approximately 15.3% (confidence interval [CI] 95 10.3-20.2%) and 15.7% (CI 95 9.2-22.2%) of samples were positive using RBT and MRT, respectively. This percentage was significantly higher when using I-ELISA (18.3%) (CI 95 12.9-23.5%) and C-ELISA (18.7%) (CI 95 9.8-27.5%). Among used diagnostic tests, our results showed that ELISA was more accurate for the detection of brucellosis, especially since it detects the late stages of the infection, which is characterized by the presence of immunoglobulin G. The seroprevalence of brucellosis was higher among females. All positive tests were of cattle Holstein breed older than 2 years. Tyre and Jezzine cities had a higher significance in bovine brucellosis than Saida. A positive correlation between human and cattle brucellosis was found. Conclusion Our results showed that bovine brucellosis is prevalent in southern Lebanon. Lack of research, in addition to little feedback of occurring illness or symptoms, creates a gap in helping to control the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Hassan
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Ali Salami
- Rammal Hassan Rammal Research Laboratory, PhyToxE Research Group, Faculty of Sciences (V), Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Ghssein
- Rammal Hassan Rammal Research Laboratory, PhyToxE Research Group, Faculty of Sciences (V), Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon
| | - Jeanne El-Hage
- Animal Health Laboratory, Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Nada Nehme
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Lebanon
| | - Rana Awada
- Rammal Hassan Rammal Research Laboratory, PhyToxE Research Group, Faculty of Sciences (V), Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Lebanon
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24
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Khan AU, Sayour AE, Melzer F, El-Soally SAGE, Elschner MC, Shell WS, Moawad AA, Mohamed SA, Hendam A, Roesler U, Neubauer H, El-Adawy H. Seroprevalence and Molecular Identification of Brucella spp. in Camels in Egypt. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8071035. [PMID: 32668648 PMCID: PMC7409340 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most important worldwide zoonoses of many countries including Egypt. Camel brucellosis has not gained much attention in Egypt yet. This study is focused on the three governorates with the highest camel populations and the largest camel markets in the country to determine the disease seroprevalence and identify the Brucella species in local camel holdings. In total, 381 serum samples were collected from male and female camels from Giza, Aswan, and Al-Bahr Al-Ahmar (the Red Sea) governorates. Samples were serologically examined using the Rose-Bengal plate test (RBPT), indirect ELISA (i-ELISA), competitive ELISA (c-ELISA) and complement fixation test (CFT). Brucella antibodies were detected in 59 (15.5%), 87 (22.8%), 77 (20.2%) and 118 (31.0%) of sera by RBPT, i-ELISA, c-ELISA and CFT, respectively. Using real-time PCR, Brucella DNA was amplified in 32 (8.4%) seropositive samples including Brucella abortus (25/32), Brucella suis (5/32) and Brucella melitensis (2/32), defining a complex epidemiological status. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting Brucella suis DNA in camel serum. The risk-associated factors including age, sex, breed and geographical distribution were statistically analyzed, showing non-significant association with seroprevalence. The results of this study will raise awareness for camel brucellosis and help develop effective control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Ullah Khan
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
- Institut for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf E. Sayour
- Department of Brucellosis, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt;
| | - Falk Melzer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
| | | | - Mandy C. Elschner
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Waleed S. Shell
- Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Agricultural Research Center, Abbasaia 11517, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Amira A. Moawad
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
- Provincial Laboratory, Institute of Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Center, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shereen Aziz Mohamed
- Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Abbasaia 11517, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Ashraf Hendam
- Climate Change Information Center, Renewable Energy and Expert Systems (CCICREES), Agricultural Research Center, 9 Algamaa Street, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Uwe Roesler
- Institut for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (A.A.M.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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25
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Neurobrucellosis Related to the Consumption of Unpasteurized Camel Milk in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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KARAMEŞE M, ACAR O. Brusellozun Tanısında Yeni Bir Metot Olan Brucella Coombs Gel Testin Diğer Yöntemlerle Karşılaştırılması. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2020. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.646672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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27
