1
|
Yang K, Qiu J, Huang Z, Yu Z, Wang W, Hu H, You Y. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 284:114759. [PMID: 34678416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (called bei-wuweizi in Chinese, S. chinensis) and Schisandra sphenanthera (called nan-wuweizi in Chinese, S. sphenanthera) are two highly similar plants in the Magnoliaceae family. Their dried ripe fruits are commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of coughs, palpitation, spermatorrhea, and insomnia. They also are traditionally used as tonics in Russia, Japan, and Korea. AIM OF THE REVIEW S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera are similar in appearance, traditional applications, ingredient compositions, and therapeutic effects. This review, therefore, aims to provide a systematic insight into the botanical background, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, quality control, and toxicology of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera, and to explore and present the similarities and differences between S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search regarding S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera was collected by using electronic databases including PubMed, SciFinder, Science Direct, Web of Science, CNKI, and the online ethnobotanical database. RESULTS In the 2020 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP), there were 100 prescriptions containing S. chinensis, while only 11 contained S. sphenanthera. Totally, 306 and 238 compounds have been isolated and identified from S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera, respectively. Among these compounds, lignans, triterpenoids, essential oils, phenolic acid, flavonoids, phytosterols are the major composition. Through investigation of pharmacological activities, S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have similar therapeutic effects including hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, anticancer, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and hypoglycemic effect. Besides, S. chinensis turns out to have more effects including reproductive regulation and immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antitussive and antiasthmatic, anti-fatigue, antiarthritic, and bone remodeling effects. Both S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have inhibitory effects on CYP3A and P-gp, which can mediate metabolism or efflux of substrates, and therefore interact with many drugs. CONCLUSIONS S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera have great similarities. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are regarded to contribute to most of the bioactivities. Schisandrin A-C, schisandrol A-B, and schisantherin A, existing in both S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera but differing in the amount, are the main active components, which may contribute to the similarities and differences. Study corresponding to the traditional use is needed to reveal the deep connotation of the use of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera as traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, a joint study of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera can better show the difference between them, which can provide a reference for clinical application. It is worth mentioning that the inhibition of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera on CYP3A and P-gp may lead to undesirable drug-drug interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zecheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ziwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Huiling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yu You
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China,College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zilani MNH, Islam MA, Biswas P, Anisuzzman M, Hossain H, Shilpi JA, Hasan MN, Hossain MG. Metabolite profiling, anti-inflammatory, analgesic potentials of edible herb Colocasia gigantea and molecular docking study against COX-II enzyme. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 281:114577. [PMID: 34464698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Consumable herbs play a basic part in sustenance and human health. Traditionally, Colocasia gigantea Hook (Araceae) is used to treat fever, infection, wounds healing, drowsiness, tuberculosis, stomach problems etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aspired to identify bioactive compounds, to evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic potentials of edible herb C. gigantea, and to molecular docking study against anti-inflammatory enzyme Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical components of C. gigantea were discerned by HPLC and GCMS assays. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was appraised by heat-induced, hypotonicity, and hydrogen peroxide-induced hemolysis assays and in vivo by formalin-induced paw edema assay. In vivo analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid-induced pain modulation assay. Also, molecular docking of the identified compounds was explored against the anti-inflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2. RESULTS HPLC-DAD analysis divulged the presence of trans-cinnamic acid along with (-)-epicatechin as a prime component. Also, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (37.86%) and n-Hexadecanoic acid (25.89%) as the major as well as 24 other compounds were confirmed through GCMS in the extract. In in vitro anti-inflammatory study, C. gigantea extract indicated prominent erythrocyte membrane stabilization activity with good percentage aegis in all experimental assays. In addition to, formalin-induced in vivo anti-inflammatory assay revealed the maximum (42.37% and 48.72%) suppression of edema at the fourth hour at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Moreover, an in-vivo pain modulation assay exposed significant (p < 0.05) activity at experimental doses. Furthermore, in the docking study, (-)-epicatechin was more active rather than other identified compounds with strong binding affinity to COX-2 protein. CONCLUSIONS The extract evinced remarkable anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Identified bioactive components along with other components of the extract might play a pivotal role in the observed bioactivity and the results vindicate the use of edible herb C. gigantea in ancestral medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Nazmul Hasan Zilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Aminul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Anisuzzman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh; Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Hemayet Hossain
- BCSIR Laboratories & IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Jamil A Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Golam Hossain
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lan XF, Olaleye OE, Lu JL, Yang W, Du FF, Yang JL, Cheng C, Shi YH, Wang FQ, Zeng XS, Tian NN, Liao PW, Yu X, Xu F, Li YF, Wang HT, Zhang NX, Jia WW, Li C. Pharmacokinetics-based identification of pseudoaldosterogenic compounds originating from Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots (Gancao) after dosing LianhuaQingwen capsule. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:2155-2172. [PMID: 33931765 PMCID: PMC8086230 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
LianhuaQingwen capsule, prepared from an herbal combination, is officially recommended as treatment for COVID-19 in China. Of the serial pharmacokinetic investigations we designed to facilitate identifying LianhuaQingwen compounds that are likely to be therapeutically important, the current investigation focused on the component Glycyrrhiza uralensis roots (Gancao). Besides its function in COVID-19 treatment, Gancao is able to induce pseudoaldosteronism by inhibiting renal 11β-HSD2. Systemic and colon-luminal exposure to Gancao compounds were characterized in volunteers receiving LianhuaQingwen and by in vitro metabolism studies. Access of Gancao compounds to 11β-HSD2 was characterized using human/rat, in vitro transport, and plasma protein binding studies, while 11β-HSD2 inhibition was assessed using human kidney microsomes. LianhuaQingwen contained a total of 41 Gancao constituents (0.01-8.56 μmol/day). Although glycyrrhizin (1), licorice saponin G2 (2), and liquiritin/liquiritin apioside (21/22) were the major Gancao constituents in LianhuaQingwen, their poor intestinal absorption and access to colonic microbiota resulted in significant levels of their respective deglycosylated metabolites glycyrrhetic acid (8), 24-hydroxyglycyrrhetic acid (M2D; a new Gancao metabolite), and liquiritigenin (27) in human plasma and feces after dosing. These circulating metabolites were glucuronized/sulfated in the liver and then excreted into bile. Hepatic oxidation of 8 also yielded M2D. Circulating 8 and M2D, having good membrane permeability, could access (via passive tubular reabsorption) and inhibit renal 11β-HSD2. Collectively, 1 and 2 were metabolically activated to the pseudoaldosterogenic compounds 8 and M2D. This investigation, together with such investigations of other components, has implications for precisely defining therapeutic benefit of LianhuaQingwen and conditions for its safe use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Lan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Olajide E Olaleye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun-Lan Lu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fei-Fei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan-Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xue-Shan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nan-Nan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Pei-Wei Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying-Fei Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wang
- Hebei Yiling Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Nai-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei-Wei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chuan Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee A, Yang H, Kim T, Ha H, Hwang YH. Identification and pharmacokinetics of bioavailable anti-resorptive phytochemicals after oral administration of Psoralea corylifolia L. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112300. [PMID: 34653758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and resulting bone fractures are the major health issues associated with morbidity in the aging population; however, there is no effective treatment that does not cause severe side effects. In East Asia, dried seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PC) have traditionally been used as an herbal medicine to manage urinary tract, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as bone health. However, the mechanism of action and active biocomponents of PC are unclear. Here, we adopted a pharmacokinetic (PK) study aiming to identify the bioavailable phytochemicals in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of PC (APC) and (EPC), respectively. In addition, we aimed to determine anti-resorptive constituents of PC, which accounted for its beneficial effects on bone health. To this end, we used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A rapid, sensitive, and reliable UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and determined the 17 PC ingredients. In the PK study, nine components (two chalcones, two coumarins, one coumestan, two flavonoids, and two isoflavonoids) were observed between 36 and 48 h after oral administration of APC or EPC. Among the bioavailable ingredients, four PC constituents (psoralidin, isobavachin, corylifol A, and neobavaisoflavone) inhibited M-CSF-and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow-derived macrophages. In addition, two chalcones and two isoflavonoids markedly inhibited cathepsin K activity, and their binding modes to cathepsin K were determined by molecular docking. In summary, our data suggest that bioavailable multicomponents of PC could contribute to the management of bone health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ami Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Yang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abellán Á, Domínguez-Perles R, García-Viguera C, Moreno DA. In Vitro Evidence on Bioaccessibility of Flavonols and Cinnamoyl Derivatives of Cruciferous Sprouts. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114140. [PMID: 34836394 PMCID: PMC8619005 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous sprouts are rising in popularity as a hallmark of healthy diets, partially because of their phytochemical composition, characterized by the presence of flavonols and cinnamates. However, to shed light on their biological activity, the ability to assimilate (poly)phenols from sprouts (bioaccessible fraction) during gastrointestinal digestion needs to be studied. In this frame, the present work studies the effect of the physicochemical and enzymatic characteristics of gastrointestinal digestion on flavonols and cinnamoyl derivatives, by a simulated static in vitro model, on different cruciferous (red radish, red cabbage, broccoli, and white mustard) sprouts. The results indicate that, although the initial concentrations of phenolic acids in red radish (64.25 mg/g fresh weight (fw)) are lower than in the other sprouts studied, their bioaccessibility after digestion is higher (90.40 mg/g fw), followed by red cabbage (72.52 mg/g fw), white mustard (58.72 mg/g fw), and broccoli (35.59 mg/g fw). These results indicate that the bioaccessibility of (poly)phenols is not exclusively associated with the initial concentration in the raw material, but that the physico-chemical properties of the food matrix, the presence of other additional molecules, and the specific characteristics of digestion are relevant factors in their assimilation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Khan RA, Hossain R, Siyadatpanah A, Al-Khafaji K, Khalipha ABR, Dey D, Asha UH, Biswas P, Saikat ASM, Chenari HA, Wilairatana P, Islam MT. Diterpenes/Diterpenoids and Their Derivatives as Potential Bioactive Leads against Dengue Virus: A Computational and Network Pharmacology Study. Molecules 2021; 26:6821. [PMID: 34833913 PMCID: PMC8623982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a dangerous infectious endemic disease that affects over 100 nations worldwide, from Africa to the Western Pacific, and is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans by an insect bite of Aedes aegypti. Millions of citizens have died as a result of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever across the globe. Envelope (E), serine protease (NS3), RNA-directed RNA polymerase (NS5), and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) are mostly required for cell proliferation and survival. Some of the diterpenoids and their derivatives produced by nature possess anti-dengue viral properties. The goal of the computational study was to scrutinize the effectiveness of diterpenoids and their derivatives against dengue viral proteins through in silico study. Methods: molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding affinity of compounds against four viral proteins: the envelope (E) protein, the NS1 protein, the NS3 protein, and the NS5 protein. Results: among the selected drug candidates, triptolide, stevioside, alepterolic acid, sphaeropsidin A, methyl dodovisate A, andrographolide, caesalacetal, and pyrimethamine have demonstrated moderate to good binding affinities (-8.0 to -9.4 kcal/mol) toward the selected proteins: E protein, NS3, NS5, and NS1 whereas pyrimethamine exerts -7.5, -6.3, -7.8, and -6.6 kcal/mol with viral proteins, respectively. Interestingly, the binding affinities of these lead compounds were better than those of an FDA-approved anti-viral medication (pyrimethamine), which is underused in dengue fever. Conclusion: we can conclude that diterpenoids can be considered as a possible anti-dengue medication option. However, in vivo investigation is recommended to back up the conclusions of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasel Ahmed Khan
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9280, Bangladesh;
| | - Rajib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.K.); (U.H.A.)
