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Tüfekçi Ö, Özdemir HH, Malbora B, Özbek NY, Yarali N, Erdem A, Evim M, Baytan B, Güneş AM, Karapinar T, Oymak Y, Töret E, Bör Ö, Yilmaz Ş, Ören H, Özdemir GN, Karapinar DY. Hepatitis-Associated Aplastic Anemia: Etiology, Clinical Characteristics and Outcome. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e223-e226. [PMID: 34669357 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAA) is a form of acquired aplastic anemia (AA) in which bone marrow failure develops after an acute attack of hepatitis. Bone marrow failure leading to AA is generally severe in cases of HAA and fatal if left untreated. This retrospective multicenter study investigated clinical and laboratory characteristics, possible causes, treatment, and outcome of HAA in children. Twenty patients from 8 centers were included in the study. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were <3 to 5×upper limit of normal (ULN) in 2 patients, <5 to 10×ULN in 2 patients, and >10×ULN in 16 patients. Acute liver failure developed in 5 (29%) patients. Pancytopenia was simultaneously present in 6 of 20 (30%) patients. Eleven of the 20 patients (55%) were alive, in remission and transfusion free. Those who were alive either had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and/or immunosuppressive treatment, except 1 patient who had received no treatment. Patients with the diagnosis of acute hepatitis should be evaluated and followed up carefully for presence of cytopenia, so that definitive treatment of AA can be initiated in a timely and appropriate manner when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Tüfekçi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hamiyet H Özdemir
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Bariş Malbora
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, The University of Health Sciences, Ankara
| | - Namik Y Özbek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, The University of Health Sciences, Ankara
| | - Neşe Yarali
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, The University of Health Sciences, Ankara
| | - Arzu Erdem
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, The University of Health Sciences, Ankara
| | - Melike Evim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa
| | - Birol Baytan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa
| | - Adalet M Güneş
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa
| | - Tuba Karapinar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Oymak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ersin Töret
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir
| | - Özcan Bör
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir
| | - Şebnem Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hale Ören
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Gül N Özdemir
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Y Karapinar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine
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Wang YQ, Geng XP, Wang MW, Wang HQ, Zhang C, He X, Liang SM, Xu DX, Chen X. Vitamin D deficiency exacerbates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation during acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107716. [PMID: 33951559 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several experiments confirmed that vitamin D3 protected against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). This research aimed to evaluate the influence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on APAP-induced ALI. In VDD and VDD + APAP groups, mice were fed with VDD diet. In APAP and VDD + APAP groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with a sublethal dose of APAP (150 mg/kg). A sublethal dose of APAP caused a slight elevation of ALT and AST. Interestingly, APAP-induced elevation of ALT and AST was aggravated in VDD-fed mice. APAP-induced hepatic necrosis was exacerbated in VDD-fed mice. In addition, APAP-induced hepatocyte death, measured using TUNEL assay, was exacerbated in VDD-fed mice. Additional experiment showed that APAP-induced hepatic GSH depletion and lipid peroxidation were exacerbated in VDD-fed mice. Moreover, APAP-induced upregulation of antioxidant genes, such as hepatic heme oxygenase-1 (Ho-1), glutathione peroxidase (Gshpx), superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) and catalase enzymes (Cat), was aggravated in VDD-fed mice. Although a sublethal dose of APAP did not cause hepatic inflammation, hepatic proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as Tnf-α, Kc, Mcp-1 and Mip2, were upregulated in VDD-fed mice treated with APAP. These results provide experimental data that VDD exacerbates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation during APAP-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Pan Geng
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hong-Qian Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xue He
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shi-Min Liang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Himoto T. Diet and Nutrition for Hepatitis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041210. [PMID: 33916929 PMCID: PMC8067608 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The impairment of liver function frequently causes various type of malnutrition, as the liver is one of the most important organs involved in maintaining nutritional homeostasis [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Himoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1, Hara, Mure-Cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
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Xu J, Chen D, Jin L, Chen Z, Tu Y, Huang X, Xue F, Xu J, Chen M, Wang X, Chen Y. Ubiquitously specific protease 4 inhibitor-Vialinin A attenuates inflammation and fibrosis in S100-induced hepatitis mice through Rheb/mTOR signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1140-1150. [PMID: 33295107 PMCID: PMC7812299 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis are major consequences of autoimmune hepatitis, however, the therapeutic mechanism remains to be investigated. USP4 is a deubiquitinating enzyme and plays an important role in tissue fibrosis and immune disease. Vialinin A is an extract from mushroom and is a specific USP4 inhibitor. However, there is lack of evidences that Vialinin A plays a role in autoimmune hepatitis. By employing S100-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice and AML12 cell line, therapeutic mechanism of Vialinin A was examined. Inflammation was documented by liver histological staining and inflammatory cytokines. Fibrosis was demonstrated by Masson, Sirius red staining and fibrotic cytokines with western blot and real-time RT-PCR. In experimental animal, there were increases in inflammation and fibrosis as well as USP4, and which were reduced after treatment of Vialinin A. Vialinin A also reduced Rheb and phosphorylated mTOR. Moreover, in LPS-treated AML12 cells, LPS-induced USP4, inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines, phosphorylated mTOR and Rheb. Specific inhibitory siRNA of USP4 reduced USP4 level and the parameters mentioned above. In conclusion, USP4 was significantly elevated in autoimmune hepatitis mice and Vialinin A reduced USP4 level and attenuate inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. The mechanism may be related to regulation of Rheb/mTOR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dazhi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Peking University, BeiJing, China
| | - Lanling Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengkang Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yulu Tu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhe Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiben Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingzhuan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Toita R, Kang JH. Long-term profile of serological biomarkers, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Toxicol Lett 2020; 332:1-6. [PMID: 32579995 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be typically classified into two subgroups: non-alcoholic fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Mouse models of NAFLD are useful tools for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD and for developing drugs for its treatment. Here, we investigated the time-dependent changes in serum lipids and biochemical markers of hepatic function, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis in mice fed a normal diet (ND) or a NAFLD diet (choline deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet; CDAHFD) for 12 weeks. CDAHFD-fed mice showed significantly reduced serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol throughout the treatment period compared with ND-fed mice. The changes in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin showed an inverse U-shaped curve in the CDAHFD-fed mice. The serum alkaline phosphatase levels decreased in both ND- and CDAHFD-fed mice in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, CDAHFD-fed mice showed a significant increase in the number of inflammatory foci and hepatic fibrosis at 6-12 weeks, although inflammatory foci and hepatic fibrogenesis were observable at relatively early stages as well (1-4 weeks). In conclusion, the long-term profile of serological biomarkers, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis in CDAHFD-fed mice identified in this study may provide a better understanding of NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki Toita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan; AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Jeong-Hun Kang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of serum markers for predicting liver necroinflammation is limited in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal or slightly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an important inflammatory mediator in liver disease. Our study was to investigate the expression of MCP-1 and its diagnostic value in patients with HBV-related liver necroinflammation. METHODS One hundred and six patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were recruited. All were positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and underwent liver biopsy. Significant inflammation was defined as inflammatory grade ≥ 2 according to Scheuer's classification scoring system. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect expression of MCP-1 in the peripheral blood of all patients, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of MCP-1 and liver inflammation. RESULTS MCP-1 level in patients with HBV infection was higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, MCP-1 level in the ALT ≥ two times of upper limits of normal (2 ULN) group was higher than that of the ALT < 2 ULN group (p < 0.05). In the ALT < 2 ULN group, the MCP-1 level in patients whose inflammatory activity was grade ≥ 2 was higher than in patients with grade < 2 (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of MCP-1 in diagnosis of liver inflammation was 0.842. CONCLUSIONS MCP-1 could be used as a serological marker for non-invasive evaluation of liver inflammation in CHB patients with normal or slightly elevated ALT.
