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Kim BM, Jeon GS, Choi MJ, Hong NS. Usefulness of transcatheter arterial embolization for eighty-three patients with secondary postpartum hemorrhage: Focusing on difference in angiographic findings. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3471-3480. [PMID: 37383902 PMCID: PMC10294178 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has been widely used as an effective and a safe treatment method and was often used as an alternative to the surgical management, but there are limited studies on the efficacy and the safety for patients undergoing their secondary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
AIM To evaluate the usefulness of TAE for secondary PPH focusing on the angiographic findings.
METHODS We conducted a research from January 2008 to July 2022 on all 83 patients (mean: 32 years, range: 24-43 years) presented with secondary PPH and they were treated with TAE in two university hospitals. The medical records and angiography were retrospective reviewed in order to evaluate the patients’ characteristics, delivery details, clinical status and peri-embolization management, angiography and embolization details, technical/clinical success and complications. The group with active bleeding sign and the group without it were also compared and analyzed.
RESULTS On angiography, 46 (55.4%) patients showed active bleeding signs such as contrast extravasation (n = 37) or pseudoaneurysm (n = 8) or both (n = 1), and 37 (44.6%) patients showed non-active bleeding signs such as only spastic uterine artery (n = 2) or hyperemia (n = 35). In the active bleeding sign group there were more multiparous patients, low platelet count, prothrombin time prolongation, and high transfusion requirements. The technical success rates were 97.8% (45/46) in active bleeding sign group and 91.9% (34/37) in non-active bleeding sign group, and the overall clinical success rates were 95.7% (44/46) and 97.3% (36/37). An uterine rupture with peritonitis and abscess formation occurred to one patient after the embolization, therefore hysterostomy and retained placenta removal were performed which was a major complication.
CONCLUSION TAE is an effective and a safe treatment method for controlling secondary PPH regardless of angiographic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Man Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Gyeong Sik Jeon
- Department of Radiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Nam-Soo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
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2
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Hong HJ, Joung KH, Kim YK, Choi MJ, Kang SG, Kim JT, Kang YE, Chang JY, Moon JH, Jun S, Ro HJ, Lee Y, Kim H, Park JH, Kang BE, Jo Y, Choi H, Ryu D, Lee CH, Kim H, Park KS, Kim HJ, Shong M. Mitoribosome insufficiency in β cells is associated with type 2 diabetes-like islet failure. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:932-945. [PMID: 35804190 PMCID: PMC9355985 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variations in mitoribosomal subunits and mitochondrial transcription factors are related to type 2 diabetes. However, the role of islet mitoribosomes in the development of type 2 diabetes has not been determined. We investigated the effects of the mitoribosomal gene on β-cell function and glucose homeostasis. Mitoribosomal gene expression was analyzed in datasets from the NCBI GEO website (GSE25724, GSE76894, and GSE76895) and the European Nucleotide Archive (ERP017126), which contain the transcriptomes of type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic organ donors. We found deregulation of most mitoribosomal genes in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, including partial downregulation of CRIF1. The phenotypes of haploinsufficiency in a single mitoribosomal gene were examined using β-cell-specific Crif1 (Mrpl59) heterozygous-deficient mice. Crif1beta+/− mice had normal glucose tolerance, but their islets showed a loss of first-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. They also showed increased β-cell mass associated with higher expression of Reg family genes. However, Crif1beta+/− mice showed earlier islet failure in response to high-fat feeding, which was exacerbated by aging. Haploinsufficiency of a single mitoribosomal gene predisposes rodents to glucose intolerance, which resembles the early stages of type 2 diabetes in humans. Disruptions in the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery give rise to metabolic disturbances that lay the foundation for type 2 diabetes. As physiological glucose levels rise, the energy-generating machinery of the mitochondria responds with increased activity, which stimulates insulin secretion. Many proteins responsible for mitochondrial metabolism are produced by ribosomes within this cellular organelle. Researchers led by Hyun Jin Kim and Minho Shong at Chungnam National University, Daejon, South Korea, have determined that mutations affecting a mitochondrial ribosomal protein called CRIF1 can lead to impaired insulin release. Mice with reduced CRIF1 were initially healthy, but as they aged, exhibited signs of impaired pancreatic function similar to those seen in patients with early-stage diabetes. This process was accelerated by consumption of a high-fat diet, and the researchers propose that this mechanism may be directly relevant to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Joon Ho Moon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Ro
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Yujeong Lee
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Park
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 704-200, Korea
| | - Baeki E Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Heejung Choi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26426, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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3
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Choi HI, Choi MJ, Kim BM, Namgung H, Choi SK. Identifying Small Bowel Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor as the Culprit Lesion in Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Emphasis on Angiographic Findings. Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe Chi 2022; 83:400-405. [PMID: 36237930 PMCID: PMC9514442 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are not uncommon and often cause gastrointestinal bleeding. GISTs occurring in the small intestine are occasionally difficult to identify by endoscopy and CT. In this case, the patient underwent CT three times before surgery, and the lesion was found to be located in a different area of the abdominal cavity on each CT scan. Moreover, the lesion was missed in the first two CT images because it was difficult to distinguish it from the nearby collapsed small intestine. The lesion was eventually detected through angiography; however, the correct diagnosis and treatment were delayed for 3 years because it was mistaken for a vascular malformation, which is the most common cause of obscure GI bleeding in elderly patients. This report emphasizes the need for interventional radiologists to be updated and vigilant of the angiographic features of GISTs to make an accurate diagnosis and establish a management strategy.
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Asrih M, Dusaulcy R, Gosmain Y, Philippe J, Somm E, Jornayvaz FR, Kang BE, Jo Y, Choi MJ, Yi HS, Ryu D, Gariani K. Growth differentiation factor-15 prevents glucotoxicity and connexin-36 downregulation in pancreatic beta-cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 541:111503. [PMID: 34763008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which is an energy homeostasis regulator, has been shown to improve several metabolic parameters in the context of diabetes. However, its effects on pancreatic beta-cell remain to be identified. We, therefore, performed experiments using cell models and histological sectioning of wild-type and knock-out GDF15 mice to determine the effect of GDF15 on insulin secretion and cell viability. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify GDF15-correlated genes. GDF15 prevents glucotoxicity-mediated altered glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and connexin-36 downregulation. Inhibition of endogenous GDF15 reduced GSIS in cultured mouse beta-cells under standard conditions while it had no impact on GSIS in cells exposed to glucolipotoxicity, which is a diabetogenic condition. Furthermore, this inhibition exacerbated glucolipotoxicity-reduced cell survival. This suggests that endogenous GDF15 in beta-cell is required for cell survival but not GSIS in the context of glucolipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Asrih
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rodolphe Dusaulcy
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Gosmain
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Philippe
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Somm
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Baeki E Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 35015, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 06351, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Karim Gariani
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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5
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Jung Y, Choi MJ, Kim BM, Kim YM, Seo Y. Transarterial Embolization for Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipoma: Patient Selection and Technical Considerations for Optimal Therapeutic Outcomes. J Korean Soc Radiol 2022; 83:559-581. [PMID: 36238509 PMCID: PMC9514513 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign tumor, treatment may be necessary occasionally because it can cause potentially life-threatening retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Transarterial embolization (TAE) is a safe and effective treatment option to prevent the hemorrhagic rupture of AMLs and relieve the symptoms caused by enlarged lesions or active bleeding. However, there is no clear consensus regarding the indications for prophylactic TAE in patients with sporadic renal AMLs. In urgent TAE for bleeding AMLs, there is a likelihood of incomplete embolization when the focus is on stabilizing the clinical symptoms. This pictorial essay discusses the patient selection and technical considerations to achieve optimal therapeutic effects as well as the follow-up findings after TAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yena Jung
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Man Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - You Me Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yumi Seo
- Department of Urology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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6