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; (A.S.); (H.A.C.)
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad 10001, Iraq;
| | - Abul Bashar Ripon Khalipha
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.K.); (U.H.A.)
| | - Dipta Dey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (D.D.); (A.S.M.S.)
| | - Umma Hafsa Asha
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.K.); (U.H.A.)
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore 7408, Bangladesh;
| | - Abu Saim Mohammad Saikat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (D.D.); (A.S.M.S.)
| | - Hadi Ahmadi Chenari
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; (A.S.); (H.A.C.)
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.K.); (U.H.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmed AMA, Rahman MA, Hossen MA, Reza ASMA, Islam MS, Rashid MM, Rafi MKJ, Siddiqui MTA, Al-Noman A, Uddin MN. Epiphytic Acampe ochracea orchid relieves paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and upregulating antioxidant genes in in vivo and virtual screening. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112215. [PMID: 34649346 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Orchids are basically ornamental, and biological functions are seldom evaluated. This research investigated the effects of Acampe ochracea methanol extract (AOME) in ameliorating the paracetamol (PCM) induced liver injury in Wistar albino rats, evaluating its phytochemical status through UPLC-qTOF-MS analysis. With molecular docking and network pharmacology, virtual screening verified the inevitable interactions between the UPLC-qTOF-MS-characterized compounds and hepatoprotective drug receptors. The AOME has explicit a dose-dependent decrease of liver enzymes acid phosphatase (ACP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin, as well as an increase of serum total protein and antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSH) with a virtual normalization (p < 0.05-p < 0.001) and the values were almost equivalent to the reference drug silymarin. After pretreatment with AOME, PCM-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were considerably decreased (p < 0.001). Histopathological examinations corroborated the functional and biochemical findings. The AOME upregulated the genes involved in antioxidative (CAT, SOD, β-actin, PON1, and PFK1) and hepatoprotective mechanisms in PCM intoxicated rats. An array of 103 compounds has been identified from AOME through UPLC-qTOF-MS analysis. The detected compounds were substantially related to the targets of several liver proteins and antioxidative enzymes, according to an in silico study. Virtual prediction by SwissADME and admetSAR showed that AOME has drug-like, non-toxic, and potential pharmacological activities in hepatic damage. Furthermore, VEGFA, CYP19A1, MAPK14, ESR1, and PPARG genes interact with target compounds impacting the significant biological actions to recover PCM-induced liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Abu Ahmed
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Amjad Hossen
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - A S M Ali Reza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalid Juhani Rafi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tanvir Ahmed Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al-Noman
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Malliou F, Andriopoulou CE, Gonzalez FJ, Kofinas A, Skaltsounis AL, Konstandi M. Oleuropein-Induced Acceleration of Cytochrome P450-Catalyzed Drug Metabolism: Central Role for Nuclear Receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:833-843. [PMID: 34162688 PMCID: PMC11022892 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein (OLE), the main constituent of Olea europaea, displays pleiotropic beneficial effects in health and disease, which are mainly attributed to its anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. Several food supplements and herbal medicines contain OLE and are available without a prescription. This study investigated the effects of OLE on the main cytochrome P450s (P450s) catalyzing the metabolism of many prescribed drugs. Emphasis was given to the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a nuclear transcription factor regulating numerous genes including P450s. 129/Sv wild-type and Ppara-null mice were treated with OLE for 6 weeks. OLE induced Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2, Cyp1b1, Cyp3a14, Cyp3a25, Cyp2c29, Cyp2c44, Cyp2d22, and Cyp2e1 mRNAs in liver of wild-type mice, whereas no similar effects were observed in Ppara-null mice, indicating that the OLE-induced effect on these P450s is mediated by PPARα. Activation of the pathways related to phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT)/forkhead box protein O1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, AKT/p70, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase participates in P450 induction by OLE. These data indicate that consumption of herbal medicines and food supplements containing OLE could accelerate the metabolism of drug substrates of the above-mentioned P450s, thus reducing their efficacy and the outcome of pharmacotherapy. Therefore, OLE-induced activation of PPARα could modify the effects of drugs due to their increased metabolism and clearance, which should be taken into account when consuming OLE-containing products with certain drugs, in particular those of narrow therapeutic window. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study indicated that oleuropein, which belongs to the main constituents of the leaves and olive drupes of Olea europaea, induces the synthesis of the major cytochrome P450s (P450s) metabolizing the majority of prescribed drugs via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. This effect could modify the pharmacokinetic profile of co-administered drug substrates of the P450s, thus altering their therapeutic efficacy and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Malliou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| | - Christina E Andriopoulou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| | - Aristeidis Kofinas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| | - Maria Konstandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (F.M., C.E.A., A.K., M.K.); Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (F.J.G.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.-L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun Q, Wang N, Xu W, Zhou H. Genus Ribes Linn. (Grossulariaceae): A comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 276:114166. [PMID: 33940086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Ribes Linn., which belongs to the Grossulariaceae family, contains 160 species distributed mainly in temperate and cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There are 59 species in southwest, northwest and northeast China. Some species of Ribes have been used as traditional and local medicines for the treatment of glaucoma, cardiovascular disease, stomachache, hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other ailments. However, the data provided in recent years have not been collated and compared. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to summarize the current status of ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics of the genus Ribes to better understand the therapeutic potential of the genus Ribes in the future and hope to provide a relatively novel perspective for further clinical application on the genus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature on Ribes was collected through a series of scientific search engines including Elsevier, ACS, Springer, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Wiley, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and books. RESULTS Ribes species have been used for detoxification, glaucoma, cardiovascular disease, stomachache, hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other ailments. These plants mainly contain phenolic glycosides, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, polysaccharides, etc. Most traditional uses are related to biological activity and have been confirmed by modern research. Pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo revealed that the extracts and pure compounds possessed significant hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral activity, eyesight protection and other effects. CONCLUSIONS The traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applications described in this article explained that the Ribes species has numerous activities, and these findings will promote further action in the area of mechanism research. However, very few preclinical and clinical studies have focused on the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of crude extracts and pure compounds from the genus Ribes. Moreover, several clinical evidence to support the health benefits of Ribes plants. The development of new medicines based on Ribes species as ingredients may be restricted. The pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy and safety of Ribes species need to be verified by systematic and comprehensive preclinical studies and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China.
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China; Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vermillion Maier ML, Siddens LK, Uesugi SL, Choi J, Leonard SW, Pennington JM, Tilton SC, Smith JN, Ho E, Chow HHS, Nguyen BD, Kolluri SK, Williams DE. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Exhibits Significant Metabolism after Oral Dosing in Humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:694-705. [PMID: 34035125 PMCID: PMC8407664 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a major phytochemical derived from ingestion of cruciferous vegetables, is also a dietary supplement. In preclinical models, DIM is an effective cancer chemopreventive agent and has been studied in a number of clinical trials. Previous pharmacokinetic studies in preclinical and clinical models have not reported DIM metabolites in plasma or urine after oral dosing, and the pharmacological actions of DIM on target tissues is assumed to be solely via the parent compound. Seven subjects (6 males and 1 female) ranging from 26-65 years of age, on a cruciferous vegetable-restricted diet prior to and during the study, took 2 BioResponse DIM 150-mg capsules (45.3 mg DIM/capsule) every evening for one week with a final dose the morning of the first blood draw. A complete time course was performed with plasma and urine collected over 48 hours and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. In addition to parent DIM, two monohydroxylated metabolites and 1 dihydroxylated metabolite, along with their sulfate and glucuronide conjugates, were present in both plasma and urine. Results reported here are indicative of significant phase 1 and phase 2 metabolism and differ from previous pharmacokinetic studies in rodents and humans, which reported only parent DIM present after oral administration. 3-((1H-indole-3-yl)methyl)indolin-2-one, identified as one of the monohydroxylated products, exhibited greater potency and efficacy as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist when tested in a xenobiotic response element-luciferase reporter assay using Hepa1 cells. In addition to competitive phytochemical-drug adverse reactions, additional metabolites may exhibit pharmacological activity highlighting the importance of further characterization of DIM metabolism in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), derived from indole-3-carbinol in cruciferous vegetables, is an effective cancer chemopreventive agent in preclinical models and a popular dietary supplement currently in clinical trials. Pharmacokinetic studies to date have found little or no metabolites of DIM in plasma or urine. In marked contrast, we demonstrate rapid appearance of mono- and dihydroxylated metabolites in human plasma and urine as well as their sulfate and glucuronide conjugates. The 3-((1H-indole-3-yl)methyl)indolin-2-one metabolite exhibited significant aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist activity, emphasizing the need for further characterization of the pharmacological properties of DIM metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Vermillion Maier
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Lisbeth K Siddens
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Sandra L Uesugi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Scott W Leonard
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Jamie M Pennington
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Jordan N Smith
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Emily Ho
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - H H Sherry Chow
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Bach D Nguyen
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - Siva K Kolluri
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| | - David E Williams
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology (M.L.V.M., L.K.S., S.C.T., B.D.N., S.K.K., D.E.W.), the Linus Pauling Institute (M.L.V.M., S.L.U., J.C., S.W.L., J.M.P., E.H., D.E.W.), School of Biological and Population Health Sciences (E.H.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (J.N.S.); and Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (H.H.S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang H, Wang X, Guo Y, Liu X, Zhao X, Teka T, Lv C, Han L, Huang Y, Pan G. Thirteen bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids in five Chinese medicinal plants: Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 268:113566. [PMID: 33166629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RELEVANCE Bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBIQ) alkaloids are generally present in plants of Berberidaceae, Monimiaceae and Ranunculaceae families in tropical and subtropical regions. Some species of these families are used in traditional Chinese medicine, with the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, promoting dampness and defecation, and eliminating sores and swelling. This article offers essential data focusing on 13 representative BBIQ compounds, which are mainly extracted from five plants. The respective botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity are summarized comprehensively. In addition, the ADME prediction of the 13 BBIQ alkaloids is compared and analyzed with the data obtained. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have conducted a systematic review of the botanical characteristics, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of BBIQ alkaloids based on literatures collected from PubMed, Web of Science and Elsevier during 1999-2020. ACD/Percepta software was utilized to predict the pharmacokinetic parameters of BBIQ alkaloids and their affinity with enzymes and transporters. RESULTS Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetic and toxicity of 13 alkaloids, namely, tetrandrine, dauricine, curine, trilobine, isotrilobine, cepharanthine, daurisoline, thalicarpine, thalidasine, isotetrandrine, liensinine, neferine and isoliensinine, have been summarized in this paper. It can't be denied that these alkaloids are important material basis of pharmacological effects of family Menispermaceae and others, and for traditional and local uses which has been basically reproduced in the current studies. The 13 BBIQ alkaloids in this paper showed strong affinity and inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), with poor oral absorption and potent binding ability with plasma protein. BBIQ alkaloids represented by tetrandrine play a key role in regulating P-gp or reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) in a variety of tumors. The irrationality of their usage could pose a risk of poisoning in vivo, including renal and liver toxicity, which are related to the formation of quinone methide during metabolism. CONCLUSION Although there is no further clinical evaluation of BBIQ alkaloids as MDR reversal agents, their effects on P-gp should not be ignored. Considering their diverse distribution, pharmacokinetic characteristics and toxicity reported during clinical therapy, the quality standards in different plant species and the drug dosage remain unresolved problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Yaqing Guo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Xizi Zhao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Tekleab Teka
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-300250, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-300250, China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin-300250, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abouelela ME, Assaf HK, Abdelhamid RA, Elkhyat ES, Sayed AM, Oszako T, Belbahri L, El Zowalaty AE, Abdelkader MSA. Identification of Potential SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Spike Protein Inhibitors from the Genus Aloe: An In Silico Study for Drug Development. Molecules 2021; 26:1767. [PMID: 33801151 PMCID: PMC8004122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease is a global rapidly spreading virus showing very high rates of complications and mortality. Till now, there is no effective specific treatment for the disease. Aloe is a rich source of isolated phytoconstituents that have an enormous range of biological activities. Since there are no available experimental techniques to examine these compounds for antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, we employed an in silico approach involving molecular docking, dynamics simulation, and binding free energy calculation using SARS-CoV-2 essential proteins as main protease and spike protein to identify lead compounds from Aloe that may help in novel drug discovery. Results retrieved from docking and molecular dynamics simulation suggested a number of promising inhibitors from Aloe. Root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) calculations indicated that compounds 132, 134, and 159 were the best scoring compounds against main protease, while compounds 115, 120, and 131 were the best scoring ones against spike glycoprotein. Compounds 120 and 131 were able to achieve significant stability and binding free energies during molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, the highest scoring compounds were investigated for their pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness. The Aloe compounds are promising active phytoconstituents for drug development for SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Abouelela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.K.A.); (R.A.A.); (E.S.E.)
