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Parsons MG, Hermelin D, Hennenfent A, Tiller RV, Annambhotla P, Negrón ME, Basavaraju SV, Katz LM. Animal vaccine strain Brucella abortus infection in a plateletpheresis donor: A case report. Transfusion 2024; 64:946-948. [PMID: 38501889 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith G Parsons
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - María E Negrón
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Louis M Katz
- ImpactLife Blood Services and Scott Co. Health Department, Davenport, Iowa, USA
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2
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Streva VA, Weinstein J, Jankowski-Romano C, Osakwe N, Duong S, Juretschko S, Lemon JK. The Brief Case: Incidental finding of Brucella abortus bacteremia in a patient with urinary tract infection. J Clin Microbiol 2024; 62:e0138123. [PMID: 38597631 PMCID: PMC11005331 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01381-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A. Streva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacqueline Weinstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Nonso Osakwe
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northern Westchester Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott Duong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stefan Juretschko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jamie K. Lemon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Frey RK, Wehtje ME, Nol P, Clarke PR, Rhyan JC, McCollum MP, Miller LA, Eckery DC. Effects of the Immunocontraceptive Gonacon on Pregnancy in Brucella-Seropositive American bison (Bison bison). J Wildl Dis 2024; 60:339-345. [PMID: 38373061 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if the number of pregnancies in naturally infected Brucella abortus-positive bison (Bison bison) cows would be reduced over a period of 5 yr after one treatment with 3000 µg gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunocontraceptive (GonaCon) compared to a similar group of naturally infected B. abortus-positive bison cows not treated with GonaCon. In each of the 5 yr, GonaCon-treated cows produced fewer offspring in relation to number of cows than the nontreated cows. Fisher's Exact test comparing offspring produced during the first reproductive season showed a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.0028). Differences in number of calves produced in GonaCon-treated and control groups were also noted in remaining years, but statistics were not applied because of data constraints. These data indicate that one treatment with GonaCon in brucellosis-seropositive female bison reduced pregnancies over five reproductive years. Thus, immunocontraception could potentially be used to manage brucellosis in affected herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Frey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 232 Cokedale Rd, Montana 59047, USA
| | - Morgan E Wehtje
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
- United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Capitol Reef National Park, HC 70, Torrey, Utah 84775, USA
| | - Pauline Nol
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
- Colorado Department of Parks and Wildlife, Wildlife Health Section, 4330 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Patrick R Clarke
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services (retired), 1857 Brisk Court, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA
| | - Jack C Rhyan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services (retired), 10075 North County Rd 15, Fort Collins, Colorado 80524, USA
| | - Matthew P McCollum
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
- Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biomedical Laboratory, 1683 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Lowell A Miller
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Douglas C Eckery
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
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Nol P, Frey R, Wehtje M, Rhyan J, Clarke PR, McCollum M, Quance C, Eckery D, Robbe-Austerman S. Effects of Pregnancy Prevention on Brucella abortus Shedding in American bison (Bison bison). J Wildl Dis 2024; 60:327-338. [PMID: 38385992 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Products of parturition are the predominant source of Brucella abortus for transmission in bison (Bison bison). Our objective was to assess whether preventing pregnancy in Brucella-seropositive bison reduced B. abortus shedding. Brucella-seropositive and -seronegative bison from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA were used in a replicated experiment. Each of two replicates (rep1, rep2) included a group of seropositive females treated with a single dose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-based immunocontraceptive (Treatment rep1, n=15; Treatment rep2, n=20) and an untreated group (Control rep1, n=14; Control rep2, n=16) housed separately. Seronegative sentinel females were placed in each group to monitor horizontal transmission. Seronegative males were co-mingled for breeding each year. Pregnant females were removed from treatment groups in the first year, but not thereafter. Each January-June we monitored for B. abortus shedding events-any parturition associated with culture-positive fluids or tissues. We analyzed probability of shedding events using a negative binomial generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood using Laplace approximation. Over 5 yr, we observed zero shedding events in Treatment rep1 vs. 12 in Control rep1. All five Control rep1 sentinels but zero (0/5) Treatment rep1 sentinels seroconverted. In the second replicate, Treatment rep2 had two shedding events over 3 yr and Control rep2 had five events over 2 yr. Sentinels in both Control rep2 (3/6) and Treatment rep2 (5/6) seroconverted by trial endpoint. Treatment rep1 showed a reduced shedding probability relative to Control rep1, Treatment rep2, and Control rep2 (log odds value -25.36 vs. -1.71, -1.39, and -0.23, respectively). Fixed effect predictor covariates, year and age, had no explanatory value. These data suggest that successful contraception of brucellosis-seropositive female bison prevents shedding of B. abortus by individual animals. However, contraceptive treatment may or may not sufficiently reduce disease transmission to reduce brucellosis prevalence in an affected herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Nol
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building B, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA
- Current address: Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife, Wildlife Health Program, 4330 Laporte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Rebecca Frey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, PO Box 253, Manhattan, Montana 59741, USA
| | - Morgan Wehtje
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building B, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA
- Current address: Capitol Reef National Park, National Park Service, HC 70, Torrey, Utah 84775, USA
| | - Jack Rhyan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
- Retired
| | - Patrick Ryan Clarke
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, PO Box 253, Manhattan, Montana 59741, USA
- Retired
| | - Matthew McCollum
- Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biomedical Laboratory, 3105 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Christine Quance
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
| | - Douglas Eckery
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 Laporte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA
| | - Suelee Robbe-Austerman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA
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Abushahba MFN, Dadelahi AS, Ponzilacqua-Silva B, Moley CR, Skyberg JA. Contrasting roles for IgM and B-cell MHCII expression in Brucella abortus S19 vaccine-mediated efficacy against B. melitensis infection. mSphere 2024; 9:e0075023. [PMID: 38349167 PMCID: PMC10964430 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00750-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis, caused by the bacterium Brucella, poses a significant global threat to both animal and human health. Although commercial live Brucella vaccines including S19, RB51, and Rev1 are available for animals, their unsuitability for human use and incomplete efficacy in animals necessitate the further study of vaccine-mediated immunity to Brucella. In this study, we employed in vivo B-cell depletion, as well as immunodeficient and transgenic mouse models, to comprehensively investigate the roles of B cells, antigen uptake and presentation, antibody production, and class switching in the context of S19-mediated immunity against brucellosis. We found that antibody production, and in particular secretory IgM plays a protective role in S19-mediated immunity against virulent Brucella melitensis early after the challenge in a manner associated with complement activation. While T follicular helper cell deficiency dampened IgG production and vaccine efficacy at later stages of the challenge, this effect appeared to be independent of antibody production and rather was associated with altered T-cell function. By contrast, B-cell MHCII expression negatively impacted vaccine efficacy at later timepoints after the challenge. In addition, B-cell depletion after vaccination, but before the challenge, enhanced S19-mediated protection against brucellosis, suggesting a deleterious role of B cells during the challenge phase. Collectively, our findings indicate antibody production is protective, while B-cell MHCII expression is deleterious, to live vaccine-mediated immunity against brucellosis. IMPORTANCE Brucella is a neglected zoonotic pathogen with a worldwide distribution. Our study delves into B-cell effector functions in live vaccine-mediated immunity against brucellosis. Notably, we found antibody production, particularly secretory IgM, confers protection against virulent Brucella melitensis in vaccinated mice, which was associated with complement activation. By contrast, B-cell MHCII expression negatively impacted vaccine efficacy. In addition, B-cell depletion after vaccination, but before the B. melitensis challenge, enhanced protection against infection, suggesting a detrimental B-cell role during the challenge phase. Interestingly, deficiency of T follicular helper cells, which are crucial for aiding germinal center B cells, dampened vaccine efficacy at later stages of challenge independent of antibody production. This study underscores contrasting and phase-dependent roles of B-cell effector functions in vaccine-mediated immunity against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa F. N. Abushahba
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alexis S. Dadelahi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Bárbara Ponzilacqua-Silva
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Charles R. Moley
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jerod A. Skyberg
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Gentile A, Fulgione A, Auzino B, Iovane V, Gallo D, Garramone R, Iaccarino N, Randazzo A, Iovane G, Cuomo P, Capparelli R, Iannelli D. In vivo biological validation of in silico analysis: A novel approach for predicting the effects of TLR4 exon 3 polymorphisms on brucellosis. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 118:105552. [PMID: 38218390 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The role of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is of recognising intracellular and extracellular pathogens and of activating the immune response. This process can be compromised by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which might affect the activity of several TLRs. The aim of this study is of ascertaining whether SNPs in the TLR4 of Bubalus bubalis infected by Brucella abortus, compromise the protein functionality. For this purpose, a computational analysis was performed. Next, computational predictions were confirmed by performing genotyping analysis. Finally, NMR-based metabolomics analysis was performed to identify potential biomarkers for brucellosis. The results indicate two SNPs (c. 672 A > C and c. 902 G > C) as risk factor for brucellosis in Bubalus bubalis, and three metabolites (lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetate) as biological markers for predicting the risk of developing the disease. These metabolites, together with TLR4 structural modifications in the MD2 interaction domain, are a clear signature of the immune system alteration during diverse Gram-negative bacterial infections. This suggests the possibility to extend this study to other pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In conclusion, this study combines multidisciplinary approaches to evaluate the biological and structural effects of SNPs on protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gentile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Andrea Fulgione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Barbara Auzino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Valentina Iovane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Raffaele Garramone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Nunzia Iaccarino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Antonio Randazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iovane
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Paola Cuomo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
| | - Rosanna Capparelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy.
