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Pfingstl T, Hiruta SF, Shimano S. Mitochondrial metagenomics reveal the independent colonization of the world's coasts by intertidal oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida, Ameronothroidea). Sci Rep 2024; 14:11634. [PMID: 38773202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oribatid mites are an ancient group that already roamed terrestrial ecosystems in the early and middle Devonian. The superfamily of Ameronothroidea, a supposedly monophyletic lineage, represents the only group of oribatid mites that has successfully invaded the marine coastal environment. By using mitogenome data and nucleic ribosomal RNA genes (18S, 5.8S, 28S), we show that Ameronothroidea are a paraphyletic assemblage and that the land-to-sea transition happened three times independently. Common ancestors of the tropical Fortuyniidae and Selenoribatidae were the first to colonize the coasts and molecular calibration of our phylogeny dates this event to a period in the Triassic and Jurassic era (225-146 mya), whereas present-day distribution indicates that this event might have happened early in this period during the Triassic, when the supercontinent Pangaea still existed. The cold temperate northern hemispheric Ameronothridae colonized the marine littoral later in the late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and had an ancient distribution on Laurasian coasts. The third and final land-to-sea transition happened in the same geological period, but approx. 30 my later when ancestors of Podacaridae invaded coastal marine environments of the Gondwanan landmasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pfingstl
- Department of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Shimpei F Hiruta
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, Fujimi 2-17-1 Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8160, Japan.
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2
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Skoracki M, Unsöld M, Patan M, Sikora B. Lost companions: a new quill mite species and its possible coextinction with the Carolina parakeet. Parasitology 2024; 151:463-467. [PMID: 38148679 PMCID: PMC11106503 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of the parasites associated with extinct avian species provide unique insights into the ecology and evolution of both hosts and their parasitic counterparts. In the present paper, a new quill mite species, Peristerophila conuropsis sp. n., belonging to the family Syringophilidae (Prostigmata: Cheyletoidea) is described from the Carolina parakeet Conuropsis carolinensis Linnaeus (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae). This new species was collected from museum dry skin of the Carolina parakeet, the only native representative of the Psittacidae in the United States, which was an abundant resident of the southeastern and midwestern states and has been extinct in the beginning of the 20th century. Comment on the current taxonomic state and host associations of the genus Peristerophila are provided. Based on the host associations and habitats occupied by Peristerophila and related genera on parrots, it is hypothesized with the high probability that P. conuropsis has been extinct along with its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skoracki
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznan, Poland
| | - Markus Unsöld
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Section Ornithology, Munich, Germany
| | - Milena Patan
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bozena Sikora
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznan, Poland
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3
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Marciniak-Musial N, Hromada M, Sikora B. Taxonomic Diversity of the Quill Mites of the Family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) Associated With Old World Parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittaculidae). J Med Entomol 2022; 59:213-232. [PMID: 34543429 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quill mite fauna of the family Syringophilidae Lavoipierre, 1953 (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) are reviewed. Seven new species are described: Pipicobia cyclopsitta Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Double-Eyed Fig-Parrot Cyclopsitta diophthalma in Papua New Guinea; P. fuscata Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Dusky Lory Pseudeos fuscata in Papua New Guinea; P. tahitiana Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Blue Lorikeet Vini peruviana in Tahiti (French Polynesia); P. malherbi Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Malherbe's Parakeet Cyanoramphus malherbi in New Zealand; Lawrencipicobia eclectus Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Eclectus Parrot Eclectus roratus in Papua New Guinea; Neoaulobia pseudeos Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Dusky Lory Pseudeos fuscata in Papua New Guinea; and N. Skorackii Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Eastern Rosella Platycercus eximius in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Marciniak-Musial
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Bozena Sikora
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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Druciarek T, Lewandowski M, Tzanetakis I. Molecular phylogeny of Phyllocoptes associated with roses discloses the presence of a new species. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 95:105051. [PMID: 34450295 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are few plant maladies as devastating as rose rosette, a disease caused by an eriophyoid -transmitted virus. Rosette annihilates roses across North America, and to date, there is a single verified vector of the virus, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus Keifer. In direct contrast to the importance of rose for the ornamental industry there is limited knowledge on the eriophyoids that inhabit roses in North America and even less information on their vectoring capacities. This study dissects the genetic diversity of the eriophyoid fauna in rosette-affected hotspots and provides evidence of the existence of an undescribed species named Phyllocoptes arcani sp. nov., that could potentially be a second vector of the rosette virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobiasz Druciarek
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ioannis Tzanetakis
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
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Meng FF, Xu Q, Chen JJ, Ji Y, Zhang WH, Fan ZW, Zhao GP, Jiang BG, Shi TX, Fang LQ, Liu W. A dataset of distribution and diversity of blood-sucking mites in China. Sci Data 2021; 8:204. [PMID: 34354081 PMCID: PMC8342612 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00994-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mite-borne diseases, such as scrub typhus and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, present an increasing global public health concern. Most of the mite-borne diseases are caused by the blood-sucking mites. To present a comprehensive understanding of the distributions and diversity of blood-sucking mites in China, we derived information from peer-reviewed journal articles, thesis publications and books related to mites in both Chinese and English between 1978 and 2020. Geographic information of blood-sucking mites' occurrence and mite species were extracted and georeferenced at the county level. Standard operating procedures were applied to remove duplicates and ensure accuracy of the data. This dataset contains 6,443 records of mite species occurrences at the county level in China. This geographical dataset provides an overview of the species diversity and wide distributions of blood-sucking mites, and can potentially be used in distribution prediction of mite species and risk assessment of mite-borne diseases in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Fei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Gui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao-Xing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Q, Deng Y, Song A, Xiang Y, Chen D, Wei L. Comparative analysis of mite genomes reveals positive selection for diet adaptation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:668. [PMID: 34083730 PMCID: PMC8175442 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is a powerful evolutionary force for species adaptation and diversification. Acari is one of the most abundant clades of Arachnida, exhibiting diverse dietary types, while the underlying genetic adaptive mechanisms are not fully understood. Based on comparative analyses of 15 Acari genomes, we found genetic bases for three specialized diets. Herbivores experienced stronger selection pressure than other groups; the olfactory genes and gene families involving metabolizing toxins showed strong adaptive signals. Genes and gene families related to anticoagulation, detoxification, and haemoglobin digestion were found to be under strong selection pressure or significantly expanded in the blood-feeding species. Lipid metabolism genes have a faster evolutionary rate and been subjected to greater selection pressures in fat-feeding species; one positively selected site in the fatty-acid amide hydrolases 2 gene was identified. Our research provides a new perspective for the evolution of Acari and offers potential target loci for novel pesticide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Deng
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - An Song
- ShaanXi JunDa Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - De Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Krasnov BR, Vinarski MV, Korallo-Vinarskaya NP, Shenbrot GI, Khokhlova IS. Spatial and temporal variation of compositional, functional, and phylogenetic diversity in ectoparasite infracommunities harboured by small mammals. Parasitology 2021; 148:685-695. [PMID: 33583440 PMCID: PMC11010129 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We studied patterns of compositional, functional, and phylogenetic α- and β-diversity in flea and gamasid mite infracommunities of small Siberian mammals, taking into account host-associated (species) and environmental (biome or sampling period) factors. We asked: (a) How do these factors and their interactions affect infracommunity diversity? (b) Does infracommunity composition, in terms of species, traits, and phylogenetic lineages, deviate from random? (c) Are species, traits, and phylogenetic lineages in infracommunities clustered or overdispersed?, and (d) Do patterns of diversity differ between the three diversity facets and/or the two ectoparasite taxa? We found that the α-diversity of infracommunities was strongly affected by host species, biome, and sampling period. The highest proportion of infracommunity diversity in both taxa was associated with the interaction between either host species and biome or host species and sampling period. Infracommunities of both taxa within, as well as between, host species, biomes, and sampling periods were characterized by the clustering of species, traits and lineages. The patterns of the effects of host species, biome, and sampling period on infracommunity diversity were congruent among the three diversity facets in both fleas and mites. We conclude that the assembly patterns in ectoparasite infracommunities mirror those characteristics of component and compound communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris R. Krasnov
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Maxim V. Vinarski
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7/9 University Emb., 199034Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Omsk State University, 11 Neftezavodskaya str., 644053Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia P. Korallo-Vinarskaya
- Laboratory of Arthropod-Borne Viral Infections, Omsk Research Institute of Natural Foci Infections, Mira str. 7, 644080Omsk, Russian Federation
- Omsk State Pedagogical University, 14 Tukhachevskogo Emb., 644099 Omsk, Russian Federation
| | - Georgy I. Shenbrot
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Irina S. Khokhlova
- Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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Bassini-Silva R, Huang-Bastos M, Welbourn C, Ochoa R, Barros-Battesti DM, de Castro Jacinavicius F. Redescription of Brennanacarus annereauxi (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) With New Records for Uruguay. J Med Entomol 2021; 58:261-266. [PMID: 32869055 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Brennanacarus annereauxi (Brennan and Yunker, 1969) was described from Venezuela parasitizing the greater spear-nosed bat. The monotypic genus Brennanacarus Goff, Yunker and Wheeler, 1987 is a replacement name for Nasicola Brennan and Yunker, 1969, which was preoccupied by Nasicola Yamaguti, 1968. Here, we redescribe the genus Brennanacarus and the type species B. annereauxi. Also, this is the first record of this species, as well as the second record of any chigger, for Uruguay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo-FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Huang-Bastos
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo-FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cal Welbourn
- Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL
| | - Ron Ochoa
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo-FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Alfonso-Toledo JA, Paredes-León R. Molecular and Morphological Identification of Dermanyssoid Mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) Causatives of a Parasitic Outbreak on Captive Snakes. J Med Entomol 2021; 58:246-251. [PMID: 33432352 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A parasitic outbreak caused by dermanyssoid mites in a herpetarium of the Metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico is revealed. This outbreak was caused by Hemilaelaps triangulus (Ewing), but a second mite species, Ophionyssus natricis (Gervais), was found in low abundance. The parasitic load is analyzed, and the morphological and molecular diagnostic characters to identify each of the two species involved are given. A barcode analysis is presented, and two more molecular markers are presented and analyzed. Hemilaelaps triangulus is recorded for the first time in Mexico, and this is the first record of massive infestation on captive snakes caused by ixodorhynchid mites, and DNA sequences of ixodorhynchid mites are publicly available for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alberto Alfonso-Toledo
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P., México
| | - Ricardo Paredes-León
- Colección Nacional de Ácaros, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito zona deportiva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P., México
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de Lillo E, Fanelli E, Valenzano D, Monfreda R, Troccoli A, Vovlas A, De Luca F. Characterisation of Aceria massalongoi and a histopathological study of the leaf galls induced on chaste trees. Exp Appl Acarol 2020; 82:33-57. [PMID: 32870432 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The eriophyoid mite Aceria massalongoi (Canestrini) was collected from globoid leaf galls on severely injured chaste trees, Vitex agnus-castus L. (Lamiaceae), in Bari and Bernalda (southern Italy), and on the Ionian island Leukade (Greece). Female, male and nymph were described in detail, following the current morphometric descriptive scheme, supplementing older and incomplete descriptions. Molecular characterization of A. massalongoi from Italy and Greece was conducted by amplifying and sequencing the ribosomal ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene and the mitochondrial COI, for the first time. Phylogenetic trees based on the three molecular markers showed congruent results, confirming that Italian and Greek A. massalongoi populations are the same species that cluster together with some intraspecific variability. Galls, ranging from 0.5 to 2.8 mm in diameter, were randomly distributed on both leaf surfaces, and protruded ca. 1 mm from the leaf surface. Sometimes they were closely aggregated on midrib and leaves, which, consequently, appeared strongly deformed. Close-up observations revealed that gall induction causes hyperplastic proliferation of leaf tissues around the gall chamber hosting mites. The uniserial cell lining inside this chamber provides the nutritional tissue for the mites. All feeding cells contained one or more (frequently 2-3) hypertrophied nuclei and dense granular cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico de Lillo
- Entomology and Zoology Section, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (Di.S.S.P.A.), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Elena Fanelli
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (I.P.S.P.), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Valenzano
- Entomology and Zoology Section, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (Di.S.S.P.A.), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosita Monfreda
- Entomology and Zoology Section, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (Di.S.S.P.A.), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Troccoli
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (I.P.S.P.), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessio Vovlas
- A. P. S. Polyxena, Via Donizetti 12, Conversano, 70014, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca De Luca
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (I.P.S.P.), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126, Bari, Italy.
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Khalaf L, Timm A, Chuang WP, Enders L, Hefley TJ, Smith CM. Modeling Aceria tosichella biotype distribution over geographic space and time. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233507. [PMID: 32469925 PMCID: PMC7259573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, one of the most destructive arthropod pests of bread wheat worldwide, inflicts significant annual reductions in grain yields. Moreover, A. tosichella is the only vector for several economically important wheat viruses in the Americas, Australia and Europe. To date, mite-resistant wheat genotypes have proven to be one of the most effective methods of controlling the A. tosichella—virus complex. Thus, it is important to elucidate A. tosichella population genetic structure, in order to better predict improved mite and virus management. Two genetically distinct A. tosichella lineages occur as pests of wheat in Australia, Europe, North America, South America and the Middle East. These lineages are known as type 1 and type 2 in Australia and North America and in Europe and South America as MT-8 and MT-1, respectively. Type 1 and type 2 mites in Australia and North America are delineated by internal transcribed spacer 1 region (ITS1) and cytochrome oxidase I region (COI) sequence differences. In North America, two A. tosichella genotypes known as biotypes are recognized by their response to the Cmc3 mite resistance gene in wheat. Aceria tosichella biotype 1 is susceptible to Cmc3 and biotype 2 is virulent to Cmc3. In this study, ITS1 and COI sequence differences in 25 different populations of A. tosichella of known biotype 1 or biotype 2 composition were characterized for ITS1 and COI sequence differences and used to model spatio-temporal dynamics based on biotype prevalence. Results showed that the proportion of biotype 1 and 2 varies both spatially and temporally. Greater ranges of cropland and grassland within 5000m of the sample site, as well as higher mean monthly precipitation during the month prior to sampling appear to reduce the probability of occurrence of biotype 1 and increase the probability of occurrence of biotype 2. The results suggest that spatio-temporal modeling can effectively improve A. tosichella management. Continual integration of additional current and future precipitation and ground cover data into the existing model will further improve the accuracy of predicting the occurrence of A. tosichella in annual wheat crops, allowing producers to make informed decisions about the selection of varieties with different A. tosichella resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luaay Khalaf
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alicia Timm
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Wen-Po Chuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laramy Enders
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - T. J. Hefley
- Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - C. Michael Smith
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mohammadi A, Sedaghat MM, Abai MR, Darvish J, Mobedi I, Mahmoudi A, Mostafavi E. Wild Rodents and Their Ectoparasites in an Enzootic Plague Focus, Western Iran. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:334-347. [PMID: 32077816 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Entomological surveys of ectoparasites and their hosts are an essential tool for assessing the risks of rodent-borne diseases transmitted to humans by arthropod vectors. Objectives: This study was carried out to update the epidemiological data of plague with respect to species compositions of the rodents and their ectoparasites at enzootic foci located in Kurdistan Province, Iran. Methods: The rodents' habitats were selected based on past records of plague and subclimates in each study district with especial attention to the vegetation type. The trapped rodents were anesthetized using a chloroform chamber, and the animals were then examined for ectoparasites by brushing their hair over a pan containing water. The ectoparasites were collected with a fine brush and preserved in 70% ethanol in screw cap tubes. Results: A total of 208 rodents were trapped from three districts. Taxonomic ranking of the rodents indicated that the specimens belonged to 2 suborders of Myomorpha and Sciuromorpha, 4 families (Muridae, Muscardinidae, Cricetidae, and Sciuridae), 7 genera, including Meriones, Apodemus, Mus, Sciurus, Microtus, and Dryomys, and 15 species. Out of 208 rodents, only 56 (26.9%) were infested with 22 species of ectoparasites. Totally, 312 ectoparasites were isolated from 56 rodents, including 12 flea species (54.5%), 6 mite species (27.3%), 3 tick species (13.6%), and one louse species (4.6%). Five species of fleas were recorded for the first time in Kurdistan Province, including Ctenophthalmus iranus persicus, Paraceras melis melis, Nosopsyllus iranus iranus, Paraceras sp., and Ctenophyllus spp. Conclusion: The finding revealed new records for rodents and ectoparasites in Kurdistan Province, as well as changes in dominant rodent species and their ectoparasites compared to previous studies. This phenomenon can influence the changes in the incidence of plague and its epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abai
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Darvish
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iraj Mobedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mahmoudi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Vasquez AA, Carmona-Galindo V, Qazazi MS, Walker XN, Ram JL. Water mite assemblages reveal diverse genera, novel DNA barcodes and transitional periods of intermediate disturbance. Exp Appl Acarol 2020; 80:491-507. [PMID: 32144638 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water mites are important constituents of aquatic ecosystems, but their biodiversity is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to improve knowledge of water mite assemblages in the Detroit River through combined use of morphological and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) DNA barcode data and to elucidate seasonal water mite diversity. The diversity of water mites collected from Blue Heron Lagoon at Belle Isle, an island in the Detroit River, is described. Novel DNA barcodes for Albia, Hydrochoreutes, Madawaska, and Axonopsis are reported with a species level barcode for Lebertia. Novel DNA barcodes may represent the presence of previously undescribed variants or new species of several genera. The prevalence of water mites is higher in the summer, but a different pattern is observed for diversity. The diversity of water mites, by several measures, varies seasonally with lower diversity in summer and winter months and higher diversity during seasonal transitions. For these organisms, we interpret seasonal change as an intermediate disturbance resulting in increased biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Vasquez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Victor Carmona-Galindo