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Ali Q, McCallion N. Down Syndrome with Transient Neonatal Hepatitis. Ir Med J 2019; 112:922. [PMID: 31245964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Ali
- Department of Paediatrics, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin
| | - N McCallion
- Department of Paediatrics, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin
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Chen L, Gu J, Qian Y, Li M, Qian Y, Xu M, Li J, Wen Y, Xia L, Li J, Xia Q, Kong X, Wu H. Deletion of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 Worsens Invariant Natural Killer T-Cell-Mediated Hepatitis via Compensatory Up-regulation of CXCR2-Related Chemokine Activity. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 7:623-639. [PMID: 30630119 PMCID: PMC6434496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chemokine-mediated immune cell recruitment plays pivotal roles in liver inflammation. C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) has been shown to be responsible for the recruitment of monocytes/macrophages and has been implicated in various liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Previous studies have also shown that inhibition of CCL5 appears to be a promising therapeutic approach for several chronic liver diseases. However, whether blocking CCL5 could benefit immune cell-mediated hepatitis remains largely elusive. METHODS By adopting a specific agonist, alpha-galactosylceramide (α-Galcer), of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs), we investigated the function and mechanism of CCL5 in the iNKT induced murine hepatitis model. RESULTS We found significantly increased CCL5 expression in α-Galcer-induced hepatitis murine model. Such an increase in CCL5 is mainly enriched in non-parenchymal cells such as macrophages and iNKTs but not in hepatocytes. Surprisingly, CCL5 blockage by genetic deletion of Ccl5 does not affect the α-Galcer-induced iNKT activation but greatly worsens α-Galcer-induced liver injury accompanied by an increased hepatic neutrophil infiltration. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that greater neutrophil accumulation in the liver is responsible for the enhanced liver injury in Ccl5-/- mice. Such an increased hepatic neutrophil infiltration is mainly caused by an enhanced CXCL1-CXCR2 signal in Ccl5-/- mice. Therapeutically, either antibody-mediated neutrophil depletion or a CXCR2 antagonist, SB225002, mediated CXCR2 signaling blockage significantly ameliorated α-Galcer-induced liver injury in Ccl5-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Our present study demonstrates that (1) α-Galcer-induced murine hepatitis could greatly induce CCL5 production in macrophages and iNKT cells; (2) loss of CCL5 could enhance CXCL1 expression in hepatocytes and activate CXCL1-CXCR2 axis in neutrophils to augment their hepatic infiltration; and (3) neutrophil depletion or blockage of CXCL1-CXCR2 axis greatly improves α-Galcer-induced liver injury in Ccl5-/- mice. This study suggests that clinical utilization of CCL5 blockage may compensatorily induce the activation of other chemokine pathways to enhance neutrophil recruitment and liver injury in hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China; Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyang Gu
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbing Qian
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jichang Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yankai Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Lan F, Wei H, Zhu X, Li S, Qin X. Increased Red Cell Distribution Width is Strong Inflammatory Marker of Liver Diseases in a Guangxi Population. Clin Lab 2017; 63:389-398. [PMID: 28182351 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red cell distribution width (RDW), part of a routine complete blood count in a clinical laboratory, has been widely and routinely used in the diagnosis of various diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between increased RDW and liver diseases and whether RDW is a new inflammatory marker for liver diseases in a Guangxi population. METHODS A total of 735 patients were enrolled in our study, including 113 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 133 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, 105 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 55 alcoholic hepatitis (AH) patients, 44 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, and 285 healthy persons. The hematological and hepatic function parameters, other tumor biomarkers, and MELD grades of subjects were tested, and, then, comparisons were made between the tested indexes of the various groups using SPSS 17 software. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. RESULTS Of the five groups, the RDW values of the liver diseases groups were higher than those in the healthy group (p < 0.05), and the MELD grades of liver diseases patients were positive with RDW (p < 0.05). In addition, in the various liver disease groups, the RDW values were positive with HGB and positive or negative with different biomarkers in different groups (p < 0.05). Besides, except CHC, the area under the ROC curve and Youden index of the RDW liver diseases groups were significant (p < 0.001), and area under the ROC curve of AST, r-GT ALP, and GLB were of worth for predicting liver diseases (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In cases of liver disease, RDW values were increased and were related with various biomarkers and MELD grades. RDW could be used as an inflammatory marker for predicting CHB, LC, HCC, and AH but not including CHC when combined with HGB, AST, r-GT ALP, and GLB.
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Li XM, Chen Z, Xiao EH, Shang QL, Ma C. Diagnostic value of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced hepatocyte-phase magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating hepatic fibrosis and hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3133-3141. [PMID: 28533670 PMCID: PMC5423050 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i17.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced hepatocyte-phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating hepatic fibrosis and hepatitis.
METHODS Hepatocyte-phase images of Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI were retrospectively evaluated in 76 patients with chronic liver disease. These patients were classified into five groups according to either the histopathological fibrosis stage (S0-S4) or the histopathological hepatitis grade (G0-G4). The relative enhancement ratio (RE) of the liver parenchyma in the T1-vibe sequence was calculated by measuring the signal intensity before (SI pre) and 90 min after (SI post) intravenous injection of Gd-BOPTA using the following formula: RE = (SI post - SI pre)/SI pre. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the difference between the relative RE in the hepatocyte phase (REh) and the stage of hepatic fibrosis and the grade of hepatitis. Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the REh and the levels of serologic liver functional parameters.
RESULTS According to histopathological hepatic fibrosis stage, the 76 patients were classified into five groups: 16 in S0, 15 in S1, 21 in S2, 9 in S3, and 15 in S4 group. According to histopathological hepatitis grade, the 76 patients were also classified into five groups: 0 in G0, 44 in G1, 22 in G2, 8 in G3, and 2 in G3 group. With regard to the stage of hepatic fibrosis, REh showed significant differences between the S2 and S3 groups and between the S2 and S4 groups (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the other groups. With regard to the grade of hepatitis, REh showed significant differences between the G1 and G2 groups and between the G1 and G4 groups (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the other groups. Increased REh showed correlations with decreased serum levels of TB, ALT and AST (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION To some extent, measuring the REh using Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI might be a noninvasive technique for assessing the stage of hepatic fibrosis. This method is able to differentiate no/mild hepatitis from advanced hepatitis. TB, ALT and AST levels can predict the degree of liver enhancement in the hepatocyte phase of Gd-BOPTA-enhanced MRI.
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Yoon S, Kim J, Lee H, Lee H, Lim J, Yang H, Shin SS, Yoon M. The effects of herbal composition Gambigyeongsinhwan (4) on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats and HepG2 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 195:204-213. [PMID: 27845265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hepatic steatosis has risen rapidly in parallel with a dramatic increase in obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether the herbal composition Gambigyeongsinhwan (4) (GGH(4)), composed of Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae), Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. (Betulaceae), and the fermented traditional Korean medicine Massa Medicata Fermentata, regulates hepatic steatosis and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of GGH(4) on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats and HepG2 cells were examined using Oil red O, hematoxylin and eosin, and toluidine blue staining, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) transactivation assay. RESULTS Administration of GGH(4) to OLETF rats improved hepatic steatosis and lowered serum levels of alanine transaminase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids. GGH(4) increased mRNA levels of fatty acid oxidation enzymes (ACOX, HD, CPT-1, and MCAD) and decreased mRNA levels of lipogenesis genes (FAS, ACC1, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1c) in the liver of OLETF rats. In addition, infiltration of inflammatory cells and expression of inflammatory cytokines (CD68, TNFα, and MCP-1) in liver tissue were reduced by GGH(4). Treatment of HepG2 cells with a mixture of oleic acid and palmitoleic acid induced significant lipid accumulation, but GGH(4) inhibited lipid accumulation by regulating the expression of hepatic fatty acid oxidation and lipogenic genes. GGH(4) also increased PPARα reporter gene expression. These effects of GGH(4) were similar to those of the PPARα activator fenofibrate, whereas the PPARα antagonist GW6471 reversed the inhibitory effects of GGH(4) on lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GGH(4) inhibits obesity-induced hepatic steatosis and that this process may be mediated by regulation of the expression of PPARα target genes and lipogenic genes. GGH(4) also suppressed obesity-related hepatic inflammation. Thus, GGH(4) may be a promising drug for the treatment of obesity-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seolah Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
| | - Jeongjun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
| | - Hyunghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
| | - Haerim Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
| | - Jonghoon Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
| | - Heejeong Yang
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Soon Shik Shin
- Formula Sciences, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
| | - Michung Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea.