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Liu ZG, Wang M, Ta N, Fang MG, Mi JC, Yu RP, Luo Y, Cao X, Li ZJ. Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:263-274. [PMID: 31997725 PMCID: PMC7034055 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1720528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a total of 1102304 serum samples were collected to detected human brucellosis between the years 2012 and 2016 in Inner Mongolia. Overall, an average of 3.79% anti-Brucella positive in Inner Mongolia was presented but the range of positive rates were among 0.90 to 7.07% in 12 regions. Seroprevalence of human brucellosis increased gradually from 2012 to 2016. However, the incidence rate of human brucellosis showed a declining trend. One hundred and seven Brucella strains were isolated and identified as B. melitensis species, and B. melitensis biovar 3 was the predominant biovar. MLVA-11 genotypes 116 was predominant and had crucial epidemiology to the human population. All 107 strains tested were sorted into 75 MLVA-16 genotypes, with 54 single genotypes representing unique isolates. This result revealed that these Brucellosis cases had epidemiologically unrelated and sporadic characteristics. The remaining 21 shared genotypes among two to four strains, confirming the occurrence of cross-infection and multiple outbreaks. Extensive genotype-events were observed between strains from this study and Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Turkey, these countries were key members of the grassland silk road. Long-time trade in small ruminants (sheep) in these countries has possibly promoted the spread of Brucella spp. in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- Ulanqab Centre for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Jining, Inner Mongolia
| | - Na Ta
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Gang Fang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Chuan Mi
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Ping Yu
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Luo
- Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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28
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Xu N, Wang W, Chen F, Li W, Wang G. ELISA is superior to bacterial culture and agglutination test in the diagnosis of brucellosis in an endemic area in China. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:11. [PMID: 31906870 PMCID: PMC6945397 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is endemic in many areas in China. The current diagnosis of Brucellosis predominantly relies on the traditional bacterial culture and serum agglutination test. In this study, we aimed to explore the value of ELISA in the diagnosis of Brucellosis in Chinese population. Methods We recruited 235 patients with a diagnosis of Brucellosis at different clinical stages: 117 in acute, 78 in subacute, and 40 in chronic. We also recruited 248 control patients who presented with similar clinical symptoms but with a different diagnosis other than Brucellosis. In addition, 90 healthy volunteers were also recruited. Bacterial culture, agglutination test and ELISA assay were performed to detect Brucella spp. Results Among 235 patients with Brucellosis, 51 (21.7%) was positive for bacterial culture, 150 (63.8%) were positive by agglutination test, and 232 (98.7%) were positive by ELISA (IgG and/or IgM). When we stratified the patients based on the disease stages (acute, subacute and chronic), ELISA was the most sensitive method and showed a highest positive rate in all stages. By Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analysis of ELISA results, we found that measurement of IgG level was superior to measurement of IgM level (AUC, 0.993 versus 0.877). Since the measurement of IgG itself missed rare cases in acute phase, we recommended measuring IgG and IgM simultaneously by ELISA for the diagnosis of Brucellosis. In term of the specificity of ELISA in the diagnosis of Brucellosis, our study showed that only 1.6% (4/248) non-Brucellosis patients were positive by ELISA; all positive cases were IgM only and none showed positive IgG. Similar results were found in healthy volunteers. In summary, our study concluded that ELISA is the most sensitive and specific method to detect Brucellosis in Chinese population. Conclusions ELISA assay is sensitive, fast, and convenient to detect Brucellosis. It shows the high sensitivity and specifity and should be used as a routine lab test when Brucellosis is suspected in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fengzhe Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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29