- College of Engineering and Science, University of Detroit Mercy, 4001 W. McNichols, Detroit, MI, 48221, USA
| | - Milad S Qazazi
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Xavier N Walker
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Ram
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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14
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Demirkazık M, Koltaş İS. Blepharitis Caused by Demodex. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2020; 44:21-24. [PMID: 32212585 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2019.6476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demodicosis is a Skin disease in humans caused by Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) and Demodex brevis (D.brevis) mites. Demodex infestation is mostly located in sebaceous and meibomian glands in the hair follicles. The aim of this study was to determine the age and sex distribution of Demodex infestation in patients with blepharitis. METHODS Between 2011-2018, eyelashes from 335 patients with blepharitis, visual impairment or conjunctivitis attached to the cellophane tape were sent to the laboratory of Department of Medical Parasitology in Çukurova University Medical Faculty and were examined within 1 hour. RESULTS D. folliculorum was detected in 143 (42.6%) of the 335 patients. Of the patients in whom D. folliculorum was detected, 50 (35%) were female and 93 (65%) were male. The mean age of patients with D. folliculorum was 64.1 years and the mean age of patients without D. folliculorum was 52.7 years. CONCLUSION In patients with blepharitis, the incidence of Demodex increases with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Demirkazık
- Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Adana, Türkiye
| | - İsmail Soner Koltaş
- Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Adana, Türkiye
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15
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Morales-Malacara JB, Castaño-Meneses G, Klompen H, Mancina CA. New Species of the Genus Periglischrus (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from Monophyllus Bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in the West Indies, Including a Morphometric Analysis of Its Intraspecific Variation. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:418-436. [PMID: 31746340 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of a new species, Periglischrus empheresotrichus, was determined through a review of museum collections, as well as a field survey of ectoparasites of island bats. This new species parasitizes on two bat species of the genus Monophyllus Leach, the Greater Antillean Long-tongued bat Monophyllus redmani Leach and the Lesser Antillean Long-tongued bat Monophyllus plethodon Miller. The female, male, deuthonymphs, and protonymph are described and illustrated. P. empheresotrichus n. sp. has an insular distribution, we evaluated the morphological variation of the adult populations, and concluded that intra-specific variation is correlated both with host species and locality (island) in the West Indies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Morales-Malacara
- Lab. Espeleobiología y Acarología, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Gabriela Castaño-Meneses
- Lab. Ecología de Artrópodos en Ambientes Extremos, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Hans Klompen
- Acarology Laboratory, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Carlos A Mancina
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Boyeros, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
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16
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Morales-Malacara JB, Guerrero R. Two New Species and New Records of Mites of the Genus Parichoronyssus (Acari: Macronyssidae) From South American Bats (Chiroptera), With a Key to the Known Species of the Genus. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:404-417. [PMID: 31746338 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Derived from exhaustive search of mites of the genus Parichoronyssus associated with South American Bats, we found two new species associated with Phyllostomid, Emballonurid, and Noctiniolid bats: Parichoronyssus alexanderfaini n. sp. associated with Rhinophylla pumilio Peters; Parichoronyssus gettingeri n. sp. associated with Rhynchonycteris naso Wied-Newied, and Noctilio leporinus Linneo. Herein we give the description of those new species, and additionally is included several new records for Parichoronyssus from the region, as well as providing a key to the 11 species of Parichoronyssus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Morales-Malacara
- Laboratorio de Espeleobiología y Acarología, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Ricardo Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Biología de Vectores y Parásitos, Centro de Ecología y Evolución, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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17
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Skoracki M, Sikora B, Jerzak L, Hromada M. Tanopicobia gen. nov., a new genus of quill mites, its phylogenetic placement in the subfamily Picobiinae (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) and picobiine relationships with avian hosts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225982. [PMID: 31940314 PMCID: PMC6961858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A new monotypic genus Tanopicobia gen. nov. is established for a new species Tanopicobia trachyphoni sp. nov., parasitizing Trachyphonus erythrocephalus Cabanis, 1878 (Piciformes: Lybiidae) from Tanzania. In phylogenetic analyses based on morphological data and constructed using the maximum parsimony approach, this taxon falls within the subfamily Picobiinae Johnston and Kethley, 1973 in the Neopicobia-species-group as closely related to the genus Pipicobia Glowska and Schmidt, 2014. Tanopicobia differs from Pipicobia by the following features in females: genital setae absent; setae ve are situated far and posteromedial to the level of setal bases vi; setae 3a are thick and knobbed. Additionally, a new generic key for subfamily Picobiinae is constructed and general host-parasite ecological and phylogenetic relationships are discussed. Picobiines are present in several lineages of neoavian birds, from basal Galloanseres to terminal Telluraves, which are infested by 70 (89.7% of all) species of these ectoparasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skoracki
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Sikora
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Leszek Jerzak
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
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18
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Pfaff A, Gabriel D, Böckmann E. Mitespotting: approaches for Aculops lycopersici monitoring in tomato cultivation. Exp Appl Acarol 2020; 80:1-15. [PMID: 31848866 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aculops lycopersici is a major pest in tomato cultivation worldwide, and lately its relevance in German tomato cultivation has increased markedly. Aculops lycopersici causes damage to tomato plants by feeding on the surface of leaves, stem and fruits and can lead to the loss of whole plants. Given the small size of the pest, A. lycopersici infestation may go unnoticed for quite a length of time. When discovered symptoms can be easily confused with those of diseases. In addition to these issues A. lycopersici has a very high reproduction rate. In this study, fluorescence measurements were performed on the stem of A. lycopersici-inoculated potted tomato plants and these were compared with a visual bare eye assessment and a sticky tape imprint method for classification of these plants as either infested or healthy. The best correct classification rate was achieved with sticky tape, but this method is time intensive, which makes it unsuitable for large-scale monitoring in practice. Classification based on a ridge regression performed on stem fluorescence measurements was at least as good as the classification based on the visual assessment, and detection was robust against symptoms of drought stress. In a second trial the specificity of stem fluorescence measurements for A. lycopersici against Trialeurodes vaporariorum was tested successfully. The fluorescence method is promising as this method allows for high automation and thereby has the potential to increase monitoring efficacy in practice considerably. The relevance of the tested monitoring methods for practical tomato cultivation and the next steps to be taken are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pfaff
- Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Doreen Gabriel
- Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Bundesallee 58, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elias Böckmann
- Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
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Briceño C, González-Acuña D, Jiménez JE, Bornscheuer ML, Funk SM, Knapp LA. EAR MITES, OTODECTES CYNOTIS, ON WILD FOXES ( PSEUDALOPEX SPP.) IN CHILE. J Wildl Dis 2020; 56:105-112. [PMID: 31329523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We found the ear mite parasite (Otodectes cynotis; Acari: Psoroptidae) in two distant insular endangered fox populations in Chile. We identified O. cynotis in both the Darwin's fox (Pseudalopex fulvipes) from Chiloé and the Fuegian culpeo (Pseudalopex culpaeus lycoides) in Tierra del Fuego. These populations are approximately 2,000 km apart. Infestation rates were high for both endemic foxes: 76% (19/25) of Darwin's foxes were affected, and 73% (11/15) of Fuegian culpeos had ear mites. Two Darwin's foxes had abundant ear discharge, and one of these also exhibited secondary infections of Morganella morganii and Geotrichum sp. fungi. Mites were characterized molecularly as Otodectes spp. for the Fuegian culpeo samples. Genetic analyses of two mites found the O. cynotis genotype I, as well as what appeared to be a new allele sequence for O. cynotis. These results confirmed the hypothesis of a worldwide distribution species of ear mite. Introduced chilla foxes (Pseudalopex griseus; n=11) on Tierra del Fuego Island and domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris; n=379) from both islands were also sampled, but they showed no signs of infection. Our findings provided insight into the genetic diversity, the origins, and the possible impact of this globally distributed mite on endemic free-ranging populations of foxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Briceño
- ConserLab, Department of Animal Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | | | - Jaime E Jiménez
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - María Loreto Bornscheuer
- ConserLab, Department of Animal Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Stephan M Funk
- Nature Heritage, St. Lawrence, Jersey JE3 1, Channel Islands
- Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
| | - Leslie A Knapp
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Zhang YX, Chen X, Wang JP, Zhang ZQ, Wei H, Yu HY, Zheng HK, Chen Y, Zhang LS, Lin JZ, Sun L, Liu DY, Tang J, Lei Y, Li XM, Liu M. Genomic insights into mite phylogeny, fitness, development, and reproduction. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:954. [PMID: 31818245 PMCID: PMC6902594 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) are the most important beneficial arthropods used in augmentative biological pest control of protected crops around the world. However, the genomes of mites are far less well understood than those of insects and the evolutionary relationships among mite and other chelicerate orders are contested, with the enigmatic origin of mites at one of the centres in discussion of the evolution of Arachnida. RESULTS We here report the 173 Mb nuclear genome (from 51.75 Gb pairs of Illumina reads) of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus cucumeris, a biocontrol agent against pests such as mites and thrips worldwide. We identified nearly 20.6 Mb (~ 11.93% of this genome) of repetitive sequences and annotated 18,735 protein-coding genes (a typical gene 2888 bp in size); the total length of protein-coding genes was about 50.55 Mb (29.2% of this assembly). About 37% (6981) of the genes are unique to N. cucumeris based on comparison with other arachnid genomes. Our phylogenomic analysis supported the monophyly of Acari, therefore rejecting the biphyletic origin of mites advocated by other studies based on limited gene fragments or few taxa in recent years. Our transcriptomic analyses of different life stages of N. cucumeris provide new insights into genes involved in its development. Putative genes involved in vitellogenesis, regulation of oviposition, sex determination, development of legs, signal perception, detoxification and stress-resistance, and innate immune systems are identified. CONCLUSIONS Our genomics and developmental transcriptomics analyses of N. cucumeris provide invaluable resources for further research on the development, reproduction, and fitness of this economically important mite in particular and Arachnida in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xuan Zhang