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Jung C, Fuernau G, Eitel I, Desch S, Schuler G, Kelm M, Adams V, Thiele H. Incidence, laboratory detection and prognostic relevance of hypoxic hepatitis in cardiogenic shock. Clin Res Cardiol 2016; 106:341-349. [PMID: 27928583 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-016-1060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the improvement of therapeutic options for patients in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a complication with high mortality rates. Organ failure centrally determines the prognosis of these high-risk patients. Aim of the current study was to assess the incidence of hypoxic hepatitis (HH) in CS, its laboratory detection evaluating novel and established biomarkers and to estimate the prognostic relevance of HH in current clinical practice. METHODS In 172 patients with CS complicating AMI, blood samples were collected at admission and after 1 day as prespecified subanalysis of the intra-aortic balloon pumping IABP-SHOCK II trial. Classic parameters of HH were measured in addition to argininosuccinate synthase 1 and sulfotransferase isoform SULT2A1 was determined as new biomarker using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. All-cause mortality at 30 days was used for outcome assessment. RESULTS The overall mortality rate was 40%. The incidence of HH with an increase of aminotransferase levels to be 20 times above the upper normal level was 18%. Patients with HH had a distinctly higher 30-day mortality rate compared to patients without HH (68 vs. 34%; p < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) remained an independent predictor of 30-day mortality together with serum lactate and serum creatinine, while the new biomarkers failed to predict outcome. Comparing different liver markers using receiver operating characteristic analysis, ASAT showed the highest area under the curve for the prediction of outcome. CONCLUSIONS HH occurs frequently in CS and is associated with particular poor outcome. As conventional biomarker, ASAT is the strongest laboratory predictor of outcome. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00491036.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jung
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Georg Fuernau
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingo Eitel
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Steffen Desch
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schuler
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of Leipzig-Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Volker Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of Leipzig-Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Medical Clinic II, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Li J, Hua Y, Ji P, Yao W, Zhao H, Zhong L, Wei Y. Effects of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis on an acute inflammation rat model. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1881-1890. [PMID: 26853745 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1133660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Despite several pharmacological studies of volatile oils of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Umbelliferae) (VOAS), its anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unknown. Objective The study investigates the effects of VOAS on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammation rat model and analyzes its possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Materials and methods Fourty rats were randomly divided into the control, model, VOAS and dexamethasone (Dex) groups. The VOAS and Dex groups were given VOAS (0.176 mL/kg) and Dex (40 μg/kg), respectively. Rats in all groups except the control group were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (100 μg/kg), their exterior behaviour and liver pathological changes were observed, and the level of white blood cell (WBC), the number of neutrophils (NE)%, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, histamine (HIS), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) were detected. Results Compared with the model group, VOAS and Dex significantly accelerated the recovery of the exterior behaviour, the liver pathological changes of rats, and increased the level of IL-10, but decreased the level of WBC, NE%, GOT, GPT, ALP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, HIS, 5-HT, NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion VOAS exhibits anti-inflammatory and liver protection effects by inhibiting the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), the inflammatory mediators (HIS, 5-HT, PGE2 and NO), the inflammation-related enzymes (iNOS and COX-2), as well as promoting the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Hua
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ji
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Wanling Yao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Haifu Zhao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Zhong
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Wei
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University , Lanzhou , Gansu Province , People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhang RZ, Yu JK, Peng J, Wang FH, Liu HY, Lui VCH, Nicholls JM, Tam PKH, Lamb JR, Chen Y, Xia HM. Role of CD56-expressing immature biliary epithelial cells in biliary atresia. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2545-2557. [PMID: 26937142 PMCID: PMC4768200 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i8.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the clinical and pathological parameters and expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56) in patients with biliary atresia (BA).
METHODS: Established clinical laboratory markers of hepatic function, including enzyme activity, protein synthesis, and bilirubin metabolism, were evaluated in patients with BA and compared with those in patients with choledochal cysts and neonatal hepatitis. Pathological changes in tissue morphology and fibrosis were examined by histological and tissue collagen staining. Immunohistochemical staining for the biliary epithelial cell markers CD56 and CK19 together with the Notch signaling related molecules Notch1 and Notch2 was performed in the context of alterations in the structure of intrahepatic biliary ducts.
RESULTS: Differences in some clinical laboratory parameters among the three diseases examined were observed, but they did not correlate with the pathological classification of fibrosis in BA. Immunohistochemical staining showed the presence of CD56-positive immature bile ducts in most patients (74.5%) with BA but not in patients with choledochal cysts or neonatal hepatitis. The number of CD56-expressing cells correlated with disease severity, with more positive cells present in the later stages of liver damage (81.8% vs 18.2%). Furthermore, bile plugs were mainly found in CD56-positive immature biliary ducts. Notch signaling was a key regulatory pathway in biliary duct formation and played a role in tissue fibrosis. Notch1 was co-expressed in CD56-positive cells, whereas Notch2 was found exclusively in blood vessels in the portal area of patients with BA.
CONCLUSION: The maturation of biliary epithelial cells and the expression of Notch may play a role in the pathogenesis of BA.
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Aleksandrova K, Bamia C, Drogan D, Lagiou P, Trichopoulou A, Jenab M, Fedirko V, Romieu I, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Pischon T, Tsilidis K, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Bouton-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Racine A, Kaaks R, Kühn T, Tsironis C, Papatesta EM, Saitakis G, Palli D, Panico S, Grioni S, Tumino R, Vineis P, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Lukic M, Braaten T, Quirós JR, Luján-Barroso L, Sánchez MJ, Chilarque MD, Ardanas E, Dorronsoro M, Nilsson LM, Sund M, Wallström P, Ohlsson B, Bradbury KE, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Stepien M, Duarte-Salles T, Assi N, Murphy N, Gunter MJ, Riboli E, Boeing H, Trichopoulos D. The association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk is mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury: data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:1498-508. [PMID: 26561631 PMCID: PMC4658462 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher coffee intake has been purportedly related to a lower risk of liver cancer. However, it remains unclear whether this association may be accounted for by specific biological mechanisms. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the potential mediating roles of inflammatory, metabolic, liver injury, and iron metabolism biomarkers on the association between coffee intake and the primary form of liver cancer-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DESIGN We conducted a prospective nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition among 125 incident HCC cases matched to 250 controls using an incidence-density sampling procedure. The association of coffee intake with HCC risk was evaluated by using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression that accounted for smoking, alcohol consumption, hepatitis infection, and other established liver cancer risk factors. The mediating effects of 21 biomarkers were evaluated on the basis of percentage changes and associated 95% CIs in the estimated regression coefficients of models with and without adjustment for biomarkers individually and in combination. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted RR of having ≥4 cups (600 mL) coffee/d compared with <2 cups (300 mL)/d was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.62; P-trend = 0.006). A statistically significant attenuation of the association between coffee intake and HCC risk and thereby suspected mediation was confirmed for the inflammatory biomarker IL-6 and for the biomarkers of hepatocellular injury glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and total bilirubin, which-in combination-attenuated the regression coefficients by 72% (95% CI: 7%, 239%). Of the investigated biomarkers, IL-6, AST, and GGT produced the highest change in the regression coefficients: 40%, 56%, and 60%, respectively. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the inverse association of coffee intake with HCC risk was partly accounted for by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Christina Bamia
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Dagmar Drogan
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Kostas Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Bouton-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France; University Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; IGR, Villejuif, France
| | - Laure Dossus
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France; University Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; IGR, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Racine
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, France; University Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; IGR, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine-Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; HuGeF Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marko Lukic
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Leila Luján-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-José Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolores Chilarque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanas
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Epidemiology and Health Information, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery and Public Health, Nutrition Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Wallström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Division of Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kathryn E Bradbury
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Panjwani A, Shivaprakasha S, Karnad D. Acute Q Fever Pneumonia. J Assoc Physicians India 2015; 63:83-84. [PMID: 27666914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii which has a worldwide distribution. Pneumonia occurs in almost half of the patients who have an acute C. burnetii infection. Less than 5-6% of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is found to be caused by this organism. Endemicity of C. burnetii infection has been recorded in various studies carried out in our country. However there is no mention about Q fever as a cause of CAP in the various studies done to identify the aetiological agent. We report a case of acute Q fever related pneumonia and this appears to be the first reported case of pneumonia due to C. burnetii infection in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dilip Karnad
- Head Critical Care Medicine, Seven Hills Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra
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Dal S, Jeandidier N, Schaschkow A, Spizzo AH, Seyfritz E, Sookhareea C, Bietiger W, Péronet C, Moreau F, Pinget M, Maillard E, Sigrist S. Portal or subcutaneous insulin infusion: efficacy and impact on liver inflammation. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:488-98. [PMID: 26095147 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal insulin allows physiological portal insulin administration and first-pass hepatic insulin extraction, but the impact on liver metabolism and inflammation is unknown. Our objective was to compare the impact, on metabolic control and liver function, of the same dose of insulin administered either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously during continuous infusion in diabetic rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (C), untreated diabetic (streptozotocin, 100 mg/kg) and diabetic rats treated by continual subcutaneous Insuplant® infusion (CSII) and continual intraperitoneal Insuplant(®) infusion (CPII) of 2 UI/200 g/day (via an osmotic mini-pump for 1-4 weeks). Insulin signalling pathways were analysed through hepatic expression of growth hormone receptor and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1. Metabolic control was determined by measurement of body weight, blood glucose and fructosamine. Liver function was assessed by measuring insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), with global inflammation assessed by levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) and lipid peroxidation in plasma. Liver inflammation was evaluated by quantification of hepatic macrophage infiltration and reactive oxygen species production. CPII induced a better improvement in metabolic control and liver function than CSII, producing a significant decrease in blood glucose and fructosamine, coupled with increased IGF-1 and hepatic glycogen storage. Moreover, liver oxidative stress and liver inflammation were reduced. Such observations indicate that the same insulin level in CPII improves glucose control and hepatic glucose metabolism and function, attenuating the hepatic inflammatory response to diabetes. These data demonstrate the importance of focusing on therapeutics to allow first-pass hepatic insulin extraction or prevent diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dal
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Nathalie Jeandidier
- Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète -Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Anaïs Schaschkow
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Anne-Hélène Spizzo
- Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète -Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Elodie Seyfritz