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Deng Y, Liu X, Duan K, Peng Q. Research Progress on Brucellosis. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5598-5608. [PMID: 29745323 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180510125009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a debilitating febrile illness caused by an intracellular Brucella. The disease is distributed in humans and animals widely, especially in developing countries. Ten species are included in the genus Brucella nowadays; four species of them are pathogenic to humans, which make brucellosis a zoonosis with more than 500,000 new cases reported annually. For human brucellosis, the most pathogenic species is B. melitensis followed by B. suis, while B. abortus is the mildest type of brucellosis. The infection mechanism of Brucella is complicated and mostly relies on its virulence factors. The therapy of the disease contains vaccination and antibiotic. However, there are some defects in currently available vaccines such as the lower protective level and safety. Thus, safe and efficient vaccines for brucellosis are still awaited. The dual therapy of antibacterial is effective in the treatment of brucellosis if a rapid and exact detection method is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Kaifang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qisheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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30
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Khan AU, Melzer F, El-Soally SAGE, Elschner MC, Mohamed SA, Sayed Ahmed MA, Roesler U, Neubauer H, El-Adawy H. Serological and Molecular Identification of Brucella spp. in Pigs from Cairo and Giza Governorates, Egypt. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040248. [PMID: 31756893 PMCID: PMC6963660 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is considered as endemic disease of animals and humans since thousands of years in Egypt. However, brucellosis in pigs has never been reported in Egypt. Thus, serological and molecular assays were applied to detect anti-Brucella antibodies and DNA in serum samples collected from pigs. In total 331 blood samples collected from male and female pigs at slaughterhouses of Cairo and Giza governorates were investigated using Brucella c- and i-ELISA and Brucella real-time PCR. Anti-Brucella antibodies were detected in 16 (4.83%) and 36 (10.8%) sera by i-ELISA and c-ELISA, respectively. Brucella DNA was detected in 10 (3.02%) seropositive samples and identified as Brucella melitensis (7/10) and Brucella suis (3/10). A higher prevelance was found in boars. This is the first study investigating pig brucellosis in Egypt. The results of this study will raise awareness for brucellosis in these farm animals and will help to develop effective control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Ullah Khan
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (H.N.)
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Sub-Campus UVAS-Lahore), Jhang 35200, Pakistan
| | - Falk Melzer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (H.N.)
| | | | - Mandy C. Elschner
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (H.N.)
| | | | - Mohamed Abdelmonem Sayed Ahmed
- Veterinary Service Department, Armed Forces Logistics Authority, Egyptian Armed Forces, 11765 Nasr City, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
| | - Uwe Roesler
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (H.N.)
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.U.K.); (F.M.); (M.C.E.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Sezgin M, Aydın M, Karakeçili F, Çıkman A, Gülhan B, Arslan YK. Bruselloz Hastalarında Asimetrik Dimetilarjinin (ADMA) Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. DICLE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.620502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Recombinant Omp2b antigen-based ELISA is an efficient tool for specific serodiagnosis of animal brucellosis. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:979-984. [PMID: 31352634 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of brucellosis as a worldwide zoonotic disease is based on vaccination of animals and diagnosis of infected cases to be eradicated. Accurate and rapid detection of infected animals is of critical importance for preventing the spread of disease. Current detection of brucellosis is based on whole-cell antigens and investigating serum antibodies against Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The critical disadvantage is misdiagnosis of vaccinated animals as infected ones and also cross-reactions with other Gram-negative bacteria. Recombinant outer membrane protein 2b (Omp2b) of Brucella abortus was evaluated as a novel serodiagnostic target in comparison to conventional tests which are based on LPS. Recombinant Omp2b (rOmp2b) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified by Ni2+-based chromatography. rOmp2b was evaluated in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for diagnosis of brucellosis, with sera from Brucella-infected mice along with negative sera and sera from mice which were inoculated with other Gram-negative species for assurance of specificity. Thereafter, cattle sera collected from different regions were assessed along with known negative and known positive serum samples. We found that Omp2b can discriminate between Brucella-infected animals and non-infected ones. Results for assessment of two hundred and fifty cattle sera by Omp2b-based indirect ELISA which were compared to Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and serum tube agglutination test (SAT) showed that our proposed procedure has the sensitivity of 88.5%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 90.8%. We suggest that recombinant Omp2b could be used as a protein antigen for diagnosis of brucellosis in domestic animals and can be evaluated for detection of human brucellosis.
