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Nasreen S, Ali S, Andleeb S, Summer M, Hussain T, Imdad K, Ara C, Tahir HM. Mechanisms of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and immunomodulatory action of probiotics bacteria and their secondary metabolites against disease management: an overview. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:549-565. [PMID: 38532057 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics or bacteriotherapy is today's hot issue for public entities (Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization) as well as health and food industries since Metchnikoff and his colleagues hypothesized the correlation between probiotic consumption and human's health. They contribute to the newest and highly efficient arena of promising biotherapeutics. These are usually attractive in biomedical applications such as gut-related diseases like irritable bowel disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infections, various allergies, parasitic and bacterial infections, viral diseases, and intestinal inflammation, and are also worth immunomodulation. The useful impact of probiotics is not limited to gut-related diseases alone. Still, these have proven benefits in various acute and chronic infectious diseases, like cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseases, and high serum cholesterol. Recently, different researchers have paid special attention to investigating biomedical applications of probiotics, but consolidated data regarding bacteriotherapy with a detailed mechanistically applied approach is scarce and controversial. The present article reviews the bio-interface of probiotic strains, mainly (i) why the demand for probiotics?, (ii) the current status of probiotics, (iii) an alternative to antibiotics, (iv) the potential applications towards disease management, (v) probiotics and industrialization, and (vi) futuristic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Imdad
- Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Niu Z, Li X, Yang X, Sun Z. Protective effects of sinomenine against dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via alteration of HO-1/Nrf2 and inflammatory pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2007-2022. [PMID: 38573363 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) induces ulcerative colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that leads to inflammation, swelling, and ulcers in the large intestine. The aim of this experimental study is to examine how sinomenine, a plant-derived alkaloid, can prevent or reduce the damage caused by DSS in the colon and rectum of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Induction of ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats was achieved by orally administering a 2% Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) solution, while the rats concurrently received oral administrations of sinomenine and sulfasalazine. The food, water intake was estimated. The body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length and spleen index estimated. Antioxidant, cytokines, inflammatory parameters and mRNA expression were estimated. The composition of gut microbiota was analyzed at both the phylum and genus levels in the fecal samples obtained from all groups of rats. RESULTS Sinomenine treatment enhanced the body weight, colon length and reduced the DAI, spleen index. Sinomenine treatment remarkably suppressed the level of NO, MPO, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 along with alteration of antioxidant parameters such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and MDA. Sinomenine treatment also decreased the cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18 in the serum and colon tissue; inflammatory parameters viz., PAF, COX-2, PGE2, iNOS, NF-κB; matrix metalloproteinases level such as MMP-1 and MMP-2. Sinomenine significantly (P < 0.001) enhanced the level of HO-1 and Nrf2. Sinomenine altered the mRNA expression of RIP1, RIP3, DRP3, NLRP3, IL-1β, caspase-1 and IL-18. Sinomenine remarkably altered the relative abundance of gut microbiota like firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, F/B ratio, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria. CONCLUSION The results clearly indicate that sinomenine demonstrated a protective effect against DSS-induced inflammation, potentially through the modulation of inflammatory pathways and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbao Niu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Department of Outpatient Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, No.105, Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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Nelwan EJ, Herdiman A, Kalaij AGI, Lauditta RK, Yusuf SM, Suarthana E. Role of probiotic as adjuvant in treating various infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:505. [PMID: 38773400 PMCID: PMC11106949 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the advantages of probiotics has attracted increasing interest based on the number of publications, products, and public awareness of their benefits. This review evaluated the role of probiotics (single and multiple regimens) as an additional regimen to treat common infectious diseases, including Helicobacter. pylori, diarrheal infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), and HIV infections. METHODS We searched randomized controlled trials from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane and identified 6,950 studies. Duplicates were removed, and titles and abstracts were filtered. Bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (ROB 1.0 and 2.0). The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Data were extracted and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan. RESULTS A total of 32 studies were included in this study (22 H. pylori studies, 2 diarrheal infection studies, 6 UTI studies, and 2 HIV infection studies). There was no study on URTI. Probiotics, in addition to primary treatment, could improve the eradication of H. pylori versus the control (RR: 1.09; 95% CI:1.04 - 1.13, p value = 0.001) and achieve a cure range of Nugent score in UTI patients (RR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.89, p value = 0.04). For eradicating H. pylori infection, subgroup analysis based on the therapy regimen showed that standard triple therapy was slightly superior compared to quadruple therapy in eradicating H. pylori (RR: 1.14 vs. 1.01, respectively). Single strain probiotics showed a similar effect to multiple strain probiotic regimens (both had an RR of 1.09). The effect estimates of the use of single strain probiotics as adjuvant therapy in eradicating H. pylori and the use of probiotics in UTI had a high certainty of evidence. Meta-analysis was not performed for infectious diarrheal because there were only two eligible studies with different probiotic supplementations and outcome parameters. Nonetheless, they showed that the diarrheal incidence was lower and complete remission of diarrheal was higher after the regimen of probiotics. Similarly, a meta-analysis was not performed for HIV infection because the two eligible studies used different designs and comparators with contradicting findings. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed beneficial use of single strain probiotics as adjuvant therapy in eradicating H. pylori and the use of probiotics in UTI. Probiotic supplementation might not be beneficial for patients given a quadruple therapy. Single-strain and multi-strain probiotic regimens had similar effects in increasing the eradication rate of H. pylori. Our study also suggested that the benefits of probiotics as an additional regimen in infectious diarrheal and HIV infections remain unclear; more studies are needed to confirm the benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erni Juwita Nelwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Center, Indonesia Medical and Education Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Allerma Herdiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | | | - Richella Khansa Lauditta
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Syarif Maulana Yusuf
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Center, Indonesia Medical and Education Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Eva Suarthana
- Health Technology Assessment Unit (TAU) of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
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Altamura S, Augello FR, Ortu E, Pietropaoli D, Cinque B, Giannoni M, Lombardi F. Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study. Biomolecules 2024; 14:605. [PMID: 38786012 PMCID: PMC11118116 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enamel plays an essential role in protecting the underlying layers of the human tooth; therefore, preserving it is vital. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the potential ability of L. brevis to counteract the action of a demineralizing agent on dental enamel morphology and mineral composition in vitro. METHODS The sample consisted of 12 healthy human posterior teeth. The coronal portion of each tooth was subdivided into two equal parts longitudinally. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups: artificial saliva, L. brevis suspension, demineralizing agent (DA), and DA plus L. brevis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate the surface micromorphology and the mineral content, respectively. The statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS SEM analysis did not highlight significant changes in the enamel microstructure of L. brevis-treated specimens compared to the control. DA-induced damage to the enamel structure was drastically reduced when the specimens were contextually exposed to the probiotic. The treatment with DA substantially reduced the weight % of crucial enamel minerals, i.e., Ca and P. Notably, the probiotic was able to reverse the demineralization process, bringing Ca and P weight % back to basal levels, including the Ca/P ratio. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that L. brevis is able to efficiently protect the dental enamel surface from the damage caused by DA and increase the enamel resistance to demineralization. Overall, L. brevis confirms its efficacy in preventing or counteracting the action of carious lesions through a novel mechanism that protects the tooth surface under a chemical challenge that mimics the caries process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Altamura
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
- Ph.D. School in Medicine and Public Health, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Rosaria Augello
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Eleonora Ortu
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Pietropaoli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Mario Giannoni
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Lombardi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Building Rita Levi Montalcini, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (F.R.A.); (E.O.); (D.P.); (F.L.)
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Ayed L, M’hir S, Nuzzolese D, Di Cagno R, Filannino P. Harnessing the Health and Techno-Functional Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review. Foods 2024; 13:1538. [PMID: 38790838 PMCID: PMC11120132 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the techno-functional properties of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) in the food industry, focusing on their potential health benefits. We discuss current findings related to the techno-functionality of LAB, which includes acidification, proteolytic and lipolytic features, and a variety of other biochemical activities. These activities include the production of antimicrobial compounds and the synthesis of exopolysaccharides that improve food safety and consumer sensory experience. LABs are also known for their antioxidant abilities, which help reduce oxidative reactions in foods and improve their functional properties. In addition, LABs' role as probiotics is known for their promising effects on gut health, immune system modulation, cholesterol control, and general wellbeing. Despite these advantages, several challenges hinder the effective production and use of probiotic LABs, such as maintaining strain viability during storage and transport as well as ensuring their efficacy in the gastrointestinal tract. Our review identifies these critical barriers and suggests avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Ayed
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LETMI), LR05ES08, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, BP 676, Tunis 1080, Tunisia;
| | - Sana M’hir
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LETMI), LR05ES08, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, BP 676, Tunis 1080, Tunisia;
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, BP 382, Beja 9000, Tunisia
| | - Domenico Nuzzolese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.N.); (P.F.)
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Filannino
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.N.); (P.F.)
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Ashique S, Mishra N, Garg A, Kumar N, Khan Z, Mohanto S, Chellappan DK, Farid A, Taghizadeh-Hesary F. A Critical Review on the Role of Probiotics in Lung Cancer Biology and Prognosis. Arch Bronconeumol 2024:S0300-2896(24)00144-3. [PMID: 38755052 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), it ranks as the second most prevalent type of cancer globally. Recent findings have highlighted bidirectional gut-lung interactions, known as the gut-lung axis, in the pathophysiology of lung cancer. Probiotics are live microorganisms that boost host immunity when consumed adequately. The immunoregulatory mechanisms of probiotics are thought to operate through the generation of various metabolites that impact both the gut and distant organs (e.g., the lungs) through blood. Several randomized controlled trials have highlighted the pivotal role of probiotics in gut health especially for the prevention and treatment of malignancies, with a specific emphasis on lung cancer. Current research indicates that probiotic supplementation positively affects patients, leading to a suppression in cancer symptoms and a shortened disease course. While clinical trials validate the therapeutic benefits of probiotics, their precise mechanism of action remains unclear. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the present landscape of probiotics in the management of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India.