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Cynthia Sookhareea
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - William Bietiger
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Claude Péronet
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - François Moreau
- Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète -Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Michel Pinget
- Structure d'Endocrinologie, Diabète -Nutrition et Addictologie, Pôle NUDE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Elisa Maillard
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Bld René Leriche, Strasbourg, 67200, France
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18
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Gudowska M, Wojtowicz E, Cylwik B, Gruszewska E, Chrostek L. The Distribution of Liver Steatosis, Fibrosis, Steatohepatitis and Inflammation Activity in Alcoholics According to FibroMax Test. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2015; 24:823-7. [PMID: 26768633 DOI: 10.17219/acem/28485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of alcoholic liver diseases is based on the history of alcohol abuse, clinical evidence of liver disease and laboratory abnormalities. The new non-invasive biomarkers have higher sensitivity to quantify and predict steatosis and fibrosis than ultrasonography. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of liver diseases in alcoholics by means of FibroMax. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 142 consecutive alcoholics were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of liver diseases was assayed by means of non-invasive biomarkers: fibrosis by FibroTest, steatosis by SteatoTest, steatohapatitis by AshTest (alcoholic origin) and NashTest (non-alcoholic origin) and necroinflammatory activity by ActiTest. RESULTS 38.7% of alcoholics do not have fibrosis, 38%--steatosis, 94.1%--alcoholic steatohepatitis, 56.6%--non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and 33.6%--necroinflammatory activity. The insignificant fibrosis (F<2) is present in 37.2%, advanced (F≥2)--15.3% and cirrhosis (F4)--in 8.8%. Insignificant steatosis (S<2) is observed in 31.3% and advanced (S≥2) in 30.5%. Minimal alcoholic steatohepatitis (H1) exists in 5.2% patients, moderate (H2) in none of the patient and severe (H3) in only one patient (0.7%). The distribution of NashTest scores is as following: N0--56.6%, N1--38.2% and N2--5.1%. Insignificant inflammatory activity (A<2) is present in 40.8% of alcoholic patients but significant (A≥2) in 25.5%. The frequency of severe steatosis (F3) and necroinflammatory activity (A3) in patients with cirrhosis (F4) is 50% for each of them. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis evaluated by means of FibroMax in alcoholics is higher than in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and lower than in mixed, alcoholic and non-alcoholic ones. This may indicate the presence of non-alcoholic liver disease in alcoholics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gudowska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Bogdan Cylwik
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Gruszewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
| | - Lech Chrostek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
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Batirova AS, Bakanov MI, Surkov AN. [THE MODERN CONCEPTS OF HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM UNDER CHRONIC DISEASES OF LIVER: THE PUBLICATIONS REVIEW]. Klin Lab Diagn 2015; 60:40-44. [PMID: 26596047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The disorder of system of hemostasis under chronic diseases of liver results in coagulation imbalance affecting both primary and secondary hemostasis. The shifting of hemostasis balance beyond the limits of physiological standards in such patients can result either in bleeding or thrombosis. For a long time already it is considered that in patients with chronic diseases of liver alterations in hemostasis system and occurrence of bleeding are very often interrelated. However results of such screening coagulation tests as prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time poorly correlate with onset and duration of bleeding, for example after liver biopsy and also with occurrence of gastro-intestinal bleeding in patients with terminal stage of diseases of liver The foreign publications of last decade contest concept of cause and effect relationship between changes of indicators of screening coagulation tests and risk of development of bleeding in patients with chronic diseases of liver The publications also dispute both usefulness of the given tests in evaluation of hemorrhages and expediency of therapeutic strategies in the case of correction of anomalous results of mentioned tests. This issue in patients with rare diseases is factually unexplored. For example, there are single publications concerning patients with glycogenous disease type. The bleeding in such patients begin in early childhood They are related to dysfunction of thrombocytes and decreasing of particular oligomers of von Willebrand factor Hence, disorders in various chains of hemostasis system in patients with chronic diseases of liver are characterized by many unresolved issues that hinder furthering of development of diagnostic biomarkers. At that, diagnostic of coagulopathies and correction of pathological conditions in such patients the new tests are to be developed to monitor states of hemostasis system in patients with chronic diseases of liver, rare nosologic forms included.
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Dogan S, Celikbilek M, Zararsiz G, Deniz K, Sivgin S, Guven K, Gursoy S, Ozbakir O, Yucesoy M. Red blood cell distribution width as a non-invasive marker for the assessment of inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatogastroenterology 2015; 62:393-398. [PMID: 25916070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the association between red cell distribution width and inflammation in biopsy proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. METHODOLOGY Fifty four subjects with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and thirty nine controls were enrolled for the study. Liver biopsy specimens were scored by using non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score by a single experienced liver pathologist. RESULTS Red cell distribution width was higher in the severe inflammation group in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (p < 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the predictive performance of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase and red cell distribution width in identifying inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis were 0.55 (0.41-0.68), 0.51 (0.37-0.64), 0.53 (0.39-0.67) and 0.73 (0.59-0.84) respectively and the differences of these values between red cell distribution width and other parameters were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). To determine the grading of inflammation, the specificity for using the red cell distribution width as an indicator in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients was calculated to be 73.3%, with 79.5% sen- sitivity. CONCLUSION Red cell distribution width was a sensitive and specific method for the assessment of the inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Favier RP, Spee B, Fieten H, van den Ingh TSGAM, Schotanus BA, Brinkhof B, Rothuizen J, Penning LC. Aberrant expression of copper associated genes after copper accumulation in COMMD1-deficient dogs. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 29:347-53. [PMID: 25053573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COMMD1-deficient dogs progressively develop copper-induced chronic hepatitis. Since high copper leads to oxidative damage, we measured copper metabolism and oxidative stress related gene products during development of the disease. METHODS Five COMMD1-deficient dogs were studied from 6 months of age over a period of five years. Every 6 months blood was analysed and liver biopsies were taken for routine histological evaluation (grading of hepatitis), rubeanic acid copper staining and quantitative copper analysis. Expression of genes involved in copper metabolism (COX17, CCS, ATOX1, MT1A, CP, ATP7A, ATP7B, ) and oxidative stress (SOD1, catalase, GPX1 ) was measured by qPCR. Due to a sudden death of two animals, the remaining three dogs were treated with d-penicillamine from 43 months of age till the end of the study. Presented data for time points 48, 54, and 60 months was descriptive only. RESULTS A progressive trend from slight to marked hepatitis was observed at histology, which was clearly preceded by an increase in semi-quantitative copper levels starting at 12 months until 42 months of age. During the progression of hepatitis most gene products measured were transiently increased. Most prominent was the rapid increase in the copper binding gene product MT1A mRNA levels. This was followed by a transient increase in ATP7A and ATP7B mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS In the sequence of events, copper accumulation induced progressive hepatitis followed by a transient increase in gene products associated with intracellular copper trafficking and temporal activation of anti-oxidative stress mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Favier
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bart Spee
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hille Fieten
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Baukje A Schotanus
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Brinkhof
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Rothuizen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louis C Penning
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Gudowska M, Gruszewska E, Cylwik B, Panasiuk A, Rogalska M, Flisiak R, Szmitkowski M, Chrostek L. Galectin-3 Concentration in Liver Diseases. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2015; 45:669-673. [PMID: 26663797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in serum galectin-3 concentration during liver diseases. The results were compared with hyaluronic acid concentration in combination with prothrombin index as a HAPRI index. Serum samples were obtained from 20 healthy volunteers and 109 patients suffering from alcoholic cirrhosis (AC)--57, non-alcoholic cirrhosis (NAC)--30 and toxic hepatitis (HT)--22 patients. Cirrhotic patients were classified according to Child-Pugh scale. Galectin-3 concentration was measured by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay and HAPRI index was calculated using a formula. There was a significant increase in the serum concentration of galectin-3 in patients with AC, NAC and HT, and significant differences between diseases were observed. The mean galectin-3 concentration in AC was significantly higher than that in HT. The serum galectin-3 level differs significantly according to severity of cirrhosis and was the highest in Child-Pugh class C. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values and the area under the ROC curve for galectin-3 and HAPRI were high and similar to each other. In conclusion, galectin-3 is a good marker of fibrosis in cirrhosis and toxic hepatitis, which reflects the stage of liver damage, like the HAPRI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gudowska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Gruszewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bogdan Cylwik
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anatol Panasiuk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rogalska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Szmitkowski
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Lech Chrostek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Wang JH, Jiang D, Rao HY, Zhao JM, Wang Y, Wei L. Absolute quantification of serum microRNA-122 and its correlation with liver inflammation grade and serum alanine aminotransferase in chronic hepatitis C patients. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 30:52-6. [PMID: 25461662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNA-122 has been shown to be crucial for efficient HCV RNA replication in vitro. Pretreatment intrahepatic microRNA-122 levels in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients have been associated with the outcomes of interferon therapy. Here, we determined microRNA-122 serum levels in CHC patients and healthy donors using an absolute quantification approach and evaluated the correlation with liver inflammation grades and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 105 treatment-naive CHC patients, 11 acute hepatitis patients, and 33 healthy donors. Serum microRNA-122 was measured using the TaqMan RT-qPCR. The cycle threshold values were converted to copy numbers by drawing a standard curve using a chemical synthetic standard. For accurate quantification, copy numbers were further normalized according to the recovery ratios of spiked-in cel-miR-39. RESULTS Serum levels of microRNA-122 were significantly higher in acute hepatitis and CHC patients than in healthy donors (p<0.001). However, there was no significant association between microRNA-122 and ALT serum levels or liver inflammation grades. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that serum microRNA-122 was elevated in acute and chronic hepatitis patients. However, this biomarker for acute liver injury did not reflect the liver inflammation activity in CHC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-hua Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, No. 11, Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, No. 11, Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hui-yng Rao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, No. 11, Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China
| | | | - Yu Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Lai Wei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, No. 11, Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
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Wang XC, Gusdon AM, Liu H, Qu S. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammation. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14821-14830. [PMID: 25356042 PMCID: PMC4209545 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide1 (GLP-1) is secreted from Langerhans cells in response to oral nutrient intake. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a new class of incretin-based anti-diabetic drugs. They function to stimulate insulin secretion while suppressing glucagon secretion. GLP-1-based therapies are now well established in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and recent literature has suggested potential applications of these drugs in the treatment of obesity and for protection against cardiovascular and neurological diseases. As we know, along with change in lifestyles, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China is rising more than that of viral hepatitis and alcoholic fatty liver disease, and NAFLD has become the most common chronic liver disease in recent years. Recent studies further suggest that GLP-1RAs can reduce transaminase levels to improve NAFLD by improving blood lipid levels, cutting down the fat content to promote fat redistribution, directly decreasing fatty degeneration of the liver, reducing the degree of liver fibrosis and improving inflammation. This review shows the NAFLD-associated effects of GLP-1RAs in animal models and in patients with T2DM or obesity who are participants in clinical trials.