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Natural Enemy Resource of Crop Pest in Fujian, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Natural Enemy Resource of Crop Pest in Fujian, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Ping Wang
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhang
- Landcare Research, Auckland and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hui Wei
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Natural Enemy Resource of Crop Pest in Fujian, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Yu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Kun Zheng
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Chen
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Natural Enemy Resource of Crop Pest in Fujian, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhen Lin
- Fujian Yanxuan Bio-preventing and Technology Biocontrol Corporation, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Natural Enemy Resource of Crop Pest in Fujian, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yuan Liu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Tang
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lei
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ming Li
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300 People’s Republic of China
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21
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Liu Q, Yuan YM, Lai Y, Wang GQ, Xue XF. Unravelling the phylogeny, cryptic diversity and morphological evolution of Diptilomiopus mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea). Exp Appl Acarol 2019; 79:323-344. [PMID: 31786687 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Eriophyoidea, notable for specific morphological characters (four-legged mites) and gall-formation in host plants (gall mites), is one of the most species-rich superfamilies of Acari. Monophyly of the superfamily Eriophyoidea is accepted by all acarologists; however, monophyly of most genera has not been evaluated in a molecular phylogenetic network. Furthermore, most eriophyoid mites, especially species in the genus Diptilomiopus, are morphologically similar, challenging their identification. Here we test the phylogeny and cryptic diversity of Diptilomiopus species using fragments of two mitochondrial (COI and 12S) and two nuclear (18S and 28S) genes. Our results revealed the monophyly of Diptilomiopus. Sequence distance, barcode gap, and species delimitation analyses of the COI gene allowed us to resolve cryptic diversity of Diptilomiopus species. Additionally, we supposed that characteristics of genu fused with femur on both legs and seta ft' absent on leg II evolved only once within Diptilomiopus, which are potential morphological synapomorphies. In contrast, characteristics of both setae ft' and ft″ divided into a short branch and a long branch were supposed evolving multiple times independently. Our findings contribute to the understanding of phylogeny and morphological evolution of Diptilomiopus species and provide a DNA-based approach for species delimitation of Diptilomiopus mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Mei Yuan
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Lai
- Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, China
| | - Guo-Quan Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xue
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Schaefer I, Caruso T. Oribatid mites show that soil food web complexity and close aboveground-belowground linkages emerged in the early Paleozoic. Commun Biol 2019; 2:387. [PMID: 31667361 PMCID: PMC6805910 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The early evolution of ecosystems in Palaeozoic soils remains poorly understood because the fossil record is sparse, despite the preservation of soil microarthropods already from the Early Devonian (~410 Mya). The soil food web plays a key role in the functioning of ecosystems and its organisms currently express traits that have evolved over 400 my. Here, we conducted a phylogenetic trait analysis of a major soil animal group (Oribatida) to reveal the deep time story of the soil food web. We conclude that this group, central to the trophic structure of the soil food web, diversified in the early Paleozoic and resulted in functionally complex food webs by the late Devonian. The evolution of body size, form, and an astonishing trophic diversity demonstrates that the soil food web was as structured as current food webs already in the Devonian, facilitating the establishment of higher plants in the late Paleozoic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Schaefer
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, BT9 5DL Belfast, UK
- JFB Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tancredi Caruso
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, BT9 5DL Belfast, UK
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Blattner L, Gerecke R, von Fumetti S. Hidden biodiversity revealed by integrated morphology and genetic species delimitation of spring dwelling water mite species (Acari, Parasitengona: Hydrachnidia). Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:492. [PMID: 31639027 PMCID: PMC6805402 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water mites are among the most diverse organisms inhabiting freshwater habitats and are considered as substantial part of the species communities in springs. As parasites, Hydrachnidia influence other invertebrates and play an important role in aquatic ecosystems. In Europe, 137 species are known to appear solely in or near springheads. New species are described frequently, especially with the help of molecular species identification and delimitation methods. The aim of this study was to verify the mainly morphology-based taxonomic knowledge of spring-inhabiting water mites of central Europe and to build a genetic species identification library. METHODS We sampled 65 crenobiontic species across the central Alps and tested the suitability of mitochondrial (cox1) and nuclear (28S) markers for species delimitation and identification purposes. To investigate both markers, distance- and phylogeny-based approaches were applied. The presence of a barcoding gap was tested by using the automated barcoding gap discovery tool and intra- and interspecific genetic distances were investigated. Furthermore, we analyzed phylogenetic relationships between different taxonomic levels. RESULTS A high degree of hidden diversity was observed. Seven taxa, morphologically identified as Bandakia concreta Thor, 1913, Hygrobates norvegicus (Thor, 1897), Ljania bipapillata Thor, 1898, Partnunia steinmanni Walter, 1906, Wandesia racovitzai Gledhill, 1970, Wandesia thori Schechtel, 1912 and Zschokkea oblonga Koenike, 1892, showed high intraspecific cox1 distances and each consisted of more than one phylogenetic clade. A clear intraspecific threshold between 5.6-6.0% K2P distance is suitable for species identification purposes. The monophyly of Hydrachnidia and the main superfamilies is evident with different species clearly separated into distinct clades. cox1 separates water mite species but is unsuitable for resolving higher taxonomic levels. CONCLUSIONS Water mite species richness in springs is higher than has been suggested based on morphological species identification alone and further research is needed to evaluate the true diversity. The standard molecular species identification marker cox1 can be used to identify species but should be complemented by a nuclear marker, e.g. 28S, to resolve taxonomic relationships. Our results contribute to the taxonomical knowledge on spring inhabiting Hydrachnida, which is indispensable for the development and implementation of modern environment assessment methods, e.g. metabarcoding, in spring ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Blattner
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Geoecology Research Group, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Gerecke
- Department of Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28E, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie von Fumetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Geoecology Research Group, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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de Castro Jacinavicius F, Bassini-Silva R, Soares JF, Virginio F, Welbourn C, Barros-Battesti DM. Description of Leptus (Leptus) haitlingeri n. sp. (Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae), parasitising horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae), and a key to the larvae of Leptus spp. in Brazil. Syst Parasitol 2019; 96:723-734. [PMID: 31502195 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-019-09878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The genus Leptus Latreille, 1796 (Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae) is represented by more than 250 species worldwide, and the larval stages of these mites are ectoparasites of many arthropod orders. In Brazil, there are 12 species of Leptus, some of which have been reported parasitising representatives of the orders Opiliones, Araneae, Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera. This paper describes Leptus (Leptus) haitlingeri n. sp. collected from horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from L. (L.) adaminae Haitlinger, 2004 and L. (L.) fozicus Haitlinger, 2004 by the presence of 4 branched setae on palptarsus (vs 2 branched setae). A key to the larvae of Leptus spp. in Brazil is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Fábio Soares
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Virginio
- Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cal Welbourn
- Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Mąkol J, Saboori A, Felska M. Inter- and intraspecific variability of morphological and molecular characters in Allothrombium species, with special reference to Allothrombium fuliginosum. Exp Appl Acarol 2019; 78:485-504. [PMID: 31292771 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Morphology-based identification of Allothrombium spp., in view of the limited knowledge of intraspecific variation, hinders the recognition of species borders and affects the views on the actual distribution of species. Therefore, identification will benefit from reference to molecular methods. The separate species identity of specimens putatively representing Allothrombium fuliginosum and A. pulvinum, both reported as widely distributed in the Palaearctic region and considered as potential biological control agents, was checked using morphological and molecular analyses. The representatives of various Allothrombium spp. collected in the Palaearctic were included in the analysis in order to ascertain the distance between species. The results of the morphological examination, supported by statistical inference, along with the comparison of COI and/or ITS2 sequences, weaken the hypothesis of synoccurrence of both species in the Palaearctic region. Hence, we hypothesize that A. fuliginosum is widely distributed in the Palaearctic, whereas A. pulvinum should be regarded a Nearctic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Mąkol
- Department of Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5B, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alireza Saboori
- Jalal Afshar Zoological Museum, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Magdalena Felska
- Department of Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5B, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland.