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior 474005, MP, India
| | - Ashish Garg
- Guru Ramdas Khalsa Institute of Science and Technology, Pharmacy, Jabalpur, MP 483001, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Delhi-NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201204, India
| | - Zuber Khan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sarnelli G, Del Re A, Palenca I, Franzin SB, Lu J, Seguella L, Zilli A, Pesce M, Rurgo S, Esposito G, Sanseverino W, Esposito G. Intranasal administration of Escherichia coli Nissle expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces long-term immunization and prevents spike protein-mediated lung injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116441. [PMID: 38518597 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While current anti-Spike protein (SP) vaccines have been pivotal in managing the pandemic, their limitations in delivery, storage, and the inability to provide mucosal immunization (preventing infections) highlight the ongoing necessity for research and innovation. To tackle these constraints, our research group developed a bacterial-based vaccine using a non-pathogenic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) strain genetically modified to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on its surface (EcN-pAIDA1-SP). We intranasally delivered the EcN-pAIDA1-SP in two doses and checked specific IgG/IgA production as well as the key immune mediators involved in the process. Moreover, following the initial and booster vaccine doses, we exposed both immunized and non-immunized mice to intranasal delivery of SARS-CoV-2 SP to assess the effectiveness of EcN-pAIDA1-SP in protecting lung tissue from the inflammation damage. We observed detectable levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG in serum samples and IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid two weeks after the initial treatment, with peak concentrations in the respective samples on the 35th day. Moreover, immunoglobulins displayed a progressively enhanced avidity index, suggesting a selective binding to the spike protein. Finally, the pre-immunized group displayed a decrease in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, NLRP3, ILs) following SP challenge, compared to the non-immunized groups, along with better preservation of tissue morphology. Our probiotic-based technology provides an effective immunobiotic tool to protect individuals against disease and control infection spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gastroenterology, University Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy; Nextbiomics S.R.L. (Società a Responsabilità Limitata), Naples 80100, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Del Re
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
| | - Irene Palenca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
| | - Silvia Basili Franzin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
| | - Jie Lu
- Nextbiomics S.R.L. (Società a Responsabilità Limitata), Naples 80100, Italy; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Luisa Seguella
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
| | - Aurora Zilli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
| | - Marcella Pesce
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gastroenterology, University Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Sara Rurgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gastroenterology, University Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Nextbiomics S.R.L. (Società a Responsabilità Limitata), Naples 80100, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Centro Ingegneria Genetica-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a rl, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Walter Sanseverino
- Nextbiomics S.R.L. (Società a Responsabilità Limitata), Naples 80100, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Nextbiomics S.R.L. (Società a Responsabilità Limitata), Naples 80100, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy.
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Kallio S, Jian C, Korpela K, Kukkonen AK, Salonen A, Savilahti E, Kuitunen M, M de Vos W. Early-life gut microbiota associates with allergic rhinitis during 13-year follow-up in a Finnish probiotic intervention cohort. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0413523. [PMID: 38687061 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04135-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Perinatal and early-life factors reported to affect risk of allergic diseases may be mediated by changes in the gut microbiota. Here, we explored the associations between the infant gut microbiota and allergic morbidity in childhood until 13 years of age in a subgroup of the FLORA probiotic intervention cohort. A mixture of four probiotic strains with galacto-oligosaccharides was administrated to the mothers from the 36th week of the pregnancy and later to their infants until 6 months of age. The infants were monitored for the manifestations of atopic eczema, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma by a pediatrician at 2 and 5 years of age; the allergic status was subsequently verified by a questionnaire at 10 and 13 years of age. The fecal microbiota at 3 months was profiled by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region, with and without adjusting for potentially important early-life factors. Overall, the positive diagnosis for allergic rhinitis between 2 and 13 years was associated with microbiota composition both in non-adjusted and adjusted models. This association was more pronounced in children born to one parent with confirmed atopic diseases compared to those who had two atopic parents and was characterized by a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia/Shigella spp. and a higher proportion of Bacteroides. While the probiotic and galacto-oligosaccharides intervention in the entire cohort was previously shown to reduce the prevalence of eczema to a certain extent, no associations were found between the 3-month gut microbiota and childhood eczema in the studied sub-cohort.IMPORTANCEAllergic diseases have increased in prevalence during the past decades globally. Although probiotics have been considered a promising strategy for preventing certain allergy related symptoms, studies connecting the infant gut microbiota and later life allergic morbidity in various populations remain limited. The present study supports an association between the infant microbiota and allergic morbidity after first years of life, which has been rarely examined.CLINICAL TRIALSRegistered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00298337).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampo Kallio
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ching Jian
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kaarina Kukkonen
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkki Savilahti
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Kuitunen
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Raev SA, Kick MK, Chellis M, Amimo JO, Saif LJ, Vlasova AN. Histo-Blood Group Antigen-Producing Bacterial Cocktail Reduces Rotavirus A, B, and C Infection and Disease in Gnotobiotic Piglets. Viruses 2024; 16:660. [PMID: 38793542 PMCID: PMC11125826 DOI: 10.3390/v16050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The suboptimal performance of rotavirus (RV) vaccines in developing countries and in animals necessitates further research on the development of novel therapeutics and control strategies. To initiate infection, RV interacts with cell-surface O-glycans, including histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). We have previously demonstrated that certain non-pathogenic bacteria express HBGA- like substances (HBGA+) capable of binding RV particles in vitro. We hypothesized that HBGA+ bacteria can bind RV particles in the gut lumen protecting against RV species A (RVA), B (RVB), and C (RVC) infection in vivo. In this study, germ-free piglets were colonized with HBGA+ or HBGA- bacterial cocktail and infected with RVA/RVB/RVC of different genotypes. Diarrhea severity, virus shedding, immunoglobulin A (IgA) Ab titers, and cytokine levels were evaluated. Overall, colonization with HBGA+ bacteria resulted in reduced diarrhea severity and virus shedding compared to the HBGA- bacteria. Consistent with our hypothesis, the reduced severity of RV disease and infection was not associated with significant alterations in immune responses. Additionally, colonization with HBGA+ bacteria conferred beneficial effects irrespective of the piglet HBGA phenotype. These findings are the first experimental evidence that probiotic performance in vivo can be improved by including HBGA+ bacteria, providing decoy epitopes for broader/more consistent protection against diverse RVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A. Raev
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.A.R.); (M.K.K.); (M.C.); (L.J.S.)
| | - Maryssa K. Kick
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.A.R.); (M.K.K.); (M.C.); (L.J.S.)
| | - Maria Chellis
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.A.R.); (M.K.K.); (M.C.); (L.J.S.)
| | | | - Linda J. Saif
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.A.R.); (M.K.K.); (M.C.); (L.J.S.)
| | - Anastasia N. Vlasova
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.A.R.); (M.K.K.); (M.C.); (L.J.S.)