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Deng WL, Xiong H, Wang LL, Zou XB. [Clinical significance of serum fibrosis markers in diagnosis of infantile hepatitis syndrome]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2014; 16:1029-1032. [PMID: 25344185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between four serum fibrosis markers and liver function in patients with infantile hepatitis syndrome (IHS), and to explore the clinical significance of these markers in the diagnosis of IHS and the assessment of disease severity. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 60 patients with IHS who were divided into hepatic fibrosis and normal groups based on ultrasound diagnosis. Levels of four liver fibrosis markers, i.e., hyaluronic acid (HA), type III procollagen (PC-III), type IV collagen (IV.C), and laminin (LN), were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between these markers and liver function was analyzed. RESULTS Levels of liver function markers (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil), and total bile acid (TBA)) in the hepatic fibrosis group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05). Levels of HA and IV.C in the hepatic fibrosis group were significantly higher compared with those in the normal group (P<0.05). Furthermore, HA, IV.C, and PC-III levels were positively correlated with those of ALT, TBil, GGT, DBil, IBil, and TBA (r=0.25-0.49), and the strongest correlation existed between HA/IV.C and ALT/jaundice markers. CONCLUSIONS Assay measuring serum fibrosis markers (HA, IV.C, and PC-III) in combination with liver function tests and ultrasound examination has an important clinical value in the early diagnosis of IHS and evaluation of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lin Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, the sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Lin Z, Li Q, Chen Y, Peng L, Han M. Ultrasonic oscillation dialysis-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer method for determination of "free" copper and exchangeable copper in serum. Clin Lab 2014; 60:543-51. [PMID: 24779288 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2013.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The determination of copper (Cu) in human blood is important in medical diagnosis. However, its biological activities strongly depend on the chemical forms, and thus data for total Cu concentration is not sufficient for medical diagnosis or mechanism study. Therefore, analyses of copper species in serum have much more physiologically meaningful. METHODS Ultrasonic oscillation dialysis procedure was introduced in the determination of "free" Cu, more precisely PBS dialysis Cu (DiaCu), and exchangeable Cu (EXCu) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Then the levels of serum "free" Cu and EXCu from hepatitis, liver cancer, and cervical cancer patients were determined. RESULTS The accuracy of the method ranged from 92% - 97% for PBS DiaCu and 90% - 107% for EXCu when using a dialysis membrane pore size of 25 kDa. The regression equation of the calibration curve was expressed as y = bChi + a, with linear regression coefficients (r2) of 0.9999 for ultrapure water and 0.9998 for PBS buffer and EDTA buffer. The limit of detection is 0.76 microg/L. Application of this method to serum samples showed that the levels of"free" Cu and EXCu in serum changed in various pathophysiological conditions. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonic oscillation dialysis-GFAAS method described here for the speciation of "free" Cu and EXCu in serum is simple with good reproducibility and small sample volume.
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Borges ÁH, O’Connor JL, Phillips AN, Baker JV, Vjecha MJ, Losso MH, Klinker H, Lopardo G, Williams I, Lundgren JD. Factors associated with D-dimer levels in HIV-infected individuals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90978. [PMID: 24626096 PMCID: PMC3953205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Higher plasma D-dimer levels are strong predictors of mortality in HIV+ individuals. The factors associated with D-dimer levels during HIV infection, however, remain poorly understood. Methods In this cross-sectional study, participants in three randomized controlled trials with measured D-dimer levels were included (N = 9,848). Factors associated with D-dimer were identified by linear regression. Covariates investigated were: age, gender, race, body mass index, nadir and baseline CD4+ count, plasma HIV RNA levels, markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6]), antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, ART regimens, co-morbidities (hepatitis B/C, diabetes mellitus, prior cardiovascular disease), smoking, renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and cystatin C) and cholesterol. Results Women from all age groups had higher D-dimer levels than men, though a steeper increase of D-dimer with age occurred in men. Hepatitis B/C co-infection was the only co-morbidity associated with higher D-dimer levels. In this subgroup, the degree of hepatic fibrosis, as demonstrated by higher hyaluronic acid levels, but not viral load of hepatitis viruses, was positively correlated with D-dimer. Other factors independently associated with higher D-dimer levels were black race, higher plasma HIV RNA levels, being off ART at baseline, and increased levels of CRP, IL-6 and cystatin C. In contrast, higher baseline CD4+ counts and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were negatively correlated with D-dimer levels. Conclusions D-dimer levels increase with age in HIV+ men, but are already elevated in women at an early age due to reasons other than a higher burden of concomitant diseases. In hepatitis B/C co-infected individuals, hepatic fibrosis, but not hepatitis viral load, was associated with higher D-dimer levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro H. Borges
- Centre for Health & Infectious Diseases Research (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Jemma L. O’Connor
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N. Phillips
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason V. Baker
- Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Vjecha
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, D. C., United States of America
| | | | | | - Gustavo Lopardo
- Fundación Centro de Estudios Infectológicos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ian Williams
- Centre for Sexual Health & HIV Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens D. Lundgren
- Centre for Health & Infectious Diseases Research (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhao D, Han L, He Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Identification of the plasma metabolomics as early diagnostic markers between biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85694. [PMID: 24416443 PMCID: PMC3885726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection is the most effective way to improve the clinical outcome of biliary atresia (BA). Emerging metabolomics provides a powerful platform for discovering novel biomarkers and biochemical pathways to improve early diagnosis. The aim of this study is to find the potential biomarkers to distinguish BA from neonatal hepatitis syndrome (NHS) by using a metabolomics method. We comprehensively analyzed the serum metabolites in a total of 124 blood samples from patients with BA or neonatal hepatitis syndrome (NHS) and from normal individuals using advanced metabolomic approaches, and found that the levels of glutarylcarnitine (C5DC) significantly increased in the BA group while the levels of threonine (Thr) significantly rose in the NHS group comparing with the other groups. The levels of glutamic acid (Glu) in the BA group were significantly elevated compared to those in the NHS group, but still lower than the hyperbilirubinemia and normal controls. The levels of propionyl carnitine (C3), isovaleryl carnitine (C5) and glutamine (Gln) were reduced in the BA group compared to those in the NHS group, but still higher than the hyperbilirubinemia and normal controls. This study demonstrates the possibility of metabolomics as non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of BA and also provides new insight into pathophysiologic mechanisms for BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Zhao
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianshu Han
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjuan He
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Alekseeva LA, Bessonova TV, Goriacheva LG, Efremova NA, Rogozina NV, Belova VV. [The prognostic value of biochemical indicators under neonatal hepatitis of different etiology]. Klin Lab Diagn 2013:3-7. [PMID: 24757856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the share of children with verified neonatal hepatitis induced by genetic predisposition, malformations of biliary tracts, inborn infections with affection of hepatobiliary system increased. The comprehensive biochemical examination of 62 children aged from 1.5 months to 2 years old with diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis. The changes of standard indicators of cytolysis, cholestasis and protein metabolism were on average moderate in group with reliable increase of protein concentration of acute phase of inflammation. The peak changes of biochemical indicators during primary examination are revealed in group of children with malformations of hepatobiliary system conditioned by viruses of herpetic group and in the process of development of expressed fibrosis of liver up to first year of life. The detection of proteins of acute phase makes it possible to objectively evaluate the presence of prolonged inflammatory process in liver and to promote prognosis of course of neonatal hepatitis in children of early age and timely correction of therapy and improvement of outcomes of disease. The detection of C-reactive protein, alpha2-macroglobulin and alpha1-antitripsin is recommended to be included into algorithm of examination of children with neonatal hepatitis.