| | - Domenico Iannelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples 80055, Italy
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Wang Y, Vallée E, Compton C, Heuer C, Guo A, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Vignes M. A novel Bayesian Latent Class Model (BLCM) evaluates multiple continuous and binary tests: A case study for Brucella abortus in dairy cattle. Prev Vet Med 2024; 224:106115. [PMID: 38219433 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis, primarily caused by Brucella abortus, severely affects both animal health and human well-being. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for designing informed control and prevention measures. Lacking a gold standard test makes it challenging to determine optimal cut-off values and evaluate the diagnostic performance of tests. In this study, we developed a novel Bayesian Latent Class Model that integrates both binary and continuous testing outcomes, incorporating additional fixed (parity) and random (farm) effects, to calibrate optimal cut-off values by maximizing Youden Index. We tested 651 serum samples collected from six dairy farms in two regions of Henan Province, China with four serological tests: Rose Bengal Test, Serum Agglutination Test, Fluorescence Polarization Assay, and Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Our analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off values for FPA and C-ELISA were 94.2 mP and 0.403 PI, respectively. Sensitivity estimates for the four tests ranged from 69.7% to 89.9%, while specificity estimates varied between 97.1% and 99.6%. The true prevalences in the two study regions in Henan province were 4.7% and 30.3%. Parity-specific odds ratios for positive serological status ranged from 1.2 to 2.2 for different parity groups compared to primiparous cows. This approach provides a robust framework for validating diagnostic tests for both continuous and discrete tests in the absence of a gold standard test. Our findings can enhance our ability to design targeted disease detection strategies and implement effective control measures for brucellosis in Chinese dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science - Tāwharau Ora, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Emilie Vallée
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science - Tāwharau Ora, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Chris Compton
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science - Tāwharau Ora, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cord Heuer
- EpiCentre, School of Veterinary Science - Tāwharau Ora, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Aizhen Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Youming Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Henan Dairy Herd Improvement Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450045, China
| | - Matthieu Vignes
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Barros NLC, Ribeiro ML, Freitas AR, Delai RR, Kmetiuk LB, Teixeira WSR, Appolinario CM, Pimpão CT, Ponsart C, Vicente AF, Biondo AW, Megid J. Serological and Molecular Survey of Brucella Species in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:104-110. [PMID: 37910779 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although Brucella abortus, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis may infect humans and dogs worldwide, no study to date has assessed and compared owners and their dogs between island and mainland seashore areas. Materials and Methods: Accordingly, the study herein has applied serological tests, including Microplate Agglutination Test with 2-Mercaptoethanol, immunochromatographic assay, and Rose Bengal Test, and a Brucella genus-specific PCR assay to 195 owners and their 148 dogs living on 1 mainland seashore area and three nearby oceanic islands of southern Brazil. Results: No seropositivity to B. abortus and B. suis was detected in owner or dog sera. Anti-B. canis seropositivity was observed in 3/148 (2.0%) dogs, but no owner sample was seropositive to B. canis. In addition, all blood samples from both owners and dogs were negative on Brucella genus-specific PCR assay. Conclusions: The seropositive dogs were not related and lived on the seashore mainland area of Guaraqueçaba city. The absence of seropositivity on the islands and the low seropositivity on the seashore mainland could be attributed to geographic isolation, and suggest the low impact of the disease in the region. Despite being a zoonotic disease, brucellosis by B. canis is not included in the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis, and its diagnosis and notification are not mandatory. The presence of seropositive dogs highlights the risk to human health and the importance of epidemiological surveillance actions in the region, as well as the need for the implantation of preventive measures to avoid the transmission of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Layslla Costa Barros
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Matheus Lopes Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Ruana Renostro Delai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila Michele Appolinario
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Claudia Turra Pimpão
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Claire Ponsart
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), National/EU/WOAH, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Acacia Ferreira Vicente
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), National/EU/WOAH, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Jane Megid
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Rodríguez J, De Santis Arévalo J, Dennis VA, Rodríguez AM, Giambartolomei GH. Bystander activation of microglia by Brucella abortus-infected astrocytes induces neuronal death via IL-6 trans-signaling. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1343503. [PMID: 38322014 PMCID: PMC10844513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1343503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurobrucellosis where glial cell interactions are at the root of this pathological condition. In this study, we present evidence indicating that soluble factors secreted by Brucella abortus-infected astrocytes activate microglia to induce neuronal death. Culture supernatants (SN) from B. abortus-infected astrocytes induce the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and the increase of the microglial phagocytic capacity, which are two key features in the execution of live neurons by primary phagocytosis, a recently described mechanism whereby B. abortus-activated microglia kills neurons by phagocytosing them. IL-6 neutralization completely abrogates neuronal loss. IL-6 is solely involved in increasing the phagocytic capacity of activated microglia as induced by SN from B. abortus-infected astrocytes and does not participate in their inflammatory activation. Both autocrine microglia-derived and paracrine astrocyte-secreted IL-6 endow microglial cells with up-regulated phagocytic capacity that allows them to phagocytose neurons. Blocking of IL-6 signaling by soluble gp130 abrogates microglial phagocytosis and concomitant neuronal death, indicating that IL-6 activates microglia via trans-signaling. Altogether, these results demonstrate that soluble factors secreted by B. abortus-infected astrocytes activate microglia to induce, via IL-6 trans-signaling, the death of neurons. IL-6 signaling inhibition may thus be considered a strategy to control inflammation and CNS damage in neurobrucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rodríguez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia De Santis Arévalo
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vida A Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo H Giambartolomei
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Sharma V, Kaur P, Aulakh RS, Sharma R, Verma R, Singh BB. Is Brucella excreted in cattle faeces? - Evidence from Punjab, India. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 104:102099. [PMID: 38007989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that affects animals and people in much of the underdeveloped world. The disease is endemic in cattle in Punjab, India and controlling it is a public health challenge. Dairy farmers and farm labour commonly handle cattle faeces with bare hands and personal protective equipments are not used. No studies have been conducted about the shedding of Brucella species in faeces of sero positive cattle in the state. This study aimed to isolate and identify the Brucella species from faeces of sero positive cattle in Punjab, India. Faecal samples were collected from 350 Brucella sero positive cattle in Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Isolation was performed using a pre-enriched Brucella selective broth medium as well as Brucella selective medium agar plates containing horse serum and Brucella selective supplements. Isolates were identified using Gram staining technique and rapid slide agglutination test, and then confirmed by using bcsp31 and 16s rRNA genus specific PCR. Isolates were further identified up to species level by using Bruce-Ladder multiplex PCR. Fourteen Brucella species were isolated, all of which showed coccobacilli on gram staining, positive rapid slide agglutination test and amplification of bcsp31 and 16s rRNA genes. Of the 14 isolates, 11 were identified as Brucella abortus and 3 were identified as Brucella melitensis. The study demonstrates that animal faeces could pose a potential risk for animal and human health and faeces of seropositive cattle must be handled with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - P Kaur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R S Aulakh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Sharma
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - R Verma
- Animal Disease Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - B B Singh
- Centre for One Health, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
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11
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Khatun M, Islam A, Baek BK. Comparative Analysis of Humoral Immune Response and Cognate Antigen Detection in Experimentally Infected Sprague Dawley Rats with Brucella abortus Biotype 1. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:27-35. [PMID: 37955673 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the IgG-specific humoral immune responses against specific antigen-like whole-cell antigen (WCA), outer membrane protein (OMP), periplasmic protein (PP), and cytoplasmic protein (CP) during the acute and subacute stages of Brucella abortus biotype 1 infection in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Materials and Methods: The intraperitoneal method was used to experimentally infect forty-four 6- to 8-week-old SD rats with 1 × 109 colony-forming units (CFUs) of B. abortus biotype 1. Following inoculation, the rat was serially sampled for serum at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 60, 90, and 120 days. The IgG-specific immune responses and recognition of immunodominant antigens in WCA, OMP, PP, and CP of B. abortus were assessed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IELISA) and western blot (WB) assay using infected rat sera. Results: The IgG antibody response was detectable at 3 days after infection. The peak serum IgG antibody titers were recorded against CP and PP at 28 days after infection. The highest serum IgG antibody titers were recorded at 42 days after infection against WCA and 90 days after infection only against OMP. WB assay revealed a wide array of protein bands between molecular weight of 13 and 95 kDa for WCA, 13 and 95 kDa for OMP, 15 and 65 kDa for PP, and 12 and 85 kDa for CP. Proteins bands of 10, 13, 20, 24, 46, and 76 kDa for WCA; 28, 35, 39, 85, and 95 for OMP; 20, 30, 40, 43, 46, and 65 kDa for PP, and 12, 23, 68, and 85 for CP were intensely recognized. Conclusion: Data of this study indicated that WCA, CP, and PP of B. abortus could be useful for diagnosis of acute and subacute brucellosis in SD rat model. OMP of B. abortus could be useful for differential diagnosis of subacute brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minara Khatun
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Byeong Kirl Baek
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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12
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Jones JD, Proffitt KM, Ramsey JM, Almberg ES, Anderson NJ. Reproductive Fate of Brucellosis-Seropositive Elk (Cervus canadensis): Implications for Disease Transmission Risk. J Wildl Dis 2024; 60:52-63. [PMID: 37889938 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-22-00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Brucella abortus that infects elk (Cervus canadensis) and cattle (Bos taurus). There is the potential for transmission from wildlife to livestock through contact with infected material shed during abortions or live births. To understand the impact of exposure on pregnancy rates we captured 30-100 elk per year from 2011 through 2020, testing their blood for serologic exposure to B. abortus. Predicted pregnancy rates for seropositive animals were 9.6% lower in prime-age (2.5-15.5 yr; 85%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 74-91%) and 37.7% lower in old (>15.5 yr; 43%, 95% CI: 19-71%) elk as compared with seronegative animals. To understand the risk of seropositive elk shedding B. abortus bacteria and the effects of exposure on elk reproductive performance, we conducted a 5-yr longitudinal study monitoring 30 seropositive elk. We estimated the annual probability of a seropositive elk having an abortion as 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02-0.15). We detected B. abortus at three abortions and two live births, using a combination of culture and PCR testing. The predicted probability of a pregnant seropositive elk shedding B. abortus during an abortion or live birth was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.04-0.19). To understand what proportion of seropositive elk harbored live B. abortus bacteria in their tissues, we euthanized seropositive elk at the end of 5 yr of monitoring and sampled tissues for B. abortus. Assuming perfect detection, the predicted probability of a seropositive elk having B. abortus in at least one tissue was 0.18 (95% CI: 0.06-0.43). The transmission risk seropositive elk pose is mitigated by decreased pregnancy rates, low probability of abortion events, low probability of shedding at live birth events, and reasonably low probability of B. abortus in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Jones
- Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1400 South 19th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA
| | - Kelly M Proffitt
- Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1400 South 19th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA
| | - Jennifer M Ramsey
- Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1400 South 19th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA
| | - Emily S Almberg
- Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1400 South 19th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA
| | - Neil J Anderson
- Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 490 North Meridian Road, Kalispell, Montana 59901, USA
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13
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Ahmed ME, Mohamed EI, Ramadan KM, Elsheikh HEM, El-Said BM, Shehata AA. Evaluation of the immunization of camels with Brucella abortus vaccine (RB51) in Egypt. Open Vet J 2024; 14:19-24. [PMID: 38633148 PMCID: PMC11018449 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic disease caused by an intracellular facultative microorganism termed Brucella spp. Control of brucellosis depends on test and slaughter policy as well as vaccination programs. Aim Estimation of the cell-mediated immunity (CMI) [total leukocytic count (TLC), phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] in camels after vaccination with RB51 using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods A total of eight camels were grouped into two groups as follows: group (A): vaccinated with RB51 vaccine [1 dose/2 ml S/C (3 × 1010 CFU)] and group (B): control group. IL-6 and TNF-α were used for estimation of the CMI using real-time PCR on serum samples that were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60 days after vaccination from each group. In addition, TLC, phagocytic activity, and phagocytic index were evaluated on heparinized blood samples at 0 and 60 days post-vaccination. Results RB51 vaccine provides a protective immune response which progressively increases from the first week to 60 days after vaccination. Moreover, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 differed between camels in the vaccinated group. Conclusion Vaccination of camels with RB51 vaccine (with dose 3 × 1010 CFU) could induce good protective immune responses and this immunological response will be a good indication for a safe field vaccine that can be used for the control of camel brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa E. Ahmed
- Zagazig Provincial Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eisa I. Mohamed
- Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Khoudair M. Ramadan
- Brucellosis Research Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hend E. M. Elsheikh
- Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Basma M. El-Said
- Department of Animal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. Shehata
- Department of Animal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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14
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Beig M, Moradkasani S, Goodarzi F, Sholeh M. Prevalence of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus Fluoroquinolones Resistant Isolates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:1-9. [PMID: 37862228 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis impact both animals and humans worldwide. However, using antibiotics for brucellosis remains controversial despite decades of research. Relapse can complicate treatment in this area. Since the mid-1980s, microbiologists, and physicians have studied fluoroquinolones' use for treating human brucellosis. The principal advantages of fluoroquinolones are their intracellular antimicrobial activity, low nephrotoxicity, good pharmacokinetics, and the lack of drug-level monitoring. Fluoroquinolones inhibit disease recurrence. In vitro and clinical data were used to study the prevalence of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were carefully searched until August 6, 2022, for relevant papers. The number of resistant isolates and sample size were used to estimate the proportion of resistant isolates, fitting a model with random effects, and DerSimonian-Laird estimated heterogeneity. Furthermore, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were used to assess the moderators to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed using R software. Results: Forty-seven studies evaluated fluoroquinolone resistance in Brucella spp. Isolates. Fluoroquinolones have shown high in vitro efficacy against Brucella spp. The resistance rates to ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, fleroxacin, pefloxacin, and lomefloxacin were 2%, 1.6%, and 4.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Clinical in vitro tests demonstrated that fluoroquinolones can eradicate Brucella spp. Owing to first-line medication resistance, recurrence, and toxicity, it is essential to standardize the Brucella antimicrobial susceptibility test method for a more precise screening of resistance status. Fluoroquinolones are less resistant to fluoroquinolone-based treatments in modern clinical practice as alternatives to standard therapy for patients with brucellosis relapse after treatment with another regimen and in patients who have developed toxicity from older agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Beig
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Forough Goodarzi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Pasquardini L, Cennamo N, Arcadio F, Perri C, Chiodi A, D'agostino G, Zeni L. Immuno-SPR biosensor for the detection of Brucella abortus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22832. [PMID: 38129569 PMCID: PMC10739931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A proof of principle biosensor for the Brucella abortus recognition onsite is presented. The system is based on a plasmonic optical fiber probe functionalized with an oriented antibody layer immobilized on a short polyethyleneglycol (PEG) interface through carbodiimide chemistry and protein G as an intermediate layer. The biosensor is inserted in a holder built in 3D printing technology, obtaining a custom holder useful for housing the sample to be measured and the equipment. The removable sensor chip is a low-cost Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) platform based on D-shaped plastic optical fibers (POFs), built-in in 3D printed connectors, used here for the first time to detect bacteria via a bio-receptor layer specific for its membrane protein. The performances of the biosensor in Brucella abortus recognition are tested by using two different SPR-POF probes combined with the same bio-receptor layer. The best sensor configuration has presented a sensitivity at low concentrations of one order of magnitude greater than the other. A limit of detection (LoD) of 2.8 bacteria/mL is achieved well competitive with other systems but without the need for amplification or special sample treatments. Specificity has been tested using Salmonella bacteria, and reproducibility, regenerability and stability are moreover evaluated. These experimental results pave the way for building an efficient and specific biosensor system for Brucella abortus detection onsite and in a few minutes. Moreover, the proposed POF-based SPR biosensor device, with respect to the already available technologies, could be a Point-of-care-test (POCT), simple to use, small-size and portable, low-cost, don't necessary of a microfluidic system, and can be connected to the Internet (IoT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pasquardini
- Indivenire Srl, Via Sommarive 18, 38123, Trento, Italy.