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10
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Zhu W, Bi S, Fang Z, Iddrisu L, Deng Q, Sun L, Gooneratne R. Priestia megaterium ASC-1 Isolated from Pickled Cabbage Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Degrading Uric Acid in Rats. Microorganisms 2024; 12:832. [PMID: 38674776 PMCID: PMC11052324 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pickled cabbage, a traditional fermented food rich in functional microorganisms, can effectively control hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, a Priestia megaterium ASC-1 strain with strong uric acid (UA) degradation ability was isolated from pickled cabbage. After oral administration for 15 days, ASC-1 was stably colonized in the rats in this study. ASC-1 significantly reduced UA levels (67.24%) in hyperuricemic rats. Additionally, ASC-1 alleviated hyperuricemia-related inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and blood urea nitrogen. Intestinal microbial diversity results showed that ASC-1 restored intestinal injury and gut flora dysbiosis caused by hyperuricemia. These findings suggest that P. megaterium ASC-1 may be used as a therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Siyuan Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Zhijia Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Lukman Iddrisu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Qi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Lijun Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (W.Z.); (S.B.); (L.I.); (Q.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand;
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11
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Martins E, Nascimento da Silva L, Carmo M. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in childhood diarrhea. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13205. [PMID: 38656071 PMCID: PMC11027179 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute diarrhea is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality attributed to infections in children under five years of age worldwide, with 1.7 million annual estimated cases and more than 500,000 deaths. Although hydroelectrolytic replacement is the gold standard in treating diarrhea, it does not interfere with the restoration of the intestinal microbiota. Several studies have searched for an adequate alternative in restructuring intestinal homeostasis, finding that treatments based on probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are effective, which made such treatments increasingly present in clinical practice by reducing illness duration with minimal side effects. However, there are still controversies regarding some unwanted reactions in patients. The diversity of strains and the peculiarities of the pathogens that cause diarrhea require further studies to develop effective protocols for prevention and treatment. Here, we provide a descriptive review of childhood diarrhea, emphasizing treatment with probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.M.S. Martins
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | | | - M.S. Carmo
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, MA, Brasil
- Centro Universitário Dom Bosco, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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12
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Junaid M, Lu H, Din AU, Yu B, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu K, Yan J, Qi Z. Deciphering Microbiome, Transcriptome, and Metabolic Interactions in the Presence of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Salmonella Typhimurium in a Murine Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:352. [PMID: 38667028 PMCID: PMC11047355 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a foodborne pathogen that poses significant public health risks to humans and animals, presents a formidable challenge due to its antibiotic resistance. This study explores the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus 1.3251) probiotics as an alternative strategy to combat antibiotic resistance associated with S. Typhimurium infection. In this investigation, twenty-four BALB/c mice were assigned to four groups: a non-infected, non-treated group (CNG); an infected, non-treated group (CPG); a group fed with L. acidophilus but not infected (LAG); and a group fed with L. acidophilus and challenged with Salmonella (LAST). The results revealed a reduction in Salmonella levels in the feces of mice, along with restored weight and improved overall health in the LAST compared to the CPG. The feeding of L. acidophilus was found to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA induced by Salmonella while upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it influenced the expression of mRNA transcript, encoding tight junction protein, oxidative stress-induced enzymes, and apoptosis-related mRNA expression. Furthermore, the LEfSe analysis demonstrated a significant shift in the abundance of critical commensal genera in the LAST, essential for maintaining gut homeostasis, metabolic reactions, anti-inflammatory responses, and butyrate production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 2173 upregulated and 506 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the LAST vs. the CPG. Functional analysis of these DEGs highlighted their involvement in immunity, metabolism, and cellular development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated their role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), chemokine, Forkhead box O (FOXO), and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Moreover, the fecal metabolomic analysis identified 929 differential metabolites, with enrichment observed in valine, leucine, isoleucine, taurine, glycine, and other metabolites. These findings suggest that supplementation with L. acidophilus promotes the growth of beneficial commensal genera while mitigating Salmonella-induced intestinal disruption by modulating immunity, gut homeostasis, gut barrier integrity, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefei Liu
- Tianjin Shengji Group., Co., Ltd., No. 2, Hai Tai Development 2nd Road, Huayuan Industrial Zone, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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13
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Narayanan R, T R K. In vitro analysis on the adhesion potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum from infant faeces and its gastrointestinal localization, growth promotion, and immunomodulation in Wistar rats: a preliminary study. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae034. [PMID: 38565315 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria, found in heterogenous niches, are known for their health-endorsing properties and are in demand as prospective probiotics. Hence, the scientific community around the globe is in continuous search for novel and new potential strains with extensive applicability and minimum risk. In this context, the present study evaluated the efficiency of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (P2F2) of human origin, a highly autoaggregating and coaggregating (with pathogens) strain, for its colonization, growth promotion, and immunomodulation. Results indicated moderate hydrophobicity on adhesion to xylene and n-hexadecane and weak electron-donating properties with chloroform. The biofilm of P2F2 formed on polystyrene was strong and highly correlated to exopolysaccharide production. The autoaggregation was moderately correlated with hydrophobicity and biofilm production. It was noted that the P2F2 strain modulated the gut microbiota and increased intestinal villi length in Wistar rats. The lipid and glucose profiles remained intact. P2F2 treatment increased the activity of reactive oxygen species-generating cells in the peritoneal cavity, besides augmenting the mitogen-induced splenocyte proliferation and maintained the immunoglobulins at the normal level. Results from this study conclusively suggest that the strain P2F2 adheres to the intestine and modulates the gut ecosystem besides enhancing cell-mediated immunity without altering the serological parameters tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhie Narayanan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Keerthi T R
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
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14
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Yu S, Xie J, Guo Q, Yan X, Wang Y, Leng T, Li L, Zhou J, Zhang W, Su X. Clostridium butyricum isolated from giant panda can attenuate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361945. [PMID: 38646621 PMCID: PMC11027743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Probiotics are beneficial to the intestinal barrier, but few studies have investigated probiotics from giant pandas. This study aims to explore the preventive effects of giant panda-derived Clostridium butyricum on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Methods Clostridium butyricum was administered to mice 14 days before administering DSS treatment to induce enteritis. Results Clostridium butyricum B14 could more effectively prevent colitis in mice than C. butyricum B13. C. butyricum B14 protected the mouse colon by decreasing the histology index and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, which improved intestinal inflammation-related symptoms. In addition, the treatment led to the regulation of the expression of Tifa, Igkv12-89, and Nr1d1, which in turn inhibited immune pathways. The expression of Muc4, Lama3, Cldn4, Cldn3, Ocln, Zo1, Zo2, and Snai is related the intestinal mucosal barrier. 16S sequencing shows that the C. butyricum B14 significantly increased the abundance of certain intestinal probiotics. Overall, C. butyricum B14 exerted a preventive effect on colitis in mice by inhibiting immune responses, enhancing the intestinal barrier and increasing the abundance of probiotic species. Thus, C. butyricum B14 administration helps regulate the balance of the intestinal microecology. It can suppress immune pathways and enhance barrier-protective proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Yu
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Junjin Xie
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Tangjian Leng
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Jielong Zhou
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
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15
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Junaid M, Lu H, Li Y, Liu Y, Din AU, Qi Z, Xiong Y, Yan J. Novel Synergistic Probiotic Intervention: Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Ameliorative Effects on Immunity, Gut Barrier, and Metabolism of Mice during Salmonella typhimurium Infection. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:435. [PMID: 38674370 PMCID: PMC11050207 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), a prevalent cause of foodborne infection, induces significant changes in the host transcriptome and metabolome. The lack of therapeutics with minimal or no side effects prompts the scientific community to explore alternative therapies. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of a probiotic mixture comprising Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus 1.3251) and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum 9513) against S. typhimurium, utilizing transcriptome and metabolomic analyses, a novel approach that has not been previously documented. Twenty-four SPF-BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: control negative group (CNG); positive control group (CPG); probiotic-supplemented non-challenged group (LAPG); and probiotic-supplemented Salmonella-challenged group (LAPST). An RNA-sequencing analysis of small intestinal (ileum) tissue revealed 2907 upregulated and 394 downregulated DEGs in the LAPST vs. CPG group. A functional analysis of DEGs highlighted their significantly altered gene ontology (GO) terms related to metabolism, gut integrity, cellular development, and immunity (p ≤ 0.05). The KEGG analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the LAPST group were primarily involved in pathways related to gut integrity, immunity, and metabolism, such as MAPK, PI3K-Akt, AMPK, the tryptophan metabolism, the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, ECM-receptor interaction, and others. Additionally, the fecal metabolic analysis identified 1215 upregulated and 305 downregulated metabolites in the LAPST vs. CPG group, implying their involvement in KEGG pathways including bile secretion, propanoate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and protein digestion and absorption, which are vital for maintaining barrier integrity, immunity, and metabolism. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the administration of a probiotic mixture improves immunity, maintains gut homeostasis and barrier integrity, and enhances metabolism in Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yixiang Li
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yi Xiong
- Guangxi Center for Animals Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (M.J.); (H.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
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16
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Baskerville R, Castell L, Bermon S. Sports and Immunity, from the recreational to the elite athlete. Infect Dis Now 2024:104893. [PMID: 38531477 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The pivotal role of the immune system in physical activity is well-established. While interactions are complex, they tend to constitute discrete immune responses. Moderate intensity exercise causes leukocytosis with a mild anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and immunoenhancement. Above a threshold of intensity, lactate-mediated IL-6 release causes a proinflammatory state followed by a depressed inflammatory state, which stimulates immune adaptation and longer term cardiometabolic enhancement. Exercise-related immune responses are modulated by sex, age and immunonutrition. At all ability levels, these factors collectively affect the immune balance between enhancement or overload and dysfunction. Excessive training, mental stress or insufficient recovery risks immune cell exhaustion and hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) stress responses causing immunodepression with negative impacts on performance or general health. Participation in sport provides additional immune benefits in terms of ensuring regularity, social inclusion, mental well-being and healthier life choices in terms of diet and reduced smoking and alcohol, thereby consolidating healthy lifestyles and longer term health. Significant differences exist between recreational and professional athletes in terms of inherent characteristics, training resilience and additional stresses arising from competition schedules, travel-related infections and stress. Exercise immunology examines the central role of immunity in exercise physiology and straddles multiple disciplines ranging from neuroendocrinology to nutrition and genetics, with the aim of guiding athletes to train optimally and safely. This review provides a brief outline of the main interactions of immunity and exercise, some influencing factors, and current guidance on maintaining immune health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Castell
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stéphane Bermon
- World Athletics Health and Science Department, Monaco and LAMHESS, University Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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17
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Akinsemolu AA, Onyeaka H, Odion S, Adebanjo I. Exploring Bacillus subtilis: Ecology, biotechnological applications, and future prospects. J Basic Microbiol 2024:e202300614. [PMID: 38507723 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
From its early identification by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg to its current prominence in scientific research, Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) has emerged as a foundational model organism in microbiology. This comprehensive review delves deep into its genetic, physiological, and biochemical intricacies, revealing a sophisticated cellular blueprint. With the incorporation of advanced techniques such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 and integrative computational methodologies, the potential applications of B. subtilis span diverse sectors. These encompass its significant contributions to biotechnology, agriculture, and medical fields and its potential for aiding environmental cleanup efforts. Yet, as we move forward, we must grapple with concerns related to safety, ethics, and the practical implementation of our lab findings in everyday scenarios. As our understanding of B. subtilis deepens, it is evident that its contributions will be central to pioneering sustainable solutions for global challenges in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenike A Akinsemolu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- The Green Microbiology Lab, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- The Green Microbiology Lab, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Odion
- The Green Microbiology Lab, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- The Green Institute, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Idris Adebanjo
- The Green Microbiology Lab, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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18