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Choi MJ, Yang JW, Lee S, Kim JY, Oh JW, Lee J, Stubbs B, Lee KH, Koyanagi A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Hwang J, Dragioti E, Jacob L, Carvalho AF, Radua J, Thompson T, Smith L, Fornaro M, Stickley A, Bettac EL, Han YJ, Kronbichler A, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Lee E, Solmi M. Suicide associated with COVID-19 infection: an immunological point of view. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6397-6407. [PMID: 34730221 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_27013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and leading cause of death. Beyond the deaths directly caused by the virus and the suicides related to the psychological response to the dramatic changes as socioeconomic related to the pandemic, there might also be suicides related to the inflammatory responses of the infection. Infection induces inflammation as a cytokine storm, and there is an increasing number of studies that report a relationship between infection and suicide. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the World Health Organization status report and the PubMed database for keywords (COVID-19, suicide, infection, inflammation, cytokines), and reviewed five cytokine pathways between suicide and inflammation using two meta-analyses and two observational studies starting from November 31, 2020, focusing on the relationship between suicide and inflammation by infection. First, we discussed existing evidence explaining the relationship between suicidal behaviors and inflammation. Second, we summarized the inflammatory features found in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we highlight the potential for these factors to affect the risk of suicide in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Patients infected with COVID-19 have high amounts of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IP10, and MCP1, which may lead to Th1 cell response activation. Also, Th2 cytokines (e.g., IL-4 and IL-10) were increased in COVID-19 infection. In COVID-19 patients, neurological conditions, like headache, dizziness, ataxia, seizures, and others have been observed. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 pandemic can serve as a significant environmental factor contributing directly to increased suicide risk; the role of inflammation by an infection should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Kang SG, Choi MJ, Jung SB, Chung HK, Chang JY, Kim JT, Kang YE, Lee JH, Hong HJ, Jun SM, Ro HJ, Suh JM, Kim H, Auwerx J, Yi HS, Shong M. Differential roles of GDF15 and FGF21 in systemic metabolic adaptation to the mitochondrial integrated stress response. iScience 2021; 24:102181. [PMID: 33718833 PMCID: PMC7920832 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of mitochondrial proteostasis provokes cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous responses that contribute to homeostatic adaptation. Here, we demonstrate distinct metabolic effects of hepatic metabokines as cell non-autonomous factors in mice with mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction. Liver-specific mitochondrial stress induced by a loss-of-function mutation in Crif1 (LKO) leads to aberrant oxidative phosphorylation and promotes the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. LKO mice are highly insulin sensitive and resistant to diet-induced obesity. The hepatocytes of LKO mice secrete large quantities of metabokines, including GDF15 and FGF21, which confer metabolic benefits. We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of LKO mice with global deficiency of GDF15 or FGF21 and show that GDF15 regulates body and fat mass and prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis, whereas FGF21 upregulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue. This study reveals that the mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISRmt) in liver mediates metabolic adaptation through hepatic metabokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Ro
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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8
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Kang GM, Min SH, Lee CH, Kim JY, Lim HS, Choi MJ, Jung SB, Park JW, Kim S, Park CB, Dugu H, Choi JH, Jang WH, Park SE, Cho YM, Kim JG, Kim KG, Choi CS, Kim YB, Lee C, Shong M, Kim MS. Mitohormesis in Hypothalamic POMC Neurons Mediates Regular Exercise-Induced High-Turnover Metabolism. Cell Metab 2021; 33:334-349.e6. [PMID: 33535098 PMCID: PMC7959183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade mitochondrial stress can promote health and longevity, a phenomenon termed mitohormesis. Here, we demonstrate the opposing metabolic effects of low-level and high-level mitochondrial ribosomal (mitoribosomal) stress in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. POMC neuron-specific severe mitoribosomal stress due to Crif1 homodeficiency causes obesity in mice. By contrast, mild mitoribosomal stress caused by Crif1 heterodeficiency in POMC neurons leads to high-turnover metabolism and resistance to obesity. These metabolic benefits are mediated by enhanced thermogenesis and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (UPRmt) in distal adipose tissues. In POMC neurons, partial Crif1 deficiency increases the expression of β-endorphin (β-END) and mitochondrial DNA-encoded peptide MOTS-c. Central administration of MOTS-c or β-END recapitulates the adipose phenotype of Crif1 heterodeficient mice, suggesting these factors as potential mediators. Consistently, regular running exercise at moderate intensity stimulates hypothalamic MOTS-c/β-END expression and induces adipose tissue UPRmt and thermogenesis. Our findings indicate that POMC neuronal mitohormesis may underlie exercise-induced high-turnover metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Myoung Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Se Hee Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Ji Ye Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seongjun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chae Beom Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hong Dugu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jong Han Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Won Hee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Se Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Young Min Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Kyung-Gon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Gachon University, Inchon 21999, Korea
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Changhan Lee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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Choi MJ, Jung SB, Chang JY, Shong M. Cellular and Intercellular Homeostasis in Adipose Tissue with Mitochondria-Specific Stress. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:1-11. [PMID: 33677920 PMCID: PMC7937835 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracrine interactions are imperative for the maintenance of adipose tissue intercellular homeostasis, and intracellular organelle dysfunction results in local and systemic alterations in metabolic homeostasis. It is currently accepted that mitochondrial proteotoxic stress activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in vitro and in vivo. The induction of mitochondrial chaperones and proteases during the UPRmt is a key cell-autonomous mechanism of mitochondrial quality control. The UPRmt also affects systemic metabolism through the secretion of cell non-autonomous peptides and cytokines (hereafter, metabokines). Mitochondrial function in adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in whole-body metabolism and human diseases. Despite continuing interest in the role of the UPRmt and quality control pathways of mitochondria in energy metabolism, studies on the roles of the UPRmt and metabokines in white adipose tissue are relatively sparse. Here, we describe the role of the UPRmt in adipose tissue, including adipocytes and resident macrophages, and the interactive roles of cell non-autonomous metabokines, particularly growth differentiation factor 15, in local adipose cellular homeostasis and systemic energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Center for Biomolecular & Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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10
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Yoo HW, Choi MJ, Kim BM. Inferior Mesenteric Artery Embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate for Life-Threatening Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review. J Korean Soc Radiol 2021; 82:693-699. [PMID: 36238789 PMCID: PMC9432431 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
하장간막동맥은 산후출혈의 매우 드문 출혈 혈관이다. 저자들은 질분만 후 하장간막동맥에서 출혈이 있었던 일차성 산후출혈 두 개의 증례를 보고한다. 두 환자 모두 저혈량성 쇼크의 징후를 보이고 있었고, 파종성혈관내응고가 의심되는 상태였다. 산후출혈의 흔한 출혈 혈관인 자궁동맥을 색전한 후에도 출혈은 지속되었다. 하장간막동맥 혈관조영술에서 상직장동맥으로부터 조영제의 혈관외누출이 확인되어 N-butyl cyanoacrylate를 이용한 선택적 색전술을 시행하였다. 이 증례를 통해 산도 손상에 의한 산후출혈이 조절되지 않고 지속될 때 하장간막동맥이 출혈 동맥일 수 있다는 점을 강조하고자 한다.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Won Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Man Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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11
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Choi MJ, Jung SB, Lee SE, Kang SG, Lee JH, Ryu MJ, Chung HK, Chang JY, Kim YK, Hong HJ, Kim H, Kim HJ, Lee CH, Mardinoglu A, Yi HS, Shong M. An adipocyte-specific defect in oxidative phosphorylation increases systemic energy expenditure and protects against diet-induced obesity in mouse models. Diabetologia 2020; 63:837-852. [PMID: 31925461 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is essential for energy production and survival. However, the tissue-specific and systemic metabolic effects of OxPhos function in adipocytes remain incompletely understood. METHODS We used adipocyte-specific Crif1 (also known as Gadd45gip1) knockout (AdKO) mice with decreased adipocyte OxPhos function. AdKO mice fed a normal chow or high-fat diet were evaluated for glucose homeostasis, weight gain and energy expenditure (EE). RNA sequencing of adipose tissues was used to identify the key mitokines affected in AdKO mice, which included fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). For in vitro analysis, doxycycline was used to pharmacologically decrease OxPhos in 3T3L1 adipocytes. To identify the effects of GDF15 and FGF21 on the metabolic phenotype of AdKO mice, we generated AdKO mice with global Gdf15 knockout (AdGKO) or global Fgf21 knockout (AdFKO). RESULTS Under high-fat diet conditions, AdKO mice were resistant to weight gain and exhibited higher EE and improved glucose tolerance. In vitro pharmacological and in vivo genetic inhibition of OxPhos in adipocytes significantly upregulated mitochondrial unfolded protein response-related genes and secretion of mitokines such as GDF15 and FGF21. We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of AdGKO and AdFKO mice, revealing that GDF15 and FGF21 differentially regulated energy homeostasis in AdKO mice. Both mitokines had beneficial effects on obesity and insulin resistance in the context of decreased adipocyte OxPhos, but only GDF15 regulated EE in AdKO mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The present study demonstrated that the adipose tissue adaptive mitochondrial stress response affected systemic energy homeostasis via cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous pathways. We identified novel roles for adipose OxPhos and adipo-mitokines in the regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis and EE, which facilitated adaptation of an organism to local mitochondrial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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Im YJ, Choi MJ, Kim BM. Lethal Hemomediastinum due to Spontaneous Rupture of an Aberrant Bronchial Artery in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Successful Treatment with Embolization. J Korean Soc Radiol 2020; 81:958-964. [PMID: 36238187 PMCID: PMC9432196 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.81.4.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