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26
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Lima-Barbero JF, Sánchez MS, Cabezas-Cruz A, Mateos-Hernández L, Contreras M, de Mera IGF, Villar M, de la Fuente J. Clinical gamasoidosis and antibody response in two patients infested with Ornithonyssus bursa (Acari: Gamasida: Macronyssidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2019; 78:555-564. [PMID: 31367978 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blood-feeding ectoparasites constitute a growing burden for human and animal health, and animal production worldwide. In particular, mites (Acari: Gamasida) of the genera Dermanyssus (Dermanyssidae) and Ornithonyssus (Macronyssidae) infest birds and cause gamasoidosis in humans. The tropical fowl mite, Ornithonyssus bursa, is commonly found in tropical and subtropical countries but rarely reported in Europe. In this research we characterized the first two cases in Spain of clinical gamasoidosis diagnosed in patients infested with O. bursa, and investigated the IgE, IgM and IgG antibody response to mite proteins and the carbohydrate Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) involved in the tick-bite associated alpha-Gal syndrome (AGS). The results suggested that O. bursa is establishing across Mediterranean countries, and may increase the risk for gamasoidosis. The immune antibody response to mite proteins was higher for IgM and similar for IgE and IgG antibodies between patients and non-allergic control individuals exposed to mite or tick bites. The anti-α-Gal antibody levels were similar between patients and controls, a result supported by the absence of this carbohydrate in mites. These results suggested that mite bites do not correlate with antibody response to acarine proteins or α-Gal, and are not associated with the AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Lima-Barbero
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Sabiotec, S.A. Ed. Polivalente UCLM, Camino de Moledores, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Marta Sánchez Sánchez
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Lourdes Mateos-Hernández
- UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marinela Contreras
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Isabel G Fernández de Mera
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Margarita Villar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Duarte ME, de Mendonça RS, Skoracka A, Silva ES, Navia D. Integrative taxonomy of Abacarus mites (Eriophyidae) associated with hybrid sugarcane plants, including description of a new species. Exp Appl Acarol 2019; 78:373-401. [PMID: 31278610 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytophagous mites belonging to the Eriophyoidea are extremely diverse and highly host-specific. Their accurate morphological identification is hampered by their reduced size and simplified bodies and by the existence of cryptic species complexes. Previous studies have demonstrated the urgency of applying multisource methods to accurate taxonomic identification of eriophyoid mites, especially species belonging to the genus Abacarus. This genus comprises 65 species, of which 37 are associated with grasses and four with sugarcane Saccharum (Poaceae). Recently, Abacarus specimens very similar to Abacarus sacchari were collected from the sugarcane crop in Brazil; however, their taxonomic placement was uncertain. In this study, we used an integrative approach to determine whether A. aff. sacchari specimens belong to A. sacchari or constitute a cryptic species. Morphological data were combined with molecular phylogeny based on the nucleotide sequences of three markers, one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (D2 region of 28S and ITS). Morphological differences were observed between A. aff. sacchari, A. sacchari and A. doctus. The phylogenetic relationships among these three taxa and the genetic distances separating them revealed an interspecific divergence. The results of the morphological and molecular methods were congruent and supported the existence of a new species: Abacarus neosacchari n. sp. Duarte and Navia, herein described. This species belongs to the Abacarus cryptic species complex associated with sugarcane in the Americas. The results of this study, presenting the occurrence of multiple Abacarus species associated with sugarcane, contribute to the knowledge on plants and mites diversity by adding up one more clue highlighting that plant hybridization can be an important mechanism contributing to the speciation of plant-feeding arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mércia Elias Duarte
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, 70770-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Santos de Mendonça
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70297-400, Brazil
| | - Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Edmilson Santos Silva
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Arapiraca, 57309-005, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CECA), Alagoas, 57100-000, Brazil
| | - Denise Navia
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, 70770-900, Brazil.
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Druciarek T, Lewandowski M, Tzanetakis I. A new, sensitive and efficient method for taxonomic placement in the Eriophyoidea and virus detection in individual eriophyoids. Exp Appl Acarol 2019; 78:247-261. [PMID: 31129764 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Eriophyoids affect crops around the globe directly or indirectly as virus vectors. Eriophyoid systematics initiated over a century ago, yet more than 90% of their fauna remain undescribed. Morphological identification is challenging because of a limited number of traits, cryptic speciation and complex life cycle reported for many species in the group. Nucleic acids extraction for mite identification is challenging due to their microscopic size with researchers using pooled samples leading to polymorphisms and inconclusive results. Identification of mite virus vectors is a tiresome task that could be simplified with a protocol that allows for the detection of viruses in the individual specimen. This communication describes an innovative, highly efficient extraction and detection pipeline. Direct Reverse Transcriptase - Polymerase Chain Reaction (Drt-PCR) assays were implemented in the molecular identification of eriophyoids and detection of viruses present in their bodies. The reverse transcription step allows for amplification from a single mite or egg, as in addition to the genomic DNA, it incorporates the abundant transcripts of targeted genes, whereas it also allows for the amplification of viruses. This communication provides an efficient, sensitive and cost-effective alternative that can be implemented in pest identification and detection as well as biological and ecological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobiasz Druciarek
- Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Schäffer S, Kerschbaumer M, Koblmüller S. Multiple new species: Cryptic diversity in the widespread mite species Cymbaeremaeus cymba (Oribatida, Cymbaeremaeidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 135:185-192. [PMID: 30898693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The absence of obvious morphological differences between species impedes species identification in many groups of organisms. Such cryptic species appear to be particularly common in small-bodied animals, impacting species richness estimates. In this study we aimed at characterizing the molecular diversity of the Palearctic arboreal oribatid mite species Cymbaeremaeus cymba across large parts of Europe. Phylogenetic analyses of three molecular markers, including the COI barcoding region, identified eight well supported, fairly divergent clades within C. cymba, which we consider to represent distinct species based on molecular species delimitation methods. Intraspecific variation of the COI gene was extremely low in all putative species, contradicting previous assumptions of high intraspecific diversity in oribatid mites. The frequent co-occurrence of two species on a single tree suggests an ecological micro-niche differentiation. Contrary to previous studies on oribatid mites, we find that COI is a good marker for species delimitation and its further use for barcoding of oribatids is highly recommended. Furthermore, we provide descriptions of six new Cymbaeremaeus species and designate a neotype of C. cymba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Schäffer
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Stephan Koblmüller
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Klimov PB, Skoracki M, Bochkov AV. Cox1 barcoding versus multilocus species delimitation: validation of two mite species with contrasting effective population sizes. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:8. [PMID: 30611284 PMCID: PMC6321676 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cox1-barcoding approach is currently extensively used for high-throughput species delimitation and discovery. However, this method has several limitations, particularly when organisms have large effective population sizes. Paradoxically, most common, abundant, and widely distributed species may be misclassified by this technique. RESULTS We conducted species delimitation analyses for two host-specific lineages of scab mites of the genus Caparinia, having small population sizes. Cox1 divergence between these lineages was high (7.4-7.8%) while that of nuclear genes was low (0.06-0.53%). This system was contrasted with the medically important American house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae, a globally distributed species with very large population size. This species has two distinct, sympatric cox1 lineages with 4.2% divergence. We tested several species delimitation algorithms PTP, GMYC, ABGD, BPP, STACEY and PHRAPL, which inferred different species boundaries for these entities. Notably, STACEY recovered the Caparinia lineages as two species and D. farinae as a single species. BPP agreed with these results when the prior on ancestral effective population sizes was set to expected values, although delimitation of Caparinia was still equivocal. No other cox1 species delimitation algorithms inferred D. farinae as a single species, despite the fact that the nuclear CPW2 gene shows some evidence for introgression between the cox1 groups. This indicates that the cox1-barcoding approach may result in excessive species splitting. CONCLUSIONS Our research highlights the importance of using nuclear genes and demographic characteristics to infer species boundaries rather than relying on a single-gene barcoding approach, particularly for putative species having large effective population sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel B. Klimov
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 USA
- Tyumen State University, 10 Semakova Str, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Maciej Skoracki
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 60-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andre V. Bochkov
- Tyumen State University, 10 Semakova Str, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, 199034 St Petersburg, Russia
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Izdebska JN, Cierocka K, Rolbiecki L, Kozina P, Kołodziej-Sobocińska M. Demodex melesinus (Acariformes: Demodecidae) - the forgotten European badger parasite, rediscovered after 100 years. Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:665-668. [PMID: 30367752 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Among 15 demodecid mite species (Acariformes: Demodecidae) recorded from carnivorans Carnivora, 3 species were described from mustelids Mustelidae. They are known only from single records, for which Demodex erminae has been described from the stoat Mustela erminea from Great Britain and New Zealand, D. melesinus from the European badger Meles meles known solely from Great Britain and D. lutrae discovered in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra from Poland. The current record confirms the existence of D. melesinus, in badger from Poland, after close to one hundred years from its original description, as well as the first detection of the male for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna N Izdebska
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karolina Cierocka
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Leszek Rolbiecki
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paulina Kozina
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Zmudzinski M, Skoracki M, Hromada M, Unsoeld M. Niglarobia vanelli, a new species of syringophilid quill mite associated with lapwings (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae). Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:704-708. [PMID: 30367766 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new species of quill mite of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata), Niglarobia vanelli sp. nov. collected from eight species of the lapwing genus Vanellus (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae), is described: V. vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758) (type host) from Germany, V. gregarius (Pallas, 1771) from Russia, V. senegallus (Linnaeus, 1766), V. albiceps Gould, 1834, V. spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758), V. crassirostris (Hartlaub, 1855), V. lugubris (Lesson, 1826), and V. coronatus (Boddaert, 1783) all from Tanzania. This new species resembles N. cursoriae Skoracki et al., 2006 and differs by having the following features: in females of N. vanelli sp. nov., each medial branch of the peritremes has 3-4 chambers (vs 2 chambers in N. cursoriae); the hysteronotal shield is not fused to the pygidial shield (vs fused); lengths of setae d2 and e2 are 55-65 and 95-120, respectively (vs 115- 140 and 130-160); and setae p' and p" of legs III and IV have 4-6 tines (vs 7 tines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Zmudzinski