| | - Hamdy K. Assaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.K.A.); (R.A.A.); (E.S.E.)
| | - Reda A. Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.K.A.); (R.A.A.); (E.S.E.)
| | - Ehab S. Elkhyat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; (M.E.A.); (H.K.A.); (R.A.A.); (E.S.E.)
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt;
| | - Tomasz Oszako
- Department of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, 05-090 Sekocin Stary, Poland;
| | - Lassaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed E. El Zowalaty
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang M, Zhao R, Wang D, Wang L, Zhang Q, Wei S, Lu F, Peng W, Wu C. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and its bioactive components are potential resources for health beneficial agents. Phytother Res 2021; 35:711-742. [PMID: 32954562 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Zingiberacae), commonly known as ginger, is a perennial and herbaceous plant with long cultivation history. Ginger rhizome is one of the most popular food spices with unique pungent flavor and is prescribed as a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine. To date, over 160 constituents, including volatile oil, gingerol analogues, diarylheptanoids, phenylalkanoids, sulfonates, steroids, and monoterpenoid glycosides compounds, have been isolated and identified from ginger. Increasing evidence has revealed that ginger possesses a broad range of biological activities, especially gastrointestinal-protective, anti-cancer, and obesity-preventive effects. In addition, gingerol analogues such as 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol can be rapidly eliminated in the serum and detected as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Structural variation would be useful to improve the metabolic characteristics and bioactivities of lead compounds derived from ginger. Furthermore, some clinical trials have indicated that ginger can be consumed for attenuating nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy; however, there is not sufficient data available to rule out its potential toxicity, which should be monitored especially over longer periods. This review provides an up-to-date understanding of the scientific evidence on the development of ginger and its active compounds as health beneficial agents in future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Basic Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Naranjo-Durán AM, Quintero-Quiroz J, Rojas-Camargo J, Ciro-Gómez GL. Modified-release of encapsulated bioactive compounds from annatto seeds produced by optimized ionic gelation techniques. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1317. [PMID: 33446706 PMCID: PMC7809057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the encapsulation of annatto extract by external gelation (EG) and internal gelation (IG) and to maximize process yield (% Y), two central composite designs were proposed. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) concentration (0.3-3.5%), alginate to gelling solution ratio (1:2-1:6); acetic acid (CH3COOH) concentration (0.2-5.0%) and alginate to gelling solution ratio (1:2-1:6) were taken as independent variables for EG and IG respectively. Release studies were conducted under different conditions; morphology, particle size, the encapsulation efficiency (EE), and release mechanism were evaluated under optimized conditions. The optimized EG conditions were 0.3% CaCl2 and 1:1.2 alginate to gelling solution ratio, whereas a 0.3% CH3COOH and 1:5 alginate to gelling solution ratio were optimized conditions for IG. When 20% extract was employed, the highest EE was achieved, and the largest release was obtained at a pH 6.5 buffer. The Peppas-Sahlin model presented the best fit to experimental data. Polyphenol release was driven by diffusion, whereas bixin showed anomalous release. These results are promising for application as modulated release agents in food matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Naranjo-Durán
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Street 67, 53-108, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Julián Quintero-Quiroz
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Street 67, 53-108, Medellin, Colombia
| | - John Rojas-Camargo
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Street 67, 53-108, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gelmy Luz Ciro-Gómez
- College of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Street 67, 53-108, Medellin, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Padhi S, Masi M, Chourasia R, Rajashekar Y, Rai AK, Evidente A. ADMET profile and virtual screening of plant and microbial natural metabolites as SARS-CoV-2 S1 glycoprotein receptor binding domain and main protease inhibitors. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 890:173648. [PMID: 33069672 PMCID: PMC7561576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to search for selective inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 which caused devastating of lives and livelihoods across the globe, 415 natural metabolites isolated from several plants, fungi and bacteria, belonging to different classes, were investigated. The drug metabolism and safety profiles were computed in silico and the results showed seven compounds namely fusaric acid, jasmonic acid, jasmonic acid methyl ester, putaminoxin, putaminoxin B and D, and stagonolide K were predicted to having considerable absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion parameters (ADME) and safety indices. Molecular docking against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike glycoprotein (S1) and the main protease (Mpro) exposed the compounds having better binding affinity to main protease as compared to the S1 receptor binding domain. The docking results were compared to an antiviral drug penciclovir reportedly of clinical significance in treating the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The results demonstrated the test compounds jasmonic acid, putaminoxins B and D bound to the HIS-CYS catalytic dyad as well as to other residues within the MPro active site with much greater affinity than penciclovir. The findings of the study suggest that these compounds could be explored as potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors, and could further be combined with the experimental investigations to develop effective therapeutics to deal with the present pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srichandan Padhi
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Regional Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102, India
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Rounak Chourasia
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Regional Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102, India
| | - Yallappa Rajashekar
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Takeylpat, Manipur 795001, India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Regional Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102, India.
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li M, Wang C. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of the fruit of Tetradium ruticarpum: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 263:113231. [PMID: 32758577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruit of Tetradium ruticarpum (FTR) known as Tetradii fructus or Evodiae fructus (Wu-Zhu-Yu in Chinese) is a versatile herbal medicine which has been prescribed in Chinese herbal formulas and recognized in Japanese Kampo. FTR has been clinically used to treat various diseases such as headache, vomit, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea and pelvic inflammation for thousands of years. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present paper aimed to provide comprehensive information on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, drug interaction and toxicology of FTR in order to build up a foundation on the mechanism of ethnopharmacological uses as well as to explore the trends and perspectives for further studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review collected the literatures published prior to July 2020 on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of FTR. All relevant information on FTR was gathered from worldwide accepted scientific search engines and databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, ACS, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Information was also obtained from local books, PhD. and MSc. Dissertations as well as from Pharmacopeias. RESULTS FTR has been used as an herbal medicine for centuries in East Asia. A total of 165 chemical compounds have been isolated so far and the main chemical compounds of FTR include alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, and phenylpropanoids. Crude extracts, processed products (medicinal slices) and pure components of FTR exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-obesity, antioxidant, insecticide, regulating central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, cardiovascular protection. Furthermore, bioactive components isolated from FTR can induce drug interaction and hepatic injury. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic potential of FTR has been demonstrated with the pharmacological effects on cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, CNS, bacterial infection and obesity. Pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies of FTR mostly focus on its main active alkaloids. Further in-depth studies on combined medication and processing approaches mechanisms, pharmacological and toxic effects not limited to the alkaloids, and toxic components of FTR should be designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao X, Xu B, Wu P, Zhao P, Guo C, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Li H. UHPLC-MS/MS method for pharmacokinetic and bioavailability determination of five bioactive components in raw and various processed products of Polygala tenuifolia in rat plasma. Pharm Biol 2020; 58:969-978. [PMID: 32956609 PMCID: PMC7534330 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1818790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sibiricose A5 (A5), sibiricose A6 (A6), 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose (DSS), tenuifoliside A (TFSA) and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) are the main active components of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae) (PT) that are active against Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE To compare the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of five active components in the roots of raw PT (RPT), liquorice-boiled PT (LPT) and honey-stir-baked PT (HPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The median lethal dose (LD50) was evaluated through acute toxicity test. The pharmacokinetics of five components after oral administration of extracts of RPT, LPT, HPT (all equivalent to 1.9 g/kg of RPT extract for one dose) and 0.5% CMC-Na solution (control group) were investigated, respectively, in Sprague-Dawley rats (four groups, n = 6) using UHPLC-MS/MS. In addition, the absolute bioavailability of A5, A6, DSS, TFSA and TMCA after oral administration (7.40, 11.60, 16.00, 50.00 and 3.11 mg/kg, respectively) and intravenous injection (1/10 of the corresponding oral dose) in rats (n = 6) was studied. RESULTS The LD50 of RPT, LPT and HPT was 7.79, 14.55 and 15.99 g/kg, respectively. AUC 0- t of RPT, LPT and HPT were as follows: A5 (433.18 ± 65.48, 680.40 ± 89.21, 552.02 ± 31.10 ng h/mL), A6 (314.55 ± 62.73, 545.76 ± 123.16, 570.06 ± 178.93 ng h/mL) and DSS (100.30 ± 62.44, 232.00 ± 66.08, 197.58 ± 57.37 ng h/mL). The absolute bioavailability of A5, A6, DSS, TFSA and TMCA was 3.25, 2.95, 2.36, 1.17 and 42.91%, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The pharmacokinetic and bioavailability parameters of each compound can facilitate future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Baoxin Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changchuan Guo
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Yueli Cui
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanxue Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xuelan Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- CONTACT Xuelan Zhang
| | - Huifen Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Huifen Li School of Chinese Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dhupal M, Chowdhury D. Phytochemical-Based Nanomedicine for Advanced Cancer Theranostics: Perspectives on Clinical Trials to Clinical Use. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9125-9157. [PMID: 33244231 PMCID: PMC7683832 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s259628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current chapter, a new strategic compilation of phytochemicals with potent antitumor properties has been addressed, most importantly focusing on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling mechanism. A promising approach in tumor prevention is to eliminate cancer cells preferably via cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death with lesser harm to neighboring normal cells. Cancer cells have a survival advantage to escape apoptosis and relentlessly divide to proliferate, gearing up the cell cycle process. Recently, the use of phytochemical-derived conjugated chemotherapeutic agents has increased dramatically owing to its biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, low resistance, and dynamic physiochemical properties discriminating normal cells in the treatment of various cancer types. For decades, biomedical investigations have targeted cell cycle and apoptotic cell death mechanism as an effective cancer-killing tool for systemically assessing the potential biological interactions of functional phytocompounds compared to its synthetic counterparts during their complete life cycles from entry, biodistribution, cellular/molecular interactions to excretion. Newly emerging nanotechnology application in anticancer drug formulations has revolutionized cancer therapy. Tissue-specific phyto-nanomedicine plays a vital role in advanced cancer diagnostics using liposome, micelle, and nanoparticles as a precise and effective delivery vehicle. This chapter specifically focuses on the therapeutic phytomolecules approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA) along with phyto-chemopreventives currently on clinical trials (Phase-I/II/III/IV). Besides, detailed coverage is given to the FDA-approved nanotechnology-based formulations only in the areas of cancer theranostics via cell cycle arrest and apoptotic pathways including present challenges and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Dhupal