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Kim MJ, Jang JW, Oh BS, Kwon JH, Chung KW, Jung HS, Jekarl DW, Lee S. Change in inflammatory cytokine profiles after transarterial chemotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokine 2013; 64:516-22. [PMID: 24035756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in cytokine profiles after chemotherapy can affect the outcomes of cancer patients. This study evaluated the clinical implications of cytokine changes after transarterial chemo-embolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Cytometric bead immunoassays were used to simultaneously measure 13 cytokines (interleukin [IL]-12p70, interferon-γ, IL-17A, IL-2, IL-10, IL-9, IL-22, IL-6, IL-13, IL-4, IL-5, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in the sera of 83 patients with HCC and 33 healthy controls. Cytokines were serially monitored at baseline, on days 3 and 7, and 2months after TACE in 63 evaluable patients. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-5, IL-6, and IL-17A were higher in patients with HCC than in healthy controls, whereas IL-1β and IL-22 levels were lower in patients with HCC. Of the cytokines measured, only the IL-6 level showed a significant positive correlation with both tumor size and Child-Pugh score. The Child-Pugh B/C group had higher IL-6 and lower IL-22 levels at baseline and exhibited relatively minor changes in cytokine levels compared with the Child-Pugh A group. We observed diverse changing patterns of individual cytokines on each date tested, with IL-6 and IL-22 increasing early after TACE. Particularly, IL-6 reached a peak on day 3 and finally decreasing on and after day 7. IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, on the other hand, increased during the late phase, 2months after TACE. Patients with larger tumors (>5cm) showed a transient but significant early-phase increase in IL-6 levels coupled with severe post-TACE hepatitis, as well as late-phase increases in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 levels after TACE. CONCLUSIONS TACE induces changes in levels of multiple cytokines. Distinct panels of cytokine changes are not uniform, and are influenced by treatment-induced inflammation, underlying liver function, and HCC stage. Early-phase increases in IL-6 after TACE reflect acute-phase responses and are partly associated with post-treatment hepatitis, while late-phase increases in Th2 cytokine profiles suggest immune suppression in patients with large tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ju Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Sato K, Egashira Y, Ono S, Mochizuki S, Shimmura Y, Suzuki Y, Nagata M, Hashimoto K, Kiyono T, Park EY, Nakamura Y, Itabashi M, Sakata Y, Furuta S, Sanada H. Identification of a hepatoprotective peptide in wheat gluten hydrolysate against D-galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis in rats. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:6304-6310. [PMID: 23742096 DOI: 10.1021/jf400914e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A hepatoprotective peptide, pyroglutamyl leucine (pyroGlu-Leu), was identified in wheat gluten hydrolysate through an in vivo activity-guided fractionation approach based on D-galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis in rats and fractionation of peptides with large-scale preparative ampholine-free isoelectric focusing. The active acidic fraction predominantly consisted of pyroglutamyl peptides and free pyroglutamic acid. Pyroglutamyl peptides were derivatized with phenyl isothiocyanate after removal of a pyroglutamyl residue by pyroglutamate aminopeptidase. The derivatives were purified by reversed-phase HPLC and subjected to sequence analysis. The active fraction contained pyroGlu-Ile, pyroGlu-Leu, pyroGlu-Gln, pyroGlu-Gln-Gln, and free pyroGlu. Ingestion of pyroGlu-Leu at 20 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases to approximately 30% and 20% of those values of the vehicle group, respectively, which were near the normal levels. Thirty minutes after ingestion of pyroGlu-Leu at 20 mg/kg, the concentration of pyroGlu-Leu in portal blood plasma increased to approximately 2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sato
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606 8522, Japan.
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Pirola CJ, Gianotti TF, Castaño GO, Sookoian S. Circulating MicroRNA-122 signature in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease: a new endocrine system in metabolic syndrome. Hepatology 2013; 57:2545-7. [PMID: 23111985 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Körner R, Preuss KD, Fadle N, Madjidi D, Neumann F, Bergeler L, Gräber S, Müller CSL, Grünhage F, Pfreundschuh M, Lammert F, Vogt T, Pföhler C. Serum antibodies against CD28-- a new potential marker of dismal prognosis in melanoma patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58087. [PMID: 23483974 PMCID: PMC3590176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoantibodies against CD28 have been found in patients with autoimmune and atopic diseases. These antibodies may act as superagonists and activate T cells but may also be antagonistic or induce immunosuppressive effects by activating regulatory T cells. Autoimmunity in melanoma patients has been discussed controversially. Objective We investigated 230 melanoma patients for the occurrence of CD28 antibodies and the effect of the latter on overall and progress-free survival. Methods We constructed an ELISA assay to measure CD28 serum antibodies. 230 patients with melanoma and a control-group of 625 patients consistent of 212 patients with virus hepatitis b or c, 149 patients with allergies, 78 patients with psoriasis, 46 patients with plasmocytoma and 140 healthy blood donors were investigated for the occurrence of CD28 antibodies. Results CD28 abs occur at a higher percentage in patients with melanoma and in patients with viral hepatitis than in other groups investigated (p<0.001). Occurrence of CD28 abs is significantly higher in patients receiving interferons independent from the underlying disease (p<0.001). In vitro CD28 serum antibodies have an inhibitory effect on the CD28 receptor as they lead to reduced stimulation of Jurkat cells. Presence of CD28 was correlated with a higher risk of dying from melanoma (p = 0.043), but not with a significantly shortened overall survival or progression-free survival. Conclusion Interferon therapy appears to induce the production of CD28 abs. In light of reports that these CD28 abs induce immunosuppressive Tregs and – as our data show – that they are inhibitors of CD28 receptor mediated stimulation, the continuation of therapies with interferons in melanoma patients developing CD28 antibodies should be critically reconsidered, since our data indicate a worse outcome of patients with CD28 abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Körner
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Ignat'ev SV, Ivashkina EP, Vorozhtsova SI, Nazarova EL, Gradoboeva TG, Chernova TA. [The IgG subclasses in patients with inhibitory form of hemophilia infected and noninfected with viruses]. Klin Lab Diagn 2013:20-22. [PMID: 23808020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The sample consisted of 102 patients with hemophilia infected and non-infected with hepatitis viruses. It is established that in case of inhibitory form of hemophilia concentration of IgG increases at the expense of subclass II and in case of non-inhibitory form of hemophilia valuable increase of concentration of IgG occurs at the expense of subclasses I, II and III under concomitant chronic hepatitis. No significant differences between these groups in levels of antibodies to factors VIII and IX is established.