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Skoracki
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17 novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17 novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Markus Unsoeld
- Ornithological Section, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Muenchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 Munich, Germany
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Glowska E, Laniecka I, Romanowska K, Dabert M. A new quill mite Torotrogla emberizae sp. nov. (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) from the Chestnut-eared Bunting (Passeriformes: Emberizidae) in Japan (morphology and DNA barcode data). Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:791-794. [PMID: 30367754 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new quill mite Torotrogla emberizae sp. nov. (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) parasitizing the Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata Pallas, 1776 (Passeriformes: Emberizidae) in Japan is described based on the external morphology and DNA barcode data (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences, COI). Females of T. emberizae sp. nov. differ from T. volgini Skoracki and Mironov, 2013 by having the short, wide and blunt-ended hypostomal protuberances (vs long, thin and sharp-ended), setae h1 ca. twice shorter than f1 (vs h1 longer than f1), the fan-like setae p' and p" of legs III-IV provided with ca. 10 tines (vs 7-8 tines) and lengths of setae vi 70-105 (vs 55-65), ve 105-135 (vs 85-90) and h1 55-60 (vs 95-120).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Glowska
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Morphology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabella Laniecka
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Morphology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Romanowska
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Morphology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Biology, Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Skoracki M, Hromada M, Kaszewska K, Unsoeld M. Peristerophila falcophila sp. nov., a new species and first record of quill mites (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) parasitizing birds of the order Falconiformes. Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:744-749. [PMID: 30367759 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new species, Peristerophila falcophila Skoracki and Hromada sp. nov. is described from three avian hosts of the genus Falco: F. peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 from Kenya, Germany and Nepal, F. cherrug Gray, 1834 from Romania, and F. sparverius Linnaeus, 1758 from Colombia. This new species differs from closely related Peristerophila accipitridicus Skoracki et al. 2010 as follow: the propodonotal shield is reduced in the posterior part, but not divided into three separate shield (vs. divided into three punctate and saber-like sclerites in P. accipitridicus); the length ratio of setae ve:si is 1:1.6-1.8 (vs. 1:2-2.8); fan-like setae p' and p" of legs III and IV are with 10 tines (vs. 19-20); and the length of setae e2 is 145-155 (vs. 185-215). Additionally, the key to all species of the genus Peristerophila is constructed and the host-parasite relationships are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skoracki
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kaszewska
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Markus Unsoeld
- Ornithological Section, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich, Germany
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Skoracki M, Hromada M, Zmudzinski M, Unsoeld M, Sikora B. Parasitic Quill Mites of the Family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) Associated With Sub-Saharan Sunbirds (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae): Species Composition and Host-Parasite Relationships. J Med Entomol 2018; 55:1464-1477. [PMID: 30020479 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the quill mite fauna of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with Sunbirds (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae) in the Sub-Saharan region. Six hundred eleven host individuals belonging to 52 species were examined. Syringophilid parasitization prevalence (44 hosts of 15 species) ranged from 1.4 to 75% in particular host species. In the collected material, we have found seven quill mite species and among them four are new for science: 1) Aulobia afroanthreptes Skoracki & Zmudzinski sp. nov. from Anthreptes neglectus Neumann, 1922 and Anthreptes longuemarei (Lesson, 1831), both from Tanzania; 2) Syringophiloidus nectariniae Skoracki & Zmudzinski sp. nov. from Hedydipna collaris (Vieillot, 1819) from Tanzania; 3) Aulonastus nectariniphilus Skoracki & Zmudzinski sp. nov. from Anthreptes reichenowi Gunning, 1909 from Tanzania and Nectarinia tacazze (Stanley, 1814) from Ethiopia; and 4) Picobia hedydipna Skoracki & Zmudzinski sp. nov. from Hedydipna collaris from Kenya. Representatives of the genera Aulonastus Kethley, 1970 and Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 are recorded on Sunbirds for the first time. The following new host species are given: Cinnyris mariquensis Smith, 1836, C. shelleyi Alexander, 1899 and C. regius Reichenov, 1893, all from Tanzania for Aulobia nectariniae Skoracki & Glowska, 2008; A. neglectus and A. longuemarei, both from Tanzania for Neoaulonastus cinnyris Klimovicova et al., 2014; Cyanomitra verreauxii (Smith, 1832) from Tanzania and Cinnyris chalybeus (Linnaeus, 1766) from South Africa for Picobia oritis Skoracki et al., 2009. Additionally, host-parasite relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skoracki
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska, Poland
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Slovakia
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Prof. Z. Szafrana, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mateusz Zmudzinski
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska, Poland
| | - Markus Unsoeld
- Ornithological Section, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Muenchhausenstrasse, Munich, Germany
| | - Bozena Sikora
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska, Poland
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Izdebska JN, Rolbiecki L. The status of Demodex cornei: description of the species and developmental stages, and data on demodecid mites in the domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris. Med Vet Entomol 2018; 32:346-357. [PMID: 29603309 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Demodecosis canina is one of the most important dog parasitoses, but its aetiology is still not well known. There are currently two known species of demodecid mite specific to the domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 (Carnivora: Canidae). These are Demodex canis Leydig, 1859 (Acariformes: Demodecidae) and Demodex injai Desch & Hillier, 2003. There have also been many reports of the so-called 'short form', considered to be a separate species functioning under the name Demodex cornei nomen nudum, for which, however, no formal valid description has been documented. Taxonomic analysis of short forms of dog demodecid mites, associated with the stratum corneum, was performed, in line with the taxonomic criteria of Demodecidae systematics. This form was found to be a distinct species with features that differ from those of the other known species of this family. The species, including the adult and immature stages, is described. It is likely that different Demodex species parasitizing the domestic dog may be responsible for differentiated symptoms and different courses of demodecosis. However, the basis for clarifying this issue should be the correct, unambiguous identification of the species causing parasitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Izdebska
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - L Rolbiecki
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Ernieenor FCL, Ernna G, Jafson AS, Mariana A. PCR identification and phylogenetic analysis of the medically important dust mite Suidasia medanensis (Acari: Suidasiidae) in Malaysia. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 76:99-107. [PMID: 30151715 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of Suidasia medanensis (= S. pontifica) mites in Malaysian house dust was first reported in 1984. The taxonomy of this storage mite is, however, quite confusing. Therefore, we need an accurate identification to resolve morphological problems due to its minute size and some overlapping characters between species. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences for the identification of S. medanensis by PCR. Identity of the mite was first determined by observing morphological characters under a light microscope. Genomic DNA of S. medanensis mites was successfully extracted prior to PCR and DNA sequencing using COI universal primers. The length of the COI sequences obtained was 378 bp. BLAST analysis of amplicon sequences showed that local S. medanensis COI region had 99% maximum identity with S. medanensis nucleotide sequence (AY525568) available in the GenBank. As the phylogenetic tree generated indicated, COI sequences from this study were clustered with S. medanensis from Korea and the UK in one major clade, supported with high bootstrap value (> 85%). Results of the phylogenetic analysis of this COI gene were congruent with the morphological identification and provided strong support for a single clade of local S. medanensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C L Ernieenor
- Acarology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - G Ernna
- Acarology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A S Jafson
- Acarology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Mariana
- Acarology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pozojević I, Brigić A, Gottstein S. Water mite (Acari: Hydrachnidia) diversity and distribution in undisturbed Dinaric karst springs. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 76:123-138. [PMID: 30238308 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Large undisturbed karst springs in the Dinaric region are particularly interesting and extremely valuable and rare ecosystems, housing diverse and yet undiscovered water mite species. The complex life history traits of water mites include several life stages that are interconnected with other freshwater arthropod groups, making them important components of freshwater fauna. This study examined whether the differences in water mite assemblages between Mediterranean and alpine karst springs were driven by seasonal and/or regional changes in environmental conditions. The first ecological data on water mite dynamics and distribution in the Dinaric region of Croatia are presented. Water mites were represented by 11 taxa, decreasing in taxon richness from alpine to Mediterranean springs. Spatial patterns of water mite assemblages at the regional scale were best explained by water temperature, dissolved oxygen and water velocity. Pseudotorrenticola rhynchota and Oxus setosus were exclusively found in springs with higher water temperature and velocity, whereas the genera Aturus sp. and Woolastookia rotundifrons were exclusively recorded in the alpine springs, where oxygen concentrations were significantly higher. Atractides sp., Lebertia sp. and Sperchon sp. were recorded in most springs. Water mite abundances had a summer peak in the Mediterranean region, whereas two smaller peaks were observed in the spring and fall in the alpine region. Regional differences in the seasonality of water mite abundance were most likely patterned by the emergence of insect crenofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pozojević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Brigić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Gottstein
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Laska A, Majer A, Szydło W, Karpicka-Ignatowska K, Hornyák M, Labrzycka A, Skoracka A. Cryptic diversity within grass-associated Abacarus species complex (Acariformes: Eriophyidae), with the description of a new species, Abacarus plumiger n. sp. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 76:1-28. [PMID: 30171478 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Accurate estimation of species richness is often complex as genetic divergence is not always accompanied by appreciable morphological differentiation. In consequence, cryptic lineages or species evolve. Cryptic speciation is common especially in taxa characterized by small and simplified bodies, what makes their proper identification challenging. The cereal rust mite, Abacarus hystrix, was regarded for a long time as a species associated with a wide range of grass hosts, whereas wide host ranges are rather rare in eriophyoid mites. Therefore, the generalist status of A. hystrix was questioned. In this paper we demonstrate that the diversity within Abacarus species associated with grasses is more complex than it was previously thought. The 78 Abacarus mtDNA COI sequences used in this study formed 10 highly supported clades (bootstrap value 99%) and four more distinct genetic lineages were represented by unique sequences. The genetic distances between them ranged from 6.6 to 26.5%. Moreover, morphological study and genetic approach based on the combination of the Poisson Tree Processes model for species delimitation (PTP) and a Bayesian implementation of PTP (bPTP), and Neighbour Joining analyses led to delimitation of a new species within the Abacarus complex: Abacarus plumiger, specialized on smooth brome (Bromus inermis). Furthermore, our analyses demonstrated a pattern of host-associated differentiation within the complex. Overall, our study indicates that cryptic speciation occurs in the grass-associated Abacarus genus, and suggests the need for more extensive sampling using integrative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Laska