- Department of Microbiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Devasish Chowdhury
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati781035, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bian T, Corral P, Wang Y, Botello J, Kingston R, Daniels T, Salloum RG, Johnston E, Huo Z, Lu J, Liu AC, Xing C. Kava as a Clinical Nutrient: Promises and Challenges. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3044. [PMID: 33027883 PMCID: PMC7600512 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kava beverages are typically prepared from the root of Piper methysticum. They have been consumed among Pacific Islanders for centuries. Kava extract preparations were once used as herbal drugs to treat anxiety in Europe. Kava is also marketed as a dietary supplement in the U.S. and is gaining popularity as a recreational drink in Western countries. Recent studies suggest that kava and its key phytochemicals have anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, in addition to the well-documented neurological benefits. While its beneficial effects are widely recognized, rare hepatotoxicity had been associated with use of certain kava preparations, but there are no validations nor consistent mechanisms. Major challenges lie in the diversity of kava products and the lack of standardization, which has produced an unmet need for quality initiatives. This review aims to provide the scientific community and consumers, as well as regulatory agencies, with a broad overview on kava use and its related research. We first provide a historical background for its different uses and then discuss the current state of the research, including its chemical composition, possible mechanisms of action, and its therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory and neurological conditions, as well as cancer. We then discuss the challenges associated with kava use and research, focusing on the need for the detailed characterization of kava components and associated risks such as its reported hepatotoxicity. Lastly, given its growing popularity in clinical and recreational use, we emphasize the urgent need for quality control and quality assurance of kava products, pharmacokinetics, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and foundational pharmacology. These are essential in order to inform research into the molecular targets, cellular mechanisms, and creative use of early stage human clinical trials for designer kava modalities to inform and guide the design and execution of future randomized placebo controlled trials to maximize kava's clinical efficacy and to minimize its risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Pedro Corral
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Jordy Botello
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Rick Kingston
- College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Tyler Daniels
- Thorne Research Inc., Industrial Road, 620 Omni Dr, Summerville, SC 29483, USA;
| | - Ramzi G. Salloum
- Department of Health Outcome & Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Edward Johnston
- The Association for Hawaiian Awa (kava), Pepe’ekeo, HI 96783, USA;
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Junxuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Andrew C. Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hashiesh HM, Meeran MN, Sharma C, Sadek B, Kaabi JA, Ojha SK. Therapeutic Potential of β-Caryophyllene: A Dietary Cannabinoid in Diabetes and Associated Complications. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102963. [PMID: 32998300 PMCID: PMC7599522 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide across developed as well as developing nations. Hyperglycemia is the core feature of the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), following insulin deficiency and impaired insulin secretion or sensitivity leads insulin resistance (IR), respectively. Genetic and environmental factors attributed to the pathogenesis of DM and various therapeutic strategies are available for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Among the numerous therapeutic approaches, the health effects of dietary/nutraceutical approach due to the presence of bioactive constituents, popularly termed phytochemicals are receiving special interest for pharmacological effects and therapeutic benefits. The phytochemicals classes, in particular sesquiterpenes received attention because of potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperglycemic effects and health benefits mediating modulation of enzymes, receptors, and signaling pathways deranged in DM and its complications. One of the terpene compounds, β-caryophyllene (BCP), received enormous attention because of its abundant occurrence, non-psychoactive nature, and dietary availability through consumption of edible plants including spices. BCP exhibit selective full agonism on cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R), an important component of endocannabinoid system, and plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism and represents the newest drug target for chronic inflammatory diseases. BCP also showed agonist action on peroxisome proliferated activated receptor subtypes, PPAR-α and PPAR-γ, the main target of currently used fibrates and imidazolidinones for dyslipidemia and IR, respectively. Many studies demonstrated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, organoprotective, and antihyperglycemic properties. In the present review, the plausible therapeutic potential of BCP in diabetes and associated complications has been comprehensively elaborated based on experimental and a few clinical studies available. Further, the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of BCP in diabetes and its complications have been represented using synoptic tables and schemes. Given the safe status, abundant natural occurrence, oral bioavailability, dietary use and pleiotropic properties modulating receptors and enzymes, BCP appears as a promising molecule for diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (H.M.H.); (M.F.N.M.); (B.S.)
| | - M.F. Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (H.M.H.); (M.F.N.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (C.S.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (H.M.H.); (M.F.N.M.); (B.S.)
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE
| | - Juma Al Kaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (C.S.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE; (H.M.H.); (M.F.N.M.); (B.S.)
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, UAE
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-713-7524; Fax: +971-3-767-2033
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mustafa G, Majid M, Ghaffar A, Yameen M, Samad HA, Mahrosh HS. Screening and molecular docking of selected phytochemicals against NS5B polymerase of hepatitis c virus. Pak J Pharm Sci 2020; 33:2317-2322. [PMID: 33832906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has major role in spreading of liver diseases worldwide. The HCV nonstructural NS5B is a polymerase (RdRp) that is present at the carboxylic-end of the polyprotein chain. It is essential and most important for the replication cycle. In current study, the potential of 100 phytochemicals against HCV NS5B polymerase was determined. Phytochemical structures were retrieved from PubChem database. The phytochemicals were docked with the NS5B active site amino acids, in order to discover their attractions as inhibitors. After docking, molecules with top five conformations were selected from 100 molecules by docking scores and RMSD values. The results demonstrated strong interactions of phytochemicals with the NS5B. The selected compounds with best docking scores and RMSD were found to be glycitein, ferulic acid, eugenol, 1-octanol and sebacic acid. These were further evaluated through Lipinski's rule of five to explore their molecular properties and drug-likeliness characteristics and all five selected phytochemicals were found to have drug-likeliness characteristics. Further, according to ADME analysis, the ferulic acid, 1-octanol and eugenol were found to be nontoxic, non-carcinogenic and have the ability to cross the blood brain barriers. Therefore, these phytochemicals could be strong drug candidates for HCV NS5B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yameen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdul Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nandy S, Mukherjee A, Pandey DK, Ray P, Dey A. Indian Sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus): Recent progress in research on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 254:112609. [PMID: 32007632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. (Apocynaceae) is widely used in traditional medicine in the different parts of the Indian subcontinent due to the various biological activities attributed to its different parts, especially the roots. It has traditionally been used for treating snakebites, scorpion stings, diabetes, urinary diseases, dyspnea, menorrhagia, oligospermia, anorexia, fever, abdominal colic and pain, dysentery, diarrhea, cough, rheumatism, headache, inflammation, pyrosis, skin diseases, leprosy, sexually transmitted diseases and cancer. In Ayurveda, the plant is used in the treatment of bone-loss, low body weight, fever, stress, topical wound and psoriasis. Besides, Ayurvedic literature also depicts its use as anti-atherogenic, anti-spasmodic, memory enhancing, immunopotentiating and anti-inflammatory agents. AIM OF THE STUDY In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive update on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, specific pharmacology, and toxicology of H. indicus and its bioactive metabolites. Possible directions for future research are also outlined in brief. MATERIALS AND METHODS Popular and widely used international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and JSTOR were searched and traditional literature were consulted using the various search strings to retrieve a number of citations related to the ethnopharmacology, biological activity, toxicology, quality control and phytochemistry of H. indicus. All studies on the ethnobotany, phtochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the plant up to 2019 were included in this review. RESULTS H. indicus has played an important role in traditional Indian medicine (including Ayurveda) and also in European medicine. The main pharmacological properties of H. indicus include hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-ophidian, cardioprotective, nephroprotective, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Phytochemical evaluations of the root have revealed the presence of aromatic aldehydes and their derivatives, phenolics, triterpenoids and many other compounds, some of which were attributed to its bioactivity. This review also compiles a list of Ayurvedic formulations and commercial preparations where H. indicus has been used as an active ingredient. We have included the critical assessment of all the papers cited in this manuscript based on experimental observation and other important points which reflect the loop-holes of research strategy and ambiguity in the papers reviewed in this manuscript. CONCLUSIONS The study presents an exhaustive and updated review on the traditional, pharmacological and phytochemical aspects of H. indicus with notes on its quality control and toxicological information. Although the crude extracts of H. indicus exhibit an array of pharmacological activities, it is high time to identify more active phyto-constituents by bioactivity-guided isolation besides elucidating their structure-activity relationship. More designed investigations are needed to comprehend the multi-target network pharmacology, to clarify the molecular mode of action and to ascertain the efficacious doses of H. indicus. Moreover, H. indicus is not fully assessed on the basis of its safety and efficacy on human. We hope this review will compile and improve the existing knowledge on the potential utilization of H. indicus in complementary and alternative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Puja Ray
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