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Zhao M, Huang F, Zhang A, Zhang B, Zeng L, Xu J, Wang J. Congenital brucellosis in a Chinese preterm neonate: A case report. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:2296-2301. [PMID: 30971153 PMCID: PMC6567740 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519838921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although extremely rare, congenital brucellosis can occur via perinatal transmission. We report a case of an infant born prematurely at 34–36 weeks' gestation who had pyrexia, shortness of breath, hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-negative coccobacilli and Brucella infection was suspected. While, serological tests were negative for Brucella antibodies, B. melitensis infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serology of the parents’ blood confirmed the presence of Brucella. The family did not live in an endemic area but had ridden a camel 12 months before the pregnancy. The bacteria may have been sexually transmitted from father to mother and then to foetus via an intrauterine infection. In endemic areas or where the family has been in close contact with infected animals, brucellosis should be suspected in a severely ill neonate with an unknown infection. Thorough medical histories from the family are essential as early diagnosis and prompt therapy will almost certainly improve neonatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Zhao
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Furong Huang
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Xu
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juanmei Wang
- 1 Children's Medical Centre, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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When brucellosis met the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for spondyloarthritis: a comparative study. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:1873-1880. [PMID: 30806857 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To distinguish brucellosis patients fulfilling the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria for spondyloarthritis (SpA) from SpA patients. METHODS Brucellosis patients diagnosed from September 2012 to December 2017 who met the ASAS classification criteria for SpA were analyzed with clinical characteristics and laboratory and imaging examinations. Axial or peripheral SpA patients were respectively included into the comparative analysis with a 4:1 ratio. RESULTS Twenty-two brucellosis (10 axial and 12 peripheral) patients (male, 16 cases; 72.72%; mean (S.D.) age, 40.23 (16.49) years) and 88 SpA patients were included. All brucellosis patients had been misdiagnosed or considered as SpA before admission to our center. The brucellosis patients had shorter disease duration (axial, P = 0.001; peripheral, P = 0.108). More than half (59.09%) of the patients had contact history with livestock. The low back pain (LBP) of brucellosis patients was generally less improved with exercise (axial, P = 0.001; peripheral, P = 0.008). More brucellosis patients had myalgia (axial, P < 0.001; peripheral, P = 0.071) or fever (axial, P < 0.001; peripheral, P = 0.107). None of them had positive HLA-B27. Blood culture tests were performed in all brucellosis patients and only 4 (18.18%) were positive. Twenty (90.91%) brucellosis patients were gold-immunochromatographic assay (GICA) positive. Bone marrow edema and bone erosion in sacroiliac joints were respectively detected in 100% (10/10) and 90% (9/10) axial brucellosis patients by MRI. Adjacent muscle involvement was found in 80% (8/10) of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Indicators including disease duration, contact history of livestock, features of LBP, myalgia, fever, and HLA-B27 can help the differential diagnosis of brucellosis and SpA. GICA test and sacroiliac joints MRI can furtherly confirm the diagnosis of brucellosis.
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Esmaeilnejad-Ganji SM, Esmaeilnejad-Ganji SMR. Osteoarticular manifestations of human brucellosis: A review. World J Orthop 2019; 10:54-62. [PMID: 30788222 PMCID: PMC6379739 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v10.i2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a common global zoonotic disease, which is responsible for a range of clinical manifestations. Fever, sweating and musculoskeletal pains are observed in most patients. The most frequent complication of brucellosis is osteoarticular involvement, with 10% to 85% of patients affected. The sacroiliac (up to 80%) and spinal joints (up to 54%) are the most common affected sites. Spondylitis and spondylodiscitis are the most frequent complications of brucellar spinal involvement. Peripheral arthritis, osteomyelitis, discitis, bursitis and tenosynovitis are other osteoarticular manifestations, but with a lower prevalence. Spinal brucellosis has two forms: focal and diffuse. Epidural abscess is a rare complication of spinal brucellosis but can lead to permanent neurological deficits or even death if not treated promptly. Spondylodiscitis is the most severe form of osteoarticular involvement by brucellosis, and can have single- or multi-focal involvement. Early and appropriate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is important in order to have a successful management of the patients with osteoarticular brucellosis. Brucellosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for sciatic and back pain, especially in endemic regions. Patients with septic arthritis living in endemic areas also need to be evaluated in terms of brucellosis. Physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging techniques are needed to diagnose the disease. Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bone scintigraphy are imaging techniques for the diagnosis of osteoarticular brucellosis. MRI is helpful to differentiate between pyogenic spondylitis and brucellar spondylitis. Drug medications (antibiotics) and surgery are the only two options for the treatment and cure of osteoarticular brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mokhtar Esmaeilnejad-Ganji
- Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47745, Iran
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Muturi M, Bitek A, Mwatondo A, Osoro E, Marwanga D, Gura Z, Ngere P, Nganga Z, Thumbi SM, Njenga K. Risk factors for human brucellosis among a pastoralist community in South-West Kenya, 2015. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:865. [PMID: 30518420 PMCID: PMC6282298 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Brucellosis is one of the top five priority zoonosis in Kenya because of the socio-economic burden of the disease, especially among traditional, livestock keeping communities. We conducted a 1 year, hospital based, unmatched case–control study to determine risk factors for brucellosis among Maasai pastoralists of Kajiado County in 2016. A case was defined by a clinical criteria; fever or history of fever and two clinical signs suggestive of brucellosis and a positive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (c-ELISA). A control was defined as patients visiting the study facility with negative c-ELISA. Unconditional logistic regression was used to study association between exposure variables and brucellosis using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Forty-three cases and 86 controls were recruited from a population of 4792 individuals in 801 households. The mean age for the cases was 48.7 years while that of the controls was 37.6 years. The dominant gender for both cases (62.7%) and controls (58.1%) groups was female. Regular consumption of un-boiled raw milk and assisting animals in delivery were significantly associated with brucellosis by OR 7.7 (95% CI 1.5–40.1) and OR 3.7 (95% CI 1.1–13.5), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Muturi
- Kenya Zoonotic Disease Unit-Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries and Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 20811-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Austine Bitek
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Athman Mwatondo
- Kenya Zoonotic Disease Unit-Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries and Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 20811-00202, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eric Osoro
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Zeinab Gura
- Kenya Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Zipporah Nganga
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S M Thumbi
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.,Kenya Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kariuki Njenga
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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The microRNA expression signature of CD4+ T cells in the transition of brucellosis into chronicity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198659. [PMID: 29897958 PMCID: PMC5999269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a serious infectious disease that continues to be a significant cause of morbidity worldwide and across all ages. Despite early diagnosis and treatment, 10–30% of patients develop chronic brucellosis. Although there have been recent advances in our knowledge of Brucella virulence factors and hosts’ immune response to the infection, there is a lack of clear data regarding how the infection bypasses the immune system and becomes chronic. The present study investigated immunological factors and their roles in the transition of brucellosis from an acute to a chronic infection in CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells sorted from peripheral blood samples of patients with acute or chronic brucellosis and healthy controls using flow cytometry as well as more than 2000 miRNAs were screened using the GeneSpring GX (Agilent) 13.0 miRNA microarray software and were validated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Compared to acute cases, the expression levels of 28 miRNAs were significantly altered in chronic cases. Apart from one miRNA (miR-4649-3p), 27 miRNAs were not expressed in the acute cases (p <0.05, fold change> 2). According to KEGG pathway analysis, these miRNAs are involved in the regulation of target genes that were previously involved in the MAPK signalling pathway, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. This indicates the potential role of these miRNAs in the development of chronic brucellosis. We suggest that these miRNAs can be used as markers to determine the transition of the disease into chronicity. This is the first study of miRNA expression that analyses human CD4+ T cells to clarify the mechanism of chronicity in brucellosis.
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Budak F, Bal SH, Tezcan G, Guvenc F, Akalin EH, Goral G, Deniz G, Oral HB. MicroRNA Expression Patterns of CD8+ T Cells in Acute and Chronic Brucellosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165138. [PMID: 27824867 PMCID: PMC5100978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although our knowledge about Brucella virulence factors and the host response increase rapidly, the mechanisms of immune evasion by the pathogen and causes of chronic disease are still unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the immunological factors which belong to CD8+ T cells and their roles in the transition of brucellosis from acute to chronic infection. Using miRNA microarray, more than 2000 miRNAs were screened in CD8+ T cells of patients with acute or chronic brucellosis and healthy controls that were sorted from peripheral blood with flow cytometry and validated through qRT-PCR. Findings were evaluated using GeneSpring GX (Agilent) 13.0 software and KEGG pathway analysis. Expression of two miRNAs were determined to display a significant fold change in chronic group when compared with acute or control groups. Both miRNAs (miR-126-5p and miR-4753-3p) were decreased (p <0.05 or fold change > 2). These miRNAs have the potential to be the regulators of CD8+ T cell-related marker genes for chronic brucellosis infections. The differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted target genes are involved in MAPK signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, endocytosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and focal adhesion indicating their potential roles in chronic brucellosis and its progression. It is the first study of miRNA expression analysis of human CD8+ T cells to clarify the mechanism of inveteracy in brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferah Budak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - S. Haldun Bal