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Majer
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Szydło
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0816, USA
| | - Kamila Karpicka-Ignatowska
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Hornyák
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Podłużna 3, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Labrzycka
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Skoracka A, Lopes LF, Alves MJ, Miller A, Lewandowski M, Szydło W, Majer A, Różańska E, Kuczyński L. Genetics of lineage diversification and the evolution of host usage in the economically important wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, 1969. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 30086701 PMCID: PMC6081818 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the diversification of herbivores through interactions with their hosts is important for their diversity assessment and identification of expansion events, particularly in a human-altered world where evolutionary processes can be exacerbated. We studied patterns of host usage and genetic structure in the wheat curl mite complex (WCM), Aceria tosichella, a major pest of the world's grain industry, to identify the factors behind its extensive diversification. RESULTS We expanded on previous phylogenetic research, demonstrating deep lineage diversification within the taxon, a complex of distinctive host specialist and generalist lineages more diverse than previously assumed. Time-calibrated phylogenetic reconstruction inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data suggests that lineage diversification pre-dates the influence of agricultural practices, and lineages started to radiate in the mid Miocene when major radiations of C4 grasses is known to have occurred. Furthermore, we demonstrated that host specificity is not phylogenetically constrained, while host generalization appears to be a more derived trait coinciding with the expansion of the world's grasslands. Demographic history of specialist lineages have been more stable when compared to generalists, and their expansion pre-dated all generalist lineages. The lack of host-associated genetic structure of generalists indicates gene flow between mite populations from different hosts. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses demonstrated that WCM is an unexpectedly diverse complex of genetic lineages and its differentiation is likely associated with the time of diversification and expansion of its hosts. Signatures of demographic histories and expansion of generalists are consistent with the observed proliferation of the globally most common lineages. The apparent lack of constrains on host use, coupled with a high colonization potential, hinders mite management, which may be further compromised by host range expansion. This study provides a significant contribution to the growing literature on host-association and diversification in herbivorous invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Luís Filipe Lopes
- Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência & Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Rua da Escola Politécnica 58, 1250-102 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Judite Alves
- Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência & Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Rua da Escola Politécnica 58, 1250-102 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adam Miller
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Warrnambool, Vic 3280 Australia
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Szydło
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
| | - Agnieszka Majer
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lechosław Kuczyński
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
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Jorge MFS, Miguel LMZ, Braghiroli CS, Schmitt JV. Demodicosis as treatment complication of amicrobial pustulosis of the folds. An Bras Dermatol 2018; 93:566-569. [PMID: 30066766 PMCID: PMC6063109 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Amicrobial pustulosis of the folds is a chronic relapsing neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by sterile pustules compromising skin folds, scalp, face and periorificial regions. It predominantly affects women. Demodicosis is an inflammatory disease associated with cutaneous overpopulation of the mite Demodex spp., the pathogenesis of which is not completely established, but is frequently related to local immunodeficiency. A case of a young woman with amicrobial pustulosis of the folds, and isolated worsening of facial lesions, is reported; investigation revealed overlapping demodicosis. There was complete regression of lesions with acaricide and cyclin treatment. This case warns of a poorly diagnosed but disfiguring and stigmatizing disease, often associated with underlying dermatoses or inadvertent treatments on the face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Formentini Scotton Jorge
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Faculdade de Medicina
de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu (SP), Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Zanardi Miguel
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Faculdade de Medicina
de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu (SP), Brazil
| | - Cíntia Santos Braghiroli
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Faculdade de Medicina
de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu (SP), Brazil
| | - Juliano Vilaverde Schmitt
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Faculdade de Medicina
de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu (SP), Brazil
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de Rojas M, Doña J, Jovani R, Dimov I, Zurita A, Callejón R, Rodríguez-Plá M. Evidence of cryptic species in the genus Tinaminyssus (Acari: Rhinonyssidae) based on morphometrical and molecular data. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 75:355-368. [PMID: 29876760 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of cryptic species allows to describe and to understand biodiversity, and the evolutionary processes shaping it. Mites of the family Rhinonyssidae are permanent parasites of the nasal cavities of birds, currently including about 500 described species and 12 genera. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mites from five populations of the genus Tinaminyssus-three isolated from European turtle doves (Streptopelia turtur), and two from Eurasian collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto; Aves: Columbiformes)-are, in fact, two cryptic species inhabiting different hosts. First, we performed a morphometrical study on 16 traits. Then, we used the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 nuclear region (ITS region), and a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase 1 (COI) to carry out phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses on Tinaminyssus species. Morphological analyses revealed a lack of biometric differentiation among Tinaminyssus populations from the two host species. However, molecular analyses indicated a high degree of genetic differentiation between populations of Tinaminyssus sp. from S. turtur and S. decaocto. Overall, results show that they can be considered as different cryptic species, suggesting a case of evolutionary stasis, likely because of the anatomical similarity between closely-related bird host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel de Rojas
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Jorge Doña
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Americo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816S. Oak St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Roger Jovani
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Americo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Dimov
- Department of Human Anatomy, State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya St. 2, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194100
| | - Antonio Zurita
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Callejón
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Plá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
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Hiruta SF, Shimano S, Shiba M. A preliminary molecular phylogeny shows Japanese and Austrian populations of the red mite Balaustium murorum (Acari: Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae) to be closely related. Exp Appl Acarol 2018; 74:225-238. [PMID: 29492722 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The red mite Balaustium murorum (Hermann) inhabits the Western Palaearctic realm and is well adapted to man-made structures. In Japan, B. murorum had been reported more frequently after the 1980s. A molecular phylogeny based on the nuclear 18S rRNA and mitochondrial COI genes, and including B. murorum individuals from Japan and Austria and representatives of related species from Japan showed four Balaustium species-level lineages in Japan (B. murorum, Balaustium sp. 1, Balaustium sp. 2, Balaustium sp. 3). The B. murorum lineage shared identical 18S sequence and COI haplotype with the Austrian population. Balaustium sp. 1 was detected from the Tokyo and Misaki area (Honshu Island) and was the sister group to B. murorum; the other two lineages inhabited coastal environments of Erimo, Hokkaido Island (Balaustium sp. 2) and Ainan, Shikoku Island (Balaustium sp. 3). The high genetic distances among these four lineages indicate that each lineage is a distinct species, with three of the lineages representing undescribed species. Our results are compatible with the conclusion that B. murorum was introduced to Japan from Europe, although our study did not resolve the polarity or timing of migration events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei F Hiruta
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | | | - Minoru Shiba
- Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Kuwabara, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8531, Japan
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Nashat MA, Ricart Arbona RJ, Riedel ER, Francino O, Ferrer L, Luchins KR, Lipman NS. Comparison of Diagnostic Methods and Sampling Sites for the Detection of Demodex musculi. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2018; 57:173-185. [PMID: 29555007 PMCID: PMC5868384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Demodex mites are microscopic, cigar-shaped, follicular mites often regarded as commensal microfauna in mammals. Although Demodex spp. can cause dermatologic disease in any immunocompromised mammal, they are rarely reported in laboratory mice. Recent identification of Demodex musculi in a colony of immunodeficient mice with dermatitis afforded us the opportunity to investigate the comparative sensitivity of 4 antemortem diagnostic techniques to detect D. musculi-superficial skin scrape (SSS), tape impression (TI), fur pluck (FP), and deep skin scrape (DSS)-which we performed on 4 anatomic sites (face, interscapular region [IS], caudal ventrum [CV], and caudal dorsum [CD]) in 46 mice. DSS had an overall detection rate of 91.1% (n = 112 tests), with the highest detection rates in IS (93.5%), CV (89.1%), and CD (90.0%). The detection rates for SSS (62.5%; n = 112 tests), TI (57.5%; n = 138 tests), and FP (62.7%; n = 158 tests) were all lower than for DSS. IS was the most reliable site. Results from combined FP and DSS samples collected from IS and CV yielded 100% detection, whereas the face was not a desirable sampling site due to inadequate sample quality and low detection rate. Demodex eggs and larvae were observed from FP more often than DSS (19.0% of 158 tests compared with 14.3% of 112 tests). In a subset of samples, an 18S rRNA PCR assay was equivalent to DSS for detection of mites (both 100%, n = 8). We recommend collecting samples from both IS and CV by both FP and DSS to assess for the presence of D. musculi and performing further studies to assess whether PCR analysis can be used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of Demodex mites in laboratory mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Nashat
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Elyn R Riedel
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Olga Francino
- Molecular Genetics Veterinary Service, Department of Animal and Food Science, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Ferrer
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kerith R Luchins
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, Animal Resources Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Neil S Lipman
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York;,
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45