El-Saber Batiha G, Magdy Beshbishy A, G. Wasef L, Elewa YHA, A. Al-Sagan A, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, M. Abd-Elhakim Y, Prasad Devkota H. Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic ( Allium sativum L.): A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E872. [PMID: 32213941 PMCID: PMC7146530 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used from ancient times for human healthcare as in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herbaceous plant that is consumed worldwide as food and traditional remedy for various diseases. It has been reported to possess several biological properties including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihypertensive activities in traditional medicines. A. sativum is rich in several sulfur-containing phytoconstituents such as alliin, allicin, ajoenes, vinyldithiins, and flavonoids such as quercetin. Extracts and isolated compounds of A. sativum have been evaluated for various biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others. This review examines the phytochemical composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of A. sativum extracts as well as its main active constituent, allicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt;
| | - Amany Magdy Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;
| | - Lamiaa G. Wasef
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt;
| | - Yaser H. A. Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Sagan
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22578, Egypt;
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sharma P, Joshi T, Joshi T, Chandra S, Tamta S. In silico screening of potential antidiabetic phytochemicals from Phyllanthus emblica against therapeutic targets of type 2 diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 248:112268. [PMID: 31593813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Syn. Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), has been used to cure many ailments of human beings. Literature survey demonstrates that it has many pharmacological activities i.e. antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, antifungal, antiallergic, antiviral, and anticancer properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to identify the novel plant-derived antidiabetic compounds from P. emblica to understand the molecular basis of antidiabetic activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Text mining analysis of P. emblica and its disease association was carried out using server DLAD4U. Due to the highest score of P. emblica with diabetes, the virtual screening of a phytochemical library of P. emblica against three targets of diabetes was carried out. After that FAF-Drug4, admetSAR and DruLiTo servers were used for drug-likeness prediction. Additionally, pharmacophore modeling was also carried out to understand the antidiabetic activity of screened compounds. RESULTS The docking scores, drug-likeness and pharmacophore studies found that Ellagic acid, Estradiol, Sesamine, Kaempferol, Zeatin, Quercetin, and Leucodelphinidin are potential antidiabetic compounds. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that phytochemicals of P. emblica are very potential antidiabetic candidates. Using the modern techniques these molecules could be used to develop an effective antidiabetic drugs from a natural resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Tushar Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Tanuja Joshi
- Department of Botany, S.S.J Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263601, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Botany, S.S.J Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263601, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Sushma Tamta
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263002, Uttarakhand, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang C, Gong X, Bo A, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zang E, Zhang C, Li M. Iridoids: Research Advances in Their Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2020; 25:E287. [PMID: 31936853 PMCID: PMC7024201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iridoids are a class of active compounds that widely exist in the plant kingdom. In recent years, with advances in phytochemical research, many compounds with novel structure and outstanding activity have been identified. Iridoid compounds have been confirmed to mainly exist as the prototype and aglycone and Ι and II metabolites, by biological transformation. These metabolites have been shown to have neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. This review summarizes the new structures and activities of iridoids identified locally and globally, and explains their pharmacokinetics from the aspects of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion according to the differences in their structures, thus providing a theoretical basis for further rational development and utilization of iridoids and their metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wang
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Xue Gong
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Agula Bo
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China;
| | - Mingxu Zhang
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Erhuan Zang
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China; (C.W.); (X.G.); (A.B.); (M.Z.); (E.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tang GY, Meng X, Gan RY, Zhao CN, Liu Q, Feng YB, Li S, Wei XL, Atanasov AG, Corke H, Li HB. Health Functions and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Tea Components: An Update Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6196. [PMID: 31817990 PMCID: PMC6941079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is widely consumed all over the world. Generally, tea is divided into six categories: White, green, yellow, oolong, black, and dark teas, based on the fermentation degree. Tea contains abundant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, free amino acids, and saponins. However, the bioavailability of tea phytochemicals is relatively low. Thus, some novel technologies like nanotechnology have been developed to improve the bioavailability of tea bioactive components and consequently enhance the bioactivity. So far, many studies have demonstrated that tea shows various health functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-regulatory, anticancer, cardiovascular-protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and hepato-protective effects. Moreover, it is also considered that drinking tea is safe to humans, since reports about the severe adverse effects of tea consumption are rare. In order to provide a better understanding of tea and its health potential, this review summarizes and discusses recent literature on the bioactive components, bioavailability, health functions, and safety issues of tea, with special attention paid to the related molecular mechanisms of tea health functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Devillers J, Devillers H. Toxicity profiling and prioritization of plant-derived antimalarial agents. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2019; 30:801-824. [PMID: 31565973 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2019.1665844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Human malaria is the most widespread mosquito-borne life-threatening disease worldwide. In the absence of effective vaccines, prevention and treatment of malaria only depend on prophylaxis and drug-based therapy either in monotherapy or in combination. Unfortunately, the number of available antimalarial drugs presenting different mechanisms of action is rather limited. In addition, the appearance of drug-resistance in the parasite strains impacts the efficacy of the treatments. As a result, there is a crucial need to find new drugs to circumvent resistance problems. In the quest to identify new antimalarial agents a huge number of plant-derived compounds (PDCs) have been investigated. Surprisingly in the in silico PDC screening programs, toxicity filters are either never used or so simple that their interest is limited. In this context, the goal of this study was to show how to take advantage of validated toxicity QSAR models for refining the selection of PDCs. From an original data set of 507 PDCs collected from the literature, the use of toxicity filters for endocrine disruption, developmental toxicity, and hepatotoxicity in conjunction with classical pharmacokinetic filters allowed us to obtain a list of 31 compounds of potential interest. The pros and cons of such a strategy have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Devillers
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Landberg R, Manach C, Kerckhof FM, Minihane AM, Saleh RNM, De Roos B, Tomas-Barberan F, Morand C, Van de Wiele T. Future prospects for dissecting inter-individual variability in the absorption, distribution and elimination of plant bioactives of relevance for cardiometabolic endpoints. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:21-36. [PMID: 31642982 PMCID: PMC6851035 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The health-promoting potential of food-derived plant bioactive compounds is evident but not always consistent across studies. Large inter-individual variability may originate from differences in digestion, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). ADME can be modulated by age, sex, dietary habits, microbiome composition, genetic variation, drug exposure and many other factors. Within the recent COST Action POSITIVe, large-scale literature surveys were undertaken to identify the reasons and extent of inter-individual variability in ADME of selected plant bioactive compounds of importance to cardiometabolic health. The aim of the present review is to summarize the findings and suggest a framework for future studies designed to investigate the etiology of inter-individual variability in plant bioactive ADME and bioefficacy. RESULTS Few studies have reported individual data on the ADME of bioactive compounds and on determinants such as age, diet, lifestyle, health status and medication, thereby limiting a mechanistic understanding of the main drivers of variation in ADME processes observed across individuals. Metabolomics represent crucial techniques to decipher inter-individual variability and to stratify individuals according to metabotypes reflecting the intrinsic capacity to absorb and metabolize bioactive compounds. CONCLUSION A methodological framework was developed to decipher how the contribution from genetic variants or microbiome variants to ADME of bioactive compounds can be predicted. Future study design should include (1) a larger number of study participants, (2) individual and full profiling of all possible determinants of internal exposure, (3) the presentation of individual ADME data and (4) incorporation of omics platforms, such as genomics, microbiomics and metabolomics in ADME and efficacy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederiek-Maarten Kerckhof
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Minihane
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK
| | - Rasha Noureldin M Saleh
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK
| | - Baukje De Roos
- University of Aberdeen, the Rowett Institute, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Francisco Tomas-Barberan
- Food and Health Laboratory, Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stevens-Barrón JC, de la Rosa LA, Wall-Medrano A, Álvarez-Parrilla E, Rodríguez-Ramirez R, Robles-Zepeda RE, Astiazaran-García H. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Antioxidant Phytochemicals from Selected Edible Nuts. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2303. [PMID: 31569705 PMCID: PMC6836022 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate health benefits of peanuts and tree nuts partially depend on the effective gastrointestinal delivery of their phytochemicals. The chemical composition and in vitro bioaccessibility of tocopherols, tocotrienols and phenolic compounds from peanuts and seven tree nuts were evaluated by analytical and chemometric methods. Total fat and dietary fiber (g 100 g-1) ranged from 34.2 (Emory oak acorn) to 72.5 (pink pine nut; PPN) and from 1.2 (PPN) to 22.5 (pistachio). Samples were rich in oleic and linoleic acids (56-87 g 100 g-1 oil). Tocopherols and tocotrienols (mg·kg-1) ranged from 48.1 (peanut) to 156.3 (almond) and 0 (almond, pecan) to 22.1 (PPN) and hydrophilic phenolics from 533 (PPN) to 12,896 (Emory oak acorn); flavonoids and condensed tannins (mg CE.100 g-1) ranged from 142 (white pine nut) to 1833 (Emory oak acorn) and 14 (PPN) to 460 (Emory oak acorn). Three principal components explained 90% of the variance associated with the diversity of antioxidant phytochemicals in samples. In vitro bioaccessibility of tocopherols, tocotrienols, hydrophilic phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins ranged from 11-51%, 16-79%, 25-55%, 0-100%, and 0-94%, respectively. Multiple regression analyses revealed a potential influence of dietary fiber, fats and/or unsaturated fatty acids on phytochemical bioaccessibility, in a structure-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jazmín C Stevens-Barrón
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
| | - Laura A de la Rosa
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
| | - Abraham Wall-Medrano
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
| | - Emilio Álvarez-Parrilla
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Ramirez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 85000 Ciudad Obregón, Mexico.
| | - Ramón E Robles-Zepeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, 83000 Hermosillo, Mexico.