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031, Aversa, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Cennamo
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031, Aversa, Italy
| | - Francesco Arcadio
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031, Aversa, Italy
| | - Chiara Perri
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031, Aversa, Italy
- Moresense Srl, Filarete Foundation, Viale Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiodi
- Moresense Srl, Filarete Foundation, Viale Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Zeni
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031, Aversa, Italy.
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16
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Nguyen TT, Huy TXN, Aguilar CNT, Reyes AWB, Salad SA, Min WG, Lee HJ, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim S. Intracellular Growth Inhibition and Host Immune Modulation of 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole in Murine Brucellosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17352. [PMID: 38139181 PMCID: PMC10743636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme widely produced in mammalian cells and bacteria, is crucial to mitigating oxidative stress in hostile environments. This function enhances the intracellular survivability of various intracellular growth pathogens, including Brucella (B.) abortus. In this study, to determine whether the suppression of catalase can inhibit the intracellular growth of B. abortus, we employed 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), a catalase inhibitor, in both RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and an ICR mouse model during Brucella infection. The intracellular growth assay indicated that 3-AT exerts growth-inhibitory effects on B. abortus within macrophages. Moreover, it contributes to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the formation of nitric oxide. Notably, 3-AT diminishes the activation of the nucleus transcription factor (NF-κB) and modulates the cytokine secretion within infected cells. In our mouse model, the administration of 3-AT reduced the B. abortus proliferation within the spleens and livers of infected mice. This reduction was accompanied by a diminished immune response to infection, as indicated by the lowered levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 and altered CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio. These results suggest the protective and immunomodulatory effects of 3-AT treatment against Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
- Institute of Applied Sciences, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu St., Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City 72300, Vietnam
| | - Ched Nicole Turbela Aguilar
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños 4031, Philippines;
| | - Said Abdi Salad
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Won-Gi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - John-Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea;
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.T.N.); (T.X.N.H.); (C.N.T.A.); (S.A.S.); (W.-G.M.); (H.-J.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Li Y, Li W, Jin Y, Li Z, Zhou J, Tong D. Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus and Brucella spp. and risk factors for Chlamydia abortus in pigs from China. Acta Trop 2023; 248:107050. [PMID: 37875168 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydiosis and brucellosis induced abortions have resulted in significant economic losses in the global livestock industry. Although there have been numerous reports on these two diseases in ruminants in China, limited information is available regarding the prevalence of Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus) and Brucella spp. infection in pigs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of C. abortus and Brucella spp. infections in pig serum using serology and to identify potential risk factors. In total, 2816 serum samples were collected from 12 provinces in China. The presence of C. abortus antibodies was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the presence of Brucella spp. antibodies was examined using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and the Standard Agglutination Test (SAT). The seroprevalences of C. abortus and Brucella spp. were 8.38 % (236/2816) and 0.11 % (3/2816), respectively. Geographical location, season, and age were found to be risk factors associated with C. abortus infection in pig herds in China (p<0.01), and the seropositive rate for C. abortus in sow herds was strongly associated with the occurrence of abortion (p<0.01). Overall, in China, pigs exhibit a higher seroprevalence of C. abortus, whereas the prevalence of Brucella is limited. This study represents the first comprehensive survey of C. abortus and Brucella spp. in pig herds in China that established potential risk factors and provided data for the prevention and control of intraspecies and interspecies transmission of C. abortus to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Yunhui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Youshun Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Zhaocai Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jizhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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Chaves-Olarte E, Meza-Torres J, Herrera-Rodríguez F, Lizano-González E, Suárez-Esquivel M, Baker KS, Rivas-Solano O, Ruiz-Villalobos N, Villalta-Romero F, Cheng HP, Walker GC, Cloeckaert A, Thomson NR, Frisan T, Moreno E, Guzmán-Verri C. A sensor histidine kinase from a plant-endosymbiont bacterium restores the virulence of a mammalian intracellular pathogen. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106442. [PMID: 37944675 PMCID: PMC10740080 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Alphaproteobacteria include organisms living in close association with plants or animals. This interaction relies partly on orthologous two-component regulatory systems (TCS), with sensor and regulator proteins modulating the expression of conserved genes related to symbiosis/virulence. We assessed the ability of the exoS+Sm gene, encoding a sensor protein from the plant endosymbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti to substitute its orthologous bvrS in the related animal/human pathogen Brucella abortus. ExoS phosphorylated the B. abortus regulator BvrR in vitro and in cultured bacteria, showing conserved biological function. Production of ExoS in a B. abortus bvrS mutant reestablished replication in host cells and the capacity to infect mice. Bacterial outer membrane properties, the production of the type IV secretion system VirB, and its transcriptional regulators VjbR and BvrR were restored as compared to parental B. abortus. These results indicate that conserved traits of orthologous TCS from bacteria living in and sensing different environments are sufficient to achieve phenotypic plasticity and support bacterial survival. The knowledge of bacterial genetic networks regulating host interactions allows for an understanding of the subtle differences between symbiosis and parasitism. Rewiring these networks could provide new alternatives to control and prevent bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Chaves-Olarte
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Jazmín Meza-Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Fabiola Herrera-Rodríguez
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Esteban Lizano-González
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Marcela Suárez-Esquivel
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Kate S Baker
- Parasites and Microbes from Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Olga Rivas-Solano
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Nazareth Ruiz-Villalobos
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Fabián Villalta-Romero
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Biological Sciences Department, Lehman College, The City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Graham C Walker
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas R Thomson
- Parasites and Microbes from Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Teresa Frisan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edgardo Moreno
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Caterina Guzmán-Verri
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
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Mwampashi R, Cutright E, Fast CD, Bonfoh B, Kazwala RR, Mathew C. Scent detection of Brucella abortus by African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys ansorgei). BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:226. [PMID: 37904151 PMCID: PMC10614360 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a contagious zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. While the disease has been eradicated in most developed countries, it remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa where access to reliable diagnostics is limited. African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys ansorgei) have been trained to detect the scent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to increase case detection in sub-Saharan Africa. Given the similar diagnostic challenges facing brucellosis and tuberculosis, we explored the feasibility of training African giant pouched rats to detect Brucella. RESULTS After 3 months of training, rats reliably identified cultured Brucella, achieving an average sensitivity of 93.56% (SD = 0.650) and specificity of 97.65% (SD = 0.016). Rats readily generalized to novel, younger Brucella cultures that presumably generated a weaker volatile signal and correctly identified at least one out of three fecal samples spiked with Brucella culture during a final test of feasibility. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, these experiments are the first to demonstrate Brucella emits a unique odor profile that scent detection animals can be trained to identify. Importantly, cultured E. coli samples were included throughout training and test to ensure the rats learned to specifically identify Brucella bacteria rather than any bacteria in comparison to bacteria-free culture medium. E. coli controls therefore served a crucial function in determining to what extent Brucella abortus emits a unique odor signature. Further research is needed to determine if a Brucella-specific volatile signature is present within clinical samples. If confirmed, the present results suggest trained rats could serve as a valuable, novel method for the detection of Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Mwampashi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Ellie Cutright
- APOPO, SUA-APOPO Rodent Project, Tiba Road, PO Box 3078, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Cynthia D Fast
- APOPO, SUA-APOPO Rodent Project, Tiba Road, PO Box 3078, Morogoro, Tanzania.
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium.
- Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Swiss Centre for Scientific Research, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Rudovick R Kazwala
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Coletha Mathew
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
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20
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Blasco JM, Moreno E, Muñoz PM, Conde-Álvarez R, Moriyón I. A review of three decades of use of the cattle brucellosis rough vaccine Brucella abortus RB51: myths and facts. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:211. [PMID: 37853407 PMCID: PMC10583465 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03773-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cattle brucellosis is a severe zoonosis of worldwide distribution caused by Brucella abortus and B. melitensis. In some countries with appropriate infrastructure, animal tagging and movement control, eradication was possible through efficient diagnosis and vaccination with B. abortus S19, usually combined with test-and-slaughter (T/S). Although S19 elicits anti-smooth lipopolysaccharide antibodies that may interfere in the differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA), this issue is minimized using appropriate S19 vaccination protocols and irrelevant when high-prevalence makes mass vaccination necessary or when eradication requisites are not met. However, S19 has been broadly replaced by vaccine RB51 (a rifampin-resistant rough mutant) as it is widely accepted that is DIVA, safe and as protective as S19. These RB51 properties are critically reviewed here using the evidence accumulated in the last 35 years. Controlled experiments and field evidence shows that RB51 interferes in immunosorbent assays (iELISA, cELISA and others) and in complement fixation, issues accentuated by revaccinating animals previously immunized with RB51 or S19. Moreover, contacts with virulent brucellae elicit anti-smooth lipopolysaccharide antibodies in RB51 vaccinated animals. Thus, accepting that RB51 is truly DIVA results in extended diagnostic confusions and, when combined with T/S, unnecessary over-culling. Studies supporting the safety of RB51 are flawed and, on the contrary, there is solid evidence that RB51 is excreted in milk and abortifacient in pregnant animals, thus being released in abortions and vaginal fluids. These problems are accentuated by the RB51 virulence in humans, lack diagnostic serological tests detecting these infections and RB51 rifampicin resistance. In controlled experiments, protection by RB51 compares unfavorably with S19 and lasts less than four years with no evidence that RB51-revaccination bolsters immunity, and field studies reporting its usefulness are flawed. There is no evidence that RB51 protects cattle against B. melitensis, infection common when raised together with small ruminants. Finally, data acumulated during cattle brucellosis eradication in Spain shows that S19-T/S is far more efficacious than RB51-T/S, which does not differ from T/S alone. We conclude that the assumption that RB51 is DIVA, safe, and efficaceous results from the uncritical repetition of imperfectly examined evidence, and advise against its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Blasco
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España
| | - E Moreno
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - P M Muñoz
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, España
| | - R Conde-Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Moriyón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra and Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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21
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Dang S, Sui H, Zhang S, Wu D, Chen Z, Zhai J, Bai M. CRISPR-Cas12a test strip (CRISPR/CAST) package: In-situ detection of Brucella from infected livestock. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:202. [PMID: 37833763 PMCID: PMC10571365 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease caused by Brucella, which causes enormous economic losses and public burden to epidemic areas. Early and precise diagnosis and timely culling of infected animals are crucial to prevent the infection and spread of Brucella. In recent years, RNA-guided CRISPR/Cas12a(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and its associated protein 12a) nucleases have shown great promise in nucleic acid detection. This research aims to develop a CRISPR/CAST (CRISPR/Cas12a Test strip) package that can rapidly detect Brucella nucleic acid during on-site screening, especially on remote family pastures. The CRISPR/Cas12a system combined with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), and lateral flow read-out. RESULTS We selected the conserved gene bp26, which commonly used in Brucella infection detection and compared on Genbank with other Brucella species. The genomes of Brucella abortus 2308, Brucella suis S2, Brucella melitansis 16 M, and Brucella suis 1330, et al. were aligned, and the sequences were found to be consistent. Therefore, the experiments were only performed on B. melitensis. With the CRISPR/CAST package, the assay of Brucella nucleic acid can be completed within 30 min under isothermal temperature conditions, with a sensitivity of 10 copies/μl. Additionally, no antigen cross-reaction was observed against Yersinia enterocolitica O:9, Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella enterica serovar Urbana O:30, and Francisella tularensis. The serum samples of 398 sheep and 100 cattle were tested by the CRISPR/CAST package, of which 31 sheep and 8 cattle were Brucella DNA positive. The detection rate was consistent with the qPCR results and higher than that of the Rose Bengal Test (RBT, 19 sheep and 5 cattle were serum positive). CONCLUSIONS The CRISPR/CAST package can accurately detect Brucella DNA in infected livestock within 30 min and exhibits several advantages, including simplicity, speed, high sensitivity, and strong specificity with no window period. In addition, no expensive equipment, standard laboratory, or professional operators are needed for the package. It is an effective tool for screening in the field and obtaining early, rapid diagnoses of Brucella infection. The package is an efficient tool for preventing and controlling epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Dang
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Humujile Sui
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Dongxing Wu
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Mongolian Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
- Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China.
- Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, 028000, China.
| | - Meirong Bai
- Mongolian Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongliao, 028000, China.
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22
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Shi L, Wang S, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Wang Y. Acute Brucella infection associated with splenic infarction: a case report and review of the literature. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1234447. [PMID: 37860068 PMCID: PMC10582943 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1234447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella infection often involves multiple organ systems with non-specific clinical manifestations, and cutaneous involvement is uncommon. Splenic infarction and leukocytoclastic vasculitis also rarely occur together in the course of brucellosis infection. We report the case of a 47-year-old man with Brucella combined with splenic infarction. The patient presented with fever; large liver, spleen, and lymph nodes; muscle and joint pain; positive laboratory tests for blood cultures (Brucella abortus); and imaging suggestive of splenic infarction. After treatment with streptomycin, doxycycline, and rifampicin, the patient's clinical symptoms and splenic damage improved. Detailed history taking, correct interpretation of laboratory results, and knowledge of rare complications of human brucellosis facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yang Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Pathogen Biology, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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23
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de Rezende BS, Franca T, de Paula MAB, Cleveland HPK, Cena C, do Nascimento Ramos CA. Turning chaotic sample group clusterization into organized ones by feature selection: Application on photodiagnosis of Brucella abortus serological test. J Photochem Photobiol B 2023; 247:112781. [PMID: 37657188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis diagnosis is a major problem to be solved; the disease has a tremendous economic impact with significant losses in meat and dairy products, besides the fact that it can be transmitted to humans. The sanitary measures instituted in Brazil are based on disease control through diagnosis, animal sacrifice, and vaccination. Although the currently available diagnostic tests show suitable quality parameters, they are time-consuming, and the incidence of false-positive and/or false-negative results is still observed, hindering effective disease control. The development of a low-cost, fast, and accurate brucellosis diagnosis test remains a need for proper sanitary measures at a large-scale analysis. In this context, spectroscopy techniques associated with machine learning tools have shown great potential for use in diagnostic tests. In this study, bovine blood serum was investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms to build a prediction model for Brucella abortus diagnosis. Here we first pre-treated the UV raw data by using Standard Normal Deviate method to remove baseline deviation, then apply principal component analysis - a clustering method - to observe the group formation tendency; the first results showed no clustering tendency with a messy sample score distribution, then we properly select the main principal components to improve clusterization. Finally, by using machine learning algorithms (SVM and KNN), the predicting models achieved a 92.5% overall accuracy. The present methodology provides a test result in an average time of 5 min, while the standard diagnosis, with the screening and confirmatory tests, can take up to 48 h. The present result demonstrates the method's viability for diagnosing bovine brucellosis, which can significantly contribute to disease control programs in Brazil and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silva de Rezende
- UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Franca
- UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Optics and Photonic Lab (SISFOTON-UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Maykko Antônyo Bravo de Paula
- UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | | | - Cícero Cena
- UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Optics and Photonic Lab (SISFOTON-UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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24
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Corrêa JMM, de Oliveira MLG, de Souza PG, Filho PMS, de Macedo AN, Faria AF. Optimization of the first extraction protocol for metabolomic studies of Brucella abortus. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2383-2392. [PMID: 37209273 PMCID: PMC10484873 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonosis prevalent worldwide and very recurrent in less developed or developing regions. This zoonosis affects livestock, generating high financial losses to producers, in addition to transmitting diseases to humans through meat consumption or handling contaminated products and animals. In this study, five extraction methods for Brucella abortus intracellular metabolites, using different solvent compositions and cell membrane disruption procedures, were evaluated. Derivatized extracts were analyzed by GC-HRMS. Raw data were processed in XCMS Online and the results were evaluated through multivariate statistical analysis using the MetaboAnalyst platform. The identification of the extracted metabolites was performed by the Unknowns software using the NIST 17.L library. The extraction performance of each method was evaluated for thirteen representative metabolites, comprising four different chemical classes. Most of these compounds are reported in the cell membrane composition of Gram-negative bacteria. The method based on extraction with methanol/chloroform/water presented the best performance in the evaluation of the extracted compounds and in the statistical results. Therefore, this method was selected for extracting intracellular metabolites from cultures of Brucella abortus for untargeted metabolomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joane M M Corrêa
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia G de Souza
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária em Minas Gerais, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, 33600-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo M S Filho
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária em Minas Gerais, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, 33600-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana N de Macedo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Adriana F Faria
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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de Araujo ACVSC, de Queiroz NMGP, Marinho FV, Oliveira SC. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Trained Macrophages Elicit a Protective Inflammatory Response against the Pathogenic Bacteria Brucella abortus. J Immunol 2023; 211:791-803. [PMID: 37477668 PMCID: PMC10530434 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) can elicit enhanced innate immune responses against a wide range of infections, known as trained immunity. Brucella abortus is the causative agent of brucellosis, a debilitating disease that affects humans and animals. In this study, we demonstrate that C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages under BCG training enhance inflammatory responses against B. abortus. BCG-trained macrophages showed increased MHC class II and CD40 expression on the cell surface and higher IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β production. The increase in IL-1β secretion was accompanied by enhanced activation of canonical and noncanonical inflammasome platforms. We observed elevated caspase-11 expression and caspase-1 processing in BCG-trained macrophages in response to B. abortus compared with untrained cells. In addition, these BCG-trained cells showed higher NLRP3 expression after B. abortus infection. From a metabolic point of view, signaling through the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin/S6 kinase pathway was also enhanced. In addition, BCG training resulted in higher inducible NO synthase expression and nitrite production, culminating in an improved macrophage-killing capacity against intracellular B. abortus. In vivo, we monitored a significant reduction in the bacterial burden in organs from BCG-trained C57BL/6 mice when compared with the untrained group. In addition, previous BCG immunization of RAG-1-deficient mice partially protects against Brucella infection, suggesting the important role of the innate immune compartment in this scenario. Furthermore, naive recipient mice that received BM transfer from BCG-trained donors showed greater resistance to B. abortus when compared with their untrained counterparts. These results demonstrate that BCG-induced trained immunity in mice results in better control of intracellular B. abortus in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina V. S. C. de Araujo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nina M. G. P. de Queiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fábio V. Marinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sergio C. Oliveira