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Hydzik P, Szpak D, Gomółka E. [Osteopontin level in the serum of patients with alcoholic liver disease, treated for alcohol withdrawal syndrome--a preliminary report]. Przegl Lek 2013; 70:542-545. [PMID: 24466690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is consequence of alcohol addiction, that increase morbidity and mortality of those group of patients. Induction of the inflammatory process in alcohol injured liver is a turning point in ALD, can cause acute liver damage symptoms or cirrhosis with increase of hepatic fibrosis intensity and portal hypertension. Osteopontin (OPN)--a protein associated with early inflammatory process and remodeling of damaged tissues with intensification of hepatic fibrogenesis process, is considered to be a biomarker of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. A group of 12 patients with mean age--44 years, mean alcohol addiction time--16 years, hospitalized because of alcohol withdrawal symptoms were examined in the preliminary report. ALD was diagnosed in all patients, steatosis--in 4, inflammatory--in 3, cirrhosis--in 5. Control group were 19 healthy patients with no alcohol addiction and liver disease in medical history. Serum OPN level was measured by ELISA method using reagents from Raybiotech. Serum OPN level in control group ranged 0-35,955 pg/ml, in examined group ranged 0-338,280 pg/ml. OPN levels in serum of patients with hepatic steatosis were under limit of detection (< 50 pg/ml). OPN serum level increase was correlated to ALD progression. The highest OPN levels (> 100,000 pg/ml) were observed in patients with symptoms of the liver decompensation due to severe hepatitis and advanced cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Hydzik
- Klinika Toksykologii, Katedra Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medium, Kraków.
| | - Dorota Szpak
- Klinika Toksykologii, Katedra Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medium, Kraków
| | - Ewa Gomółka
- Pracownia Toksykologii Analitycznej i Terapii Monitorowanej, Katedra Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medium, Kraków
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Xiao SX, Li Y, Guo Z, Han T. [A case of hepatitis with elevated serum IgG4]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2012; 20:953-954. [PMID: 23570060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-xiang Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Bala S, Petrasek J, Mundkur S, Catalano D, Levin I, Ward J, Alao H, Kodys K, Szabo G. Circulating microRNAs in exosomes indicate hepatocyte injury and inflammation in alcoholic, drug-induced, and inflammatory liver diseases. Hepatology 2012; 56:1946-57. [PMID: 22684891 PMCID: PMC3486954 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNAs are fine tuners of diverse biological responses and are expressed in various cell types of the liver. Here we hypothesized that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as biomarkers of liver damage and inflammation. We studied miRNA-122, which is abundant in hepatocytes, and miR-155, -146a, and -125b, which regulate inflammation in immune cells in mouse models of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), drug (acetaminophen, APAP)-induced liver injury (DILI), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9+4 ligand-induced inflammatory cell-mediated liver damage. We found that serum/plasma miR-122 correlated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increases in the liver damage caused by alcohol, APAP, and TLR9 (CpG)+4 (LPS) ligands. MiR-155, a regulator of inflammation, was increased in serum/plasma in alcoholic and inflammatory liver injury. Alcohol failed to increase serum miR-122 in TLR4-deficient and p47phox-deficient mice that were protected from ALD. We found the most robust increase in plasma miR-122 in DILI and it correlated with the highest ALT levels. Consistent with the massive inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver, plasma miR-155 and miR-146a were significantly elevated after CpG+LPS administration. We show for the first time that, depending on the type of liver injury, circulating miRNAs are associated either with the exosome-rich or protein-rich compartments. In ALD and in inflammatory liver injury, serum/plasma miR-122 and miR-155 were predominantly associated with the exosome-rich fraction, whereas in DILI/APAP injury these miRNAs were present in the protein-rich fraction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that circulating miRNAs may serve as biomarkers to differentiate between hepatocyte injury and inflammation and the exosome versus protein association of miRNAs may provide further specificity to mechanisms of liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Jeong HY, Moh SH, Yang Y, Yu T, Oh J, Jeong D, Yoon DH, Park KM, Lee S, Kim TW, Hong S, Kim SY, Cho JY. Src and Syk are targeted to an anti-inflammatory ethanol extract of Aralia continentalis. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 143:746-753. [PMID: 22885130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aralia continentalis Kitagawa (Araliaceae) is a representative ethnomedicinal herbal plant traditionally prescribed in Korea to relieve various inflammatory symptoms. However, the exact molecular mechanism of its anti-inflammatory activity has not been fully investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of the ethanol extract from the roots of this plant (Ac-EE) on the production of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) was studied in RAW264.7 cells. Its effect on inflammatory symptoms (gastritis and hepatitis) in mice was also examined. In particular, the molecular inhibitory mechanism was analysed by measuring the activation of transcription factors and their upstream signalling and the kinase activity of target enzymes. RESULTS Ac-EE dose-dependently suppressed NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. This extract also displayed curative activity against EtOH/HCl-induced gastritis and LPS-induced hepatitis in mice. Ac-EE-mediated anti-inflammatory activity was found to be at the transcriptional level, as it blocked the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway composed of Syk and Src, according to immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation analyses and a kinase assay with whole and nucleus lysates from RAW264.7 cells and mice. CONCLUSION Ac-EE may be developed as a functional herbal remedy targeting Syk- and Src-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Future work using pre-clinical studies will be needed to investigate this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yoon Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Korshunov GV, Bychkov EN, Arsent'eva LA, Serkova SA, Borodulin VB. [The blood biochemical indicators in drug addicted patients with HIV-infection and viral hepatitis]. Klin Lab Diagn 2012:17-18. [PMID: 22988796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The article demonstrates that in drug addicted patients joining of viral infections (HIV hepatitis) results in increase of content of total and direct bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and in decrease of content of urea. These processes testify the development of organopathologic complications in the form of liver's barrier functions impairment.
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Kim IW, Bae SM, Kim YW, Liu HB, Bae SH, Choi JY, Yoon SK, Chaturvedi PK, Battogtokh G, Ahn WS. Serum selenium levels in Korean hepatoma patients. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 148:25-31. [PMID: 22328307 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine serum selenium (Se) levels during the development of liver disease as well as the possible Se supplementation benefits in liver disease patients. Serum was collected from 187 patients with liver diseases and 120 normal healthy people living in Seoul. The samples were collected at the Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital College of Medicines, The Catholic University of Korea, in accordance with procedures approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic University of Korea. Serum Se levels were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and were compared between healthy and liver diseases patients. Se levels were 92.65 ± 32.50 μg/l in hepatitis infection, 92.33 ± 30.66 μg/l in hepatitis B virus infection and 96.41 ± 51.50 μg/l in hepatitis C virus infection, 96.42 ± 32.80 μg/l in cirrhosis, and 67.47 ± 14.30 μg/l in hepatoma patients. Findings were significantly lower in hepatitis and hepatoma as compared with the healthy participants (P < 0.001). The Se level of the healthy population was 108.38 ± 29.50, 119.37 ± 28.31 for males and 97.87 ± 26.99 μg/l for females. Our data shows the same parallelism between liver disease progression and decrease of Se levels except in the case of liver cirrhosis. And also, our study confirms the previous findings of significantly lower Se levels in Korean hepatoma patients. Se levels that decrease parallel to liver disease progression should be further integrated and analyzed with liver function blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Wook Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-ku, Seoul, 137-701, South Korea
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Kavoliuniene A, Vaitiekiene A, Cesnaite G. Congestive hepatopathy and hypoxic hepatitis in heart failure: a cardiologist's point of view. Int J Cardiol 2012; 166:554-8. [PMID: 22656043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the setting of long-standing severe chronic heart failure, other organ systems are also involved. The liver is one of the organs that are very sensitive to haemodynamic changes. Differential diagnosis of the liver injury is extremely important in the cardiologist's clinical practice and calls for cardiologist's and hepatologist's collaboration because there are many other diseases that can affect the liver and mimic haemodynamic injury. In this article, liver injuries depending on cardiocirculatory dysfunction such as hypoxic hepatitis and congestive hepatopathy are analysed. The material in the article is presented in two aspects: the evaluation and treatment of heart failure in order to prevent pathologic processes in the liver, and the recognition of the liver injury, including diagnostic tests which are essential for differential diagnosis of different liver pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Kavoliuniene
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Taylor RM, Tujios S, Jinjuvadia K, Davern T, Shaikh OS, Han S, Chung RT, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Short and long-term outcomes in patients with acute liver failure due to ischemic hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:777-85. [PMID: 21948394 PMCID: PMC5154383 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence and presenting features of patients with acute liver failure (ALF) due to ischemic hepatitis and the prognostic factors associated with short (three-week) and long-term outcomes. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis of adult patients enrolled in the Acute Liver Failure Study Group between 1998 and 2008 with ALF due to ischemic hepatitis. Predictors of adverse outcomes three weeks after presentation were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Ischemic hepatitis accounted for 51 (4.4%) of the 1147 ALF patients enrolled. Mean age was 50 years, 63% were female, and only 31% had known heart disease before presentation. However, a cardiopulmonary precipitant of hepatic ischemia was identified in 69%. Three-week spontaneous survival was 71%, two patients (4%) underwent liver transplantation, and the remaining 13 patients (25%) died of multi-organ failure. Adverse outcomes were more frequent in subjects with higher admission phosphate levels (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6, P = 0.008) and in subjects with grade 3/4 encephalopathy at presentation (HR: 8.4, 95% CI 1.1-66.5, P = 0.04). Nineteen of the 28 short-term survivors (68%) were still alive at a median follow-up of 3.7 years whereas nine (32%) others had died at a median follow-up of 2 months. CONCLUSIONS A higher admission serum phosphate level and more advanced encephalopathy are associated with a lower likelihood of short-term survival of hospitalized patients with ALF due to ischemic hepatitis. Long-term outcomes are largely determined by underlying cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Taylor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shannan Tujios