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Gill NK, Dhaliwal AK. Seasonal Variation of Allergenic Acarofauna From the Homes of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthmatic Patients. J Med Entomol 2018; 55:262-268. [PMID: 29244180 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) play positive role in causing various kinds of allergenic manifestations such as allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, dermatitis, and urticaria. HDMs are prevalent in temperate regions but various studies have shown the prevalence of HDMs in tropical and subtropical countries. The present study was conducted from March 2015 to February 2016. During the study period, a total of 500 dust samples were collected from 125 homes of 125 patients suffering from AR and asthma. From these 500 dust samples, 466 samples were found to be positive for mites. The year was divided into three climatic classes, i.e., CCL I (March, April, May, June), CCL II (July, August, September, October), and CCL III (November, December, January, February) A total of 7,710 mites were collected, from which 2,902 (37.63%) mites were found in samples collected during summer season, i.e., CCL-I, 3,728 (48.35%) mites were found in samples collected during rainy season, i.e., CCL-II and only 1,080 (14.01%) mites were found in samples collected during winter season, i.e., CCL-III. Total 7,710 mite specimens were isolated with 7,404, i.e., 96.03% were only from the hypoorder Astigmata, 240, i.e., 3.11% from suborder Prostigmata, 46, i.e., 0.60% from order Mesostigmata, and 20, i.e., 0.26% from suborder Oribatida. The present study indicates that Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart 1897) (Astigmata) was most abundant and frequently found allergenic mite species followed by D. farinae (Hughes 1961), D. microceras (Griffiths and Cunnington 1971), Acarus siro (Linnaeus 1758), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank 1781), Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank 1781), Euroglyphus maynei (Cooreman 1950), Cheyletus, Mesostigmatic, and Oribatida mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navpreet Kaur Gill
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, India
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Morita T, Ohmi A, Kiwaki A, Ike K, Nagata K. A New Stubby Species of Demodectic Mite (Acari: Demodicidae) From the Domestic Dog (Canidae). J Med Entomol 2018; 55:323-328. [PMID: 29309708 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new species of Demodex was detected in the earwax of a dog with otitis externa in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, in July 2010. The opisthosoma length of the mite was slightly shorter than 1/2 of its body length, which was different from the other species in domestic dogs, D. canis and D. injai, but was similar to the form of mites termed "short-bodied species", including D. cornei. However, the stubby external form was morphologically different from those of "short-bodied species", excluding a case without a species description reported from Greece. Among known species, the mite was similar to D. equi and D. acutipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Morita
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Ohmi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Pigeon Animal Care Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Kazunori Ike
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamasaki YK, Graves EE, Houston RS, OConnor BM, Kysar PE, Straub MH, Foley JE, Tell LA. Evaluation of Proctophyllodes huitzilopochtlii on feathers from Anna's (Calypte anna) and Black-chinned (Archilochus alexandri) Hummingbirds: Prevalence assessment and imaging analysis using light and tabletop scanning electron microscopy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191323. [PMID: 29444089 PMCID: PMC5812578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Proctophyllodes huitzilopochtlii Atyeo & Braasch 1966 (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae), a feather mite, was found on feathers collected from five hummingbird species in California. This mite has not been previously documented on feathers from Anna’s (Calypte anna [Lesson 1829]) or Black-chinned (Archilochus alexandri [Bourcier & Mulsant 1846]) Hummingbirds. A total of 753 hummingbirds were evaluated for the presence of mites by species (Allen’s n = 112; Anna’s n = 500; Black-chinned n = 122; Rufous n = 18; Calliope n = 1), sex (males n = 421; females n = 329; 3 unidentified), and age (juvenile n = 199; after-hatch-year n = 549; 5 unidentified). Of these 753 hummingbirds evaluated, mites were present on the rectrices of 40.9% of the birds. Significantly more Anna’s Hummingbirds were positive for rectricial mites (59.2%) compared with 8.2% of Black-chinned, 0.9% of Allen’s, 5.6% of Rufous Hummingbirds, and 0% for Calliope (p-value < 0.0001). Across all hummingbird species, male hummingbirds (44.9%) had a higher prevalence of rectricial mites compared to female hummingbirds (36.2%; p-value = 0.004), while juvenile hummingbirds (46.2%) had a non-significantly higher prevalence compared to after-hatch-year hummingbirds (39.0%; p-value = 0.089). On average, the percentage of the long axis of the rachis occupied by mites for the outer rectrices (R4 and R5) was 19%, compared to 11% for inner rectrices (R1 and R2), a significant difference (p-value = <0.0001). There was a marginal lack of significance for symmetrical distribution of tail mites with the mean left side percentage of long axis of the rachis occupied by mites being 16% and very close to the mean right side score of 18% (p-value = 0.003). The identification of the feather mite species was based on light microscopic morphometry, and mite distribution on feathers was further evaluated using tabletop scanning electron microscopy (TSEM). The hummingbird–feather mite relationship is not well understood, but the specialized TSEM technique may be especially useful in examining natural positioning and developmental aspects of the mites since it allows in situ feather examination of live mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youki K. Yamasaki
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Emily E. Graves
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Robin S. Houston
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Barry M. OConnor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Patricia E. Kysar
- Electron Microscopy Core Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis Health System, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Mary H. Straub
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Janet E. Foley
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Tell
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ya-Nan Z, De-Yu L, Chao-Pin L. [Acaroid mite breeding in ground rice in Wenchang area]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2018; 30:336-338. [PMID: 30019566 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2017144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the breeding of acaroid mites in the stored grains in Wenchang area, Hainan Province, China. METHODS The breeding mites from the samples were separated by a shake-sieve and microscope directly. The isolations were used for slide preparation based on previous literature, and then under a light microscope, the identification and counting of the acaroid mites were performed. RESULTS Twelve species of mites were identified from 20 categories of grains. They belonged to 10 genera of 4 families. Among the 12 grain samples, the breeding rates were higher of Blomia tropicalis and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Among the 20 samples collected, a total of 5 885 mites were found, with an average breeding density of 29.43/g. CONCLUSIONS The infestation of acaroid mites appears serious in the stored grains in Wenchang area, which should be taken measures to prevent and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ya-Nan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | | | - Li Chao-Pin
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
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Minor MA, Ermilov SG, Tiunov AV. Taxonomic resolution and functional traits in the analysis of tropical oribatid mite assemblages. Exp Appl Acarol 2017; 73:365-381. [PMID: 29128984 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We analysed species-level datasets representing Oribatida assemblages along a gradient of old-growth primary tropical forests, secondary forests, and plantation forests in Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam. We identified patterns in abundance, species richness and species assemblages of Oribatida, then applied taxonomic sufficiency approach to the datasets. Using three levels of higher-taxon aggregation, we evaluated whether aggregated datasets are useful in identifying ecological patterns, in comparison to species-level data. Species-level data on Oribatida assemblages clearly separated plantation forests from other forest environments; there was no significant separation between primary and secondary forests. Geographical structuring of species-level assemblages was significant, separating sites from two regions of the reserve. There was a significant concordance between multivariate ordination plots produced for species-level and aggregated (families, suborders/superfamilies) datasets, with Oribatida assemblages of plantation forests consistently separated from two other forest types. Mycobatidae (at family level) and Ceratozetoidea (at suborder/superfamily level) were indicators of plantation forests. The coarsest taxonomic resolution dataset with only four aggregated groups produced no separation of Oribatida assemblages by forest type or region. Moderate level of taxonomic aggregation applied to Oribatida community data did not cause great differences in patterns revealed by multivariate analysis, and therefore could be a valid approach to analysing the structure of tropical Oribatida assemblages. The taxonomic level of suborders and Brachypylina superfamilies appears to be the best compromise for ecological information and ease of identification. Two traits-body size and reproductive mode-were recorded for collected Oribatida species. Community-weighted mean trait value, modified Mason's index of functional divergence, and Rao's index of functional diversity were calculated for each trait in each of the sampled Oribatida assemblages. Sexual reproduction was a dominant reproductive mode in soil Oribatida and did not vary across forest types, indicating similar levels of resource limitation for this trait. For body size, lower functional divergence in plantation forests suggests less scope for niche differentiation and higher competition among different body sizes in this forest type. Use of functional traits can enhance and complement the analysis of Oribatida communities, but more data are needed on feeding- and diet-related traits in tropical Oribatida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Minor
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | | | - Alexei V Tiunov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow, Russia, 119071
- The Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Scientific and Technological Centre, Southern Branch, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
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50
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Gerwin PM, Ricart Arbona RJ, Riedel ER, Henderson KS, Lipman NS. PCR Testing of IVC Filter Tops as a Method for Detecting Murine Pinworms and Fur Mites. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2017; 56:752-761. [PMID: 29256370 PMCID: PMC5710154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated PCR testing of filter tops from cages maintained on an IVC system through which exhaust air is filtered at the cage level as a method for detecting parasite-infected and -infested cages. Cages containing 4 naïve Swiss Webster mice received 360 mL of uncontaminated aspen chip or α-cellulose bedding (n = 18 cages each) and 60 mL of the same type of bedding weekly from each of the following 4 groups of cages housing mice infected or infested with Syphacia obvelata (SO), Aspiculuris tetraptera (AT), Myocoptes musculinus (MC), or Myobia musculi (MB) and Radfordia affinis (RA; 240 mL bedding total). Detection rates were compared at 30, 60, and 90 d after initiating bedding exposure, by using PCR analysis of filter tops (media extract and swabs) and testing of mouse samples (fur swab [direct] PCR testing, fecal flotation, anal tape test, direct examination of intestinal contents, and skin scrape). PCR testing of filter media extract detected 100% of all parasites at 30 d (both bedding types) except for AT (α-cellulose bedding, 67% detection rate); identified more cages with fur mites (MB and MC) than direct PCR when cellulose bedding was used; and was better at detecting parasites than all nonmolecular methods evaluated. PCR analysis of filter media extract was superior to swab and direct PCR for all parasites cumulatively for each bedding type. Direct PCR more effectively detected MC and all parasites combined for aspen chip compared with cellulose bedding. PCR analysis of filter media extract for IVC systems in which exhaust air is filtered at the cage level was shown to be a highly effective environmental testing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Gerwin
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut;,
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Elyn R Riedel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth S Henderson
- Research Animal Diagnostic Services, Charles River, Wilmington, Massachusetts
| | - Neil S Lipman
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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