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Furkan Guvenc
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E. Halis Akalin
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Guher Goral
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H. Barbaros Oral
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
- * E-mail:
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Öncel S. Brusella Enfeksiyonları: Değerlendirme Ve Yönetim. KOCAELI ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2016. [DOI: 10.30934/kusbed.358664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Hu T, Wu J, Zheng C, Wu D. Brucellar spondylodiscitis with rapidly progressive spinal epidural abscess showing cauda equina syndrome. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2016; 2:15030. [PMID: 28053732 DOI: 10.1038/scsandc.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of Brucellosis is often difficult in the patient with only single non-specific symptom because of its rarity. We report a patient with Brucellar spondylodiscitis, in which the low back pain was the only symptom and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed not radiographic features about infection at initial stage. He was misdiagnosed as a lumbar disc herniation for inappropriate treatment in a long time. The delay in diagnosis and correct treatment led to rapid progression of the disease and severe complications. The patient was treated successfully with triple-antibiotic and surgical intervention in the end. Brucellar spondylodiscitis should always be suspended in the differential diagnosis specially when the patient comes from an endemic area or has consumed dairy products from animals in such an area and comprehensive examination should be done for the patent to rule out some important diseases like Brucellosis with sufficient reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Air Force General Hospital of PLA, The Air Force General Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, China; Postgraduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Air Force General Hospital of PLA, The Air Force General Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Beijing, China; Postgraduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Air Force General Hospital of PLA, The Air Force General Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Air Force General Hospital of PLA, The Air Force General Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Beijing, China
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Silbereisen A, Tamborrini M, Wittwer M, Schürch N, Pluschke G. Development of a bead-based Luminex assay using lipopolysaccharide specific monoclonal antibodies to detect biological threats from Brucella species. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:198. [PMID: 26438077 PMCID: PMC4595103 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucella, a Gram-negative bacterium, is classified as a potential bioterrorism agent mainly due to the low dose needed to cause infection and the ability to transmit the bacteria via aerosols. Goats/sheep, cattle, pigs, dogs, sheep and rodents are infected by B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis, B. canis, B. ovis and B. neotomae, respectively, the six classical Brucella species. Most human cases are caused by B. melitensis and B. abortus. Our aim was to specifically detect Brucellae with 'smooth' lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using a highly sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) based immunological assay. METHODS To complement molecular detection systems for potential bioterror agents, as required by international biodefense regulations, sets of mAbs were generated by B cell hybridoma technology and used to develop immunological assays. The combination of mAbs most suitable for an antigen capture assay format was identified and an immunoassay using the Luminex xMAP technology was developed. RESULTS MAbs specific for the LPS O-antigen of Brucella spp. were generated by immunising mice with inactivated B. melitensis or B. abortus cells. Most mAbs recognised both B. melitensis and B. abortus and antigen binding was not impeded by inactivation of the bacterial cells by γ irradiation, formalin or heat treatment, a step required to analyse the samples immunologically under biosafety level two conditions. The Luminex assay recognised all tested Brucella species with 'smooth' LPS with detection limits of 2×10(2) to 8×10(4) cells per mL, depending on the species tested. Milk samples spiked with Brucella spp. cells were identified successfully using the Luminex assay. In addition, the bead-based immunoassay was integrated into a multiplex format, allowing for simultaneous, rapid and specific detection of Brucella spp., Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis and Yersinia pestis within a single sample. CONCLUSION Overall, the robust Luminex assay should allow detection of Brucella spp. in both natural outbreak and bio-threat situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Silbereisen
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marco Tamborrini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias Wittwer
- Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, Switzerland.
| | - Nadia Schürch
- Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, Switzerland.