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kim H, Huy TXN, Nguyen TT, Reyes AWB, Min W, Lee HJ, Hur J, Kim S. The Modulatory Effect of Sodium Propionate Treatment in the Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Intracellular Growth of Brucella abortus 544 in Raw 264.7 Cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1006-1012. [PMID: 37280772 PMCID: PMC10468669 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium propionate (SP) treatment on intracellular mechanism of murine macrophages and its contribution to host immunity during Brucella abortus 544 infection. The intracellular growth assay revealed that SP inhibited Brucella replication inside the macrophages. To determine intracellular signaling involved during SP treatment after Brucella infection, we analyzed the change of five different cytokines production relevant to SP such as TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the results indicated that the boost with IL-10 was apparent throughout the culture period for 48 h as well as IL-1β which was apparent at 24 h post-infection and IFN-γ which was apparent at 24 h and 48 h in comparison to SP untreated groups. On the other way, SP-treated cells displayed suppressed production of TNF-α and IL-6 at all time points tested and 48 h post-infection, respectively. Furthermore, we conducted western blot to establish a cellular mechanism, and the result suggested that SP treatment attenuated p50 phosphorylation, part of the NF-κB pathway. These findings indicated that the inhibitory effect of SP against Brucella infection could be attributed through induction of cytokine production and interference on intracellular pathway, suggesting SP as a potential candidate for treating brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Applied Sciences, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu St., Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City 72300, Vietnam
| | - Trang Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - WonGi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Jang Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Adabi M, Alamian S, Varasteh-Shams M, Ghaderi H, Shahbazi F, Gharekhani J. Molecular Investigation of Brucella Species Belongs to Sheep and Goats in Seropositive Samples from an Endemic Area of Hamedan Province; Famenin Brucellosis Cohort Study. Arch Razi Inst 2023; 78:1349-1357. [PMID: 38226385 PMCID: PMC10787933 DOI: 10.32592/ari.2023.78.4.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease in western regions of Iran, especially in Hamedan province. Following the Famenin brucellosis cohort study, the main aim of the current study was the molecular detection of Brucella species (spp.) in sheep and goats from Famenin, Hamedan, Iran. A total of 23 Brucella-seropositive samples (sheep=21 and goats=2), which had been screened from 1,660 animals in the Famenin cohort study, were used to detect Brucella-DNA using the BCSP31 target gene and IS711 locus. In total, 20 of 23 samples were positive for Brucella infection by using specific primers. Additionally, Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) and Brucella abortus (B. abortus) were confirmed in 90% (n=18) and 10% (n=2) of positive samples, respectively. There was no sample with the co-infection of B. abortus and B. melitensis. In this study, B. abortus was isolated from one of the goat samples. This is the first report on Brucella spp. in animals in the region. It was found that B. melitensis is the dominant spp. responsible for brucellosis in animals from Famenin. Molecular techniques are reliable tools to detect Brucella infection, especially in cases without serology findings and conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adabi
- Infectious Diseases Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - S Alamian
- Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - M Varasteh-Shams
- Infectious Diseases Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - H Ghaderi
- Hamadan Veterinary Council (NGO), Hamadan, Iran
| | - F Shahbazi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - J Gharekhani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Iranian Veterinary Organization (IVO), Hamedan, Iran
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Zhao T, Zhang Z, Li Y, Sun Z, Liu L, Deng X, Guo J, Zhu D, Cao S, Chai Y, Nikolaevna UV, Maratbek S, Wang Z, Zhang H. Brucella abortus modulates macrophage polarization and inflammatory response by targeting glutaminases through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1180837. [PMID: 37325614 PMCID: PMC10266586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The mechanism of Brucella infection regulating macrophage phenotype has not been completely elucidated until now. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of Brucella abortus in the modulation of macrophage phenotype using RAW264.7 cells as a model. Materials and methods RT-qPCR, ELISA and flow cytometry were used to detect the inflammatory factor production and phenotype conversion associated with M1/M2 polarization of macrophages by Brucella abortus infection. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in regulation of Brucella abortus-induced macrophage polarization. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (Chip-seq), bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to screen and validate NF-κB target genes associated with macrophage polarization and further verify its function. Results The results demonstrate that B. abortus induces a macrophage phenotypic switch and inflammatory response in a time-dependent manner. With the increase of infection time, B. abortus infection-induced M1-type increased first, peaked at 12 h, and then decreased, whereas the M2-type decreased first, trough at 12 h, and then increased. The trend of intracellular survival of B. abortus was consistent with that of M2 type. When NF-κB was inhibited, M1-type polarization was inhibited and M2-type was promoted, and the intracellular survival of B. abortus increased significantly. Chip-seq and luciferase reporter assay results showed that NF-κB binds to the glutaminase gene (Gls). Gls expression was down-regulated when NF-κB was inhibited. Furthermore, when Gls was inhibited, M1-type polarization was inhibited and M2-type was promoted, the intracellular survival of B. abortus increased significantly. Our data further suggest that NF-κB and its key target gene Gls play an important role in controlling macrophage phenotypic transformation. Conclusions Taken together, our study demonstrates that B. abortus infection can induce dynamic transformation of M1/M2 phenotype in macrophages. Highlighting NF-κB as a central pathway that regulates M1/M2 phenotypic transition. This is the first to elucidate the molecular mechanism of B. abortus regulation of macrophage phenotype switch and inflammatory response by regulating the key gene Gls, which is regulated by the transcription factor NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhao
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zedan Zhang
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yitao Li
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Liangbo Liu
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xingmei Deng
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jia Guo
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Dexin Zhu
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Shuzhu Cao
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yingjin Chai
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Usevich Vera Nikolaevna
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Veterinary, Ural State Agricultural University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Suleimenov Maratbek
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Veterinary, National Agricultural University of Kazakhstan, Nur Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhen Wang
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State International Joint Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Wang H, Clapp B, Hoffman C, Yang X, Pascual DW. A Single Nasal Dose Vaccination with a Brucella abortus Mutant Potently Protects against Pulmonary Infection. J Immunol 2023; 210:1576-1588. [PMID: 37036290 PMCID: PMC10159994 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The Brucella abortus double-mutant (ΔznuA ΔnorD Brucella abortus-lacZ [znBAZ]) was assessed for its protective efficacy after vaccination with a single nasal dose. Superior protection was achieved in znBAZ-vaccinated mice against pulmonary, wild-type B. abortus 2308 challenge when compared with conventional livestock Brucella abortus vaccines, the smooth S19 (smooth B. abortus strain 19 vaccine) and rough RB51 (rough mutant vaccine strain of B. abortus) strains. Nasal znBAZ vaccination reduced splenic and lung colonization by wild-type brucellae by >3-4 logs. In contrast, S19 reduced lung colonization by only 32-fold, and RB51 failed to reduce colonization. One profound attribute of znBAZ vaccination was the >3-fold increase in pulmonary CD8+ T cells when compared with other vaccinated groups. S19 vaccination increased only CD4+ T cells. All vaccines induced IFN-γ and TNF-α production by CD4+ T cells, but only znBAZ vaccination enhanced the recruitment of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells, by >100-fold. IL-17 by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was also induced by subsequent znBAZ vaccination. These results demonstrate that, in addition to achieving protective immunity by CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, specifically resident memory T cells, also confer protection against brucellosis. The protection obtained by znBAZ vaccination was attributed to IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells, because depletion of CD8+ T cells throughout vaccination and challenge phases abrogated protection. The stimulation of only CD4+ T cells by RB51- and S19-vaccinated mice proved insufficient in protecting against pulmonary B. abortus 2308 challenge. Thus, nasal znBAZ vaccination offers an alternative means to elicit protection against brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Beata Clapp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Carol Hoffman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Xinghong Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - David W. Pascual
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Sadeghi Z, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Davoudi Z, Bouzari S. Multi-Epitope Vaccine Candidates Associated with Mannosylated Chitosan and LPS Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Brucella Infection. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:991-999. [PMID: 36623693 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One promising approach to increase protection against infectious diseases is to use adjuvants that can selectively stimulate the immune responses. In this study, multi-epitope antigens associated with LPS loaded chitosan (LLC) as toll-like receptor agonist or mannosylated chitosan nanoparticle (MCN) as vaccine delivery system were evaluated for their ability to stimulate immune responses to Brucella infection in mice model. Our results indicated that the addition of MCN to our vaccine formulations significantly elicited IFN-γ and IL-2 cytokines and antibody titers, in comparison with the non-adjuvanted vaccine candidates. The present results indicated that multi-epitopes and their administration with LLC or MCN induced Th1 immune response. In addition, vaccine candidates containing MCN provided high percentage of protection against B. melitensis and B. abortus infection. Our results provided support to previous reports indicating that MCNs are attractive adjuvants and addition of this adjuvant to multi-epitopes antigens play an important role in the development of vaccine against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Davoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Robi DT, Bogale A, Urge B, Aleme M, Temteme S. Neglected zoonotic bacteria causes and associated risk factors of cattle abortion in different agro-ecological zones of southwest Ethiopia. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 259:110592. [PMID: 37060817 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Three zoonotic bacteria, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira spp, and Brucella spp, cause cattle abortion and significant losses in the livestock sector. However, these infections were neglected diseases in Ethiopia. Between October 2020 and October 2021, a cross-sectional study was carried out in southwest Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of abortion and identify the major zoonotic bacterial causes and risk factors that contribute to abortion. Using an indirect ELISA, antibodies to Brucella abortus, Leptospira Hardjo, and Coxiella burnetii were detected in serum samples taken from 461 cattle. Potential risk factors for cattle abortion were found using a multivariable random effect logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of cattle abortion was found to be 22.56 % (95 % CI: 18.74-26.38) in the study areas. Leptospira Hardjo (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.04-3.00), Coxiella burnetii (OR=2.7, 95 % CI: 1.26-5.62), and Brucella abortus (OR=9.8, 95 % CI: 1.27-17.15) were all associated with the occurrence of abortion in cattle, as were their co-infections (OR=8.1, 95 % CI: 1.28-39.33). Other risk factors for cattle abortion included breed (OR=16.7, 95 % CI: 2.20-26.77), herd size (OR=2.5, 95 % CI: 1.16-4.68), breeding method (OR=2.3, 95 % CI: 1.33-3.90), and contact with dogs (OR=2.2, 95 % CI: 1.34-3.53). According to the findings of this study, Brucella abortus, Coxiella burnetii, and Leptospira Hardjo are serious zoonoses that cause significant production loss in cattle due to abortion. To prevent transmission of these zoonotic diseases, it is crucial to implement effective control measures and increase public awareness. The causes of cattle abortion in the study areas should also be isolated and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Tulu Robi
- Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, P.O Box: 34, Tepi, Ethiopia.