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Lu X, Shi Z, Jiang L, Zhang S. Maternal gut microbiota in the health of mothers and offspring: from the perspective of immunology. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362784. [PMID: 38545107 PMCID: PMC10965710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the physiological alteration during pregnancy, maternal gut microbiota changes following the metabolic processes. Recent studies have revealed that maternal gut microbiota is closely associated with the immune microenvironment in utero during pregnancy and plays a vital role in specific pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth and recurrent miscarriages. Some other evidence has also shown that aberrant maternal gut microbiota increases the risk of various diseases in the offspring, such as allergic and neurodevelopmental disorders, through the immune alignment between mother and fetus and the possible intrauterine microbiota. Probiotics and the high-fiber diet are effective inventions to prevent mothers and fetuses from diseases. In this review, we summarize the role of maternal gut microbiota in the development of pregnancy complications and the health condition of future generations from the perspective of immunology, which may provide new therapeutic strategies for the health management of mothers and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction, Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction, Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction, Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Fan J, Zhang Y, Zuo M, Ding S, Li J, Feng S, Xiao Y, Tao S. Novel mechanism by which extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus murinus alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier disruption. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108525. [PMID: 38408410 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common environmental pollutant that poses a serious health risk to humans worldwide. This study was aim to explore whether gut microbiota is involved in DON-induced intestinal toxicity as well as to reveal effect of probiotics derived from gut microbiota in protecting intestinal barrier and to elucidate mechanism. We found that DON caused disturbed gut microbiota, particularly Lactobacillus murinus (L. murinus) deficiency. DON enhanced M1 macrophage polarization and decreased tight junction protein expression. Microbiota transplantation experiments showed that transfer of DON-disrupted microbiota to healthy mice resulted in delivery of DON-induced intestinal toxicity. Besides, DON lost its damaging effect on macrophage and intestinal barrier in antibiotic-treated mice. Further intervention experiments revealed that L. murinus induce macrophage conversion from M1 to M2 phenotype through secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) to alleviate DON-induced intestinal barrier disruption. Mechanistically, EVs activate TLR2 to promote M2 macrophage polarization and release IL-10, which in turn enhances intestinal barrier function. Upon successful translation of its efficacy into clinical practice, EVs created from L. murinus could be a novel possible treatment strategy for DON-induced gut disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Fan
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Minyu Zuo
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shixuan Ding
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shengkai Feng
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Shiyu Tao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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20
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Dikbaş N, Orman YC, Alım Ş, Uçar S, Tülek A. Evaluating Enterococcus faecium9 N-2 as a probiotic candidate from traditional village white cheese. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1847-1856. [PMID: 38455208 PMCID: PMC10916548 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, various functional and probiotic attributes of the Enterococcus faecium 9 N-2 strain isolated from village-style white cheese were characterized, while also assessing its safety. To achieve this, we conducted an in vitro analysis of several key probiotic properties exhibited by the 9 N-2 strain. Notably, this strain demonstrated robust resilience to low pH, high bile salt concentrations, lysozyme, pepsin, pancreatin, and phenol. Furthermore, this strain displayed exceptional auto-aggregation capabilities and moderate co-aggregation tendencies when interacting with Escherichia coli. The cell-free supernatant derived from strain 9 N-2 exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens. The strain exhibited resistance to gentamicin, meropenem, and bacitracin, while remaining susceptible to vancomycin and various other antibiotics. Furthermore, it was found that E. faecium 9 N-2 possessed the capacity to produce the phytase enzyme. When all the results of this study are evaluated, it is thought that 9 N-2 strain has superior probiotic properties, and therefore it can be used as probiotic in food, medicine, and animal feed in the future. In addition, further in vivo tests should be performed to fully understand its effects and mechanisms of action and to confirm its safety and probiotic effects. Further research and clinical trials are also needed to identify new strains with potential probiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Dikbaş
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Yusuf Can Orman
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Şeyma Alım
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Sevda Uçar
- Department of Herbal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologySivas Science and Technology UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Ahmet Tülek
- Department of Bioengineering and SciencesIğdır UniversityIğdırTurkey
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21
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Mushtaq M, Ali B, Ali M, BiBi N, Raut R, Suliman GM, Swelum AA. Different levels of single-strain probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) with proteolytic enzyme (serratiopeptidase) can be used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103400. [PMID: 38295498 PMCID: PMC10844863 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the proteolytic enzyme (serratiopeptidase) was used to enhance the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) probiotic as a growth promotor in broiler chicken. The effects of serratiopeptidase on the efficacy of different levels of B. subtilis as a growth promotor in broiler chicks were evaluated regarding growth performance traits, villus histomorphometric characterization, and intestinal microbiota count. Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were allocated into 4 groups having 3 replicates/group. In the control group (C), the basal diet was kept without supplementation. In treatment groups (P100, P150, and P200), the basal diet was supplemented with 100, 150, and 200 mg probiotics, respectively besides 30 mg proteolytic enzyme in the 3 treated groups for 4 wk. The performance parameters were significantly affected by the supplementation of serratiopeptidase to the B. subtilis treatment groups. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and dressing percent were significantly improved in the treatment groups as compared to the control group. Significantly, the lowest feed intake was recorded for the P200 group. The highest body weight gain and dressing percentage were recorded for the P200 group. An improved FCR was recorded in the P200 group (1.7) as compared to the control group. The different levels of B. subtilis supplemented with serratiopeptidase revealed significant improvements (P<0.05) in the morphology of the intestine by showing increases in villus height and width and crypt depth of the small intestine. The microbial count revealed that E. coli and salmonella colonies were significantly reduced in the P200 group as compared to the control and other treatment groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of B. subtilis with serratiopeptidase as a growth promoter in broiler chicks significantly improved the overall performance, and intestinal health and reduced microbial load contributing to optimizing the performance of broiler chickens. The greatest improvement was observed in the P200 group fed with B. subtilis as a probiotic and serratiopeptidase enzyme (200 mg:30 mg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mushtaq
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Baseerat Ali
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Majid Ali
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Neelam BiBi
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Rabin Raut
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 3720 USA
| | - Gamaleldin M Suliman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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22
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Wheeler AE, Stoeger V, Owens RM. Lab-on-chip technologies for exploring the gut-immune axis in metabolic disease. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1266-1292. [PMID: 38226866 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The continued rise in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus poses a global health burden, necessitating further research into factors implicated in the onset and progression of these diseases. Recently, the gut-immune axis, with diet as a main regulator, has been identified as a possible role player in their development. Translation of conventional 2D in vitro and animal models is however limited, while human studies are expensive and preclude individual mechanisms from being investigated. Lab-on-chip technology therefore offers an attractive new avenue to study gut-immune interactions. This review provides an overview of the influence of diet on gut-immune interactions in metabolic diseases and a critical analysis of the current state of lab-on-chip technology to study this axis. While there has been progress in the development of "immuno-competent" intestinal lab-on-chip models, with studies showing the ability of the technology to provide mechanical cues, support longer-term co-culture of microbiota and maintain in vivo-like oxygen gradients, platforms which combine all three and include intestinal and immune cells are still lacking. Further, immune cell types and inclusion of microenvironment conditions which enable in vivo-like immune cell dynamics as well as host-microbiome interactions are limited. Future model development should focus on combining these conditions to create an environment capable of hosting more complex microbiota and immune cells to allow further study into the effects of diet and related metabolites on the gut-immune ecosystem and their role in the prevention and development of metabolic diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Wheeler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Verena Stoeger
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK.
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23
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Soni J, Sinha S, Pandey R. Understanding bacterial pathogenicity: a closer look at the journey of harmful microbes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1370818. [PMID: 38444801 PMCID: PMC10912505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1370818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are the most prevalent form of microorganisms and are classified into two categories based on their mode of existence: intracellular and extracellular. While most bacteria are beneficial to human health, others are pathogenic and can cause mild to severe infections. These bacteria use various mechanisms to evade host immunity and cause diseases in humans. The susceptibility of a host to bacterial infection depends on the effectiveness of the immune system, overall health, and genetic factors. Malnutrition, chronic illnesses, and age-related vulnerabilities are the additional confounders to disease severity phenotypes. The impact of bacterial pathogens on public health includes the transmission of these pathogens from healthcare facilities, which contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. To identify the most significant threats to public health, it is crucial to understand the global burden of common bacterial pathogens and their pathogenicity. This knowledge is required to improve immunization rates, improve the effectiveness of vaccines, and consider the impact of antimicrobial resistance when assessing the situation. Many bacteria have developed antimicrobial resistance, which has significant implications for infectious diseases and favors the survival of resilient microorganisms. This review emphasizes the significance of understanding the bacterial pathogens that cause this health threat on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Soni
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sristi Sinha
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, Integrative Genomics of Host Pathogen Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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24
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Peng Z, Wang D, He Y, Wei Z, Xie M, Xiong T. Gut Distribution, Impact Factor, and Action Mechanism of Bacteriocin-Producing Beneficial Microbes as Promising Antimicrobial Agents in Gastrointestinal Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10222-6. [PMID: 38319538 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) infection by intestinal pathogens poses great threats to human health, and the therapeutic use of antibiotics has reached a bottleneck due to drug resistance. The developments of antimicrobial peptides produced by beneficial bacteria have drawn attention by virtue of effective, safe, and not prone to developing resistance. Though bacteriocin as antimicrobial agent in gut infection has been intensively investigated and reviewed, reviews on that of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes are very rare. It is important to explicitly state the prospect of bacteriocin-producing microbes in prevention of gastrointestinal infection towards their application in host. This review discusses the potential of gut as an appropriate resource for mining targeted bacteriocin-producing microbes. Then, host-related factors affecting the bacteriocin production and activity of bacteriocin-producing microbes in the gut are summarized. Accordingly, the multiple mechanisms (direct inhibition and indirect inhibition) behind the preventive effects of bacteriocin-producing microbes on gut infection are discussed. Finally, we propose several targeted strategies for the manipulation of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes to improve their performance in antimicrobial outcomes. We anticipate an upcoming emergence of developments and applications of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes as antimicrobial agent in gut infection induced by pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Peng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Donglin Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuyan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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25
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Efremova I, Maslennikov R, Zharkova M, Poluektova E, Benuni N, Kotusov A, Demina T, Ivleva A, Adzhieva F, Krylova T, Ivashkin V. Efficacy and Safety of a Probiotic Containing Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Decompensated Cirrhosis: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:919. [PMID: 38337613 PMCID: PMC10856456 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. (2) Methods: This was a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. (3) Results: After 3 months of treatment, SIBO was absent in 80.0% of patients in the probiotic group and in 23.1% of patients in the placebo group (p = 0.002). The patients with eliminated SIBO had decreased frequency of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, the increased platelets and albumin levels, the decreased blood levels of total bilirubin, biomarkers of bacterial translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein), and positive changes in markers of hyperdynamic circulation compared with the state at inclusion. There were no significant changes in the claudin 3 level (the intestinal barrier biomarker) in these patients. No significant changes were observed in the group of patients with persistent SIBO. The serum level of nitrate (endothelial dysfunction biomarker) was lower in patients with eradicated SIBO than in patients with persistent SIBO. One (5.3%) patient with eradicated SIBO and six (42.9%) patients with persistent SIBO died within the first year of follow-up (p = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: SIBO eradication was an independent predictor of a favorable prognosis during the first year of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Efremova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Roman Maslennikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- The Interregional Public Organization “Scientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical Study of the Human Microbiome”, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Maria Zharkova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Elena Poluektova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
- The Interregional Public Organization “Scientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical Study of the Human Microbiome”, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Nona Benuni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Aleksandr Kotusov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Tatyana Demina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Ivleva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Farida Adzhieva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Taisiya Krylova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Vladimir Ivashkin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119992, Russia (M.Z.); (E.P.); (N.B.); (A.K.); (A.I.); (T.K.)