| | - Gerd Pluschke
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Sanodze L, Bautista CT, Garuchava N, Chubinidze S, Tsertsvadze E, Broladze M, Chitadze N, Sidamonidze K, Tsanava S, Akhvlediani T, Rivard RG, Mody R, Hepburn MJ, Elzer PH, Nikolich MP, Trapaidze N. Expansion of brucellosis detection in the country of Georgia by screening household members of cases and neighboring community members. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:459. [PMID: 25934639 PMCID: PMC4432945 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is considered as endemic zoonotic disease in the country of Georgia. However, the burden of the disease on a household level is not known. Therefore, this study sought to determine the benefits of active surveillance coupled to serological screening for the early detection of brucellosis among close contacts of brucellosis cases. Methods We used an active surveillance approach to estimate the rate of seropositivity among household family members and neighboring community members of brucellosis index cases. All participants were screened using the serum tube agglutination test (SAT). Blood cultures were performed, obtained isolates were identified by a bacteriological algorithm, and confirmed as Brucella spp. using real-time PCR. Further confirmation of Brucella species was done using the AMOS PCR assay. Results A total of 141 participants enrolled. Of these, 27 were brucellosis index cases, 86 were household family members, and 28 were neighboring community members. The serological evidence of brucellosis in the household member group was 7% and the rate at the household level was 21%. No screened community members were Brucella seropositive. Majority of brucellosis cases were caused by B. melitensis; only one index case was linked to B. abortus. Conclusion We found evidence of brucellosis infection among household family members of brucellosis index cases. B. melitensis was the most common species obtained. Findings of this active surveillance study highlight the importance of screening household family members of brucellosis cases and of the use of culture methods to identify Brucella species in the country of Georgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Sanodze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | - Natalia Garuchava
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | | | - Mariam Broladze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Nazibrola Chitadze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Ketevan Sidamonidze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia. .,I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Shota Tsanava
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | - Robert G Rivard
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
| | - Rupal Mody
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
| | - Matthew J Hepburn
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
| | - Philip H Elzer
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Mikeljon P Nikolich
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA. .,U.S. Army Medical Research Unit - Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Nino Trapaidze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia. .,U.S. Army Medical Research Unit - Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
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Andriopoulos P, Kalogerakou A, Rebelou D, Gil APR, Zyga S, Gennimata V, Tsironi M. Prevalence of Brucella antibodies on a previously acute brucellosis infected population: sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of Rose Bengal and Wright standard tube agglutination tests. Infection 2015; 43:325-30. [PMID: 25724798 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-015-0748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brucellosis is a zoonosis with worldwide distribution. The presence of antibodies after acute infection and the prevalence of positive serology in endemic area are not well documented. METHODS Patients hospitalized with acute brucellosis were relocated 3-13 years after the initial infection. Hospital records of the initial infection were retrieved, and examination of Brucella antibodies using Rose Bengal test (RBT) and Wright standard tube agglutination (STA) test was performed. RESULTS Eighty-three patients were hospitalized from 2000 to 2010; 50.6 % were farmers and 37.4 % livestock farmers. All had febrile illness and various focal complications. All had positive serology, and 82.2 % had positive blood cultures; 91.5 % were treated with streptomycin plus doxycycline. Seventy-two (86.7 %) were relocated on follow-up. Nine (12.5 %) had positive RBT and STA up to 1/320. Occupational history was associated with positive serology (p = 0.0172), and 8/9 of the positive individuals were livestock farmers (38.0 % of the livestock farmers checked). Residence, years after the infection, clinical presentation of brucellosis and treatment were not associated with serology results. Both tests had excellent sensitivity (nearly 100 %), specificity 87.5 % and excellent negative predictive value (nearly 100 %); however, positive predictive value was only 11.4 %. CONCLUSIONS Rapid and low-cost tests as RBT and STA are still very useful in diagnosing acute brucellosis; however, every positive test must be examined together with clinical symptoms and occupational history. The tests can be used as screening tests in endemic populations to rule out acute brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Andriopoulos
- Nursing Department, University of Peloponnesus, Orthias Artemidos and Plateon, 23100, Sparta, Greece,
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Efficient diagnosis and treatment follow-up of human brucellosis by a novel quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR assay: a human clinical survey. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:4239-43. [PMID: 25275001 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01819-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and effective diagnosis of brucellosis is a challenge for clinicians. Even when diagnosis is on time and therapy is initiated, meticulous follow-up appointments are crucial for ensuring the efficacy of the treatment. Due to shortcomings of serological methods, molecular diagnosis, especially real-time PCR, is becoming a main approach in laboratory diagnostics. Thus, the development of efficient procedures and standardization of the PCR tests will have a great impact on the precise detection and quantification of bacterial DNA loads, which is valuable for the medical management of brucellosis patients. We developed a new TaqMan real-time PCR directed to bcsp31, a shared gene of the brucellae. The bcsp31 gene fragment was cloned into pJET1.2. Recombinant pJET1.2-bcsp31 was linearized by HindIII digestion, and the product was used for the preparation of a standard curve. A panel of Brucella spp. and non-Brucella pathogens was tested. No bacterial genomes other than those of the brucellae were detected. According to the results, specificity of the method was 100%. In a clinical assessment, the positive-control group comprised 37 patients with microbiologically confirmed brucellosis, and 25 healthy individuals served as the negative-control group. By the end of the treatment period, there was a significant decrease in the DNA load of the 37 brucellosis patients, which persisted for the 4 weeks of monitoring after treatment, suggesting that our proposed method is an efficient monitoring tool. Serum samples prior to any treatment were collected from the 25 serologically suspicious patients and assessed by our method; 72% of these patients tested positive for brucellosis.