신경섬유종증 1형 환자에서 혈관 이상에 의한 자발성 출혈은 드물지만, 환자에게 치명적인 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 본 저자들은 신경섬유종증 1형 환자에서 발생한 자발성 종격동혈종에 대한 증례를 소개하고자 한다. 출혈은 동측 쇄골하동맥에서 나오는 이소성 기관지동맥의 파열이 원인이었고, coil과 N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate를 이용한 색전술을 통해 성공적으로 치료하였다.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jin Im
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Man Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Lee SJ, Choi MJ, Kim BM, Kim SY. Ovarian Artery Rupture Presenting with a Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage of an Anticoagulated Patient: A Successful Treatment with Embolization. J Korean Soc Radiol 2020; 81:1453-1458. [PMID: 36237730 PMCID: PMC9431830 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage is a potentially lethal complication in patients on anticoagulant therapy and can be caused by ovarian artery bleeding, regardless of the patients' age and obstetric history. This case illustrates the clinical presentation of ovarian artery bleeding in a postmenopausal female on anticoagulant therapy, the diagnostic utility of transcatheter angiography, and successful embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jeong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Man Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Shin S, Lim S, Song JY, Kim D, Choi MJ, Gadhe CG, Park AY, Pae AN, Kim YK. Development of an Aryloxazole Derivative as a Brain-Permeable Anti-Glioblastoma Agent. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11100497. [PMID: 31569420 PMCID: PMC6835410 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma drug development has been difficult due to the extremely low blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration of conventional anti-cancer agents. P-glycoprotein, an efflux membrane transporter, is responsible for the poor brain uptake of small and hydrophobic drug substances. To develop brain-penetrable anti-tumor agents, we designed colchicine derivatives containing an aryloxazole moiety, which is known to inhibit P-glycoprotein. Among those tested, an aryloxazole derivative named KIST-G1 showed the strongest anti-glioblastoma cell proliferation activity (IC50 = 3.2 ± 0.8 nM). Compared to colchicine, KIST-G1 showed dramatically increased BBB-permeable properties presenting 51.7 ± 0.5 (10-6 cm/s) parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) permeability and 45.0 ± 6.0% of P-gp inhibition. Aid by the BBB-permeable properties, KIST-G1 (5 mg/kg) suppressed glioblastoma cell growth and migration almost completely in the brain of glioblastoma xenograft models by showing 98.2 ± 0.1% reduced tumor area compared with phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-injected control. In comparison, temozolomide, which is the most widely used drug for glioblastoma, showed only moderate effects. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of an aryloxazole moiety in targeting brain tumors and suggest KIST-G1 as a potent anti-glioblastoma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Shin
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
| | - Sungsu Lim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Song
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - Dohee Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - Changdev G Gadhe
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - A Young Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain science institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02791, Korea.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
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Choi MJ, Kim SY. RE: Spinal Enumeration by Morphologic Analysis of Spinal Variants: Comparison to Counting in a Cranial-To-Caudal Manner. Korean J Radiol 2019; 20:693-694. [PMID: 30887751 PMCID: PMC6424828 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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16
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Choi MJ, Kim PH, Shin JH, Kim JW, Gwon DI, Kim JH, Ko GY, Yoon HK, Ohm JY. Angiographic management of percutaneous renal procedure-related bleeding: A single-center experience. Int J Urol 2018; 26:406-412. [PMID: 30575138 DOI: 10.1111/iju.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To present the radiological and clinical results of transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with active bleeding after percutaneous renal procedures. METHODS A total of 79 consecutive patients who underwent angiography for percutaneous renal procedure-related bleeding were included in the present retrospective analysis. Patient characteristics, angiographic management and clinical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS On angiography, bleeding foci were observed in 81.0% of the patients (64/79), all of whom underwent transcatheter arterial embolization. Among the 15 patients (19.0%) with negative angiographic findings, empirical transcatheter arterial embolization was carried out in six patients (40.0%). The technical success rate in 64 patients with positive angiographic findings was 100%, and the clinical success rate in 70 patients who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization was 85.7% (60/70). A total of 14.3% (10/70) of patients with clinical failure underwent repeat transcatheter arterial embolization and all achieved clinical recovery. There were no major complications. There was no statistical difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate values before the percutaneous renal procedure and those measured 7 days after transcatheter arterial embolization (43.4 ± 24.4 to 44.6 ± 25.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 ; P = 0.189). Clinical failure was not associated with age, sex, type of renal procedures, bleeding tendency, presence of active bleeding on angiography, latency time and embolic agents used (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Transcatheter arterial embolization is a safe and effective method of treating percutaneous renal procedure-related bleeding without renal function deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Pyeong Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Il Gwon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Ko
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ki Yoon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Ohm
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Nano ScienceEwha Womans University Seoul 120‐750 South Korea
- School of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Life ChemistryDaegu Catholic University Gyeongsan 38430 South Korea
| | - Gyoungmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano ScienceEwha Womans University Seoul 120‐750 South Korea
| | - Sang‐Hyup Lee
- Department of Life ChemistryDaegu Catholic University Gyeongsan 38430 South Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano ScienceEwha Womans University Seoul 120‐750 South Korea
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18
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Jin CS, So JY, Shin KH, Ha EB, Choi MJ, Park SK, Lee YJ, Yeon SH. Effect of organophosphorus compound additives for thermal stability on the positive electrolyte of a vanadium redox flow battery. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-018-1227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Lee JH, Kim JM, Choi MJ, Kang YE, Joung KH, Yi HS, Kim KS, Ku BJ, Koo BS, Shong M, Kim HJ. Clinical Implications of UCP1 mRNA Expression in Human Cervical Adipose Tissue Under Physiological Conditions. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1008-1016. [PMID: 29698580 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical implications of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) were investigated based on the analysis of cervical adipose tissue gene expression under normal physiological conditions. METHODS Matched-pair specimens of adipose tissue (AT) were collected from beneath the incision plane (subcutaneous AT) and from the area surrounding the carotid sheath (carotid AT) from 60 patients undergoing thyroidectomy. The mRNA expression of BAT-associated genes in these tissues was examined, and this expression was correlated with the clinical characteristics of the subjects. RESULTS The UCP1 mRNA level was significantly higher in the carotid AT than in the subcutaneous AT. There was an inverse correlation between subject age and the ratio of UCP1 mRNA expression in the carotid AT relative to the subcutaneous AT, which is a measure of BAT activity (r = -0.459; P = 0.004), and there was a negative correlation between BMI and the ratio of UCP1 mRNA expression in subjects with higher BAT activity (r = -0.532; P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS UCP1 was identified as the only marker of cervical BAT in humans. There was a negative correlation between obesity and BAT activity in subjects with higher BAT activity, although BAT activity decreased with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Medicine Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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20
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Jung SB, Choi MJ, Ryu D, Yi HS, Lee SE, Chang JY, Chung HK, Kim YK, Kang SG, Lee JH, Kim KS, Kim HJ, Kim CS, Lee CH, Williams RW, Kim H, Lee HK, Auwerx J, Shong M. Reduced oxidative capacity in macrophages results in systemic insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1551. [PMID: 29674655 PMCID: PMC5908799 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative functions of adipose tissue macrophages control the polarization of M1-like and M2-like phenotypes, but whether reduced macrophage oxidative function causes systemic insulin resistance in vivo is not clear. Here, we show that mice with reduced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) due to myeloid-specific deletion of CR6-interacting factor 1 (Crif1), an essential mitoribosomal factor involved in biogenesis of OxPhos subunits, have M1-like polarization of macrophages and systemic insulin resistance with adipose inflammation. Macrophage GDF15 expression is reduced in mice with impaired oxidative function, but induced upon stimulation with rosiglitazone and IL-4. GDF15 upregulates the oxidative function of macrophages, leading to M2-like polarization, and reverses insulin resistance in ob/ob mice and HFD-fed mice with myeloid-specific deletion of Crif1. Thus, reduced macrophage oxidative function controls systemic insulin resistance and adipose inflammation, which can be reversed with GDF15 and leads to improved oxidative function of macrophages. M1-like polarization of macrophages is thought to control adipose inflammation and associated insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Here the authors show that macrophage-specific deletion of the OxPhos-related gene Crif1 results in an M1-like phenotype in mice, and that the effects can be reversed by recombinant GDF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Biology, Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Cuk-Seong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34051, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34051, Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.