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26
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Tavanaeian S, Feizabadi MM. Probiotics: truths and illusions. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:1-3. [PMID: 38682066 PMCID: PMC11055431 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i1.14865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The Article Abstract is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogol Tavanaeian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
- Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Spalinger MR, Scharl M. Microbiota Manipulation as an Emerging Concept in Cancer Therapy. Visc Med 2024; 40:2-11. [PMID: 38312366 PMCID: PMC10836949 DOI: 10.1159/000534810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The human body is colonized by billions of bacteria that provide nutrients to the host, train our immune system, and importantly affect our heath. It has long been suggested that microbes might play a role in tumor pathogenesis; however, compelling evidence was only provided in the past decades when novel detection methods that do not depend on culturing techniques had been developed. Summary The microbiome impacts tumor development and anti-tumor therapies on various levels. Bacteria can promote or suppress tumor growth via direct interactions with cancer cells, production of metabolites that promote or inhibit tumor growth, and via stimulation or suppression of the local and systemic immune response. Cancer patients harbor a distinct microbiome when compared to healthy controls, which could potentially be employed to detect, identify, and treat cancer. Manipulation of the microbiome either via supplementation of single strains, bacterial consortia, fecal microbiota transfer or the use of pre- and probiotics has been suggested as therapeutic approach to directly target tumor growth or to enhance the efficacy of current state-of-the-art treatment options. Key Messages (1) Bacteria have a tremendous impact on anti-cancer immune responses. (2) Cancer patients harbor a distinct microbiome when compared to healthy controls. (3) The microbiome seems to be cancer-type specific. (4) Exploitation of bacteria to promote anti-tumor therapy is a novel, very promising venue in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Cappellucci G, Baini G, Miraldi E, Pauletto L, De Togni H, Raso F, Biagi M. Investigation on the Efficacy of Two Food Supplements Containing a Fixed Combination of Selected Probiotics and β-Glucans or Elderberry Extract for the Immune System: Modulation on Cytokines Expression in Human THP-1 and PBMC. Foods 2024; 13:458. [PMID: 38338593 PMCID: PMC10855234 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Several herbal and other natural products are used as ingredients in food supplements to strengthen immunity even if, very often, marketed products are proposed without a clear rationale or experimental evidence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect on human monocytes (THP-1) and on ex vivo human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of two formulations, one containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04® with β-glucans (for adults) and one containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 with elderberry extract (for children). We compared formulations with single ingredients, with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the drug pidotimod; cytokines expression level was evaluated testing different concentrations of samples at two exposure times. As expected, LPS caused a non-specific huge upregulation of cytokines expression both in THP-1 and in PBMC, whereas pidotimod mainly upregulated IL-2 in PBMC and IL-8 in THP-1. The two formulations showed a difference between a pro-inflammatory stimulus such as LPS, and also from an immunostimulant drug, such as pidotimod, as they mainly upregulated the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in PBMC but not in THP-1, in a concentration-dependent mode. Probiotics were shown to play a major role, but β-glucans and elderberry extract exerted a synergistic activity. This work demonstrated that combining selected probiotics with other natural products having immunomodulatory properties is an interesting strategy to develop innovative formulations in the sector of food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Cappellucci
- Department of Physics, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (G.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Giulia Baini
- Department of Physics, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (G.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Miraldi
- Department of Physics, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.C.); (G.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Lara Pauletto
- Scientific Affairs Department Schwabe Pharma Italia, 39044 Egna, Italy; (L.P.); (H.D.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Heide De Togni
- Scientific Affairs Department Schwabe Pharma Italia, 39044 Egna, Italy; (L.P.); (H.D.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Floriana Raso
- Scientific Affairs Department Schwabe Pharma Italia, 39044 Egna, Italy; (L.P.); (H.D.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Marco Biagi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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29
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Skoufou M, Tsigalou C, Vradelis S, Bezirtzoglou E. The Networked Interaction between Probiotics and Intestine in Health and Disease: A Promising Success Story. Microorganisms 2024; 12:194. [PMID: 38258020 PMCID: PMC10818559 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are known to promote human health either precautionary in healthy individuals or therapeutically in patients suffering from certain ailments. Although this knowledge was empirical in past tomes, modern science has already verified it and expanded it to new limits. These microorganisms can be found in nature in various foods such as dairy products or in supplements formulated for clinical or preventive use. The current review examines the different mechanisms of action of the probiotic strains and how they interact with the organism of the host. Emphasis is put on the clinical therapeutic use of these beneficial microorganisms in various clinical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and particularly any malfunction and inflammation of the intestines seriously compromise the health of the whole organism. The interaction between the probiotic strains and the host's microbiota can alleviate the clinical signs and symptoms while in some cases, in due course, it can intervene in the underlying pathology. Various safety issues of the use of probiotics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Skoufou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Proctology Department, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Christina Tsigalou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stergios Vradelis
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Department of Gastrenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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30
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Głowienka-Stodolak M, Bagińska-Drabiuk K, Szubert S, Hennig EE, Horala A, Dąbrowska M, Micek M, Ciebiera M, Zeber-Lubecka N. Human Papillomavirus Infections and the Role Played by Cervical and Cervico-Vaginal Microbiota-Evidence from Next-Generation Sequencing Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:399. [PMID: 38254888 PMCID: PMC10814012 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review encompasses studies examining changes in the cervical and cervico-vaginal microbiota (CM and CVM) in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. HPV infection remains a prominent global health concern, with a spectrum of manifestations, from benign lesions to life-threatening cervical cancers. The CM and CVM, a unique collection of microorganisms inhabiting the cervix/vagina, has emerged as a critical player in cervical health. Recent research has indicated that disruptions in the CM and CVM, characterized by a decrease in Lactobacillus and the overgrowth of other bacteria, might increase the risk of HPV persistence and the progression of cervical abnormalities. This alteration in the CM or CVM has been linked to a higher likelihood of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia. NGS technology has revolutionized the study of the cervical microbiome, providing insights into microbial diversity, dynamics, and taxonomic classifications. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, has proven invaluable in characterizing the cervical microbiome, shedding light on its role in HPV infections and paving the way for more tailored strategies to combat cervical diseases. NGS-based studies offer personalized insights into an individual's cervical microbiome. This knowledge holds promise for the development of novel diagnostic tools, targeted therapies, and preventive interventions for cervix-related conditions, including cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Głowienka-Stodolak
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Bagińska-Drabiuk
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Sebastian Szubert
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ewa E. Hennig
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Horala
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Michalina Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Martyna Micek
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.C.)
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.C.)