| | - Humberto Astiazaran-García
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, 83304 A.C. Hermosillo, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dey P. Gut microbiota in phytopharmacology: A comprehensive overview of concepts, reciprocal interactions, biotransformations and mode of actions. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104367. [PMID: 31344423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and delicate interactions amongst intestinal microbiota, metabolome and metabolism dictates human health and disease. In recent years, our understanding of gut microbial regulation of intestinal immunometabolic and redox homeostasis have evolved mainly out of in vivo studies associated with high-fat feeding induced metabolic diseases. Techniques utilizing fecal transplantation and germ-free mice have been instrumental in reproducibly demonstrating how the gut microbiota affects disease pathogenesis. However, the pillars of modern drug discovery i.e. evidence-based pharmacological studies critically lack focus on intestinal microflora. This is primarily due to targeted in vitro molecular-approaches at cellular-level that largely overlook the etiology of disease pathogenesis from the physiological perspective. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the key notions of intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis, and highlight the microbiota-phytochemical bidirectional interactions that affects bioavailability and bioactivity of parent phytochemicals and their metabolites. Potentially by focusing on the three major aspects of gut microbiota i.e. microbial abundance, diversity, and functions, I will discuss phytochemical-microbiota reciprocal interactions, biotransformation of phytochemicals and plant-derived drugs, and pre-clinical and clinical efficacies of herbal medicine on dysbiosis. Additionally, in relation to phytochemical pharmacology, I will briefly discuss the role of dietary-patterns associated with changes in microbial profiles and review pharmacological study models considering possible microbial effects. This review therefore, emphasize on the timely and critically needed evidence-based phytochemical studies focusing on gut microbiota and will provide newer insights for future pre-clinical and clinical phytopharmacological interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wise K, Selby-Pham S, Bennett L, Selby-Pham J. Pharmacokinetic properties of phytochemicals in Hypericum perforatum influence efficacy of regulating oxidative stress. Phytomedicine 2019; 59:152763. [PMID: 31004882 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericum perforatum is used in ethnopharmacology and has recently become popular in conventional medicine for treatment of mild to moderate depression. The abundance of potentially functional phytochemicals and their broader utilizations in traditional medicine suggests that ingestion of H. perforatum may impart additional secondary health benefits. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Considering that many phytochemicals are known to display antioxidant activity, it was hypothesized that H. perforatum ingestion may inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation (OSI) which occurs in transient cycles following exercise and consumption of meals. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetics of H. perforatum phytochemicals after ingestion to predict the absorption timing of putative medicinal phytochemicals. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS In silico analyses of previously published plant extract phytochemical profiles were performed, wherein the Phytochemical Absorption Prediction (PCAP) model was used to predict the pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals. The predicted times for phytochemicals to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax), and associated antioxidant activities, were compared to prior clinical in vivo studies to assess the accuracy and applicability of predictions. RESULTS The PCAP model identified that phytochemicals with antioxidant activity concurrently accumulate in plasma with Tmax in the range of 1.6-2.3 h after ingestion. Comparison with previously published results identified that attenuation of OSI following H. perforatum ingestion aligns with the predicted Tmax of antioxidant phytochemicals. CONCLUSION Based on these results it is therefore recommended that H. perforatum administration occurs 2 h before meals to provide optimal secondary health benefits associated with inhibition of postprandial stress. Additionally, these results highlight the use of in silico analyses to inform ingestion time and optimize the health benefits from ingestion of plant-based foods and medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimber Wise
- Nutrifield, Sunshine West, VIC 3020, Australia
| | - Sophie Selby-Pham
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Louise Bennett
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The application of natural products to treat various diseases, such as cancer, has been an important area of research for many years. Several phytochemicals have demonstrated anticarcinogenic activity to prevent or reduce the progression of cancer by modulating various cellular mechanisms. However, poor bioavailability has hindered clinical success and the incorporation of these drugs into efficient drug delivery systems would be beneficial. For lung cancer, local delivery via the pulmonary route would also be more effective. In this article, recent in vitro scientific literature on phenolic compounds with anticancer activity towards lung cancer cell lines is reviewed and nanoparticulate delivery is mentioned as a possible solution to the problem of bioavailability. The first part of the review will explore the different classes of natural phenolic compounds and discuss recent reports on their activity on lung cancer cells. Then, the problem of the poor bioavailability of phenolic compounds will be explored, followed by a summary of recent advances in improving the efficacy of these phenolic compounds using nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. Graphical abstract The rationale for direct delivery of phenolic compounds loaded in microparticles to the lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley G Muller
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, 3 Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, 3 Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Imran Y Saleem
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, 3 Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Gillian A Hutcheon
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, 3 Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wan JY, Tian YF, Wan HT, Yu L, Zhou HF, Li C, He Y. [Pharmacokinetics of compatible effective components of Mahuang Decoction in febrile rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:2149-2155. [PMID: 31355574 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190125.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper,after the febrile rat model was prepared by injecting yeast,orthogonally compatible effective components from prescription drugs of Mahuang Decoction( Ephedra sinica total alkaloids,Cinnamomum cassia essential oil,amygdalin,Glycyrrhiza uralensis total flavonoids+G. uralensis total saponins) with nine different dosage ratios were given by gavage administration.The plasma concentrations of main active ingredients including ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,methylephedrine hydrochloride,cinnamic acid,amygdalin,liquritin and glycyrrhizin at different time points were analyzed by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer( LC-MS). Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters of non-compartmental model,the area under curve of total quantum( AUCt) and the mean chromatographic retention time of total quantum( MRTt) were further calculated,in order to evaluate the effect of compatibility on the total statistical moment parameters. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic characteristics of main active components in febrile rats were significantly different after treatment with orthogonally compatibility of E. sinica total alkaloids,C.cassia essential oil,amygdalin,G. uralensis total flavonoids and G. uralensis total saponins. Orthogonal analysis confirmed that different compatibility components had different effects on the total statistical moment parameters. The contribution of effective components of Mahuang Decoction to AUCtwas as follows in a descending order: E. sinica total alkaloids>C. cassia essential oil>amygdalin>G. uralensis total flavonoids+G. uralensis total saponin,while the contribution to MRTtwas: E. sinica total alkaloids >G. uralensis total flavonoids+G. uralensis total saponin>amygdalin>C. cassia essential oil. The E. sinica total alkaloid had the greatest effects on both of the above parameters,and the optimal combination was A_3B_3C_2D_1 for AUCt,and A_1B_1C_1D_1 for MRTt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yang Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Yan-Fang Tian
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Hai-Tong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Li Yu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Hui-Fen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Chang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053,China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hussain G, Ashfaq UA, Rahman M, Masoud MS, Nahid N, Bhinder MA, Aslam N, Yousaf N, Ahmed U, Qasim M. Computational screening of phytochemicals against survivin protein: A potent target for cancer. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:1145-1154. [PMID: 31303583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Survivin (IAP proteins) is considered as a significant target for anticancer drug research owing to its upregulation in tumor cells to mediate resistance to apoptotic stimulus. The current study aimed to investigate phytochemicals as inhibitors of survivin with caspases to reactivate the functioning of caspases through molecular docking. The compounds namely 2(R), 4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine, 4-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[3,2-e]thiazine-6-sulfonamide, 2,3-Diketo-L-gulonic acid, (3-hydroxy-2-octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxypropyl) octadecanoate, 2-[[4-[[4-[(4-formamido-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl)amino]-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl]amino]-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl]amino]ethyl-dimethylazanium, Picolinic acid and (2-Hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) dihydrogen phosphate successfully bind inside the pocket of survivin. ADMETsar was used to evaluate the anticancer potential of selected compounds. These compounds can be proposed as effective inhibitors, disrupting the survivin-caspases interaction and reactivating the caspases function of apoptosis. The study might facilitate the development of cost-effective and natural drugs against cancer. However, further validation is essential for confirmation of its drug efficacy and bio-compatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Deptt. of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoodur Rahman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shareef Masoud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Nahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Munir Ahmad Bhinder
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Numan Yousaf
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzair Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo Z, Lou Y, Kong M, Luo Q, Liu Z, Wu J. A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1463. [PMID: 30909474 PMCID: PMC6470777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali radix (AR) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practices indicate that AR possesses various biological functions, including potent immunomodulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammation and antitumor activities. To date, more than 200 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from AR. Among them, isoflavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides are the three main types of beneficial compounds responsible for its pharmacological activities and therapeutic efficacy. After ingestion of AR, the metabolism and biotransformation of the bioactive compounds were extensive in vivo. The isoflavonoids and saponins and their metabolites are the major type of constituents absorbed in plasma. The bioavailability barrier (BB), which is mainly composed of efflux transporters and conjugating enzymes, is expected to have a significant impact on the bioavailability of AR. This review summarizes studies on the phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics on AR. Additionally, the use of AR as a personalized medicine based on the BB is also discussed, which may provide beneficial information to achieve a better and more accurate therapeutic response of AR in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Guo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yanmei Lou
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Muyan Kong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Qing Luo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 999078, China.
| | - Jinjun Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sharma A, Sharma S, Gupta M, Fatima S, Saini R, Agarwal SM. Pharmacokinetic profiling of anticancer phytocompounds using computational approach. Phytochem Anal 2018; 29:559-568. [PMID: 29667756 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural products exhibit diverse scaffolds and are considered as suitable candidates for development of leads. However, poor pharmacokinetics often acts as a hindrance during the drug discovery process. OBJECTIVE With a view of exploring the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profile of plant-based anticancer compounds, open-access databases (NPACT, CancerHSP and TaxKB) were analysed to identify molecules having properties favourable for drug ability. METHODOLOGY Our workflow involved identification of molecules capable of passing each of the ADMET barriers based on physicochemical properties of molecules, and physiological barriers and factors. RESULTS The results revealed that out of 5086 phytomolecules, 63% were orally absorbable and 52% distributable. Also, an appreciable proportion of these compounds (45%) could be metabolised and excreted. Furthermore, 28% were found to be non-toxic for cardio toxicity and central nervous system (CNS) activity. Additionally, comparison against known anticancer drugs (reference dataset) revealed that the three libraries exhibit similar trends, thus providing additional confidence to the predictions. Overall, 28% of the molecular dataset was found to have suitable pharmacokinetic properties. We have also discussed a few natural products which exhibit favourable ADMET as well as low nano-micromolar in vitro anticancer activity. CONCLUSION We have created an interactive database (ADMETCan), which provides access to predicted ADMET of these anticancer phytomolecules. The ease of availability of this dataset is expected to minimise failure rate of these compounds and thus is expected to be beneficial to the scientific community involved in anticancer identification and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sharma
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Mansi Gupta
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Shehnaz Fatima
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Ravi Saini
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Subhash Mohan Agarwal