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21
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Kang YE, Kim JM, Kim KS, Chang JY, Jung M, Lee J, Yi S, Kim HW, Kim JT, Lee K, Choi MJ, Kang SK, Lee SE, Yi HS, Koo BS, Shong M. Upregulation of RSPO2-GPR48/LGR4 signaling in papillary thyroid carcinoma contributes to tumor progression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114980-114994. [PMID: 29383135 PMCID: PMC5777747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathway involving the R-spondins and its cognate receptor, GPR48/LGR4, is crucial in development and carcinogenesis. However, the functional implications of the R-spondin-GPR48/LGR4 pathway in thyroid remain to be identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of R-spondin-GPR48/LGR4 signaling in papillary thyroid carcinomas. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 214 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. The role of GPR48/LGR4 in proliferation and migration was examined in thyroid cancer cell lines. R-spondin 2, and GPR48/LGR4 were expressed at significantly higher levels in thyroid cancer than in normal controls. Elevated GPR48/LGR4 expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.049), lymph node metastasis (P=0.004), recurrence (P=0.037), and the BRAFV600E mutation (P=0.003). Moreover, high GPR48/LGR4 expression was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis (P=0.027) and the BRAFV600E mutation (P=0.009). in vitro assays demonstrated that elevated expression of GPR48/LGR4 promoted proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cells, whereas downregulation of GPR48/LGR4 decreased proliferation and migration by inhibition of the β-catenin pathway. Moreover, treatment of thyroid cancer cells with exogenous R-spondin 2 induced activation of the β-catenin pathway through GPR48/LGR4. The R-spondin 2-GPR48/LGR4 signaling axis also induced the phosphorylation of ERK, as well as phosphorylation of LRP6 and serine 9 of GSK3β. Our findings demonstrate that upregulation of the R-spondin 2-GPR48/LGR4 pathway contributes to tumor aggressiveness in papillary thyroid carcinoma by promoting ERK phosphorylation, suggesting that this pathway represents a novel therapeutic target for treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Jung
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinae Yi
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ki Kang
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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22
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Lee SE, Kang SG, Choi MJ, Jung SB, Ryu MJ, Chung HK, Chang JY, Kim YK, Lee JH, Kim KS, Kim HJ, Lee HK, Yi HS, Shong M. Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Mediates Systemic Glucose Regulatory Action of T-Helper Type 2 Cytokines. Diabetes 2017; 66:2774-2788. [PMID: 28874416 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4, produced in adipose tissue, are critical regulators of intra-adipose and systemic lipid and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, IL-13 is a potential therapy for insulin resistance in obese mouse models. Here, we examined mediators produced by adipocytes that are responsible for regulating systemic glucose homeostasis in response to Th2 cytokines. We used RNA sequencing data analysis of cultured adipocytes to screen factors secreted in response to recombinant IL-13. Recombinant IL-13 induced expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) via the Janus kinase-activated STAT6 pathway. In vivo administration of α-galactosylceramide or IL-33 increased IL-4 and IL-13 production, thereby increasing GDF15 levels in adipose tissue and in plasma of mice; however, these responses were abrogated in STAT6 knockout mice. Moreover, administration of recombinant IL-13 to wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) improved glucose intolerance; this was not the case for GDF15 knockout mice fed the HFD. Taken together, these data suggest that GDF15 is required for IL-13-induced improvement of glucose intolerance in mice fed an HFD. Thus, beneficial effects of Th2 cytokines on systemic glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity are mediated by GDF15. These findings open up a potential pharmacological route for reversing insulin resistance associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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23
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Kang SG, Yi HS, Choi MJ, Ryu MJ, Jung S, Chung HK, Chang JY, Kim YK, Lee SE, Kim HW, Choi H, Kim DS, Lee JH, Kim KS, Kim HJ, Lee CH, Oike Y, Shong M. ANGPTL6 expression is coupled with mitochondrial OXPHOS function to regulate adipose FGF21. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:105-118. [PMID: 28184000 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is coupled with the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, thereby stimulating the secretion of non-cell autonomous factors, which may control systemic energy metabolism and longevity. However, the nature and roles of non-cell autonomous factors induced in adipose tissue in response to reduced OXPHOS function remain to be clarified in mammals. CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) is an essential mitoribosomal protein for the intramitochondrial production of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS subunits. Deficiency of CRIF1 impairs the proper formation of the OXPHOS complex, resulting in reduced function. To determine which secretory factors are induced in response to reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS function, we analyzed gene expression datasets in Crif1-depleted mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Crif1 deficiency preferentially increased the expression of angiopoietin-like 6 (Angptl6) and did not affect other members of the ANGPTL family. Moreover, treatment with mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitors increased the expression of Angptl6 in cultured adipocytes. To confirm Angptl6 induction in vivo, we generated a murine model of reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS function using adipose tissue-specific Crif1-deficient mice and verified the upregulation of Angptl6 and fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21) in white adipose tissue. Treatment with recombinant ANGPTL6 protein increased oxygen consumption and Pparα expression through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in cultured adipocytes. Furthermore, the ANGPTL6-mediated increase in Pparα expression resulted in increased FGF21 expression, thereby promoting β-oxidation. In conclusion, mitochondrial OXPHOS function governs the expression of ANGPTL6, which is an essential factor for FGF21 production in adipose tissue and cultured adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Saetbyel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Woo Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hoil Choi
- Department of BiochemistryChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Department of BiochemistryChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular GeneticsGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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24
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Chung HK, Ryu D, Kim KS, Chang JY, Kim YK, Yi HS, Kang SG, Choi MJ, Lee SE, Jung SB, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kweon GR, Kim H, Hwang JH, Lee CH, Lee SJ, Wall CE, Downes M, Evans RM, Auwerx J, Shong M. Growth differentiation factor 15 is a myomitokine governing systemic energy homeostasis. J Cell Biol 2016; 216:149-165. [PMID: 27986797 PMCID: PMC5223607 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201607110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chung et al. show that the myomitokine GDF15 can act to modulate oxidative and lipolytic function in a non–cell-autonomous manner, thereby regulating systemic energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle-specific Crif1-deficient mice. This pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing the onset of obesity and insulin resistance. Reduced mitochondrial electron transport chain activity promotes longevity and improves energy homeostasis via cell-autonomous and –non-autonomous factors in multiple model systems. This mitohormetic effect is thought to involve the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), an adaptive stress-response pathway activated by mitochondrial proteotoxic stress. Using mice with skeletal muscle–specific deficiency of Crif1 (muscle-specific knockout [MKO]), an integral protein of the large mitoribosomal subunit (39S), we identified growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a UPRmt-associated cell–non-autonomous myomitokine that regulates systemic energy homeostasis. MKO mice were protected against obesity and sensitized to insulin, an effect associated with elevated GDF15 secretion after UPRmt activation. In ob/ob mice, administration of recombinant GDF15 decreased body weight and improved insulin sensitivity, which was attributed to elevated oxidative metabolism and lipid mobilization in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Thus, GDF15 is a potent mitohormetic signal that safeguards against the onset of obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea
| | - Soung Jung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea
| | - Gi Ryang Kweon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-338, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | | | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, South Korea .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
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25
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Seo J, Lee JW, Choi MJ, Cho S, Kim DY. Serial trichoscopy vs. modified hair pull test for monitoring the disease activity and treatment response of localized alopecia areata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:e149-e150. [PMID: 27557441 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Kangskin Dermatology Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Kangskin Dermatology Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Kang YE, Kim JM, Joung KH, Lee JH, You BR, Choi MJ, Ryu MJ, Ko YB, Lee MA, Lee J, Ku BJ, Shong M, Lee KH, Kim HJ. The Roles of Adipokines, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance in Modest Obesity and Early Metabolic Dysfunction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154003. [PMID: 27101398 PMCID: PMC4839620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of adipokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-associated insulin resistance have been explored in both animal and human studies. However, our current understanding of obesity-associated insulin resistance relies on studies of artificial metabolic extremes. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of adipokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and adipose tissue macrophages in human patients with modest obesity and early metabolic dysfunction. We obtained omental adipose tissue and fasting blood samples from 51 females undergoing gynecologic surgery. We investigated serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines as well as the mRNA expression of proinflammatory and macrophage phenotype markers in visceral adipose tissue using ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR. We measured adipose tissue inflammation and macrophage infiltration using immunohistochemical analysis. Serum levels of adiponectin and leptin were significantly correlated with HOMA-IR and body mass index. The levels of expression of MCP-1 and TNF-α in visceral adipose tissue were also higher in the obese group (body mass index ≥ 25). The expression of mRNA MCP-1 in visceral adipose tissue was positively correlated with body mass index (r = 0.428, p = 0.037) but not with HOMA-IR, whereas TNF-α in visceral adipose tissue was correlated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.462, p = 0.035) but not with body mass index. There was no obvious change in macrophage phenotype or macrophage infiltration in patients with modest obesity or early metabolic dysfunction. Expression of mRNA CD163/CD68 was significantly related to mitochondrial-associated genes and serum inflammatory cytokine levels of resistin and leptin. These results suggest that changes in the production of inflammatory biomolecules precede increased immune cell infiltration and induction of a macrophage phenotype switch in visceral adipose tissue. Furthermore, serum resistin and leptin have specific roles in the regulation of adipose tissue macrophages in patients with modest obesity or early metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram You