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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Kato K, Arai S, Sato S, Iwabuchi N, Takara T, Tanaka M. Effects of Heat-Killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MCC1849 on Immune Parameters in Healthy Adults-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:216. [PMID: 38257109 PMCID: PMC10821487 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous clinical studies have shown that heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MCC1849 suppresses subjective symptoms among healthy adults. However, the mechanism underlying this beneficial effect remains unclear. This clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of MCC1849 on immune functions in humans. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, 100 healthy adults were randomly divided into MCC1849 or placebo groups. Participants ingested test powder with 5 × 1010 MCC1849 cells or placebo powder for 4 weeks. Immune functions were evaluated using expression levels of CD86 and HLA-DR on dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, and natural killer cells. The expression levels of interferon (IFN)-α, -β, and -γ in peripheral blood mononuclear cells incubated with Cpg2216 in vitro were quantified. Efficacy analysis was performed on participants in the per-protocol set (placebo group; n = 47, MCC1849 group; n = 49). The expression level of CD86 on pDCs and the gene expression levels of IFN-α, -β, and -γ upon TLR9 agonist stimulation were significantly higher in the MCC1849 group at 4 weeks. No side effects were observed. This is the first report to show the positive effects of MCC1849 on human immune cells. These findings reveal one possible mechanism of how MCC1849 suppresses subjective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Kato
- Innovative Research Institute, R&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Innovative Research Institute, R&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sato
- Innovative Research Institute, R&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Iwabuchi
- Innovative Research Institute, R&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takara
- Medical Corporation Seishinkai, Takara Clinic, 2-3-2-9, Higashigotanda, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0022, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tanaka
- Innovative Research Institute, R&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan
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Pezzino S, Sofia M, Mazzone C, Litrico G, Agosta M, La Greca G, Latteri S. Exploring public interest in gut microbiome dysbiosis, NAFLD, and probiotics using Google Trends. Sci Rep 2024; 14:799. [PMID: 38191502 PMCID: PMC10774379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific interest related to the role of gut microbiome dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has now been established and is constantly growing. Therefore, balancing dysbiosis, through probiotics, would be a potential therapy. In addition to scientific interest, on the other hand, it is important to evaluate the interest in these topics among the population. This study aimed to analyze, temporally and geographically, the public's interest in gut microbiome dysbiosis, NAFLD, and the use of gut probiotics. The most widely used free tool for analyzing online behavior is Google Trends. Using Google Trends data, we have analyzed worldwide volume searches for the terms "gut microbiome", "dysbiosis", "NAFLD" and "gut probiotic" for the period from 1, January 2007 to 31 December 2022. Google's relative search volume (RSV) was collected for all terms and analyzed temporally and geographically. The RSV for the term "gut microbiome" has a growth rate of more than 1400% followed, by "gut probiotics" (829%), NAFLD (795%), and "dysbiosis" (267%) from 2007 to 2012. In Australia and New Zealand, we found the highest RSV score for the term "dysbiosis" and "gut probiotics". Moreover, we found the highest RSV score for the term "NAFLD" in the three countries: South Korea, Singapore, and the Philippines. Google Trends analysis showed that people all over the world are interested in and aware of gut microbiome dysbiosis, NAFLD, and the use of gut probiotics. These data change over time and have a geographical distribution that could reflect the epidemiological worldwide condition of NAFLD and the state of the probiotic market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pezzino
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazzone
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgia Litrico
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Agosta
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Greca
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Pandey RP, Gunjan, Himanshu, Mukherjee R, Chang CM. Nanocarrier-mediated probiotic delivery: a systematic meta-analysis assessing the biological effects. Sci Rep 2024; 14:631. [PMID: 38182678 PMCID: PMC10770044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have gained a significant attention as a promising way to improve gut health and overall well-being. The increasing recognition of the potential health advantages associated with functional food products, leading to a specific emphasis on co-encapsulating probiotic bacteria and bioactive compounds within a unified matrix. To further explore this concept, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of probiotics encapsulated in nanoparticles. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, encompassing 10 papers published from 2017 to 2022, focusing on the encapsulation of probiotics within nanoparticles and their viability in various gastrointestinal conditions. The selection of these papers was based on their direct relevance to the research topic. Random-effect models were used to aggregate study-specific risk estimates. In the majority of studies, it was observed that nano-encapsulated nanoparticles showed improved viability over time compared to their free state counterparts. At various time intervals, the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using fixed and random effect models. At 0 min, the OR (95%CI) was 2.79 (2.79; 2.80) and 2.38 (2.14; 2.64) for. At 30 and 60 min observation was at similar rate of 2.23 (2.23; 2.24) and 2.05 (1.73; 2.43). However, at 90 min it was 1.39 (1.39; 1.39) and 1.66 (1.29; 2.14) and at 120 min 2.41 (2.41; 2.42) and 2.03 (1.63; 2.52). Overall evaluation of encapsulation revealed an improvement in probiotic bacterial viability in simulated the gastrointestinal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramendra Pati Pandey
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SOHST), UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Gunjan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Master & Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Himanshu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Master & Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Riya Mukherjee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Master & Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan city 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
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Kim WJ, Kil BJ, Lee C, Kim TY, Han G, Choi Y, Kim K, Shin CH, Park SY, Kim H, Kim M, Huh CS. B. longum CKD1 enhances the efficacy of anti-diabetic medicines through upregulation of IL- 22 response in type 2 diabetic mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2319889. [PMID: 38391178 PMCID: PMC10896159 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2319889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in metabolic disorders, notably type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we investigated the synergistic potential of combining the effects of Bifidobacterium longum NBM7-1 (CKD1) with anti-diabetic medicines, LobeglitazoneⓇ (LO), SitagliptinⓇ (SI), and MetforminⓇ (Met), to alleviate hyperglycemia in a diabetic mouse model. CKD1 effectively mitigated insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and enhanced pancreatic β-cell function, as well as fortifying gut-tight junction integrity. In the same way, SI-CKD1 and Met- CKD1 synergistically improved insulin sensitivity and prevented hepatic steatosis, as evidenced by the modulation of key genes associated with insulin signaling, β-oxidation, gluconeogenesis, adipogenesis, and inflammation by qRT-PCR. The comprehensive impact on modulating gut microbiota composition was observed, particularly when combined with MetforminⓇ. This combination induced an increase in the abundance of Rikenellaceae and Alistipes related negatively to the T2DM incidence while reducing the causative species of Cryptosporangium, Staphylococcaceae, and Muribaculaceae. These alterations intervene in gut microbiota metabolites to modulate the level of butyrate, indole-3-acetic acid, propionate, and inflammatory cytokines and to activate the IL-22 pathway. However, it is meaningful that the combination of B. longum NBM7-1(CKD1) reduced the medicines' dose to the level of the maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50). This study advances our understanding of the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic disorders. We expect this study to contribute to developing a prospective therapeutic strategy modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bum Ju Kil
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chaewon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Goeun Han
- Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Yukyung Choi
- Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Co Ltd, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwan Kim
- Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Co Ltd, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Chang Hun Shin
- Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Bio Co Ltd, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Young Park
- Institute of Green-Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
| | - Heebal Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myunghoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Chul Sung Huh
- Institute of Green-Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Nezamdoost-Sani N, Khaledabad MA, Amiri S, Phimolsiripol Y, Mousavi Khaneghah A. A comprehensive review on the utilization of biopolymer hydrogels to encapsulate and protect probiotics in foods. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127907. [PMID: 37935287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics must survive in foods and passage through the human mouth, stomach, and small intestine to reach the colon in a viable state and exhibit their beneficial health effects. Probiotic viability can be improved by encapsulating them inside hydrogel-based delivery systems. These systems typically comprise a 3D network of cross-linked polymers that retain large amounts of water within their pores. This study discussed the stability of probiotics and morphology of hydrogel beads after encapsulation, encapsulation efficiency, utilization of natural polymers, and encapsulation mechanisms. Examples of the application of these hydrogel-based delivery systems are then given. These studies show that encapsulation of probiotics in hydrogels can improve their viability, provide favorable conditions in the food matrix, and control their release for efficient colonization in the large intestine. Finally, we highlight areas where future research is required, such as the large-scale production of encapsulated probiotics and the in vivo testing of their efficacy using animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Nezamdoost-Sani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Saber Amiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | | | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
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Prajapati N, Patel J, Singh S, Yadav VK, Joshi C, Patani A, Prajapati D, Sahoo DK, Patel A. Postbiotic production: harnessing the power of microbial metabolites for health applications. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1306192. [PMID: 38169918 PMCID: PMC10758465 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1306192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics, which are bioactive substances derived from the metabolic processes of beneficial microbes, have received considerable attention in the field of microbiome science in recent years, presenting a promising path for exploration and innovation. This comprehensive analysis looks into the multidimensional terrain of postbiotic production, including an extensive examination of diverse postbiotic classes, revealing their sophisticated mechanisms of action and highlighting future applications that might significantly affect human health. The authors thoroughly investigate the various mechanisms that support postbiotic production, ranging from conventional fermentation procedures to cutting-edge enzyme conversion and synthetic biology approaches. The review, as an acknowledgment of the field's developing nature, not only highlights current achievements but also navigates through the problems inherent in postbiotic production. In order to successfully include postbiotics in therapeutic interventions and the production of functional food ingredients, emphasis is given to critical elements, including improving yields, bolstering stability, and assuring safety. The knowledge presented herein sheds light on the expanding field of postbiotics and their potential to revolutionize the development of novel therapeutics and functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Prajapati
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinil Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Energy and Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Chinmayi Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anil Patani
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Dharmendra Prajapati
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India
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Shao Y, Wu X, Yu Z, Li M, Sheng T, Wang Z, Tu J, Song X, Qi K. Gut Microbiome Analysis and Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Probiotic Potential in Anhui Swine. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3812. [PMID: 38136849 PMCID: PMC10741066 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the widespread promotion of the green feeding concept of "substitution and resistance", there is a pressing need for alternative products in feed and breeding industries. Employing lactic acid bacteria represents one of the most promising antimicrobial strategies to combat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria. As such, we analyzed the intestinal tract of Anhui local pig breeds, including LiuBai Pig, YueHei Pig, and HuoShou Pig, to determine the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA. Further, the functionality of the pigs' intestinal microbiota was studied through metagenomic sequencing. This study revealed that lactic acid bacteria were the primary contributors to the functional composition, as determined through a species functional contribution analysis. More specifically, the functional contribution of lactic acid bacteria in the HuoShou Pig group was higher than that of the LiuBai Pig and YueHei Pig. Subsequently, the intestinal contents of the HuoShou Pig group were selected for the screening of the dominant lactic acid bacteria strains. Out of eight strains of lactic acid bacteria, the acid-production capacity, growth curve, and tolerance to a simulated intestinal environment were assessed. Additional assessments included surface hydrophobicity, the self-aggregation capability, co-agglutination of lactic acid bacteria with pathogenic bacteria, and an in vitro bacteriostatic activity assay. Lactobacillus johnsonii L5 and Lactobacillus reuteri L8 were identified as having a strong overall performance. These findings serve as a theoretical basis for the further development of pig-derived probiotics, thereby promoting the application of lactic acid bacteria to livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhaorong Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tingting Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.S.); (X.W.); (Z.Y.); (M.L.); (T.S.); (Z.W.); (J.T.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Bowen J, Cross C. The Role of the Innate Immune Response in Oral Mucositis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16314. [PMID: 38003503 PMCID: PMC10670995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a significant complication of cancer therapy with limited management strategies. Whilst inflammation is a central feature of destructive and ultimately ulcerative pathology, to date, attempts to mitigate damage via this mechanism have proven limited. A relatively underexamined aspect of OM development is the contribution of elements of the innate immune system. In particular, the role played by barriers, pattern recognition systems, and microbial composition in early damage signaling requires further investigation. As such, this review highlights the innate immune response as a potential focus for research to better understand OM pathogenesis and development of interventions for patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Future areas of evaluation include manipulation of microbial-mucosal interactions to alter cytotoxic sensitivity, use of germ-free models, and translation of innate immune-targeted agents interrogated for mucosal injury in other regions of the alimentary canal into OM-based clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bowen