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang J, Zhang L, Liu B, Wang Q, Chen Y, Wang Z, Zhou J, Xiao W, Zheng C, Wang Y. Systematic investigation of the Erigeron breviscapus mechanism for treating cerebrovascular disease. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:429-440. [PMID: 29783016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs), characterized by striking morbidity and mortality, have become the most common life-threatening diseases. The existing drugs of CBVDs target one or a few of pathogenic factors, the efficacy of which is limited because of the complexity of CBVDs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), featured by multi-component and multi-target endows the great effectiveness in CBVDs treatment. For instance, Erigeron breviscapus (vant.) Hand. Mazz. (Erigeron breviscapus) has been used to treat CBVDs for a long time and the efficacy has been verified through years' of practice. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of Erigeron breviscapus for treating CBVDs are still unclear. THE AIM OF THE STUDY Systematically decipher the mechanisms of Erigeron breviscapus for treating CBVDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The systems pharmacology approach is utilized by integrating ADME pharmacokinetic screening, target fishing, protein-protein interaction (PPI), network analysis and in vitro experiments verification. RESULTS First, 14 potentially active molecules were screened out through in silico ADME pharmacokinetic evaluation, most of which have been reported with excellent biological activities. Then 169 targets of active molecules were read out using our in-house softwares, systems drug targeting (sysDT) and Weighted Ensemble Similarity(WES). We found that the targets of the active compounds were significantly enriched to the CBVDs therapeutic targets by analyzing their biological processes and protein-protein interactions (PPIs). A multi-layer network analysis including compound-target network, target-pathway network and "CBVDs pathway" indicated that the Erigeron breviscapus exerts a protective effect on CBVDs via regulating multiple pathways and hitting on multiple targets. Meanwhile in vitro experiments confirmed that the stigmasterol, scutellarein, and daucosterol from Erigeron breviscapus increased the MEK and PLCγ proteins levels, and decreased the expression of Bax, PI3K, and eNOS, which led to the cell survival, proliferation and contraction. CONCLUSION The approach used in this work offers a new exemplification for systematically understanding the mechanisms of herbal medicines, which will give an impulse to the CBVDs drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangmei Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baoshi Liu
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yangyang Chen
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Chunli Zheng
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yang ML, You PT, He LS, Chen SH, Zhou AJ, Liu YW, Chen X. [Pharmacokinetics of eight constituents in rat plasma after oral administration of Modified Xiaochaihu Granules for gastric ulcer based on UPLC-MS/MS]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:3748-3755. [PMID: 30384542 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed in this study to simultaneously determine the contents of eight effective constituents in rat plasma, including baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, berberine hydrochloride, saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d in plasma of gastric ulcer rats, and investigate the pharmacokinetics of Modified Xiaochaihu Granules. Chromatographic separation was conducted on Zorbax SB-C₁₈ column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) with acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution, at a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min⁻¹ and column temperature of 40 °C. Detection was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with ESI ion source. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r>0.996) over a wide concentration range for all constituents. RSDs of intra-day and inter-day precision were all within 15% and the extraction recoveries of all the constituents were in the range of 81.92% to 104.8%. The time to peak (tmax) of these eight constituents was (2.69±2.02), (5.17±2.04), (0.25±0), (0.83±0.26), (0.92±0.20), (0.92±0.20), (0.58±0.20), and (0.083±0) h, respectively; the half-life (t1/2) of them was (7.85±0.34), (10.16±2.21), (6.79±0.21), (8.32±0.48), (11.05±1.78), (11.56±3.46), (15.30±1.84), and (5.54±1.91) h, respectively; the peak concentration (Cmax) of them was (55.02±1.67), (213.66±4.62), (62.61±0.69), (68.43±1.42), (62.22±0.39), (30.17±1.89), (61.79±4.81), and (38.02±1.75) μg·L⁻¹, respectively. This established method is simple and accurate with good repeatability and strong specificity, which could provide modern experimental basis for modified Xiaochaihu granules in clinical treatment of gastric ulcer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ling Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Resource and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Peng-Tao You
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Resource and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Li-Shan He
- Wuhan Institute for Food and Cometic Control, Wuhan 430012, China
| | - Shu-He Chen
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ai-Jun Zhou
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Yan-Wen Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Resource and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Resource and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yan B, Shen M, Fang J, Wei D, Qin L. Advancement in the chemical analysis of Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:276-288. [PMID: 30144752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniae Radix Alba (baishao or white peony root) and Paeoniae Radix Rubra (chishao or red peony root) are two highly valuable traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) usually indicated for painful conditions, menstrual disorders and viral infections. These two TCMs are collectively referred to as shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) due to their close origins and similar chemical compositions. Modern research indicates that monoterpene glycosides, polyphenols and paeonols are the three main types of compounds related to the pharmacological activities of Paeoniae Radix. This review summarizes recent advances in the chemical analysis of Paeoniae Radix and the related traditional Chinese medicine formulas/preparations, including methods used for sample pretreatment, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis and biological sample analysis. More than 120 papers are discussed in this review, focusing on the chemical analysis of Paeoniae Radix, and various analytical techniques (such as HPLC, LC-MS, IR, near IR and quantitative NMR), as well as their advantages/disadvantages, are described. It is our hope that this paper can provide necessary information for improving the quality evaluation methods currently available for Paeoniae Radix and offer a scientific basis for the future in-depth study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Paeoniae Radix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binjun Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Menglan Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jinyang Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Danni Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Luping Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lee AY, Park W, Kang TW, Cha MH, Chun JM. Network pharmacology-based prediction of active compounds and molecular targets in Yijin-Tang acting on hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 221:151-159. [PMID: 29698773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yijin-Tang (YJT) is a traditional prescription for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia, atherosclerosis and other ailments related to dampness phlegm, a typical pathological symptom of abnormal body fluid metabolism in Traditional Korean Medicine. However, a holistic network pharmacology approach to understanding the therapeutic mechanisms underlying hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis has not been pursued. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine the network pharmacological potential effects of YJT on hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis, we analysed components, performed target prediction and network analysis, and investigated interacting pathways using a network pharmacology approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on compounds in herbal medicines was obtained from public databases, and oral bioavailability and drug-likeness was screened using absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) criteria. Correlations between compounds and genes were linked using the STITCH database, and genes related to hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis were gathered using the GeneCards database. Human genes were identified and subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. RESULTS Network analysis identified 447 compounds in five herbal medicines that were subjected to ADME screening, and 21 compounds and 57 genes formed the main pathways linked to hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. Among them, 10 compounds (naringenin, nobiletin, hesperidin, galangin, glycyrrhizin, homogentisic acid, stigmasterol, 6-gingerol, quercetin and glabridin) were linked to more than four genes, and are bioactive compounds and key chemicals. Core genes in this network were CASP3, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, MMP2 and MMP9. The compound-target gene network revealed close interactions between multiple components and multiple targets, and facilitates a better understanding of the potential therapeutic effects of YJT. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological network analysis can help to explain the potential effects of YJT for treating dampness phlegm-related diseases such as hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Park
- Bioinformatics Group, R&D Center, Insilicogen Corporation, 35, Techno 9-ro, 34027, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kang
- Bioinformatics Group, R&D Center, Insilicogen Corporation, 35, Techno 9-ro, 34027, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Cha
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang C, Yin X, Dong X, Zhang X, You L, Wang W, Wang J, Chen Q, Ni J. Determination of the phytochemical composition of Jingning fang and the in vivo pharmacokinetics of its metabolites in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1067:71-88. [PMID: 29017076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Jingning fang (JNF) is an effective Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which is used for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). To clarify the bioactive constituents of JNF, a Thermo Q Exactive™ Plus Orbitrap™ mass spectrometer was used in this study. More than 127 chemical compounds were isolated and identified tentatively in the JNF extract, while 42 prototype constituents with 4 potential metabolites were identified tentatively in rat plasma. A method for simultaneous determination of polygalaxanthone III (PAIII), sibiricose A5 (A5), sibiricose A6 (A6), 3, 6'-disinapoyl sucrose (3,6'-DISS), tenuifoliside C (TEC), tenuifolin B (TNB), verbascoside (VCE), heterophyllin B (HEB) and schisandrin (SCH) in rat was developed and validated using polydatin (PLN) and psoralen (PSN) as internal standards. All calibration curves proved favorable linearity (R2≥0.9923) in linear ranges. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 2.5ng/mL for PAIII, A5, 3, 6'-DISS, TNB, VCE, HEB and SCH, 1.0ng/mL for A6 and TEC, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precisions didn't exceed 14.0% for all the analytes. Extraction recoveries and matrix effects of analytes and IS were acceptable. The validated method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics (PK) studies of the nine compounds in JNF. These findings are useful for predicting the bioactive components of JNF, and will aid in optimizing dose regimens of the drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - XingBin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Junhong Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fujimura Y, Miura D, Tachibana H. A Phytochemical-Sensing Strategy Based on Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolic Profiling for Understanding the Functionality of the Medicinal Herb Green Tea. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101621. [PMID: 28953237 PMCID: PMC6151411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight phytochemicals have health benefits and reduce the risk of diseases, but the mechanisms underlying their activities have remained elusive because of the lack of a methodology that can easily visualize the exact behavior of such small molecules. Recently, we developed an in situ label-free imaging technique, called mass spectrometry imaging, for visualizing spatially-resolved biotransformations based on simultaneous mapping of the major bioactive green tea polyphenol and its phase II metabolites. In addition, we established a mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling technique capable of evaluating the bioactivities of diverse green tea extracts, which contain multiple phytochemicals, by focusing on their compositional balances. This methodology allowed us to simultaneously evaluate the relative contributions of the multiple compounds present in a multicomponent system to its bioactivity. This review highlights small molecule-sensing techniques for visualizing the complex behaviors of herbal components and linking such information to an enhanced understanding of the functionalities of multicomponent medicinal herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Fujimura
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Miura
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tachibana
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cicero AFG, Colletti A, Bajraktari G, Descamps O, Djuric DM, Ezhov M, Fras Z, Katsiki N, Langlois M, Latkovskis G, Panagiotakos DB, Paragh G, Mikhailidis DP, Mitchenko O, Paulweber B, Pella D, Pitsavos C, Reiner Ž, Ray KK, Rizzo M, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Sperling LS, Toth PP, Vinereanu D, Vrablík M, Wong ND, Banach M. Lipid-lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:731-767. [PMID: 28938795 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the possible use of nutraceuticals to improve and optimize dyslipidemia control and therapy. Based on the data from available studies, nutraceuticals might help patients obtain theraputic lipid goals and reduce cardiovascular residual risk. Some nutraceuticals have essential lipid-lowering properties confirmed in studies; some might also have possible positive effects on nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors and have been shown to improve early markers of vascular health such as endothelial function and pulse wave velocity. However, the clinical evidence supporting the use of a single lipid-lowering nutraceutical or a combination of them is largely variable and, for many of the nutraceuticals, the evidence is very limited and, therefore, often debatable. The purpose of this position paper is to provide consensus-based recommendations for the optimal use of lipid-lowering nutraceuticals to manage dyslipidemia in patients who are still not on statin therapy, patients who are on statin or combination therapy but have not achieved lipid goals, and patients with statin intolerance. This statement is intended for physicians and other healthcare professionals engaged in the diagnosis and management of patients with lipid disorders, especially in the primary care setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; and Italian Society of Nutraceuticals
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; and Italian Society of Nutraceuticals
| | - Gani Bajraktari
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo; Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo; and Kosovo Society of Cardiology
| | - Olivier Descamps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centres Hospitaliers Jolimont, Haine Saint-Paul, Belgium; and Belgian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Dragan M Djuric
- Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian," Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; and Serbian Association for Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Research
| | - Marat Ezhov
- Russian Cardiology Research and Production Centre, Moscow, Russia; and Russian National Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Preventive Cardiology Unit, Department of Vascular Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Chair for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; and Slovenian Society of Cardiology
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michel Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital, Bruges, Belgium; and Belgian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Gustavs Latkovskis
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; and Baltic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- School of Health Science and Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; and Hungarian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olena Mitchenko
- Dyslipidaemia Department, Institute of Cardiology AMS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; and Ukrainian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; and Austrian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Daniel Pella
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia; and Slovak Association of Atherosclerosis
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Željko Reiner
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; and Croatian Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; and Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maria-Corina Serban
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, and Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurence S Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter P Toth