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bok Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min A. Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of internal medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of internal medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Seo J, Ahn Y, Zheng Z, Kim BO, Choi MJ, Bang D, Kim DY. Clinical significance of serum YKL-40 in Behçet disease. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:1337-44. [PMID: 26708309 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum YKL-40 is an inflammatory biomarker of endothelial dysfunction and may play a role in the inflammatory process of Behçet disease (BD). OBJECTIVES Serum YKL-40 levels were evaluated in patients with BD in order to identify associations with other inflammatory cytokines and establish laboratory parameters. Serum YKL-40 levels were also compared with BD clinical features and disease activity. METHODS In total, 112 patients with BD and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included. Disease activity was assessed with BD Current Activity Form score and Electronic Medical Record-based Activity Index (EMRAI) score. RESULTS Serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in patients with BD (median 41·88, range 12·52-171·30 ng mL(-1) ) than in healthy volunteers (median 20·92, range 5·01-64·20 ng mL(-1) ; P < 0·01). The cut-off value for YKL-40 (30·005 ng mL(-1) ) was determined from the receiver operating characteristic curve. EMRAI scores and the proportion of patients in the active phase of BD presenting with two or more major criteria were significantly higher in patients with elevated YKL-40 levels (P = 0·04 and P = 0·04, respectively). A statistically significant elevation in YKL-40 levels was observed in patients with active BD compared with patients with inactive BD (P = 0·05). Serum YKL-40 values were positively correlated with interleukin-6 and EMRAI scores (both P = 0·04), indicating that serum YKL-40 levels are increased in patients with BD and positively correlate with disease activity. CONCLUSIONS YKL-40 may play a role in the pathophysiology of BD and provide a useful marker for monitoring patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Seo
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Ahn
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - B O Kim
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Choi
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi MJ, Park HK, Yun GS, Nam YB, Choe GH, Lee W, Jardin S. Post calibration of the two-dimensional electron cyclotron emission imaging instrument with electron temperature characteristics of the magnetohydrodynamic instabilities. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:013506. [PMID: 26827320 DOI: 10.1063/1.4940030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) instrument is widely used to study the local electron temperature (Te) fluctuations by measuring the ECE intensity IECE ∝ Te in tokamak plasmas. The ECEI measurement is often processed in a normalized fluctuation quantity against the time averaged value due to complication in absolute calibration. In this paper, the ECEI channels are relatively calibrated using the flat Te assumption of the sawtooth crash or the tearing mode island and a proper extrapolation. The 2-D relatively calibrated electron temperature (Te,rel) images are reconstructed and the displacement amplitude of the magnetohydrodynamic modes can be measured for the accurate quantitative growth analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Choi
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - H K Park
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - G S Yun
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea
| | - Y B Nam
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea
| | - G H Choe
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - S Jardin
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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29
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Nagarajan S, Choi MJ, Cho YS, Min SJ, Keum G, Kim SJ, Lee CS, Pae AN. Tubulin Inhibitor Identification by Bioactive Conformation Alignment Pharmacophore-Guided Virtual Screening. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:998-1016. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Chemistry & Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 11-1 Daehyun-Dong Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 120-750 Korea
| | - Yong Seo Cho
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute; CKD Pharmaceuticals; Jung-dong Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 464-3 Korea
| | - Chang Sik Lee
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute; CKD Pharmaceuticals; Jung-dong Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 464-3 Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
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30
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Kim YK, Joung KH, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kim H, Chung HK, Lee MH, Lee SE, Choi MJ, Chang JY, Hong HJ, Kim KS, Lee SH, Kweon GR, Kim H, Lee CH, Kim HJ, Shong M. Disruption of CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) in mouse islet beta cells leads to mitochondrial diabetes with progressive beta cell failure. Diabetologia 2015; 58:771-80. [PMID: 25660120 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Although mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) dysfunction is believed to be responsible for beta cell dysfunction in insulin resistance and mitochondrial diabetes, the mechanisms underlying progressive beta cell failure caused by defective mitochondrial OxPhos are largely unknown. METHODS We examined the in vivo phenotypes of beta cell dysfunction in beta cell-specific Crif1 (also known as Gadd45gip1)-deficient mice. CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) is a mitochondrial protein essential for the synthesis and formation of the OxPhos complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane. RESULTS Crif1(beta-/-) mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance with defective insulin secretion as early as 4 weeks of age without defects in islet structure. At 11 weeks of age, Crif1(beta-/-) mice displayed characteristic ultrastructural mitochondrial abnormalities as well as severe glucose intolerance. Furthermore, islet area and insulin content was decreased by approximately 50% compared with wild-type mice. Treatment with the glucoregulatory drug exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist, was not sufficient to preserve beta cell function in Crif1(beta-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results indicate that mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction triggers progressive beta cell failure that is not halted by treatment with a GLP-1 agonist. The Crif1(beta-/-) mouse is a useful model for the study of beta cell failure caused by mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 301-721, Korea
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31
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Lee MH, Lee JU, Joung KH, Kim YK, Ryu MJ, Lee SE, Kim SJ, Chung HK, Choi MJ, Chang JY, Lee SH, Kweon GR, Kim HJ, Kim KS, Kim SM, Jo YS, Park J, Cheng SY, Shong M. Thyroid dysfunction associated with follicular cell steatosis in obese male mice and humans. Endocrinology 2015; 156:1181-93. [PMID: 25555091 PMCID: PMC5393324 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A recent epidemiologic study revealed a link between obesity and increased prevalence of hypothyroidism. It is conceivable that excessive adiposity in obesity might lead to expansion of the interfollicular adipose (IFA) depot or steatosis in thyroid follicular cells (thyroid steatosis, TS). In this study, we investigated the morphological and functional changes in thyroid glands of obese humans and animal models, diet-induced obese (DIO), ob/ob, and db/db mice. Expanded IFA depot and TS were observed in obese patients. Furthermore, DIO mice showed increased expression of lipogenesis-regulation genes, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthetase (FASN) in the thyroid gland. Steatosis and ultrastructural changes, including distension of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial distortion in thyroid follicular cells, were uniformly observed in DIO mice and genetically obese mouse models, ob/ob and db/db mice. Obese mice displayed a variable degree of primary thyroid hypofunction, which was not corrected by PPARγ agonist administration. We propose that systemically increased adiposity is associated with characteristic IFA depots and TS and may cause or influence the development of primary thyroid failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (M.H.L., K.H.J., Y.K.K., M.J.R., S.E.L., S.J.K., H.K.C., M.J.C., J.Y.C., H.J.K., K.S.K., Y.S.J., M.C.), Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology (J.U.L.), Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 301-723, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science (S.-H.L.), Korea Advanced Institute of Biological Science, Daejeon 305-701, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (G.R.K.), Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea; Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.-M.K.), Chungnam National University and Hospital, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea; and Laboratory of Molecular Biology (J.P., S.-Y.C.), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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32
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Yun GS, Lee W, Choi MJ, Lee J, Kim M, Leem J, Nam Y, Choe GH, Park HK, Park H, Woo DS, Kim KW, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Ito N, Mase A, Lee SG. Quasi 3D ECE imaging system for study of MHD instabilities in KSTAR. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D820. [PMID: 25430233 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A second electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) system has been installed on the KSTAR tokamak, toroidally separated by 1/16th of the torus from the first ECEI system. For the first time, the dynamical evolutions of MHD instabilities from the plasma core to the edge have been visualized in quasi-3D for a wide range of the KSTAR operation (B0 = 1.7∼3.5 T). This flexible diagnostic capability has been realized by substantial improvements in large-aperture quasi-optical microwave components including the development of broad-band polarization rotators for imaging of the fundamental ordinary ECE as well as the usual 2nd harmonic extraordinary ECE.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Yun