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia;
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Alemu BK, Azeze GG, Wu L, Lau SL, Wang CC, Wang Y. Effects of maternal probiotic supplementation on breast milk microbiome and infant gut microbiome and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:101148. [PMID: 37660760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The early-life microbiome is formed during the perinatal period and is critical for infants' lifelong health. This is established by maternal-infant microbiome crosstalk, which is mediated by the breast milk microbiome. The milk microbiome is dependent on the maternal gut microbiome, suggesting that it could potentially be restored through oral probiotic supplements. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the effect of maternal probiotic supplements on breast milk and infant gut microbiome composition and on infant health. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and Science Direct databases were searched until December 15, 2022. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials following the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (population: pregnant or lactating women; intervention: probiotics; control: placebo or follow-up; outcome: breast milk and infant gut microbiome composition and infant health) principles were included. METHODS Using a random effect model, the standard mean difference, risk difference, and risk ratio with 95% confidence interval were used to measure each outcome. All analyses were conducted using the intention-to-treat approach. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. RESULTS The final data set included 24 randomized controlled trials with a total of 2761 mothers and 1756 infants. The overall effect of probiotics on the beneficial bacteria detection rate in breast milk had a risk difference of 24% (95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.37; P<.001; I2=91.12%). The pooled mean beneficial and pathogenic bacteria abundance in breast milk had a standard mean difference of 1.22 log10 colony forming units/mL (95% confidence interval, 0.48-1.97; P<.001; I2=95.51%) and -1.05 log10 colony forming unites/mL (95% confidence interval, -1.99 to -0.12; P=.03; I2=96.79%), respectively. The overall abundance of beneficial bacteria in the infant gut had a standard mean difference of 0.89 log10 colony forming units/g (95% confidence interval, 0.22-1.56; P=.01; I2=95.01%). It also controlled infant weight gain (standard mean difference, -0.49 kg/equivalent age; 95% confidence interval, -0.82 to -0.17; P<.001; I2=0.00%) and decreased the occurrence of infantile colic (risk ratio, 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.57; P<.001; I2=0.00%). CONCLUSION Maternal probiotic supplements effectively orchestrate the breast milk and infant gut microbiome with a wide range of clinical benefits and safety. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus thermophilus, and S. boulardii can be used as maternal supplements to promote infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekalu Kassie Alemu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang); Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia (Mr Alemu)
| | - Getnet Gedefaw Azeze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang); Department of Midwifery, College Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Ethiopia (Mr Azeze)
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang)
| | - So Ling Lau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang)
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang); Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Hong Kong SAR (Dr C Wang)
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR (Messers Alemu and Azeze and Drs Wu, Lau, C Wang, and Y Wang).
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Danilova TA, Adzhieva AA, Mezentseva MV, Suetina IA, Danilina GA, Minko AG, Dmitrieva ML, Zhukhovitsky VG. The Inhibitory Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum Supernatant against Enterobacteria, Campylobacter, and Tumor Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 176:64-67. [PMID: 38091142 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus plantarum exhibit a strong antimicrobial effect against a number of pathogenic enterobacteria (E. coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, and Campylobacter jejuni). The degree of growth inhibition in broth culture reached a high level for all tested bacteria. The highest rates were noted for P. mirabilis (by 13 times) and the lowest for S. flexneri (by 5 times) and C. jejuni (by 4.5 times). Significant antiproliferative effect of the supernatant on cells of tumor-derived epithelial cell lines was shown. The highest degree of inhibition (by 22 times) was observed for HT-29 cells (colon carcinoma). Thus, inclusion of probiotics in traditional treatment schemes can increase the effectiveness of antibacterial and antitumor drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Danilova
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A A Adzhieva
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Mezentseva
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Suetina
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Danilina
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Minko
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M L Dmitrieva
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Zhukhovitsky
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis with Laboratory Immunology Course, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Kim ME, Lee JS. Immune Diseases Associated with Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15584. [PMID: 37958564 PMCID: PMC10647753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in immune function, thereby causing an increased susceptibility to various diseases. Herein, we review immune diseases associated with aging, focusing on tumors, atherosclerosis, and immunodeficiency disorders. The molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions are discussed, highlighting telomere shortening, tissue inflammation, and altered signaling pathways, e.g., the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, as key contributors to immune dysfunction. The role of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype in driving chronic tissue inflammation and disruption has been examined. Our review underscores the significance of targeting tissue inflammation and immunomodulation for treating immune disorders. In addition, anti-inflammatory medications, including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and novel approaches, e.g., probiotics and polyphenols, are discussed. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and adoptive T-cell therapy, has been explored for its potential to enhance immune responses in older populations. A comprehensive analysis of immune disorders associated with aging and underlying molecular mechanisms provides insights into potential treatment strategies to alleviate the burden of these conditions in the aging population. The interplay among immune dysfunction, chronic tissue inflammation, and innovative therapeutic approaches highlights the importance of elucidating these complex processes to develop effective interventions to improve the quality of life in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Immunology Research Lab & BK21-Four Educational Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea;
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Shin Y, Han S, Kwon J, Ju S, Choi TG, Kang I, Kim SS. Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:4466. [PMID: 37892541 PMCID: PMC10609902 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a diverse bacterial community in the human gastrointestinal tract that plays important roles in a variety of biological processes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced through fermentation of dietary fiber. Certain microbes in the gut are responsible for producing SCFAs such as acetate, propionate and butyrate. An imbalance in gut microbiome diversity can lead to metabolic disorders and inflammation-related diseases. Changes in SCFA levels and associated microbiota were observed in IBD, suggesting an association between SCFAs and disease. The gut microbiota and SCFAs affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with IBD. Gut microbes and SCFAs are closely related to IBD, and it is important to study them further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhui Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhyun Ju
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (S.H.); (J.K.); (S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Lee KS, Lee J, Lee KS, Park SY. Weissella koreensis and Pediococcus pentosaceus bacterial ghosts induce inflammatory responses as immunostimulants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 676:213-219. [PMID: 37597299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bacterial ghosts (BGs) were generated from Weissella koreensis LKS42 (WKorGs) and Pediococcus pentosacues KA94 (PPGs) by chemically inducing lysis using substances such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), n-butanol, and C6H8O7. HCl-induced WKorGs and PPGs exhibited complete removal of DNA and displayed transverse membrane dissolution tunnel structures under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell viability assays showed high viability of RAW 264.7 cells exposed to HCl-induced WKorGs and PPGs. Additionally, treatment with HCl-induced WKorGs and PPGs elevated mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in RAW 264.7 cells. These findings suggest that HCl-induced WKorGs and PPGs have the potential to be used as inactivated bacterial immunostimulants, highlighting their promising applications in immunization and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Diagnostic Research Group, BIONEER Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Su Lee
- Department of Biology & Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwon Lee
- Department of Life Science and Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sung Lee
- Department of Biology & Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Division of Software Engineering, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Guo N, Lv L. Mechanistic insights into the role of probiotics in modulating immune cells in ulcerative colitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1045. [PMID: 37904683 PMCID: PMC10571014 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the colon, which is defined by inflammatory responses and the formation of ulcers. Probiotics have been shown to directly impact various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T and B cells. By interacting with cell surface receptors, they regulate immune cell activity, produce metabolites that influence immune responses, and control the release of cytokines and chemokines. METHODS This article is a comprehensive review wherein we conducted an exhaustive search across published literature, utilizing reputable databases like PubMed and Web of Science. Our focus centered on pertinent keywords, such as "UC," 'DSS," "TNBS," "immune cells," and "inflammatory cytokines," to compile the most current insights regarding the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing UC. RESULTS This overview aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the effects of probiotics on immune cells in relation to UC. Probiotics have a crucial role in promoting the proliferation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are necessary for preserving immunological homeostasis and regulating inflammatory responses. They also decrease the activation of pro-inflammatory cells like T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, contributing to UC development. Thus, probiotics significantly impact both direct and indirect pathways of immune cell regulation in UC, promoting Treg differentiation, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cell activation, and regulating cytokine and chemokine release. CONCLUSION Probiotics demonstrate significant potential in modulating the immune reactions in UC. Their capacity to modulate different immune cells and inflammation-related processes makes them a promising therapeutic approach for managing UC. However, further studies are warranted to optimize their use and fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects in UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Guo
- Department of GastroenterologyShengzhou People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch)ShengzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Lu‐lu Lv
- Department of GastroenterologyShengzhou People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch)ShengzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
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You Y, Kim SH, Kim CH, Kim IH, Shin Y, Kim TR, Sohn M, Park J. Immune-Stimulating Potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LM1019 in RAW 264.7 Cells and Immunosuppressed Mice Induced by Cyclophosphamide. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2312. [PMID: 37764156 PMCID: PMC10535240 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, including Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), have gained recognition for their potential health benefits, such as enhancing immune function, maintaining gut health, and improving nutrient absorption. This study investigated the effectiveness of L. rhamnosus LM1019 (LM1019) in enhancing immune function. In RAW 264.7 cells, LM1019 demonstrated dose-dependent immune stimulation by increasing nitric oxide production, gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). These effects were mediated through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) translocation without inducing cytotoxicity. Furthermore, orally administered LM1019 was evaluated in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). High-dose administration of LM1019 significantly increased the subpopulations of lymphocytes, specifically helper T cells (CD4+), as well as two subtypes of natural killer (NK) cells, namely, IFN-γ+ and granzyme B+ NK cells. Additionally, LM1019 at a high dose led to elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ and IL-12, compared to CTX-treated mice. These findings highlight the potential of LM1019 in enhancing the immune system. The study contributes to the growing body of research on the beneficial effects of probiotics on immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji You
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason Co., Ltd., Jinju 52840, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (T.-R.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju 12253, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (C.-H.K.); (I.-H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - Chul-Hong Kim
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju 12253, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (C.-H.K.); (I.-H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju 12253, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (C.-H.K.); (I.-H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - YoungSup Shin
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju 12253, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (C.-H.K.); (I.-H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - Tae-Rahk Kim
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason Co., Ltd., Jinju 52840, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (T.-R.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Minn Sohn
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason Co., Ltd., Jinju 52840, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (T.-R.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Jeseong Park
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason Co., Ltd., Jinju 52840, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (T.-R.K.); (M.S.)