| | - Ararsa Bogale
- Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, P.O Box: 34, Tepi, Ethiopia
| | - Beksisa Urge
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Holeta, Ethiopia
| | - Melkam Aleme
- Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, P.O Box: 34, Tepi, Ethiopia
| | - Shiferaw Temteme
- Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, P.O Box: 34, Tepi, Ethiopia
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Waringa NMA, Waiboci LW, Bebora L, Kinyanjui PW, Kosgei P, Kiambi S, Osoro E. Human brucellosis in Baringo County, Kenya: Evaluating the diagnostic kits used and identifying infecting Brucella species. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0269831. [PMID: 36719875 PMCID: PMC9888686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis diagnosis has been a challenge in Brucella-endemic areas. In Kenya, diagnosis is usually carried out using Febrile Brucella Antigen agglutination test (FBAT) whose performance is not well documented. This paper reports on the sensitivity and specificity of the FBAT used for brucellosis diagnosis on blood samples/serum collected in three healthcare facilities in Baringo County, Kenya, and on Brucella species present in the study area. The FBAT test results at the hospitals were used to guide patient management. Patients who visited the hospital's laboratory with a clinician's request for brucellosis testing also filled a questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitudes associated with transmission of the disease in the study area. The remaining serum samples were tested again using FBAT and Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) within a month of blood collection at the University Nairobi Laboratory. The two rapid tests were then compared, with respect to brucellosis diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. To identify infecting Brucella species, a proportion 43% (71/166) of the blood clots were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers for B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. ovis and B. suis. Out of 166 serum samples tested, 26.5% (44/166) were positive using FBAT and 10.2% (17/166) positive using RBPT. The sensitivity and specificity of FBAT compared to RBPT was 76.47% and 71.19%, respectively while the positive and negative predictive values were 29.55% and 96.72%, respectively. The FBAT showed higher positivity then RBPT. The difference in sensitivity and specificity of FBAT and RBPTs was relatively low. The high FBAT positivity rate would be indication of misdiagnosis; this would lead to incorrect treatment. Brucella abortus was detected from 9.9% (7/71) of the blood clots tested; no other Brucella species were detected. Thus human brucellosis, in Baringo was mainly caused by B. abortus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lilly Bebora
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Philemon Kosgei
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stella Kiambi
- Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eric Osoro
- Ministry of Health, Zoonotic Diseases Unit, Nairobi, Kenya
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de Macedo GC, Herrera HM, de Oliveira Porfírio GE, Santos FM, de Assis WO, de Andrade GB, Nantes WAG, de Mendoza JH, Fernández-Llario P, de Oliveira CE. Brucellosis in the Brazilian Pantanal wetland: threat to animal production and wildlife conservation. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:2287-2297. [PMID: 36269553 PMCID: PMC9679109 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This review was performed to gather knowledge about brucellosis in livestock and wildlife in the Brazilian Pantanal, a biome with a huge biodiversity and extensive livestock production. Following the preferred reporting items for narrative review guidelines and using the terms "Brucella" and "Pantanal," we explored the PubMed, SciELO, Jstor, Science Direct, and Scholar Google databases. Information on host species, diagnostic test, number of positive animals, and positivity rates were acquired. Articles dating from 1998 to 2022 registered 14 studies including cattle, dogs, and the following wildlife species: Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Sus scrofa, Tayassu peccari, Nasua nasua, Cerdocyon thous, Panthera onca, Dasypus novemcintus, Cabassous unicinctus, Euphractus sexcinctus, Priodontes maximus, Myrmecophaga tridactyla and Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. Brucella occurrence in cattle was demonstrated through the serological confirmatory test 2-mercaptoetanol. Molecular diagnosis detected Brucella abortus in dogs, smooth Brucella in O. beoarticus, and Brucella spp. in T. peccari. Cattle may have a pivotal importance in maintenance and spreading of Brucella spp. due to their high population density, environmental contamination from abortion of infected cows, and eventual excretion of B. abortus S19 strain from vaccinated heifers. The occurrence of Brucella spp. in O. bezoarticus and T. peccari represent a risk for wildlife conservation. These data indicate that Brucella spp. are enzootic in the Pantanal wetland, sustained by a reservoir system including domestic and wild mammals. Due to marked seasonality and large populations of wildlife species sharing same environments with livestock, brucellosis acquires great complexity in Pantanal and, therefore, must be analyzed considering both animal production and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Edith de Oliveira Porfírio
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - William Oliveira de Assis
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - Gisele Braziliano de Andrade
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | - Wesley Arruda Gimenes Nantes
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Fernández-Llario
- Innovation in Management and Conservation of Ungulates (INGULADOS) 10002, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carina Elisei de Oliveira
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences and Agricultural Sustainability, Dom Bosco Catholic University (UCDB), 79117-010, Av. TamandaréJardim Seminário 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, 6000, Brazil.
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Yin Y, Gu Y, Zai X, Li R, Zhu X, Yu R, Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Lin J, Xu J, Chen W. A novel built-in adjuvant metallothionein-3 aids protein antigens to induce rapid, robust, and durable immune responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1024437. [PMID: 36426348 PMCID: PMC9680554 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1024437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants are crucial components of vaccines that can enhance and modulate antigen-specific immune responses. Herein, we reported for the first time that human metallothionein-3 (MT3), a low molecular weight cysteine-rich metal-binding protein, was a novel promising adjuvant candidate that could help protein antigens to induce rapid, effective, and durable antigen-specific immune responses. In the present study, MT3 was fused to outer membrane protein 19 (Omp19) of Brucella abortus (MT3-Omp19, MO) and C fragment heavy chain (Hc) of tetanus neurotoxin (MT3-Hc, MH), respectively. The results showed that MT3 as a built-in adjuvant increased the Omp19- or Hc-specific antibody responses by 100-1000 folds in seven days after primary immunization. Compared to other commercially available adjuvants, MT3 could stimulate earlier (4 days after primary injection) and stronger (10-100 folds) antibody response with lower antigen dose, and its adjuvanticity relied on fusion to antigen. Although the mechanism was not clear yet, the fusion protein MO was observed to directly activate DCs, promote germinal center formation and improve the speed of Ig class switching. Interestingly, our subsequent study found that other members of the mammalian MT family (human MT1 or murine MT3 for examples) also had potential adjuvant effects, but their effects were lower than human MT3. Overall, this study explored a new function of human MT3 as a novel built-in adjuvant, which may have important clinical application potential in vaccine development against global pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yin
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Gu
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zai
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihua Li
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Zhu
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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Stranahan LW, Garcia-Gonzalez DG, Hensel ME, Arenas-Gamboa AM. Primary and memory immune responses against rough Brucella canis are less robust compared to smooth B. abortus and B. melitensis following intratracheal infection in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959328. [PMID: 36032120 PMCID: PMC9402402 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella canis is the cause of canine brucellosis, a globally distributed, zoonotic pathogen which primarily causes disease in dogs. B. canis is unique amongst the zoonotic Brucella spp. with its rough lipopolysaccharide, a trait typically associated with attenuation in gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, no vaccine is available against B. canis, and vaccine development is hampered by a limited understanding of the immune response required to combat it and the course of infection following a physiologically relevant, mucosal route of inoculation. To address these concerns and analyze the impact of the rough phenotype on the immune response, we infected mice intratracheally with rough B. canis or smooth B. melitensis or B. abortus. Bacterial colonization and histologic lesions were assessed in systemic target organs as well as locally in the lungs and draining mediastinal lymph node. Mice were also reinfected with Brucella following antibiotic treatment and cytokine production by T lymphocytes in the lung and spleen was assessed by flow cytometry to investigate the memory immune response. Despite its rough phenotype, B. canis established a persistent infection at the same level of colonization as the smooth strains. However, B. canis induced significantly less granulomatous inflammation in the spleen as well as a lack of bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) hyperplasia in the lungs. These differences coincided with increased IL-10 and decreased IFN-γ in the spleen of B. canis-infected mice. Previous exposure to all Brucella strains provided protection against colonization following secondary challenge, although induction of IFN-γ by T lymphocytes was seen only in the lungs during B. canis infection while the smooth strains induced this cytokine in the spleen as well. Neither Brucella strain induced significant polyfunctional T lymphocytes, a potential immunomodulatory mechanism that appears to be independent of lipopolysaccharide phenotype.
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Hamidi H, Bagheri Nejad R, Es-Haghi A, Ghassempour A. A Combination of MALDI-TOF MS Proteomics and Species-Unique Biomarkers' Discovery for Rapid Screening of Brucellosis. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2022; 33:1530-1540. [PMID: 35816556 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is considered to be a zoonotic infection with a predominant incidence in most parts of Iran that may even simply involve diagnostic laboratory personnel. In the present study, we apply matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for rapid and reliable discrimination of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis, based on proteomic mass patterns from chemically treated whole-cell analyses. Biomarkers of the low molecular weight proteome in the MALDI-TOF MS spectra were assigned to conserved ribosomal and structural protein families that were found in genome assemblies of B. abortus and B. melitensis in the NCBI database. Significant protein mass signals successfully mapped to ribosomal proteins and structural proteins, such as integration host factor subunit alpha, cold-shock proteins, HU family DNA-binding protein, ATP synthase subunit C, and GNAT family N-acetyltransferase, with specific biomarker peaks that have been identified for each virulent and vaccine strain. Web-accessible bioinformatics algorithms, with a robust data analysis workflow, followed by ribosomal and structural protein mapping, significantly enhanced the reliable assignment of key proteins and accurate identification of Brucella species. Furthermore, clinical samples were analyzed to confirm the most dominant protein biomarker candidates and their relevance for the identifications of B. melitensis and B. abortus. With proper optimization, we envision that the presented MALDI-TOF MS proteomics analyses, coupled with special usage of bioinformatics, could be used as a cost-efficient strategy for the diagnostics of brucellosis and introduce a reliable identification protocol for species of dangerous bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Hamidi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 19839-69411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Department of Physico Chemistry, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Es-Haghi
- Department of Physico Chemistry, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 19839-69411 Tehran, Iran
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Mitroulis I, Chrysanthopoulou A, Divolis G, Ioannidis C, Ntinopoulou M, Tasis A, Konstantinidis T, Antoniadou C, Soteriou N, Lallas G, Mitka S, Lesche M, Dahl A, Gembardt S, Panopoulou M, Sideras P, Wielockx B, Coskun Ü, Ritis K, Skendros P. A gene expression map of host immune response in human brucellosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951232. [PMID: 35979363 PMCID: PMC9376622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease caused by intracellular pathogens of the genus Brucella. Brucella infects macrophages and evades clearance mechanisms, thus resulting in chronic parasitism. Herein, we studied the molecular changes that take place in human brucellosis both in vitro and ex vivo. RNA sequencing was performed in primary human macrophages (Mφ) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infected with a clinical strain of Brucella spp. We observed a downregulation in the expression of genes involved in host response, such as TNF signaling, IL-1β production, and phagosome formation in Mφ, and phosphatidylinositol signaling and TNF signaling in PMNs, being in line with the ability of the pathogen to survive within phagocytes. Further transcriptomic analysis of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PMNs from patients with acute brucellosis before treatment initiation and after successful treatment revealed a positive correlation of the molecular signature of active disease with pathways associated with response to interferons (IFN). We identified 24 common genes that were significantly altered in both PMNs and PBMCs, including genes involved in IFN signaling that were downregulated after treatment in both cell populations, and IL1R1 that was upregulated. The concentration of several inflammatory mediators was measured in the serum of these patients, and levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6 were found significantly increased before the treatment of acute brucellosis. An independent cohort of patients with chronic brucellosis also revealed increased levels of IFN-γ during relapse compared to remissions. Taken together, this study provides for the first time an in-depth analysis of the transcriptomic alterations that take place in human phagocytes upon infection, and in peripheral blood immune populations during active disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mitroulis
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Divolis
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Ioannidis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Ntinopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Athanasios Tasis
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Theocharis Konstantinidis
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christina Antoniadou
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - George Lallas
- R&D Department, P. Zafiropoulos S.A., Athens, Greece
| | - Stella Mitka
- School of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mathias Lesche
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Gembardt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Panopoulou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paschalis Sideras
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ünal Coskun
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- *Correspondence: Panagiotis Skendros,