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - W Lee
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - M J Choi
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - J Leem
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Y Nam
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - G H Choe
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - H K Park
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - H Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - D S Woo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - K W Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - C W Domier
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N C Luhmann
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N Ito
- KASTEC, Kyushu University, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - A Mase
- Ube National College of Technology, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi 755-8555, Japan
| | - S G Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea
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Abstract
Renal tubular acidosis is a common cause of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis but these disorders can be easily missed or misdiagnosed. We highlight the approach to assessing renal tubular acidosis by discussing a case study with a temporal data set collected over more than 5 weeks. We highlight the principles and the necessary information required for a diagnosis of classic distal renal tubular acidosis. We also briefly review several aspects of type 1 renal tubular acidosis related to autoimmune disease, drugs and thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K H Lim
- Department of Nephrology and Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of General Medicine, Dandenong Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Lee J, Yun GS, Lee JE, Kim M, Choi MJ, Lee W, Park HK, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Sabbagh SA, Park YS, Lee SG, Bak JG. Toroidal mode number estimation of the edge-localized modes using the KSTAR 3-D electron cyclotron emission imaging system. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:063505. [PMID: 24985817 DOI: 10.1063/1.4883180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new and more accurate technique is presented for determining the toroidal mode number n of edge-localized modes (ELMs) using two independent electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) systems in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device. The technique involves the measurement of the poloidal spacing between adjacent ELM filaments, and of the pitch angle α* of filaments at the plasma outboard midplane. Equilibrium reconstruction verifies that α* is nearly constant and thus well-defined at the midplane edge. Estimates of n obtained using two ECEI systems agree well with n measured by the conventional technique employing an array of Mirnov coils.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - G S Yun
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - M Kim
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - M J Choi
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - W Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - H K Park
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - C W Domier
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N C Luhmann
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S A Sabbagh
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Y S Park
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - S G Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - J G Bak
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
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Coleman AJ, Penney GP, Richardson TJ, Guyot A, Choi MJ, Sheth N, Craythorne E, Robson A, Mallipeddi R. Automated registration of optical coherence tomography and dermoscopy in the assessment of sub-clinical spread in basal cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:1-12. [PMID: 24784842 PMCID: PMC4075257 DOI: 10.3109/10929088.2014.885085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been shown to be of clinical value in imaging basal cell carcinoma (BCC). A novel dual OCT-video imaging system, providing automated registration of OCT and dermoscopy, has been developed to assess the potential of OCT in measuring the degree of sub-clinical spread of BCC. Seventeen patients selected for Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for BCC were recruited to the study. The extent of BCC infiltration beyond a segment of the clinically assessed pre-surgical border was evaluated using OCT. Sufficiently accurate (<0.5 mm) registration of OCT and dermoscopy images was achieved in 9 patients. The location of the OCT-assessed BCC border was also compared with that of the final surgical defect. Infiltration of BCC across the clinical border ranged from 0 mm to >2.5 mm. In addition, the OCT border lay between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm inside the final MMS defect in those cases where this could be assessed. In one case, where the final MMS defect was over 17 mm from the clinical border, OCT showed >2.5 mm infiltration across the clinical border at the FOV limit. These results provide evidence that OCT allows more accurate assessment of sub-clinical spread of BCC than clinical observation alone. Such a capability may have clinical value in reducing the number of surgical stages in MMS for BCC. There may also be a role for OCT in aiding the selection of patients most suitable for MMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Coleman
- Medical Physics Department, Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust , London
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Choi MJ, No ES, Thorat DA, Jang JW, Yang H, Lee J, Choo H, Kim SJ, Lee CS, Ko SY, Lee J, Nam G, Pae AN. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Aryloxazole Derivatives as Antimitotic and Vascular-Disrupting Agents for Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2013; 56:9008-18. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400840p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Chemistry & Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun No
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhanaji Achyutrao Thorat
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wan Jang
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakkyun Yang
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeick Lee
- Doping
Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Chong
Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Jung-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 464-3, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Lee
- Chong
Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals, Jung-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 464-3, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Ko
- Chemistry & Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department
of Global Medical Science, Sungshin University, Seoul 142-732, Republic of Korea
| | - GhilSoo Nam
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Center
for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
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Cho SB, Zheng Z, Ahn KJ, Choi MJ, Cho S, Kim DY, Lee HS, Bang D. Serum IgA reactivity against GroEL of Streptococcus sanguinis and human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 in patients with Behçet disease. Br J Dermatol 2013; 168:977-83. [PMID: 23137016 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious agents, especially Streptococcus sanguinis and herpes simplex virus, have long been postulated as major triggering factors for Behçet disease (BD). OBJECTIVES To identify an anti-S. sanguinis antigen reacting with serum IgA antibody in patients with BD. METHODS We detected a target protein by proteomics analysis and evaluated serum IgA reactivity of 100 patients with BD against the identified streptococcal target protein and human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1. Homologous epitope sequences between the streptococcal target protein and human hnRNP A2/B1 were also evaluated. RESULTS Four protein bands were detected by immunoprecipitation, and chaperonin GroEL was identified by a proteomics analysis. Reactivity of serum IgA against recombinant S. sanguinis GroEL was detected in 77 of 100 patients with BD (77%) and in 21 of 70 healthy controls (30%). In addition, reactivity of serum IgA against human recombinant hnRNP A2/B1 was seen in 79 of 100 patients with BD (79%) and in eight of 70 healthy controls (11%). Among the eight distinctive epitopes with significant homology between S. sanguinis GroEL and human hnRNP A2/B1, the serum IgA reactivity of patients with BD was markedly higher with epitope 3 (hnRNP A2/B1 peptide 33-46 and GroEL peptide 57-70) and epitope 6 (hnRNP A2/B1 peptide 177-188 and GroEL peptide 347-358). CONCLUSION We identified an S. sanguinis GroEL protein as a target of serum anti-S. sanguinis IgA antibody reactivity in patients with BD. In addition, patients with BD exhibited serum IgA reactivity against homologous epitope regions between S. sanguinis GroEL and human hnRNP A2/B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Cho
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee J, Kim KS, Lee MH, Kim YS, Lee MH, Lee SE, Kim YK, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Choi MJ, Jo YS. NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 and NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 polymorphisms in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: correlation with phenotype. Yonsei Med J 2013; 54:1158-67. [PMID: 23918565 PMCID: PMC3743184 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2013.54.5.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T missense variant (NQO1*2) and 29 basepair (bp)-insertion/deletion (I29/D) polymorphism of the NRH:Quinone Oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) gene promoter have been proposed as predictive and prognostic factors for cancer development and progression. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between NQO1/NQO2 genotype and clinico-pathological features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA was isolated from 243 patients; and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. NQO1*2 and tri-allelic polymorphism of NQO2 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. RESULTS PTMC with NQO1*2 frequently exhibited extra-thyroidal extension as compared to PTMC with wild-type NQO1 (p=0.039). There was a significant relationship between I29/I29 homozygosity of NQO2 and lymph node metastasis (p=0.042). Multivariate analysis showed that the I29/I29 genotype was associated with an increased risk of lymph node metastasis (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.10-4.56; p=0.026). CONCLUSION NQO1*2 and I29 allele of the NQO2 are associated with aggressive clinical phenotypes of PTMC, and the I29 allele represents a putative prognostic marker for PTMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Ho Lee