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Berber I, Erkurt MA, Yetkin F, Unlu S, Yilmaz S, Bentli R, Bazna S. A rare disease in the differential diagnosis of acute pancreatitis: acute brucellosis. Intern Med 2014; 53:2401-4. [PMID: 25318812 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Some infectious organisms may give rise to acute pancreatitis; brucellosis, however, extremely rarely leads to acute pancreatitis. A 40-year-old man was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, the etiology of which was determined to be acute brucellosis. The patient was discharged without complications approximately 15 days after the initiation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline treatment. Brucella infections may rarely be complicated by acute pancreatitis. Thus, brucellosis should be remembered in the etiology of acute pancreatitis in regions such as Turkey, where Brucella infections are endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhami Berber
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Turkey
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Ulu-Kilic A, Karakas A, Erdem H, Turker T, Inal AS, Ak O, Turan H, Kazak E, Inan A, Duygu F, Demiraslan H, Kader C, Sener A, Dayan S, Deveci O, Tekin R, Saltoglu N, Aydın M, Horasan ES, Gul HC, Ceylan B, Kadanalı A, Karabay O, Karagoz G, Kayabas U, Turhan V, Engin D, Gulsun S, Elaldı N, Alabay S. Update on treatment options for spinal brucellosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 20:O75-82. [PMID: 24118178 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of antibiotic regimens and optimal duration of therapy in complicated and uncomplicated forms of spinal brucellosis. This is a multicentre, retrospective and comparative study involving a total of 293 patients with spinal brucellosis from 19 health institutions. Comparison of complicated and uncomplicated spinal brucellosis was statistically analysed. Complicated spinal brucellosis was diagnosed in 78 (26.6%) of our patients. Clinical presentation was found to be significantly more acute, with fever and weight loss, in patients in the complicated group. They had significantly higher leukocyte and platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C-reactive protein levels, and lower haemoglobulin levels. The involvement of the thoracic spine was significantly more frequent in complicated cases. Spondylodiscitis was complicated, with paravertebral abscess in 38 (13.0%), prevertebral abscess in 13 (4.4%), epidural abscess in 30 (10.2%), psoas abscess in 10 (3.4%) and radiculitis in 8 (2.7%) patients. The five major combination regimens were: doxycycline 200 mg/day, rifampicin 600 mg/day and streptomycin 1 g/day; doxycycline 200 mg/day, rifampicin 600 mg/day and gentamicin 5 mg/kg; doxycycline 200 mg/day and rifampicin 600 mg/day; doxycycline 200 mg/day and streptomycin 1 g/day; and doxycycline 200 mg/day, rifampicin 600 mg/day and ciprofloxacin 1 g/day. There were no significant therapeutic differences between these antibiotic groups; the results were similar regarding the complicated and uncomplicated groups. Patients were mostly treated with doxycycline and rifampicin with or without an aminoglycoside. In the former subgroup, complicated cases received antibiotics for a longer duration than uncomplicated cases. Early recognition of complicated cases is critical in preventing devastating complications. Antimicrobial treatment should be prolonged in complicated spinal brucellosis in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ulu-Kilic
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology (IDCM), Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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