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Mode S, Ketterer M, Québatte M, Dehio C. Antibiotic persistence of intracellular Brucella abortus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010635. [PMID: 35881641 PMCID: PMC9355222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human brucellosis caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen Brucella spp. is an endemic bacterial zoonosis manifesting as acute or chronic infections with high morbidity. Treatment typically involves a combination therapy of two antibiotics for several weeks to months, but despite this harsh treatment relapses occur at a rate of 5–15%. Although poor compliance and reinfection may account for a fraction of the observed relapse cases, it is apparent that the properties of the infectious agent itself may play a decisive role in this phenomenon. Methodology/Principal findings We used B. abortus carrying a dual reporter in a macrophage infection model to gain a better understanding of the efficacy of recommended therapies in cellulo. For this we used automated fluorescent microscopy as a prime read-out and developed specific CellProfiler pipelines to score infected macrophages at the population and the single cell level. Combining microscopy of constitutive and induced reporters with classical CFU determination, we quantified the protective nature of the Brucella intracellular lifestyle to various antibiotics and the ability of B. abortus to persist in cellulo despite harsh antibiotic treatments. Conclusion/Significance We demonstrate that treatment of infected macrophages with antibiotics at recommended concentrations fails to fully prevent growth and persistence of B. abortus in cellulo, which may be explained by a protective nature of the intracellular niche(s). Moreover, we show the presence of bona fide intracellular persisters upon antibiotic treatment, which are metabolically active and retain the full infectious potential, therefore constituting a plausible reservoir for reinfection and relapse. In conclusion, our results highlight the need to extend the spectrum of models to test new antimicrobial therapies for brucellosis to better reflect the in vivo infection environment, and to develop therapeutic approaches targeting the persister subpopulation. Brucellosis is a zoonosis endemic to many low- and middle-income countries around the world. Therapies recommended by the WHO are comprised of at least two antibiotics for several weeks, sometimes months. Relapses are frequent despite these harsh treatments. The underlying reasons for these relapses, besides reinfection and non-compliance to treatment, are unknown. Our study shows that Brucella abortus can form so called “persisters” in rich broth but also inside macrophages. This small bacterial subpopulation survives antibiotic treatment and resumes growth after removal of the antibiotics and could therefore serve as a reservoir for relapses in human brucellosis. Furthermore, we show that the intracellular lifestyle of Brucella has protective properties against recommended antibiotics as observed for other intracellular pathogens, highlighting the necessity to develop new infection models to assess antibiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Mode
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maxime Québatte
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (MQ); (CD)
| | - Christoph Dehio
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (MQ); (CD)
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He CY, Yang JH, Ye YB, Zhao HL, Liu MZ, Yang QL, Liu BS, He S, Chen ZL. Proteomic and Antibody Profiles Reveal Antigenic Composition and Signatures of Bacterial Ghost Vaccine of Brucella abortus A19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874871. [PMID: 35529865 PMCID: PMC9074784 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease that causes great economic losses. Vaccine immunisation is the main strategy for the prevention and control of brucellosis. Although live attenuated vaccines play important roles in the prevention of this disease, they also have several limitations, such as residual virulence and difficulty in the differentiation of immunisation and infection. We developed and evaluated a new bacterial ghost vaccine of Brucella abortus A19 by a new double inactivation method. The results showed that the bacterial ghost vaccine of Brucella represents a more safe and efficient vaccine for brucellosis. We further characterised the antigenic components and signatures of the vaccine candidate A19BG. Here, we utilised a mass spectrometry-based label-free relative quantitative proteomics approach to investigate the global proteomics changes in A19BGs compared to its parental A19. The proteomic analysis identified 2014 proteins, 1116 of which were differentially expressed compared with those in A19. The common immunological proteins of OMPs (Bcsp31, Omp25, Omp10, Omp19, Omp28, and Omp2a), HSPs (DnaK, GroS, and GroL), and SodC were enriched in the proteome of A19BG. By protein micro array-based antibody profiling, significant differences were observed between A19BG and A19 immune response, and a number of signature immunogenic proteins were identified. Two of these proteins, the BMEII0032 and BMEI0892 proteins were significantly different (P < 0.01) in distinguishing between A19 and A19BG immune sera and were identified as differential diagnostic antigens for the A19BG vaccine candidate. In conclusion, using comparative proteomics and antibody profiling, protein components and signature antigens were identified for the ghost vaccine candidate A19BG, which are valuable for further developing the vaccine and its monitoring assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yin-Bo Ye
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hai-Long Zhao
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
| | - Meng-Zhi Liu
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
| | - Qi-Lin Yang
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
| | - Bao-Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sun He
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
| | - Ze-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Technology Center, Tecon Biological Co., Ltd., Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Innovative Institute of Zoonoses, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Dadar M, Shahali Y, Fakhri Y. Brucellosis in Iranian livestock: A meta-epidemiological study. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104921. [PMID: 33930414 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease affecting human and livestock health. This meta-epidemiological study is aiming to draw a comprehensive picture of the Brucella prevalence in Iranian livestock, trying to estimate most affected subgroups as well as the most appropriate methods and sampling conditions for brucellosis screening programs. A literature search was performed among data published between 1 January 1970 and July 2020. Different subgroups were compared according to animal species, gender, age, sampling season, sampling locations as well as the diagnostic method used for brucellosis screening. To determine heterogeneity of studies, Chi-squared test was used and a random effect model (REM) estimated the pooled prevalence among subgroups. A total of 45 publications, comprising 240 studies/data-reports, were evaluated. A significant increase in the number of studies was found over time (Coefficient = 0.151, p value < 0.001). The most studied species in Iran was cow (n = 75), followed by sheep (n = 63), goat (n = 45), camel (n = 40) and Buffalo (n = 16). The most identified Brucella species in livestock were Brucella melitensis (n = 50), Brucella abortus (n = 39), mix infection of B. melitensis and B. abortus (n = 11) and vaccine strain of B. melitensis Rev1 (n = 4). PCR-based tests were the most common applied diagnostic method (n = 140), while the highest prevalence rate of positive samples was obtained by indirect ELISA (69%). The prevalence of brucellosis was significantly higher in females (10.91%) compared to males (8.23%). The meta-epidemiological study of brucellosis in Iranian livestock would help to strengthen surveillance, control and prevention approaches to counter the spread of this zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Youcef Shahali
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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VU SH, KIM B, REYES AWB, HUY TXN, LEE JH, KIM S, KIM HJ. Global metabolomic analysis of blood from mice infected with Brucella abortus. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:482-486. [PMID: 33473061 PMCID: PMC8025415 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understanding Brucella abortus infection, serum metabolites of B. abortus-infected and -uninfected mice were analyzed and twenty-one metabolites were tentatively identified at 3 and 14 days post-infection (d.p.i.). Level of most lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) was found to increase in infected mice at 3 d.p.i., while it was decreased at 14 d.p.i. as compared to uninfected mice. In contrast, acylcarnitines were initially reduced at 3 d.p.i then elevated after two-weeks of infection, while hydroxysanthine was increased at 14 d.p.i. in infected mice. Our findings suggest that the significant changes in LPCs and other identified metabolites may serve as potential biomarkers in acute phase of B. abortus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Hai VU
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of
Korea
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology–HUTECH, 475A Dien Bien Phu St., Ward 25, Binh Thanh
District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bomin KIM
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of
Korea
| | | | - Tran Xuan Ngoc HUY
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of
Korea
| | - John Hwa LEE
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk KIM
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of
Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin KIM
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of
Korea
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Taheri H, Amini B, Kamali M, Asadi M, Naderlou E. Functionalization of anti-Brucella antibody based on SNP and MNP nanoparticles for visual and spectrophotometric detection of Brucella. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 229:117891. [PMID: 31818642 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An Immuno-Nano-Biosensor with high sensitivity was designed based on iron and silica nanoparticles to detect B. abortus. Briefly explain, primary polyclonal antibody (IgG1) was conjugated on surface magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to form MNP-IgG1. Secondary polyclonal antibody (IgG2) and Horseradish Peroxidase enzyme were conjugated on silica nanoparticles (SNPs) to form HRP-SNP-IgG2. HRP-SNP-IgG2. MNP-IgG1 and HRP-SNP-IgG2 were added to B. abortus. The MNP-IgG1-B.abortus-IgG2-SNP-HRP complex was isolated from the reaction mixture using a magnet. After that, tetramethylbenzidine was added to the complex. The reaction was stopped with HCl and investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The nanoparticles' structure and size were investigated using SEM and DLS. Immuno-Nano-Biosensor sensitivity and specificity were determined. The SEM and DLS results indicated that the SNPs, MNPs, HRP-SNP-IgG2 and MNP-IgG1 size and structure were 35, 44, 60 and 56 nm, respectively. In addition, a good linear correlation was observed at 102-107 CFU mL-1 concentrations, which their linear equation and regression were Y = 0.3× + 0.18 and R2 0.982, respectively. The limitation of detecting B. abortus was 160 CFU mL-1. Finally, the results demonstrated that those designed Immuno-Nano-Biosensor could be specifically detected B. abortus and B. melitensis in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Taheri
- Nano biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Amini
- Department of biochemistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Kamali
- Nano biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Asadi
- Department of biochemistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Naderlou
- Department of biochemistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Reyes AWB, Arayan LT, Huy TXN, Vu SH, Kang CK, Min W, Lee HJ, Lee JH, Kim S. Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) blockade enhances resistance to bacterial internalization in RAW264.7 cells and AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, attenuates susceptibility to Brucella abortus 544 infection in a murine model. Vet Microbiol 2019; 237:108402. [PMID: 31585647 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling on the outcome of Brucella (B.) abortus 544 infection in murine macrophages and in a mouse model. CXCR4 manipulation were first evaluated for Brucella invasion and intracellular survival efficiency, mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK1/2, JNK, p38α) activation and generation of nitric oxide (NO), and then in the splenic bacterial proliferation and cytokine production in BALB/c mice. CXCR4 blockade is involved in the successful control of Brucella invasion, reduction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and inhibition of nitric oxide release from macrophages. Furthermore, using a reported CXCR4-specific antagonist AMD3100 resulted in splenomegaly but attenuated Brucella proliferation in these organs with elevated serum levels of MCP-1, TNF and IL-12. These findings provide insights on the contribution of CXCR4 signaling in the phagocytic pathway and immune modulation during B. abortus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Togonon Arayan
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Son Hai Vu
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Keun Kang
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Wongi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Jang Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Bayasgalan C, Chultemdorj T, Roth F, Zinsstag J, Hattendorf J, Badmaa B, Argamjav B, Schelling E. Risk factors of brucellosis seropositivity in Bactrian camels of Mongolia. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:342. [PMID: 30424746 PMCID: PMC6234668 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More information on brucellosis epidemiology in Bactrian camels is needed due to their growing economic and livelihood importance for herders and renewed efforts in Mongolia to eliminate brucellosis through mass vaccination of ruminants excluding camels. Brucellosis prevalence in camels increased over the past two decades. Random multi-stage cluster surveys were done in the Eastern provinces of Dornod and Sukhbaatar in 2013 and 2014 and in the Southern & Western provinces of Dornogobi, Umnogobi and Khovd in 2014 and 2015. A total of 1822 camels, 1155 cattle, and 3023 small ruminant sera were collected and tested with the Rose Bengal Test. In addition, 195 vaginal swabs and 250 milk samples for bacteriological culture were taken from livestock with history of abortion. RESULTS The overall apparent seroprevalence in camels was 2.3% (95% confidence interval 1.6-3.3). The main risk factor for camel seropositivity was being in an Eastern province when compared to Southern & Western provinces (odds ratio 13.2, 95% CI 5.3-32.4). Camel seroprevalences were stable over the two consecutive survey years, despite introduction of ruminant vaccination: 5.7% (95% CI 3.1-10.2%) and 5.8% (3.3-10.1%) in Eastern provinces and 0.4% (0.2-1.2%) and 0.5% (0.1-2.0%) in Southern & Western provinces. We isolated Brucella abortus from camels and cattle. Camel seropositivity was associated to keeping cattle together with camels. Monitoring of vaccination campaigns showed that coverage in cattle was insufficient because animals could not be adequately restrained. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that brucellosis is present with important seroprevalence in Mongolian camels and was endemic in Eastern provinces. Camel herd seropositivity was most closely associated to infection in cattle. Longer term monitoring is needed to assess whether camel seroprevalance decreases with ongoing vaccination in Mongolia. This should be coupled with further confirmation on Brucella spp. isolates. To date, only Brucella abortus was isolated, but camels are also susceptible to Brucella melitensis. Clear verbal and written information on disease prevention in livestock and household members is important, particularly for remote camel herders who had only moderate knowledge on brucellosis epidemiology and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimedtseren Bayasgalan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 17024, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tungalag Chultemdorj
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 17024, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Hattendorf
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Battsetseg Badmaa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 17024, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bayanzul Argamjav
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 17024, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Esther Schelling
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Peck D, Bruce M. The economic efficiency and equity of government policies on brucellosis: comparative insights from Albania and the United States of America. REV SCI TECH OIE 2018; 36:291-302. [PMID: 28926008 DOI: 10.20506/rst.36.1.2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease that causes recurring febrile illness in humans, as well as reproductive failure and reduced milk production in livestock. The cost of brucellosis is equal to the sum of lost productivity of humans and animals, as well as private and public expenditures on brucellosis surveillance, prevention, control and treatment. In Albania, Brucella abortus and B. melitensis affect humans, cattle and small ruminants. In the United States, B. abortus affects cattle and wild ungulates in the Greater Yellowstone Area. These two case studies illustrate the importance of place-specific context in developing sustainable and effective brucellosis mitigation policies. Government regulations and mitigation strategies should be designed with consideration of all costs and benefits, both to public agencies and private stakeholders. Policy-makers should, for example, weigh the benefits of a regulation that increases epidemiological certainty against the costs of compliance for producers and households. The distribution of costs and benefits amongst public agencies and private individuals can have important implications for a policy's economic efficiency and equity quite apart from their total magnitude.