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Cheong Shim International Academy, Gapyeong, Korea
| | - Min Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soung Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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Lee SE, Lee JU, Lee MH, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Choi MJ, Kim KS, Kim JM, Kim JW, Koh YW, Lim DS, Jo YS, Shong M. RAF kinase inhibitor-independent constitutive activation of Yes-associated protein 1 promotes tumor progression in thyroid cancer. Oncogenesis 2013; 2:e55. [PMID: 23857250 PMCID: PMC3740284 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2013.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription coactivator Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is regulated by the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. However, the role of YAP1 in thyroid cancer, which is frequently associated with the BRAFV600E mutation, remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of YAP1 in thyroid cancer. YAP1 was overexpressed in papillary (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer, and nuclear YAP1 was more frequently detected in BRAFV600E (+) PTC. In the thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1 and HTH7, which do not have the BRAFV600E mutation, YAP1 was cytosolic and inactive at high cell densities. In contrast, YAP1 was retained in the nucleus and its target genes were expressed in the thyroid cancer cells 8505C and K1, which harbor the BRAFV600E mutation, regardless of cell density. Furthermore, the nuclear activation of YAP1 in 8505C was not inhibited by RAF or MEK inhibitor. In vitro experiments, YAP1 silencing or overexpression affected migratory capacities of 8505C and TPC-1 cells. YAP1 knockdown resulted in marked decrease of tumor volume, invasion and distant metastasis in orthotopic tumor xenograft mouse models using the 8505C thyroid cancer cell line. Taken together, YAP1 is involved in the tumor progression of thyroid cancer and YAP1-mediated effects might not be affected by the currently used RAF kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Choi MJ, Tadi S, Lee MH, Lee SE, Chung HK, Jung SB, Kim HJ, Jo YS, Kim KS, Lee SH, Kim JM, Kweon GR, Park KC, Lee JU, Kong YY, Lee CH, Chung J, Shong M. Crif1 deficiency reduces adipose OXPHOS capacity and triggers inflammation and insulin resistance in mice. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003356. [PMID: 23516375 PMCID: PMC3597503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has been proposed as an etiological mechanism underlying insulin resistance. However, the initiating organ of OXPHOS dysfunction during the development of systemic insulin resistance has yet to be identified. To determine whether adipose OXPHOS deficiency plays an etiological role in systemic insulin resistance, the metabolic phenotype of mice with OXPHOS-deficient adipose tissue was examined. Crif1 is a protein required for the intramitochondrial production of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS subunits; therefore, Crif1 haploinsufficient deficiency in mice results in a mild, but specific, failure of OXPHOS capacity in vivo. Although adipose-specific Crif1-haploinsufficient mice showed normal growth and development, they became insulin-resistant. Crif1-silenced adipocytes showed higher expression of chemokines, the expression of which is dependent upon stress kinases and antioxidant. Accordingly, examination of adipose tissue from Crif1-haploinsufficient mice revealed increased secretion of MCP1 and TNFα, as well as marked infiltration by macrophages. These findings indicate that the OXPHOS status of adipose tissue determines its metabolic and inflammatory responses, and may cause systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Ryu
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soung Jung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Surendar Tadi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Saet Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gi Ryang Kweon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Park
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Uee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Yun Kong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongkyeong Chung
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Cho SB, Zheng Z, Cho S, Ahn KJ, Choi MJ, Kim DY, Lee KH, Bang D. Both the sera of patients with Behçet's disease and Streptococcus sanguis stimulate membrane expression of hnRNP A2/B1 in endothelial cells. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42:241-6. [PMID: 23445441 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.733728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 has been identified as a target antigen of anti-endothelial cell immunglobulin (Ig)A antibodies in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). The aim was to investigate the effects of the sera from BD patients and Streptococcus sanguis on the subcellular expression of hnRNP A2/B1 in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs). METHOD The sera of BD patients and healthy controls (HC) as well as cultured S. sanguis were used to stimulate HDMECs. Subcellular fractions were obtained from stimulated HDMECs and were subjected to immunoblot analyses. The distribution of hnRNP A2/B1 was investigated by immunocytochemistry and direct immunofluorescence study was performed in biopsy specimens of mucosal ulcers from BD patients. RESULTS BD patients' sera increased the membrane expression of hnRNP A2/B1 in HDMECs after 12 and 24 h of incubation compared with HDMECs incubated with endothelial cell culture media and HC sera. S. sanguis also increased hnRNP A2/B1 in the cellular membrane. hnRNP A2/B1 mRNA level was also significantly upregulated in HDMECs incubated with BD patients' sera and S. sanguis. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated marked expression of hnRNP A2/B1 in the cytoplasm and cellular membrane of HDMECs incubated with BD patients' sera or S. sanguis. In addition, direct immunofluorescence experiments revealed the co-localization of serum IgA antibodies and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against hnRNP A2/B1 in tissue sections from ulcers of BD patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that both the sera of BD patients with active disease and S. sanguis infection are inflammatory stimuli that can induce membranous hnRNP A2/B1 expression in HDMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Cho
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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42
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Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Choi MJ, Kim YK, Lee MH, Lee SE, Chung HK, Jung SB, Kim HJ, Kim KS, Jo YS, Kweon GR, Lee CH, Shong M. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reserve is required for hormone- and PPARγ agonist-induced adipogenesis. Mol Cells 2013; 35:134-41. [PMID: 23456335 PMCID: PMC3887907 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-2257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation requires the coordinated activities of several nuclear transcription factors. Recently, mitochondria biogenesis was reported to occur during adipocyte differentiation and following treatment with thiazolidinediones in vitro and in vivo. Crif1 is a translational factor for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is important for transcription of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex. To investigate the role of OXPHOS in adipogenesis, we analyzed adipocyte differentiation following disruption of Crif1 in vitro and in vivo. The adipose-specific Crif1 knockout mouse had a lower body weight and less fat mass than wild-type mice. Furthermore, adipocytes were smaller and had a dysplastic morphology in the adipose-specific Crif1 knockout mouse. 3T3-L1 adipocytes or adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) that lacked Crif1 expressed lower levels of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS subunits, and adipocyte differentiation was disrupted. Rosiglitazone treatment did not induce adipogenesis or mitochondria biogenesis in Crif1 knockout ADSCs. These results show that mitochondrial OXPHOS and Crif1 are required for rosiglitazone- and hormone-induced adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Ryu
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Soung Jung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Min Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Saet Byel Jung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
| | | | | | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon,
Korea
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Park SJ, Oh YS, Choi MJ, Shin JI, Kim KH. Hyponatremia may reflect severe inflammation in children with febrile urinary tract infection. Pediatr Nephrol 2012; 27:2261-7. [PMID: 22847386 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-012-2267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice, but little is known about the association between febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) and hyponatremia or its significance to clinical outcomes. METHODS Data from 140 children with febrile UTI between 2000 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Laboratory examinations [white blood cell (WBC) count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum sodium concentration], renal ultrasonography, (99m)Technetium-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy, and voiding cystourethrogram were performed. Culture growing >50,000 colonies of one single bacterial species on a urine sample obtained by catheter or >100,000 colonies on two clean-catch samples was required to establish diagnosis of UTI. RESULTS In children with renal cortical defects diagnosed after DMSA scintigraphy (group 1), duration of fever was significantly longer (P = 0.038) and WBC (P = 0.047) and CRP (P < 0.0001) levels significantly higher than in those without renal cortical defects (group 2). However, serum sodium levels were significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 (135.9 ± 2.4 vs 137.4 ± 2.7 mEq/L, P = 0.007). Hyponatremia (serum sodium ≤ 135 mEq/L) was also more frequent in group 1 than in group 2 (74.1 % vs 45.3 %, P = 0.012). Serum sodium concentration was negatively correlated with WBC count (r = -0.156, P = 0.011) and CRP levels (r = -0.160, P= 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that hyponatremia may be a substantial inflammatory marker and is significantly and independently associated with the degree of inflammation in children with febrile UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Yun GS, Park HK, Lee W, Choi MJ, Choe GH, Park S, Bae YS, Lee KD, Yoon SW, Jeon YM, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Tobias B, Donné AJH. Appearance and dynamics of helical flux tubes under electron cyclotron resonance heating in the core of KSTAR plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:145003. [PMID: 23083252 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.145003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dual (or sometimes multiple) flux tubes (DFTs) have been observed in the core of sawtoothing KSTAR tokamak plasmas with electron cyclotron resonance heating. The time evolution of the flux tubes visualized by a 2D electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic typically consists of four distinctive phases: (1) growth of one flux tube out of multiple small flux tubes during the initial buildup period following a sawtooth crash, resulting in a single dominant flux tube along the m/n=1/1 helical magnetic field lines, (2) sudden rapid growth of another flux tube via a fast heat transfer from the first one, resulting in approximately identical DFTs, (3) coalescence of the two flux tubes into a single m/n=1/1 flux tube resembling the internal kink mode in the normal sawteeth, which is explained by a model of two current-carrying wires confined on a flux surface, and (4) fast localized crash of the merged flux tube similar to the standard sawtooth crash. The dynamics of the DFTs implies that the internal kink mode is not a unique prerequisite to the sawtooth crash, providing a new insight on the control of the sawtooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Yun
- POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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Choi J, Choi MJ, Kim C, Cho YS, Chin J, Jo YA. The optimization of ELISA for methamphetamine determination: the effect of immunogen, tracer and antibody purification method on the sensitivity. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 20:46-52. [PMID: 18975211 DOI: 10.1007/bf02974041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/1996] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To obtain more sensitive immunoassay for methamphetamine (MA) determination, the optimum condition of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was investigated in regard to immunogens, antibody purification methods and coating tracers. Activated MA, N-(4-aminobutyl)methamphetamine (4-ABMA), was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) or keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and used as immunogen. The antibodies were purified by protein G chromatography or various immunoaffinity chromatography-linked MA-protein ligands, such as MA-BSA, MA-KLH or MA-ovalbumin (OVA). Each purified antibody was characterized by means of sensitivity and cross-reactivity using the three MA-protein coating tracers, MA-BSA, MA-KLH and MA-OVA. The best sensitivity of each antibody was acquired with the MA-OVA tracer although the tracer concentration and the antibody titer level at optimum condition were varied. The antibody with high titer level did not always yield good sensitivity. At optimum condition, immunoaffinity chromatography-purified antibodies were better for sensitivity and for specificity than protein G-purified antibodies. The cross-reactivity of the purified antibodies seemed to be affected by immunogen structure and showed somewhat different patterns according to the immunoaffinity ligand utilized. These data show that the antibody purification method as well as choice of coating tracer and immunogen is essential for the sensitivity and specificity of EIA; the optimum condition for assay should be discovered using various methods and combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Choi
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, P.O.Box 131, 130-650, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Cerebral salt wasting is characterized by inappropriate natriuresis and volume contraction with associated cerebral pathology. It is distinct from the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, which is characterized by inappropriate retention of free water. We report a patient with a porencephalic cyst who developed cerebral salt wasting. His initial treatment was supplementation of water and salt, which did not improve natriuresis or volume contraction. Fludrocortisone administration effectively managed the cerebral salt wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Choi
- The Institute of Kidney Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Su Oh
- The Institute of Kidney Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hong Kim
- The Institute of Kidney Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- The Institute of Kidney Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Behçet's disease (BD) and psoriasis are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by multisystemic vasculitis and epidermal hyperplasia respectively. Although it has been found that the pathogenesis of BD and psoriasis share common perspectives, reports of patients who have both diseases in concurrence are rare. OBJECTIVES To analyse and evaluate the clinical manifestations of BD patients who have psoriasis together. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of the medical records of nine BD patients who were also diagnosed with psoriasis at the BD Specialty Clinic of Severance Hospital was carried out. We analysed the characteristics of patients and the clinical activity of both diseases, and also the effect of the treatment of one disease against the other. RESULTS Of the nine BD patients who also had psoriasis, male to female ratio was 1 : 2. Two (22.2%) patients had a complete type of BD and seven (77.8%) patients had an incomplete type of BD. For the psoriatic lesions, all nine (100%) patients were diagnosed as psoriasis vulgaris. Five (55.6%) patients had BD as the preceding disease and four (44.4%) patients had psoriasis as the preceding. All five patients who formerly developed BD followed by psoriasis had an active state of BD, but the activity of psoriasis of all nine patients was minimal to average. CONCLUSION In this study, we evaluated the clinical manifestations of nine patients who had BD and psoriasis together. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unclear, there might be some influence by each disease to the other between BD and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cho
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim KS, Min JK, Liang ZL, Lee K, Lee JU, Bae KH, Lee MH, Lee SE, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Choi MJ, Jo YS, Kim JM, Shong M. Aberrant l1 cell adhesion molecule affects tumor behavior and chemosensitivity in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3071-8. [PMID: 22472175 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most invasive human cancers and has a poor prognosis. Molecular targets of ATC that determine its highly aggressive nature remain unidentified. This study investigated L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) expression and its role in tumorigenesis of ATCs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of L1CAM in thyroid cancer was evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of tumor samples from patients with thyroid cancer. We investigated the role of L1CAM in proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown experiments in human ATC cell lines. Finally, we evaluated the role of L1CAM on tumorigenesis with ATC xenograft assay in a nude mouse model. RESULTS L1CAM expression was not detectable in normal follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid or in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. In contrast, analysis of ATC samples showed specifically higher expression of L1CAM in the invasive area of the tumor. Specific knockdown of L1CAM in the ATC cell lines, FRO and 8505C, caused a significant decrease in the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of the cells. Suppression of L1CAM expression in ATC cell lines increased chemosensitivity to gemcitabine or paclitaxel. Finally, in an ATC xenograft model, depletion of L1CAM markedly reduced tumor growth and increased the survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS We report that L1CAM is highly expressed in the samples taken from patients with ATCs. L1CAM plays an important role in determining tumor behavior and chemosensitivity in cell lines derived from ATCs. Therefore, we suggest that L1CAM may be an important therapeutic target in patients with ATCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Kang I, Chang E, Yang SJ, Quan ZJ, Park MY, Choi MJ, Kim JI, Wi HR, Choi SL, Lee M. Effects of Mungbean extract and Mungbean tesa extract on adipogenesis and obesity‐related inflammation in vitro 3T3L1 cells and in vivo KK‐Ay mice. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.818.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inhae Kang
- Research Institute of Obesity SciencesSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - E Chang
- Research Institute of Obesity SciencesSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - SJ Yang
- Chonnam National UniversityJeollanamdoKorea, Republic of
| | - ZJ Quan
- Research Institute of Obesity SciencesSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - MY Park
- Research Institute of Obesity SciencesSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - MJ Choi
- Department of Food and NutritoinSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - JI Kim
- Department of Food and NutritoinSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - HR Wi
- Department of Food and NutritoinSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - SL Choi
- Department of Food and NutritoinSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
| | - M Lee
- Research Institute of Obesity SciencesDepartment of Food and NutritoinSungshin UniversitySeoulKorea, Republic of
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Lee SE, Lee JU, Lee MH, Ryu MJ, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Kim KS, Choi MJ, Jo YS, Shong M. Abstract B149: Yes-associated protein (YAP) is associated with aggressive characteristics of BRAFV600E thyroid cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-11-b149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Up regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcriptional co-activator regulated by Hippo (MST-LAST-YAP) pathway, has been reported to mediate oncogenic transformation in animal models of hepatocellular carcinomas. However, the expression status and molecular biological role of YAP in thyroid cancer remained to be investigated. We evaluated YAP expression and identified increased nuclear YAP expression in PTC and ATC. Interestingly, we could observe nuclear YAP staining more frequently in BRAFV600E(+) PTC. We also performed immunofluorescence staining to verify intracellular localization of YAP in TPC1 (harboring RET/PTC1), 8505C (harboring BRAFV600E) and BRAFV600E stably transfected HEK293T cells. Consistently, we could detect nuclear YAP in 8505C and BRAFV600E expressed cells, but not in TPC1. Although cell viability assays did not show any difference between YAP knockout cells and control cells generated by using shYAP in 8505C and shCTL (control) 8505C, YAP knockout cells showed remarkably decreased migration ability in the scratch assays. Using orthotopic mice models, shYAP 8505C injected mice showed decreased local invasion ability and less frequent lung metastasis. In conclusions, Nuclear YAP could be more frequently detected in BRAFV600E(+) thyroid cancer compared to BRAFV600E(−) thyroid cancer. Furthermore, nuclear YAP in BRAFV600E(+) thyroid cancer was associated with local invasiveness and distant metastasis, presenting that YAP could affect the aggressive phenotype of BRAFV600E(+) thyroid cancer.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B149.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Uee Lee
- 2Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Hee Lee
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soung Joong Kim
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Kyung Kim
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- 1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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