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0362, USA
| | - Kartik Jinjuvadia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0362, USA
| | - Timothy Davern
- California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Obaid S. Shaikh
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steve Han
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - William M. Lee
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robert J. Fontana
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0362, USA
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Gluck N, Fried M, Porat R. Acute amiodarone liver toxicity likely due to ischemic hepatitis. Isr Med Assoc J 2011; 13:748-752. [PMID: 22332445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatotoxicity due to intravenous amiodarone (HIVAD) is a rare side effect with a distinct pattern of enzyme disturbances compared to liver damage from oral amiodarone. Intravenous amiodarone is administered for acute arrhythmias often causing heart failure. The enzyme abnormalities and clinical setting are very similar to that of ischemic hepatitis, a far more common condition. OBJECTIVES To ascertain if acute HIVAD exists as a separate entity or whether reported cases may be explained by ischemic hepatitis METHODS In this case-control retrospective study the files of hospitalized patients with markedly elevated aminotransferases were reviewed for the diagnoses of HIVAD or ischemic hepatitis. Medline was searched for published cases of HIVAD. Pooled data of all patients with HIVAD were compared to a control group with ischemic hepatitis. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics, laboratory results or histological findings between HIVAD and ischemic hepatitis patients. CONCLUSIONS In our opinion, there is currently insufficient data to support the existence of distinct HIVAD, and ischemic hepatitis is a more probable diagnosis in most reported cases. Withdrawing amiodarone because of assumed hepatic damage could deprive patients of a life-saving therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Gluck
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
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Kofteridis DP, Koulentaki M, Valachis A, Christofaki M, Mazokopakis E, Papazoglou G, Samonis G. Epstein Barr virus hepatitis. Eur J Intern Med 2011; 22:73-6. [PMID: 21238898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2010.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection has the potential to establish life-long, benign infections in their hosts. Although biochemical evidence of hepatocellular damage is common, jaundice is uncommon and complete recovery is the rule. The present study describes clinical characteristics and changes of liver function tests during the course of infectious mononucleosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS All immunocompetent patients with hepatic dysfunction associated with acute EBV infection, cared for at the University Hospital of Heraklion, over a 6-year period, were identified and retrospectively studied. RESULTS The study included 41 patients with a median age of 18.5 (15-51) years. Aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) were increased in an average maximum of 5-fold. Both transaminase levels started to rise 2 days after the clinical onset of the disease, and returned to normal after a period of 20 days. Alkaline-phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and bilirubin levels also increased above the normal values during the course of the disease and returned to normal after a period of 20, 30 and 22 days respectively. The changes of mean AST and ALT levels over time were statistically significant, while those of mean ALP, γ-GT and bilirubin levels over time were not. Anicteric cholestatic liver disease was observed in 24 patients (59%), while icteric only in 2 (6%). CONCLUSION Liver involvement in acute EBV infection represents mild and self-limited hepatitis with predominantly cholestatic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis P Kofteridis
- Department of Internal Medicine-Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Hsu YC, Tai DI. Unusually high alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio in a patient with cyproterone-induced icteric hepatitis. Chang Gung Med J 2011; 34:34-8. [PMID: 22490456 DOI: pmid/22490456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A 70-year-old man with prostatic adenocarcinoma received cyproterone acetate 200 mg per day. Three months later, mild fatigue and anorexia with elevation of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level to 1311 U/L, total bilirubin level to 14 mg/dL and prothrombin time of 15/11.9 seconds developed. At that time the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was only 82 U/L. Viral hepatitis and autoimmune markers were all negative. This hepatitis resolved quickly after cyproterone therapy was discontinued. One and a half years later, the patient was prescribed cyproterone 100 mg daily at another hospital where staff were unaware of his previous history. General malaise, upper abdominal pain and jaundice developed two months later. Laboratory studies at emergency room revealed an AST of 245 U/L, ALT of 255 U/L, total bilirubin of 8.2 mg/dL, amylase of 6055 U/L, prothrombin time of 15.2/11.1 seconds and platelet count of 68000 cells/mL. Although cyproterone was discontinued, the patient died of multiple organ failure 20 days after admission. This case report presents a rare situation with marked elevation of the ALT level without AST level elevation. This finding suggests that cyproterone may induce specific damage to the plasma membrane, and the mitochondria are not involved in the initial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Hsu
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Suzuki M, Sugimoto K, Tanaka J, Tameda M, Inagaki Y, Kusagawa S, Nojiri K, Beppu T, Yoneda K, Yamamoto N, Ito M, Yoneda M, Uchida K, Takase K, Shiraki K. Up-regulation of glypican-3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:5055-5061. [PMID: 21187490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression and significance of glypican-3 (GPC3) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA chips were used to measure the expression of mRNAs for members of the glypican and syndecan families of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in normal liver tissue, non-tumor tissues and HCC. GPC3 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemical staining in the tissues samples and Western blotting in human HCC cell lines. In addition, the levels of GPC3 protein in the blood were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Only the expression of GPC3 was found to be markedly elevated in HCCs. In the human HCC cell lines, GPC3 expression was consistently observed, and was mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry showed a tendency for overall staining of the cytoplasm of cells in the liver carcinoma tissues, but the cell membrane was preferentially stained in poorly differentiated HCC when compared with well-differentiated HCC. Moreover, the cell membrane was preferentially stained in metastatic lesions of HCC when compared with primary HCC lesions. Non-tumor tissues and cholangiocellular carcinoma tissues were not stained. In addition, using HepG2 cells, AG490 and piceatannol, which are signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors, each increased the amount of GPC3 mRNA expressed. Assay of the circulating levels of GPC3 protein in chronic liver disease and HCC found that serum GPC3 protein levels were significantly elevated in the latter. CONCLUSION GPC3 is highly expressed in HCC, and its expression pattern differs according to the degree of cell differentiation. In addition, the expression of GPC3 is regulated by Janus kinase-STAT signaling. GPC3 shows potential as a tumor biomarker for HCC that can be used for molecularly targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Suzuki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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Caroleo S, Rubino AS, Tropea F, Bruno O, Vuoto D, Amantea B, Renzulli A. Coupled plasma filtration adsorption reduces serum bilirubine in a case of acute hypoxic hepatitis secondary to cardiogenic shock. Int J Artif Organs 2010; 33:749-752. [PMID: 21058270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic hepatitis (HH) is a severe complication of postoperative low output syndrome, associated with high mortality rates despite appropriate drug therapy. Recently several extracorporeal supportive techniques have become available. We describe the case of a 70-year-old woman who developed HH secondary to cardiogenic shock after cardiac surgery. CPFA proved to be a valid tool for concomitant hemodynamic support and organ replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Caroleo
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care Medicine, Magna Grecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Mase A, Makino B, Tsuchiya N, Yamamoto M, Kase Y, Takeda S, Hasegawa T. Active ingredients of traditional Japanese (kampo) medicine, inchinkoto, in murine concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 127:742-749. [PMID: 19962433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The traditional Japanese (kampo) medicine inchinkoto (ICKT) is used in Eastern Asia as a choleretic and hepatoprotective agent. Previously, we reported that ICKT ameliorates murine concanavalin A (con A)-induced hepatitis via suppression of interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-12 production. In the present study, we investigated the active ingredients of ICKT. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICKT and extracts of its component herbs were fractionated, and their effects on liver injury and cytokine production in vivo (biochemical markers of liver injury and cytokine levels in serum) and in vitro (cytokine and nitrite production in the cultures of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages). RESULTS Decoctions of component herbs, Artemisiae Capillari Spica (Artemisia capillaris Thunberg: 'Inchinko' in Japanese), Gardeniae Fructus (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: 'Sanshishi') and Rhei Rhizoma (Rheum palmatum Linné: 'Daio') were administered orally. Inchinko and Sanshishi decreased serum transaminases and IFN-gamma concentrations. Examination of fractions of component herbs suggested that capillarisin, a component of Inchinko, has potent hepatoprotective activity in vivo. In in vitro studies, capillarisin and genipin, an intestinal metabolite of geniposide that is contained in Sanshishi, were examined. IFN-gamma production was significantly suppressed by capillarisin and genipin in con A-stimulated splenocyte culture. Genipin also suppressed IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-12p70 synthesis. Capillarisin and genipin decreased nitrite release from IFN-gamma-stimulated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that both Inchinko and Sanshishi may contribute to the protective effects of ICKT against con A hepatitis. Capillarisin was found to be potently hepatoprotective, and genipin may also contribute, especially via modulation of cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Mase
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan. mase
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