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Reyes AWB, Hop HT, Arayan LT, Huy TXN, Park SJ, Kim KD, Min W, Lee HJ, Rhee MH, Kwak YS, Kim S. The host immune enhancing agent Korean red ginseng oil successfully attenuates Brucella abortus infection in a murine model. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 198:5-14. [PMID: 28012988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax ginseng Meyer (Araliaceae), is one of the most valuable traditional Chinese medicines and is used for the treatment of various human diseases. In this study, we elucidated the protective mechanism of the essential oil from Korean red ginseng (RGO) against Brucella infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of RGO on Brucella abortus viability, NO production, uptake and intracellular growth in macrophages were investigated. Mice were intraperitoneally infected with B. abortus and orally treated with RGO for 14 days. The weights and bacterial numbers from each spleen were monitored, and the sera were evaluated for cytokine production. RESULTS B. abortus viability was not affected, whereas NO production, internalization and intracellular replication were inhibited in RGO-treated macrophages. Bacterial adherence, F-actin polymerization and MAPK signaling protein phosphorylation (ERK1/2, JNK and p38α) were reduced and the co-localization of B. abortus-containing phagosomes with LAMP-1 was augmented in RGO-treated cells compared to untreated cells. RGO displayed protective effects against cell damage by inhibiting nitrite production during B. abortus infection in macrophages. Moreover, the spleen weight and bacterial burden were lower in the RGO-treated group than in the control group. The uninfected RGO-treated mice displayed increased TNF-α and IFN-γ production, whereas the B. abortus-infected RGO-treated mice showed reduced IL-10 production compared to the control. CONCLUSION RGO exhibits protective effects against B. abortus infection in vitro and in vivo, which emphasize the beneficial effects of RGO in the prevention and treatment of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines.
| | - Huynh Tan Hop
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lauren Togonon Arayan
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Jong Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - WonGi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hu Jang Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yi-Seong Kwak
- Research Institute of Technology, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Taejon 305-805, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Njeru J, Melzer F, Wareth G, El-Adawy H, Henning K, Pletz MW, Heller R, Kariuki S, Fèvre E, Neubauer H. Human Brucellosis in Febrile Patients Seeking Treatment at Remote Hospitals, Northeastern Kenya, 2014-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:2160-2164. [PMID: 27662463 PMCID: PMC5189133 DOI: 10.3201/eid2212.160285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During 2014–2015, patients in northeastern Kenya were assessed for brucellosis and characteristics that might help clinicians identify brucellosis. Among 146 confirmed brucellosis patients, 29 (20%) had negative serologic tests. No clinical feature was a good indicator of infection, which was associated with animal contact and drinking raw milk.
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Njeru J, Wareth G, Melzer F, Henning K, Pletz MW, Heller R, Neubauer H. Systematic review of brucellosis in Kenya: disease frequency in humans and animals and risk factors for human infection. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:853. [PMID: 27549329 PMCID: PMC4994226 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis is a debilitating zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals. A comprehensive, evidence-based assessment of literature and officially available data on animal and human brucellosis for Kenya are missing. The aim of the current review is to provide frequency estimates of brucellosis in humans, animals and risk factors for human infection, and help to understand the current situation in Kenya. METHODS A total of accessible 36 national and international publications on brucellosis from 1916 to 2016 were reviewed to estimate the frequency of brucellosis in humans and animals, and strength of associations between potential risk factors and seropositivity in humans in Kenya. RESULTS The conducted studies revealed only few and fragmented evidence of the disease spatial and temporal distribution in an epidemiological context. Bacteriological evidence revealed the presence of Brucella (B.) abortus and B. melitensis in cattle and human patients, whilst B. suis was isolated from wild rodents only. Similar evidence for Brucella spp infection in small ruminants and other animal species is unavailable. The early and most recent serological studies revealed that animal brucellosis is widespread in all animal production systems. The animal infection pressure in these systems has remained strong due to mixing of large numbers of animals from different geographical regions, movement of livestock in search of pasture, communal sharing of grazing land, and the concentration of animals around water points. Human cases are more likely seen in groups occupationally or domestically exposed to livestock or practicing risky social-cultural activities such as consumption of raw blood and dairy products, and slaughtering of animals within the homesteads. Many brucellosis patients are misdiagnosed and probably mistreated due to lack of reliable laboratory diagnostic support resulting to adverse health outcomes of the patients and routine disease underreporting. We found no studies of disease incidence estimates or disease control efforts. CONCLUSION The risk for re-emergence and transmission of brucellosis is evident as a result of the co-existence of animal husbandry activities and social-cultural activities that promote brucellosis transmission. Well-designed countrywide, evidence-based, and multidisciplinary studies of brucellosis at the human/livestock/wildlife interface are needed. These could help to generate reliable frequency and potential impact estimates, to identify Brucella reservoirs, and to propose control strategies of proven efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Njeru
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Naumburger str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
- Centre for Microbiology Research (CMR), Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 19464-00202, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G. Wareth
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Naumburger str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Egypt
| | - F. Melzer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Naumburger str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - K. Henning
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Naumburger str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M. W. Pletz
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - R. Heller
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - H. Neubauer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Naumburger str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Tabynov K, Yespembetov B, Ryskeldinova S, Zinina N, Kydyrbayev Z, Kozhamkulov Y, Inkarbekov D, Sansyzbay A. Prime-booster vaccination of cattle with an influenza viral vector Brucella abortus vaccine induces a long-term protective immune response against Brucella abortus infection. Vaccine 2015; 34:438-444. [PMID: 26709638 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the duration of the antigen-specific humoral and T-cell immune responses and protectiveness of a recently-developed influenza viral vector Brucella abortus (Flu-BA) vaccine expressing Brucella proteins Omp16 and L7/L12 and containing the adjuvant Montadine Gel01 in cattle. At 1 month post-booster vaccination (BV), both humoral (up to 3 months post-BV; GMT IgG ELISA titer 214±55 to 857±136, with a prevalence of IgG2a over IgG1 isotype antibodies) and T-cell immune responses were observed in vaccinated heifers (n=35) compared to control animals (n=35, injected with adjuvant/PBS only). A pronounced T-cell immune response was induced and maintained for 12 months post-BV, as indicated by the lymphocyte stimulation index (2.7±0.4 to 10.1±0.9 cpm) and production of IFN-γ (13.7±1.7 to 40.0±3.0 ng/ml) at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-BV. Prime-boost vaccination provided significant protection against B. abortus infection at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months (study duration) post-BV (7 heifers per time point; alpha=0.03-0.01 vs. control group). Between 57.1 and 71.4% of vaccinated animals showed no signs of B. abortus infection (or Brucella isolation) at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-BV; the severity of infection, as indicated by the index of infection (P=0.0003 to <0.0001) and rates of Brucella colonization (P=0.03 to <0.0001), was significantly lower for vaccinated diseased animals than appropriate control animals. Good protection from B. abortus infection was also observed among pregnant vaccinated heifers (alpha=0.03), as well as their fetuses and calves (alpha=0.01), for 12 months post-BV. Additionally, 71.4% of vaccinated heifers calved successfully whereas all pregnant control animals aborted (alpha=0.01). Prime-boost vaccination of cattle with Flu-BA induces an antigen-specific humoral and pronounced T cell immune response and most importantly provides good protectiveness, even in pregnant heifers, for at least 12 months post-BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaissar Tabynov
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan.
| | - Bolat Yespembetov
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Ryskeldinova
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Nadezhda Zinina
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhailaubay Kydyrbayev
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerken Kozhamkulov
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Dulat Inkarbekov
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Abylai Sansyzbay
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Zhambulskaya oblast, Kordaiskiy rayon, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
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Mol JPS, Costa EA, Carvalho AF, Sun YH, Tsolis RM, Paixão TA, Santos RL. Early transcriptional responses of bovine chorioallantoic membrane explants to wild type, ΔvirB2 or ΔbtpB Brucella abortus infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108606. [PMID: 25259715 PMCID: PMC4178178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the Brucella-induced inflammatory response in the bovine placenta is not completely understood. In this study we evaluated the role of the B. abortus Type IV secretion system and the anti-inflammatory factor BtpB in early interactions with bovine placental tissues. Transcription profiles of chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) explants inoculated with wild type (strain 2308), ΔvirB2 or ΔbtpB Brucella abortus were compared by microarray analysis at 4 hours post infection. Transcripts with significant variation (>2 fold change; P<0.05) were functionally classified, and transcripts related to defense and inflammation were assessed by quantitative real time RT-PCR. Infection with wild type B. abortus resulted in slightly more genes with decreased than increased transcription levels. Conversely, infection of trophoblastic cells with the ΔvirB2 or the ΔbtpB mutant strains, that lack a functional T4SS or that has impaired inhibition of TLR signaling, respectively, induced more upregulated than downregulated genes. Wild type Brucella abortus impaired transcription of host genes related to immune response when compared to ΔvirB and ΔbtpB mutants. Our findings suggest that proinflammatory genes are negatively modulated in bovine trophoblastic cells at early stages of infection. The virB operon and btpB are directly or indirectly related to modulation of these host genes. These results shed light on the early interactions between B. abortus and placental tissue that ultimately culminate in inflammatory pathology and abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P. S. Mol
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Erica A. Costa
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alex F. Carvalho
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Yao-Hui Sun
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Reneé M. Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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