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Vinderola G, Druart C, Gosálbez L, Salminen S, Vinot N, Lebeer S. Postbiotics in the medical field under the perspective of the ISAPP definition: scientific, regulatory, and marketing considerations. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1239745. [PMID: 37745060 PMCID: PMC10515206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1239745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse terms have been used in the literature to refer to the health benefits obtained from the administration of non-viable microorganisms or their cell fragments and metabolites. In an effort to provide continuity to this emerging field, the International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) convened a panel of experts to consider this category of substances and adopted the term postbiotic, which they defined as a "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host." This definition does not stipulate any specific health benefit, finished product, target population or regulatory status. In this perspective article, we focused on postbiotics developed for pharmaceutical uses, including medicinal products and medical devices. We address how this field is regulated for products based on inanimate microorganisms, marketing considerations and existing examples of postbiotics products developed as cosmetics for the skin, for vaginal health, and as orally consumed products. We focus on the European Union for regulatory aspects, but also give examples from other geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vinderola
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (CONICET-UNL), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | | | - Seppo Salminen
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Rahman MS, Emon DD, Toma MA, Nupur AH, Karmoker P, Iqbal A, Aziz MG, Alim MA. Recent advances in probiotication of fruit and vegetable juices. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:522-537. [PMID: 37969792 PMCID: PMC10636081 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live bacteria beneficial to health when consumed adequately. Health professionals now recommend probiotics on regular diets due to their positive effects on human health. The probiotics that are usually consumed from the market through food products are mostly dairy-based. Fruit and vegetables are gaining popularity as preferred matrices for probiotic carriers to the human body, owing to their high cholesterol content and the lactose intolerance of dairy products. On the other hand, fruits and vegetable juices are rich in nutrient content such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants and do not contain a starter culture that can compete with the nutrients. The probiotication of fruit and vegetable juices (apple, carrot, citrus fruit, pome-granate, watermelon, tomato, and pineapple) are performing as efficient probiotic bacteria carriers. This review covers the previous works that highlighted the variety of probiotic fruit and vegetable juices as well as the viability of each probiotic in various products after proper fermentation and storage. In addition, physicochemical and sensory changes that occurred during the processing and storage period have been discussed. Furthermore, strategies (microencapsulation, adding prebiotics, antioxidant addition, maintaining optimum pH, temperature, adaptation with resistance, and good packaging) to improve the stability of probiotic bacteria are outlined, as it is difficult to maintain the stability of probiotic bacteria during storage. Finally, the manuscript discusses the effect of probiotic fruit and vegetable juices on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saydar Rahman
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Dwip Das Emon
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Maria Afroz Toma
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Asmaul Husna Nupur
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Poly Karmoker
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Iqbal
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Gulzarul Aziz
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Alim
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Campagnoli LIM, Varesi A, Barbieri A, Marchesi N, Pascale A. Targeting the Gut-Eye Axis: An Emerging Strategy to Face Ocular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13338. [PMID: 37686143 PMCID: PMC10488056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota refers to a large variety of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) that live in different human body sites, including the gut, oral cavity, skin, and eyes. In particular, the presence of an ocular surface microbiota with a crucial role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis by preventing colonization from pathogen species has been recently demonstrated. Moreover, recent studies underline a potential association between gut microbiota (GM) and ocular health. In this respect, some evidence supports the existence of a gut-eye axis involved in the pathogenesis of several ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, and glaucoma. Therefore, understanding the link between the GM and these ocular disorders might be useful for the development of new therapeutic approaches, such as probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, or faecal microbiota transplantation through which the GM could be modulated, thus allowing better management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Barbieri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicoletta Marchesi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
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Liu Y, Armbrister SA, Okeugo B, Mills TW, Daniel RC, Oh JH, van Pijkeren JP, Park ES, Saleh ZM, Lahiri S, Roos S, Rhoads JM. Probiotic-Derived Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase Produces Anti-Inflammatory Adenosine Metabolites in Treg-Deficient Scurfy Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1001-1013. [PMID: 37178405 PMCID: PMC10926147 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM 17938) prolongs the survival of Treg-deficient scurfy (SF) mice and reduces multiorgan inflammation by a process requiring adenosine receptor 2A (A2A) on T cells. We hypothesized that L. reuteri-derived ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'NT) activity acts to generate adenosine, which may be a central mediator for L. reuteri protection in SF mice. We evaluated DSM 17938-5'NT activity and the associated adenosine and inosine levels in plasma, gut, and liver of SF mice. We examined orally fed DSM 17938, DSM 17938Δ5NT (with a deleted 5'NT gene), and DSM 32846 (BG-R46) (a naturally selected strain derived from DSM 17938). Results showed that DSM 17938 and BG-R46 produced adenosine while "exhausting" AMP, whereas DSM 17938∆5NT did not generate adenosine in culture. Plasma 5'NT activity was increased by DSM 17938 or BG-R46, but not by DSM 17938Δ5NT in SF mice. BG-R46 increased both adenosine and inosine levels in the cecum of SF mice. DSM 17938 increased adenosine levels, whereas BG-R46 increased inosine levels in the liver. DSM 17938Δ5NT did not significantly change the levels of adenosine or inosine in the GI tract or the liver of SF mice. Although regulatory CD73+CD8+ T cells were decreased in spleen and blood of SF mice, these regulatory T cells could be increased by orally feeding DSM 17938 or BG-R46, but not DSM 17938Δ5NT. In conclusion, probiotic-5'NT may be a central mediator of DSM 17938 protection against autoimmunity. Optimal 5'NT activity from various probiotic strains could be beneficial in treating Treg-associated immune disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Shabba A Armbrister
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Beanna Okeugo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tingting W Mills
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rhea C Daniel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jee-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | - Evelyn S Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zeina M Saleh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sharmistha Lahiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Roos
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- BioGaia AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - JMarc Rhoads
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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50
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López-Villodres JA, Escamilla A, Mercado-Sáenz S, Alba-Tercedor C, Rodriguez-Perez LM, Arranz-Salas I, Sanchez-Varo R, Bermúdez D. Microbiome Alterations and Alzheimer's Disease: Modeling Strategies with Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1846. [PMID: 37509487 PMCID: PMC10377071 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been gaining momentum in the context of many neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes, respectively. Notably, a balanced gut microbiota contributes to the epithelial intestinal barrier maintenance, modulates the host immune system, and releases neurotransmitters and/or neuroprotective short-chain fatty acids. However, dysbiosis may provoke immune dysregulation, impacting neuroinflammation through peripheral-central immune communication. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide or detrimental microbial end-products can cross the blood-brain barrier and induce or at least potentiate the neuropathological progression of AD. Thus, after repeated failure to find a cure for this dementia, a necessary paradigmatic shift towards considering AD as a systemic disorder has occurred. Here, we present an overview of the use of germ-free and/or transgenic animal models as valid tools to unravel the connection between dysbiosis, metabolic diseases, and AD, and to investigate novel therapeutical targets. Given the high impact of dietary habits, not only on the microbiota but also on other well-established AD risk factors such as diabetes or obesity, consistent changes of lifestyle along with microbiome-based therapies should be considered as complementary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio López-Villodres
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escamilla
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Mercado-Sáenz
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Alba-Tercedor
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Rodriguez-Perez
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Arranz-Salas
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Unidad de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Bermúdez
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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