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, Illinois, USA
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; and Romanian Society of Cardiology
| | - Michal Vrablík
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; and Czech Atherosclerosis Society
| | - Nathan D Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland; Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration Group; and Polish Lipid Association
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Selby-Pham SNB, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR, Ng K, Bennett LE, Howell KS. Dietary Phytochemicals Promote Health by Enhancing Antioxidant Defence in a Pig Model. Nutrients 2017; 9:E758. [PMID: 28708113 PMCID: PMC5537872 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical-rich diets are protective against chronic diseases and mediate their protective effect by regulation of oxidative stress (OS). However, it is proposed that under some circumstances, phytochemicals can promote production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, which might drive OS-mediated signalling. Here, we investigated the effects of administering single doses of extracts of red cabbage and grape skin to pigs. Blood samples taken at baseline and 30 min intervals for 4 hours following intake were analyzed by measures of antioxidant status in plasma, including Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. In addition, dose-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by the same extracts was measured in untreated commercial pig plasma in vitro. Plasma from treated pigs showed extract dose-dependent increases in non-enzymatic (plasma TEAC) and enzymatic (GPx) antioxidant capacities. Similarly, extract dose-dependent increases in H₂O₂ were observed in commercial pig plasma in vitro. The antioxidant responses to extracts by treated pigs were highly correlated with their respective yields of H₂O₂ production in vitro. These results support that dietary phytochemicals regulate OS via direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms. The latter may be attributed to the ability to produce H₂O₂ and to thereby stimulate cellular antioxidant defence systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie N B Selby-Pham
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Jeremy J Cottrell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Ken Ng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Louise E Bennett
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Kate S Howell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mukkavilli R, Yang C, Singh Tanwar R, Ghareeb A, Luthra L, Aneja R. Absorption, Metabolic Stability, and Pharmacokinetics of Ginger Phytochemicals. Molecules 2017; 22:E553. [PMID: 28358331 PMCID: PMC6154694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated promising anticancer efficacy of orally-fed whole ginger extract (GE) in preclinical prostate models emphasizing the importance of preservation of the natural "milieu". Essentially, GE primarily includes active ginger phenolics viz., 6-gingerol (6G), 8-gingerol (8G), 10-gingerol (10G), and 6-shogaol (6S). However, the druglikeness properties of active GE phenolics like solubility, stability, and metabolic characteristics are poorly understood. Herein, we determined the physicochemical and biochemical properties of GE phenolics by conducting in vitro assays and mouse pharmacokinetic studies with and without co-administration of ketoconazole (KTZ). GE phenolics showed low to moderate solubility in various pH buffers but were stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, indicating their suitability for oral administration. All GE phenolics were metabolically unstable and showed high intrinsic clearance in mouse, rat, dog, and human liver microsomes. Upon oral administration of 250 mg/kg GE, sub-therapeutic concentrations of GE phenolics were observed. Treatment of plasma samples with β-glucuronidase (βgd) increased the exposure of all GE phenolics by 10 to 700-fold. Co-administration of KTZ with GE increased the exposure of free GE phenolics by 3 to 60-fold. Interestingly, when the same samples were treated with βgd, the exposure of GE phenolics increased by 11 to 60-fold, suggesting inhibition of phase I metabolism by KTZ but little effect on glucuronide conjugation. Correlating the in vitro and in vivo results, it is reasonable to conclude that phase II metabolism seems to be the predominant clearance pathway for GE phenolics. We present evidence that the first-pass metabolism, particularly glucuronide conjugation of GE phenolics, underlies low systemic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rao Mukkavilli
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Reenu Singh Tanwar
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Ahmed Ghareeb
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Latika Luthra
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Braakhuis AJ, Campion P, Bishop KS. Reducing Breast Cancer Recurrence: The Role of Dietary Polyphenolics. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090547. [PMID: 27608040 PMCID: PMC5037532 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from numerous observational and clinical studies suggest that polyphenolic phytochemicals such as phenolic acids in olive oil, flavonols in tea, chocolate and grapes, and isoflavones in soy products reduce the risk of breast cancer. A dietary food pattern naturally rich in polyphenols is the Mediterranean diet and evidence suggests those of Mediterranean descent have a lower breast cancer incidence. Whilst dietary polyphenols have been the subject of breast cancer risk-reduction, this review will focus on the clinical effects of polyphenols on reducing recurrence. Overall, we recommend breast cancer patients consume a diet naturally high in flavonol polyphenols including tea, vegetables (onion, broccoli), and fruit (apples, citrus). At least five servings of vegetables and fruit daily appear protective. Moderate soy protein consumption (5–10 g daily) and the Mediterranean dietary pattern show the most promise for breast cancer patients. In this review, we present an overview of clinical trials on supplementary polyphenols of dietary patterns rich in polyphenols on breast cancer recurrence, mechanistic data, and novel delivery systems currently being researched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Braakhuis
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, FM & HS, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Peta Campion
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, FM & HS, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Karen S Bishop
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Center, FM & HS, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shakeri A, Sahebkar A, Javadi B. Melissa officinalis L. - A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 188:204-28. [PMID: 27167460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Melissa officinalis L. is a medicinal plant that has long been used in different ethno-medical systems especially in the European Traditional Medicine and the Iranian Traditional Medicine for the treatment of several diseases. It is also widely used as a vegetable and to add flavor to dishes AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aimed to provide a summary on the botanical characterization, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of M. officinalis, and discusses research gaps and future opportunities for investigations on this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extensively reviewed major unpublished old texts, and published and electronic literature on traditional medicines of different regions of the world to find traditional uses of M. officinalis. Electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus were searched to find articles (published between 1956 and 2015) on pharmacology and phytochemistry of M. officinalis. RESULTS Traditional uses of M. officinalis have been recorded mostly in European countries, Mediterranean region and Middle East countries. Phytochemical investigations revealed that this plant contains volatile compounds, triterpenoids, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Crude extracts and pure compounds isolated from M. officinalis exhibited numerous pharmacological effects, from which only anxiolytic, antiviral and antispasmodic activities of this plant as well as its effects on mood, cognition and memory have been shown in clinical trials. AChE inhibitory activity, stimulation of the acetylcholine and GABAA receptors, as well as inhibition of matrix metallo proteinase-2 are the main mechanisms proposed for the widely discussed neurological effects of this plant. CONCLUSIONS Modern pharmacological studies have now validated many traditional uses of M. officinalis. The data reviewed here revealed that M. officinalis is a potential source for the treatment of a wide range of diseases especially anxiety and some other CNS disorders, though confirmatory trials are warranted to substantiate these effects in the clinical setting. Data regarding many aspects of this plant such as mechanisms of actions, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects of the extracts, potential interactions with standard-of-care medications and active compounds is still limited which call for additional studies particularly in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Behjat Javadi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Antony P, Vijayan R. Identification of Novel Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Spices: A Molecular Docking and Simulation Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138186. [PMID: 26384019 PMCID: PMC4575143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients results in a diverse range of complications such as diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. The role of aldose reductase (AR), the key enzyme in the polyol pathway, in these complications is well established. Due to notable side-effects of several drugs, phytochemicals as an alternative has gained considerable importance for the treatment of several ailments. In order to evaluate the inhibitory effects of dietary spices on AR, a collection of phytochemicals were identified from Zingiber officinale (ginger), Curcuma longa (turmeric) Allium sativum (garlic) and Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek). Molecular docking was performed for lead identification and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the dynamic behaviour of these protein-ligand interactions. Gingerenones A, B and C, lariciresinol, quercetin and calebin A from these spices exhibited high docking score, binding affinity and sustained protein-ligand interactions. Rescoring of protein ligand interactions at the end of MD simulations produced binding scores that were better than the initially docked conformations. Docking results, ligand interactions and ADMET properties of these molecules were significantly better than commercially available AR inhibitors like epalrestat, sorbinil and ranirestat. Thus, these natural molecules could be potent AR inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Antony
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bohn T, McDougall GJ, Alegría A, Alminger M, Arrigoni E, Aura A, Brito C, Cilla A, El SN, Karakaya S, Martínez‐Cuesta MC, Santos CN. Mind the gap-deficits in our knowledge of aspects impacting the bioavailability of phytochemicals and their metabolites--a position paper focusing on carotenoids and polyphenols. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1307-23. [PMID: 25988374 PMCID: PMC5033009 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Various secondary plant metabolites or phytochemicals, including polyphenols and carotenoids, have been associated with a variety of health benefits, such as reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and several types of cancer, most likely due to their involvement in ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress. However, discrepancies exist between their putative effects when comparing observational and intervention studies, especially when using pure compounds. These discrepancies may in part be explained by differences in intake levels and their bioavailability. Prior to exerting their bioactivity, these compounds must be made bioavailable, and considerable differences may arise due to their matrix release, changes during digestion, uptake, metabolism, and biodistribution, even before considering dose- and host-related factors. Though many insights have been gained on factors affecting secondary plant metabolite bioavailability, many gaps still exist in our knowledge. In this position paper, we highlight several major gaps in our understanding of phytochemical bioavailability, including effects of food processing, changes during digestion, involvement of cellular transporters in influx/efflux through the gastrointestinal epithelium, changes during colonic fermentation, and their phase I and phase II metabolism following absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyBelvauxLuxembourg
| | | | - Amparo Alegría
- Nutrition and Food Science AreaFaculty of Pharmacy, University of ValenciaAv. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/nBurjassotValenciaSpain
| | - Marie Alminger
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| | - Eva Arrigoni
- Agroscope, Institute for Food Sciences (IFS)WädenswilSwitzerland
| | | | - Catarina Brito
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeirasPortugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Antonio Cilla
- Nutrition and Food Science AreaFaculty of Pharmacy, University of ValenciaAv. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/nBurjassotValenciaSpain
| | - Sedef N. El
- Ege UniversityEngineering Faculty, Food Engineering DepartmentIzmirTurkey
| | - Sibel Karakaya
- Ege UniversityEngineering Faculty, Food Engineering DepartmentIzmirTurkey
| | | | - Claudia N. Santos
- IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeirasPortugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gundala SR, Mukkavilli R, Yang C, Yadav P, Tandon V, Vangala S, Prakash S, Aneja R. Enterohepatic recirculation of bioactive ginger phytochemicals is associated with enhanced tumor growth-inhibitory activity of ginger extract. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1320-9. [PMID: 24431413 PMCID: PMC4043243 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical complexity of plant foods confers health-promoting benefits including chemopreventive and anticancer effects. Isolating single constituents from complex foods may render them inactive, emphasizing the importance of preserving the natural composition of whole extracts. Recently, we demonstrated in vitro synergy among the most abundant bioactive constituents of ginger extract (GE), viz., 6-gingerol (6G), 8-gingerol (8G), 10-gingerol (10G) and 6-shogaol (6S). However, no study has yet examined the in vivo collaboration among ginger phytochemicals or evaluated the importance, if any, of the natural 'milieu' preserved in whole extract. Here, we comparatively evaluated in vivo efficacy of GE with an artificial quasi-mixture (Mix) formulated by combining four most active ginger constituents at concentrations equivalent to those present in whole extract. Orally fed GE showed 2.4-fold higher tumor growth-inhibitory efficacy than Mix in human prostate tumor xenografts. Pharmacokinetic evaluations and bioavailability measurements addressed the efficacy differences between GE and Mix. Plasma concentration-time profiles revealed multiple peaking phenomenon for ginger constituents when they were fed as GE as opposed to Mix, indicating enterohepatic recirculation. Bioavailability of 6G, 8G, 10G and 6S was 1.6-, 1.1-, 2.5- and 3.4-fold higher, respectively, when dosed with GE compared with Mix. In addition, gingerol glucuronides were detected in feces upon intravenous administration confirming hepatobiliary elimination. These data ascribe the superior in vivo efficacy of GE to higher area under the concentration time curves, greater residence time and enhanced bioavailability, of ginger phytochemicals, when fed as a natural extract compared with artificial Mix, emphasizing the usefulness of consuming whole foods over single agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushma R Gundala
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA, Advinus Therapeutics, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India and Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Rao Mukkavilli
- Advinus Therapeutics, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA, Advinus Therapeutics, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India and Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India and
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India and
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA, Advinus Therapeutics, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India and Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|